WO2018187882A1 - 机电一体式b轴摆头装置 - Google Patents

机电一体式b轴摆头装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018187882A1
WO2018187882A1 PCT/CN2017/000314 CN2017000314W WO2018187882A1 WO 2018187882 A1 WO2018187882 A1 WO 2018187882A1 CN 2017000314 W CN2017000314 W CN 2017000314W WO 2018187882 A1 WO2018187882 A1 WO 2018187882A1
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Prior art keywords
axis
spindle
cylinder
seat
main shaft
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PCT/CN2017/000314
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蔡汉生
黄展源
郑苗远
郭楷铭
郑哲宇
洪泽斌
江晓波
蔡桂阳
Original Assignee
巨轮智能装备股份有限公司
巨轮（广州）机器人与智能制造有限公司
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Publication of WO2018187882A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018187882A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
    • B23Q1/48—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs
    • B23Q1/4852—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs and rotating pairs a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single rotating pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/001—Arrangements compensating weight or flexion on parts of the machine
    • B23Q11/0017—Arrangements compensating weight or flexion on parts of the machine compensating the weight of vertically moving elements, e.g. by balancing liftable machine parts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a component of a numerical control machine tool, in particular to an electromechanical integrated B-axis oscillating head device matched with a numerical control machine tool.
  • CNC machine tools are the main processing equipment for precision parts. They integrate advanced technologies such as electronic computer, automatic control, servo drive, precision measurement and new mechanical structure, making the development of CNC machine tools change with each passing day and functions. The development trend of CNC machine tools is reflected in the development of CNC functions, CNC servo systems, programming methods, inspection and monitoring functions, automatic adjustment and control technology.
  • the electromechanical integrated B-axis oscillating head device is installed on the Z-axis carriage of CNC machine tools. It is an important component of CNC machine tools.
  • the existing B-axis oscillating head device mostly uses synchronous belt wheel drive and harmonic reducer to reduce output. The structure is complicated, the installation and maintenance are difficult, the assembly cumulative error is large, and the precision is low.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an electromechanical integrated B-axis oscillating head device matched with a conventional CNC B-axis oscillating head device, which aims to improve the machining accuracy of the machine tool by improving the B-axis structure of the machine tool.
  • the invention comprises an integrated servo motor, a connecting flange, a spindle seat, a spindle limiting plate and an electric spindle.
  • the fixing flange of the integrated servo motor is connected with the Z axis of the machine tool through a bolt, and the output flange of the motor passes the bolt It is connected with the connecting flange, and the other end of the connecting flange is connected with the main shaft seat;
  • the main shaft limiting plate is connected with the electric main shaft through bolts, and is matched with the tooling to ensure the consistency of the mounting position of the electric main shaft; the thickness of the main shaft seat is slotted.
  • the electric spindle connected with the spindle limit plate passes through the spindle seat, and the spindle seat clamps the electric spindle by bolts; the spindle limit plate is fixed to the upper end of the spindle seat by bolts to form a limit structure.
  • a VA-type sealing ring is installed between the connecting flange and the Z-axis to prevent cooling water and iron filings from entering the inside of the device; the sealing ring is connected to the connecting flange by bolts to clamp the VA-type sealing ring.
  • the Z-axis is coupled to the X-axis slide through the lead screw pair and the guide rail pair, and a pair of left and right symmetrical balance cylinders are disposed on both sides of the Z-axis;
  • the body of the balance cylinder is connected to the cylinder mount by bolts, and the cylinder mount is It is fixedly connected to the X-axis slide plate;
  • the cylinder pull rod head is connected with the cylinder floating joint, and the other end of the cylinder floating joint is connected with the cylinder limit seat through the bolt, and the cylinder limit seat is fixedly connected to the Z-axis.
  • the invention adopts integrated servo motor drive, no need to install synchronous pulley set and reducer, which simplifies the B-axis structure, effectively reduces assembly error, improves B-axis rigidity and precision; integrated servo motor with self-contained electromagnetic Brake, the rotary clearance is as low as 1 arcmin, featuring compact structure, high torsional rigidity and high stability. At the same time, it adopts high-speed electric spindle, silent operation, low-cost maintenance, and can perfectly work with the tool magazine for replacing the tool holder. It is easy to install and maintain; it has the advantages of good rigidity, high precision and high dynamic performance.
  • the servo-integrated motor perfectly integrates the servo motor and gearbox into a multi-function device with good stability and continuous accuracy.
  • the pioneering addition of balance cylinders in the Z-axis effectively reduces the Z-axis and B-axis loads, making the Z-axis motor no-load output power as low as 10% or less.
  • the lifting movement of the B-axis oscillating head device is more flexible and stable. Ensuring long-term stability, it is easy to complete a variety of difficult machining operations, while ensuring long-term machining accuracy.
  • the B-axis oscillating head device is equipped with a high-speed electric spindle. All machining tasks are completed by the electric spindle and its supporting tools. It can process precision parts such as aerospace parts, watch cases and 3C products.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevational view of one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a side elevational view of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the appearance of FIG. 1.
  • the B-axis oscillating head device is mainly composed of an integrated servo motor 3, a connecting flange 4, a spindle holder 5, a spindle limiting plate 6, and an electric spindle 7, and the fixing flange of the integrated servo motor 3 passes.
  • the bolt is coupled to the Z-axis 1 of the machine tool, the output flange of the motor is coupled to the connecting flange 4 by a bolt, and the other end of the connecting flange 4 is coupled to the spindle seat 5; the spindle limiting plate 6 is coupled to the electric spindle 7 by bolts, and is connected.
  • the thickness of the main shaft 5 is grooved and drilled, and the electric spindle 7 connected with the spindle limit plate 6 passes through the spindle seat 5 and is clamped by bolts.
  • the electric spindle; the spindle limiting plate 6 is fixed to the upper end of the spindle holder 5 by bolts to form a limit structure.
  • the Z-axis 1 is connected to the X-axis slide plate 2 through the screw pair and the guide rail pair, and a pair of balance cylinders 11 are arranged on both sides of the Z-axis, which are bilaterally symmetrical; the cylinder body is fixed by the bolt and the cylinder fixing seat 12, and the cylinder is fixed.
  • the seat 12 (one piece on the left and the right) is fixed on the X-axis slide plate 2; the cylinder pull rod head 15 is coupled with the cylinder floating joint 13, and the other end of the cylinder floating joint 13 is connected with the cylinder limit seat 14 by bolts, and the cylinder limit seat 14 is Z-axis fixed connection.
  • a VA-type sealing ring 10 is installed between the connecting flange 4 and the Z-axis 1 to prevent cooling water and iron filings from entering the inside of the device; the sealing ring 8 is connected to the connecting flange 3 by bolts, and the VA type is clamped. Seal ring 10.
  • the protective cover 9 is fixed to the back surface of the Z-axis 1 by bolts to prevent entry of cooling water and iron filings.
  • the working principle of the invention is as follows: according to the shape and processing technology of the processed parts, the prescribed The program code is written in the code and program format, and then the program list is input to the control system. After the control system processes the program, the servo system of the B-axis sends a signal with power, and the integrated servo motor 3 drives the connection flange 4 to rotate, driving the spindle.
  • the seat 5 and the electric spindle 7 are circumferentially oscillated.
  • the high-speed rotating electric spindle on the oscillating head can cut the workpieces clamped on the worktable through the matching tools, and cooperate with other movements of X, Y, C and other axes to sculpt various planes or
  • the three-dimensional relief pattern and text realize the automatic operation of engraving and milling.
  • the Z-axis motor (not shown) drives the Z-axis 1 and B-axis oscillating head devices to perform the lifting movement.
  • the balance cylinder rod heads on both sides of the Z-axis move with the control of the control system.
  • the person achieves synchronous operation.
  • the load of the Z-axis 1 and B-axis oscillating head is offset; the vertical position of the electric spindle 7 is 0°, and the swing angle of the B-axis is -90° to +90°, a total of 180°, which can satisfy the large Engraving work for most parts.
  • the invention has the advantages of simple and reasonable structure, high overall precision, good structural rigidity, high precision, high dynamic performance and high long-term stability.

Abstract

一种机电一体式B轴摆头装置，包括一体式伺服电机(3)、连接法兰(4)、主轴座(5)、主轴限位板(6)和电主轴(7)，在Z轴两侧增加两条平衡气缸（11），有效地减轻了Z轴和B轴摆头的负载，使Z轴电机空载输出功率低至10％以下，B轴摆头装置的升降运动更加灵活、平稳，确保长期稳定性。

Description

机电一体式B轴摆头装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种数控机床的部件，具体是一种配套于数控机床上的机电一体式B轴摆头装置。
背景技术
当前高端零件的结构越来越复杂，花纹图案繁杂，对加工设备的要求越来越高。数控机床是精密零件的主要加工设备，其综合了电子计算机、自动控制、伺服驱动、精密测量和新型机械结构等诸方面的先进技术，使得数控机床的发展日新月异，功能也越来越强大。数控机床的发展趋势体现在数控功能、数控伺服系统、编程方法、检测监控功能、自动调整和控制技术等方面的发展。
机电一体式B轴摆头装置安装在数控机床Z轴拖板上，是数控机床的重要零部件，现有普通的B轴摆头装置，大多采用同步带轮组传动、谐波减速器减速输出，结构复杂，安装、维护困难，装配累积误差大、精度低。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有普通B轴摆头装置的缺点，提供一种配套于数控机床上的机电一体式B轴摆头装置，旨在通过改进机床B轴结构，以提高机床加工精度。
本发明，包括一体式伺服电机、连接法兰、主轴座、主轴限位板和电主轴，所述一体式伺服电机的固定法兰通过螺栓与机床的Z轴连结，电机的输出法兰通过螺栓与连接法兰连结，连接法兰另一端与主轴座连结；主轴限位板通过螺栓与电主轴连结，连结时配合工装锁紧，保证电主轴安装位置的一致性；主轴座一侧厚度开槽，并钻孔攻牙，连结有主轴限位板的电主轴穿过主轴座，主轴座通过螺栓夹紧电主轴；主轴限位板通过螺栓固定在主轴座上端而构成限位结构。
本发明，在连接法兰与Z轴之间安装有VA型密封圈，以防止冷却水、铁屑进入装置内部；密封圈压环通过螺栓与连接法兰连结，夹紧VA型密封圈。
本发明，所述Z轴通过丝杆副、导轨副与X轴滑板连结，在Z轴两侧设置有一对左右对称的平衡气缸；平衡气缸的本体通过螺栓与气缸固定座连接，气缸固定座则固定连接在X轴滑板上；气缸拉杆头与气缸浮动接头连结，气缸浮动接头另一端通过螺栓与气缸限位座连结，气缸限位座固定连接在Z轴上。
本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明采用一体式伺服电机驱动，无需加装同步带轮组和减速器，简化了B轴结构，有效降低了装配误差，提高了B轴刚性和精度；一体式伺服电机，自带电磁制动器，回转间隙低至1arcmin，具有结构紧凑、高扭转刚度、高稳定性等特点；同时采用高转速电主轴，静音运行，低成本维护，且能完美地与更换刀柄的刀库配合运行。且安装维护简单；具有刚性好、精度高、动态性能高等优点。
2、伺服一体式电机将伺服电机和齿轮箱完美整合为一个多功能装置，具有良好的稳定性和持续精度。
3、开创性的在Z轴增设平衡气缸，有效的降低了Z轴和B轴负载，使Z轴电机空载输出功率低至10％以下，B轴摆头装置的升降运动更加灵活、平稳，确保长期稳定性，能轻松的完成各种高难度加工动作，同时可保证长期的加工精度。
4、该B轴摆头装置配备高转速电主轴，所有加工任务都是通过电主轴及其配套的刀具完成，可加工航天航空零件、手表壳、3C产品等精密零件。
下面实施例结合附图说明对本发明作进一步的说明。
附图说明
图1是本发明的一个实施例的正面示意图；
图2是图1的A-A局部剖视图；
图3是图1的侧面示意图；
图4是图1的外观立体示意图。
图中，1、Z轴；2、X轴滑板；3、一体式伺服电机；4、连接法兰；5、主轴座；6、主轴限位板；7、电主轴；8、密封圈压环；9、防护盖板；10、VA型密封圈；11、平衡气缸；12、气缸固定座；13、气缸浮动接头；14、气缸限位座；15、气缸拉杆头。
具体实施方式
参照图1和图2，B轴摆头装置主要由一体式伺服电机3、连接法兰4、主轴座5、主轴限位板6、电主轴7构成，一体式伺服电机3的固定法兰通过螺栓与机床的Z轴1连结，电机的输出法兰通过螺栓与连接法兰4连结，连接法兰4另一端与主轴座5连结；主轴限位板6通过螺栓与电主轴7连结，连结时配合工装锁紧，保证电主轴安装位置的一致性；主轴座5一侧厚度开槽，并钻孔攻牙，连结有主轴限位板6的电主轴7穿过主轴座5，通过螺栓夹紧电主轴；主轴限位板6通过螺栓固定在主轴座5上端而构成限位结构。
参考图1和图3，Z轴1通过丝杆副、导轨副与X轴滑板2连结，Z轴两侧设置有一对平衡气缸11，左右对称；气缸本体通过螺栓与气缸固定座12，气缸固定座12(左右各一件)则固定在X轴滑板2上；气缸拉杆头15与气缸浮动接头13连结，气缸浮动接头13另一端通过螺栓与气缸限位座14连结，气缸限位座14与Z轴固定连接。
参照图2，连接法兰4与Z轴1之间安装有VA型密封圈10，防止冷却水、铁屑进入装置内部；密封圈压环8通过螺栓与连接法兰3连结，夹紧VA型密封圈10。
参照图2和图3，防护盖板9通过螺栓固定在Z轴1背面，防止冷却水、铁屑进入。
本发明的工作原理如下：根据加工零件的形状及加工工艺，用规定的 代码和程序格式编写程序单，然后将程序单输入到控制系统，控制系统将程序处理后，B轴的伺服系统发出带有功率的信号，一体式伺服电机3驱动连接法兰4旋转，带动主轴座5及电主轴7圆周摆动。同时摆头上的高速旋转电主轴，通过配套的刀具，对装夹在工作台上的工件进行切削，配合其他X、Y、C等各轴的运动合成，即可雕铣出各种平面或立体的浮雕图形及文字，实现雕铣自动化作业。
参照图1，Z轴电机(图中未画出)带动Z轴1及B轴摆头装置做升降运动，同时，Z轴两侧的平衡气缸拉杆头随之运动，通过控制系统的控制，两者实现同步运行。在机床气动系统控制下，抵消Z轴1和B轴摆头部分负载；以电主轴7垂直位置为0°，B轴的摆动角度为-90°至+90°，共180°，能够满足大多数零件的雕刻作业。
本发明结构简单、合理，整体精度高，具有结构刚性好、精度高、动态性能高和长期稳定性高等优点。

Claims (3)

  1. 一种配套于数控机床上的机电一体式B轴摆头装置，包括一体式伺服电机(3)、连接法兰(4)、主轴座(5)、主轴限位板(6)和电主轴(7)，其特征在于：所述一体式伺服电机(3)的固定法兰通过螺栓与机床的Z轴(1)连结，电机的输出法兰通过螺栓与连接法兰(4)连结，连接法兰(4)另一端与主轴座(5)连结；主轴限位板(6)通过螺栓与电主轴(7)连结，连结时配合工装锁紧，保证电主轴安装位置的一致性；主轴座(5)一侧厚度开槽，并钻孔攻牙，连结有主轴限位板(6)的电主轴(7)穿过主轴座(5)，主轴座(5)通过螺栓夹紧电主轴(7)；主轴限位板(6)通过螺栓固定在主轴座(5)上而构成限位结构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的机电一体式B轴摆头装置，其特征在于：在连接法兰(4)与Z轴(1)之间安装有VA型密封圈(10)，以防止冷却水、铁屑进入装置内部；密封圈压环(8)通过螺栓与连接法兰(3)连结，夹紧VA型密封圈(10)。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的机电一体式B轴摆头装置，其特征在于：所述Z轴(1)通过丝杆副、导轨副与X轴滑板(2)连结，在Z轴两侧设置有一对左右对称的平衡气缸(11)；平衡气缸的本体通过螺栓与气缸固定座(12)连接，气缸固定座(12)则固定连接在X轴滑板(2)上；气缸拉杆头(15)与气缸浮动接头(13)连结，气缸浮动接头(13)另一端通过螺栓与气缸限位座(14)连结，气缸限位座(14)固定连接在Z轴(1)上。
PCT/CN2017/000314 2017-04-11 2017-04-24 机电一体式b轴摆头装置 WO2018187882A1 (zh)

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CN112846930B (zh) * 2020-12-31 2022-03-15 浙江震环数控机床股份有限公司 一种数控机床

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