WO2018171396A1 - Procédé, dispositif, et système de transmission de données - Google Patents

Procédé, dispositif, et système de transmission de données Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018171396A1
WO2018171396A1 PCT/CN2018/077521 CN2018077521W WO2018171396A1 WO 2018171396 A1 WO2018171396 A1 WO 2018171396A1 CN 2018077521 W CN2018077521 W CN 2018077521W WO 2018171396 A1 WO2018171396 A1 WO 2018171396A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bier
packet
bier domain
protocol
predetermined traffic
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PCT/CN2018/077521
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张征
喻敬海
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2018171396A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018171396A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/64—Addressing
    • H04N21/6405—Multicasting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/64—Addressing
    • H04N21/6408—Unicasting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
    • H04N21/64746—Control signals issued by the network directed to the server or the client
    • H04N21/64761—Control signals issued by the network directed to the server or the client directed to the server
    • H04N21/64769—Control signals issued by the network directed to the server or the client directed to the server for rate control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/65—Transmission of management data between client and server

Definitions

  • This document relates to, but is not limited to, the field of communications, and in particular, to a data transmission method, apparatus and system.
  • OTT Over The Top
  • This kind of application is different from the communication service provided by the current operator. It only uses the operator's network, and the service is provided by a third party other than the operator.
  • typical OTT services include Internet TV services, Apple App Stores, and the like.
  • Live broadcast technology is one of the important businesses of OTT. With the development of Internet technology, live broadcast is playing an increasingly important role, including the live broadcast of the course, the live broadcast of the conference, the live broadcast of the medical operation, the live broadcast of the entertainment, the live broadcast of the party, and so on.
  • the live broadcast technology has high requirements on the bandwidth of the network. As the number of users increases exponentially and the demand for live broadcast clarity increases, the network bandwidth is increasingly unable to meet the demand.
  • the live content is sent to the user equipment through the network and point-to-point.
  • the live content server is under increasing pressure.
  • the bearer devices such as routers and switch devices
  • the network also Being under tremendous pressure from the flow.
  • a considerable number of identical packets pass through the same device, causing a huge waste of bandwidth usage of the device.
  • the bearer equipment uses some techniques to reduce the traffic load.
  • the CR (Core Router) device in Figure 1 converts the live data sent by the OTT device into a multicast group through an external or built-in server (here assumed to be a built-in server). .
  • the converted mapping message needs to be synchronized to all user terminal devices, such as a modem of the user's home, and then by the user terminal device to the aggregation device and the access device, such as a BNG (Broadband Network Gateway).
  • BNG Broadband Network Gateway
  • the BNG and the SR further send a PIM Join message to the upstream device to establish a multicast tree in the Metro or Backbone.
  • the CR device converts it into traditional multicast traffic and forwards it according to the multicast tree established in the network.
  • the BNG and the SR send the traffic to the connected user or the forwarding device.
  • the user terminal device converts the unicast traffic to the user for viewing the television or mobile phone.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a data transmission method, device, and system, which can implement the BIER technology for network unicast services, thereby saving network bandwidth, improving transmission efficiency, and improving user experience.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method, including:
  • the BIER domain ingress device receives the packet; after the BIER domain ingress device confirms that the received packet has a predetermined traffic characteristic, the BIER domain ingress device encapsulates the packet into a BIER packet and forwards the packet And the destination node indicated by the BIER header of the BIER packet is a BIER domain egress device corresponding to the traffic characteristic.
  • Each of the predetermined traffic characteristics can be used to indicate a unicast service.
  • the traffic characteristics may include any combination of IP message characteristic elements.
  • the above method may further include at least one of the following:
  • the BIER domain ingress device configures a predetermined traffic characteristic
  • the BIER domain ingress device determines the predetermined traffic characteristics according to the traffic characteristic information delivered by the network management system or the central controller.
  • the foregoing method may further include at least one of the following:
  • the BIER domain ingress device configures one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics
  • the BIER domain ingress device determines one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics according to an instruction issued by the network management system or the central controller;
  • the BIER domain ingress device determines one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics according to the acquisition information for the predetermined traffic characteristics sent by the one or more BIER domain egress devices through the BIER Overlay protocol.
  • the BIER Overlay protocol may include at least one of the following: MLD protocol, IGMP, PIM protocol, BGP, OSPF protocol, ISIS protocol, and Babel protocol.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method, including:
  • the BIER domain egress device decapsulates the received BIER packet, and obtains the packet with the predetermined traffic characteristics carried therein;
  • the BIER domain egress device forwards the packet to a device that is connected to the BIER domain egress device and needs the packet.
  • Each of the predetermined traffic characteristics can be used to indicate a unicast service.
  • the traffic characteristics may include any combination of IP message characteristic elements.
  • the above method may further include:
  • the BIER domain egress device sends, by using the BIER Overlay protocol, the predetermined traffic characteristic, when determining that at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal connected to the device needs to have the packet with the predetermined traffic characteristic. Obtain information for the BIER domain entry device.
  • the BIER Overlay protocol may include at least one of the following: MLD protocol, IGMP, PIM protocol, BGP, OSPF protocol, ISIS protocol, and Babel protocol.
  • the BIER domain egress device determines whether at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal connected to the device needs to have a predetermined traffic characteristic, and may include at least one of the following:
  • the BIER domain egress device determines, according to an instruction issued by the network management system or the central controller, a device that needs a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic
  • the BIER domain egress device determines, according to the traffic demand request of the user terminal, a device that needs a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission apparatus, which is applied to a BIER domain entry device, and includes:
  • a first receiving module configured to receive a message
  • the first processing module is configured to: after confirming that the packet received by the receiving module has a predetermined traffic characteristic, the packet is encapsulated into a BIER packet; wherein the destination node indicated by the BIER header of the BIER packet a BIER domain egress device corresponding to the traffic characteristic;
  • the first sending module is configured to forward the BIER message.
  • the traffic characteristics may include any combination of IP message characteristic elements.
  • the above device may further include at least one of the following:
  • the traffic characteristic configuration module is configured to configure a predetermined traffic characteristic
  • the traffic characteristic determining module is configured to determine a predetermined traffic characteristic according to the traffic characteristic information delivered by the network management system or the central controller.
  • the above device may further include at least one of the following:
  • An egress device configuration module configured to configure one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics
  • a first egress device determining module configured to determine one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics according to an instruction sent by the network management system or the central controller;
  • a second egress device determining module configured to determine one or more BIER domains corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics according to the acquiring information for the predetermined traffic characteristics sent by the BIER Overlay protocol by one or more BIER domain egress devices Export equipment.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission device, which is applied to a BIER domain egress device, and includes:
  • a second receiving module configured to receive a BIER message
  • a second processing module configured to decapsulate the received BIER packet, and obtain a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic carried therein;
  • the second sending module is configured to forward the packet to a device that is connected to the BIER domain egress device and needs the packet.
  • the above device may further comprise:
  • a requirement determining module configured to determine whether at least one of a next-level forwarding device and a user terminal connected thereto needs a packet having a predetermined traffic characteristic
  • a third sending module configured to: when the requirement determining module determines that at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal connected to the BIER domain egress device needs to have the packet with the predetermined traffic characteristic, pass the BIER
  • the Overlay protocol sends the acquisition information for the predetermined traffic characteristics to the BIER domain ingress device.
  • the requirement determining module may be configured to determine, by at least one of the following, whether at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal connected to the BIER domain egress device needs to have a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic:
  • the device that needs the packet with the predetermined traffic characteristic is determined according to the traffic demand request of the user terminal.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission system, including the BIER domain ingress device according to the third aspect, and the BIER domain egress device according to the fourth aspect.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission apparatus, which is applied to a BIER domain entry device, including: a transmission module, a memory, and a processor; wherein the memory is configured to store a program for data transmission;
  • the program for data transmission when being read and executed by the processor, performs the following operations: receiving a message through the transmission module; and encapsulating the message after confirming that the received message has a predetermined traffic characteristic And is a BIER packet, and the BIER packet is forwarded by the BIER header.
  • the destination node indicated by the BIER header of the BIER packet is a BIER domain egress device corresponding to the traffic characteristic.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission apparatus, which is applied to a BIER domain egress device, including: a transmission module, a memory, and a processor; wherein the memory is configured to store a program for data transmission;
  • the program of the data transmission when being read and executed by the processor, performs the following operations: decapsulating the received BIER message, and acquiring a message having a predetermined traffic characteristic carried therein; and the report is sent by the transmission module
  • the file is forwarded to the device that is connected to the BIER domain egress device and needs the message.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a machine readable medium storing a plurality of instructions, and implementing the data transmission method according to the first aspect when the plurality of instructions are executed by one or more processors.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a machine readable medium storing a plurality of instructions, and implementing the data transmission method of the second aspect when the plurality of instructions are executed by one or more processors.
  • the BIER technology can be used for the network unicast service, and the traffic can be easily and efficiently transmitted by using the BIER technology through a specific conversion mode, which saves a large amount of network bandwidth, is hardly affected by network changes, and can It supports the mobility of users or source devices very well. It plays a very important role in promoting the development of unicast technology and networks.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of data transmission of a live network
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of implementation of a data transmission system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a protocol format definition according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the implementation of the first embodiment of the present application.
  • Embodiment 9 is a schematic diagram of implementation of Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the implementation of the third embodiment of the present application.
  • Embodiment 4 of the present application is a schematic diagram of implementation of Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of implementation of Embodiment 6 of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of hardware of a data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of hardware of another data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the application mode mentioned in the background technology reduces the load of the network forwarding device to a certain extent, and the same data traffic will be forwarded only once.
  • the delay of establishing a multicast tree in the network is long. Once the network topology changes, the multicast tree will be re-established and takes a long time.
  • this method is suitable for comparing fixed and unchanged networks. If the user moves, for example, the user access moves from one BNG to another BNG, the multicast tree needs to be re-established, which takes several seconds or even tens of seconds. The uninterrupted live broadcast of the user will have a disruption effect, which greatly affects the user's viewing experience.
  • mapping processing is required for a specific traffic
  • the number of multicast groups allocated to this group is also large in the case of a large number of live broadcasts.
  • the resources of the multicast group are limited, and the live broadcast service is infinitely growing, which is bound to face
  • all user equipments must participate in the process of establishing a multicast tree. The path established by the entire multicast tree is long and is more susceptible to link state changes.
  • BIER Bit Indexed Explicit Replication
  • the nodes at the edge of the network are represented by only one BIT (bit).
  • the multicast traffic is transmitted in the intermediate network and encapsulates a specific one.
  • the BIER header this message header marks all destination nodes of the multicast stream in the form of a BIT bit string, and the intermediate forwarding node routes according to the BIT, so that the guaranteed traffic can be sent to all destination nodes.
  • the intermediate forwarding node passes the internal protocol in advance, such as OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) protocol, ISIS (Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System) protocol, and BGP (Border) in the Layer 3 network.
  • OSPF Open Shortest Path First
  • ISIS Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System
  • BGP Border
  • BIER Bit Index Forwarding Table
  • the BIER technology has an advantage in delivering multicast services. However, since the live broadcast service is unicast traffic, the BIER technology cannot be used as a bearer. The current BIER technology cannot be applied to the live broadcast service scenario.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a data transmission method, device, and system, which implements the BIER technology applied to a network unicast service, so that unicast traffic can be easily and efficiently transmitted by using BIER technology, thereby saving network bandwidth and avoiding network changes. Data transfer impact to support mobility of users or source devices.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method, which is applied to a BIER domain entry device, and includes:
  • the BIER domain ingress device receives the packet.
  • the packet After the BIER domain ingress device confirms that the received packet has a predetermined traffic characteristic, the packet is encapsulated into a BIER packet, and the BIER packet is forwarded. The destination node indicated by the BIER header of the BIER packet is sent. The BIER domain egress device corresponding to the traffic characteristic.
  • Each of the predetermined traffic characteristics can be used to indicate a unicast service, such as a live broadcast service.
  • the BIER domain ingress device in this embodiment authenticates the received unicast traffic by using a predetermined traffic characteristic, and encapsulates the unicast traffic into a BIER packet for forwarding.
  • the traffic characteristics may include any combination of Internet Protocol (IP) message characteristic elements.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the traffic characteristics may include the following information: source address, destination address, source port, destination port, and protocol number; or source address, source port, and protocol number; or destination address, destination port, and protocol number; or, source address Source port, destination address, destination port, protocol number, service type, and interface index.
  • the BIER domain ingress device configures the scheduled traffic characteristics; or,
  • the BIER domain ingress device determines the predetermined traffic characteristics according to the traffic characteristic information sent by the network management system (hereinafter referred to as the network management system) or the central controller.
  • the predetermined traffic characteristics may be determined by static configuration, or determined according to information sent by the network management system or the central controller.
  • the method in this embodiment may further include at least one of the following:
  • the BIER domain ingress device configures one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics
  • the BIER domain ingress device determines one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics according to an instruction issued by the network management system or the central controller;
  • the BIER domain ingress device determines one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics according to the acquisition information for the predetermined traffic characteristics sent by the one or more BIER domain egress devices through the BIER Overlay protocol.
  • the BIER domain egress device indicated in the BIER header of the BIER domain ingress device encapsulation device needs to have a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic, and the packets of which traffic characteristics are required by the BIER domain egress device may be determined according to the configuration information. Or, determined according to the information sent by the network management system or the central controller, or determined according to the request sent by the BIER domain egress device.
  • the BIER Overlay protocol may include at least one of the following: MLD protocol, IGMP, PIM protocol, BGP, OSPF protocol, ISIS protocol, and Babel protocol.
  • the BIER domain ingress device when the BIER domain is deployed on the metropolitan area network, the BIER domain ingress device may include: a CR that connects to the backbone network, and the BIER domain egress device may include at least one of the following: BNG, SR; when deployed in the backbone network In the BIER domain, the BIER domain ingress device may include: a CR that connects to the OTT live service, and the BIER domain egress device may include: one or more CRs other than the BIER domain ingress device; when the aggregation access device and its next level are forwarded When a BIER domain is deployed between devices, the BIER domain ingress device may include one of the following: BNG, SR; the BIER domain egress device may include at least one of the following: an optical cable terminal device (OLT), a digital subscriber line access multiplexer (DSLAM) ), switch (Switch), router.
  • OLT optical cable terminal device
  • DLAM digital subscriber line access multiplexer
  • switch switch
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method, which is applied to a BIER domain egress device, and includes:
  • the BIER domain egress device decapsulates the received BIER packet, and obtains a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic carried therein.
  • the BIER domain egress device forwards the obtained packet to the device connected to the BIER domain egress device and needs the packet.
  • Each of the predetermined traffic characteristics can be used to indicate a unicast service, such as a live broadcast service.
  • the BIER domain egress device can obtain the unicast traffic by decapsulating the BIER packet, and forward the unicast traffic to the user terminal or the next-level forwarding device that needs to be directly connected to the unicast traffic.
  • the traffic characteristics may include any combination of IP message characteristic elements.
  • the traffic characteristics may include the following information: source address, destination address, source port, destination port, and protocol number; or source address, source port, and protocol number; or destination address, destination port, and protocol number; or, source address Source port, destination address, destination port, protocol number, service type, and interface index.
  • the BIER domain egress device determines whether at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal connected thereto needs a packet having a predetermined traffic characteristic
  • the BIER domain egress device sends the acquisition information for the predetermined traffic characteristics to the BIER domain portal through the BIER Overlay protocol when at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal that is connected to it needs to have a predetermined traffic characteristic. device.
  • the BIER domain egress device can send the information about the unicast traffic to the BIER domain ingress device, and notify the BIER domain ingress device of the unicast traffic requirement, so that the BIER domain ingress device performs the BIER domain encapsulation. Determine the BIER domain egress device corresponding to the corresponding unicast traffic.
  • the BIER Overlay protocol may include at least one of the following: MLD protocol, IGMP, PIM protocol, BGP, OSPF protocol, ISIS protocol, and Babel protocol.
  • the BIER domain egress device determines whether at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal connected to the device needs to have a predetermined traffic characteristic, and may include at least one of the following:
  • the BIER domain egress device determines, according to the configuration information, a device that needs a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic.
  • the BIER domain egress device determines, according to an instruction issued by the network management system or the central controller, a device that needs a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic
  • the BIER domain egress device determines the device that needs the packet with the predetermined traffic characteristics according to the traffic demand request of the user terminal.
  • the BIER domain ingress device when the BIER domain is deployed on the metropolitan area network, the BIER domain ingress device may include: a CR that connects to the backbone network, and the BIER domain egress device may include at least one of the following: BNG, SR; when deployed in the backbone network In the BIER domain, the BIER domain ingress device may include: a CR that connects to the OTT live service, and the BIER domain egress device may include: one or more CRs other than the BIER domain ingress device; when the aggregation access device and its next level are forwarded When a BIER domain is deployed between devices, the BIER domain ingress device may include one of the following: BNG, SR; the BIER domain egress device may include at least one of the following: an optical cable terminal device (OLT), a digital subscriber line access multiplexer (DSLAM) ), switch (Switch), router.
  • OLT optical cable terminal device
  • DLAM digital subscriber line access multiplexer
  • switch switch
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission apparatus, which is applied to a BIER domain entry device, and includes:
  • the first receiving module 401 is configured to receive a message
  • the first processing module 402 is configured to: after confirming that the packet received by the receiving module 401 has a predetermined traffic characteristic, the packet is encapsulated into a BIER packet; wherein the destination node indicated by the BIER header of the BIER packet is the traffic.
  • BIER domain export device corresponding to the feature;
  • the first sending module 403 is configured to forward the BIER message.
  • the traffic characteristics may include any combination of IP message characteristic elements.
  • the traffic characteristics may include the following information: source address, destination address, source port, destination port, and protocol number; or source address, source port, and protocol number; or destination address, destination port, and protocol number; or, source address Source port, destination address, destination port, protocol number, service type, and interface index.
  • the traffic characteristic configuration module is configured to configure a predetermined traffic characteristic
  • the traffic characteristic determining module is configured to determine a predetermined traffic characteristic according to the traffic characteristic information delivered by the network management system or the central controller.
  • the egress device configuration module is configured to configure one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics
  • a first egress device determining module configured to determine one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics according to an instruction issued by the network management system or the central controller;
  • the second egress device determining module is configured to determine one or more BIER domain egress devices corresponding to the predetermined traffic characteristics according to the acquiring information for the predetermined traffic characteristics sent by the one or more BIER domain egress devices through the BIER Overlay protocol.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission apparatus, which is applied to a BIER domain egress device, and includes:
  • the second receiving module 501 is configured to receive a BIER message
  • the second processing module 502 is configured to decapsulate the received BIER packet, and obtain a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic carried therein;
  • the second sending module 503 is configured to forward the packet to a device that is connected to the BIER domain egress device and needs the packet.
  • a requirement determining module configured to determine whether at least one of a next-level forwarding device and a user terminal connected thereto needs a packet having a predetermined traffic characteristic
  • a third sending module configured to: when the requirement determining module determines that at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal connected to the BIER domain egress device needs to have a predetermined traffic characteristic, sending, by using a BIER Overlay protocol, the request The information of the traffic characteristics is obtained to the BIER domain entry device.
  • the requirement determining module may be configured to determine, by using at least one of the following, whether at least one of the next-level forwarding device and the user terminal connected to the BIER domain egress device needs a packet with a predetermined traffic characteristic:
  • the device that needs the packet with the predetermined traffic characteristic is determined according to the traffic demand request of the user terminal.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a data transmission system, including: a BIER domain ingress device and a BIER domain egress device.
  • a data transmission system including: a BIER domain ingress device and a BIER domain egress device.
  • BIER domain ingress device and the BIER domain egress device For a description of the BIER domain ingress device and the BIER domain egress device, reference may be made to the description of the device embodiment shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, and thus no further details are provided herein.
  • the implementation process of the data transmission system provided by the embodiment of the present application may include:
  • the BIER domain ingress device After receiving the packet with the predetermined traffic characteristics, the S601, the BIER domain ingress device encapsulates the BIER header in front of the packet, and uses the packet as the payload of the BIER packet, and forwards the encapsulated BIER packet.
  • the destination node indicated by the BIER header of the BIER packet is set as the BIER domain egress device corresponding to the traffic characteristic.
  • the BIER domain egress device When the S602 and BIER packets are forwarded in the BIER domain and sent to the BIER domain egress device (that is, the device in the edge access direction), the BIER domain egress device removes the BIER header of the BIER packet to obtain the packet, and obtains the packet according to the user. The request forwards the message.
  • the packet with the predetermined traffic characteristics in the load of the BIER packet it is determined whether the user needs such a packet, and if there is a user who needs the packet, the user is forwarded to the corresponding user or the next level. Forward the device.
  • the BIER domain ingress device (for example, the CR connected to the OTT or any other BIER domain ingress device) can configure the traffic characteristics that need to be converted into BIER packets to identify the traffic received from the OTT or other device. Whether it is traffic that needs to be transmitted through the BIER domain.
  • the traffic characteristic may be a quintuple including a source address, a destination address, a source port, a destination port, and a protocol number, or a source address, a source port, a protocol number, or a destination address, a destination port, and a protocol number.
  • a tuple or a more detailed source information of a source address, a source port, a destination address, a destination port, a protocol number, a service type, an interface index, and the like. Which method is chosen to define the traffic characteristics can be based on specific business conditions. This application is not limited thereto.
  • the network management system or the central controller can deliver the traffic characteristics that need to be converted into BIER packets to the BIER domain entry device (such as CR).
  • the live broadcast service can be associated with the BIER forwarding, and the BIER technology can be applied to the live broadcast service scenario; there is no need to establish a multicast tree in the network; the mapping between the live broadcast service and the BIER and the live broadcast service Regardless of the quantity, there is no problem that the number of group addresses allocated for the live broadcast service is too large, resulting in no multicast address being assignable.
  • the BIER domain ingress device after receiving the packet with the traffic characteristic, the BIER domain ingress device needs to determine the BIER domain egress device encapsulated in the BIER header.
  • the BIER domain entry device can be determined by one or more of the following methods:
  • the network management system or the central controller may also issue an instruction to indicate a BIER domain exit device with predetermined traffic characteristics;
  • the BIER domain ingress device can dynamically obtain information about the BIER domain egress device to be sent, such as the BNG and SR access devices of the metropolitan area network.
  • the BIER domain egress device (for example, BNG, SR, etc.) determines that the device has users. Or, when the next-level aggregation access device needs a live broadcast service traffic, the BIER Overlay layer network protocol, such as MLD or IGMP, can be used to send the information about the characteristic traffic to the BIER domain ingress device (for example, the CR that may forward the OTT traffic).
  • the BIER domain ingress device records the information of these BIER domain egress devices that require characteristic traffic to encapsulate the corresponding traffic.
  • the metropolitan area network is used as an example.
  • the BIER domain egress device can determine whether the device has a live broadcast service by using at least one of the following methods:
  • the BIER domain egress device (for example, a user-side device such as BNG or SR) can directly configure to indicate that some users need to receive certain feature traffic to indicate some or all users, or the next level is closer to the user. The device needs traffic with this feature. The BIER domain egress device can forward traffic directly to the next-level device or the user itself according to the configuration information.
  • BNG user-side device
  • SR user-side device
  • an export device such as BNG and SR can also obtain the forwarding control of characteristic traffic directly from the network management system or the central controller, and forward according to the control;
  • the multi-class access aggregation device notifies the traffic characteristics corresponding to the live broadcast service to the BIER network edge device such as BNG or SR when the user terminal needs to receive a live broadcast service, and the BNG or SR device is in the BIER network. After the BIER packet is decapsulated, it is sent to the user who needs the traffic of the feature or the access aggregation device of the next level.
  • the BIER network edge device such as BNG or SR
  • the protocol packet extension mode shown in Figure 7 can be used.
  • the protocol extension may be an MLD or IGMP protocol extension, or a PIM or BGP protocol extension, or other routing protocol methods, such as a shortest path priority protocol, an intermediate system to an intermediate system protocol, and a Babel protocol.
  • the traffic characteristics of the advertisement may be a five-tuple as shown in FIG. 7, including a source address, a destination address, a source port, a destination port, and a protocol number.
  • the traffic characteristics can also be a triplet with only the source address, source port, protocol number or destination address, destination port, and protocol number, or a more detailed source address, source port, destination address, destination port, protocol number, and service. Seven-tuple information such as type and interface index.
  • the specific definition of the traffic characteristics can be determined according to the specific business conditions.
  • the BIER encapsulation of the BIER domain egress device is performed by decapsulating the BIER domain egress device in the BIER domain ingress device, so that the BIER technology can be applied to the live broadcast service scenario, and the user mobility can be well supported.
  • the fast move does not need to re-trigger the establishment of the multicast tree, the impact on the live broadcast service of the user can be minimized.
  • this is a network similar to that of FIG. 1, and is also a commonly used deployment network.
  • the entire metropolitan area network serves as a BIER domain.
  • the CR that connects the backbone network serves as the ingress device of the BIER domain.
  • the BNG and SR are devices close to the user side and are also the egress devices of the BIER domain.
  • the CR directly connects to the OTT live broadcast service device, or receives the OTT live broadcast service traffic forwarded by other CRs. Assume that a live broadcast service audience is very extensive. All BNGs and SRs need to be used as egress devices to receive the live broadcast service traffic and forward it to the user or the next-level aggregation access device.
  • the BIER encapsulation destination that directly configures the characteristic traffic on the CR is all egress devices, such as the BNG and SR devices on the metropolitan area network.
  • the CR When the live traffic with this feature reaches the CR, the CR encapsulates the traffic as a payload after the BIER header, and encapsulates the destination of the BIER header as all the egress devices of the BIER domain.
  • the BIER message is forwarded through the BIER domain to all egress devices (including BNG and SR).
  • the BNG and the SR After receiving the live traffic of the encapsulated BIER header, the BNG and the SR remove the BIER header and forward the live traffic to the user or the next-level aggregation access device.
  • the network networking is also a commonly used networking environment. Assume that a certain OTT live traffic is very large, such as virtual reality data, but the audience is not very broad, that is, not all BIER domain export devices need to receive the live traffic. Therefore, the BIER domain egress device set of the service traffic needs to be determined first, and the configuration mode in the first embodiment can be used, that is, only a part of the egress device is configured; or the dynamic acquisition mode can also be adopted.
  • an edge device such as a BNG or an SR learns the MLD/IGMP protocol running between the BIER domain edge device (that is, BNG, SR) and the CR when the access user needs a certain characteristic traffic, or Protocols such as PIM/BGP are extended to send traffic characteristics to the CR.
  • the CR manages the edge device of the feature traffic. After receiving the traffic with the feature, the CRIER encapsulates only the corresponding edge device. When the BIER packet is transmitted through the BIER domain and reaches the edge device (such as BNG and SR), the BNG and the SR remove the packet from the BIER header and forward it to the user who needs the traffic of the feature or the next-level device.
  • the TLV Type/Length/Value
  • MLD/IGMP protocol MLD/IGMP protocol
  • PIM/BGP protocol PIM/BGP protocol
  • Extended content can include traffic characterization, such as information such as quintuple or quaternary.
  • Embodiments 1 and 2 illustrate the case where the metropolitan area network deploys the BIER domain
  • FIG. 10 shows the case where the backbone network is the BIER domain. Because the content of the OTT server is not only required to be received by the CR and the connected metropolitan area network, other metropolitan area networks also need to receive OTT live traffic. Therefore, the OTT live broadcast service needs to be sent to each CR on the backbone network.
  • the CR that connects the OTT live broadcast service is used as the ingress device of the BIER domain of the backbone network. Some or all of the CR devices (other than the ingress device) serve as the egress device of the BIER domain of the backbone network.
  • the CR can be configured to determine the characteristic traffic by using the configuration mode. The dynamic learning method learns the characteristic traffic requirements. After receiving the traffic, the ingress CR determines and encapsulates the destination egress device of the BIER header according to the egress device corresponding to the traffic characteristics. The packet is forwarded to the BIER domain of the backbone network. The packet is forwarded through the BIER domain and reaches the egress device.
  • the CR will be used as the ingress device of the BIER domain of the metropolitan area network after the BIER header of the BIER domain encapsulation of the backbone network is removed, and the BIER header is encapsulated again and forwarded to Metropolitan Area Network BIER domain.
  • the packet After the packet reaches the egress device of the metropolitan area network (such as BNG and SR), it is forwarded to one or more users or the next-level aggregation access device.
  • the backbone network BIER domain egress device in the third embodiment knows whether there are other CRs in the backbone network BIER domain that need to receive characteristic traffic, or in the metropolitan area network BIER.
  • the CR needs to know whether the edge device of the metropolitan area network (such as the BNG or SR) needs to receive the characteristic traffic.
  • the configuration between the BIER domain of the backbone network and the edge device of the metropolitan area network BIER domain is configured, or MLD/IGMP/PIM. Protocol extension methods such as /BGP are known to the corresponding egress edge device.
  • the BIER domain egress device (such as BNG or SR) on the edge of the metro network needs to know whether users need live traffic.
  • edge devices such as BNG and SR can directly obtain user information.
  • the user's viewing live traffic demand is directly managed by the BNG device. Therefore, the BNG receives the live broadcast service forwarded from the BIER domain of the metropolitan area network.
  • the feature traffic can be directly sent to the required users according to the user's management. It is also possible that the user accesses through an aggregate access mode such as an OLT (optical line terminal), a DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer), a switch (Switch), or a router.
  • An edge device such as BNG or SR may not directly see the user.
  • the BIER forwarding capability is supported between the aggregation access devices such as the OLT, the BIER encapsulation and forwarding can be formed by deploying the characteristic traffic to save the aggregate access bandwidth.
  • devices such as BNG and SR are used as access edge devices for accessing the BIER domain.
  • Converged access devices such as OLTs, DSLAMs, switches, or routers serve as egress edge devices that access the BIER domain.
  • the BNG and SR devices use the BIER Overlay protocol (for example, protocols such as MLD/IGMP/PIM/BGP) to learn the characteristic traffic.
  • the BNG and SR devices perform characteristic traffic to the BIER.
  • the packet is encapsulated and forwarded to the access BIER domain.
  • the aggregation device such as the OLT removes the BIER encapsulation of the packet and sends the characteristic traffic to the required users.
  • BNG2 As shown in Figure 12, suppose a mobile user (such as user 1) replaces its aggregation device and metro access device. From BNG1 to BNG2, the user is receiving a live broadcast service, but there is no user need on the BNG2 device. The live broadcast business. Therefore, BNG2 immediately sends the characteristic traffic to the ingress device CR through a protocol such as MLD or IGMP. The ingress device CR adds the BNG2 to the destination edge egress device and encapsulates it into the BIER header of the characteristic traffic without establishing a multicast tree. The live stream quickly reaches the user through the new BNG (BNG2), which is much more efficient than the original hop-by-hop multicast tree.
  • BNG2 new BNG
  • the new aggregation access device can also be added to access the edge edge device of the BIER domain.
  • the live broadcast traffic can quickly reach the user terminal in the new location, thereby minimizing the impact on the live broadcast service of the user.
  • the embodiment includes the following process:
  • the backbone network device CR1 is connected to an OTT live broadcast service server.
  • the OTT live broadcast service server is providing dozens of live broadcast services, such as multiple live games and multiple live conferences.
  • the backbone network is managed by the SDN (Software Defined Network) controller of one of the central controllers.
  • the SDN controller distributes all the live service service feature traffic of the backbone network as a policy to each.
  • a BIER domain edge device here on the CR. It is assumed that the traffic characteristics are in the form of a quintuple. Different policies are generated according to the five parameters of the source address, the source port, the destination address, the destination port, and the protocol number.
  • Each policy corresponds to a live broadcast service.
  • the live broadcast service 1 corresponds to the source address 171.1.1.1, the source port 80, the destination address 165.1.1.1, the destination port 80, and the protocol number 520.
  • the CR records the traffic characteristics of each live broadcast service. For traffic that is not part of the traffic characteristics, the CR will forward according to the normal forwarding rules. When receiving traffic corresponding to the traffic characteristics, BIER encapsulation processing is required.
  • Step 2 Assume that there are several users on the edge device of the metropolitan area network (BNG1). User1 needs live service 1. User1 is directly connected to BNG1. User1 directly sends the requirements of its live service feature to BNG1. BNG1 associates the characteristics of live broadcast service 1 with user1, indicating that the traffic of live broadcast service 1 needs to be received by the user.
  • Step 3 The BNG1 advertises the demand for the live broadcast service to the CR1. It is assumed that the IGMP extension advertisement mode is used to carry the same service characteristic field as the live broadcast service 1 in the IGMP protocol packet. After receiving the notification from the protocol, CR1 records BNG1 in the destination egress device corresponding to the live traffic 1 characteristic traffic policy.
  • Step 1 and Step 2 in the actual application are not distinguished sequentially; Steps 1 and 3 have no prior distinctions.
  • Step 4 The OTT server sends the data stream of the live broadcast service 1 to the CR1, and the data flow encapsulation and the live traffic service 1 have the same traffic characteristics.
  • Step 5 The CR1 determines that the traffic needs to be BIER-encapsulated according to the characteristic traffic policy, and encapsulates the egress device including BNG1 into the destination address of the BIER packet header according to the stored characteristic traffic corresponding to the destination egress device. in.
  • Step 6 After the BIER domain is forwarded according to the BIER header, the packet reaches the egress device BNG1, and the BNG1 strips the BIER header of the packet, and finds that the quintuple information of the packet matches the stored characteristic traffic. Indicate that the traffic needs to be received by the user.
  • BNG1 For normal packets, because the quintuple information is not the same as the stored feature traffic, BNG1 performs normal forwarding processing. Only special processing is done for data streams that conform to the characteristic traffic.
  • Step 7 The BNG1 forwards the data flow to the corresponding user1 according to the relationship between the service characteristic traffic and the corresponding user. User1 successfully received the live traffic.
  • switch1 It is assumed that user2 also needs to receive the same service traffic, but the user is not directly connected to BNG1, and the live broadcast service request is sent to the aggregation device (switch1). There is a BIER forwarding domain between switch1 and BNG1. Therefore, switch1 will send the feature traffic request to BNG1 through the IGMP/MLD protocol in the same way as in step 3. BNG1 also adds switch1 to the demand traffic. . After receiving the service traffic, the BNG1 forwards the packet to the user1 and forwards the packet to the switch1. The switch decapsulates the received BIER packet and forwards it to user2.
  • the BIER technology can be used for the network unicast service, and the traffic can be easily and efficiently transmitted through a specific conversion method, without the consumption and management problem of the multicast address, saving the problem.
  • a large amount of network bandwidth is almost unaffected by network changes and supports the mobility of users or source devices. It plays a very important role in promoting the development of unicast technology and networks.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a data transmission apparatus, which is applied to a BIER domain ingress device 1400, and includes: a transmission module 1406, a memory 1404, and one or more processors 1402 (only one is shown).
  • the memory 1404 is arranged to store a program for data transfer; the program for data transfer, when read and executed by the processor 1402, performs the following operations:
  • the packet is received by the transmission module 1406. After confirming that the received packet has a predetermined traffic characteristic, the packet is encapsulated into a BIER packet, and the BIER packet is forwarded by the transmission module 1406.
  • the BIER header indication of the BIER packet is indicated.
  • the destination node is the BIER domain egress device corresponding to the traffic characteristics.
  • the processor 1402 may include a processing device such as a microprocessor (MCU) or a programmable logic device (FPGA).
  • MCU microprocessor
  • FPGA programmable logic device
  • the structure shown in FIG. 14 is merely illustrative and does not limit the structure of the above electronic device.
  • the BIER domain entry device 1400 may also include more or fewer components than shown in FIG. 14, or have a different configuration than that shown in FIG.
  • the memory 1404 can be configured as a software program and a module for storing application software, such as program instructions or modules corresponding to the data transfer method of the present application, and the processor 1402 executes one or more by running a software program and a module stored in the memory 1404.
  • a functional application and data processing, that is, the above method is implemented.
  • Memory 1404 can include high speed random access memory and can also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid state memory.
  • memory 1404 can include memory remotely located relative to processor 1402, which can be connected to BIER domain entry device 1400 via a network. Examples of such networks include the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
  • Transmission module 1406 is arranged to receive or transmit data via a network.
  • the transmission module 1406 can be a radio frequency (Radio Frequency, RF for short) module configured to communicate with the Internet wirelessly.
  • Radio Frequency Radio Frequency, RF for short
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a data transmission apparatus, which is applied to a BIER domain egress device 1500, and includes: a transmission module 1506, a memory 1504, and one or more processors 1502 (only one is shown in the figure).
  • the memory 1504 is arranged to store a program for data transfer; the program for data transfer, when read and executed by the processor 1502, performs the following operations:
  • the transmitting module 1506 Decapsulating the received BIER packet, and obtaining the packet with the predetermined traffic characteristic carried in the packet; the transmitting module 1506 forwards the packet to the device that is connected to the BIER domain egress device 1500 and needs the packet.
  • the processor 1502 may include a processing device such as an MCU or an FPGA.
  • the structure shown in FIG. 15 is merely illustrative and does not limit the structure of the above electronic device.
  • the BIER domain egress device may also include more or fewer components than shown in FIG. 15, or have a different configuration than that shown in FIG.
  • the memory 1504 can be used to store software programs and modules of the application software, such as program instructions or modules corresponding to the data transmission method in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor 1502 executes a software program and a module stored in the memory 1504 to execute a Or a variety of functional applications and data processing, that is, to achieve the above method.
  • Memory 1504 can include high speed random access memory, and can also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid state memory.
  • memory 1504 can include memory remotely located relative to processor 1502, which can be connected to BIER domain exit device 1500 via a network. Examples of such networks include the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
  • Transmission module 1506 is arranged to receive or transmit data via a network.
  • the transmission module 1506 can be a radio frequency (Radio Frequency, RF for short) module configured to communicate with the Internet wirelessly.
  • Radio Frequency Radio Frequency, RF for short
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a machine readable medium storing a plurality of instructions, and implementing the data transmission method applied to a BIER domain entry device when the plurality of instructions are executed by one or more processors.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a machine readable medium storing a plurality of instructions, and implementing the data transmission method applied to a BIER domain egress device when the plurality of instructions are executed by one or more processors.
  • computer storage medium includes volatile and nonvolatile, implemented in any method or technology for storing information, such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. , removable and non-removable media.
  • Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical disc storage, magnetic cartridge, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or may Any other medium used to store the desired information and that can be accessed by the computer.
  • communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal, such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and can include any information delivery media.
  • the BIER technology can be used for the network unicast service, and the traffic can be easily and efficiently transmitted by using the BIER technology through a specific conversion mode, which saves a large amount of network bandwidth, is hardly affected by network changes, and can It supports the mobility of users or source devices very well. It plays a very important role in promoting the development of unicast technology and networks.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé, un dispositif, et un système de transmission de données. Le procédé de transmission de données comprend les étapes suivantes : un dispositif d'entrée de domaine BIER (Bit Indexed Explicit Replication) reçoit un message (S201) ; et le dispositif d'entrée de domaine BIER, après avoir confirmé que le message reçu avait une caractéristique de débit prédéterminée, encapsule le message sous la forme d'un message BIER et transmet le message BIER, un nœud de destination indiqué par un en-tête BIER du message BIER étant un dispositif de sortie de domaine BIER correspondant à la caractéristique de débit (S202).
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