WO2018162664A2

WO2018162664A2 - Packaging system and method for packaging products

Info

Publication number: WO2018162664A2
Application number: PCT/EP2018/055813
Authority: WO
Inventors: Claudia Berges; Dirk Berges; Elke METZSCH-ZILLINGEN; Rudolf Pfaendner
Original assignee: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V.
Priority date: 2017-03-10
Filing date: 2018-03-08
Publication date: 2018-09-13
Also published as: DE102017204032A1; WO2018162664A3; DE202017106455U1; EP3592661A2

Abstract

The invention relates to a packaging system comprising a packaging and at least one air-cushion system that is mounted at least in regions on the inner side of the packaging. The invention is characterised in that the packaging and the air-cushion system are made from compatible thermoplastic materials. The invention also relates to a method for packaging products by means of said packaging system, wherein a product is placed inside the packaging system and the air-cushion system is filled with gas before, during or after introducing the product.

Description

Packaging systems and methods for packing general cargo

The present invention relates to a packaging system, which has a Umverpa- ccess and at least partially inside the outer packaging attached air cushion system. The invention is characterized in that the outer packaging and the air cushioning system are formed from compatible thermoplastic materials. The invention also relates to a method for packaging piece goods by means of a packaging system according to the invention, wherein piece goods are placed in the interior of the packaging system and the air cushion system is filled with gas before, during or after introduction of the piece goods.

It is thus proposed an environmentally friendly recyclable packaging system, which provides both effective transport protection and can be folded flat when not in use or empty transport and thus a dense Stapelart can be achieved, resulting in an effective utilization of the storage or transport volume. Delicate or high-quality packaged goods need appropriate packaging for the purposes of transport or storage. This packaging protects the packaged goods against damage. Not only are surface damage to be prevented, but also damage caused by impacts or

Serving can occur.

Various types of packaging for objects of all kinds are known from the prior art, with the packaging forms generally being matched to the corresponding requirements. Previously used reusable packaging for items are usually limited to transport packaging such as pallets, boxes, containers or the like.

Sales packaging that is delivered to the end user are predominantly disposable and can only be partially recycled. These simple packages consist of cardboard with cardboard inserts, foam or polystyrene inserts to protect the packaged goods. The inserts are usually pack-specific shaped and have proven themselves in practice. One problem, however, is the disposal of the packaging, especially in the case of large-volume goods.

Another option for protecting the packaged goods during transport is the use of fillers, which are introduced into the packaging space together with the packaged goods. Plastic fillers, packaging chips or simply paper strips can serve as fillers. Also valveless bubble bags,

Air cushion upholstery films or mats are used to cover the packaged goods.

In addition to these valveless bubble bags, inflatable cushioning elements are also used, which consist of air-filled or gas-filled elastic chambers and thus protect goods that are sensitive to pressure or impact. The proposed upholstery elements as well as the packaging containers, which are equipped with such inflatable cushioning elements, are shown partly as disposable part as reusable products.

With the known systems it is attempted that packaged goods are To protect nischer damage by a distance from the wall of the outer packaging is made, with an attenuation against shocks or a protection against slipping is to be achieved.

The prior art discloses a variety of inflatable packaging aids. Examples given at this point the writings DE-GM 723018, DE 29 22 635, DE 40 07 128, DE-GM 1 890 17, DE 199 13 410, DE-GM 91 09 199, DE-GM 92 10 955, DE -GM 90 Ol 604, DE-GM 201 07 136, DE-GM 201 08 327, DE-GM 20 2011 101 074, EP 0 317 130, US 3,889,743, US 4,465,188, US 5,348,157 and US 5 588 533 describe padding elements having an air or gas inlet (valve) and which consist of one or more fluidically interconnected chambers and are used for filling of transport packaging or wrapping / wrapping the cargo.

Furthermore, inflatable packaging are known, which are used directly as transport packaging. Thus, for example, the utility model DE-GM 91 05 966 can be cited, which describes an inflatable packaging of a double foil, which consists of corresponding chambers, which are filled via a valve with air. The outer film is less elastic and serves as protection against impact while the inner film is very elastic and encloses the packaged goods. The package may be vented after use, wound into a roll and reused.

In the published patent application DE 10 2012 214 862, a package is presented which has inflatable inner and outer cushions, wherein the inner cushion fixes the cargo and the outer cushion is used to absorb shocks. The utility model DE 20 2010 006 206 Ul describes a plastic hood with internal air chambers ("safety bag"), which are filled separately with air.

In addition to the above-described inflatable packaging aids or packaging, a variety of packaging systems are known which have implemented inflatable padding. In this case, the inflatable cushioning material can be loosely inserted into the packing space or firmly connected to the outer packaging. By way of example, in the simplest case, as set forth in the published patent applications DE 100 34 539, DE 40 30 919 and DE 10 2014 103 355, the use of a "balloon" or "pad" can be used which after inserting the packaged goods in inflated a carton. WO 1994/018091 describes a packaging device in which the foil bag is reversibly connected to the underside of the lid of the packaging box and also filled via a valve in the lid. The published patent applications DE 38 13 309 and DE 38 27 858 describe such a packaging unit for automated packaging of commissioned goods, wherein after insertion and closing of the outer packaging, an inner plastic bag is inflated from the outside and then welded. The packaging unit is intended for single use only.

Thus, in the utility model DE-GM 66 09 223 a box-shaped transport container is cited, which is designed with one or more variable-volume gas containers whose filling and drain valve is arranged for the respective gas container in the container wall.

The published patent application DE 40 39 503 generally describes a concept of an air-cushioned reusable container, which is equipped on the entire inside with air cushions, which are either firmly connected to the outer packaging or loosely inserted and inflate from the outside.

Specifically, such a packaging system is presented in the utility model DE-GM 92 03 440, in which the walls of a folding carton are made of a plastic or coated with selbigem. By welding with a foil blank, chambers which are connected to one another and can be filled with air from the outside by means of a valve after the carton has been assembled are produced.

German Offenlegungsschriften DE 299 13 840 and EP 0 398 345 describe packaging containers which, as upholstery elements, have film sacks firmly connected to the wall, which flow through ducts. are connected to each other.

Another protective packaging with inflatable air cushion elements and their production is described in the published patent application DE 10 2012 006 398 AI. The air cushion elements are made of a multi-layered

Plastic film with high puncture resistance and barrier effect produced and used as a protective packaging for electronics, auto parts and liquid containers. The protective packaging is designed for single use only.

A packaging which uses an inflatable polymer foam as a cushioning material is described in the published patent application DE 41 23 558. The pad is connected only to the lid of the outer packaging and can be folded after venting with the outer packaging. A disadvantage of this packaging is that in order to achieve optimum cushioning or a minimum transport volume, a pumping or suction device are necessary.

A packaging system which is stackable, is proposed in the published patent application DE 10 2013 020 198 AI. For this purpose, a transport container made of polypropylene with internal inflatable air cushioning is used.

A disadvantage of existing packaging systems is that they are due to different plastic materials used or insufficient resistance not or only poorly recyclable material and therefore need to be energetically utilized or deposited in the worst case.

A disadvantage of the technical solutions for a packaging system according to the prior art is further that the outer packaging body often has insufficient mechanical properties, if at the same time a stackability in combination with the flexible packaging of the packaging is required to minimize storage capacity and to ensure a low return effort.

The object of the present invention is therefore to specify a packaging system which in particular has a high recyclability, so that the individual constituents of the packaging system are uniformly recycled and, where appropriate, can be processed into a new packaging system. In addition, the packaging system should have an air cushion system which has a high puncture resistance and barrier effect and whose arrangement of the individual air chambers is designed so that the flow guide allows easy folding.

This object is achieved in terms of a packaging system with the features of claim 1, in terms of a method for packaging piece goods with the features of claim 18. The respective dependent claims represent advantageous developments.

The invention thus relates to a packaging system comprising or consisting of an outer packaging and an air cushion system, which is at least partially attached to the inner sides of the outer packaging, wherein the outer packaging and the air cushion system are formed from compatible thermoplastic materials.

The term "compatible" is understood to mean the definition of "Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry" (Vol 29, "Polymer Blends" Section, 3.2 Compatibility, Wiley VCH, 2012), which is sometimes called a synonym for compatibility of thermoplastics also the term "compatibility" indicated. To those skilled in the art, many classes of thermoplastic materials are known in exemplary tables, which are mutually compatible and thus can be used for the purposes of the present invention.

The present invention thus relates to the field of packaging, in particular a packaging system which protects a packaged goods stored in the packaging and at the same time serves for safe transport. The packaging system enables one-way and reusable packaging, and the preferred field of application is returnable packaging in the sense of pendulum packaging. The packaging system is durable, recyclable and environmentally friendly.

The present invention relates in particular to an environmentally friendly packaging system made of plastic for reusable and value-added packaging an overpack and an air cushion system and these are selected so that a simple recycling by material recycling can be done without separation of the components. The recyclability of the packaging system through material recycling is of particular importance. Mixtures of different polymers are generally incompatible with each other, ie the resulting properties such as the mechanical properties of these mixtures are insufficient, so that a high quality reuse is not possible. The recyclability of the present systems is achieved by using compatible or compatible polymers and preferably identical polymer classes for both requirements for the respectively different requirements of the outer packaging and the air cushion system. For example, a toughened polypropylene injection molding grade can be combined with a polypropylene sheet material.

According to a preferred embodiment, the outer packaging and the air cushion system are formed from thermoplastic polymers of identical polymer classes. The foil-based air poer system can be manufactured by extrusion, casting, calendering or blow molding. In a preferred embodiment, the films are obtainable by blown film extrusion.

These production methods are known to the person skilled in the art and described in "Kunststoff-Folien: Herstellung-Eigenschaften-Anwendung" by Joachim Nentwig, Carl Hanser Verlag, 2006, 3rd edition.

In the preferred embodiment of the packaging system according to the invention, the air cushion system has at least one gas barrier layer, preferably air, oxygen and / or nitrogen and water vapor barrier layer.

Polymer classes here are understood to be the various thermoplastic polymers prepared on different synthetic methods, ie polyolefins prepared by free-radical polymerization or polyesters produced by polycondensation, etc. In particular, it is advantageous if the outer packaging and the air cushion system are formed from identical thermoplastic materials, which may possibly be identical or differently additized. This means that, for example, both the outer packaging, as well as the air cushion system of the same thermoplastic material, for example, each from

Polypropylene can be formed. Ideally, identical additively thermoplastic materials are used, so that the same materials are used for the outer packaging and the air cushion system.

A particular advantage of the invention is that the packaging system consisting of outer packaging and air cushion system is recyclable and preferably produced in a pure grade and thus the environmental impact is improved not only by multiple use but also by the recyclability of the materials used. To further improve the

Environmental compatibility, the packaging system can be made entirely from renewable raw materials, so-called biopolymers.

In particular, the invention relates to packaging systems, their re-packaging and / or the air cushion system preferably made of thermoplastic

Polymers, in particular selected from the group consisting of a) Polymers of olefins or diolefins, e.g. Polyethylene (LDPE, LLDPE, VLDPE, ULDPE, MDPE, HDPE, UHMWPE), metallocene PE (m-PE), polypropylene, polyisobutylene, poly-4-methyl-pentene-1, polybutadiene,

Polyisoprene, polycyclooctene, polyalkylene-carbon monoxide copolymers, and copolymers in the form of random or block structures such as e.g. Polypropylene-polyethylene (EP), EPM or EPDM, ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), ethylene-acrylic ester, such as e.g. Ethylene-butyl acrylate, ethylene-acrylic acid and its salts (ionomers), as well as terpolymers, such as e.g. Ethylene acrylic acid

Glycidyl acrylate, graft polymers such as polypropylene graft maleic anhydride, polypropylene graft acrylic acid, polyethylene graft acrylic acid, polyethylene polybutyl acrylate graft maleic anhydride, b) polystyrene, polymethylstyrene, polyvinylnaphthalene, styrene-butadiene (SB), styrene Butadiene-styrene (SBS), styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS), styrene Ethylene-propylene-styrene, styrene-isoprene, styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS), styrene-butadiene-acrylonitrile (ABS), styrene-acrylonitrile-acrylate (ASA), styrene-ethylene, styrene-maleic anhydride Including polymers

Graft copolymers such as e.g. Styrene on butadiene, maleic anhydride on SBS or SEBS, as well as graft copolymers of methyl methacrylate, styrene-butadiene and ABS (MABS), c) halogen-containing polymers such as e.g. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polychloroprene and polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride or of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, chlorinated polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, d) polymers of unsaturated esters, e.g. Polyacrylates and polymethacrylates such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), poly-butoxy acrylate, polylauryl acrylate, polystearyl acrylate, polyglycidyl acrylate,

Polyglycidyl methacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylamides, copolymers such as polyacrylonitrile-polyalkyl acrylate, e) polymers of unsaturated alcohols and derivatives such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl butyral, f) polyacetals such as polyoxymethylene POM) or copolymers with eg butanal, g) polyphenylene oxides and blends with polystyrene or polyamides, h) polymers of cyclic ethers such as polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polytetrahydrofuran, i) polyurethanes, hydroxy-terminated polyethers or polyesters and aromatic or aliphatic isocyanates, in particular linear polyurethanes, polyureas, j) polyamides such as Polyamide-6, 6.6, 6.10, 4.6, 4.10, 6.12, 12.12, polyamide 11, polyamide 12 and (partially) aromatic polyamides such as polyphthalamides, for example prepared from terephthalic acid and / or isophthalic acid. and aliphatic diamines or from aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid or sebacic acid and aromatic diamines such as 1,4- or 1,3-diaminobenzene, blends of different polyamides such as PA-6 and PA 6.6 or blends of polyamides and polyolefins such as PA / PP k) polyimides, polyamide-imides, polyetherimides, polyesterimides, poly (ether) ketones, polysulfones, polyethersulfones, polyarylsulfones, poly-phenylene sulfide, polybenzimidazoles, polyhydantoins,

I) polyesters of aliphatic or aromatic dicarboxylic acids and diols or of hydroxy carboxylic acids such as e.g. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polypropylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthylate, poly-1,4-dimethylol-cyclohexane terephthalate, polyhydroxybenzoate, polyhydroxynaphthalate, polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV) m) polycarbonates, Polyestercarbonates, and blends such as PC / ABS, PC / PBT, PC / PET / PBT, PC / PA n) Cellulose derivatives, e.g. Cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate o) and mixtures, combinations or blends of two or more of the aforementioned polymers.

If the polymers specified under a) to o) are copolymers, these may be present in the form of random, block or tapered structures.

If the polymers specified under a) to o) are stereoregular polymers, these may be present in the form of isotactic, stereotactic, but also atactic forms or as stereoblock copolymers.

Furthermore, the polymers specified under a) to o) can have both amorphous and (partly) crystalline morphologies. Possibly. For example, the polyolefins mentioned under a) can also be crosslinked, for example crosslinked polyethylene, which is then referred to as X-PE.

The stated polymers a) to o) can be present not only as virgin material but also in the form of recyclates, e.g. as production waste or recyclables ("post-consumer" recyclates).

In a preferred embodiment of the packaging system according to the invention, thermoplastic olefin homo- or copolymers as well as homo- and copolyamides are used for the production of the packaging.

In a further embodiment, bio-based polymers such as polyethylene furanate (PEF), polybutylene suc-cinate (PBS), polyurethanes based on pentamethylene diisocyanate (PDI) and polylactic acid (PLA) are used to produce the packaging system.

In a further preferred embodiment, the compatible thermoplastics are recycled plastics or recycled plastics. For conceptual definition, reference is made here to the standard DIN EN 15347: 2007, which defines the term plastic recyclate. This definition is also used for the purposes of the present invention.

The recycled plastic is particularly preferably selected from the group consisting of recycled polyesters, in particular recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET), recycled polybutylene terephthalate (rPBT), recycled polylactic acid (rPLA), recycled polyglycolide and / or recycled polycaprolactone; recycled polyolefins, in particular recycled polypropylene (rPP), recycled polyethylene and / or recycled polystyrene (rPS); recycled polyvinyl chloride (rPVC), recycled polyamides, and mixtures and combinations thereof.

For many plastic recyclates, there are relevant international standards. For PET plastic recyclates, for example, DIN EN 15353: 2007 is relevant. PS recyclates are described in more detail in DIN EN 15342: 2008. PE recyclates are treated in DIN EN 15344: 2008. PP recyclates are characterized in DIN EN 15345: 2008. PVC recyclates are in DIN EN 15346: 2015 specified. For the purpose of the corresponding special plastic recyclates, the present patent application makes use of the definitions of these international standards. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the compatible thermoplastics are recyclable and can be reused without separation as part of the packaging.

In particular, the compatible thermoplastics include antioxidants and light stabilizers as additives.

In particular, suitable as additive stabilizers which prevent pre-damage of the polymers used and allow high-quality material recycling, which at the same time is a cost-effective material available.

In addition, the thermoplastics may include other additives, especially selected from the group consisting of UV absorbers, the light stabilizers, the stabilizers, the hydroxylamines, the benzofuranones, the metal deactivators, the filler deactivators, the

Flame retardants, nucleating agents, impact modifiers, plasticizers, lubricants, rheology modifiers, processing aids, mold release agents, pigments, dyes, fillers, reinforcing agents, optical brighteners, antimicrobial agents, antistatics, slip agents, anti-blocking agents, coupling agents, chain extender,

Dispersants, compatibilizers, oxygen scavengers, acid scavengers, marking agents, antifogging agents and mixtures and combinations of at least two of the aforementioned additives. In a preferred embodiment, the thermoplastics contain in particular stabilizers from the group of phenolic antioxidants and the phosphites and / or light stabilizers from the group of hindered amines (HALS) and / or dispersants and / or fillers / reinforcing agents and / or chain extenders and / or impact modifiers. fikatoren. Suitable light stabilizers, for example compounds on the basis of 2- (2 ^{'hydroxyphenyl)} benzotriazoles are, 2-hydroxybenzophenones, esters of benzoic acids, acrylates, oxamides, and 2- (2-hydroxyphenyl) -l, 3,5-triazines.

Suitable phenolic antioxidants are, for example:

Octadecyl 3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, pentaerythritol tetrakis [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate]. di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) isocyanurate, 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) isocyanurate, 1, 3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) benzene, triethylene glycol bis [3- (3-yl-butyl-4 -hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) propionate, N, N'-hexane-l, 6-diyl-bis [3- (3,5-di-ieri-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid amide.

Suitable phosphites / phosphonites are, for example:

Triphenylphosphite, diphenylalkylphosphites, phenyldialkylphosphites, tri (nonylphenyl) phosphite, trilaurylphosphites, trioctadecylphosphite, distearylpentaerythritol diphosphite, tris (2,4-di-ieri-butylphenyl) phosphite, diisodecylpentaerythritol diphosphite, bis (2,4-di-ieri -butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis (2,4-di-cumylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis (2,6-di-ieri-butyl-4-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, diisodecyloxy-pentaerythritol di-phosphite, bis (2,4-di -ieri-butyl-6-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis (2,4,6-tris (ieri-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, tristearylsorbitol tri-phosphite, tetrakis (2,4-di-ieri-butylphenyl) -4,4 '-biphenylenediphosphonite, 6-isoctyloxy-2,4,8,10-tetra-ieri-butyl-12H-dibenzo [d, g] -l, 3,2-dioxaphosphocine, bis (2,4-di-ieri-butyl -6-methylphenyl) -methylphosphite, bis (2,4-di-ieri-butyl-6-methylphenyl) ethyl phosphite, 6-fluoro-2,4,8,10-tetra-ieri-butyl-12-methyl-di- benz [d, g] -1,3,2-dioxaphosphocine, 2,2'2 "-nitrilo [triethyltris (3,3", 5,5'-tet tert-butyl-1, 1'-biphenyl-2,2'-diyl) phosphite], 2-ethylhexyl (3,3 ', 5,5'-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1'-biphenyl) 2,2'-diyl)) phosphite, 5-butyl-5-ethyl-2- (2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenoxy) -l, 3,2-dioxaphosphirane.

Further suitable stabilizers are aminic antioxidants, such as N, N'-di-isopropyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-bis (1,4-dimethylpentyl) -p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-bis (1-ethyl-3-methylpentyl) -p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-bis (1-methylheptyl) -p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-dicyclohexyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N'-bis (2-naphthyl) -p-phenylenediamine, N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p - phenylenediamine, N- (l, 3-dimethylbutyl) -N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N- (1-methylheptyl) -N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-cyclohexyl-N'-phenyl- p-phenylenediamine, 4- (p-toluenesulfamoyl) diphenylamine, N, N'-dimethyl-N, N'-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine, diphenylamine, N-allyldiphenylamine, 4-isopropoxydiphenylamine, N-phenyl-1 naphthylamine, N- (4-tert-octylphenyl) -1-naphthylamine, N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine, octylated diphenylamine, eg p, p'-di-tert-octyldiphenylamine, 4-n-butylaminophenol, 4-butyrylamino phenol, 4-nonanoylaminophenol, 4-dodecanoylaminophenol, 4-octadecanylamino-phenol, bis (4-methoxyphenyl) amine, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-dimethylaminomethyl-phenol, 2,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4 '4'-Diaminodiphenylmethane, N, N, N', N'-tetra-methyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 1,2-bis [(2-methylphenyl) amino] ethane, 1, 2 Bis (phenylamino) propane, (o-tolyl) biguanide, bis [4- (1 ', 3'-di methylbutyl) phenyl] amine, tert-octylated N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine, a mixture of mono- and dialkylated ieri-butyl / ieri-octyldiphenylamines, a mixture of mono- and dialkylated nonyldiphenylamines, a mixture of mono- and dialkylated dodecyldiphenylamines, a mixture of mono- and dialkylated isopropyl / isohexyl-diphenylamines, a mixture of mono- and dialkylated te / t-butyldiphenylamines, 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-4H-1,4-benzothiazine, phenothiazine, a mixture from mono- and dialkylated tert-butyl / tert-octylphenothiazines, a mixture of mono- and dialkylated tert.-octylphenothiazines, N-allylphenothiazine, Ν, Ν, Ν ', Ν'-tetraphenyl-l, 4- diaminobut-2-ene and mixtures or combinations thereof.

Further suitable aminic antioxidants are hydroxylamines or N-oxides (nitrones), e.g. Ν, Ν-dialkylhydroxylamine, N, N-dibenzylhydroxylamine, N, N-dilaurylhydroxylamine, Ν, Ν-distearylhydroxylamine, N-benzyl-a-phenylnitrone, N-octadecyl-a-hexadecylnitrone, and Genox EP (addivant) according to the Formula:

Other suitable stabilizers are thiosynergists. Suitable thiosynergists are, for example, distearyl thiodipropionate, dilauryl dipropionate or the compound according to the following formula:

Further suitable stabilizers, especially for polyamides, are copper salts, e.g. Copper (I) iodide, copper (I) bromide or copper complexes such as e.g. Triphenylphosphine-copper (I) complexes.

Suitable hindered amines are, for example, 1,1-bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) succinate, bis (l, 2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebazate, bis (l octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, bis (l, 2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) -n-butyl-3,5-di-tert- butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl malonate, the condensation product of 1- (2-hydroxyethyl) -2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxy-piperidine and succinic acid, linear or cyclic condensation products of N, N'-bis (2, 2 , 6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) hexamethylenediamine and 4- ieri-octylamino-2,6-dichloro-1, 3,5-triazine, tris (2, 2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) nitrilotriacetate, tetrakis (2, 2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) -l, 2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylate, 1,1'-l, 2-ethanediyl-bis (3,3,5, 5-tetramethylpiperazinone), 4-benzoyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4-stearyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, linear or cyclic condensation products

N, N'-bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) hexamethylenediamine; and 4-morpholino-2,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, the reaction product of 7.7.9.9 Tetramethyl-2-cycloundecyl-1-oxa-3,8-diaza-4-oxospiro- [4,5] decane and epichlorohydrin.

Particularly preferred hindered amines have the following structures:



Preferred oligomeric and polymeric hindered amines have the following structures:

In the structures shown above, n is an integer, which is typically in the range between 3 and 100, preferably between 5 and 25.

Suitable dispersants are, for example:

Polyacrylates, e.g. Copolymers with long-chain side groups, polyacrylate

Block copolymers, alkylamides: for example N, N'-1,2-ethanediylbisoctadecanamide sorbitan esters, eg monostearyl sorbitan esters, titanates and zirconates, reactive copolymers with functional groups, for example polypropylene-co-acrylic acid, polypropylene-co-maleic anhydride, polyethylene-co-glycidyl methacrylate, Polystyrene-old-maleic anhydride-polysiloxanes: for example dimethylsilanediol-ethylene oxide copolymer, polyphenylsiloxane copolymer, amphiphilic copolymers: z. B. Polyethylene block polyethylene oxide, dendrimers, eg hydroxyl-containing dendrimers.

Suitable metal deactivators are, for example, Ν, Ν'-diphenyloxamide, N-salicylal-N'-salicyloylhydrazine, N, N'-bis (salicyloyl) hydrazine, N, N'-bis (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-) hydroxyphenylpropionyl) hydrazine, 3-salicyloylamino-1, 2,4-triazole, bis (benzylidene) oxalyldihydrazide, oxanilide, isophthaloyl dihydrazide, sebacoyl bisphenyl hydrazide, Ν, Ν'-diacetyl adipoyl dihydrazide, N, N'-bis (salicyloyl) oxylyl dihydrazide, N , N'-bis thiopropionyl dihydrazide (salicyloyl).

Suitable chain extenders for the linear molecular weight buildup of polycondensation polymers such as polyesters or polyamides are, for example, diepoxides, bisoxazolines, bisoxazolones, bisoxazines, diisocyanates, dianhydrides, bisacyl lactams, bismaleimides, dicyanates, carbodiimides. Further suitable chain extenders are polymeric compounds such as e.g. Polystyrene-polyacrylate-polyglycidyl (meth) acrylate copolymers, polystyrene-maleic anhydride copolymers and polyethylene-maleic anhydride copolymers. Suitable pigments may be inorganic or organic in nature. Examples of suitable inorganic pigments are titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, zinc sulfide, iron oxide, ultramarine, carbon black. Suitable organic pigments are, for example, anthraquinones, anthanthrones, benzimidazolones, quinacridones, diketopyrrolopyrroles, dioxazines, indanthrones, isoindolinones, azo compounds, perylenes, phthalocyanines or pyranthrones. Other suitable pigments are metal-based effect pigments or metal oxide-based pearlescent pigments.

Suitable filler deactivators are, for example, epoxides such as e.g. Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, polysiloxanes, polyacrylates in particular

Block copolymers such as polymethacrylic acid-polyalkylene oxide or polystyrene-polyacrylate-polyglycidyl (meth) acrylate copolymers.

Suitable antistatic agents are, for example, ethoxylated alkylamines, fatty acid esters, alkylsulfonates and polymers, for example polyetheramides or copolymers which contain salts of acrylic acid, for example polyethylene-polyacrylate Na polyacrylate copolymers.

Suitable fillers and reinforcing agents are, for example, synthetic or natural materials such as e.g. Calcium carbonate, silicates, glass fibers, glass beads (solid or hollow), talc, mica, kaolin, barium sulfate, metal oxides and metal hydroxides, carbon black, graphite, carbon nanotubes, graphene, wood flour or fibers of natural products such as e.g. Cellulose or synthetic fibers, as well as metal fibers. Other suitable fillers are hydrotalcites or zeolites or phyllosilicates, e.g. Montmorillonite, bentonite, beidelite, mica, hectorite, saponite, vermiculite, ledikite, magadite, lllite,

Kaolinite, wollastonite, attapulgite, sepiolite.

Suitable impact modifiers are, for example, rubber-elastic polymers. In general, these are copolymers which are preferably composed of at least two of the following monomers:

Ethylene, propylene, butadiene, isobutene, isoprene, chloroprene, vinyl acetate, styrene, acrylonitrile and acrylic or methacrylic acid esters having 1 to 18 C-25 atoms in the alcohol component. In the following some preferred types of such elastomers are presented. Preferred types of such elastomers are the so-called ethylene-propylene (EPM) or ethylene propylene-diene (EPDM) rubbers. EPM rubbers generally have practically no double bonds, while EPDM rubbers can have 1 to 20 double bonds / 100 carbon atoms. As diene monomers for EPDM rubbers, for example, conjugated dienes such as isoprene and butadiene, non-conjugated dienes having 5 to 25 carbon atoms such as penta-l, 4-diene, hexa-1,4-diene, hexa-l, 5 -diene, 2,5-dimethylhexa-l, 5-diene and octa-l, 4-diene, cyclic dienes such as cyclopentadienes, cyclohexadienes, cyclooctadienes and dicyclopentadienes, and also alkenylnorbornenes such as 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene, 5-butylidene-2 norbornene, 2-methallyl-5-norbornene, 2-isopropenyl-5-norbornene and tricyclodienes such as 3-methyl-tricyclo (5.2.1.0.2.6) -3,8-decadiene or mixtures thereof. Preference is given to hexa-1, 5-diene, 5-ethylidenenorbornene and dicyclopenta diene. The diene content of the EPDM rubbers is preferably from 0.5 to 50, in particular from 1 to 8,% by weight, based on the total weight of the rubber. EPM or EPDM rubbers may preferably also be grafted with reactive carboxylic acids or their derivatives. Here, for example, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and derivatives thereof, for example glycidyl (meth) acrylate, and maleic anhydride may be mentioned. Another group of preferred rubbers are copolymers of ethylene with acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid and / or the esters of these acids. In addition, the rubbers may also contain dicarboxylic acids such as maleic acid and fumaric acid or derivatives of these acids, for example esters and anhydrides, and / or monomers containing epoxy groups.

Basically, homogeneously constructed elastomers or those with a shell structure can be used. The shell-like structure is determined by the order of addition of the individual monomers; the morphology of the polymers is also influenced by this order of additions.

By way of example, as monomers for the preparation of the rubber portion of the elastomers, acrylates such as e.g. N-butyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, corresponding methacrylates, butadiene and isoprene and their mixtures called. These monomers may be reacted with other monomers such as e.g. Styrene, acrylonitrile, vinyl ethers and other acrylates or methacrylates such as methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate and propyl acrylate are copolymerized.

Silicone rubbers and fluororubbers are also preferred.

In another preferred embodiment, the polymers used may include labeling agents or indicators. Marking agents are used, for example, to detect the origin of a plastic, examples of marking agents are fluorescent dyes or rare earths or combinations thereof. Examples of indicators are thermochromic additives which, for example, irreversibly change color during a temperature transition, for example to ensure an uninterrupted cold chain, or photochromic additives which change the color under the influence of light in order to exclude the influence of light, for example during a transport process of sensitive goods. Indicators or markers can be used directly in the plastic used or only selectively. Other preferred plastic compositions suitable for the present packaging system include additives that prevent electrostatic or electrostatic discharge. These additives are essentially additives that increase the conductivity of plastics, for example conductive carbon black, carbon nanotubes, single or multiwall, graphene or conductive polymers such as polyaniline, polyacetylene or polypyrrole.

The thermoplastics used for the purposes of the present invention can be prepared by methods known per se, by mixing the starting components in conventional mixing devices such as screw extruders, Brabender mills or Banbury mills and then extruded. After extrusion, the extrudate can be cooled and comminuted.

It is also possible to premix individual components and then to add the remaining starting materials individually and / or likewise mixed.

The packaging system according to the invention can be printed or dyed. For coloring a dye and / or color pigment can be used as an additive.

Recyclability of the packaging system through material recycling is achieved by using polymers that are compatible with the different requirements of the outer packaging and the air cushion system, and preferably identical polymer classes, ie. single-grade polymers are used for both requirements. For example, For example, an impact-modified polypropylene injection molding grade for overpacking can be combined with a polypropylene film material for the bubble wrap.

Particularly preferred combinations are (in each case re-packaging / film material):

PP / PP, PP / metallocene PP, metallocene PP / metallocene PP, PP with filler fen / PP, PP with glass fibers / PP HDPE / LDPE, HDPE / LLDPE, HDPE / HDPE, HDPE / metallocene PE, metallocene PE / metallocene PE, PLA / PLA, PA-6 glass fiber reinforced / P A-6, PA -6.6 glass fiber reinforced / PA-6.6, PA-6 filled / PA-6, PET glass fiber reinforced / PET, PVC / PVC, PC / PET

Very particularly preferred combinations consist of similar polyolefins, e.g. PP / PP, HDPE / HDPE.

Another element for the recyclability of the packaging system is that the polymers used contain the addition of stabilizers. These stabilizers are chosen so that when using the packaging system over a period of at least 5 years, the stabilizers largely prevent pre-damage of the plastic under normal conditions of use. A pre-damage of the plastic must be avoided, since it suffers the recyclability. Therefore, the polymers of the outer packaging and of the bubble wrap film preferably contain more than 0.1% of antioxidants and more than 0.1% of hindered amines, more preferably 0.15% -0.5% of phenolic antioxidants and 0.15-0.5%. hindered amines of the above Structures.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the outer packaging with air po Istersystem mounted therein is collapsible in a storage condition and deployed in a packaging state, wherein the packaging system in the storage state has a smaller volume than in the packaging state.

When not in use or empty transport, the packaging system can be folded flat and thus a dense Stapelart be achieved, resulting in an effective utilization of the storage or transport volume. For the manufacture of collapsible or collapsible packages, various systems are known, e.g. Plug systems and systems with hinges known in the art.

Preferably, each of the inner sides of the outer packaging is equipped with an air cushioning system. The packaging system may have a prismatic outer contour, in particular a straight prismatic outer contour, the prism preferably having a rectangular, square or hexagonal base. A particularly preferred geometric shape of the packaging systems is a cuboid or a straight hexagonal prism.

It is preferred if the outer packaging has the form of a box open on one side or the form of a closable box with removable lid. The lid can z. B. may be arranged on the upper side.

The air po Istersystem can preferably be filled by means of at least one valve with a gas.

It is particularly advantageous in this case if the valve is guided through the wall of the outer packaging, so that a filling of the air cushion system from the outer side of the packaging system is made possible. Several valves may also be suitable, e.g. on several sides of the wall or in the wall and cover. Furthermore, valves of different types can be used, e.g. one or more valves for filling and one or more valves for venting. Preferably, the valves are also made of plastic. Preferably, the valves close to the plastic wall or are retractable to prevent damage during stacking and transport.

In particular, the air cushion system is formed from a film having a puncture resistance, measured according to DIN EN 14477: 2004-06 of at least

100 N, preferably at least 200 N, and / or a thickness of 100 to 1000 μιη and / or a water vapor permeability, measured according to DIN EN ISO 15106-x: 2005 of a maximum of 20 cm ³ / (m ^' 24h ^' bar), preferably at most 10 cm ³ / (m ^{2 '} 24h ^' bar), more preferably at most 5 cm ³ / (m ^{2 '} 24h ^' bar), and / or has a separate gas barrier layer.

Preferably, the air cushion system is divided into individual chambers, which are preferably in fluid communication with each other and thereby can be filled together, wherein the chambers each have a chamber volume of 10 to 2000 ml. According to a further preferred embodiment, the Luftpolstersytem is formed by a double-walled film, wherein the chambers are arranged between the two walls of the film. Alternatively, the air cushioning system is connected by a single-walled film, which is hermetically sealed circumferentially connected to the inner wall of the outer packaging to form the chambers.

The air cushion system can preferably be permanently or reversibly connected to the inner wall of the outer packaging, for example welded or adhesively bonded. Due to the direct and firm connection of the Luftpol stersyste ms with the outer packaging unwanted separation of air cushion system and outer packaging can be avoided. The solid compound may e.g. by gluing or welding, e.g. Laser welding can be achieved.

A further preferred embodiment of the packaging system according to the invention provides that the outer packaging has a base arranged in a packaging state at the bottom, which has circumferential means which, when stacking a plurality of identical packaging systems one above the other, prevent translation of the packaging system relative to one another, wherein the means or the means in particular are formed as notches.

The present invention also relates to methods for packaging piece goods by means of a packaging system according to the present invention, in which the piece goods are introduced into the interior of the packaging system according to the invention, wherein the air cushion system is filled before, during and / or after introduction of the piece goods with a gas. Preferably, the gas is filled with an overpressure relative to the atmospheric pressure of 0.1 to 5 bar, more preferably 1 to 2 bar.

The loading and deflation of the bubble wrap can be done via standard valves that are connected to the bubble wrap. In this case, air, nitrogen or any other inert gas can be used as filling gas. In this case, the packaging system is brought from the storage state into the packaging state and then the piece goods are introduced into the packaging system and / or after removal of the piece goods from the packaging system, the packaging system is brought from the packaging state to the storage condition especially before introducing the piece goods

The packaging system according to the invention is characterized in particular in that it encloses at least partially the outer shape of the packaged goods and in a preferred form. Preferably, the weight of the material to be packaged is at least 100 g, preferably at least 250 g, more preferably at least 500 g and most preferably 1 kg. In a preferred embodiment of the packaging system according to the invention, the weight of the packaged goods is at least 3 kg, preferably at least 5 kg, particularly preferably 10 kg and very particularly at least 20 kg.

Furthermore, the packaging system may contain additional items required for transportation and logistics, such as: b. Barcodes, Q.R codes, RFID tags or transponders.

Due to its properties, the packaging system is especially suitable for packaging and transporting general cargo in all branches of industry and trade, and for transport between companies; especially in penal transport, transports between companies and end users

Transport in public service and utilities, transport in health care and logistics companies. The packaging system serves in particular for the secure and protected packaging of goods such as e.g. of parts and spare parts from the transport industry (automobile, train, plane, ship), mechanical engineering, agriculture,

Construction industry, electrical and electronics industry, energy industry, with the help of conductive packaging for the protection of electronic and electrical parts such as solar modules or circuit boards and as dangerous goods packaging of goods such as gases, flammable materials and airbags, as well as the transport of mail pieces, food, pharmaceuticals, chemical Articles, textile and clothing, glass, porcelain and ceramic articles, medical devices and art objects.

The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following statements, without restricting the invention to the exemplary facts.

Figure 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a packaging system according to the invention in the form of a closable box. The packaging system has an outer packaging 1 which has the shape of a cuboid box 3 '. The box 3 'can be closed with a lid 3 ", which may also be designed to be detachable from the box 3' on the inside .. On the inside, each of the walls of the box 3 'has an air cushioning system 2 which is connected to the inside wall of the box. The air cushion system 2 is designed to be inflatable by means of a valve 4 which is guided through the wall of the box 3. In the case of Figure 1, the air cushion system 2 has balloon-like chambers which are in fluid communication with one another and can thus be filled simultaneously. The air cushion system 2 is mounted on all inner sides of the box 3 ', and the lid 3 "also has a corresponding air poer system 2. The air cushion system of the box 3' and the lid 3" is preferably unanimous, so that a simultaneous filling of the air cushion system 2 the box 3 'and the lid 3 "is possible.

FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of a packaging system according to the invention. Shown is a perspective into the interior of the box 3 ', in which to pack the piece goods (not shown) can be inserted. The packaging system is designed analogously to the packaging system shown in FIG. In contrast to the packaging system shown in Figure 1, the chambers of the air cushion system 2 are not balloon-like, but rib-like. 2, a web 2 'can also be seen, via which the air space of the air cushion system 2 of the box 3' and the lid 3 "are in fluid communication with one another. Via the valve 4, a similar filling of the air pole can therefore be achieved 2 in the box 3 'and in the lid 3 "done.

FIG. 3 shows how piece goods 5 are inserted into the packaging system. can be brought and secured for transport. Here, cargo 5, for example, a vase in the box 3 'is inserted and the air cushion system 2 is filled via the valve 4 on the outside of the wall with air. The air supplied by means of the valve 4 uniformly fills the air chambers d3s air cushion system 2 on the insides of the box 3 'and the lid 3 "and securely encloses the parcel 5. The box 3' is filled with air when the lid 3" is closed or opened , With the cover 3 "open, a lattice-like hinged device closing off at the upper edges of the box 3 'limits the expansion of the air cushions beyond the upper edge of the cover When the box 3' folds / folds, the air escapes from the opened valve 4.

Claims

claims

1. Packaging system, comprising or consisting of an outer packaging (1) and an air cushion system (2), which is at least partially attached to the inner sides of the outer packaging (1), d a d u r c h e c e n e c e n e, d a s s

the outer packaging (1) and the air cushioning system (2) are made of compatible thermoplastics.

2. Packaging system according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer packaging (1) and the air cushion system (2) made of thermoplastic polymers of identical polymer classes is formed.

3. Packaging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer packaging (1) and the air cushion system (2) of identical thermoplastic materials, which may be optionally identical or different additized formed.

4. Packaging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer packaging (1) mounted therein with air po Istersystem (2) collapsible in a storage condition and in a packaging state is unfolded, wherein the packaging system in the storage condition has a smaller volume than in the packaging state ,

5. Packaging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the inner sides of the outer packaging (1) is equipped with an air cushion system (2).

6. Packaging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the packaging system has a prismatic outer contour, in particular a straight prismatic outer ßeren outline, wherein the prism preferably has a rectangular, square or hexagonal base.

Packaging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer packaging (1) has the shape of a box (3 ') open on one side or the form of a closable box with removable lid (3 ").

Packaging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air cushion system (2) by means of at least one valve (4) can be filled with a gas.

Packaging system according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the valve (4) through the wall of the outer package (1) is guided.

Packaging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air cushioning system (2) is formed from a film which

a puncture resistance measured according to DIN EN 14477: 2004-06 of at least 100 N, preferably at least 200 N, and / or a thickness of 100 to 1000 μιη and / or

a water vapor permeability, measured according to DIN EN ISO 15106-1: 2005 of not more than 20 cm ³ / (m ^' 24h ^' bar), preferably not more than 10 cm ³ / (m ^{2 '} 24h ^' bar), particularly preferably not more than 5 cm ³ / ( m ^' 24h ^' bar), and / or

a separate gas barrier layer

having.

Packaging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air cushion system (2) is subdivided into individual chambers, which are preferably in fluid communication with each other and can be filled together, wherein the chambers each have a chamber volume of 10 to 2000 ml.

Packaging system according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the chambers of the air cushion system (2) are formed by a double-walled film, wherein the chambers are arranged between the two walls of the film, or a single-walled film, the hermetically sealed circumferentially with the inner wall of the outer package ( 1) is connected to form the chambers.

Packaging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air cushion system (2) with the inner wall of the outer packaging (1) is permanently or reversibly connected, for example, welded or glued.

Packaging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer packaging (1) has a base arranged in a packaging state at the bottom, which has peripherally means which, when stacking a plurality of identical packaging systems one above the other, prevent translation of the packaging system relative to one another, wherein the one or more means in particular special are designed as notches.

Packaging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compatible thermoplastic art materials are recyclable and can be reused without separation as part of the packaging.

Packaging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compatible thermoplastic synthetic materials include antioxidants and light stabilizers as additives.

17. Packaging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compatible thermoplastics are recycled plastics.

18. A method for packaging piece goods (5) by means of a packaging system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the piece goods is introduced into the interior of the packaging system, wherein the air po Istersystem (2) before, during and / or after introduction of the Piece goods are filled with a gas.

19. The method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the gas is filled with an overpressure relative to the atmospheric pressure of 0.1 to 5 bar, preferably 1 to 2 bar.

20. The method according to one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that brought before introduction of the piece goods (5), the packaging system from the storage condition in the packaging state and then the cargo is introduced into the packaging system and / or after removal of the piece goods from the packaging system Packaging system is brought from the packaging state in the storage condition.