WO2018157595A1 - 触摸屏频点校准装置及方法、触摸屏和显示装置 - Google Patents

触摸屏频点校准装置及方法、触摸屏和显示装置 Download PDF

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WO2018157595A1
WO2018157595A1 PCT/CN2017/104175 CN2017104175W WO2018157595A1 WO 2018157595 A1 WO2018157595 A1 WO 2018157595A1 CN 2017104175 W CN2017104175 W CN 2017104175W WO 2018157595 A1 WO2018157595 A1 WO 2018157595A1
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Prior art keywords
touch screen
calibration
capacitance
frequency point
sensing
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PCT/CN2017/104175
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙继刚
孙伟
陈鹏骏
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Ordos Yuansheng Optoelectronics Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Ordos Yuansheng Optoelectronics Co Ltd
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Priority to US16/062,953 priority Critical patent/US11112912B2/en
Publication of WO2018157595A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018157595A1/zh
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0416—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
    • G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
    • G01R27/2605—Measuring capacitance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/22—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing
    • G06F11/2205—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing using arrangements specific to the hardware being tested
    • G06F11/2221—Detection or location of defective computer hardware by testing during standby operation or during idle time, e.g. start-up testing using arrangements specific to the hardware being tested to test input/output devices or peripheral units
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0416—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
    • G06F3/0418—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers for error correction or compensation, e.g. based on parallax, calibration or alignment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0412—Digitisers structurally integrated in a display

Definitions

  • the present disclosure belongs to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a touch screen frequency point calibration device, a touch screen frequency point calibration method, a touch screen, and a display device.
  • the touch screen provides a new type of human-computer interaction input, especially the combination of touch screen and flat panel display provides a better control experience for people.
  • the most commonly used combination of the touch screen and the display substrate is the In-cell mode, which is a mode in which the touch circuit is embedded in the pixels of the display substrate.
  • the touch panel of the In-cell mode includes a touch IC and a transmitting electrode and a receiving electrode connected to the touch chip, and a sensing capacitor is formed between the transmitting electrode and the receiving electrode.
  • Each touch chip determines whether there is a finger touch by the amount of capacitance change between the two plates of the sensing capacitor. It is also necessary to calibrate the sensing capacitance according to the application environment of the touch screen.
  • the touch screen In the working process of the touch screen, the touch screen can only work at one frequency point at a certain time, and the selection of the frequency point needs to be realized by frequency hopping.
  • Touch screen products using In-cell mode will inevitably be affected by the external environment. These effects include noise caused by charging. Therefore, the selection of frequency hopping becomes a key step in the debugging process of the touch screen. .
  • the capacitance of the sensing capacitor at the current frequency will become larger, and the touch chip will automatically select other frequency points (ie, frequency hopping), specifically selecting a frequency point that is less subject to external interference. Work to achieve anti-interference purposes.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to provide a touch screen frequency point calibration device and method, a touch screen and a display device, which at least partially solve the problem that the sensing capacitance of the touch screen is different for different environments.
  • the problem of automatic calibration of the capacitance values of different frequency points is to provide a touch screen frequency point calibration device and method, a touch screen and a display device, which at least partially solve the problem that the sensing capacitance of the touch screen is different for different environments.
  • the present disclosure provides a touch screen frequency point calibration device for automatically calibrating the capacitance values of the sensing capacitors in the touch screen at different working frequency points, including a calibration module and a comparison module, wherein:
  • the calibration module is respectively connected to the sensing capacitor and the comparison module, for transmitting a calibration excitation signal to the touch screen to initiate calibration work of different frequency points, and according to a comparison result of the comparison module, Calibrating the sensing capacitor in the touch screen;
  • the comparison module is configured to compare a preset capacitance with a sensing capacitance of a current working frequency point in the touch screen, obtain a comparison result, and feed back the comparison result to the calibration module, so that the calibration module
  • the capacitance of the sensing capacitor is calibrated to a capacitance that matches the current operating frequency.
  • the comparison module includes a plurality of comparison units in parallel, each of the comparison units is respectively connected to a corresponding sensing capacitor of the touch screen, and the comparison unit returns a current working frequency point to the calibration module.
  • the calibration module calibrates the capacitance of each sensing capacitor at the current operating frequency.
  • each of the comparing units includes a comparator, a feedback capacitor, and a grounding capacitor, and the comparator is configured to compare the preset capacitor with a sensing capacitor of a current operating frequency point in the touch screen, where the feedback capacitor is used. The comparison result is fed back to the calibration module.
  • the preset value of the feedback capacitor is equal to an average value of initial values of feedback capacitors at respective operating frequency points.
  • the feedback capacitor is a variable capacitor.
  • the operating frequency of the touch screen includes two to six frequency points in different frequency bands.
  • the operating frequency of the touch screen is three frequency points, and the three frequency points are respectively located at a low frequency, an intermediate frequency, and a high frequency.
  • the calibration excitation signal sent by the calibration module to the touch screen is a plurality of square wave signals having different timings, and a pulse width of each square wave signal is matched with a corresponding working frequency point.
  • the calibration module is further configured to perform preliminary calibration on a capacitance value of the sensing capacitor in the touch screen at different frequency points, where the comparison module is further configured to sense the preset capacitance and the current working frequency point after the preliminary calibration. The capacitors are compared and the comparison is fed back to the calibration module.
  • the present disclosure also provides a touch screen frequency point calibration method, including the following steps:
  • the sensing capacitor is compensated according to a difference in capacitance between the preset capacitor and the sensing capacitor of the current operating frequency to calibrate the capacitance of the sensing capacitor to a capacitance matching the current operating frequency.
  • the calibration excitation signal transmitted to the touch screen is a plurality of square wave signals having different timings, and a pulse width of each square wave signal is matched with a corresponding working frequency point.
  • the method further includes: performing preliminary calibration on the capacitance values of the sensing capacitors in the touch screen for different working frequency points;
  • the step of establishing the correspondence between the sensing capacitors of the working frequency points and the preset capacitors is specifically: establishing a correspondence relationship between the sensing capacitors and the preset capacitors after the preliminary calibration of each working frequency point.
  • the present disclosure also provides a touch screen including a plurality of sensing capacitors, and further comprising the touch screen frequency point calibrating device described above.
  • the present disclosure also provides a display device including the touch panel described above.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit principle of a touch screen frequency point calibration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit principle of a touch screen according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • touch screen frequency point calibration apparatus and method the touch screen and the display apparatus of the present disclosure are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a touch screen frequency point calibration apparatus and a corresponding touch screen frequency point calibration method, which can be used for the current touch screen without automatic calibration function, or can only perform no distinction and uniform calibration on the touch screen, and target different environments. Automatically calibrating the capacitance of the touch screen at different frequency points, thereby providing a function of automatically calibrating the capacitance of the touch screen at different frequency points, so that the touch screen is at each frequency point.
  • the calibration frequency is consistent.
  • the touch screen is touch-sensitive by setting a touch IC.
  • each touch chip has its own FW (Firmware) and presets differently.
  • the frequency hopping should be performed according to the panel characteristics of different module factories, and the frequency of the general frequency hopping is also selected according to the display substrate characteristics of different module factories.
  • a relatively intuitive understanding of frequency hopping is that, because the thickness of each layer in the touch screen is different, the dielectric constant of each layer is different, so the capacitance of the sensing capacitor will also be different; therefore, the touch is Preset multiple scanning frequencies before scanning, and select them in these bands when interference is encountered to achieve the best frequency of noise immunity.
  • the frequency hopping of each touch chip will include three or so frequencies, and the three left and right frequencies can avoid the noise interference of the touch screen from 100 Hz to 400 kHz in the full frequency band.
  • the touch screen frequency point calibration device is configured to automatically calibrate the capacitance values of the sensing capacitors in the touch screen at different operating frequency points, including the calibration module 1 and Compare module 2, where:
  • the calibration module 1 is respectively connected to the sensing capacitor and the comparison module 2 for transmitting a calibration excitation signal to the touch screen to start calibration work of different frequency points, and calibrating the sensing capacitance in the touch screen according to the comparison result of the comparison module 2;
  • the comparison module 2 is configured to compare the preset capacitance with the sensing capacitance of the current working frequency point in the touch screen, obtain a comparison result, and feed back the comparison result to the calibration module 1, so that the calibration module 1 calibrates the capacitance of the sensing capacitor to The capacitance matching the current working frequency, that is, the capacitance of the preset capacitor.
  • the touch screen frequency point calibration device provides a function of differentially calibrating the capacitance of the touch screen at different frequency points.
  • the comparison module 2 includes a plurality of comparison units in parallel, each comparison unit is respectively connected with a sensing capacitor in the touch screen, and the comparison unit returns the capacitance value difference of the sensing capacitance at the current working frequency point to the calibration module 1 to make the calibration module 1 Calibrate the capacitance of each sensing capacitor at the current operating frequency.
  • the electrode plate forming the sensing capacitor is connected to the input end of the touch chip, so the comparison module 2 can be connected to each input end of the touch chip.
  • each comparison unit calibrates the capacitance value of a corresponding sensing capacitor under the current operating frequency point, thereby providing a sensing capacitor for the touch screen at different frequency points.
  • the capacitance value performs a differentiated automatic calibration function.
  • the calibration module 1 is further configured to perform preliminary calibration on the capacitance values of the sensing capacitors in the touch screen at different frequency points
  • the comparison module 2 is further configured to compare the preset capacitance with the sensing capacitance of the current working frequency point after the preliminary calibration. And the comparison result is fed back to the calibration module 1.
  • the capacitance and the voltage have a certain corresponding relationship, and the capacitance of the sensing capacitor at a certain operating frequency is essentially another manifestation of the voltage, so the capacitance can be achieved by calibrating the voltage.
  • the reference voltage Vref (the reference voltage Vref is a voltage corresponding to the preset capacitance) corresponding to the sensing capacitance of each working frequency point is preset, and the sensing capacitor after preliminary calibration by the calibration module 1 is used.
  • the voltage is compared with a preset reference voltage Verf, and the voltage of the sensing capacitor is compensated so that the capacitance is calibrated to the final expectation The value (that is, the capacitance of the preset capacitor).
  • Each of the comparison units includes a comparator 21 (B1, B2, B3 in FIG. 1), a feedback capacitor 22 (C1, C2, C3 in FIG. 1), and a grounding capacitor 23 (C4 in FIG. 1, C5, C6), the positive input terminal of the comparator 21 is respectively connected with one end of the feedback capacitor 22 and one end of the grounding capacitor 23, the negative input terminal of the comparator 21 is connected with the reference voltage Vref, and the other end of the feedback capacitor 22 is compared with The output of the comparator 21 is connected, the other end of the grounding capacitor 23 is grounded, and the output of the comparator 21 is connected to the sensing capacitor.
  • a differential automatic calibration of the capacitance of the sensing capacitor in the touch screen is performed at each operating frequency point.
  • the operating frequency of the touch screen can include two to six frequency points in different frequency bands, so that the sensing capacitor can be provided with a differentiated automatic calibration function according to different frequency points.
  • the operating frequency of the touch screen includes three frequency points in different frequency bands, the three frequency points are respectively located in the low frequency, the intermediate frequency and the high frequency, and the capacitance values of the sensing capacitors of the three frequency points are automatically calibrated. It achieves accurate calibration and coordination of the sensing capacitors in different frequency regions.
  • the self-contained calibration function can simultaneously compensate the capacitance values of the sensing capacitors at the three frequency points, and the compensation values of the sensing capacitors of the three frequency points are consistent. If an unexpected situation occurs during the calibration process (for example, the external frequency interferes with the frequency of a certain frequency point), the scheme of simultaneously using the same compensation value for calibration results in the sensing of the problematic frequency point (ie, the interfered frequency point).
  • the capacitance of the sensing capacitor of one or some of the frequency points may be abnormal, resulting in the calibration result not fully guaranteeing the preset of each frequency band. Consistency of the calibration capacitance of the operating frequency.
  • the capacitance values of the sensing capacitors at the three frequency points and the capacitance values of the expected sensing capacitors after calibration are respectively compared,
  • the capacitance value that does not meet the requirements after comparison is compensated by the compensation circuit (ie, the circuit composed of the comparator 21 and the feedback capacitor 22), thereby making The capacitance of the sensing capacitor at the three frequency points is consistent.
  • the compensation circuit ie, the circuit composed of the comparator 21 and the feedback capacitor 22
  • the capacitance value where the initial values of C1, C2, and C3 can be calculated according to the RC loading of the touch screen itself and the laminated structure or obtained by simulation.
  • the feedback capacitors in the comparison unit are all variable capacitors, and the capacitance formed by the touch electrodes and the receiving electrodes of the touch screen is the sensing capacitor.
  • the preset value of the feedback capacitor 22 is equal to an average value of the initial values of the feedback capacitors of the respective operating frequency points.
  • the preset values of the three feedback capacitors 22 respectively corresponding to the three working frequency points in the touch screen frequency point calibration apparatus of the embodiment may be set to be the same; the preset values of the feedback capacitors 22 in all the comparison units may also be set. Set to the same.
  • the actual capacitance of the feedback capacitor 22 is related to the capacitance of the sensing capacitor. By adjusting the capacitance of the feedback capacitor 22, the capacitance of the sensing capacitor can be differentially calibrated. Generally, there are three different operating frequencies in the touch screen.
  • the three feedback capacitors 22 are variable capacitors, and the capacitance of the received capacitor has a capacitance value corresponding to the reference voltage Vref (which may be referred to as a standard capacitor). There is a difference in the value), and the feedback capacitance 22 is adjusted according to the difference in the capacitance value.
  • the capacitance of the sensing capacitors at different frequency points after calibration will not be exactly the same, only Relatively consistent.
  • the capacitance difference of the induction capacitance is approximately 20 (no unit, which is a quantized value), even if the calibration is completed.
  • the calibration excitation signal transmitted by the calibration module 1 to the touch screen is a plurality of square wave signals having different timings, and the pulse width of each square wave signal is matched with the corresponding working frequency point.
  • the calibration excitation signal is sent to the calibration module 1 through the touch chip, and the calibration function test of different frequency points is started. Specifically, first select the working frequency point The frustal value of f(0) is used, and then the sensing capacitor on each touch chip is matched with the corresponding compensation circuit to compensate the capacitance of the sensing capacitor on each touch chip until the condition is met; similarly, the above method is adopted.
  • the induction capacitance value of the working frequency point f(1) and the sensing capacitance value of the working frequency point f(2) are sequentially compensated until the conditions are satisfied.
  • the function f(i) is generally 80-100 different from the corresponding f1(i).
  • the calibration module 1 sequentially pairs the three frequency points according to the corresponding compensation value to the sensing capacitor.
  • the capacitance value is compensated for the first pass, and then the calibration module 1 internally determines whether the compensation is in place; if it is determined that the compensation is in place, the calibration is stopped; if no compensation is in place, the second pass compensation process is continued, that is, by the calibration module 1
  • the capacitance of the sensing capacitor is compensated again until the voltage of the sensing capacitor at the three frequencies is the same (in general, the calibration process can be achieved by two calibration processes), and the compensation is in place.
  • the calibration module 1 feeds back the calibration result to the touch chip to complete the calibration, and the three frequency points calibration is finally completed.
  • the capacitance values of the sensing capacitors of the three frequency points can be calibrated to a relatively close level, so that when there is noise outside, the touch chip can select or match the noise less according to the demand.
  • the frequency is used for the touch operation, and there is no possibility that the frequency of the sensing capacitor of some frequency points is abnormal, which makes it impossible to frequency hop, thereby avoiding the waste of the frequency point and the badness of the touch ghost.
  • the embodiment further provides a touch screen frequency point calibration method, which can perform differential calibration on the capacitance values of the sensing capacitances of the touch screen at different frequency points.
  • the touch screen frequency point calibration method includes the steps of:
  • the sensing capacitor is compensated according to the difference between the preset capacitance and the capacitance of the sensing capacitor at the current operating frequency to calibrate the capacitance of the sensing capacitor to a capacitance matching the current operating frequency, that is, the capacitance of the preset capacitor.
  • the touch screen frequency point calibration method can automatically calibrate the capacitance values of the sensing capacitors at different frequency points for different environments, thereby providing a differential automatic calibration of the capacitance of the touch screen at different frequency points.
  • the touch screen frequency point calibration method further includes: establishing a correspondence relationship between the sensing capacitance and the preset capacitance at each working frequency point.
  • the method further comprises: performing preliminary calibration on the capacitance values of the sensing capacitors at different frequency points in the touch screen.
  • the step of establishing a correspondence between the sensing capacitance of each working frequency point and the preset capacitance is specifically: establishing a correspondence relationship between the sensing capacitance and the preset capacitance after the preliminary calibration of each working frequency point.
  • the calibration excitation signal transmitted to the touch screen is a plurality of square wave signals having different timings, and the pulse width of each square wave signal is matched with the corresponding working frequency point. Calibration function tests at different frequency points can be initiated by transmitting a calibration excitation signal to the touch screen.
  • the touch screen frequency point calibration device and the corresponding calibration method in the embodiment can be used for sudden occurrences in the calibration process (for example, abnormal power failure or electrostatic discharge (ESD), or manual error). Touch, etc.) may cause the difference in the capacitance of the three capacitors to be too large, resulting in the inability to hop, and the voltage of the sense capacitor at each frequency is compared with the preset reference voltage Vref. When the voltage of the sensing capacitor at a certain frequency is higher or lower than the preset reference voltage Vref, the voltage value of the sensing capacitor of the frequency point is compensated, so that the capacitance of the sensing capacitor of the three frequency points is reached. Basically consistent state.
  • the touch screen frequency point calibration device and the corresponding calibration method in the embodiment are different for the capacitance difference of the sensing capacitors at different frequency points, and the capacitance calibration of the sensing chip for different frequency points of the touch chip is inconsistent.
  • the sensing capacitor is compensated according to the difference between the capacitance of the preset capacitor and the current working frequency, so as to achieve the same calibration frequency of the sensing capacitor at each frequency.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a touch screen including a plurality of sensing capacitors formed by a transmitting electrode and a receiving electrode, and further comprising the aforementioned touch screen frequency point calibrating device.
  • the touch screen includes a system module 3 for lighting the module, and the system module 3 illuminates the module, and then performs calibration and subsequent work.
  • the calibration excitation signal is transmitted to the touch screen, and the voltage value of the sensing capacitor at different frequency points is compared with a preset reference voltage value.
  • the feedback voltage signal is obtained.
  • the voltage value of the sensing capacitor at a certain frequency is different from the preset reference voltage value, the voltage of the sensing capacitor is compensated by the feedback capacitor, thereby calibrating the sensing capacitor.
  • the touch screen here only needs to ensure that the signal transmitted by the touch screen frequency point calibration device can be correctly received, and the voltage signal fed back through the sensing capacitance inside the touch screen can be received, and the touch screen frequency point calibration device does not need to be set according to the structure of the touch screen.
  • the structure is therefore of good versatility.
  • the touch screen adopts the above-mentioned touch screen frequency point calibration device, which can calibrate the capacitance of the sensing capacitors at different frequency points, thereby achieving better touch effects and providing a better touch experience.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a display device including the aforementioned touch screen.
  • the display device can be any product or component having a display function such as a liquid crystal panel, an electronic paper, an OLED panel, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, and the like.
  • a display function such as a liquid crystal panel, an electronic paper, an OLED panel, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, and the like.
  • the display device provides a superior touch experience while providing a high quality display.

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  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

一种属于显示技术领域，涉及触摸屏频点校准装置及方法、触摸屏和显示装置。该触摸屏频点校准装置用于对触摸屏中的感应电容在不同工作频点的容值进行自动校准，包括校准模块（1）和比较模块（2），其中：所述校准模块（1）分别与所述感应电容和所述比较模块（2）连接，用于向所述触摸屏发射校准激发信号以启动不同频点的校准工作，以及根据所述比较模块（2）的比较结果，对所述触摸屏中的感应电容进行校准；所述比较模块（2）用于将预设电容与所述触摸屏中当前工作频点的感应电容进行比较，得出比较结果，并将所述比较结果反馈至所述校准模块（1），使得所述校准模块（1）将所述感应电容的容值校准为与当前工作频点相匹配的容值。该触摸屏频点校准装置能够针对不同的环境，对触摸屏的感应电容在不同频点的容值进行自动校准。

Description

触摸屏频点校准装置及方法、触摸屏和显示装置 技术领域
本公开属于显示技术领域，具体涉及一种触摸屏频点校准装置、一种触摸屏频点校准方法、一种触摸屏和一种显示装置。
背景技术
触摸屏提供了一种新型的人机交互输入方式，尤其是触摸屏与平板显示的结合为人们提供了更优的操控体验。目前最常采用的触摸屏与显示基板的组合模式是In-cell模式，即将触摸电路嵌入到显示基板的像素中的模式。
In-cell模式的触摸屏，包括触控芯片(touch IC)以及与触控芯片连接的发射电极和接收电极，在发射电极和接收电极之间会形成一个感应电容。每颗触控芯片通过感应电容的两极板间的电容变化量来判断是否有手指触碰。还需要根据触摸屏的应用环境对感应电容进行校准。
在触摸屏的工作过程中，在某一时刻触摸屏只能工作在一个频点，对于频点的选择需通过跳频来实现。采用In-cell模式的触摸屏产品，免不了会受到外界环境的影响，这些影响包括充电(charge)等引起的噪声(noise)，因此在触摸屏的调试过程中，跳频的选择成为一个很关键的步骤。当外界环境发生变化而引入噪声时，当前频点的感应电容的容值会变大，触控芯片会自动选择其他频点(即跳频)，具体为选择受外界干扰较小的频点进行工作，以达到抗干扰的目的。
目前的触控屏，通常不具备自动校准感应电容的功能。作为例外，一些高级应用虽然配置了自动校准功能，但这种自动校准功能仅能对整个触摸屏进行不做区分、统一的校准，而且通常在模组厂或者在下游的面板整机厂(比如手机厂)进行这种校准，并不能根据触摸屏当前工作环境中存在的噪声实时进行校准。
因此，设计一种能针对不同的环境，对触摸屏的感应电容在 不同频点的容值进行自动校准，以使得触摸屏在各频点的校准频率达到一致的方案成为目前亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本公开所要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术中存在的上述不足，提供一种触摸屏频点校准装置及方法、触摸屏和显示装置，至少部分解决了针对不同的环境，如何对触摸屏的感应电容在不同频点的容值进行自动校准的问题。
解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是本公开提供一种触摸屏频点校准装置，用于对触摸屏中的感应电容在不同工作频点的容值进行自动校准，包括校准模块和比较模块，其中：
所述校准模块，分别与所述感应电容和所述比较模块连接，用于向所述触摸屏发射校准激发信号以启动不同频点的校准工作，以及根据所述比较模块的比较结果，对所述触摸屏中的感应电容进行校准；
所述比较模块，用于将预设电容与所述触摸屏中当前工作频点的感应电容进行比较，得出比较结果，并将所述比较结果反馈至所述校准模块，使得所述校准模块将所述感应电容的容值校准为与当前工作频点相匹配的容值。
可选的，所述比较模块包括并行的多个比较单元，每个所述比较单元分别与所述触摸屏中一个对应的感应电容连接，所述比较单元向所述校准模块返回当前工作频点的对应感应电容的容值差异，以使得所述校准模块对当前工作频点的各感应电容的容值进行校准。
可选的，每一所述比较单元均包括比较器、反馈电容和接地电容，所述比较器用于将预设电容与所述触摸屏中当前工作频点的感应电容进行比较，所述反馈电容用于将比较结果反馈至所述校准模块。
可选的，所述反馈电容的预设值等于各个工作频点的反馈电容的初始值的平均值。
可选的，所述反馈电容为可变电容。
可选的，所述触摸屏的工作频点包括两个至六个处于不同频段的频点。
可选的，所述触摸屏的工作频点为三个频点，三个频点分别位于低频、中频和高频。
可选的，所述校准模块向所述触摸屏发射的校准激发信号为具有不同时序的多个方波信号，每一方波信号的脉宽与对应的工作频点相适配。
可选的，所述校准模块还用于对触摸屏中感应电容在不同频点的容值进行初步校准，所述比较模块还用于将预设电容与经初步校准之后的当前工作频点的感应电容进行比较，并将比较结果反馈至校准模块。
本公开还提供一种触摸屏频点校准方法，包括如下步骤：
向触摸屏发射校准激发信号以启动不同频点的校准工作；
采集触摸屏中各工作频点的感应电容的容值；
根据预设电容与当前工作频点的感应电容的容值差异对所述感应电容进行补偿，以将所述感应电容的容值校准为与当前工作频点相匹配的容值。
可选的，向所述触摸屏发射的校准激发信号为具有不同时序的多个方波信号，每一方波信号的脉宽与对应的工作频点相适配。
可选的，建立各工作频点的感应电容与预设电容的对应关系；
可选的，在所建立各工作频点的感应电容与预设电容的对应关系之前还包括步骤：针对不同的工作频点对触摸屏中感应电容的容值进行初步校准；
且所述建立各工作频点的感应电容与预设电容的对应关系的步骤具体为，建立各工作频点经初步校准之后的感应电容与预设电容的对应关系。
本公开还提供一种触摸屏，其中包括多个感应电容，还包括上述的触摸屏频点校准装置。
本公开还提供一种显示装置，包括上述的触摸屏。
附图说明
图1为本公开实施例中触摸屏频点校准装置的电路原理示意图；
图2为本公开实施例中触摸屏的电路原理示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本领域技术人员更好地理解本公开的技术方案，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本公开触摸屏频点校准装置及方法、触摸屏和显示装置作进一步详细描述。
本公开实施例提供一种触摸屏频点校准装置及相应的触摸屏频点校准方法，能针对目前触摸屏无自动校准功能，或者仅能对触摸屏进行不做区分、统一的校准的情况，针对不同的环境，对触摸屏的感应电容在不同频点的容值进行自动校准，从而提供一种对触摸屏的感应电容在不同频点的容值进行有区别性的自动校准的功能，以使得触摸屏在各频点的校准频率达到一致。
一般情况下，触摸屏通过设置触控芯片(touch IC)实现触控，考虑到不同外部电源所带来的干扰不同，每颗触控芯片均会有自己的FW(Firmware，固件)并预设不同的频点，在触控过程中应根据不同模组厂的显示基板(panel)特性来进行跳频，而一般跳频的频率也会根据不同模组厂的显示基板特性进行选择。关于跳频，一种比较直观的理解是，由于触摸屏中每一层的厚度不同，每一层的介电常数不一样，因此导致感应电容的容值大小也会有差异；因此通过在触控扫描前预设多个扫描频率，当遇到干扰时则在这些频段上进行选择，以实现以抗噪最好的频点来工作。为了提高抗干扰能力，绝大多数情况下，每颗触控芯片的跳频都会包括三个左右的频率，这三个左右的频率可以避免触摸屏遭受全频段100Hz-400kHz之间的噪声干扰。
如图1所示，所述触摸屏频点校准装置用于对触摸屏中的感应电容在不同工作频点的容值进行自动校准，包括校准模块1和 比较模块2，其中：
校准模块1，分别与感应电容和比较模块2连接，用于向触摸屏发射校准激发信号以启动不同频点的校准工作，以及根据比较模块2的比较结果，对触摸屏中的感应电容进行校准；
比较模块2，用于将预设电容与触摸屏中当前工作频点的感应电容进行比较，得出比较结果，并将比较结果反馈至校准模块1，使得校准模块1将感应电容的容值校准为与当前工作频点相匹配的容值，即预设电容的容值。
该触摸屏频点校准装置提供一种对触摸屏的感应电容在不同频点的容值进行有区别性的自动校准的功能。其中，比较模块2包括并行的多个比较单元，每个比较单元分别与触摸屏中的感应电容连接，比较单元向校准模块1返回当前工作频点下的感应电容的容值差异，以使得校准模块1对当前工作频点的各感应电容的容值进行校准。通常情况下，形成感应电容的电极板都会连接到触控芯片的输入端，因此可以将比较模块2与触控芯片的每一个输入端相连接。通过将比较模块2分为多个比较单元，并使每个比较单元对当前工作频点下的一个对应的感应电容的容值进行校准，从而提供一种对触摸屏的感应电容在不同频点的容值进行有区别性的自动校准的功能。
优选的，校准模块1还用于对触摸屏中感应电容在不同频点的容值进行初步校准，比较模块2还用于将预设电容与经初步校准之后的当前工作频点的感应电容进行比较，并将比较结果反馈至校准模块1。
根据电路原理可知，电容与电压具有确定的对应关系，处于某一工作频点的感应电容的容值，其实质为电压的另一种表现形式，因此可通过对电压的校准来实现对容值的校准。在该触摸屏频点校准装置中，相当于预设各工作频点的感应电容的参考电压Vref(参考电压Vref即与预设电容对应的电压)，再将通过校准模块1初步校准后的感应电容的电压与预设的参考电压Verf进行比较，并对感应电容的电压进行补偿使其容值被校准为最终期望 容值(即预设电容的容值)。
其中，每个比较单元均包括比较器21(图1中的B 1、B2、B3)、反馈电容22(图1中的C 1、C2、C3)和接地电容23(图1中的C4、C5、C6)，比较器21的正向输入端分别与反馈电容22的一端和接地电容23的一端连接，比较器21的负向输入端与参考电压Vref连接，反馈电容22的另一端与比较器21的输出端连接，接地电容23的另一端接地，比较器21的输出端与感应电容连接。通过配置多个比较单元，从而实现在各工作频点下对触摸屏中的感应电容的容值进行有区别性的自动校准。
考虑到触摸屏的应用环境，触摸屏的工作频点可包括两个至六个处于不同频段的频点，这样可根据不同频点对感应电容提供有区别性的自动校准功能。优选的是，触摸屏的工作频点包括三个处于不同频段的频点，这三个频点分别位于低频、中频和高频，针对这三个频点的感应电容的容值进行自动校准，可实现在不同频率区域对感应电容进行较准确的校准和协调。
究其原因，在现有的触摸屏产品中，考虑到要覆盖全频段100Hz-400kHz的扫描频率，即使一些高级应用中自带的校准功能也无法区分不同频点的感应电容的容值差异。由于不同频点相对来说比较分散，该自带的校准功能还能同时对三个频点的感应电容的容值进行补偿，并且对这三个频点的感应电容的补偿值是一致的，若在校准过程中出现突发状况(例如外界频率对某一频点频率形成干扰)，采用同时使用相同补偿值进行校准的方案，导致有问题的频点(即被干扰的频点)的感应电容的容值在补偿的时候出现容值偏高或者偏低的情况，会使得其中某一个或者某几个频点的感应电容的容值出现异常，导致校准结果不能完全保证各频段的预设工作频点的校准容值的一致性。
在图1提供的触摸屏频点校准装置的电路中，通过对三个频点的感应电容的容值和校准后期望的感应电容的容值(即预设电容的容值)分别进行比较，对比较后没有满足要求的容值通过补偿电路(即比较器21和反馈电容22组成的电路)进行补偿，从而使 三个频点处的感应电容的容值达到一致。当感应电容的电压大于对应的参考电压时，通过C1、C2、C3作为反馈电容22(feed back capacitance)进行调节，以对感应电容的电压进行补偿，从而使感应电容的容值被校准为预期的容值，这里C1、C2、C3的初始值可根据触摸屏自身的RC loading以及叠层结构计算得出或通过仿真得到。这里统一说明的是，比较单元中的反馈电容均为可变电容，触摸屏实现触控的发射电极和接收电极形成的电容为感应电容。
优选的，反馈电容22的预设值等于各个工作频点的反馈电容的初始值的平均值。本实施例所述触摸屏频点校准装置中分别与三个工作频点对应的三个反馈电容22的预设值可设定为相同；所有比较单元中的反馈电容22的预设值也可以设定为相同。反馈电容22的实际容值与感应电容的容值有关，通过调节反馈电容22的容值大小，可实现对感应电容的容值进行有区别的校准。通常情况下，触摸屏中存在三个不同工作频率，这三个不同工作频率不能同时被选中，且希望不同工作频率下触摸屏的整面感应电容的电容一致性较好。本实施例所述触摸屏频点校准装置中，三个反馈电容22均为可变电容，当接收到的感应电容的容值与参考电压Vref对应的预设电容的容值(可称为标准容值)存在差异，则根据该容值差异调节反馈电容22。
这里应该理解的是，为提高效率，通常情况下由于校准过程只执行一次，而且是通过搭建硬件电路实现的，故校准之后不同频点的感应电容的容值一定不会完全一致，只能是相对一致。经模拟测定，经该触摸屏频点校准装置补偿完成后，根据实际情况，感应电容的容值差异大致在20(无单位，为量化数值)以内就算校准完成。
为了完成校准工作，校准模块1向触摸屏发射的校准激发信号为具有不同时序的多个方波信号，每一方波信号的脉宽与对应的工作频点相适配。通过触控芯片向校准模块1发送校准激发信号，启动不同频点的校准功能测试。具体地，首先选取工作频点 为f(0)的整面容值，然后将每一个触控芯片上的感应电容与对应的补偿电路匹配，补偿每一个触控芯片上的感应电容容值直至满足条件；同理，采用上述方法依次补偿工作频点f(1)的感应电容容值和工作频点f(2)的感应电容容值，直至均满足条件。图1中，函数f(i)(i＝0，1，2)代表经校准模块1初步校准之后的三个频点的感应电容的容值，函数f1(i)(i＝0，1，2)代表经比较模块2比较后反馈给校准模块1并由校准模块1补偿后的三个频点的感应电容的容值(即经初步校准之后的感应电容的容值与反馈电容的容值之和)。函数f(i)与相应的f1(i)一般来说相差80-100。
当有校准需求时，例如触摸屏与显示基板组装后首次上机时或者是在无触控动作且需要进行实时校准时，校准模块1会依次对三个频点按照对应的补偿值对感应电容的容值进行第一遍补偿，然后校准模块1内部会自动进行判断，是否补偿到位；如果确定补偿到位，则停止校准；如果没有补偿到位，则继续执行第二遍补偿过程，即由校准模块1再次对感应电容的容值进行补偿，直到三个频点的感应电容的电压一致(一般情况下，两次校准过程即可达到校准效果)，此时补偿已到位。当补偿到位后，校准模块1将校准结果反馈给触控芯片以完成校准，则三个频点校准最终完成。
通过该触摸屏频点校准装置，可以将三个频点的感应电容的容值校准到一个较接近的水平，这样，当外部有噪声时，触控芯片可以根据需求，选择或匹配噪声较小的频点进行触控工作，而不会出现由于某些频点的感应电容的容值异常而导致无法跳频的情形，进而避免造成频点浪费和出现触控鬼手等不良。
相应的，本实施例还提供一种触摸屏频点校准方法，能对触摸屏的感应电容在不同频点的容值进行有区别性的校准。该触摸屏频点校准方法包括步骤：
向触摸屏发射校准激发信号以启动不同频点下的校准工作；
采集各工作频点下触摸屏中的感应电容的容值；
根据预设电容与当前工作频点的感应电容的容值差异对感应电容进行补偿，以将感应电容的容值校准为与当前工作频点相匹配的容值，即预设电容的容值。
该触摸屏频点校准方法能够针对不同的环境，对感应电容在不同频点的容值进行自动校准，从而提供一种对触摸屏的感应电容在不同频点的容值进行有区别性的自动校准的功能。
该触摸屏频点校准方法还包括：建立各工作频点下的感应电容与预设电容的对应关系。
在建立各工作频点的感应电容与预设电容的对应关系之前还包括：对触摸屏中感应电容在不同频点的容值进行初步校准。相应地，建立各工作频点的感应电容与预设电容的对应关系的步骤具体为，建立各工作频点经初步校准之后的感应电容与预设电容的对应关系。
其中，向触摸屏发射的校准激发信号为具有不同时序的多个方波信号，每一方波信号的脉宽与对应的工作频点相适配。通过向触摸屏发射校准激发信号，可以启动不同频点的校准功能测试。
在本实施例中的触摸屏频点校准装置及其相应的校准方法，能够针对在校准过程出现突发状况(例如异常掉电或者有静电释放(Electro-Static Discharge，简称ESD)，再或者人手误触摸等)可能导致三个频点的感应电容的容值差异过大，而造成无法跳频的情况，有针对性的将每一个频点的感应电容的电压与预设的参考电压Vref进行比较，当某一频点的感应电容的电压高于或低于预设的参考电压Vref，会对该频点的感应电容的电压值进行补偿，从而使三个频点的感应电容的容值达到基本一致的状态。
综上所述，本实施例中的触摸屏频点校准装置及其相应的校准方法，针对不同频点的感应电容的容值差异，以及触控芯片对于不同频点的感应电容的容值校准不一致的情况，通过设置独立的反馈电容，根据预设电容与当前工作频点的感应电容的容值差异对感应电容进行补偿，从而达到各频点的感应电容的校准频率(calibration frequency)一致的效果。
本公开实施例还提供一种触摸屏，该触摸屏包括多个由发射电极和接收电极形成的感应电容，还包括前述触摸屏频点校准装置。
如图2所示，触摸屏包括用来将模组点亮的系统模块3，系统模块3将模组点亮后，再执行校准以及后续工作。在触摸屏内感应电容充电的过程中，利用实施例1中的触摸屏频点校准装置，发射校准激发信号到触摸屏，并将不同频点的感应电容的电压值与预设的参考电压值进行比较，得出反馈电压信号，当某一频点的感应电容的电压值与预设的参考电压值产生差异后，通过反馈电容对感应电容的电压行补偿，从而对感应电容起到校准作用。
这里的触摸屏，只需保证能正确接收触摸屏频点校准装置发射的信号，并能接收到经触摸屏内部的感应电容反馈的电压信号即可，并不需要根据触摸屏的结构来设置触摸屏频点校准装置的结构，因此具有较好的通用性。
该触摸屏采用上述的触摸屏频点校准装置，能针对不同频点的感应电容的电容进行校准，从而达到较优的触控效果，提供更好的触控体验。
本公开实施例还提供一种显示装置，其包括前述触摸屏。
该显示装置可以为液晶面板、电子纸、OLED面板、手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
该显示装置在提供优质显示的同时，还能提供较优的触控体验。
可以理解的是，以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本公开的原理而采用的示例性实施方式，然而本公开并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本公开的精神和实质的情况下，可以做出各种变型和改进，这些变型和改进也视为本公开的保护范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种触摸屏频点校准装置，用于对触摸屏中的感应电容在不同工作频点的容值进行自动校准，包括校准模块和比较模块，其中：
    所述校准模块，分别与所述感应电容和所述比较模块连接，用于向所述触摸屏发射校准激发信号以启动不同频点的校准工作，以及根据所述比较模块的比较结果，对所述触摸屏中的感应电容进行校准；
    所述比较模块，用于将预设电容与所述触摸屏中当前工作频点的感应电容进行比较，得出比较结果，并将所述比较结果反馈至所述校准模块，使得所述校准模块将所述感应电容的容值校准为与当前工作频点相匹配的容值。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述触摸屏频点校准装置，其中，所述比较模块包括并行的多个比较单元，每个所述比较单元分别与所述触摸屏中一个对应的感应电容连接，所述比较单元向所述校准模块返回当前工作频点的对应感应电容的容值差异，以使得所述校准模块对当前工作频点的各感应电容的容值进行校准。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述触摸屏频点校准装置，其中，每一所述比较单元均包括比较器、反馈电容和接地电容，所述比较器用于将预设电容与所述触摸屏中当前工作频点的感应电容进行比较，所述反馈电容用于将比较结果反馈至所述校准模块。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述触摸屏频点校准装置，其中，所述反馈电容的预设值等于各个工作频点的反馈电容的初始值的平均值。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述触摸屏频点校准装置，其中，所述反 馈电容为可变电容。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述触摸屏频点校准装置，其中，所述触摸屏的工作频点包括两个至六个处于不同频段的频点。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述触摸屏频点校准装置，其中，所述触摸屏的工作频点为三个频点，三个频点分别位于低频、中频和高频。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述触摸屏频点校准装置，其中，所述校准模块向所述触摸屏发射的校准激发信号为具有不同时序的多个方波信号，每一方波信号的脉宽与对应的工作频点相适配。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述触摸屏频点校准装置，其中，所述校准模块还用于对触摸屏中感应电容在不同频点的容值进行初步校准，所述比较模块还用于将预设电容与经初步校准之后的当前工作频点的感应电容进行比较，并将比较结果反馈至校准模块。
  10. 一种触摸屏频点校准方法，包括如下步骤：
    向触摸屏发射校准激发信号以启动不同频点的校准工作；
    采集触摸屏中各工作频点的感应电容的容值；
    根据预设电容与当前工作频点的感应电容的容值差异对所述感应电容进行补偿，以将所述感应电容的容值校准为与当前工作频点相匹配的容值。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述触摸屏频点校准方法，其中，向所述触摸屏发射的校准激发信号为具有不同时序的多个方波信号，每一方波信号的脉宽与对应的工作频点相适配。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述触摸屏频点校准方法，还包括：建 立各工作频点的感应电容与预设电容的对应关系。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述触摸屏频点校准方法，其中，在所建立各工作频点的感应电容与预设电容的对应关系之前还包括步骤：对触摸屏中感应电容在不同工作频点的容值进行初步校准；
    且所述建立各工作频点的感应电容与预设电容的对应关系的步骤具体为，建立各工作频点经初步校准之后的感应电容与预设电容的对应关系。
  14. 一种触摸屏，其中包括多个感应电容，还包括权利要求1-9任一项所述的触摸屏频点校准装置。
  15. 一种显示装置，包括权利要求14所述的触摸屏。
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