WO2018153156A1 - 一种电池电极组件、盖板组件及电池 - Google Patents

一种电池电极组件、盖板组件及电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018153156A1
WO2018153156A1 PCT/CN2017/117409 CN2017117409W WO2018153156A1 WO 2018153156 A1 WO2018153156 A1 WO 2018153156A1 CN 2017117409 W CN2017117409 W CN 2017117409W WO 2018153156 A1 WO2018153156 A1 WO 2018153156A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
conductive sheet
electrode assembly
electrode terminal
temperature
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2017/117409
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
鲁鹏
蒋露霞
王信月
胡世超
杨珂利
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201720182208.9U external-priority patent/CN206685462U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710110189.3A external-priority patent/CN108511670B/zh
Application filed by BYD Co Ltd filed Critical BYD Co Ltd
Publication of WO2018153156A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018153156A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of battery safety protection, and in particular to a battery electrode assembly, a cover assembly and a battery.
  • the batteries have no safety protection structure on the cover plate, and the cover plate is only used as a support pole.
  • the cover plate is only used as a support pole.
  • abuse conditions such as impact, foreign matter puncture or overheating, a series of complex electrochemical reactions occur inside the battery.
  • the battery may be in danger of igniting or even exploding when the battery is out of control.
  • an electrode terminal, an adapter, a flipper, a support member, and an inner lead-out piece are disposed inside the battery, and the electrode terminal is electrically connected to the adapter, and the electrical connection between the adapter and the flipper is performed, and the flipper is turned over.
  • the present invention provides A battery electrode assembly, a cover assembly and a battery for improving battery overcurrent capability and improving battery safety performance.
  • the present invention provides a battery electrode assembly including a cap, a conductive sheet, an electrode terminal, and at least one temperature memory elastic member, the cap being electrically connected to the electrode terminal through a conductive sheet, the temperature memory elasticity An element is disposed between the electrode terminal and the conductive sheet, and the temperature memory elastic element can elastically extend to the conductive sheet to disconnect the electrode terminal and the cap when the internal temperature of the battery is higher than a preset temperature control threshold Electrical connection.
  • a portion of the conductive sheet is connected to an end surface of the electrode terminal to form a connection point, and the temperature memory elastic member elastically extends to push up the conductive sheet when the internal temperature of the battery is higher than a preset temperature control threshold.
  • the connection point is opened to disconnect the electrical connection of the electrode terminal to the cap.
  • the conductive sheet is provided with a score
  • the temperature memory elastic element is disposed under the notch of the conductive sheet, and the temperature memory elastic element can be higher than the preset temperature control threshold in the battery internal temperature.
  • the score is weak, the electrical connection between the electrode terminal and the cap is broken.
  • the battery electrode assembly includes a support member, and a support member is further disposed between the cap and the conductive sheet, and a part of the conductive sheet is connected with an end surface of the electrode terminal to form a connection point, and the notch is located at the support member and Between the connection points.
  • the electrode terminal surface is provided with a groove, and the temperature memory elastic member is located in the groove.
  • the cap lower surface and/or the temperature memory elastic member is provided with an insulating coating.
  • the electrode assembly includes a conductive ring, and an outer circumference of the cap and an outer circumference of the conductive sheet are fixedly connected to the conductive ring, and a central recess of the conductive sheet is connected to the electrode terminal.
  • the middle portion of the conductive sheet is soldered to the electrode terminal.
  • the lower surface non-joining portion of the conductive sheet is provided with an insulating layer.
  • the temperature memory elastic element is a spring-like memory alloy element.
  • the preset temperature control threshold is 60-80 degrees Celsius.
  • the present invention provides a cover assembly comprising a cover body, an insulating sealing structure, and the battery electrode assembly according to any of the above embodiments, wherein the cover body is provided with a through hole.
  • the battery electrode assembly is disposed at the through hole, and the electrode terminal of the battery electrode assembly extends into the battery interior, and the electrode terminal and the cover body are insulated and sealed by an insulating sealing structure.
  • the present invention provides a battery comprising a battery case, a battery core located in the battery case, and a cover plate assembly enclosing the battery case, the cover plate assembly being any one of the above embodiments The cover assembly.
  • the temperature memory elastic member can be higher in the internal temperature of the battery than a preset temperature control threshold
  • the elastic extension acts on the conductive sheet to break the electrical connection between the electrode terminal and the cap.
  • connection with the conductive sheet thereby realizing the disconnection of the internal circuit of the battery, the trigger condition of the battery electrode assembly for the protection of the battery is changed from the pressure to the temperature, and the tensile force of the conductive sheet is improved by the temperature memory elastic member.
  • the thickness of the conductive sheet is ensured, the overcurrent capability of the battery is improved, and the performance of the battery is optimized.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a cover assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a cover assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a cover assembly (including a support member) according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a side view (including a support member) of a cover assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view (including a support member) of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Cap 11 conductive sheet 12; connection point 13; temperature memory elastic element 14; support member 15; cover body 21; conductive ring 231; ceramic ring 232; transition ring 233; injection molded part 234; cell 31; negative terminal 32; Positive terminal 33; inner lead piece 34.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • features defining “first” or “second” may include at least one of the features, either explicitly or implicitly.
  • the meaning of "a plurality” is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
  • the terms “installation”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and the like should be understood broadly, and may be either a fixed connection or a detachable connection, unless explicitly stated and defined otherwise. , or integrated; can be mechanical or electrical connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction of two elements, unless otherwise specified Limited.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
  • the first feature "on” or “below” in the second feature may be the direct contact of the first and second features, or the first and second features are indirectly through the intermediate medium, unless otherwise explicitly stated and defined. contact.
  • the first feature "above”, “above” and “above” the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or above the second feature, or merely that the first feature level is higher than the second feature.
  • the first feature “below”, “below” and “below” the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely that the first feature level is less than the second feature.
  • a battery electrode assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the battery electrode assembly provided in this embodiment includes a cap 11, a conductive sheet 12, an electrode terminal, and at least one temperature memory elastic member 14.
  • the cap 11 is electrically connected to the electrode terminal through a conductive sheet 12, and the temperature memory elastic member 14 is disposed between the electrode terminal and the conductive sheet 12.
  • the temperature memory elastic member 14 elastically extends to the conductive sheet 12 to disconnect the electrical connection between the electrode terminal and the cap 11 when the internal temperature of the battery is higher than the preset temperature control threshold.
  • the temperature memory elastic member 14 can be higher in the internal temperature of the battery than the preset temperature control threshold
  • the elastic extension acts on the conductive sheet 12 to break the electrical connection between the electrode terminal and the cap 11, and the design of the battery electrode assembly improves the overcurrent capability of the battery.
  • the temperature memory elastic member 14 pushes up the conductive sheet 12 to disconnect the electrode terminal from the conductive sheet 12.
  • the trigger condition of the battery electrode assembly for battery protection changes from pressure to temperature, and the temperature is stored by the temperature.
  • the component 14 enhances the breaking force of the conductive sheet 12, ensures the thickness of the conductive sheet 12 under the premise of satisfying the protection of the battery, improves the overcurrent capability of the battery, and optimizes the performance of the battery.
  • the temperature memory elastic element 14 can be at the internal temperature of the battery.
  • the conductive sheet 12 is elastically extended to lift the conductive sheet 12 above the preset temperature control threshold to open the connection point to disconnect the electrode terminal from the cap 11 .
  • the battery electrode assembly utilizes temperature as a condition for triggering the action of the temperature memory elastic member 14, enhances the breaking force of the conductive sheet 12, and effectively protects the internal safety of the battery under the premise of satisfying the protection of the battery, thereby ensuring the safety of the conductive sheet 12.
  • the thickness increases the overcurrent capability of the battery and optimizes the performance of the battery.
  • the conductive sheet 12 is provided with a score
  • the temperature memory elastic member 14 is disposed under the notch of the conductive sheet 12, and the temperature is The memory elastic member 14 is capable of ejecting the weakened score when the internal temperature of the battery is higher than the preset temperature control threshold to disconnect the electrical connection of the electrode terminal from the cap 11.
  • the notched conductive sheet 12 facilitates timely disconnection of the electrical connection between the electrode terminal and the conductive sheet 12 by the temperature memory elastic member 14 when the battery is abnormal, thereby ensuring safety inside the battery.
  • the battery electrode assembly includes a support member 15 disposed between the cap 11 and the conductive sheet 12, and a portion of the conductive sheet 12 is connected to an end surface of the electrode terminal to form a connection point; The scoring is located between the support member 15 and the connection point; as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the support member 15 is made of an annular insulating material for fixing the conductive sheet 12, which is advantageous for the temperature memory elastic member 14. When the conductive sheet 12 is extended, the scar of the conductive sheet 12 is better broken; the solution ensures the residual thickness at the notch of the conductive sheet, and improves the overcurrent capability of the battery.
  • the temperature memory elastic member 14 Due to the small space inside the battery, especially the electrode assembly, in order to prevent the temperature memory elastic member 14 from extending when the temperature inside the battery is raised, the temperature memory elastic member 14 is in contact with the cap 11 or the conductive sheet 12 is broken.
  • the opening is turned upside down in contact with the cap 11, and there is a case where the cap and the electrode terminal are substantially uninterrupted and electrically connected.
  • the lower surface of the cap 11 and/or the temperature memory elastic member 14 are provided with an insulating coating, further Preferably, the lower surface of the cap 11 is provided with an insulating coating to prevent the electrically conductive sheet 12 being lifted from coming into contact with the lower surface of the cap 11 to conduct electricity.
  • the electrode assembly comprises a conductive ring, and an outer circumference of the cap and an outer circumference of the conductive sheet are fixedly connected to the conductive ring.
  • the outer end surface of the conductive ring is formed with an L-shaped opening
  • the outer periphery of the conductive sheet is embedded and supported in the L-shaped opening
  • the cap cover is disposed on the conductive ring and is sealingly connected on the outer circumference of the L-shaped opening.
  • the electrical connection between the cap and the conductive sheet is achieved by a conductive ring.
  • the central portion of the conductive sheet is connected to the electrode terminal, and the connection may be located in the central hole of the conductive ring, or may be located above.
  • the center hole of the conductive terminal extending from the conductive ring may be connected to the conductive sheet, or may be located below, for example, the middle portion of the conductive sheet is recessed.
  • the center hole of the conductive ring is connected to the electrode terminal.
  • the central recess of the conductive sheet is connected to the electrode terminal and is generally connected to the end surface of the electrode terminal.
  • the connection can be soldered. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 5, the middle portion of the circular conductive sheet 12 is welded to the middle portion of the end surface of the electrode terminal, and laser welding can be employed.
  • the non-joining portion of the lower surface of the conductive sheet 12 is provided with an insulating coating.
  • the conductive sheet 12 is prevented from being electrically connected to the electrode terminal at other portions than the land, and the action of the temperature memory elastic member 14 is prevented from being broken, and the electrode terminal and the cap 11 are still electrically connected.
  • the position of the temperature memory elastic member 14 is located between the electrode terminal and the conductive sheet, and the conductive sheet can be applied when the temperature is extended.
  • the surface of the electrode terminal is provided with a groove, and the temperature memory elastic member 14 is located. Inside the groove. As shown in FIG. 5, the battery space can be further saved, and the battery capacity can be improved.
  • the temperature memory elastic component 14 can better sense the internal temperature of the battery, and can better act on the conductive sheet, and the sensitivity is further ensured.
  • the performance may specifically be that the upper surface of the electrode terminal has an annular groove near the edge portion, and the temperature memory elastic member is disposed in the annular groove.
  • the temperature memory elastic component 14 is a spring-like memory alloy component, and the deformation temperature of the memory alloy component is preferably set to 60-80 degrees Celsius (° C.), and the memory alloy component material includes but is not limited to Ni-Mn- Ga-Gd alloy or Ni-Mn-Sn alloy. Further, the temperature memory elastic member 14 has a cross-sectional diameter of 2.1 mm, and the temperature memory elastic member 14 has an inner diameter of 10 mm.
  • the preset temperature control threshold that is, the designed battery needs to realize the internal disconnection temperature of the battery, which is related to the battery specification.
  • the preferred preset temperature control valve value of the present invention is 60-80 ° C, further ensuring battery safety.
  • the present invention also provides a cover assembly comprising a cover body 21, an insulating sealing structure, and the battery electrode assembly according to any of the above embodiments, as shown in detail in FIGS. 2 and 5.
  • the cover body 21 is provided with a through hole, the battery electrode assembly is disposed at the through hole, the electrode terminal of the battery electrode assembly extends into the battery, and the electrode terminal and the cover body 21 are insulated by an insulating sealing structure seal.
  • the ceramic ring 232 is specifically used for the insulation sealing.
  • the specific structure may be that the inner ring end of the ceramic ring 232 is connected to the transition ring 233, and the transition ring 233 is connected to the through hole of the cover body 21.
  • the transition ring 233 may be connected to the ceramic ring 232 by ceramic brazing, for example, the transition ring 233 has an inner ring and an outer ring forming a Z-shaped structure, and the cover body 21 is formed with a through hole through which the electrode terminal passes, the through hole
  • the end surface is a stepped structure, and the inner ring of the transition ring 233 is embedded and supported in the step structure.
  • the outer circumference of the conductive ring 231 and the cover body 21 are sealed and connected by the ceramic ring 232, that is, through the cover body 21 and the transition ring 233, and the transition Sealing is achieved by the respective sealing between the ring 233 and the ceramic ring 232, the ceramic ring 232 and the conductive ring 231, and the conductive ring 231 and the conductive sheet 12 and the cap 11.
  • the electrode terminal extends into the interior of the battery to electrically connect with the inner lead-out piece inside the battery, and draws current.
  • the lower surface of the cover body 21 is provided with an injection molded part 234 for isolating and insulating the inner lead piece from the cover body 21.
  • the present invention also provides a battery comprising a battery cell 31 and a cover plate assembly of the above embodiment, the electrode terminal being a positive terminal 33 and/or a negative terminal 32 of the battery.
  • the cover body 21 is provided with two through holes for mounting the positive terminal 33 and the negative terminal 32.
  • the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the present invention may all be the electrode assembly of the above configuration, or any one of them may be the above-described structural electrode assembly.
  • a specific embodiment of the present invention is an electrode assembly in which the negative electrode has the above structure. According to actual needs and actual plans.
  • the battery includes an inner lead-out piece surrounding the edge of the electrode terminal, and the inner lead-out piece is used for electrical connection between the battery core 31 and the electrode terminal. Specific implementations are shown in Figures 3 and 6.
  • Embodiment 1 As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, when an abnormality such as collision, extrusion, overcharging, internal short circuit, etc. occurs inside the battery, the internal temperature of the battery rises, and when the temperature reaches 60 to 80 degrees Celsius, the temperature memory elasticity The element 14 is deformed and elongated, pushes the conductive sheet 12 upward, the conductive sheet 12 is lifted up, the solder joint 12 is disconnected from the electrode terminal, and the cap 11 is disconnected from the electrode terminal, The positive terminal 33 and/or the negative electrode are disconnected from the cap 11, thereby disconnecting the internal circuit of the battery, cutting off the connection between the abnormal battery and the external normal battery, isolating the normal battery, preventing a greater safety hazard, and effectively preventing The vicious chain reaction caused by abnormal batteries improves the safety of individual batteries and improves the safety factor of the entire battery module.
  • an abnormality such as collision, extrusion, overcharging, internal short circuit, etc.
  • the conductive sheet 12 is not nicked.
  • the design enhances the breaking force of the connection point between the conductive sheet 12 and the electrode terminal through the temperature memory elastic member 14, and the conductive sheet 12 has a strong overcurrent capability under the premise of satisfying the circuit breaker protection. Improves the overcurrent capability inside the battery.
  • the conductive sheet 12 is provided with a support member 15, the conductive sheet 12 is provided with a score on the lower surface, and the temperature memory elastic member 14 is disposed below the score.
  • the temperature memory elastic member 14 is deformed and elongated upward, and the temperature memory elastic member 14 lifts up the conductive sheet 12, and the conductive sheet 12 and the cap 11
  • the support member 15 fixes the conductive sheet 12 under certain conditions.
  • the elastic force of the temperature memory elastic member 14 exceeds a certain value, the scar of the conductive sheet 12 is weakened, and the cap 11 is disconnected from the electrode terminal.
  • the arrangement of the support member 15 facilitates the effective connection of the temperature memory elastic member 14 to the connection of the electrode terminal to the cap 11. This design is used by the temperature memory elastic member 14 in cooperation with the support member 15 to enhance the temperature memory elastic member 14
  • the breaking force of the weak portion of the conductive sheet 12 ensures the thickness of the conductive sheet 12, so that the conductive sheet 12 has a strong overcurrent capability, improves the overcurrent capability inside the battery, and optimizes battery performance.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供了一种电池电极组件、盖板组件及电池，通过在电极端子与导电片之间设置温度记忆弹性元件，温度记忆弹性元件能够在电池内部温度高于预设温控阀值时弹性延伸作用于导电片断开电极端子与盖帽的电连接。当电池内部发生碰撞、挤压、过充、内部短路等异常情况时，电池内部温度升高，温度达到60至80摄氏度时，温度记忆弹性元件发生形变伸长，推动导电片断开电极端子与导电片的连接，从而实现电池内部电路的断开，该电池电极组件对电池保护的触发条件由压强变为温度，通过温度记忆弹性元件，提升对导电片的拉断力，在满足保护电池的前提下，保证导电片的厚度，提高了电池的过流能力，优化了电池的性能。

Description

一种电池电极组件、盖板组件及电池
本申请要求于2017年02月27日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710110189.3、发明名称为“一种电池电极组件、盖板组件及电池”；要求于2017年02月27日提交中国专利局、申请号为201720182208.9、发明名称为“一种电池电极组件、盖板组件及电池”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及电池安全防护领域，尤其涉及一种电池电极组件、盖板组件及电池。
背景技术
目前，绝大部分的电池其盖板上没有安全防护结构，盖板仅仅作为支撑极柱使用。当电池受到撞击、异物刺穿或者过热等滥用条件时，电池内部会发一系列复杂的电化学反应。当这些异常没有得到有效控制，电池发生热失控时，电池就会有起火甚至爆炸的危险。
现有技术中通过在电池内部设置电极端子、转接件、翻转片、支撑件、内引出片，电极端子通与转接件电连接，转接件与翻转片之间电连接，翻转片与支撑件之间焊接连接。当电池出现异常时，内部气压增大，翻转片翻转，支撑件的刻痕被拉断，电极端子与内引出片之间形成断路，但电池异常时内部气压大小有限，则翻转片翻转后的拉断能力有限，要求刻痕片的薄弱处的厚度比较薄弱，因而导致电池过流能力有限，电池过流能力较差。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中电池异常时电池内部气压大小有限、导致翻转片的翻转能力有限、对刻痕片的薄弱处的厚度设计有需求，因而导致电池过流能力有限的技术问题，本发明提供了一种提高电池过流能力、提高电池安全性能的电池电极组件、盖板组件及电池。
本发明提供了一种电池电极组件，所述电池电极组件包括盖帽、导电片、电极端子及至少一个温度记忆弹性元件，所述盖帽通过导电片与所述电极端子电连接，所述温度记忆弹性元件设置于所述电极端子与所述导电片之间，所述温度记忆弹性元件能在电池内部温度高于预设温控阀值时弹性延伸作用于导电片断开所述电极端子与所述盖帽的电连接。
一些实施例中，所述导电片的一部分与电极端子的端面连接形成连接点， 所述温度记忆弹性元件在电池内部温度高于预设温控阀值时弹性延伸顶起所述导电片从而断开所述连接点以断开所述电极端子与所述盖帽的电连接。
一些实施例中，所述导电片上设有刻痕，所述温度记忆弹性元件设置于所述导电片的刻痕下方，所述温度记忆弹性元件能够在电池内部温度高于预设温控阀值时弹开刻痕薄弱处以断开所述电极端子与所述盖帽的电连接。
进一步的，所述电池电极组件包括支撑件，所述盖帽与导电片之间还设有支撑件，所述导电片的一部分与电极端子的端面连接形成连接点，所述刻痕位于支撑件和连接点之间。
一些实施例中，所述电极端子表面设有凹槽，所述温度记忆弹性元件位于凹槽内。
一些实施例中，所述盖帽下表面和/或温度记忆弹性元件上设有绝缘涂层。
一些实施例中，所述电极组件包括导电环，所述盖帽的外周缘及所述导电片的外周缘均固定连接在该导电环上，所述导电片中部凹陷与电极端子连接。
一些实施例中，所述导电片的中部与电极端子焊接。
一些实施例中，所述导电片的下表面非连接部位设有绝缘层。
进一步的，所述温度记忆弹性元件为弹簧状记忆合金元件。
进一步的，所述预设温控阀值为60-80摄氏度。
本发明提供了一种盖板组件，所述盖板组件包括盖板本体、绝缘密封结构及上述实施例中任一项所述的电池电极组件，所述盖板本体上设有通孔，所述电池电极组件设置于通孔处，所述电池电极组件的电极端子延伸入电池内部，所述电极端子与盖板本体通过绝缘密封结构绝缘密封。
本发明提供了一种电池，所述电池包括电池壳体、位于所述电池壳体内的电芯及封装所述电池壳体的盖板组件，所述盖板组件为上述实施例中任意一项所述的盖板组件。
有益效果：根据本发明提供的电池电极组件，通过在所述电极端子与所述导电片之间设置温度记忆弹性元件，所述温度记忆弹性元件能够在电池内部温度高于预设温控阀值时弹性延伸作用于导电片断开所述电极端子与所述盖帽的电连接。当电池内部发生碰撞、挤压、过充、内部短路等异常情况时，电池内部温度升高，温度达到60至80摄氏度时，温度记忆弹性元件发生形变伸长， 推动导电片断开所述电极端子与导电片的连接，从而实现电池内部电路断开，该电池电极组件对电池保护的触发条件由压强变为温度，通过所述温度记忆弹性元件，提升了对所述导电片的拉断力，在满足保护电池安全的前提下，保证了导电片的厚度，提高了电池的过流能力，优化了电池的性能。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的盖板组件爆炸图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的盖板组件侧面示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的电池示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的盖板组件爆炸图(含支撑件)；
图5为本发明实施例提供的盖板组件侧面示意图(含支撑件)；
图6为本发明实施例提供的电池整体结构示意图(含支撑件)。
附图标记说明：
盖帽11；导电片12；连接点13；温度记忆弹性元件14；支撑件15；盖板本体21；导电环231；陶瓷环232；过渡环233；注塑件234；电芯31；负极端子32；正极端子33；内引出片34。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明所解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明及简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造及操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示 相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个、三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定及限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定及限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一及第二特征直接接触，或第一及第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”及“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”及“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明做进一步描述。
如图1所示，本发明实施例提供的一种电池电极组件。
本实施例提供的所述电池电极组件包括盖帽11、导电片12、电极端子及至少一个温度记忆弹性元件14。
所述盖帽11通过导电片12与所述电极端子电连接，所述温度记忆弹性元件14设置于所述电极端子与所述导电片12之间。
所述温度记忆弹性元件14在电池内部温度高于预设温控阀值时弹性延伸作用于导电片12断开所述电极端子与所述盖帽11的电连接。
根据本发明提供的电池电极组件，通过在所述电极端子与所述导电片12之间设置温度记忆弹性元件14，所述温度记忆弹性元件14能够在电池内部温度高于预设温控阀值时弹性延伸作用于导电片12断开所述电极端子与所述盖帽11的电连接，所述电池电极组件的设计提高了电池的过流能力。当电池内部发生碰撞、挤压、过充、内部短路等异常情况时，电池内部温度升高，温度达到60至80摄氏度时，温度记忆弹性元件14，发生形变伸长，具体如图2 或图4所示，温度记忆弹性元件14向上推动导电片12，断开所述电极端子与导电片12的连接，该电池电极组件对电池保护的触发条件由压强变为温度，通过所述温度记忆弹性元件14，增强对所述导电片12的拉断力，在满足保护电池的前提下，保证了导电片12的厚度，提高了电池的过流能力，优化了电池的性能。
进一步的，所述导电片12的一部分与电极端子的端面连接形成连接点13，本发明的一种实施方式，如图3或图5所示，所述温度记忆弹性元件14能够在电池内部温度高于预设温控阀值时弹性延伸顶起所述导电片12从而断开所述连接点以断开所述电极端子与所述盖帽11的电连接。
电池电极组件利用温度作为触发温度记忆弹性元件14作用的条件，增强对所述导电片12的拉断力，在满足保护电池的前提下，有效的保护电池内部的安全，保证了导电片12的厚度，提高了电池的过流能力，优化了电池的性能。
本发明的另一种实施方式或作为上述实施方式的一种优化方案，所述导电片12上设有刻痕，所述温度记忆弹性元件14设置于所述导电片12的刻痕下方，温度记忆弹性元件14能够在电池内部温度高于预设温控阀值时弹开刻痕薄弱处以断开所述电极端子与所述盖帽11的电连接。
所述带刻痕的导电片12，有利于在电池异常时温度记忆弹性元件14及时的断开电极端子与导电片12的电连接，保证了电池内的安全。更进一步的，所述电池电极组件包括支撑件15，所述支撑件15设置于所述盖帽11与导电片12之间，所述导电片12的一部分与电极端子的端面连接形成连接点；所述刻痕位于支撑件15和连接点之间；如图4和图6所示，所述支撑件15为环形的绝缘材料制作而成，用于固定导电片12，有利于温度记忆弹性元件14延伸顶起导电片12时更好的将所述导电片12的刻痕薄弱处顶断；所述方案保证了所述导电片的刻痕处的残余厚度，提高了电池的过流能力。
因电池内部特别是电极组件内空间较小，为防止当电池内温度升高，温度记忆弹性元件14延伸，弹开刻痕时，温度记忆弹性元件14与盖帽11接触，或者导电片12的断开处向上翻转与盖帽11接触，存在盖帽与电极端子实质未断开电连接的情况出现，进一步的，优选，盖帽11下表面和/或温度记忆弹性 元件14上设有绝缘涂层，更进一步优选盖帽11下表面上设有绝缘涂层，防止被顶起的导电片12与盖帽11下表面接触导电。
优选，电极组件包括导电环，所述盖帽的外周缘及所述导电片的外周缘均固定连接在该导电环上。
例如，导电环的外端面形成有L型止口，所述导电片的外周缘嵌入支撑在该L型止口中，所述盖帽罩设在导电环上密封连接在该L型止口外周沿上，通过导电环实现盖帽与导电片的电连接。
导电片中部凹陷与电极端子连接，连接可以位于导电环的中心孔内，也可以位于上方，例如电极端子延伸出导电环的中心孔与导电片连接，也可以位于下方，例如导电片中部凹陷出导电环的中心孔与电极端子连接。导电片中部凹陷与电极端子连接一般与电极端子的端面连接。连接可以为焊接。具体如图2、图3、图5所示，圆形导电片12的中部与电极端子的端面中部焊接，可以采用激光焊接。
更进一步优选，导电片12的下表面非连接部位设有绝缘涂层。防止导电片12在焊接区以外的其他部位与电极端子接触而电连接，防止温度记忆弹性元件14的作用失效，电极端子与盖帽11仍存在电连接的情况出现。
温度记忆弹性元件14的位置位于电极端子与导电片之间在高温延伸时能作用导电片即可，作为进一步的优化方案，所述电极端子表面设有凹槽，所述温度记忆弹性元件14位于凹槽内。如图5所示，能进一步节约电池空间，提高电池容量，同时温度记忆弹性元件14也能更好的感应电池内部温度，且能更好的作用于导电片，提到灵敏度，进一步保证电池安全性能，具体可以为在电极端子上表面靠近边缘部分具有环形的凹槽，将温度记忆弹性元件设置于环形凹槽内。
进一步的，所述温度记忆弹性元件14为弹簧状记忆合金元件，所述记忆合金元件的变形温度优选设置为60-80摄氏度(℃)，所述记忆合金元件材料包含但不限于Ni-Mn-Ga-Gd合金或Ni-Mn-Sn合金等。更进一步的，所述温度记忆弹性元件14的截面直径为2.1毫米，所述温度记忆弹性元件14的内径为10毫米。
预设温控阀值即设计的电池需实现电池内部断开的温度，与电池规格相 关，本发明优选预设温控阀值为60-80℃，进一步保证电池安全。
本发明还提供了一种盖板组件，所述盖板组件包括盖板本体21、绝缘密封结构及上述实施例中任一项所述的电池电极组件，详细如图2和图5所示，所述盖板本体21上设有通孔，所述电池电极组件设置于通孔处，所述电池电极组件的电极端子延伸入电池内部，所述电极端子与盖板本体21通过绝缘密封结构绝缘密封。
如图4和图5所示，本实施例具体选用陶瓷环232进行绝缘密封，具体结构可以为陶瓷环232的内端面上连接过渡环233，通过过渡环233接在盖板本体21通孔处，过渡环233可以与陶瓷环232通过陶瓷钎焊相连，例如过渡环233具有形成Z型结构的内圈和外圈，盖板本体21形成有供电极端子穿过的通孔，该通孔的端面为台阶结构，过渡环233的内圈嵌入支撑在台阶结构中，导电环231的外周缘和盖板本体21之间通过陶瓷环232密封连接，即通过盖板本体21与过渡环233、过渡环233与陶瓷环232、陶瓷环232与导电环231以及导电环231与导电片12、盖帽11之间的各自密封来实现密封。电极端子延伸入电池内部与电池内部的内引出片电连接，引出电流，盖板本体21下表面设有注塑件234，用于内引出片与盖板本体21的隔离以及绝缘。
本发明还提供了一种电池，所述电池包括电芯31及上述实施例中的盖板组件，所述电极端子为所述电池的正极端子33和/或负极端子32。
如图3所示，所述盖板本体21上开设有2个通孔，用于安装正极端子33和负极端子32。
本发明的正极和负极可以全部为上述结构的电极组件，也可以任意一个为上述结构电极组件。本发明具体实施例为负极为上述结构的电极组件。具体根据实际需求和实际方案。进一步的，所述电池包括围设于所述电极端子边缘的内引出片，所述内引出片用于所述电芯31与所述电极端子的电连接。具体的实施例如图3和图6所示。
以下为本发明的两个具体实施方案；
具体实施例1：如图1至图3所示，当电池内部发生碰撞、挤压、过充、内部短路等异常情况时，电池内部温度升高，温度达到60至80摄氏度时，温度记忆弹性元件14，发生形变伸长，向上推动导电片12，导电片12被向上顶 起，导电片12与所述电极端子的焊接点断开，所述盖帽11与电极端子断开连接，则所述正极端子33和/或负极与盖帽11断开连接，从而实现电池内部电路的断开，切断异常电池与外部正常电池的联系，把正常电池隔离开，防止更大的安全隐患发生，有效地防止异常电池带来的恶性连锁反应，提高了单个电池的安全性，更提高了整个电池模组的、安全系数。所述导电片12不带刻痕。该设计通过所述温度记忆弹性元件14，增强对所述导电片12与所述电极端子连接点的拉断力，在满足断路保护的前提下，使得导电片12具有较强的过流能力，提升了电池内部的过流能力。
具体实施例2：如图4至图6所示，所述导电片12上设置有支撑件15，所述导电片12在下表面设置有刻痕，温度记忆弹性元件14设置于刻痕处下方。当电池内部发生异常时，电池内部温度升高，温度达到60至80摄氏度时，温度记忆弹性元件14发生形变伸长向上，温度记忆弹性元件14顶起导电片12，导电片12与盖帽11之间的支撑件15将导电片12在一定条件内固定，当温度记忆弹性元件14的弹力超过一定值后，导电片12的刻痕薄弱处断开，盖帽11与电极端子断开连接。电池外部的2个盖帽11虽然依然通过连接片保持连接，但正极端子33和/或负极端子32与盖帽11断开连接，则盖帽11与电池的正极和/或断开连接。所述支撑件15的设置有利于温度记忆弹性元件14有效的断开电极端子与盖帽11的连接，该设计方案通过温度记忆弹性元件14与支撑件15配合使用，增强温度记忆弹性元件14对所述导电片12的薄弱处的拉断力，保证了导电片12的厚度，使得导电片12具有较强的过流能力，提升了电池内部的过流能力，优化了电池性能。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合及组合。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神及原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换及改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种电池电极组件，其特征在于，所述电池电极组件包括盖帽、导电片、电极端子及至少一个温度记忆弹性元件；
    所述盖帽通过导电片与所述电极端子电连接，所述温度记忆弹性元件设置于所述电极端子与所述导电片之间，所述温度记忆弹性元件在电池内部温度高于预设温控阀值时弹性延伸作用于导电片断开所述电极端子与所述盖帽的电连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池电极组件，其特征在于，所述导电片的一部分与电极端子的端面连接形成连接点，所述温度记忆弹性元件在电池内部温度高于预设温控阀值时弹性延伸顶起所述导电片从而断开所述连接点以断开所述电极端子与所述盖帽的电连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电池电极组件，其特征在于，所述导电片上设有刻痕，所述温度记忆弹性元件设置于所述导电片的刻痕下方，所述温度记忆弹性元件能够在电池内部温度高于预设温控阀值时弹开刻痕薄弱处以断开所述电极端子与所述盖帽的电连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池电极组件，其特征在于，所述电池电极组件包括支撑件，所述支撑件设置于所述盖帽与导电片之间，所述导电片的一部分与电极端子的端面连接形成连接点，所述刻痕位于支撑件和连接点之间。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电池电极组件，其特征在于，所述电极端子表面设有凹槽，所述温度记忆弹性元件位于凹槽内。
  6. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电池电极组件，其特征在于，所述盖帽下表面和/或温度记忆弹性元件上设有绝缘涂层。
  7. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电池电极组件，其特征在于，所述电极组件包括导电环，所述盖帽的外周缘及所述导电片的外周缘均固定连接在该导电环上，所述导电片中部凹陷与电极端子连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池电极组件，其特征在于，所述导电片的中部与电极端子焊接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电极组件，其特征在于，所述导电片的下表面非连接部位设有绝缘层。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电池电极组件，其特征在于，所述温度记忆弹性元件为弹簧状记忆合金元件。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的电池电极组件，其特征在于，所述预设温控阀值为60-80摄氏度。
  12. 一种盖板组件，其特征在于，所述盖板组件包括盖板本体、绝缘密封结构及权利要求1-11任一项所述的电池电极组件，所述盖板本体上设有通孔，所述电池电极组件设置于通孔处，所述电池电极组件的电极端子延伸入电池内部，所述电池电极组件的电极端子与盖板本体通过所述绝缘密封结构绝缘密封。
  13. 一种电池，其特征在于，所述电池包括电池壳体、位于所述电池壳体内的电芯及封装所述电池壳体的盖板组件，所述盖板组件为权利要求12所述的盖板组件。
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CN112133879A (zh) * 2020-11-02 2020-12-25 深圳市嘉姆特科技有限公司 一种新结构的电池注塑端子
CN112952280A (zh) * 2019-12-11 2021-06-11 三星Sdi株式会社 电池

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CN205752364U (zh) * 2016-05-17 2016-11-30 比亚迪股份有限公司 电池保护装置、盖板组件及电池
CN206685462U (zh) * 2017-02-27 2017-11-28 比亚迪股份有限公司 一种电池电极组件、盖板组件及电池

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CN112952280B (zh) * 2019-12-11 2023-07-25 三星Sdi株式会社 电池
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