WO2018144704A1 - Devices, systems, and methods for model centric data storage - Google Patents

Devices, systems, and methods for model centric data storage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018144704A1
WO2018144704A1 PCT/US2018/016399 US2018016399W WO2018144704A1 WO 2018144704 A1 WO2018144704 A1 WO 2018144704A1 US 2018016399 W US2018016399 W US 2018016399W WO 2018144704 A1 WO2018144704 A1 WO 2018144704A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
building
data
model
environment
state
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2018/016399
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Girija Parthasarathy
Original Assignee
Honeywell International Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Honeywell International Inc. filed Critical Honeywell International Inc.
Priority to CN201880009879.2A priority Critical patent/CN110268339B/en
Priority to EP18748118.9A priority patent/EP3577526A4/en
Publication of WO2018144704A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018144704A1/en

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B13/00Adaptive control systems, i.e. systems automatically adjusting themselves to have a performance which is optimum according to some preassigned criterion
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2803Home automation networks
    • H04L12/2823Reporting information sensed by appliance or service execution status of appliance services in a home automation network
    • H04L12/2825Reporting to a device located outside the home and the home network
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20Pc systems
    • G05B2219/26Pc applications
    • G05B2219/2614HVAC, heating, ventillation, climate control
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/13Architectural design, e.g. computer-aided architectural design [CAAD] related to design of buildings, bridges, landscapes, production plants or roads
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06NCOMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N20/00Machine learning

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to methods, devices, systems, and computer-readable media for model centric data storage.
  • a number of devices can be utilized to control and/or manage an interior environment of a building (e.g. , house, office building, etc.).
  • a thermostat can be utilized to monitor temperature within the building and control other devices such as a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system.
  • HVAC heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
  • Thermostats can be utilized to monitor and store data relating to the environment within the building.
  • the thermostat can be connected to a network of devices (e.g., internet, etc.).
  • the thermostat within a building can generate a relatively large quantity of data that can require storage space and/or bandwidth to upload to a remote storage device. Increased storage space and/or increased bandwidth can be required when increasing the quantity of data to be monitored and/or a quantity of data to be generated. This data can be very valuable to monitor and store, but can also be relatively expensive with the increased storage capacity required to store the data.
  • Figure 1 is an example of a system for model centric data storage consistent with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 2 is an example of a system for model centric data storage consistent with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 3 is an example of a method for model centric data storage consistent with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 4 is an example of a diagram of a computing device for model centric data storage consistent with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • One or more embodiments include system for model centric data storage, comprising: a computing device to: extract data within a first time period from a number of sensors utilized to determine state data for an environment within a building and state data for devices within the building, determine model parameters utilized to generate a model corresponding to the building based on the extracted data, and generate the model including a predicted state of the environment within the building and a predicted state of the devices within the building for a second time period utilizing streaming data corresponding to the second time period with the model parameters.
  • the model centric data storage can be utilized to lower storage and/or bandwidth requirements of a system while providing thermal models of the building.
  • the thermal models can be utilized to identify model parameters.
  • the model parameters and/or thermal models can be stored instead of sensor data to lower storage and/or bandwidth requirements. For example, a plurality of sensors can be utilized to monitor an environment within a building.
  • the plurality of sensors can be utilized to monitor temperatures within the building and/or device activation within the building.
  • the plurality of sensors can generate a relatively large quantity of data and a portion of the data can be extracted for generating a thermal model of the building.
  • the model parameters from the thermal model can be extracted and stored in memory while the sensor data is discarded or deleted.
  • the model parameters can be utilized to generate predicted sensor data and/or predicted environment data for the building.
  • the model parameters can be utilized to regenerate the sensor data from the plurality of sensors, which can allow the system to discard or delete the sensor data.
  • the model parameters can be stored with less memory space and/or be sent to a database with less bandwidth compared to the sensor data.
  • the model parameters can utilize streaming data to generate predicted environment data within the building.
  • real time data can be utilized as inputs with the model parameters to predict environmental conditions within the building for a plurality of different time periods.
  • the real time data can be utilized to predict when devices within the building will be activated and/or when devices within the building will be deactivated.
  • the real time data can be utilized to determine when an HVAC system will be activated or deactivated during a plurality of different time periods.
  • a or "a number of” something can refer to one or more such things.
  • a number of devices can refer to one or more devices.
  • the designator "N”, as used herein, particularly with respect to reference numerals in the drawings, indicates that a number of the particular feature so designated can be included with a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 1 is an example of a system 100 for model centric data storage consistent with the present disclosure.
  • the system 100 can be utilized to generate models such as thermal response models for a building.
  • the system 100 can be utilized to generate a thermal response model for a house or office building.
  • the thermal response models can be utilized to identify model parameters that can be utilized to predict environment conditions within the building and/or device activation or deactivation within the building.
  • the system 100 can utilize the predictions to identify unsafe temperatures within the building, predict HVAC activation, predict HVAC deactivation, compare energy efficiency of similar buildings, recreate environmental conditions for a historical reference, and/or identify demand response devices to deactivate.
  • the system 100 can include building data 102.
  • the building data 102 can include sensor data corresponding to the building.
  • the sensor data can include, but is not limited to: temperature sensor data from a thermostat, temperature sensor data from a sensor coupled to the thermostat, HVAC sensor data, moisture sensor data, and/or other state sensors corresponding to the environment within the building.
  • the building data 102 can be high frequency high resolution (HFHR) data.
  • HFHR data refers to time series data that updates at a relatively rapid frequency (e.g., updates each second, updates every fraction of a second, etc.).
  • the building data 102 can be collected by the plurality of sensors every second or every fraction of a second.
  • the building data 102 can include temperature data within the building, state data of a thermostat, settings of a thermostat, settings of an HVAC system, activation of the HVAC system, and/or deactivation of the HVAC system.
  • the building data 102 can be relatively precise building data.
  • the building data can include precise temperature data that includes at least three significant figures (e.g., 70.3°F) compared to less precise temperature data that includes two significant figures (e.g., 71 °F).
  • the building data 102 can include time stamps to identify the building data 102 with a particular time period.
  • the temperature data can include a time stamp to identify a time period when the temperature data was collected.
  • the settings of the HVAC system can include a time stamp to identify a time period when the settings of the HVAC system were determined.
  • the time stamps can be utilized to organize the building data 102 for a particular time period.
  • the building data 102 can be collected for the time period of 30 days.
  • the building data 102 that includes time stamps within the 30 day time period can be stored in data storage 106.
  • the time stamps can be utilized to correlate the building data 102 within the data storage 106 such that the building data 102 with different time stamps can be compared based on the time period of the building data 102.
  • the system 100 can include weather data 104 and/or exterior environment data for the building.
  • the weather data 104 can include environment data outside the building.
  • the environment outside the building can affect the environment within the building. For example, relatively colder temperatures outside the building can cause the environment inside the building to cool at a relatively faster pace.
  • the weather data 104 can include corresponding time stamps to identify a time when the weather data 104 was collected or determined.
  • the time stamps can be utilized similarly to the time stamps
  • the weather data 104 can be organized based on the time stamps.
  • the weather data 104 can be stored in data storage 108.
  • the data stored in data storage 106 and the data stored in data storage 108 can be utilized to generate a model at 1 10.
  • the model generated at 1 10 can be a thermal response model for the building that corresponds to the stored data within data storage 106 and stored data within data storage 108.
  • data corresponding the inside of the building can be extracted from the data storage 106 for a particular time period (e.g., 1 month period, etc.).
  • data corresponding the inside of the building can be extracted from the data storage 106 for a particular time period (e.g., 1 month period, etc.).
  • data corresponding the inside of the building can be extracted from the data storage 106 for a particular time period (e.g., 1 month period, etc.).
  • data corresponding the inside of the building can be extracted from the data storage 106 for a particular time period (e.g., 1 month period, etc.).
  • data corresponding the inside of the building can be extracted from the data storage 106 for a particular time period (e.g., 1 month period,
  • the generated model at 1 10 can be a thermal response model of the building.
  • the thermal response model of the building can be a function of the weather data 104 for the building. That is, the thermal response model can represent temperature within the building over a time period with corresponding temperatures outside the building over the same time period.
  • the environment outside the building can affect the environment inside the building.
  • the thermal response model can be a function of the environment outside the building affecting the environment inside the building over time.
  • the generated model at 1 10 can be a polynomial model such as auto-regressive exogenous (ARX) models.
  • the model at 1 10 can be generated based on a function of the weather data and an initial interior temperature of the building.
  • the model at 1 10 can utilize an outdoor temperature of the building to determine a predicted indoor temperature of the building.
  • the model at 1 10 can include a steps ahead prediction (e.g. , five steps ahead prediction model) that can utilize an actual indoor temperature within the building to predict "five future steps" instead of utilizing previously predicted indoor temperatures.
  • the generated model at 1 10 can be utilized to extract model parameters at 1 12.
  • the model parameters can be a function of the environment outside the building affecting the environment inside the building.
  • the model parameters can be utilized to provide inputs that can be utilized to predict the environment inside the building and/or predict a state of devices inside the building for a time period based on weather data corresponding to the time period. For example, weather data can be input into the model parameters to generate a predictive model of the environment inside the building and/or generate a predictive model of the state of devices inside the building.
  • Predicting the environment inside the building can include predicting a temperature within the building based on providing inputs into the model parameters. Predicting the state of the devices inside the building can include predicting when a device is activated and/or predicting when a device is deactivated for a time period. In some examples, predicting the state of the devices inside the building can be utilized to determine demand response devices to deactivate and/or activate.
  • the generated model at 1 10 can be discarded or deleted from the system 100.
  • the building data 102 and the weather data 104 can be utilized to generate the model at 1 10 and can be discarded or deleted from the system 100.
  • storage and/or bandwidth can be reduced by only storing the model parameters extracted at 1 12 compared to storing or transmitting the building data 102 and/or the weather data 104.
  • the weather data 104 may not be stored in a database and may be obtained from a different source than the building data 102.
  • the model parameters can utilize streaming data to predict the environment inside the building.
  • streaming data can include data that is not stored and retrieved from memory.
  • Figure 2 is an example of a system 200 for model centric data storage consistent with the present disclosure.
  • the system 200 can represent a system that utilizes the model parameters 212 that are generated by a system 100 as referenced in Figure 1 .
  • the system 200 can utilize the model parameters 212 with streaming data to determine a predicted environment of a building without saving the streaming data or by only saving the model parameters 212. This can reduce storage and/or bandwidth as described herein.
  • the system 200 can include building data 202.
  • the building data 202 can include data relating to an environment within or inside a particular building.
  • the building data 202 can include real time data of temperature inside the building, real time data of activation or deactivation of devices inside the building, and/or other data relating to the building.
  • the system 200 can include storage data 222.
  • the storage data can include historical data relating to the building.
  • the storage data 222 can be historical building data that is the same or similar as the building data 202.
  • the storage data 222 can be historical data relating to temperatures inside the building, activation or deactivation of devices inside the building, and/or other historical data relating to the building.
  • the system 200 can include weather data 204.
  • the weather data can include environment data outside the building.
  • the environment outside the building can affect the environment inside the building.
  • the weather data 204 can include temperature data outside the building.
  • the system 200 can include generated model parameters 212.
  • the model parameters 212 can be generated as described herein in reference to Figure 1 .
  • the model parameters 212 can be stored instead of storing data (e.g., building data 202, weather data 204, high frequency high resolution (HFHR data, etc.).
  • the model parameters can be utilized by a predictor 224 to determine a predicted state of the environment 226 for the building (e.g., a predicted model, predicted air temperature, etc.).
  • the system 200 can include a predictor 224 that utilizes the model parameters 212 to determine a predicted state of the environment 226 utilizing streaming data.
  • the streaming data can include weather data 204, building data 202, and/or storage data 222 that is utilized to determine a predicted state of the environment 226 and discarded upon determination of the predicted state of the environment 226.
  • the streaming data can be delta data.
  • delta data includes data representing a change from a previous data point.
  • delta data can include a data point where the previous data point was different.
  • the delta data can include weather data 204 where a temperature outside the building changes from 70° Fahrenheit (F) to 71 ° F.
  • the delta data from the weather data 204 can be utilized by the predictor 224.
  • non-delta data may not be utilized by the predictor 224.
  • non-delta data includes a data point where the previous data point is the same.
  • the system 200 can reduce processing, storage, and/or bandwidth requirements of the predictor 224. For example, relatively less data may be stored for utilization by the predictor 224 and relatively less bandwidth may be utilized when sending the delta data to the predictor 224.
  • the predictor 224 can utilize delta weather data 204 and delta state data of devices inside the building.
  • the predictor 224 can predict a temperature inside the building
  • the predictor 224 can utilize the weather data 204 to determine a temperature outside the building (T_oa) at a particular time to predict the temperature inside the building at the particular time. In some examples, the predictor 224 can utilize an initial temperature inside the building (Tjnitial) at a particular time to predict the temperature inside the building at the particular time. The predictor 224 can also utilize state data for devices inside the building at a particular time period to predict the temperature inside the building at the particular time period.
  • the predictor 224 can utilize the model parameters 212 to determine a predicted state of the environment 226 based on a combination of weather data 204 and building data 202. For example, the predictor 224 can determine a predicted state of the environment 226 for a building based on a temperature outside the building and an activation state of an HVAC system of the building. In some examples, the predictor 224 can receive and/or utilize delta data. As described herein, delta data includes a data point that is altered from a previous data point.
  • the predictor 224 can receive and/or utilize streaming data from the building data 202, storage data 222, and/or weather data 204.
  • steaming data can include data that is received by the predictor 224 and discarded instead of stored. Utilizing streaming data instead of stored data can lower bandwidth of
  • the streaming data can be utilized by the predictor 224 to determine delta data.
  • the predictor 224 can receive streaming data from the weather data 204 and/or the building data 202 to determine when there is a change in data points to identify the delta data.
  • the delta data can be utilized to determine a predicted state of the environment.
  • the predictor 224 can utilize low-resolution data from the building data 202 and/or weather data 204.
  • the low-resolution data can be estimated data or relatively less accurate data from a plurality of sensors.
  • high-resolution data can include a temperature data point of 70.159° F.
  • corresponding low-resolution data can be 70° F.
  • the predicted state of the environment 226 generated by the predictor 224 can be a visual representation of predicted temperature data for the inside of a building over a time period.
  • the predicted state of the environment 226 can also include a visual representation of a predicted state of devices inside the building.
  • the predicted state of devices can include a predicted activated state of the devices and/or a predicted deactivated state of the devices over a time period.
  • the predicted state of the environment 226 can include a visual representation of energy efficiency of the building over a period of time.
  • the energy efficiency of the building can represent a change in temperature inside the building over time under a plurality of different conditions (e.g., temperature outside the building, activation duration of devices inside the building, etc.).
  • the energy efficiency of the building can be utilized to identify areas of energy loss from inside the building.
  • the areas of energy loss can include, but are not limited to: windows, insulation defects, and/or extreme temperatures outside the building.
  • Figure 3 is an example of a method 300 for model centric data storage consistent with the present disclosure.
  • the method 300 can be executed by a computing device as described herein and/or implemented within a system as described herein.
  • the method 300 can be utilized to determine a predicted state of an environment inside a building, an efficiency of the building, and/or device activation and deactivation over a time period.
  • the method 300 can include identifying model parameters for a building based on thermal data associated with the building.
  • a thermal model of a building can be generated utilizing stored data corresponding to the building.
  • the model parameters can be identified from the thermal model of the building.
  • the model parameters can be utilized by a predictor to determine a predicted state of the environment as described herein.
  • the method 300 can include discarding the thermal data associated with the building.
  • the thermal data of the building, weather data corresponding to the building, and/or other data relating to the building can be utilized by the predictor and/or model parameters to determine a predicted state of the environment.
  • the thermal data associated with the building can be discarded or deleted when the thermal data is utilized by the predictor.
  • the thermal data can be streaming data that is analyzed to determine delta data as described herein.
  • the thermal data can be regenerated by the predictor and/or the model parameters in case the thermal data for a particular time period is to be utilized later.
  • streaming thermal data can lower the cost of storing relatively large quantities of data and streaming thermal data can also lower bandwidth requirements.
  • the streaming thermal data can be discarded and identified delta thermal data can be utilized by the predictor.
  • the method 300 can include storing the model parameters for the building. As described herein, only the model parameters may be stored to reduce storage requirements of the system.
  • the model parameters can be utilized to regenerate specific temperature data for a particular time period. This can allow the system to discard the thermal HFHR data until it is needed and then regenerate the thermal data.
  • the method 300 can include determining a predicted state of an environment of the building for a time period based on the model parameters.
  • a predictor can utilize the model parameters to determine a predicted state of an environment of the building (e.g., temperature within the building, etc.) and/or a predicted thermal model of the building for a plurality of different time periods.
  • the predictor can generate simulated thermal models for a building based on simulated data instead of real time data.
  • the method 300 can include generating an energy report for the building based on the predicted state of the environment, wherein the energy report includes a predicted temperature within the building and a predicted activation/deactivation state of devices within the building.
  • the energy report can include an energy efficiency of the building over time.
  • the method 300 can include regenerating the thermal data associated with the building for a time period utilizing the model parameters for the building.
  • the thermal data doesn't need to be stored by a system.
  • the thermal data can be regenerated utilizing the model parameters for the building.
  • the method 300 can include predicting device activation and device deactivation for the devices within the building utilizing the model parameters for the building.
  • predicting device activation and/or device deactivation can include predicting when a device will be in an on state or when a device will be in an off state.
  • predicting device activation and device deactivation can include predicting when an HVAC unit for a building will be activated and predicting when the HVAC unit for the building will be deactivated.
  • the HVAC unit can be a demand response device for a utility company and the predictions can be utilized to determine if or when the HVAC unit should be deactivated or provided lower resources.
  • the method 300 can include predicting future indoor temperature of the building utilizing the model parameters for the building. As described herein, predicting future indoor temperature of the building can be utilized to determine when to activate or deactivate devices relating to the building. In some examples, the future indoor temperature can be utilized to determine a time to activate and/or a time to deactivate an HVAC unit.
  • the energy report can analyze efficiency degradation of the building over time and/or degradation of devices inside the building over time. For example, the energy report can be utilized to compare energy efficiency of a building for a first time period and a second time period.
  • a HVAC system may start running for longer periods of time compared to previous predicted states of the environment, which can indicate that the HVAC system may be degrading or failing.
  • the energy report can also analyze efficiency degradation of insulation within the building. For example, the energy report can identify that the thermal model of the building indicates that there is relatively more heat loss compared to previous thermal models for the building.
  • the energy report can be a visual representation of changes occurring in the thermal response of a building over time.
  • FIG 4 is an example of a diagram of a computing device 440 for a dynamic temperature sensor consistent with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Computing device 440 can be, for example, an embedded system as described herein, among other types of computing devices.
  • the computing device 440 can be utilized to perform a method 300 as referenced in Figure 3.
  • the computing device 440 can generate a thermal model for a building based on state data for an environment with the building and state data for heating and cooling devices within the building.
  • the computing device 440 can determine a number of parameters for the thermal model based on a determined number of inputs for the thermal model.
  • the computing device 440 can discard the state data for the environment of the building and state data for the heating and cooling devices within the building. In certain embodiments, the computing device 440 can store the number of parameters.
  • the computing device 440 can also generate an energy report for the building that includes predicted state data for the environment and predicted state data for the heating and cooling devices within the building over a selected time period.
  • computing device 440 includes a memory 442 and a processor 444 coupled to user interface 446.
  • Memory 442 can be any type of storage medium that can be accessed by processor 444, which performs various examples of the present disclosure.
  • memory 442 can be a non-transitory computer readable medium having computer readable instructions (e.g. , computer program instructions) stored thereon.
  • Processor 444 executes instructions to provide a variable voltage to a sensor based on signals from the sensor in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Processor 444 can also determine when a signal from the sensor is below a first threshold.
  • Processor 444 can also increase or decrease a voltage to the sensor.
  • processor 444 and user interface 446 are illustrated as being located in computing device 440,
  • memory 442 can also be located internal to another computing resource (e.g., enabling computer readable instructions to be downloaded over the Internet or another wired or wireless connection). Part of the memory can be storage in a cloud storage.
  • Processor 444 can be a cloud computer.
  • computing device 440 can also include a user interface 446.
  • User interface 446 can include, for example, a display (e.g., a screen, an LED light, etc.).
  • the display can be, for instance, a touch-screen (e.g., the display can include touch-screen capabilities).
  • User interface 446 e.g., the display of user interface 446) can provide (e.g., display and/or present) information to a user of computing device 440.
  • computing device 440 can receive information from the user of computing device 440 through an interaction with the user via user interface 446.
  • computing device 440 e.g., the display of user interface 446
  • computing device 440 can receive input from the user via user interface 446.
  • the user can enter the input into computing device 440 using, for instance, a mouse and/or keyboard associated with computing device 440, or by touching the display of user interface 446 in embodiments in which the display includes touch-screen capabilities (e.g., embodiments in which the display is a touch screen).
  • logic is an alternative or additional processing resource to execute the actions and/or functions, etc., described herein, which includes hardware (e.g., various forms of transistor logic, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc.), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), as opposed to computer executable instructions (e.g., software, firmware, etc.) stored in memory and executable by a processor.
  • hardware e.g., various forms of transistor logic, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc.
  • FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
  • computer executable instructions e.g., software, firmware, etc.

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Abstract

Devices, methods, systems, and computer-readable media for model centric data storage are described herein. One or more embodiments include system for model centric data storage, comprising: a computing device to: extract data within a first time period from a number of sensors utilized to determine state data for an environment within a building and state data for devices within the building, determine model parameters utilized to generate a model corresponding to the building based on the extracted data, and generate the model including a predicted state of the environment within the building and a predicted state of the devices within the building for a second time period utilizing streaming data corresponding to the second time period with the model parameters.

Description

DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND METHODS FOR MODEL CENTRIC DATA
STORAGE
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to methods, devices, systems, and computer-readable media for model centric data storage.
Background
A number of devices can be utilized to control and/or manage an interior environment of a building (e.g. , house, office building, etc.). In some examples, a thermostat can be utilized to monitor temperature within the building and control other devices such as a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system. Thermostats can be utilized to monitor and store data relating to the environment within the building. In some examples, the thermostat can be connected to a network of devices (e.g., internet, etc.).
The thermostat within a building can generate a relatively large quantity of data that can require storage space and/or bandwidth to upload to a remote storage device. Increased storage space and/or increased bandwidth can be required when increasing the quantity of data to be monitored and/or a quantity of data to be generated. This data can be very valuable to monitor and store, but can also be relatively expensive with the increased storage capacity required to store the data. Brief Description of the Drawings
Figure 1 is an example of a system for model centric data storage consistent with the present disclosure.
Figure 2 is an example of a system for model centric data storage consistent with the present disclosure.
Figure 3 is an example of a method for model centric data storage consistent with the present disclosure. Figure 4 is an example of a diagram of a computing device for model centric data storage consistent with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Description
Devices, methods, systems, and computer-readable media for model centric data storage are described herein. One or more embodiments include system for model centric data storage, comprising: a computing device to: extract data within a first time period from a number of sensors utilized to determine state data for an environment within a building and state data for devices within the building, determine model parameters utilized to generate a model corresponding to the building based on the extracted data, and generate the model including a predicted state of the environment within the building and a predicted state of the devices within the building for a second time period utilizing streaming data corresponding to the second time period with the model parameters.
The model centric data storage can be utilized to lower storage and/or bandwidth requirements of a system while providing thermal models of the building. The thermal models can be utilized to identify model parameters. The model parameters and/or thermal models can be stored instead of sensor data to lower storage and/or bandwidth requirements. For example, a plurality of sensors can be utilized to monitor an environment within a building.
The plurality of sensors can be utilized to monitor temperatures within the building and/or device activation within the building. In this example, the plurality of sensors can generate a relatively large quantity of data and a portion of the data can be extracted for generating a thermal model of the building. The model parameters from the thermal model can be extracted and stored in memory while the sensor data is discarded or deleted. The model parameters can be utilized to generate predicted sensor data and/or predicted environment data for the building. In some examples, the model parameters can be utilized to regenerate the sensor data from the plurality of sensors, which can allow the system to discard or delete the sensor data. The model parameters can be stored with less memory space and/or be sent to a database with less bandwidth compared to the sensor data. The model parameters can utilize streaming data to generate predicted environment data within the building. For example, real time data can be utilized as inputs with the model parameters to predict environmental conditions within the building for a plurality of different time periods. In another example, the real time data can be utilized to predict when devices within the building will be activated and/or when devices within the building will be deactivated. For example, the real time data can be utilized to determine when an HVAC system will be activated or deactivated during a plurality of different time periods.
In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof. The drawings show by way of illustration how one or more embodiments of the disclosure may be practiced.
These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to practice one or more embodiments of this disclosure. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and that process changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
As will be appreciated, elements shown in the various
embodiments herein can be added, exchanged, combined, and/or eliminated so as to provide a number of additional embodiments of the present disclosure. The proportion and the relative scale of the elements provided in the figures are intended to illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure, and should not be taken in a limiting sense.
The figures herein follow a numbering convention in which the first digit corresponds to the drawing figure number and the remaining digits identify an element or component in the drawing. Similar elements or components between different figures may be identified by the use of similar remaining digits.
As used herein, "a" or "a number of" something can refer to one or more such things. For example, "a number of devices" can refer to one or more devices. Additionally, the designator "N", as used herein, particularly with respect to reference numerals in the drawings, indicates that a number of the particular feature so designated can be included with a number of embodiments of the present disclosure.
Figure 1 is an example of a system 100 for model centric data storage consistent with the present disclosure. The system 100 can be utilized to generate models such as thermal response models for a building. For example, the system 100 can be utilized to generate a thermal response model for a house or office building. The thermal response models can be utilized to identify model parameters that can be utilized to predict environment conditions within the building and/or device activation or deactivation within the building. The system 100 can utilize the predictions to identify unsafe temperatures within the building, predict HVAC activation, predict HVAC deactivation, compare energy efficiency of similar buildings, recreate environmental conditions for a historical reference, and/or identify demand response devices to deactivate.
The system 100 can include building data 102. The building data 102 can include sensor data corresponding to the building. The sensor data can include, but is not limited to: temperature sensor data from a thermostat, temperature sensor data from a sensor coupled to the thermostat, HVAC sensor data, moisture sensor data, and/or other state sensors corresponding to the environment within the building.
The building data 102 can be high frequency high resolution (HFHR) data. As used herein, HFHR data refers to time series data that updates at a relatively rapid frequency (e.g., updates each second, updates every fraction of a second, etc.). For example, the building data 102 can be collected by the plurality of sensors every second or every fraction of a second. In this example, the building data 102 can include temperature data within the building, state data of a thermostat, settings of a thermostat, settings of an HVAC system, activation of the HVAC system, and/or deactivation of the HVAC system. In some examples, the building data 102 can be relatively precise building data. For example, the building data can include precise temperature data that includes at least three significant figures (e.g., 70.3°F) compared to less precise temperature data that includes two significant figures (e.g., 71 °F).
The building data 102 can include time stamps to identify the building data 102 with a particular time period. For example, the temperature data can include a time stamp to identify a time period when the temperature data was collected. In another example, the settings of the HVAC system can include a time stamp to identify a time period when the settings of the HVAC system were determined.
The time stamps can be utilized to organize the building data 102 for a particular time period. For example, the building data 102 can be collected for the time period of 30 days. In this example, the building data 102 that includes time stamps within the 30 day time period can be stored in data storage 106. The time stamps can be utilized to correlate the building data 102 within the data storage 106 such that the building data 102 with different time stamps can be compared based on the time period of the building data 102.
The system 100 can include weather data 104 and/or exterior environment data for the building. For example, the weather data 104 can include environment data outside the building. The environment outside the building can affect the environment within the building. For example, relatively colder temperatures outside the building can cause the environment inside the building to cool at a relatively faster pace.
The weather data 104 can include corresponding time stamps to identify a time when the weather data 104 was collected or determined. The time stamps can be utilized similarly to the time stamps
corresponding to the building data 102. For example, the weather data 104 can be organized based on the time stamps. In some examples, the weather data 104 can be stored in data storage 108.
The data stored in data storage 106 and the data stored in data storage 108 can be utilized to generate a model at 1 10. The model generated at 1 10 can be a thermal response model for the building that corresponds to the stored data within data storage 106 and stored data within data storage 108. For example, data corresponding the inside of the building can be extracted from the data storage 106 for a particular time period (e.g., 1 month period, etc.). In this example, data
corresponding to the outside of the building can be extracted from the data storage 108.
The generated model at 1 10 can be a thermal response model of the building. In some examples, the thermal response model of the building can be a function of the weather data 104 for the building. That is, the thermal response model can represent temperature within the building over a time period with corresponding temperatures outside the building over the same time period. As described herein, the environment outside the building can affect the environment inside the building. Thus, the thermal response model can be a function of the environment outside the building affecting the environment inside the building over time.
The generated model at 1 10 can be a polynomial model such as auto-regressive exogenous (ARX) models. In some examples, the model at 1 10 can be generated based on a function of the weather data and an initial interior temperature of the building. In some examples, the model at 1 10 can utilize an outdoor temperature of the building to determine a predicted indoor temperature of the building. The model at 1 10 can include a steps ahead prediction (e.g. , five steps ahead prediction model) that can utilize an actual indoor temperature within the building to predict "five future steps" instead of utilizing previously predicted indoor temperatures.
The generated model at 1 10 can be utilized to extract model parameters at 1 12. The model parameters can be a function of the environment outside the building affecting the environment inside the building. The model parameters can be utilized to provide inputs that can be utilized to predict the environment inside the building and/or predict a state of devices inside the building for a time period based on weather data corresponding to the time period. For example, weather data can be input into the model parameters to generate a predictive model of the environment inside the building and/or generate a predictive model of the state of devices inside the building.
Predicting the environment inside the building can include predicting a temperature within the building based on providing inputs into the model parameters. Predicting the state of the devices inside the building can include predicting when a device is activated and/or predicting when a device is deactivated for a time period. In some examples, predicting the state of the devices inside the building can be utilized to determine demand response devices to deactivate and/or activate.
As described further herein, when the model parameters are extracted, the generated model at 1 10 can be discarded or deleted from the system 100. In addition, the building data 102 and the weather data 104 can be utilized to generate the model at 1 10 and can be discarded or deleted from the system 100. Thus, storage and/or bandwidth can be reduced by only storing the model parameters extracted at 1 12 compared to storing or transmitting the building data 102 and/or the weather data 104. In some examples, the weather data 104 may not be stored in a database and may be obtained from a different source than the building data 102. As described further herein, the model parameters can utilize streaming data to predict the environment inside the building. As used herein, streaming data can include data that is not stored and retrieved from memory.
Figure 2 is an example of a system 200 for model centric data storage consistent with the present disclosure. The system 200 can represent a system that utilizes the model parameters 212 that are generated by a system 100 as referenced in Figure 1 . The system 200 can utilize the model parameters 212 with streaming data to determine a predicted environment of a building without saving the streaming data or by only saving the model parameters 212. This can reduce storage and/or bandwidth as described herein.
The system 200 can include building data 202. As described herein, the building data 202 can include data relating to an environment within or inside a particular building. In some examples, the building data 202 can include real time data of temperature inside the building, real time data of activation or deactivation of devices inside the building, and/or other data relating to the building.
The system 200 can include storage data 222. The storage data can include historical data relating to the building. In some examples, the storage data 222 can be historical building data that is the same or similar as the building data 202. For example, the storage data 222 can be historical data relating to temperatures inside the building, activation or deactivation of devices inside the building, and/or other historical data relating to the building.
The system 200 can include weather data 204. As described herein, the weather data can include environment data outside the building. The environment outside the building can affect the environment inside the building. The weather data 204 can include temperature data outside the building.
The system 200 can include generated model parameters 212. The model parameters 212 can be generated as described herein in reference to Figure 1 . As described herein, the model parameters 212 can be stored instead of storing data (e.g., building data 202, weather data 204, high frequency high resolution (HFHR data, etc.). The model parameters can be utilized by a predictor 224 to determine a predicted state of the environment 226 for the building (e.g., a predicted model, predicted air temperature, etc.).
The system 200 can include a predictor 224 that utilizes the model parameters 212 to determine a predicted state of the environment 226 utilizing streaming data. The streaming data can include weather data 204, building data 202, and/or storage data 222 that is utilized to determine a predicted state of the environment 226 and discarded upon determination of the predicted state of the environment 226.
In some examples, the streaming data can be delta data. As used herein, delta data includes data representing a change from a previous data point. For example, delta data can include a data point where the previous data point was different. In another example, the delta data can include weather data 204 where a temperature outside the building changes from 70° Fahrenheit (F) to 71 ° F. In this example, the delta data from the weather data 204 can be utilized by the predictor 224. In some examples, non-delta data may not be utilized by the predictor 224. As used herein, non-delta data includes a data point where the previous data point is the same.
By utilizing only delta data the system 200 can reduce processing, storage, and/or bandwidth requirements of the predictor 224. For example, relatively less data may be stored for utilization by the predictor 224 and relatively less bandwidth may be utilized when sending the delta data to the predictor 224. In some examples, the predictor 224 can utilize delta weather data 204 and delta state data of devices inside the building.
The predictor 224 can predict a temperature inside the building
(T_in(t)) at a particular time period based on the model parameters 212. In some examples, the predictor 224 can utilize the weather data 204 to determine a temperature outside the building (T_oa) at a particular time to predict the temperature inside the building at the particular time. In some examples, the predictor 224 can utilize an initial temperature inside the building (Tjnitial) at a particular time to predict the temperature inside the building at the particular time. The predictor 224 can also utilize state data for devices inside the building at a particular time period to predict the temperature inside the building at the particular time period.
The predictor 224 can utilize the model parameters 212 to determine a predicted state of the environment 226 based on a combination of weather data 204 and building data 202. For example, the predictor 224 can determine a predicted state of the environment 226 for a building based on a temperature outside the building and an activation state of an HVAC system of the building. In some examples, the predictor 224 can receive and/or utilize delta data. As described herein, delta data includes a data point that is altered from a previous data point.
In some examples, the predictor 224 can receive and/or utilize streaming data from the building data 202, storage data 222, and/or weather data 204. As used herein, steaming data can include data that is received by the predictor 224 and discarded instead of stored. Utilizing streaming data instead of stored data can lower bandwidth of
communication with the predictor 224 and/or lower storage requirements of the predictor 224. In some examples, the streaming data can be utilized by the predictor 224 to determine delta data. For example, the predictor 224 can receive streaming data from the weather data 204 and/or the building data 202 to determine when there is a change in data points to identify the delta data. In these examples, the delta data can be utilized to determine a predicted state of the environment.
In some examples, the predictor 224 can utilize low-resolution data from the building data 202 and/or weather data 204. As used herein, the low-resolution data can be estimated data or relatively less accurate data from a plurality of sensors. For example, high-resolution data can include a temperature data point of 70.159° F. In this example, corresponding low-resolution data can be 70° F.
The predicted state of the environment 226 generated by the predictor 224 can be a visual representation of predicted temperature data for the inside of a building over a time period. The predicted state of the environment 226 can also include a visual representation of a predicted state of devices inside the building. In some examples, the predicted state of devices can include a predicted activated state of the devices and/or a predicted deactivated state of the devices over a time period. The predicted state of the environment 226 can include a visual representation of energy efficiency of the building over a period of time.
The energy efficiency of the building can represent a change in temperature inside the building over time under a plurality of different conditions (e.g., temperature outside the building, activation duration of devices inside the building, etc.). The energy efficiency of the building can be utilized to identify areas of energy loss from inside the building. For example, the areas of energy loss can include, but are not limited to: windows, insulation defects, and/or extreme temperatures outside the building.
Figure 3 is an example of a method 300 for model centric data storage consistent with the present disclosure. The method 300 can be executed by a computing device as described herein and/or implemented within a system as described herein. The method 300 can be utilized to determine a predicted state of an environment inside a building, an efficiency of the building, and/or device activation and deactivation over a time period.
At 330 the method 300 can include identifying model parameters for a building based on thermal data associated with the building. As described herein, a thermal model of a building can be generated utilizing stored data corresponding to the building. In some examples, the model parameters can be identified from the thermal model of the building. The model parameters can be utilized by a predictor to determine a predicted state of the environment as described herein.
At 332 the method 300 can include discarding the thermal data associated with the building. As described herein, the thermal data of the building, weather data corresponding to the building, and/or other data relating to the building can be utilized by the predictor and/or model parameters to determine a predicted state of the environment. In some examples, the thermal data associated with the building can be discarded or deleted when the thermal data is utilized by the predictor. The thermal data can be streaming data that is analyzed to determine delta data as described herein. The thermal data can be regenerated by the predictor and/or the model parameters in case the thermal data for a particular time period is to be utilized later.
As described herein, utilizing streaming thermal data can lower the cost of storing relatively large quantities of data and streaming thermal data can also lower bandwidth requirements. In some examples, the streaming thermal data can be discarded and identified delta thermal data can be utilized by the predictor.
At 334 the method 300 can include storing the model parameters for the building. As described herein, only the model parameters may be stored to reduce storage requirements of the system. The model parameters can be utilized to regenerate specific temperature data for a particular time period. This can allow the system to discard the thermal HFHR data until it is needed and then regenerate the thermal data.
At 336 the method 300 can include determining a predicted state of an environment of the building for a time period based on the model parameters. As described herein, a predictor can utilize the model parameters to determine a predicted state of an environment of the building (e.g., temperature within the building, etc.) and/or a predicted thermal model of the building for a plurality of different time periods. In some examples, the predictor can generate simulated thermal models for a building based on simulated data instead of real time data.
At 338 the method 300 can include generating an energy report for the building based on the predicted state of the environment, wherein the energy report includes a predicted temperature within the building and a predicted activation/deactivation state of devices within the building. The energy report can include an energy efficiency of the building over time.
In some examples, the method 300 can include regenerating the thermal data associated with the building for a time period utilizing the model parameters for the building. As described herein, the thermal data doesn't need to be stored by a system. For example, the thermal data can be regenerated utilizing the model parameters for the building.
In some examples, the method 300 can include predicting device activation and device deactivation for the devices within the building utilizing the model parameters for the building. As described herein, predicting device activation and/or device deactivation can include predicting when a device will be in an on state or when a device will be in an off state. For example, predicting device activation and device deactivation can include predicting when an HVAC unit for a building will be activated and predicting when the HVAC unit for the building will be deactivated. In this example, the HVAC unit can be a demand response device for a utility company and the predictions can be utilized to determine if or when the HVAC unit should be deactivated or provided lower resources.
In some examples, the method 300 can include predicting future indoor temperature of the building utilizing the model parameters for the building. As described herein, predicting future indoor temperature of the building can be utilized to determine when to activate or deactivate devices relating to the building. In some examples, the future indoor temperature can be utilized to determine a time to activate and/or a time to deactivate an HVAC unit.
The energy report can analyze efficiency degradation of the building over time and/or degradation of devices inside the building over time. For example, the energy report can be utilized to compare energy efficiency of a building for a first time period and a second time period. In this example, a HVAC system may start running for longer periods of time compared to previous predicted states of the environment, which can indicate that the HVAC system may be degrading or failing.
The energy report can also analyze efficiency degradation of insulation within the building. For example, the energy report can identify that the thermal model of the building indicates that there is relatively more heat loss compared to previous thermal models for the building. The energy report can be a visual representation of changes occurring in the thermal response of a building over time.
Figure 4 is an example of a diagram of a computing device 440 for a dynamic temperature sensor consistent with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Computing device 440 can be, for example, an embedded system as described herein, among other types of computing devices. For example, the computing device 440 can be utilized to perform a method 300 as referenced in Figure 3. In some examples, the computing device 440 can generate a thermal model for a building based on state data for an environment with the building and state data for heating and cooling devices within the building. The computing device 440 can determine a number of parameters for the thermal model based on a determined number of inputs for the thermal model.
The computing device 440 can discard the state data for the environment of the building and state data for the heating and cooling devices within the building. In certain embodiments, the computing device 440 can store the number of parameters.
The computing device 440 can also generate an energy report for the building that includes predicted state data for the environment and predicted state data for the heating and cooling devices within the building over a selected time period.
As shown in Figure 4, computing device 440 includes a memory 442 and a processor 444 coupled to user interface 446. Memory 442 can be any type of storage medium that can be accessed by processor 444, which performs various examples of the present disclosure. For example, memory 442 can be a non-transitory computer readable medium having computer readable instructions (e.g. , computer program instructions) stored thereon.
Processor 444 executes instructions to provide a variable voltage to a sensor based on signals from the sensor in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Processor 444 can also determine when a signal from the sensor is below a first threshold.
Processor 444 can also increase or decrease a voltage to the sensor.
Further, although memory 442, processor 444 and user interface 446 are illustrated as being located in computing device 440,
embodiments of the present disclosure are not so limited. For example, memory 442 can also be located internal to another computing resource (e.g., enabling computer readable instructions to be downloaded over the Internet or another wired or wireless connection). Part of the memory can be storage in a cloud storage. Processor 444 can be a cloud computer.
As shown in Figure 4, computing device 440 can also include a user interface 446. User interface 446 can include, for example, a display (e.g., a screen, an LED light, etc.). The display can be, for instance, a touch-screen (e.g., the display can include touch-screen capabilities). User interface 446 (e.g., the display of user interface 446) can provide (e.g., display and/or present) information to a user of computing device 440.
Additionally, computing device 440 can receive information from the user of computing device 440 through an interaction with the user via user interface 446. For example, computing device 440 (e.g., the display of user interface 446) can receive input from the user via user interface 446. The user can enter the input into computing device 440 using, for instance, a mouse and/or keyboard associated with computing device 440, or by touching the display of user interface 446 in embodiments in which the display includes touch-screen capabilities (e.g., embodiments in which the display is a touch screen).
As used herein, "logic" is an alternative or additional processing resource to execute the actions and/or functions, etc., described herein, which includes hardware (e.g., various forms of transistor logic, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc.), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), as opposed to computer executable instructions (e.g., software, firmware, etc.) stored in memory and executable by a processor.
Although specific embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that any arrangement calculated to achieve the same techniques can be substituted for the specific embodiments shown. This disclosure is intended to cover any and all adaptations or variations of various embodiments of the disclosure. It is to be understood that the above description has been made in an illustrative fashion, and not a restrictive one. Combination of the above embodiments, and other embodiments not specifically described herein will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the above description.
The scope of the various embodiments of the disclosure includes any other applications in which the above structures and methods are used. Therefore, the scope of various embodiments of the disclosure should be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full range of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.
In the foregoing Detailed Description, various features are grouped together in example embodiments illustrated in the figures for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the embodiments of the disclosure require more features than are expressly recited in each claim.
Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive subject matter lies in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment. Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated into the Detailed Description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment.

Claims

Claims What is claimed:
1 . A system for model centric data storage, comprising:
a computing device to:
extract data within a first time period from a number of sensors utilized to determine state data for an environment within a building and state data for devices within the building;
determine model parameters utilized to generate a model corresponding to the building based on the extracted data; and determine a predicted state of the environment within the building and a predicted state of the devices within the building for a second time period utilizing streaming data corresponding to the second time period with the model parameters.
2. The system of claim 1 , comprising the computing device to store the model parameters and discard the extracted data.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the streaming data is discarded when the predicted state of the environment is predicted or when a device state is predicted.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the model is a thermal response model for the building.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the state data for devices within the building includes activated state data and deactivated state data with corresponding time stamps.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the extracted data includes delta state data for the environment within the building.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the delta state data includes data corresponding to a temperature change within the building.
8. The system of claim 1 , comprising the computing device to remove non-delta state data from the extracted data within the first time period.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the predicted state of the environment includes predicted temperature of the building during the second time period.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the streaming data includes non- stored data input into the model parameters to predict a state of the environment within the building and to predict a state of the devices within the building for the second time period.
1 1 . A non-transitory computer readable medium for model centric data storage comprising instructions executable by a processor to:
generate a thermal model for a building based on state data for an environment with the building and state data for heating and cooling devices within the building;
determine a number of parameters for the thermal model based on a determined number of inputs for the thermal model;
discard the state data for the environment of the building and state data for the heating and cooling devices within the building;
store the number of parameters; and
generate an energy report for the building that includes predicted state data for the environment and predicted state data for the heating and cooling devices within the building over a selected time period.
12. The medium of claim 1 1 , wherein the number of parameters are utilized to regenerate the state data for the environment of the building and state data for the heating and cooling devices within the building.
13. The medium of claim 1 1 , wherein the energy report includes degradation of the heating and cooling devices over a selected time period.
14. The medium of claim 1 1 , wherein the thermal model includes exterior environment data for the building.
15. The medium of claim 14, wherein the energy report is based on the exterior environment data for the selected time period.
16. The medium of claim 1 1 , wherein the state data for the environment within the building is extracted to include delta temperature data within the building.
17. A method for model centric data storage, comprising:
identifying model parameters for a building based on thermal data associated with the building;
discarding the thermal data associated with the building; storing the model parameters for the building; determining a predicted state of an environment of the building for a time period based on the model parameters; and
generating an energy report for the building based on the predicted state of the environment, wherein the energy report includes a predicted temperature within the building and a predicted
activation/deactivation state of devices within the building.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein determining the predicted state of the environment includes generating an auto-regressive exogenous model utilizing delta temperatures within the building over a period of time.
19. The method of claim 17, comprising:
regenerating the thermal data associated with the building for a time period utilizing the model parameters for the building;
predicting device activation and device deactivation for the devices within the building utilizing the model parameters for the building; and
predicting future indoor temperature of the building utilizing the model parameters for the building.
20. The method of claim 17, wherein identifying model parameters includes extracting delta thermal data from the thermal data associated with the building.
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