WO2018137316A1 - 基于区块链的安全交易方法、电子装置、系统及存储介质 - Google Patents

基于区块链的安全交易方法、电子装置、系统及存储介质 Download PDF

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WO2018137316A1
WO2018137316A1 PCT/CN2017/091246 CN2017091246W WO2018137316A1 WO 2018137316 A1 WO2018137316 A1 WO 2018137316A1 CN 2017091246 W CN2017091246 W CN 2017091246W WO 2018137316 A1 WO2018137316 A1 WO 2018137316A1
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Prior art keywords
balance
key
account
blockchain
transaction
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PCT/CN2017/091246
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陆陈一帆
宦鹏飞
张宇
黄宇翔
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上海亿账通区块链科技有限公司
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Priority to EP17894061.5A priority Critical patent/EP3576033B1/en
Priority to US16/305,073 priority patent/US11005665B2/en
Priority to SG11201810840YA priority patent/SG11201810840YA/en
Publication of WO2018137316A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018137316A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/10—Office automation; Time management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
    • G06Q20/10—Payment architectures specially adapted for electronic funds transfer [EFT] systems; specially adapted for home banking systems
    • G06Q20/102—Bill distribution or payments
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    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/382—Payment protocols; Details thereof insuring higher security of transaction
    • G06Q20/3821—Electronic credentials
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    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/382—Payment protocols; Details thereof insuring higher security of transaction
    • G06Q20/3829—Payment protocols; Details thereof insuring higher security of transaction involving key management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/008—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols involving homomorphic encryption
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
    • H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
    • H04L9/0838—Key agreement, i.e. key establishment technique in which a shared key is derived by parties as a function of information contributed by, or associated with, each of these
    • H04L9/0841—Key agreement, i.e. key establishment technique in which a shared key is derived by parties as a function of information contributed by, or associated with, each of these involving Diffie-Hellman or related key agreement protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/3236—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using cryptographic hash functions
    • H04L9/3239—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using cryptographic hash functions involving non-keyed hash functions, e.g. modification detection codes [MDCs], MD5, SHA or RIPEMD
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
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    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/3263—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials involving certificates, e.g. public key certificate [PKC] or attribute certificate [AC]; Public key infrastructure [PKI] arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/50—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols using hash chains, e.g. blockchains or hash trees
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/40—Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check credit lines or negative lists
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    • G06Q2220/00—Business processing using cryptography
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q40/00—Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes
    • G06Q40/02—Banking, e.g. interest calculation or account maintenance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q40/00—Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes
    • G06Q40/06—Asset management; Financial planning or analysis
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2209/00—Additional information or applications relating to cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00
    • H04L2209/56—Financial cryptography, e.g. electronic payment or e-cash

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of blockchain technology, and in particular, to a blockchain-based secure transaction method, an electronic device, a system, and a computer readable storage medium.
  • Blockchain technology has the characteristics of decentralization, information modification, and the use of blockchain technology to achieve multi-party trading events (eg, transfer transactions, payment transactions, etc.), for example, Bank A and Bank B in the blockchain
  • multi-party trading events eg, transfer transactions, payment transactions, etc.
  • all other nodes in the blockchain will be aware of the transaction, and other participants can participate in confirming the accuracy of the transaction and preventing the tampering of the information.
  • this kind of transaction method is necessary for collective verification of each transaction because there is no absolute authority node.
  • the disadvantage is that the transaction of the transaction participant will be private, and the account of one institution may be used by other nodes. The agency is tracking, which brings the risk of information leakage.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a blockchain-based secure transaction method, an electronic device, a system and a computer readable storage medium, which are intended to effectively ensure the security of transaction information based on blockchain transactions and the high efficiency of transaction processing. And effectively ensure the supervision of the account by the regulator.
  • the present invention provides a blockchain-based secure transaction method, and the blockchain-based secure transaction method includes:
  • the regulator writes the digital certificate into the smart contract of the blockchain corresponding to the asset type to be supervised, so that all the institutions that own the asset account under the asset type obtain the supervisory party through the digital certificate.
  • the institutional device of the organization is based on the public and private keys corresponding to the asset accounts managed by the organization. And a predetermined key exchange protocol and the first public key are generated, and an add-on homomorphic key corresponding to each of the asset accounts is generated according to the key exchange protocol, and the corresponding add-on homomorphic key is used for each asset account.
  • the balance is encrypted, and the encrypted balance is broadcasted to each node of the blockchain through the smart link of the blockchain;
  • the institutional device when the organization initiates the transaction, the institutional device encrypts the balance of the new account that the transaction party trades through the corresponding addition homomorphic key, and broadcasts the encrypted new account balance to the area through the intelligent contract of the blockchain.
  • the present invention also provides an electronic device including a memory and a processor coupled to the memory, wherein the memory stores a blockchain-based runable on the processor
  • the secure transaction system when the blockchain-based secure transaction system is executed by the processor, implements the following steps:
  • the regulator writes the digital certificate into the smart contract of the blockchain corresponding to the asset type to be supervised, so that all the institutions that own the asset account under the asset type obtain the supervisory party through the digital certificate.
  • the institutional device of the organization side is based on a public key group corresponding to each asset account managed by the organization, and a predetermined key exchange protocol and the first public key, and generates each asset account according to the key exchange protocol.
  • Corresponding additive homomorphic key encrypting the balance of each asset account by using the corresponding additive homomorphic key, and broadcasting the encrypted balance to the smart contract of each node of the blockchain through the intelligent contract of the blockchain ;
  • the institutional device when the organization initiates the transaction, the institutional device encrypts the balance of the new account that the transaction party trades through the corresponding addition homomorphic key, and broadcasts the encrypted new account balance to the area through the intelligent contract of the blockchain.
  • the smart contract of each node of the blockchain On the smart contract of each node of the blockchain;
  • the present invention also provides a blockchain-based secure transaction system, the blockchain-based secure transaction system comprising:
  • a writing module configured to write the digital certificate into a smart contract of a blockchain corresponding to the asset type to be supervised, so that all institutions having an asset account under the asset type obtain the supervision through the digital certificate
  • the first public key of the party to generate an additive homomorphic key that encrypts the balance of the asset account and the new account balance of the asset account after the transaction;
  • a first encryption module configured to exchange a private key in a public-private key group corresponding to each asset account managed by the current organization with a predetermined key exchange protocol and the first public key, and generate each according to the key exchange protocol
  • the balance of the production account is encrypted, and the encrypted balance is broadcasted to the smart contract of each node of the blockchain through the intelligent contract of the blockchain;
  • a second encryption module configured to encrypt a new account balance of each asset account that the transaction party trades by the corresponding addition and homomorphic key when the organization initiates the transaction, and encrypt the new encrypted certificate through the blockchain
  • the account balance is broadcast to the smart contract of each node of the blockchain
  • a decryption module configured to acquire a public key in a public-private key group corresponding to the new account when the supervisor views the balance of the transaction party's new account, based on the supervisory private key and the corresponding public key exchange agreement of the supervisor and the predetermined key exchange protocol
  • the public key in the public private key group is generated, and an addition homomorphic key is generated according to the key exchange protocol, and the encrypted new account balance is decrypted by using the generated addition homomorphic key.
  • the present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium having a blockchain-based secure transaction system stored thereon, the blockchain-based secure transaction system being executed by a processor The following steps are implemented:
  • the regulator writes the digital certificate into the smart contract of the blockchain corresponding to the asset type to be supervised, so that all the institutions that own the asset account under the asset type obtain the supervisory party through the digital certificate.
  • the institutional device of the organization side is based on a public key group corresponding to each asset account managed by the organization, and a predetermined key exchange protocol and the first public key, and generates each asset account according to the key exchange protocol.
  • Corresponding additive homomorphic key encrypting the balance of each asset account by using the corresponding additive homomorphic key, and broadcasting the encrypted balance to the smart contract of each node of the blockchain through the intelligent contract of the blockchain ;
  • the institutional device when the organization initiates the transaction, the institutional device encrypts the balance of the new account that the transaction party trades through the corresponding addition homomorphic key, and broadcasts the encrypted new account balance to the area through the intelligent contract of the blockchain.
  • the smart contract of each node of the blockchain On the smart contract of each node of the blockchain;
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the present invention generates a symmetric key (ie, an additive homomorphic key) shared by the asset owner and the supervisor through the key exchange protocol, and uses the symmetric key as the encryption and decryption secret of the additive homomorphic encryption.
  • a symmetric key ie, an additive homomorphic key
  • the key so that the supervisor can decrypt the encrypted account balance, other unrelated parties can not know the actual balance of the account, effectively protect the account security and supervision of the account, and improve the efficiency of transaction processing.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optional application environment according to various embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a first embodiment of a secure transaction method based on a blockchain according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a second embodiment of a blockchain-based secure transaction method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a third embodiment of a secure transaction method based on a blockchain according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a fourth embodiment of a blockchain-based secure transaction method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a blockchain-based secure transaction system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a blockchain-based secure transaction system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a blockchain-based secure transaction system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optional application environment according to various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the application environment diagram includes an electronic device 1 and a terminal device 2.
  • the electronic device 1 can perform data interaction with the terminal device 2 through a suitable technology such as a network or a near field communication technology.
  • the terminal device 2 includes, but is not limited to, any electronic product that can interact with a user through a keyboard, a mouse, a remote controller, a touch panel, or a voice control device, for example, a personal computer, a tablet computer, or a smart phone.
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • game consoles Internet Protocol Television (IPTV)
  • IPTV Internet Protocol Television
  • smart wearable devices navigation devices, etc.
  • mobile devices such as digital TVs, desktop computers, Fixed terminal for notebooks, servers, etc.
  • the electronic device 1 is an apparatus capable of automatically performing numerical calculation and/or information processing in accordance with an instruction set or stored in advance.
  • the electronic device 1 may be a computer, a single network server, a server group composed of multiple network servers, or a cloud-based cloud composed of a large number of hosts or network servers, where cloud computing is a type of distributed computing.
  • a super virtual computer consisting of a group of loosely coupled computers.
  • the electronic device 1 may include, but is not limited to, a memory 11, a processor 12 and a network interface 13 communicably connected to each other through a system bus, and the memory 11 stores a block-based chain operable on the processor 12. Secure trading system. It should be noted that FIG. 1 only shows the electronic device 1 having the components 11-13, but it should be understood that not all illustrated components are required to be implemented, and more or fewer components may be implemented instead.
  • the storage device 11 includes a memory and at least one type of readable storage medium.
  • the memory provides a cache for the operation of the electronic device 1;
  • the readable storage medium may be, for example, a flash memory, a hard disk, a multimedia card, a card type memory (eg, SD or DX memory, etc.), a random access memory (RAM), a static random access memory (SRAM).
  • a non-volatile storage medium such as a read only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), a programmable read only memory (PROM), a magnetic memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like.
  • the readable storage medium may be an internal storage unit of the electronic device 1, such as a hard disk of the electronic device 1; in other embodiments, the non-volatile storage medium may also be external to the electronic device 1.
  • a storage device such as a plug-in hard disk equipped with an electronic device 1, a smart memory card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) card, a flash card, or the like.
  • the readable storage medium of the storage device 11 is generally used to store an operating system installed in the electronic device 1 and various types of application software, such as a program code of a blockchain-based secure transaction system in an embodiment of the present invention. Wait. Further, the storage device 11 can also be used to temporarily store various types of data that have been output or are to be output.
  • the processor 12 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or other data processing chip in some embodiments.
  • the processor 12 is typically used to control the overall operation of the electronic device 1, such as performing control and processing related to data interaction or communication with the terminal device 2.
  • the processor 12 is configured to run program code or process data stored in the memory 11, such as running a blockchain-based secure transaction system or the like.
  • the network interface 13 may comprise a wireless network interface or a wired network interface, which is typically used to establish a communication connection between the electronic device 1 and other electronic devices.
  • the network interface 13 is mainly used to connect the electronic device 1 with the terminal device 2, and establish a data transmission channel and a communication connection between the electronic device 1 and the terminal device 2.
  • the blockchain-based secure transaction system is stored in the memory 11 and includes at least one computer readable instruction stored in the memory 11, the at least one computer readable instruction being executable by the processor 12 to implement various embodiments of the present invention
  • An example of a blockchain-based secure transaction method; as described later, the at least one computer readable instruction can be classified into different logic modules depending on the functions implemented by its various parts.
  • the blockchain-based secure transaction system generates a symmetric key (ie, an additive homomorphic key) shared by the asset owner and the supervisor through a secret key exchange protocol, and uses the symmetric key as the encryption and decryption of the additive homomorphic encryption.
  • the secret key so that the supervisor can decrypt the encrypted account balance, other unrelated parties can not know the actual balance of the account, effectively protect the account security and supervision of the account, and improve the efficiency of transaction processing;
  • the supervisory public key and the public key exchange protocol parameters are deployed on the blockchain smart contract, so that the user who owns or about to own the asset can generate the common key according to the supervisor public key and the public key exchange protocol, and only the user shares with the supervisor
  • the homomorphic encryption key in this way, while ensuring the privacy of the account, different regulators can be set for different types of assets on different smart contracts, and the service compatibility of the blockchain and the convenience of business expansion are greatly improved. Improvement.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a blockchain-based secure transaction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the blockchain-based secure transaction method includes the following steps:
  • Step S1 the supervisor writes the digital certificate into the smart contract of the blockchain corresponding to the asset type to be supervised, so that all the institutions that own the asset account under the asset type obtain the supervisor through the digital certificate.
  • the first public key The first public key.
  • the supervisor adds a digital certificate issued by a CA (Certification Authority) to itself in a smart contract of a blockchain corresponding to the asset type to be supervised, and the asset types include multiple types, for example,
  • the length of the consumption period can be divided into current assets and long-term assets.
  • long-term assets can be further classified; according to whether there are physical forms, they can be divided into tangible assets and intangible assets.
  • assets can be divided into liquid assets, long-term investments, fixed assets, intangible assets, deferred assets and other categories. Select the types of assets that need to be regulated from these asset classes.
  • the supervisor writes the digital certificate into the smart contract of the blockchain corresponding to the asset type to be regulated
  • all users or institutions for example, financial institutions, fund institutions, etc.
  • the public key is used for homomorphic encryption.
  • the certificate certification authority performs signature based on the first public key corresponding to the predetermined key exchange protocol by the supervisor. Generate a digital certificate and issue it to the regulator.
  • Step S2 the institutional device of the organization side is based on each of the asset accounts managed by the organization, and a predetermined key exchange protocol and the first public key, and generates an addition corresponding to each asset account according to the key exchange protocol.
  • the secret key encrypting the balance of each asset account by using the corresponding addition homomorphic key, and broadcasting the encrypted balance to each node of the blockchain through the intelligent contract of the blockchain;
  • each asset account corresponds to a predetermined key exchange protocol
  • each asset account and the predetermined key exchange agreement have a corresponding public and private key group
  • the institutional device of the organization is based on each asset account.
  • a public key group corresponding to a predetermined key exchange protocol (for example, Diffie-Hellman protocol, National Secret SM2 protocol) and a first public key of the supervisor, and according to the key exchange protocol, an additive homomorphism corresponding to each asset account is generated.
  • Key specifically, first obtains a public-private key group, and then obtains a private key in the public-private key group, and generates an additive homomorphism corresponding to each asset account according to the private key and the first public key of the supervisor according to the secret key exchange protocol. key.
  • the addition homomorphic key is used as a cryptographic key for homomorphic encryption, and the additive homomorphic key is a symmetric key (ie, both sides transmitting and receiving data must use the same secret key to encrypt and decrypt the plaintext) .
  • the organization encrypts the balance of each asset account with the corresponding addition homomorphic key. For example, if a user or organization has two accounts b1 and b2 under a regulated asset category, the balance of the b1 account uses the b1 account. The corresponding addition homomorphic key is encrypted; the balance of the b2 account is encrypted by using the addition homomorphic key corresponding to the b2 account. Finally, the organization will report the homomorphic encryption of each account under the asset type to be supervised to the nodes of the blockchain through the intelligent contract of the blockchain, specifically, the homomorphic encryption. The balance is written to the shared asset book on each node of the blockchain through the smart contract of the blockchain.
  • each asset account is homomorphically encrypted, only the supervisor and the asset owner who have the addition homomorphic key can know the balance of the corresponding asset account.
  • the asset account can be used as an old user and corresponds to the new user described below.
  • Step S3 when the organization initiates the transaction, the institutional device encrypts the balance of the new account that the transaction party performs the transaction by using the corresponding addition homomorphic key, and broadcasts the encrypted new account balance to the smart chain through the smart link of the blockchain.
  • the institutional device encrypts the balance of the new account that the transaction party performs the transaction by using the corresponding addition homomorphic key, and broadcasts the encrypted new account balance to the smart chain through the smart link of the blockchain.
  • the user or the institution may create a new asset account for transaction, and the created new asset account is referred to as a new account in this embodiment.
  • the bank X puts 100 tickets on the account 001. It becomes 400 sheets, which can be placed in a 002 account and put a balance of 400, and then create a new 003 account on the -300.
  • 002 account is an account account whose account balance has been homomorphically encrypted, for the above old account, Then the 003 account is a new account, and the account balance is also homomorphically encrypted.
  • a user or institution in the blockchain initiates a transaction under the asset class described above, for example, A transfers money to B, and the user or institution passes the balance of the new account in which each transaction party conducts the transaction.
  • the asset account addition homomorphic key of each transaction party is homomorphically encrypted, and the homogenous encrypted new account balance of each transaction by each transaction party is broadcasted to each node of the blockchain through the smart contract, so that the block is Other users or organizations on each node of the chain are aware of the transaction (but are not aware of the balance of the new account in which the transaction was made).
  • Step S4 when the supervisor views the balance of the new account of the transaction party, acquires the public key in the public-private key group corresponding to the new account, based on the regulatory private key corresponding to the predetermined secret exchange protocol of the supervisor and the public and private The public key in the key group, and generates an addition homomorphic key according to the key exchange protocol, and decrypts the encrypted new account balance by using the generated addition homomorphic key.
  • the supervisor acquires the public key in the public-private key group corresponding to the new account of the counterparty, for example, the account corresponding to the transaction of the party obtained by the smart contract acquisition broadcast
  • the public key in the public-private key group, or the public key itself is a predetermined part of the corresponding account number (for example, the public key may be the N1-N2 number segment of the corresponding account number, and N1 and N2 are both greater than a natural number of 0), using a supervised private key corresponding to both the supervisor and the predetermined key exchange protocol, and a public key in the public-private key group corresponding to the account, and generating an addition homomorphic key according to the secret key exchange protocol, the generation
  • the addition of the homomorphic key can decrypt the new account balance after the account is encrypted.
  • the embodiment Compared with the prior art, the embodiment generates a symmetric key (ie, an additive homomorphic key) shared by the asset owner and the supervisor through the secret key exchange protocol, and uses the symmetric key as the encryption and decryption of the additive homomorphic encryption.
  • a symmetric key ie, an additive homomorphic key
  • the secret key so that the supervisor can decrypt the encrypted account balance, other unrelated parties can not know the actual balance of the account, effectively protect the account security and supervision of the account, and improve the efficiency of transaction processing;
  • the supervisory public key and the public key exchange protocol parameters are deployed on the blockchain smart contract, so that the user who owns or about to own the asset can generate the common key according to the supervisor public key and the public key exchange protocol, and only the user shares with the supervisor.
  • the homomorphic encryption key in this way, while ensuring the privacy of the account, different regulators can be set for different types of assets on different smart contracts, and the service compatibility of the blockchain and the convenience of business expansion are greatly improved. Improvement.
  • steps S3 and S4 may be replaced with steps S10 and S11, respectively:
  • the institutional device When the organization initiates the transaction, the institutional device encrypts the new balance of the asset account in which the transaction is made by the transaction by the corresponding addition homomorphic key, and broadcasts the encrypted new balance to the area through the intelligent contract of the blockchain. On the smart contract of each node of the blockchain;
  • the difference between this embodiment and the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is that in this embodiment, the transaction party does not create a new asset account for trading, but uses the existing old account to conduct the transaction.
  • the account balance is the new balance relative to the original balance.
  • the encryption process and the decryption process are the same as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and are not described here.
  • the method further includes:
  • Step S5 after the node of the blockchain receives the encrypted new account balance corresponding to each of the broadcast parties, the smart contract corresponding to each node is started to perform the combined verification;
  • step S6 if the smart contracts corresponding to the respective nodes respectively pass the verification of the combined number of the encrypted new account balances corresponding to the respective counterparties, the smart contracts corresponding to the respective nodes are based on the encrypted new ones corresponding to the respective counterparties.
  • the account balance is updated with data
  • Step S7 if the smart contract corresponding to the node fails to pass the verification of the combined new account balance corresponding to the transaction party, the notification of the composite verification failure is sent to each node participating in the composite verification, or All nodes on the blockchain send a notification that the composite verification failed.
  • the effective algorithm is the additive homomorphic encryption verification algorithm. This algorithm does not leak the account while verifying the account number. The balance x and y.
  • the smart contract corresponding to each node verifies the combined number of the encrypted new account balance corresponding to each transaction party, the smart contract corresponding to each node performs data update based on the encrypted new account balance corresponding to each transaction party; If the smart contract corresponding to the node fails to pass the combined verification of the encrypted new account balance corresponding to the transaction party, the notification of the composite verification failure is sent to each node participating in the composite verification verification, or all the blocks on the blockchain are The node sends a notification that the composite verification failed.
  • the method further includes:
  • Step S8 after the supervisor decrypts the encrypted new account balance, the negative balance verification system is enabled to perform negative balance verification on the decrypted new account balance corresponding to each transaction party;
  • step S9 if the asset account fails the negative balance check, the supervisor notifies the account that has not passed the negative balance check to other nodes except the corresponding abnormal node, and/or if the asset account fails the negative balance check Then, the regulator cancels the trading authority of the account that has not passed the negative balance check on the blockchain through the blockchain authority management system.
  • the false balance check can effectively prevent the user from changing a certain account in the form of sharing the balance by a sub-account at a certain node.
  • the balance thus avoiding the verification of the combined verification, for example, the user can deceive the verification by creating a negative account: Bank X turns 100 tickets on account 001 into 400: he can create a 002 account and Put a balance of 400, and then save -300 on a new 003 account, so you need to perform negative balance verification.
  • Negative numbers are usually caused by mod overflow when the password is used. For example, when the touch is 300, the 400mod 300 becomes 100
  • the supervisor decrypts the encrypted new account balance corresponding to each transaction party, and after the decryption is completed, the negative balance verification system is enabled to perform a negative balance on the decrypted new account balance corresponding to each transaction party. Verification, if an account fails the negative balance check, the regulator determines the account and notifies the abnormal status of the account to other nodes except the abnormal blockchain node, and/or if the account fails to pass the negative balance In the inspection, the regulator cancels the transaction rights of the abnormal account on the blockchain through the blockchain authority management system.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a blockchain-based secure transaction system according to the present invention.
  • the system includes a write module 101, a first encryption module 107, a second encryption module 108, and a decryption module 102.
  • a writing module 101 configured to write a digital certificate into a smart contract of a blockchain corresponding to an asset category to be supervised, so that all institutions having an asset account under the asset type obtain the The first public key of the regulator.
  • the supervisor adds a digital certificate issued by a CA (Certification Authority) to itself in a smart contract of a blockchain corresponding to the asset type to be supervised, and the asset types include multiple types, for example,
  • the length of the consumption period can be divided into current assets and long-term assets.
  • long-term assets can be further classified; according to whether there are physical forms, they can be divided into tangible assets and intangible assets.
  • assets can be divided into liquid assets, long-term investments, fixed assets, intangible assets, deferred assets and other categories. Select the types of assets that need to be regulated from these asset classes.
  • the regulator After the regulator writes the digital certificate into the intelligent contract of the blockchain corresponding to the type of assets to be supervised, all users or institutions (such as financial institutions, fund institutions, etc.) who have asset accounts under the types of assets to be regulated can pass A digital certificate written in a smart contract to obtain the first public key of the supervisor, the first public key being used for homomorphic encryption.
  • the certificate certification authority performs signature based on the first public key corresponding to the predetermined key exchange protocol by the supervisor. Generate a digital certificate and issue it to the regulator.
  • the first encryption module 107 is configured to generate, according to the key exchange protocol and the first public key, each of the asset accounts managed by the current organization, and generate an addition corresponding to each of the asset accounts according to the key exchange protocol.
  • the state key encrypts the balance of each asset account by using the corresponding addition homomorphic key, and broadcasts the encrypted balance to each node of the blockchain through the intelligent contract of the blockchain.
  • the first encryption module 107 can be disposed on the mechanism device of the organization side. Since each asset account corresponds to a predetermined key exchange protocol, each asset account and a predetermined key exchange agreement have a corresponding public and private key group, and the institutional device of the organization is based on each asset account and a predetermined key.
  • a public-private key group corresponding to the exchange protocol for example, the Diffie-Hellman protocol, the national secret SM2 protocol
  • the first public key of the supervisor and generate an additive homomorphic key corresponding to each asset account according to the key exchange protocol
  • the public-private key group is obtained, and then the private key in the public-private key group is obtained, and the added homomorphic key corresponding to each asset account is generated according to the private key and the first public key of the supervisor according to the key exchange protocol.
  • the addition homomorphic key is used as a cryptographic key for homomorphic encryption, and the addition homomorphic key is The secret key (that is, both parties that send and receive data must use the same secret key to encrypt and decrypt the plaintext).
  • the organization encrypts the balance of each asset account with the corresponding addition homomorphic key. For example, if a user or organization has two accounts b1 and b2 under a regulated asset category, the balance of the b1 account uses the b1 account. The corresponding addition homomorphic key is encrypted; the balance of the b2 account is encrypted by using the addition homomorphic key corresponding to the b2 account. Finally, the organization will report the homomorphic encryption of each account under the asset type to be supervised to the nodes of the blockchain through the intelligent contract of the blockchain, specifically, the homomorphic encryption. The balance is written to the shared asset book on each node of the blockchain through the smart contract of the blockchain.
  • each asset account is homomorphically encrypted, only the supervisor and the asset owner who have the addition homomorphic key can know the balance of the corresponding asset account.
  • the asset account can be used as an old user and corresponds to the new user described below.
  • the second encryption module 108 is configured to, when the organization side initiates the transaction, encrypt the balance of the new account that the transaction party performs the transaction by using the corresponding addition homomorphic key, and encrypt the encrypted new account balance through the intelligent contract of the blockchain. Broadcast to each node of the blockchain.
  • the user or the institution may create a new asset account for transaction, and the created new asset account is referred to as a new account in this embodiment.
  • the bank X puts 100 tickets on the account 001. It becomes 400 sheets, which can be placed in a 002 account and put a balance of 400, and then create a new 003 account on the -300.
  • 002 account is an account account whose account balance has been homomorphically encrypted, for the above old account, Then the 003 account is a new account, and the account balance is also homomorphically encrypted.
  • the second encryption module 108 is disposed on the mechanism device of the organization side.
  • a user or institution in the blockchain initiates a transaction under the asset class described above, for example, A transfers money to B
  • the user or institution passes the balance of the new account that each transaction party trades to the corresponding counterparty.
  • the asset account addition homomorphic key is homomorphic encrypted, and the homologous encrypted new account balance of each transaction is broadcasted to each node of the blockchain through the smart contract, so that each node of the blockchain Other users or organizations on the transaction can be aware of the transaction (but cannot know the balance of the new account in which the transaction was made).
  • the decryption module 102 is configured to acquire, when the supervisor views the new account balance of the transaction party, the public key in the public-private key group corresponding to the new account, based on the regulatory private key corresponding to the predetermined key exchange protocol between the supervisor and the predetermined key exchange protocol.
  • the public key in the public private key group is generated, and an addition homomorphic key is generated according to the key exchange protocol, and the encrypted new account balance is decrypted by using the generated addition homomorphic key.
  • the user or the institution may create a new asset account for transaction, and the created new asset account is referred to as a new account in this embodiment.
  • the bank X puts 100 tickets on the account 001. It becomes 400 sheets, which can be placed in a 002 account and put a balance of 400, and then create a new 003 account on the -300.
  • 002 account is an account account whose account balance has been homomorphically encrypted, for the above old account, Then the 003 account is a new account, and the account balance is also homomorphically encrypted.
  • the regulator When the regulator needs to check the balance of a new account of a counterparty, the regulator acquires the party
  • the public key in the public-private key group corresponding to the new account for example, the public key in the public-private key group corresponding to the new account of the transaction party obtained by the smart contract, or the public key itself is the corresponding account number.
  • a predetermined part for example, the public key may be the N1 - N2 number segment of the corresponding account number, N1 and N2 are both natural numbers greater than 0
  • the supervision is performed by the supervisor and the predetermined key exchange protocol.
  • the private key and the public key, and generate an addition homomorphic key according to the secret key exchange protocol, and the generated addition homomorphic key can decrypt the new account balance.
  • the transaction party when the transaction is performed, can also use the existing account to conduct the transaction instead of creating a new account for the transaction.
  • the balance encrypted by the second encryption module 108 can be the existing account in the transaction.
  • the completed new balance, and the balance decrypted by the decryption module 102 is correspondingly the new balance of the existing account after the transaction is completed.
  • the encryption process of the new balance by the second encryption module 108 and the decryption process of the new balance by the decryption module 102 are consistent with the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, and details are not described herein again.
  • the system further includes:
  • the first verification module 103 is configured to: after the node of the blockchain receives the encrypted new account balance corresponding to each of the broadcast parties, start the smart contract corresponding to each node to perform the combined verification;
  • the update module 104 is configured to: if the smart contract corresponding to each node separately passes the combined verification of the encrypted new account balance corresponding to each transaction party, the smart contract corresponding to each node is based on the encryption corresponding to each transaction party After the new account balance is updated.
  • the effective algorithm is the additive homomorphic encryption verification algorithm. This algorithm does not leak the account while verifying the account number. The balance x and y.
  • the smart contract corresponding to each node passes the combined verification of the encrypted new account balance corresponding to each transaction party, the smart contract corresponding to each node performs data update based on the encrypted new account balance corresponding to each transaction party.
  • the method further includes: a sending module, configured to: if the smart contract corresponding to the node fails to pass the combined verification of the encrypted new account balance corresponding to the transaction party, send a combined verification to each node that participates in the combined verification A notification of a failure, or a notification that a composite verification failure has been sent to all nodes on the blockchain.
  • a sending module configured to: if the smart contract corresponding to the node fails to pass the combined verification of the encrypted new account balance corresponding to the transaction party, send a combined verification to each node that participates in the combined verification A notification of a failure, or a notification that a composite verification failure has been sent to all nodes on the blockchain.
  • the system further includes:
  • the second verification module 105 is configured to enable the negative balance verification system to perform negative balance verification on the decrypted new account balance corresponding to each of the transaction parties after the supervisor decrypts the new account balance after the new account is encrypted;
  • the processing module 106 is configured to: if the asset account fails the negative balance check, the supervisor notifies the account that has not passed the negative balance check to other nodes except the corresponding abnormal node, and/or if the asset account fails The negative balance check, the regulator through the blockchain rights management system Cancel the trading rights of the account that has not passed the negative balance check on the blockchain.
  • the false balance check can effectively prevent the user from changing a certain account in the form of sharing the balance by a sub-account at a certain node.
  • the balance thus avoiding the verification of the combined verification, for example, the user can deceive the verification by creating a negative account: Bank X turns 100 tickets on account 001 into 400: he can create a 002 account and Put a balance of 400, and then save -300 on a new 003 account, so you need to perform negative balance verification.
  • the supervisor decrypts the encrypted new account balance corresponding to each transaction party, and after the decryption is completed, is enabled.
  • the negative balance verification system performs negative balance verification on the decrypted new account balance corresponding to each transaction party. If the account fails the negative balance check, the supervisor determines the account and removes the abnormal status of the account from the abnormal blockchain. The other nodes outside the node notify, and/or, if the account fails the negative balance check, the supervisor cancels the transaction rights of the abnormal account on the blockchain through the blockchain rights management system.

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Abstract

一种基于区块链的安全交易方法、电子装置、系统及存储介质，该方法包括：监管方将数字证书写入与需监管的资产种类对应的区块链的智能合约中，以供所有在所述资产种类下拥有资产账户的机构通过所述数字证书获取所述监管方的第一公钥（S1），以生成对资产账户的余额进行同态加密的加法同态秘钥；在监管方查看交易方的新账户余额时，获取所述新账户对应的公私钥组中的公钥，基于监管方与预定的秘钥交换协议对应的监管私钥及所述公私钥组中的公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成加法同态秘钥，利用生成的加法同态秘钥解密所述加密后的新账户余额（S4）。

Description

基于区块链的安全交易方法、电子装置、系统及存储介质
优先权申明
本申请基于巴黎公约申明享有2017年01月24日递交的申请号为CN201710060336.0、名称为“基于区块链的安全交易方法及系统”中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的整体内容以参考的方式结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及区块链技术领域，尤其涉及一种基于区块链的安全交易方法、电子装置、系统及计算机可读存储介质。
背景技术
区块链技术具备去中心化、信息不可篡改性等特点，运用区块链技术可实现多方参与的交易事件(例如，转账交易、支付交易等)，例如，银行A与银行B在区块链上进行交易，那么该区块链上所有其他节点都会知晓这笔交易，其他参与方可以一起参与确认交易准确性，防止信息的篡改。然而，这种交易方式由于没有绝对权威机构节点，对每笔交易进行集体验证是必要的，其缺点在于：交易参与方的交易就会毫无私密可言，一个机构的账户有可能被其他节点上的机构跟踪，从而带来信息泄露的风险。
为了解决上述问题，业内采用一种利用加法同态加密保护的方案，来解决区块链交易中信息泄露的问题。然而仍然存在不足之处：例如，当一个账户的账户余额受到加法同态加密保护后只有同态加密秘钥拥有方可以知晓该账户的实际余额，导致监管部门难以对金融资产流动性进行监管。如果要求资产拥有方通过某种形式把同态加密用秘钥传递给监管方，则会因为系统处理步骤复杂，导致容易出现错误及/或安全隐患，且效率低。
综上所述，将区块链技术运用在交易场景下，并有效地保证交易信息的安全、交易处理的高效率及有效保证监管方对账户的监管，已成为亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于区块链的安全交易方法、电子装置、系统及计算机可读存储介质，旨在有效地保证基于区块链的交易的交易信息的安全、交易处理的高效率及有效保证监管方对账户的监管。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种基于区块链的安全交易方法，所述基于区块链的安全交易方法包括：
S1，监管方将数字证书写入与需监管的资产种类对应的区块链的智能合约中，以供所有在所述资产种类下拥有资产账户的机构通过所述数字证书获取所述监管方的第一公钥；
S2，机构方的机构设备基于该机构管理的各所述资产账户对应的公私钥 组与预定的秘钥交换协议及所述第一公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成各所述资产账户对应的加法同态秘钥，利用对应的加法同态秘钥对各资产账户的余额进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的余额广播至该区块链的各节点；
S3，在机构方发起交易时，机构设备将交易方进行交易的新账户的余额通过对应的加法同态秘钥进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的新账户余额广播至该区块链的各节点；
S4，在监管方查看交易方的新账户余额时，获取所述新账户对应的公私钥组中的公钥，基于监管方与预定的秘钥交换协议对应的监管私钥及所述公私钥组中的公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成加法同态秘钥，利用生成的加法同态秘钥解密所述加密后的新账户余额。
为实现上述目的，本发明还提供一种电子装置，所述电子装置包括存储器及与所述存储器连接的处理器，所述存储器中存储有可在所述处理器上运行的基于区块链的安全交易系统，所述基于区块链的安全交易系统被所述处理器执行时实现如下步骤：
S1，监管方将数字证书写入与需监管的资产种类对应的区块链的智能合约中，以供所有在所述资产种类下拥有资产账户的机构通过所述数字证书获取所述监管方的第一公钥；
S2，机构方的机构设备基于该机构管理的各所述资产账户对应的公私钥组与预定的秘钥交换协议及所述第一公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成各所述资产账户对应的加法同态秘钥，利用对应的加法同态秘钥对各资产账户的余额进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的余额广播至该区块链的各节点的智能合约上；
S3，在机构方发起交易时，机构设备将交易方进行交易的新账户的余额通过对应的加法同态秘钥进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的新账户余额广播至该区块链的各节点的智能合约上；
S4，在监管方查看交易方的新账户的余额时，获取所述新账户对应的公私钥组中的公钥，基于监管方与预定的秘钥交换协议对应的监管私钥及所述公私钥组中的公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成加法同态秘钥，利用生成的加法同态秘钥解密所述加密后的新账户余额。
为实现上述目的，本发明还提供一种基于区块链的安全交易系统，所述基于区块链的安全交易系统包括：
写入模块，用于将数字证书写入与需监管的资产种类对应的区块链的智能合约中，以供所有在所述资产种类下拥有资产账户的机构通过所述数字证书获取所述监管方的第一公钥，以生成对资产账户的余额及交易后的资产账户的新账户余额进行加密的加法同态秘钥；
第一加密模块，用于基于当前机构管理的各所述资产账户对应的公私钥组中的私钥与预定的秘钥交换协议及所述第一公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成各所述资产账户对应的加法同态秘钥，利用对应的加法同态秘钥对各资 产账户的余额进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的余额广播至该区块链的各节点的智能合约上；
第二加密模块，用于在机构方发起交易时，将交易方进行交易的各资产账户的新账户余额通过对应的加法同态秘钥进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的新账户余额广播至该区块链的各节点的智能合约上；以及，
解密模块，用于在监管方查看交易方的新账户的余额时，获取所述新账户对应的公私钥组中的公钥，基于监管方与预定的秘钥交换协议对应的监管私钥及所述公私钥组中的公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成加法同态秘钥，利用生成的加法同态秘钥解密所述加密后的新账户余额。
为实现上述目的，本发明还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有基于区块链的安全交易系统，所述基于区块链的安全交易系统被处理器执行时实现以下步骤：
S1，监管方将数字证书写入与需监管的资产种类对应的区块链的智能合约中，以供所有在所述资产种类下拥有资产账户的机构通过所述数字证书获取所述监管方的第一公钥；
S2，机构方的机构设备基于该机构管理的各所述资产账户对应的公私钥组与预定的秘钥交换协议及所述第一公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成各所述资产账户对应的加法同态秘钥，利用对应的加法同态秘钥对各资产账户的余额进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的余额广播至该区块链的各节点的智能合约上；
S3，在机构方发起交易时，机构设备将交易方进行交易的新账户的余额通过对应的加法同态秘钥进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的新账户余额广播至该区块链的各节点的智能合约上；
S4，在监管方查看交易方的新账户的余额时，获取所述新账户对应的公私钥组中的公钥，基于监管方与预定的秘钥交换协议对应的监管私钥及所述公私钥组中的公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成加法同态秘钥，利用生成的加法同态秘钥解密所述加密后的新账户余额。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明通过秘钥交换协议生成资产拥有方与监管方共同拥有的对称秘钥(即加法同态秘钥)，用该对称秘钥作为加法同态加密的加解密秘钥，这样监管方可以解密加密后的账户余额，其他无关方无法知晓该账户的实际余额，有效保障了账户安全性及对账户进行监管，并可提高交易处理的效率。
附图说明
图1为本发明各个实施例一可选的应用环境示意图；
图2为本发明基于区块链的安全交易方法第一实施例的流程示意图；
图3为本发明基于区块链的安全交易方法第二实施例的流程示意图；
图4为本发明基于区块链的安全交易方法第三实施例的流程示意图；
图5为本发明基于区块链的安全交易方法第四实施例的流程示意图；
图6为本发明基于区块链的安全交易系统第一实施例的结构示意图；
图7为本发明基于区块链的安全交易系统第二实施例的结构示意图；
图8为本发明基于区块链的安全交易系统第三实施例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的原理和特征进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。
如图1所示，图1为本发明各个实施例一可选的应用环境示意图。该应用环境示意图包括电子装置1及终端设备2。电子装置1可以通过网络、近场通信技术等适合的技术与终端设备2进行数据交互。
所述终端设备2包括，但不限于，任何一种可与用户通过键盘、鼠标、遥控器、触摸板或者声控设备等方式进行人机交互的电子产品，例如，个人计算机、平板电脑、智能手机、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)、游戏机、交互式网络电视(Internet Protocol Television,IPTV)、智能式穿戴式设备、导航装置等等的可移动设备，或者诸如数字TV、台式计算机、笔记本、服务器等等的固定终端。
所述电子装置1是一种能够按照事先设定或者存储的指令，自动进行数值计算和/或信息处理的设备。所述电子装置1可以是计算机、也可以是单个网络服务器、多个网络服务器组成的服务器组或者基于云计算的由大量主机或者网络服务器构成的云，其中云计算是分布式计算的一种，由一群松散耦合的计算机集组成的一个超级虚拟计算机。
本实施例中，电子装置1可包括，但不仅限于，可通过系统总线相互通信连接的存储器11、处理器12及网络接口13，存储器11存储有可在处理器12上运行的基于区块链的安全交易系统。需要指出的是，图1仅示出了具有组件11-13的电子装置1，但是应理解的是，并不要求实施所有示出的组件，可以替代的实施更多或者更少的组件。
其中，存储设备11包括内存及至少一种类型的可读存储介质。内存为电子装置1的运行提供缓存；可读存储介质可为如闪存、硬盘、多媒体卡、卡型存储器(例如，SD或DX存储器等)、随机访问存储器(RAM)、静态随机访问存储器(SRAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)、可编程只读存储器(PROM)、磁性存储器、磁盘、光盘等的非易失性存储介质。在一些实施例中，可读存储介质可以是电子装置1的内部存储单元，例如该电子装置1的硬盘；在另一些实施例中，该非易失性存储介质也可以是电子装置1的外部存储设备，例如电子装置1上配备的插接式硬盘，智能存储卡(Smart Media Card,SMC)，安全数字(Secure Digital,SD)卡，闪存卡(Flash Card)等。本实施例中，存储设备11的可读存储介质通常用于存储安装于电子装置1的操作系统和各类应用软件，例如本发明一实施例中的基于区块链的安全交易系统的程序代码等。此外，存储设备11还可以用于暂时地存储已经输出或者将要输出的各类数据。
所述处理器12在一些实施例中可以是中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)、控制器、微控制器、微处理器、或其他数据处理芯片。该处理器12通常用于控制所述电子装置1的总体操作，例如执行与所述终端设备2进行数据交互或者通信相关的控制和处理等。本实施例中，所述处理器12用于运行所述存储器11中存储的程序代码或者处理数据，例如运行基于区块链的安全交易系统等。
所述网络接口13可包括无线网络接口或有线网络接口，该网络接口13通常用于在所述电子装置1与其他电子设备之间建立通信连接。本实施例中，网络接口13主要用于将电子装置1与终端设备2相连，在电子装置1与终端设备2之间建立数据传输通道和通信连接。
所述基于区块链的安全交易系统存储在存储器11中，包括至少一个存储在存储器11中的计算机可读指令，该至少一个计算机可读指令可被处理器12执行，以实现本发明各实施例的基于区块链的安全交易方法；如后续所述，该至少一个计算机可读指令依据其各部分所实现的功能不同，可被划为不同的逻辑模块。
所述基于区块链的安全交易系统通过秘钥交换协议生成资产拥有方与监管方共同拥有的对称秘钥(即加法同态秘钥)，用该对称秘钥作为加法同态加密的加解密秘钥，这样监管方可以解密加密后的账户余额，其他无关方无法知晓该账户的实际余额，有效保障了账户安全性及对账户进行监管，并可提高交易处理的效率；另外，通过在区块链智能合约上部署监管方公钥及公开的秘钥交换协议参数，这样拥有或即将拥有该资产的用户可以根据监管方公钥及公开的秘钥交换协议参数生成只有该用户与监管方共有的同态加密秘钥，这样，在保证账户隐私性的同时，可以为不同智能合约上的不同类型资产设定不同的监管方，区块链的业务兼容性和业务扩展便捷性得到了很大的提升。
如图2所示，图2为本发明基于区块链的安全交易方法一实施例的流程示意图，该基于区块链的安全交易方法包括以下步骤：
步骤S1，监管方将数字证书写入与需监管的资产种类对应的区块链的智能合约中，以供所有在所述资产种类下拥有资产账户的机构通过所述数字证书获取所述监管方的第一公钥。
本实施例中，监管方将CA(Certification Authority，证书认证机构)颁发给自身的数字证书写入与需监管的资产种类对应的区块链的智能合约中，资产种类包括多种，例如，按耗用期限的长短，可分为流动资产和长期资产，根据具体形态，长期资产还可以作进一步的分类；按是否有实体形态，可分为有形资产和无形资产。或者综合几种分类标准，可将资产分为流动资产、长期投资、固定资产、无形资产、递延资产等类别。从这些资产类别中选择需要监管的资产种类。
监管方将数字证书写入与需监管的资产种类对应的区块链的智能合约 后，所有在需监管的资产种类下拥有资产账户的用户或机构(例如，金融机构、基金机构等)可以通过智能合约中写入的数字证书来获取监管方的第一公钥，该第一公钥供同态加密使用。
另外，在监管方将数字证书写入与需监管的资产种类对应的区块链的智能合约之前，证书认证机构基于监管方与预先确定的秘钥交换协议对应的第一公钥进行签名，以生成数字证书，并颁发给监管方。
步骤S2，机构方的机构设备基于该机构管理的各所述资产账户与预定的秘钥交换协议及所述第一公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成各所述资产账户对应的加法同态秘钥，利用对应的加法同态秘钥对各资产账户的余额进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的余额广播至该区块链的各节点；
本实施例中，每一资产账户与预定的秘钥交换协议相对应，每一资产账户与预定的秘钥交换协议两者具有一对应的公私钥组，机构方的机构设备基于各资产账户与预定的秘钥交换协议(例如，Diffie-Hellman协议，国密SM2协议)对应的公私钥组及监管方的第一公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成各资产账户对应的加法同态秘钥，具体地，首先获取公私钥组，然后获取公私钥组中的私钥，基于该私钥及监管方的第一公钥并按照该秘钥交换协议生成各资产账户对应的加法同态秘钥。
其中，加法同态秘钥用作同态加密的加解密秘钥，该加法同态秘钥为对称秘钥(即发送和接收数据的双方必使用相同的秘钥对明文进行加密和解密运算)。
机构方利用对应的加法同态秘钥对各资产账户的余额进行加密，例如，若一个用户或者机构在一个需监管的资产种类下有两个账户b1和b2，则b1账户的余额利用b1账户对应的加法同态秘钥进行加密；b2账户的余额利用b2账户对应的加法同态秘钥进行加密。最后，机构方将自己在需监管的资产种类下的各个账户进行同态加密后的余额通过区块链的智能合约通知至该区块链的各节点，具体地，将进行同态加密后的余额通过区块链的智能合约写到该区块链的各个节点上的共享资产账本上。
其中，各资产账户的余额进行同态加密后，只有拥有加法同态秘钥的监管方及资产拥有方可以知晓对应的资产账户的余额。该资产账户可作为老用户，与下述的新用户对应。
步骤S3，在机构方发起交易时，机构设备将交易方进行交易的新账户的余额通过对应的加法同态秘钥进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的新账户余额广播至该区块链的各节点。
本实施例中，用户或者机构可以创建新的资产账户进行交易，所创建的新的资产账户称为本实施例中的新账户，例如：在交易时，银行X把账号001上的100张票据变成400张，其可以在一个002账号并放上400余额，然后再创建一个新的003账号上存-300。002账号为账户余额经过同态加密后的资产账户，为上述的老账户，则003账号为新账户，其账户余额也经过同态加密。
本实施例中，该区块链中的一个用户或者机构发起在上述的资产种类下的交易时，例如，A转账给B，该用户或机构把各个交易方进行交易的新账户的余额通过对应的各个交易方的资产账户加法同态秘钥进行同态加密，通过智能合约将各个交易方进行交易的同态加密后的新账户余额广播到该区块链的各个节点上，以便该区块链的各个节点上的其他用户或者机构能够知晓该交易(但无法知晓进行交易的新账户的余额)。
步骤S4，在监管方查看交易方的新账户的余额时，获取所述新账户对应的公私钥组中的公钥，基于监管方与预定的秘钥交换协议对应的监管私钥及所述公私钥组中的公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成加法同态秘钥，利用生成的加法同态秘钥解密所述加密后的新账户余额。
监管方需要查看一个交易方的新账户的余额时，则监管方获取该交易方的新账户对应的公私钥组中的公钥，例如，通过智能合约获取广播来的该交易方的账户对应的公私钥组中的公钥，或者，该公钥本身就是对应的账户号的预先确定的部分(例如，该公钥可以是对应的账户号的第N1—N2号码段，N1和N2均为大于0的自然数)，利用监管方与预定的秘钥交换协议两者对应的监管私钥及账户对应的公私钥组中的公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成加法同态秘钥，该生成的加法同态秘钥能够解密账户加密后的新账户余额。
与现有技术相比，本实施例通过秘钥交换协议生成资产拥有方与监管方共同拥有的对称秘钥(即加法同态秘钥)，用该对称秘钥作为加法同态加密的加解密秘钥，这样监管方可以解密加密后的账户余额，其他无关方无法知晓该账户的实际余额，有效保障了账户安全性及对账户进行监管，并可提高交易处理的效率；另外，通过在区块链智能合约上部署监管方公钥及公开的秘钥交换协议参数，这样拥有或即将拥有该资产的用户可以根据监管方公钥及公开的秘钥交换协议参数生成只有该用户与监管方共有的同态加密秘钥，这样，在保证账户隐私性的同时，可以为不同智能合约上的不同类型资产设定不同的监管方，区块链的业务兼容性和业务扩展便捷性得到了很大的提升。
在一优选地实施例中，如图3所示，步骤S3和S4可以分别替换为如下步骤S10和S11：
S10，在机构方发起交易时，机构设备将交易方进行交易的资产账户的新余额通过对应的加法同态秘钥进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的新余额广播至该区块链的各节点的智能合约上；
S11，在监管方查看交易方对应的资产账户的新余额时，获取所述资产账户对应的公私钥组中的公钥，基于监管方与预定的秘钥交换协议对应的监管私钥及所述公私钥组中的公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成加法同态秘钥，利用生成的加法同态秘钥解密所述加密后的新余额。
该实施例与图1所示的实施例的区别在于，在该实施例中，交易方并未创建新的资产账户进行交易，而是使用已有的老账户进行交易，此时，进行交易后的账户余额相对于原余额而言即为新余额。该实施例中，对新余额的 加密过程及解密过程等与图1所示的实施例一致，在此不再赘述。
在一优选的实施例中，如图4所示，在上述图2的实施例的基础上，所述步骤S3之后还包括：
步骤S5，当区块链的节点接收到广播的各所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额后，启动各节点对应的智能合约进行合数验证；
步骤S6，若各节点对应的智能合约分别对各所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额的合数验证通过，则各节点对应的智能合约基于各所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额进行数据更新；
步骤S7，若有节点对应的智能合约对所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额的合数验证不通过，则向各参与合数验证的节点发送合数验证失败的通知，或者，向区块链上的所有节点发送合数验证失败的通知。
本实施例中，合数验证即验证交易前的所有节点的余额之和是否等于交易之后的所有节点的余额之和，例如：存在有效算法，使得E(x+y)＝E(x)⊕E(y)或者x+y＝D(E(x)⊕E(y))成立，该有效算法即为加法同态加密验证算法，这个算法在验证账户合数的同时，并不泄漏账户的余额x和y。
若各节点对应的智能合约分别对各交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额的合数验证通过，则各节点对应的智能合约基于各交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额进行数据更新；若有节点对应的智能合约对交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额的合数验证不通过，则向各参与合数验证的节点发送合数验证失败的通知，或者，向区块链上的所有节点发送合数验证失败的通知。
在一优选的实施例中，如图5所示，在上述图4的实施例的基础上，所述步骤S5之后还包括：
步骤S8，在监管方解密所述加密后的新账户余额后，启用负数余额验证系统对各所述交易方对应的解密后的新账户余额进行负数余额验证；
步骤S9，若有资产账户未通过负数余额检验，则监管方将未通过负数余额检验的账户向除对应的异常节点外的其他节点进行通知，和/或，若有资产账户未通过负数余额检验，则监管方通过区块链权限管理系统取消未通过负数余额检验的账户在区块链上的交易权限。
本实施例中，由于同一个节点参与每次交易的账户和发生额是被记载在案的，所以通过虚假余额检验可以有效防止用户在某个节点通过分账户分摊余额的形式改变某个分账户的余额，从而规避合数验证的校验，例如，用户可以通过制造存有负数的账号来骗过验证：银行X把账号001上的100张票据变成400张：他可以创建一个002账号并放上400余额，然后再在一个新的003账号上存-300，因此，需要进行负数余额验证。(注：负数在密码使用时一般是因为取摸(mod)溢出造成的，如当摸是300时，400mod 300就变成了100)
如果各节点对应的智能合约分别对各交易方对应的加密后的新账户余 额的合数验证通过，监管方对各个交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额进行解密，并在解密完毕后，启用负数余额验证系统对各个交易方对应的解密后的新账户余额进行负数余额验证，若有账户未通过负数余额检验，则监管方确定该账户，并将该账户的异常状况向除异常区块链节点外的其他节点进行通知，和/或，若有账户未通过负数余额检验，则监管方通过区块链权限管理系统取消异常账户在区块链上的交易权限。
如图6所示，图6为本发明基于区块链的安全交易系统一实施例的结构示意图，该系统包括写入模块101、第一加密模块107、第二加密模块108及解密模块102。
写入模块101，用于将数字证书写入与需监管的资产种类对应的区块链的智能合约中，以供所有在所述资产种类下拥有资产账户的机构通过所述数字证书获取所述监管方的第一公钥。
本实施例中，监管方将CA(Certification Authority，证书认证机构)颁发给自身的数字证书写入与需监管的资产种类对应的区块链的智能合约中，资产种类包括多种，例如，按耗用期限的长短，可分为流动资产和长期资产，根据具体形态，长期资产还可以作进一步的分类；按是否有实体形态，可分为有形资产和无形资产。或者综合几种分类标准，可将资产分为流动资产、长期投资、固定资产、无形资产、递延资产等类别。从这些资产类别中选择需要监管的资产种类。
监管方将数字证书写入与需监管的资产种类对应的区块链的智能合约后，所有在需监管的资产种类下拥有资产账户的用户或机构(例如，金融机构、基金机构等)可以通过智能合约中写入的数字证书来获取监管方的第一公钥，该第一公钥供同态加密使用。
另外，在监管方将数字证书写入与需监管的资产种类对应的区块链的智能合约之前，证书认证机构基于监管方与预先确定的秘钥交换协议对应的第一公钥进行签名，以生成数字证书，并颁发给监管方。
第一加密模块107，用于基于当前机构管理的各所述资产账户与预定的秘钥交换协议及所述第一公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成各所述资产账户对应的加法同态秘钥，利用对应的加法同态秘钥对各资产账户的余额进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的余额广播至该区块链的各节点。
本实施例中，第一加密模块107可以设置于机构方的机构设备上。由于每一资产账户与预定的秘钥交换协议相对应，每一资产账户与预定的秘钥交换协议两者具有一对应的公私钥组，机构方的机构设备基于各资产账户与预定的秘钥交换协议(例如，Diffie-Hellman协议，国密SM2协议)对应的公私钥组及监管方的第一公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成各资产账户对应的加法同态秘钥，具体地，首先获取公私钥组，然后获取公私钥组中的私钥，基于该私钥及监管方的第一公钥并按照该秘钥交换协议生成各资产账户对应的加法同态秘钥。
其中，加法同态秘钥用作同态加密的加解密秘钥，该加法同态秘钥为对 称秘钥(即发送和接收数据的双方必使用相同的秘钥对明文进行加密和解密运算)。
机构方利用对应的加法同态秘钥对各资产账户的余额进行加密，例如，若一个用户或者机构在一个需监管的资产种类下有两个账户b1和b2，则b1账户的余额利用b1账户对应的加法同态秘钥进行加密；b2账户的余额利用b2账户对应的加法同态秘钥进行加密。最后，机构方将自己在需监管的资产种类下的各个账户进行同态加密后的余额通过区块链的智能合约通知至该区块链的各节点，具体地，将进行同态加密后的余额通过区块链的智能合约写到该区块链的各个节点上的共享资产账本上。
其中，各资产账户的余额进行同态加密后，只有拥有加法同态秘钥的监管方及资产拥有方可以知晓对应的资产账户的余额。该资产账户可作为老用户，与下述的新用户对应。
第二加密模块108，用于在机构方发起交易时，将交易方进行交易的新账户的余额通过对应的加法同态秘钥进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的新账户余额广播至该区块链的各节点。
本实施例中，用户或者机构可以创建新的资产账户进行交易，所创建的新的资产账户称为本实施例中的新账户，例如：在交易时，银行X把账号001上的100张票据变成400张，其可以在一个002账号并放上400余额，然后再创建一个新的003账号上存-300。002账号为账户余额经过同态加密后的资产账户，为上述的老账户，则003账号为新账户，其账户余额也经过同态加密。
本实施例中，第二加密模块108设置于机构方的机构设备上。当该区块链中的一个用户或者机构发起在上述的资产种类下的交易时，例如，A转账给B，该用户或机构把各个交易方进行交易的新账户的余额通过对应的各个交易方的资产账户加法同态秘钥进行同态加密，通过智能合约将各个交易方进行交易的同态加密后的新账户余额广播到该区块链的各个节点上，以便该区块链的各个节点上的其他用户或者机构能够知晓该交易(但无法知晓进行交易的新账户的余额)。
解密模块102，用于在监管方查看交易方的新账户余额时，获取所述新账户对应的公私钥组中的公钥，基于监管方与预定的秘钥交换协议对应的监管私钥及所述公私钥组中的公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成加法同态秘钥，利用生成的加法同态秘钥解密所述加密后的新账户余额。
本实施例中，用户或者机构可以创建新的资产账户进行交易，所创建的新的资产账户称为本实施例中的新账户，例如：在交易时，银行X把账号001上的100张票据变成400张，其可以在一个002账号并放上400余额，然后再创建一个新的003账号上存-300。002账号为账户余额经过同态加密后的资产账户，为上述的老账户，则003账号为新账户，其账户余额也经过同态加密。
监管方需要查看一个交易方的新账户的余额时，则监管方获取该交易方 的新账户对应的公私钥组中的公钥，例如，通过智能合约获取广播来的该交易方的新账户对应的公私钥组中的公钥，或者，该公钥本身就是对应的账户号的预先确定的部分(例如，该公钥可以是对应的账户号的第N1—N2号码段，N1和N2均为大于0的自然数)，利用监管方与预定的秘钥交换协议两者对应的监管私钥及该公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成加法同态秘钥，该生成的加法同态秘钥能够解密新账户余额。
在一优选的实施例中，在进行交易时，交易方也可使用已有账户进行交易而非创建新账户进行交易，此时，第二加密模块108所加密的余额可以是已有账户在交易完成后的新余额，而解密模块102所解密的余额相应地为已有账户在交易完成后的新余额。该实施例中，第二加密模块108对新余额的加密过程及解密模块102对新余额的解密过程等与图5所示的实施例一致，在此不再赘述。
在一优选的实施例中，如图7所示，在上述图6的实施例的基础上，上述系统还包括：
第一验证模块103，用于当区块链的节点接收到广播的各所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额后，启动各节点对应的智能合约进行合数验证；
更新模块104，用于若各节点对应的智能合约分别对各所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额的合数验证通过，则各节点对应的智能合约基于各所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额进行数据更新。
本实施例中，合数验证即验证交易前的所有节点的余额之和是否等于交易之后的所有节点的余额之和，例如：存在有效算法，使得E(x+y)＝E(x)⊕E(y)或者x+y＝D(E(x)⊕E(y))成立，该有效算法即为加法同态加密验证算法，这个算法在验证账户合数的同时，并不泄漏账户的余额x和y。
若各节点对应的智能合约分别对各交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额的合数验证通过，则各节点对应的智能合约基于各交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额进行数据更新。
优选地，还包括发送模块，用于若有节点对应的智能合约对所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额的合数验证不通过，则向各参与合数验证的节点发送合数验证失败的通知，或者，向区块链上的所有节点发送合数验证失败的通知。
在一优选的实施例中，如图8所示，在上述图7的实施例的基础上，上述系统还包括：
第二验证模块105，用于在监管方解密所述新账户加密后的新账户余额后，启用负数余额验证系统对各所述交易方对应的解密后的新账户余额进行负数余额验证；
处理模块106，用于若有资产账户未通过负数余额检验，则监管方将未通过负数余额检验的账户向除对应的异常节点外的其他节点进行通知，和/或，若有资产账户未通过负数余额检验，则监管方通过区块链权限管理系统 取消未通过负数余额检验的账户在区块链上的交易权限。
本实施例中，由于同一个节点参与每次交易的账户和发生额是被记载在案的，所以通过虚假余额检验可以有效防止用户在某个节点通过分账户分摊余额的形式改变某个分账户的余额，从而规避合数验证的校验，例如，用户可以通过制造存有负数的账号来骗过验证：银行X把账号001上的100张票据变成400张：他可以创建一个002账号并放上400余额，然后再在一个新的003账号上存-300，因此，需要进行负数余额验证。
如果各节点对应的智能合约分别对各交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额的合数验证通过，监管方对各个交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额进行解密，并在解密完毕后，启用负数余额验证系统对各个交易方对应的解密后的新账户余额进行负数余额验证，若有账户未通过负数余额检验，则监管方确定该账户，并将该账户的异常状况向除异常区块链节点外的其他节点进行通知，和/或，若有账户未通过负数余额检验，则监管方通过区块链权限管理系统取消异常账户在区块链上的交易权限。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种基于区块链的安全交易方法，其特征在于，所述基于区块链的安全交易方法包括：
    S1，监管方将数字证书写入与需监管的资产种类对应的区块链的智能合约中，以供所有在所述资产种类下拥有资产账户的机构通过所述数字证书获取所述监管方的第一公钥；
    S2，机构方的机构设备基于该机构管理的各所述资产账户对应的公私钥组与预定的秘钥交换协议及所述第一公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成各所述资产账户对应的加法同态秘钥，利用对应的加法同态秘钥对各资产账户的余额进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的余额广播至该区块链的各节点的智能合约上；
    S3，在机构方发起交易时，机构设备将交易方进行交易的新账户的余额通过对应的加法同态秘钥进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的新账户余额广播至该区块链的各节点的智能合约上；
    S4，在监管方查看交易方的新账户的余额时，获取所述新账户对应的公私钥组中的公钥，基于监管方与预定的秘钥交换协议对应的监管私钥及所述公私钥组中的公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成加法同态秘钥，利用生成的加法同态秘钥解密所述加密后的新账户余额。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于区块链的安全交易方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S4和S5可以被替换为：
    S10，在机构方发起交易时，机构设备将交易方进行交易的资产账户的新余额通过对应的加法同态秘钥进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的新余额广播至该区块链的各节点的智能合约上；
    S11，在监管方查看交易方对应的资产账户的新余额时，获取所述账户对应的公私钥组中的公钥，基于监管方与预定的秘钥交换协议对应的监管私钥及所述公私钥组中的公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成加法同态秘钥，利用生成的加法同态秘钥解密所述加密后的新余额。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的基于区块链的安全交易方法，其特征在于，所述数字证书由证书认证机构基于所述监管方与预先确定的秘钥交换协议对应的第一公钥进行签名后生成，并颁发给监管方。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的基于区块链的安全交易方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S3之后还包括：
    S5，当区块链的节点接收到广播的各所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额后，启动各节点对应的智能合约进行合数验证；
    S6，若各节点对应的智能合约分别对各所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户后余额的合数验证通过，则各节点对应的智能合约基于各所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额进行数据更新。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的基于区块链的安全交易方法，其特征在于， 所述步骤S5之后还包括：
    S7，若有节点对应的智能合约对所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额的合数验证不通过，则向各参与合数验证的节点发送合数验证失败的通知，或者，向区块链上的所有节点发送合数验证失败的通知。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的基于区块链的安全交易方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S6之后还包括：
    S8，在监管方解密所述账户加密后的新账户余额后，启用负数余额验证系统对各所述交易方对应的解密后的新账户余额进行负数余额验证；
    S9，若有资产账户未通过负数余额检验，则监管方将未通过负数余额检验的账户向除对应的异常节点外的其他节点进行通知，和/或，若有资产账户未通过负数余额检验，则监管方通过区块链权限管理系统取消未通过负数余额检验的账户在区块链上的交易权限。
  7. 一种电子装置，其特征在于，所述电子装置包括存储器及与所述存储器连接的处理器，所述存储器中存储有可在所述处理器上运行的基于区块链的安全交易系统，所述基于区块链的安全交易系统被所述处理器执行时实现如下步骤：
    S1，监管方将数字证书写入与需监管的资产种类对应的区块链的智能合约中，以供所有在所述资产种类下拥有资产账户的机构通过所述数字证书获取所述监管方的第一公钥；
    S2，机构方的机构设备基于该机构管理的各所述资产账户对应的公私钥组与预定的秘钥交换协议及所述第一公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成各所述资产账户对应的加法同态秘钥，利用对应的加法同态秘钥对各资产账户的余额进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的余额广播至该区块链的各节点的智能合约上；
    S3，在机构方发起交易时，机构设备将交易方进行交易的新账户的余额通过对应的加法同态秘钥进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的新账户余额广播至该区块链的各节点的智能合约上；
    S4，在监管方查看交易方的新账户的余额时，获取所述新账户对应的公私钥组中的公钥，基于监管方与预定的秘钥交换协议对应的监管私钥及所述公私钥组中的公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成加法同态秘钥，利用生成的加法同态秘钥解密所述加密后的新账户余额。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电子装置，其特征在于，所述步骤S4和S5可以被替换为：
    S10，在机构方发起交易时，机构设备将交易方进行交易的资产账户的新余额通过对应的加法同态秘钥进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的新余额广播至该区块链的各节点的智能合约上；
    S11，在监管方查看交易方对应的资产账户的新余额时，获取所述账户对应的公私钥组中的公钥，基于监管方与预定的秘钥交换协议对应的监管私钥及所述公私钥组中的公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成加法同态秘钥，利 用生成的加法同态秘钥解密所述加密后的新余额。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的基于区块链的电子装置，其特征在于，所述数字证书由证书认证机构基于所述监管方与预先确定的秘钥交换协议对应的第一公钥进行签名后生成，并颁发给监管方。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的电子装置，其特征在于，所述基于区块链的安全交易系统被所述处理器执行时，还实现如下步骤：
    S5，当区块链的节点接收到广播的各所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额后，启动各节点对应的智能合约进行合数验证；
    S6，若各节点对应的智能合约分别对各所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户后余额的合数验证通过，则各节点对应的智能合约基于各所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额进行数据更新。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电子装置，其特征在于，所述基于区块链的安全交易系统被所述处理器执行时，还实现如下步骤：
    S7，若有节点对应的智能合约对所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额的合数验证不通过，则向各参与合数验证的节点发送合数验证失败的通知，或者，向区块链上的所有节点发送合数验证失败的通知。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的电子装置，其特征在于，所述基于区块链的安全交易系统被所述处理器执行时，还实现如下步骤：
    S8，在监管方解密所述账户加密后的新账户余额后，启用负数余额验证系统对各所述交易方对应的解密后的新账户余额进行负数余额验证；
    S9，若有资产账户未通过负数余额检验，则监管方将未通过负数余额检验的账户向除对应的异常节点外的其他节点进行通知，和/或，若有资产账户未通过负数余额检验，则监管方通过区块链权限管理系统取消未通过负数余额检验的账户在区块链上的交易权限。
  13. 一种基于区块链的安全交易系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括写入模块、第一加密模块、第二加密模块及解密模块，其中：
    所述写入模块，用于将数字证书写入与需监管的资产种类对应的区块链的智能合约中，以供所有在所述资产种类下拥有资产账户的机构通过所述数字证书获取所述监管方的第一公钥；
    所述第一加密模块，用于基于当前机构管理的各所述资产账户对应的公私钥组中的私钥与预定的秘钥交换协议及所述第一公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成各所述资产账户对应的加法同态秘钥，利用对应的加法同态秘钥对各资产账户的余额进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的余额广播至该区块链的各节点的智能合约上；
    所述第二加密模块，用于在机构方发起交易时，将交易方进行交易的新账户的余额通过对应的加法同态秘钥进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的新账户余额广播至该区块链的各节点的智能合约上；以及，
    所述解密模块，用于在监管方查看交易方的账户的新账户余额时，获取所述新账户对应的公私钥组中的公钥，基于监管方与预定的秘钥交换协议对 应的监管私钥及所述公私钥组中的公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成加法同态秘钥，利用生成的加法同态秘钥解密所述账户加密后的新账户余额。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的系统，其特征在于，所述系统还包括：
    第一验证模块，用于当区块链的节点接收到广播的各所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额后，启动各节点对应的智能合约进行合数验证；
    更新模块，用于若各节点对应的智能合约分别对各所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额的合数验证通过，则各节点对应的智能合约基于各所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额进行数据更新。
  15. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有基于区块链的安全交易系统，所述基于区块链的安全交易系统被处理器执行时实现以下步骤：
    S1，监管方将数字证书写入与需监管的资产种类对应的区块链的智能合约中，以供所有在所述资产种类下拥有资产账户的机构通过所述数字证书获取所述监管方的第一公钥；
    S2，机构方的机构设备基于该机构管理的各所述资产账户对应的公私钥组与预定的秘钥交换协议及所述第一公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成各所述资产账户对应的加法同态秘钥，利用对应的加法同态秘钥对各资产账户的余额进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的余额广播至该区块链的各节点的智能合约上；
    S3，在机构方发起交易时，机构设备将交易方进行交易的新账户的余额通过对应的加法同态秘钥进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的新账户余额广播至该区块链的各节点的智能合约上；
    S4，在监管方查看交易方的新账户的余额时，获取所述新账户对应的公私钥组中的公钥，基于监管方与预定的秘钥交换协议对应的监管私钥及所述公私钥组中的公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成加法同态秘钥，利用生成的加法同态秘钥解密所述加密后的新账户余额。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述步骤S4和S5可以被替换为：
    S10，在机构方发起交易时，机构设备将交易方进行交易的资产账户的新余额通过对应的加法同态秘钥进行加密，通过区块链的智能合约将加密后的新余额广播至该区块链的各节点的智能合约上；
    S11，在监管方查看交易方对应的资产账户的新余额时，获取所述账户对应的公私钥组中的公钥，基于监管方与预定的秘钥交换协议对应的监管私钥及所述公私钥组中的公钥，并按照该秘钥交换协议生成加法同态秘钥，利用生成的加法同态秘钥解密所述加密后的新余额。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述数字证书由证书认证机构基于所述监管方与预先确定的秘钥交换协议对应的第一公钥进行签名后生成，并颁发给监管方。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于， 所述基于区块链的安全交易系统被所述处理器执行时，还实现如下步骤：
    S5，当区块链的节点接收到广播的各所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额后，启动各节点对应的智能合约进行合数验证；
    S6，若各节点对应的智能合约分别对各所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户后余额的合数验证通过，则各节点对应的智能合约基于各所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额进行数据更新。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述基于区块链的安全交易系统被所述处理器执行时，还实现如下步骤：
    S7，若有节点对应的智能合约对所述交易方对应的加密后的新账户余额的合数验证不通过，则向各参与合数验证的节点发送合数验证失败的通知，或者，向区块链上的所有节点发送合数验证失败的通知。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述基于区块链的安全交易系统被所述处理器执行时，还实现如下步骤：
    S8，在监管方解密所述账户加密后的新账户余额后，启用负数余额验证系统对各所述交易方对应的解密后的新账户余额进行负数余额验证；
    S9，若有资产账户未通过负数余额检验，则监管方将未通过负数余额检验的账户向除对应的异常节点外的其他节点进行通知，和/或，若有资产账户未通过负数余额检验，则监管方通过区块链权限管理系统取消未通过负数余额检验的账户在区块链上的交易权限。
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