WO2018133905A1 - Dispositif et procédé de traitement de biomasse - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de traitement de biomasse Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018133905A1
WO2018133905A1 PCT/DE2018/100040 DE2018100040W WO2018133905A1 WO 2018133905 A1 WO2018133905 A1 WO 2018133905A1 DE 2018100040 W DE2018100040 W DE 2018100040W WO 2018133905 A1 WO2018133905 A1 WO 2018133905A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
biomass
fuel dryer
process air
drying
dryer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2018/100040
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Willibald Hergeth
Original Assignee
TRANSPOfix Transporthilfsmittel- und Bodenbeläge-Herstellungs- und Vertriebs- GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TRANSPOfix Transporthilfsmittel- und Bodenbeläge-Herstellungs- und Vertriebs- GmbH filed Critical TRANSPOfix Transporthilfsmittel- und Bodenbeläge-Herstellungs- und Vertriebs- GmbH
Publication of WO2018133905A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018133905A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C05F3/06—Apparatus for the manufacture
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/42—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on animal substances or products obtained therefrom, e.g. manure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/02—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by chemical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
    • F26B11/12—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in stationary drums or other mainly-closed receptacles with moving stirring devices
    • F26B11/16—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in stationary drums or other mainly-closed receptacles with moving stirring devices the stirring device moving in a vertical or steeply-inclined plane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/02—Heating arrangements using combustion heating
    • F26B23/028—Heating arrangements using combustion heating using solid fuel; burning the dried product
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour circulating over or surrounding the materials or objects to be dried
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/18—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by conduction, i.e. the heat is conveyed from the heat source, e.g. gas flame, to the materials or objects to be dried by direct contact
    • F26B3/22—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by conduction, i.e. the heat is conveyed from the heat source, e.g. gas flame, to the materials or objects to be dried by direct contact the heat source and the materials or objects to be dried being in relative motion, e.g. of vibration
    • F26B3/24—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by conduction, i.e. the heat is conveyed from the heat source, e.g. gas flame, to the materials or objects to be dried by direct contact the heat source and the materials or objects to be dried being in relative motion, e.g. of vibration the movement being rotation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/06—Heat exchange, direct or indirect
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/08—Drying or removing water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/10—Recycling of a stream within the process or apparatus to reuse elsewhere therein
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/28—Cutting, disintegrating, shredding or grinding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/30—Pressing, compressing or compacting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/52—Hoppers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/54—Specific separation steps for separating fractions, components or impurities during preparation or upgrading of a fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
    • C10L5/36—Shape
    • C10L5/363—Pellets or granulates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/10—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/02—Biomass, e.g. waste vegetative matter, straw
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for processing biomass for use in a heating system, in which the biomass is supplied in batches to a fuel dryer and is dried therein by circulating with process air. The biomass is pressed after removal from the fuel dryer in fittings.
  • the invention also relates to a device for processing biomass.
  • Biomass Organic substances of biogenic, non-fossil type for energy use, for example for use in biomass heating systems.
  • the energy-related biomass term covers animal and plant products that can be used for the production of heating energy, electrical energy and as fuels.
  • the biomass term refers exclusively to animal and vegetable, but not to microbial substances.
  • the animal and plant substances it only includes substances that can be utilized in energy technology.
  • biomass is an energy source of phytoplankton and zoom.
  • This also includes phytate and by-product derived products and by-products, residues and wastes whose energy content originates from phytoplankton and zoomasse.
  • the pellets obtained from this are suitable for filling CHPs (combined heat and power plants), which in turn generate electricity and produce heating heat.
  • the biomass feed a fuel dryer in batches and thereby to dry by circulating with process air. After discharging the dried biomass from the fuel dryer this is in Pressed pieces.
  • the process air flowing continuously through the fuel dryer can be heated upstream of the fuel dryer by means of a heating medium in a heat exchanger, and the process air moistened in the fuel dryer is then removed from the fuel dryer.
  • the drying process finally comes to an end when either the biomass in the fuel dryer or the discharged process air has reached a target moisture.
  • the particular advantage of this invention lies in the fact that the process of preparing the biomass for use in a heating system with a few, simple components can be represented and thus the treatment process with few controlled variables is reliably controlled.
  • the target moisture content of the biomass in the fuel dryer or the discharged process air is available as a control variable, the detection of the target moisture of the biomass in the fuel dryer being a more direct and precise process control.
  • the process management, the detection and control of the relevant process parameters via a programmable controller, such as a commercially available Simatic control.
  • the device Due to the compact design of the device with its components, it is possible to design the device as a mobile plant parts that can be loaded or mounted on a vehicle for service purposes - such as contractors - are used.
  • the fuel dryer is provided with an additional heater to accelerate the drying process.
  • the heater is part of the surface formed on the lateral surface of the dryer drum and preferably extends over a circumferential angle ⁇ of about 75 ° to 225 °.
  • FIG. 1 shows a simple, schematic process flow diagram for a method according to the invention for the treatment of biomass
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross section through a device for processing biomass with representation of the mass flows
  • FIG. 3 shows a side view of a device for processing biomass with designation of the components
  • FIG. 3a shows a cross section A-A according to FIG. 3 of the device
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a device
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic plan for illustrating the biomass flow.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram for a method for processing biomass B is shown.
  • a device 1 for processing biomass B is shown schematically.
  • the device 1 consists essentially of a fuel dryer 2 with a drying drum 3, which is formed in the manner of a horizontal hollow cylinder with a horizontal axis of rotation 4.
  • the fuel dryer 2 has an approximately centered on the shell periphery of the drying drum 3 provided, closable filling opening 5, through which the drying drum 3 with biomass B can be charged.
  • the filling opening 5 is above the axis of rotation 4 and extends approximately parallel to this, so that when charging the fuel dryer 2, the biomass B falls under gravity approximately in the center of the dryer drum 3.
  • a closable outlet opening 6 is located, which extends approximately parallel to the axis of rotation 4.
  • Dried biomass B is removed from the fuel dryer 2 via this outlet opening 6. From there, the dried biomass B can be fed to a storage bunker, not shown, for pelleting.
  • an air inlet opening 7 is provided, via which the drying drum 3 is supplied with process air L.
  • a heat exchanger 8 is arranged, via which the process air L by means of a heating means W is temperature controlled. The heat supply with respect to temperature and amount of heat can be controlled via a control device for process control of the device 1.
  • the fuel dryer 2 is further detailed in Figures 3, and 3a.
  • the material flow of the biomass B during operation of the device 1 in three sequential successive base phases a) to c) can be represented: a) filling: the fuel dryer 2 is manually or mechanically with a batch biomass B. , which is undried, including the water contained, filled, the batch is previously measured in their amount. b) Drying: the fresh biomass contained in the fuel drier 2 is circulated with preheated process air L and dried to a predeterminable target moisture (14% or less), thereby increasing the humidity of the process air L during the drying process and downstream within the fuel drier 2.
  • the mass flow of the process air L, the material flow of the biomass B are controlled during operation of the device 1 via a control unit not shown, so that after filling the fuel dryer 2 with a batch of biomass B, the drying process runs automatically controlled.
  • Fig. 2 shows the device 1 with respect to the device 1 shown in Fig. 1 in a higher level of detail with other components. In addition to the components shown in FIG. 1, the following is shown in FIG.
  • a coaxially arranged rotor 11 is installed, which is provided with gripping arms 12 which are arranged distributed over its circumference and axially.
  • the rotor 1 1 coupled to a rotary drive 13 circulates with the biomass B located in the drying drum 3 during operation and brings it into contact with the process air L flowing through the drying drum 3.
  • the radially extending gripping arms 12 act mechanically on the biomass B. and crush them.
  • the direction of rotation of the rotor 11, clockwise or anti-clockwise is reversible.
  • a filling funnel 22 is formed, via which the fuel dryer 2 is charged with bulk material B present biomass.
  • the Filling opening 5 is closed by a slide 14, so that during the drying process and during operation of the rotor 11, the fuel dryer 2 remains closed. This is a safety aspect to avoid that people or objects may accidentally fall into the dryer drum 3.
  • the slider 14 has a dust seal 24, whereby an unwanted dust contamination of the environment is avoided.
  • the exhaust duct 9 is connected to this via which the heated and moist process air L is discharged from the drying drum 3 and discharged to the outside.
  • the mass flow of the process air L is controlled.
  • the recorded in the process air L particles, such as dust, etc. are separated and fed to the fuel dryer 2 for recovery.
  • the thus purified process air L then passes into the open, with a residual dust amount of max. 20 mg / m 3 is achieved.
  • the device 1 according to FIG. 3 is supplemented by further functional components.
  • pelleting takes place in a further method step.
  • the biomass B for a continuous feed of a heating system is easier to handle.
  • pelleted biomass B can be stored very well without significantly changing its physicochemical properties.
  • the pellets can be stored in short-term or long-term storage facilities such as silos 16.
  • they are easy to transport as pellets because of their ease of handling with an automatic conveyor.
  • a screw conveyor or a chain conveyor or a conveyor belt may be provided to remove the pellets from the silo again and supply a burner to a heater.
  • the waste heat generated in a heating device can be used, for example, in two ways.
  • a hot water cycle for a residential or farm building or the like can be operated in the vicinity of stables.
  • hot water can be made available for the buildings.
  • a heat exchanger 8 with the heating device can also be operated in such a way that with the aid of the heat exchanger 8 the process air L for dehumidifying and drying the biomass B is heated and a high saturation deficit is thus achieved.
  • a commercial pelletizer 17 is added to the device 1.
  • the dried biomass B taken from the fuel dryer 2 via the outlet opening 6 is conveyed away via a conveyor screw 18 to a buffer 19. From there, the biomass B for pressing the fittings passes into the pelletizer 17.
  • the finished pressed, pellets then pass through a further conveyor 20 into the silo 16th
  • FIG. 3 a shows a cross-section A-A according to FIG. 3 of the device 1.
  • the drying drum 3 of the fuel dryer 2 can be seen. Whose longitudinal axis also forms the axis of rotation 4 of coaxially mounted inside the dryer drum 3 rotor 11.
  • the rotation axis 4 extends perpendicular to the plane of the cross section A-A. As the direction of rotation arrow shows, the rotor 11 is left-handed during operation.
  • cross-section AA within the dryer drum 3 is divided into four quadrants I, II, II I and IV for ease of further reference with center Z lying on the rotation axis 4, with quadrant I upper right, quadrant II lower right, quadrant III bottom left and quadrant IV at the top left.
  • the filling opening 5 is formed on the shell periphery of the drying drum 3 via which the drying drum 3 is charged with biomass B.
  • the outlet opening 6, which can be closed by means of a flap 23, is carried out on the outer circumference of the drying drum 3, via which dried biomass B is conveyed out of the drying drum 3.
  • Both the filling opening 5 and the outlet opening 6 have, as can be seen in FIG. 3, apart from the expansion in the circumferential direction, an extension in the axial direction of the drying drum 3.
  • the relative to the center Z laterally offset formation of the outlet opening 6 is beneficial when emptying the drying drum 3.
  • the biomass B along the inner wall of the dryer drum 3 over the areas of the quadrant in the order of the circumferential direction III-II-L moves, thrown and finally falls left of the rotor 11, in the region of the quadrant III on the Bottom of the drying drum 3 down where the initially closed outlet opening 6 is located.
  • the laterally offset formation of the outlet opening 6 thus considerably facilitates the residue-free emptying of the drying drum 3 and also reduces the overall height of the fuel dryer 2.
  • a one or more reversal of the direction of rotation of the rotor 1 1 enables substantially complete emptying via the opened outlet opening 6.
  • the fuel dryer 2 is provided with an additional heater 26, whereby the biomass B is heated directly and therefore more efficiently.
  • the heater 26 partially contacted the inner wall of the drying drum 3 in the region of the quadrants I, II and III over a circumferential angle ⁇ of about 150 °.
  • the heater 26 is formed by non-illustrated meandering tubes, which is connected to a hot water heater. In the longitudinal direction, the heater 26 extends just above the effective inner length of the dryer drum. 3
  • the heater 26 thus predominantly heats the lower right inner side of the drying drum 3 so that in the case of left-handed operation of the rotor 1 1, the biomass B is moved by the gripper arms 12 over the regions of the quadrants in the order of the circumferential direction III-II-L.
  • the biomass B sweeps over the heated inside and is thus heated.
  • the biomass B falls from the inner surface in the area of the quadrants II and III, from where the biomass B is reheated along the heated inner wall until the drying process is completed.
  • a heating in the area of the quadrant IV is not required and thus unnecessary, especially since there is virtually no contact of the biomass B with inner wall.
  • the heater 26 Due to the design of the heater 26 in the area of the coated by the biomass B inner wall of the dryer drum 3 present as bulk biomass B is moved by the rotor 11 along the heated inner wall. essential borrowed here is that the heater 26 is formed in the region of the rising in operation of the rotor 11 gripping arms 12, since there the biomass B is supported by the gripping arms 12 on the inner wall upwards. The heat transfer from the heated inner wall to the biomass B is thus immediate and optimal.
  • the rotor 1 1 On the rotor 1 1 six radially extending gripping arms 12 are mounted at the same angular distance, which extend radially to the inner wall of the drying drum 3 and form with this a small gap of a few mm.
  • the gap is large enough to compensate for different, operational expansion between the gripping arms 12 and the dryer drum 3, without the gripping arms 12 start in operation on the inner wall.
  • the gap is small enough that the biomass B can be completely gripped and circulated without biomass being able to deposit on the inner wall of the drying drum 3.
  • plate-shaped grippers 21 are mounted, which promote the biomass B from the bottom of the dryer drum 3, raise and bring in the flow of process air L.
  • the biomass B is comminuted and dried by circulating the process air L.
  • Fig. 4 shows the device 1 in a perspective view.
  • the fuel dryer 2 is provided on the outer circumference of the drying drum 3 with a heat insulation 26 in order to avoid heat losses during operation of the fuel dryer 2 and to optimize the efficiency of the device.
  • the extent of attached to a part of the outer surface of the drying drum 3 heater 26 can be seen in the longitudinal and circumferential directions.
  • the schematic process diagram according to FIG. 3 illustrates the separation of the biomass B before it enters the fuel dryer 2.
  • a biomass B originating from stables there are generally three forms of operation for processing the biomass B: a) Separation of the raw, untreated biomass B into its constituents manure and bedding, feeding the manure to the fuel dryer 2, further processing of the manure as fertilizer,

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour le traitement de biomasse dans une installation de chauffage, dans laquelle la biomasse (B) est amenée par lot dans un déshydrateur de combustible (2) et est séchée dans celui-ci par mixage avec de l'air de traitement (L) fourni en continu, et évacuée du déshydrateur de combustible (2) une fois le séchage terminé. Le procédé se déroule comme suit : l'air de traitement (L) circulant à travers le déshydrateur de combustible (2) est chauffé en amont du déshydrateur de combustible (2) dans un échangeur de chaleur au moyen d'un moyen de chauffage et l'air de traitement (L) humidifié dans le déshydrateur de combustible (2) est évacué immédiatement du déshydrateur de combustible (2), puis le mixage avec de l'air de traitement (L) est effectué, le procédé se termine une fois atteinte une humidité cible de la biomasse (B) se trouvant dans le déshydrateur de combustible (2) ou de l'air de traitement (L) évacué.
PCT/DE2018/100040 2017-01-18 2018-01-18 Dispositif et procédé de traitement de biomasse WO2018133905A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017000475.7 2017-01-18
DE102017000475 2017-01-18
DE102017009465.9 2017-10-11
DE102017009465.9A DE102017009465B4 (de) 2017-01-18 2017-10-11 Einrichtung zur Aufbereitung von Biomasse

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018133905A1 true WO2018133905A1 (fr) 2018-07-26

Family

ID=62716276

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2018/100040 WO2018133905A1 (fr) 2017-01-18 2018-01-18 Dispositif et procédé de traitement de biomasse

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102017009465B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018133905A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE902023A (nl) * 1985-03-26 1985-07-16 Verberdt Maurice Inrichting voor het drogen en roosten van zaagmeel en dergelijk houtafval.
DE10226538A1 (de) 2002-06-14 2004-01-08 Schäch, Josef Heizanlage und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Heizanlage
DE102006006701B3 (de) 2006-02-13 2007-09-27 Axel Modrow Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung brennbarer Pellets aus Pferdemist
DE112008002740T5 (de) * 2007-10-16 2010-08-26 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.), Kobe-shi Trocknungsvorrichtung mit indirekter Wärme, Trocknungsverfahren mit indirekter Wärme zum Trocknen einer zu trocknenden Substanz und Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines festen Brennstoffs
WO2012059075A2 (fr) 2010-05-02 2012-05-10 Willibald Hergeth Dispositif et procédé pour produire un combustible à partir de biomasse
WO2012152248A2 (fr) 2011-05-03 2012-11-15 Willibald Hergeth Dispositif et procédé pour préparer de la biomasse

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE902023A (nl) * 1985-03-26 1985-07-16 Verberdt Maurice Inrichting voor het drogen en roosten van zaagmeel en dergelijk houtafval.
DE10226538A1 (de) 2002-06-14 2004-01-08 Schäch, Josef Heizanlage und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Heizanlage
DE102006006701B3 (de) 2006-02-13 2007-09-27 Axel Modrow Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung brennbarer Pellets aus Pferdemist
DE112008002740T5 (de) * 2007-10-16 2010-08-26 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho (Kobe Steel, Ltd.), Kobe-shi Trocknungsvorrichtung mit indirekter Wärme, Trocknungsverfahren mit indirekter Wärme zum Trocknen einer zu trocknenden Substanz und Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines festen Brennstoffs
WO2012059075A2 (fr) 2010-05-02 2012-05-10 Willibald Hergeth Dispositif et procédé pour produire un combustible à partir de biomasse
WO2012152248A2 (fr) 2011-05-03 2012-11-15 Willibald Hergeth Dispositif et procédé pour préparer de la biomasse

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
KALTSCHMITT, M; HARTMANN, H; HOFBAUER, H: "Grundlagen, Techniken und Verfahren", 2009, SPRINGER-VERLAG, article "Energie aus Biomasse", pages: 314 - 332

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102017009465A1 (de) 2018-07-19
DE102017009465B4 (de) 2023-10-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3121544A2 (fr) Procede et dispositif de preparation de carburants solides organiques, en particulier de copeaux de scierie
EP2876395B1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de séchage de matières à sécher
DE102006006701B3 (de) Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung brennbarer Pellets aus Pferdemist
DE102008046299B4 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von Biomasse
AT510487B1 (de) Trocknungsverfahren und trocknungssystem
DE3000769A1 (de) Verfahren zum behandeln radioaktiven abfalls
DE102010005253B4 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Behandeln und/oder Aufbereiten von flüssigem Gärrest aus einem Nachgärer und/oder Fermenter einer Biogasanlage
DE3203823A1 (de) Anlage zur gaserzeugung
KR101634977B1 (ko) 축분 연료화 시스템
WO2018133905A1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de traitement de biomasse
DE102011114232A1 (de) Verfahren und Anlage zur Verwertung von Biomasse
EP3317601B1 (fr) Méthode et appareil pour le traitement et le séchage de matériaux solides en forme de particules
DE102014119341A1 (de) Vorrichtung und system zum trocknen von dung
EP2399093B1 (fr) Séchoir pour le traitement des déchets de jardin
DE4414387C2 (de) Anlage zum Kompostieren von festen organischen Abfällen
DE102013018040A1 (de) Verfahren zur energetischen Verwertung von Trebern aus der Bierherstellung
EP2705303A2 (fr) Dispositif et procédé pour préparer de la biomasse
WO1995013512A1 (fr) Procede de traitement thermique d'un produit solide coulant, dispositif de melange pour son application et produit obtenu selon ce procede
DE2401809C3 (de) Verfahren zum Entwässern von zerkleinertem, feuchtigkeit- und zuckerhaltigem Gut, insbesondere Viehfuttergranulat, und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
EP0186766B1 (fr) Installation pour utiliser des déchets
DE102012011269A1 (de) Trocknungsvorrichtung für eine Biogasanlage und ein Verfahren zum Trocknen eines Flüssigproduktes mit einer solchen Trocknungsvorrichtung
DE202009012914U1 (de) Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von Hackgut
DE102012102130B4 (de) Schubbodendurchlauftrockner
DE3042514A1 (de) Verfahren zum hersellen von duengemitteln
DE202022102467U1 (de) Heizeinrichtung und Heizsystem

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18702606

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2018702606

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20190819

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 18702606

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1