WO2018126332A1 - 一种双层复合地板的制造工艺及其产品 - Google Patents

一种双层复合地板的制造工艺及其产品 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018126332A1
WO2018126332A1 PCT/CN2017/000010 CN2017000010W WO2018126332A1 WO 2018126332 A1 WO2018126332 A1 WO 2018126332A1 CN 2017000010 W CN2017000010 W CN 2017000010W WO 2018126332 A1 WO2018126332 A1 WO 2018126332A1
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Prior art keywords
substrate
pressing
composite floor
layer
double
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PCT/CN2017/000010
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English (en)
French (fr)
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丁志慧
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长兴经纬竹制品有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2017/000010 priority Critical patent/WO2018126332A1/zh
Publication of WO2018126332A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018126332A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
    • B27M3/04—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of flooring elements, e.g. parqueting blocks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/10—Next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/04—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of wooden floor technology, and in particular to a manufacturing process of a double-layer composite floor and a double-layer composite floor made by the same process.
  • the existing double-layer composite floor uses the artificial board as the substrate, and the glued wood or bamboo surface board is used for decorative purposes.
  • the problem that the double-layer composite floor cannot be avoided is the artificial board as the substrate and the wood as the surface.
  • a technical solution for modifying a surface plate such as a double-layer composite floor disclosed in Chinese Patent No. 201110441098.0, and a manufacturing method thereof, the double-layer composite floor comprising a decorative layer made of wood or bamboo layer having a thickness of less than 6 mm. a bonding layer, a substrate layer made of fiberboard, and a bonding layer interposed between the decorative layer and the substrate layer and bonding the two together;
  • the processing step of the double-layer composite floor comprises first performing the surface plate At least two drying, curing, high-temperature carbonization, and health treatment, followed by curing the substrate, and bonding the surface plate and the substrate to obtain a floor blank, and then performing a health treatment on the floor blank.
  • This technical solution has a long production cycle, and the health care process lasts for 2 to 7 days or even 15 days, and the processing steps involving high-temperature carbonization involve complex processes, long time-consuming, high cost, high requirements on the operator's professional skills, and thus product production. Long cycle and high cost.
  • the three-layer solid wood composite floor disclosed by the technical proposal of the fast-growing material veneer on the back surface of the substrate, such as the Chinese patent 200610086624.5, and the manufacturing method thereof, the three-layer solid wood composite floor comprises a surface solid wood board, a high-density core board and a soft The backboard of the quality wood (mostly fast-growing veneer); the manufacturing method of the three-layer solid wood composite floor comprises first drying the surface to 7-9%, and controlling the moisture content of the high-density fiberboard used for the core board Between 4 and 8%, and the moisture content of the soft wood used for the backing plate is controlled at 4 to 6%, and then the three layers of materials are simultaneously subjected to the assembly and pressing, and finally obtained by sieving, balancing and molding. Flooring material.
  • the fast-growing veneer on the back of the product of this technical solution can only play a role in balancing the tension.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a product which is directly coated on a back surface of a substrate to save a material and is quick to install a double-layer composite floor, and a manufacturing process in which the production cycle of the double-layer composite flooring product is short and the cost is low.
  • a double-layer composite floor comprising a wooden or bamboo table and a fiberboard substrate, and a balance layer adhesively disposed on the back surface of the substrate;
  • the balance layer is a polyethylene film and has a thickness of 0.5 to 5 mm; and the surface plate has a thickness of 0.6 to 6 mm.
  • the polyethylene balance layer with a certain thickness adheres to the back surface of the substrate and can replace the traditional moisture-proof film, so that the double-layer composite floor of the technical solution does not need to use the moisture-proof film during paving, thereby improving the paving efficiency.
  • the second technical object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a manufacturing process of a double-layer composite floor, comprising a hot pressing step of hot-pressing the surface of the fiberboard substrate, and the following after the veneering a step of cold pressing the balance layer on the back surface of the substrate; the processing temperature of the hot pressing step is 60 to 130 ° C, the pressure is 1 to 3 MPa, the dwell time is 5 to 7 min; and the processing pressure of the cold pressing step is 1 ⁇ 3MPa, holding time is 20 ⁇ 40min.
  • Another manufacturing process of a double-layer composite floor pressing a fiberboard substrate against a surface plate and pressing a film balancing layer on the back surface of the substrate, the pressing and pressing treatment being completed in a cold pressing step;
  • the cold pressing pressure in the pressing step is 1 to 3 MPa, and the dwell time is 20 to 40 min.
  • the fiberboard substrate is hot-pressed and attached to the surface plate, and the balance layer is cold-pressed on the back surface of the substrate, and the hot press is pressed and the cold pressed is pressed at a pressure. Completed in steps.
  • the polyethylene film is a non-high temperature resistant material, so the preferred bonding method of the back balance layer and the substrate is to use a room temperature curing adhesive and cold pressing, and for the purpose of manufacturing cost, a thermosetting adhesive bonding table is selected.
  • the board and the substrate; in the technical solution, the thermocompression bonding of the surface plate and the substrate and the cold pressing bonding of the substrate and the balance layer are completed in the same pressing step, which can effectively improve the double-layer composite floor of the technical solution. Production efficiency. It can be known to those skilled in the art that after hot pressing, cooling and cooling are required, and a certain period of time is required for maintenance.
  • the holding pressure of cold pressing is much longer than the holding time of hot pressing, so that after the hot pressing process is completed, the cold pressing process is still in progress.
  • the watch plate is transferred from hot pressing to cold pressing, and the cooling and initial maintenance are completed in the subsequent time period, and only one time of maintenance is required after the entire pressing step is completed.
  • the pressing step includes a first stage and a second stage which are sequentially performed, the processing pressure of the first stage is 1 to 3 MPa, the upper platen temperature is 60 to 80 ° C, and the lower platen 25 to 35 ° C, for 5 ⁇ 6min, the second stage is 3 ⁇ 5min to cool the upper plate to isothermal with the lower plate, and hold pressure for 10 ⁇ 30min.
  • the moisture in the upper portion of the substrate thickness moves toward the lower portion of the thickness (close to At the side of the balancing layer)
  • the upper platen hot platen
  • the lower platen cold platen
  • the water is completely migrated during the natural cooling process, even during the continuous cold pressing process.
  • the three-layer structure is kept under pressure in the press, but when the pressure is released, the double-layer composite floor covered with the balance layer will be produced due to the decrease of the moisture of the surface plate and the low moisture content of the upper part of the substrate.
  • the technical scheme of hot pressing and cold pressing first requires 7 to 10 days of aging treatment (health) after hot pressing, and 7 to 10 days of aging treatment after cold pressing, and natural cooling once. In the pressing process, an aging treatment of 12 to 15 days is required.
  • the duration of the hot pressing treatment is 5 to 6 minutes, during this period, since the moisture change of the wood material has hysteresis, the moisture of the upper portion of the substrate of the density board completes the preparation for moisture migration.
  • the moisture in the upper part does not migrate, so that deformation does not occur after the pressure is released, and the aging treatment of cold pressing can be maintained for 7 to 10 Days, thereby further shortening the production cycle of the manufacturing process of the technical solution.
  • the lower platen in the first stage, maintains a temperature by passing cooling water, and the upper platen maintains a temperature by passing hot-pressing oil.
  • the upper pressure plate is strong by draining oil and passing through cooling water. Cooling.
  • the surface plate has a thickness of 0.6 to 3 mm of a wood veneer or a bamboo veneer, and the substrate has a thickness of 15 to 17.4 mm.
  • the adhesive used in the heat pressing veneer treatment step is a melamine resin adhesive or a modified melamine resin adhesive.
  • the double-layer composite floor of the technical solution has the characteristics of saving materials and quick installation; and the manufacturing process of the double-layer composite floor of the technical solution has the characteristics of short production cycle and low cost.
  • Example 1 A double-layer composite floor having a specification of 910 mm * 125 mm * 21 mm, comprising a 6 mm thick Asian pear table, a 12 mm thick high density board substrate, and a 3 mm thick polyethylene film.
  • the manufacturing process of the double-layer composite floor includes the following steps,
  • the three-layer material is assembled in the order of the top, the bottom, the substrate, the balance layer, and the 10*2 sub-Pear board is placed on the substrate in an equally spaced array.
  • the adhesive is white latex and placed in a cold press.
  • Example 2 A double-layer composite floor having a specification of 910 mm * 125 mm * 21 mm, comprising a 0.6 mm thick beech wood board adhered to each other, a 17.4 mm thick high density board substrate, and a 2 mm thick polyethylene film.
  • the manufacturing process of the double-layer composite floor includes the following steps,
  • the hot pressing step placing the pre-pressed surface plate and the substrate in a hot press, the hot pressing temperature is 90 ⁇ 2° C., the pressure is 1 MPa, and the holding pressure is 6 min;
  • cold pressing step sizing on the back side of the substrate, using the adhesive as white latex, placing the hot-pressed double-layer floor on the polyethylene film balance layer, the cold pressing pressure is 1 MPa, and the pressure is 35 min;
  • Example 3 A double-layer composite floor having a specification of 910 mm * 125 mm * 21 mm, comprising a 3 mm thick reconstituted bamboo material sheet adhered to each other, a 15 mm thick high density board substrate, and a 2.5 mm thick polyethylene film.
  • the manufacturing process of the double-layer composite floor includes the following steps,
  • the heat transfer oil is introduced into the oil passage of the upper pressure plate, and the cooling water is introduced into the cooling water passage of the upper pressure plate to lower the temperature of the upper pressure plate to 30 ° C within 3 to 5 minutes, and the pressure is maintained for 25 minutes.
  • the oil passage and the cooling water passage are arranged side by side on the thickness of the upper pressure plate, and the oil passage and the cooling water passage tray are in a retrotype;
  • the modified melamine resin adhesive used between the surface plate and the substrate comprises a first modified melamine resin adhesive and a second modified melamine resin adhesive, and the modified melamine resin adhesive
  • the coating is divided into two steps, so that the first adhesive layer formed by the first modified melamine resin adhesive is adjacent to one side of the surface plate, and the second adhesive formed by the second modified melamine resin adhesive is formed.
  • the layer is adjacent to one side of the substrate.
  • the first modified melamine resin adhesive comprises 60% by mass of formaldehyde, 9% of polyvinyl alcohol, 13% of melamine, 23% of urea, 10% of ethanol, 7% of polyethylene glycol, and the balance The amount is water; the second modified melamine resin adhesive comprises 55% by mass of formaldehyde, 6% of polyvinyl alcohol, 11% of melamine, 20% of urea, 6% of ethanol, 5% of polyethylene Glycol, 3% lignin powder, the balance is water.
  • the coating method can improve the bonding strength of the two layers by coating the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer on the surface plate and the substrate, respectively, and ensuring sufficient bonding strength in a short hot pressing time. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)

Abstract

一种双层复合地板的制造工艺及其产品，包括木质或竹质表板和纤维板基板，还包括胶黏设置在所述基板背面的平衡层；所述平衡层为聚乙烯膜且厚度为0.5～5mm；所述表板厚度为0.6～6mm；其制造工艺包括对纤维板基板热压压贴表板的热压步骤、以及对贴面后的所述基板背面进行冷压压覆平衡层的步骤；所述热压步骤的处理温度为60～130℃、压力为1～3MPa、保压时间为5～7min；所述冷压步骤的处理压力为1～3MPa、保压时间为20～40min；具有节约材料、安装快捷、生产周期短、成本低的特点。

Description

一种双层复合地板的制造工艺及其产品 技术领域
本申请涉及木质地板技术领域，具体涉及一种双层复合地板的制造工艺以及利用该种工艺制得的双层复合地板。
背景技术
现有的双层复合地板是利用了人造板作为基板、其上胶黏木质或竹质表板以做装饰用途，然而双层复合地板不可回避的问题是作为基板的人造板和作为表面的木质或竹质单板之间的稳定性存在差异，这一差异在使用中使表板和基板的收缩或膨胀不一致，从而产生变形。现有技术中解决上述问题的方案有两种：(1)利用物理或化学改性处理提高表板的稳定性；(2)在基板的背面(表面所在面视为表面，与这一表面相对的面视为背面)覆以速生材单板以平衡基板表面与背面的拉力。
对表板进行改性处理的技术方案如中国专利201110441098.0公开的一种双层复合地板及其制造方法，该种双层复合地板包括厚度低于6mm的木质或竹质层制成的装饰层、粘结层、纤维板制成的基材层，且粘结层介于装饰层和基材层之间并将二者粘结为整体；该种双层复合地板的加工步骤包括首先对表板进行至少两次的干燥、养生、高温碳化、养生处理，随后对基板进行养生，并将表板和基板进行胶黏压贴以得到地板坯料，随后对地板坯料进行养生处理。这一技术方案生产周期长，养生工序动辄2～7天，甚至15天，且其中涉及高温碳化的处理步骤，工艺复杂、耗时长、成本高、对操作者的专业技能要求高，因而产品生产周期长、成本高。
通过在基板背面覆以速生材单板的技术方案如中国专利200610086624.5公开的加强型三层实木复合地板及其制作方法，该种三层实木复合地板包括表层实木板、高密度板芯板和软质木材(多为速生材单板)的背板；该种三层实木复合地板的制造方法包括首先将表板干燥至7～9％、将用于芯板的高密度纤维板的含水率控制在4～8％之间、以及将用于背板的软质木材含水率控制在4～6％时间，随后将三层材料同时进行组坯和压合，最后通过分片、平衡、成型制得地板材料。这一技术方案的产品背面的速生材单板仅仅能起到平衡拉力的作用。
上述两种技术方案，均只能起到产品在出厂时的平整性和稳定性，而无法起到防止地面水分进入地板的作用，因而在使用时需要在底面上铺设防潮膜，以隔绝地面与地板之间的水分交换。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种直接在基板背面覆以平衡层从而节约材料、安装快捷的双层复合地板的产品，以及该种双层复合地板产品的生产周期短、成本低的制造工艺。
本发明的上述技术目的之一是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：一种双层复合地板，包括木质或竹质表板和纤维板基板，还包括胶黏设置在所述基板背面的平衡层；所述平衡层为聚乙烯膜且厚度为0.5～5mm；所述表板厚度为0.6～6mm。
在本技术方案中，通过在双层复合地板背面覆以具有一定厚度的聚乙烯平衡层，从而实现三个技术效果，其一，减少了背板的使用，通过平衡层的支撑以平衡表板的伸缩对基板的伸缩之间的相互影响；其二，胶黏聚乙烯平衡层后，基板背面被平衡层封闭，避免了水泥地面中的水分进入基板中、打破表板与基板之间的平衡使地板材料发生形变的问题； 其三，具有一定厚度的聚乙烯平衡层粘附在基板背面后可替代传统防潮膜，从而使本技术方案的一种双层复合地板在铺装时无需使用防潮膜，提高了铺装效率。
本发明的上述技术目的之二是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：一种双层复合地板的制造工艺，包括对纤维板基板热压压贴表板的热压步骤、以及对贴面后的所述基板背面进行冷压压覆平衡层的步骤；所述热压步骤的处理温度为60～130℃、压力为1～3MPa、保压时间为5～7min；所述冷压步骤的处理压力为1～3MPa、保压时间为20～40min。
其他一种的双层复合地板的制造工艺，对纤维板基板压贴表板并在所述基板背面压覆膜平衡层，所述压贴和压覆处理在一个冷压步骤中完成；所述冷压步骤的冷压压力为1～3MPa、保压时间为20～40min。
其他一种的双层复合地板的制造工艺，对纤维板基板热压压贴表板并在所述基板背面冷压压覆平衡层，所述热压压贴和所述冷压压覆在一个压合步骤中完成。
聚乙烯膜属于不耐高温材料，因而背面平衡层与基板的优选粘结方式是采用常温固化胶黏剂并采用冷压压合，而出于制造成本的考虑，选择热固性胶黏剂粘结表板和基板；在本技术方案中，将表板和基板的热压粘结以及基板与平衡层的冷压粘结在同一个压合步骤中完成，可有效提高本技术方案的双层复合地板的生产效率。本领域技术人员可知，热压之后需要降温冷却、需要一定时间的养生，而同时冷压的保压时间远长于热压的保压时间，因而当热压处理完成后，冷压处理仍在进行，此时表板由热压转入冷压，在后续的时间段中完成降温和初步的养生，而在整个压合步骤完成后，仅需一次的养生即可。
作为上述技术方案的优选，所述压合步骤包括依次进行的第一阶段和第二阶段，所述第一阶段的处理压力为1～3MPa、上压板温度为60～80℃、下压板25～35℃、持续5～6min，所述第二阶段为3～5min内将所述上压板降温至与所述下压板等温，并保压10～30min。
当上层的表板和基板采用热压压合、下层的平衡层和基板采用冷压压合时，基板厚度的上部(靠近表板一侧的部分)中的水分会移向厚度的下部(靠近平衡层一侧的部分)，此时如果等待上压板(热压板)自然降温至与下压板(冷压板)等温，则在自然降温过程中，水分完成迁移，即使在持续冷压过程的时间中，三层结构在压机中处于受压状态而保持平整，但当泄压后，覆有平衡层的双层复合地板会因表板水分的降低、以及基板上部水分低而下部水分高产生形变，在后期的养生中，表板与基板的含水率逐渐恢复至平衡，最后双层复合地板回复平整，因而会在一定程度上延长单次养生的周期。在生产实际中，先热压后冷压的技术方案，热压后需要进行7～10天的时效处理(养生)、冷压后需要再次进行7～10天的时效处理，而自然降温的一次压合工艺中，需要12～15天的时效处理。
而在本技术方案中，由于热压处理的持续时间是5～6分钟，在这段时间中，由于木质材料水分变化具有滞后性，密度板的基板的上部的水分完成了水分的迁移准备，利用强制降温在3～5分钟内使表板和基板的上部降温至与下压板等温，则上部的水分不发生迁移，从而泄压后不会发生形变，冷压的时效处理可以维持7～10天，从而进一步缩短了本技术方案的制造工艺的生产周期。
作为上述技术方案的优选，所述第一阶段中，所述下压板通过通入冷却水保持温度，所述上压板通过通入热压油保持温度。
作为上述技术方案的优选，所述第二阶段中，所述上压板通过泄油并通入冷却水以强 制冷却。
作为上述技术方案的优选，所述表板的厚度为0.6～3mm木质单板或竹质单板，所述基板的厚度为15～17.4mm。
作为上述技术方案的优选，所述热压贴面的处理工序使用的胶黏剂为三聚氰胺树脂胶黏剂或改性三聚氰胺树脂胶黏剂。
综上所述，本技术方案的一种双层复合地板具有节约材料、安装快捷的特点；以及本技术方案的该种双层复合地板的制造工艺具有生产周期短、成本低的特点。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图以及优选的方案对本发明做进一步详细的说明。
实施例1：一种双层复合地板，规格为910mm*125mm*21mm，包括相互胶黏的6mm厚的亚花梨表板、12mm厚的高密度板基板以及3mm厚的聚乙烯膜。
该种双层复合地板的制造工艺，包括以下步骤，
(1)原材制备，选取规格为912mm*126mm*6.5mm的亚花梨表板，并将亚花梨表板含水率控制在10～12％；选取规格为1330mm*2000mm*12mm的高密度板基板，并将基板含水率控制在8～10％；选取宽度为1330mm、厚度为3mm的聚乙烯膜平衡层，裁切成2000mm的长度；
(2)组坯，将三层材料施胶后，按照从上至下为表板、基板、平衡层的顺序组坯，一层基板上等间距阵列放置10*2块亚花梨表板，使用的胶黏剂为白乳胶，放入冷压机中。
(3)冷压，冷压压力为2MPa、保压时间为40min，后泄压。
(4)养生，7～10天；
(5)裁板，裁切成912mm*126mm*21mm规格的坯料；
(6)机加工，锯制企口、表面油漆、企口封蜡，得到本技术方案的双层复合地板。
实施例2：一种双层复合地板，规格为910mm*125mm*21mm，包括相互胶黏的0.6mm厚的桉木表板、17.4mm厚的高密度板基板以及2mm厚的聚乙烯膜。
该种双层复合地板的制造工艺，包括以下步骤，
(1)原材制备，选取规格为912mm*126mm*0.8mm的桉木旋切表板，并将桉木旋切表板含水率控制在10～12％；选取规格为1330mm*2000mm*17.4mm的高密度板基板，并将基板含水率控制在8～10％；选取宽度为1330mm、厚度为2mm的聚乙烯膜平衡层，裁切成2000mm的长度；
(2)组坯预压，将基板置于冷压机上，将亚花梨表板一面施胶，使用的胶黏剂为酚醛胶，一层基板上等间距阵列放置10*2块亚花梨表板，闭合压机冷压预压5～10min；
(3)热压步骤，将预压后的表板和基板置于热压机中，热压温度为90±2℃、压力为1MPa、保压6min；
(4)养生的步骤，将热压后的表板和基板养生7～10天；
(5)冷压步骤，在基板背面施胶，使用的胶黏剂为白乳胶，将热压后的双层地板放置在聚乙烯膜平衡层上，冷压压力为1MPa、保压35min；
(6)养生，7～10天；
(7)裁板，裁切成912mm*126mm*21mm规格的坯料；
(8)机加工，锯制企口、表面油漆、企口封蜡，得到本技术方案的双层复合地板。
实施例3：一种双层复合地板，规格为910mm*125mm*21mm，包括相互胶黏的3mm厚的重组竹材料表板、15mm厚的高密度板基板以及2.5mm厚的聚乙烯膜。
该种双层复合地板的制造工艺，包括以下步骤，
(1)原材制备，选取规格为912mm*126mm*3.2mm的重组竹材料表板，并将重组竹材料表板含水率控制在10～12％；选取规格为1330mm*2000mm*15mm的高密度板基板，并将基板含水率控制在8～10％；选取宽度为1330mm、厚度为2.5mm的聚乙烯膜平衡层，裁切成2000mm的长度；
(2)组坯预压，将三层材料施胶后，按照从上至下为表板、基板、平衡层的顺序组坯，一层基板上等间距阵列放置10*2块亚花梨表板，其中表板和基板之间使用的胶黏剂为改性三聚氰胺树脂胶黏剂、基板和平衡层之间使用的胶黏剂为白乳胶，放入冷压机中，闭合压机冷压预压5～10min；
(3)压合步骤，将预压后的表板和基板置于热压机中，
(3-1)第一阶段，向上压板的油路中通入导热油，控制上压板温度65℃，下压板通入冷却水控制下压板温度30℃，压机压力3MPa，保持5min；
(3-2)第二阶段，卸除上压板的油路中通入导热油、并向上压板的冷却水路中通入冷却水，使上压板在3～5min内降温至30℃，保压25min；其中油路和冷却水路在上压板的厚度上并列层叠设置，油路和冷却水路盘成回字型；
(4)养生的步骤，将热压后的表板和基板养生7～10天；
(5)裁板，裁切成912mm*126mm*21mm规格的坯料；
(6)机加工，锯制企口、表面油漆、企口封蜡，得到本技术方案的双层复合地板。
在本实施例中，表板与基板之间使用的改性三聚氰胺树脂胶黏剂包括第一改性三聚氰胺树脂胶黏剂和第二改性三聚氰胺树脂胶黏剂，且改性三聚氰胺树脂胶黏剂分为两个步骤涂布，以使该第一改性三聚氰胺树脂胶黏剂形成的第一胶层靠近该表板一侧，并使该第二改性三聚氰胺树脂胶黏剂形成的第二胶层靠近该基板一侧。该第一改性三聚氰胺树脂胶黏剂包括质量百分比为60％的甲醛、9％的聚乙烯醇、13％的三聚氰胺、23％的尿素、10％的乙醇、7％的聚乙二醇、余量为水；该第二改性三聚氰胺树脂胶黏剂包括质量百分比为55％的甲醛、6％的聚乙烯醇、11％的三聚氰胺、20％的尿素、6％的乙醇、5％的聚乙二醇、3％的木质素粉、余量为水。涂布的方式可通过将第一胶层和第二胶层分别涂布在表板和基板上，从而提高二者的胶合强度，并以保证在较短的热压时间里获得足够的胶合强度。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释，其并不是对本发明的限制，本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改，但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种双层复合地板的制造工艺，其特征在于：包括对纤维板基板热压压贴表板的热压步骤、以及对贴面后的所述基板背面进行冷压压覆平衡层的步骤；所述热压步骤的处理温度为60～130℃、压力为1～3MPa、保压时间为5～7min；所述冷压步骤的处理压力为1～3MPa、保压时间为20～40min。
  2. 一种双层复合地板的制造工艺，其特征在于：对纤维板基板压贴表板并在所述基板背面压覆膜平衡层，所述压贴和压覆处理在一个冷压步骤中完成；所述冷压步骤的冷压压力为1～3MPa、保压时间为20～40min。
  3. 一种双层复合地板的制造工艺，其特征在于：对纤维板基板热压压贴表板并在所述基板背面冷压压覆平衡层，所述热压压贴和所述冷压压覆在一个压合步骤中完成。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种双层复合地板的制造工艺，其特征在于：所述压合步骤包括依次进行的第一阶段和第二阶段，所述第一阶段的处理压力为1～3MPa、上压板温度为60～80℃、下压板25～35℃、持续5～6min，所述第二阶段为3～5min内将所述上压板降温至与所述下压板等温，并保压10～30min。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种双层复合地板的制造工艺，其特征在于：所述第一阶段中，所述下压板通过通入冷却水保持温度，所述上压板通过通入热压油保持温度。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种双层复合地板的制造工艺，其特征在于：所述第二阶段中，所述上压板通过泄油并通入冷却水以强制冷却。
  7. 根据权利要求3或4或5所述的一种双层复合地板的制造工艺，其特征在于：所述表板的厚度为0.6～3mm木质单板或竹质单板，所述基板的厚度为15～17.4mm。
  8. 根据权利要求3或4或5所述的一种双层复合地板的制造工艺，其特征在于：所述热压贴面的处理工序使用的胶黏剂为三聚氰胺树脂胶黏剂或改性三聚氰胺树脂胶黏剂。
  9. 一种双层复合地板，包括木质或竹质表板和纤维板基板，其特征在于：还包括胶黏设置在所述基板背面的平衡层；所述平衡层为聚乙烯膜且厚度为0.5～5mm；所述表板为实木单板且厚度为0.6～6mm。
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