WO2018107728A1 - 车辆后视镜以及用于监控驾驶者驾驶状态的方法和系统 - Google Patents

车辆后视镜以及用于监控驾驶者驾驶状态的方法和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018107728A1
WO2018107728A1 PCT/CN2017/091795 CN2017091795W WO2018107728A1 WO 2018107728 A1 WO2018107728 A1 WO 2018107728A1 CN 2017091795 W CN2017091795 W CN 2017091795W WO 2018107728 A1 WO2018107728 A1 WO 2018107728A1
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Prior art keywords
driver
camera
rearview mirror
infrared
vehicle
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PCT/CN2017/091795
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
丹尼尔·布拉查诺
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蔚来汽车有限公司
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Publication of WO2018107728A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018107728A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/12—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W40/00—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models
    • B60W40/08—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models related to drivers or passengers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/12—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks
    • B60R2001/1253—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks with cameras, video cameras or video screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W40/00—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models
    • B60W40/08—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models related to drivers or passengers
    • B60W2040/0818—Inactivity or incapacity of driver
    • B60W2040/0827—Inactivity or incapacity of driver due to sleepiness

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the field of vehicle safety technology and, in particular, to a solution for monitoring a driver's driving condition.
  • the present invention provides a vehicle rearview mirror including: a camera whose image capturing assembly is configured to always face the driver's face to collect data for evaluating the driver's driving state.
  • the vehicle rearview mirror as described above further includes an infrared ray diffusing device disposed in front of the infrared ray emitting device.
  • the present invention also provides a system for monitoring a driver's driving condition, including a vehicle rearview mirror as described above, and a processing unit communicatively coupled to the camera of the rearview mirror.
  • the system for monitoring driver's driving state as described above further includes an output unit communicatively coupled to the processing unit.
  • the present invention provides a method for monitoring a driver's driving state, comprising: arranging a camera in a vehicle rear view mirror, wherein an image capture component of the camera is configured to always face the driver a face; collecting data for evaluating a driver's driving state by an image capturing component of the camera; and monitoring a driver's driving state based on the data.
  • the method as described above further comprising: arranging an infrared emitting device in the vehicle rearview mirror, wherein the infrared emitting device is configured to emit infrared light toward a driver's face; and arranging infrared sensing in the camera A device to sense the infrared light.
  • the method as described above further comprising: arranging a light sensing device in the vehicle rearview mirror, wherein the light sensing device is configured to sense whether there is insufficient visible light; and insufficient visible light
  • the infrared emitting device is activated in the case.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle rear view mirror according to an example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle rear view mirror according to another example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for monitoring a driver's driving state according to an example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for monitoring a driver's state in accordance with one example of the present invention.
  • the vehicle rear view mirror 1 includes a camera 10.
  • the rearview mirror 1 is used by the driver to observe the rear of the vehicle. Similar to the rear view mirror currently in use in a vehicle, the rear view mirror 1 includes glass and a housing that houses and secures the glass. According to the invention, the rear view mirror 1 further comprises a camera 10.
  • the image capture component of camera 10 is configured to always face the driver's face to collect data for assessing the driver's driving status. It should be noted that the image capturing component of the camera 10 is disposed toward the driver's face, not to say that it only captures the driver's facial image. It should be understood that in the example of the present invention, the camera 10 can capture the driver's facial image, or Capture some of the driver's body shape, such as the driver's arm lifted, the upper body tilted and so on.
  • the camera 10 is disposed inside the rear view mirror 1.
  • the camera 10 is disposed between the housing of the mirror and the glass, and may be fixed to the housing or fixed to the glass by a suitable means such as bonding.
  • minute holes can be provided in the glass of the mirror 1 so that the image capturing unit of the camera 10 can capture the driver's face image or the like through it, thereby obtaining data for evaluating the state of the driver.
  • camera 10 may only be an image capture component.
  • camera 10 may include an image capture component and a housing for a camera that carries the image capture component. In some examples of the invention, camera 10 may only employ an image capture component.
  • the camera 10 is disposed inside the rear view mirror 1 and the image capture assembly of the camera 10 is attached to the glass of the vehicle rear view mirror.
  • at least a portion of the glass of the rear view mirror for attaching the image capturing assembly is controllable in light transmittance such that an image capturing assembly attached to the glass can capture an image captured by the driver.
  • the glass used to affix the image capture assembly is partially transmissive compared to the rest of the rear view mirror, such that the image capture component can capture images less conspicuously while capturing images. Avoid causing discomfort to the driver.
  • camera 10 may simply be an image capture component.
  • the surface of the image capture component may need to be leveled to help fit.
  • the glass of the mirror is an electrochromic glass, whereby the color or the like of the mirror mirror can be adjusted by a change in an electric field applied to the glass.
  • the rear view mirror is equipped with a camera, it is possible to directly acquire a driver's face image and some body shape images, which usually characterize the driver's mood, consciousness, sleepiness, and the like.
  • the image data captured by the camera can be passed to a processor unit from which the data is analyzed to determine the state of the driver. Further, in some cases, the processor unit can perform corresponding operations in accordance with the driver's state.
  • the driver may be prompted to pay attention to the safety information by the head-up display, or to prompt the driver to pay attention to safety by the voice output unit, or to control the in-vehicle audio device to play the soothing music or the like.
  • the processor unit can be integrated with or independent of the camera. Where the processor unit is independent of the camera, the processor unit may be implemented in an existing electronic control unit in the vehicle, such as a portion of a control unit of an in-vehicle entertainment system or a portion of a control unit of an in-vehicle instrumentation system, and the like.
  • the vehicle rearview mirrors referred to herein may be the concept of accessories in a vehicle as generally understood by those skilled in the art.
  • the rear view mirror is a central rear view mirror of the vehicle to more conveniently and accurately capture information about the driver's face.
  • the glass of the rear view mirror is an electrochromic glass, in which case the rear view mirror is an electrochromic rear view mirror.
  • the driver's state can be evaluated or monitored without affecting the driver's driving, thereby effectively reducing the occurrence of driving accidents and ensuring driving safety.
  • the rear view mirror 2 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle rear view mirror 2 according to another example of the present invention.
  • the rear view mirror 2 may further include an infrared emitting device 12 configured to emit infrared light toward the driver's face.
  • the infrared emitting device 12 is an infrared LED.
  • the infrared sensing unit 100 is disposed in the camera 10 to sense the infrared light emitted by the infrared emitting device 12.
  • camera 10 may employ an image capture assembly capable of sensing infrared light or include similar imaging sensing devices.
  • an infrared ray emitting device 12 capable of infrared ray irradiation
  • an infrared ray sensing member is provided in the camera 10 so that data for evaluating the driving state of the driver can be efficiently collected even in a case where the light is dark at night or in a tunnel, for example.
  • the rear view mirror 1 further includes an infrared diffusing device 14 which is disposed directly in front of the infrared emitting device 12 as an example.
  • the arrangement of the infrared diffusing device 14 helps the infrared light to uniformly illuminate the driver's face, effectively improving the accuracy of data collection.
  • the infrared emitting device 12 can be disposed within the rearview mirror along with the infrared diffusing device 14, such as behind the mirror.
  • the rearview mirror shown in FIG. 2 may further include a light sensing device for sensing a light condition, the sensing signal of which can characterize the brightness of the ambient light.
  • the infrared emitting device is turned on or off according to the sensing signal. Specifically, in the case that the light signal characterized by the sensing signal is dark, the infrared emitting device is turned on, and in the case where the light characterized by the sensing signal is bright, the infrared emitting device is turned off.
  • the light sensing device is for example an illumination sensor.
  • a light sensing device may not be additionally provided.
  • the vehicle rear view mirror configuration shown in FIG. 2 can effectively collect data for evaluating the driving state of the driver under different conditions during day and night, thereby effectively avoiding accidents under various lighting conditions. Improve driving safety.
  • the camera 10 in the case where the camera 10 is disposed inside the rear view mirror, it is not necessary to change the manner in which the rear view mirror is assembled in the existing vehicle.
  • the invention also provides a system for monitoring the status of a driver.
  • 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for monitoring a driver's driving state according to an example of the present invention.
  • the driving state may be a state in which the driver is fatigued, a state in which the driver is handling other things while driving, and the like.
  • the data used to determine the driver's state is derived from the image of the driver's face obtained through the camera, and in some cases may also include some of the driver's physical state. Based on the image data of the acquired face images, the driver's mood, sleepiness, and the like can be judged.
  • the system for monitoring driver status includes a rear view mirror 3 and a processing unit 4.
  • the rear view mirror 3 may be any one of the rear view mirrors as described above.
  • the processing unit 4 receives the image data transmitted from the camera of the rear view mirror 3 and processes it to determine the state of the driver. In some cases, the processing unit 4 will perform a corresponding operation according to the state and the operation will be output through the output unit 5.
  • Output Unit 5 may be a text output component, a voice output component, or the like.
  • the output unit 5 may be a head up display; or, the output unit 5 may be a buzzer; or, the output unit 5 may be an output unit that outputs both voice and text.
  • the output unit may be a unit electrically connected to, for example, a brake system that transmits a signal from the processing unit 4 to the brake system for emergency operation such as braking, for example, based on The image data determines that the driver is in an extremely uncomfortable situation.
  • the infrared ray emitting device 12 and the infrared ray diffusing device 14 are disposed, and the infrared ray sensing member is disposed correspondingly in the camera 10, so that the monitoring system is in the light. It works fine in good situations and works equally well in poor lighting conditions.
  • the processing unit 4 may be a separately provided control unit for performing the operations as described above, or in a control unit of an electronic system already in communication with the monitoring system in the vehicle, such as mentioned above Instrumentation system, etc.
  • step 31 a camera is arranged in the vehicle rear view mirror, the camera being configured to always face the driver's face.
  • data for evaluating the state of the driver is collected by the camera.
  • the collected data may be image or video data containing information characterizing the state of the driver.
  • step 35 the driver status is monitored based on data collected by the camera.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Rear-View Mirror Devices That Are Mounted On The Exterior Of The Vehicle (AREA)

Abstract

一种车辆后视镜（1,2,3），其包括摄像机（10），摄像机（10）的图像捕获组件被配置为始终朝向驾驶者的面部以收集用于评估驾驶者驾驶状态的数据。此外，还提供了一种监控驾驶者驾驶状态的系统，其包括车辆后视镜（1,2,3）以及与该后视镜（1,2,3）的摄像机（10）通信连接的处理单元（4）。另外，还提供了一种用于监控驾驶者驾驶状态的方法，其包括：在车辆后视镜（1,2,3）中布置摄像机（10），其中摄像机（10）的图像捕获组件被配置为始终朝向驾驶者的面部；通过摄像机（10）的图像捕获组件收集用于评估驾驶者驾驶状态的数据；以及基于数据监控驾驶者驾驶状态。具有监控驾驶者驾驶状态的系统的车辆后视镜（1,2,3）能够准确可靠地监控驾驶者的驾驶状态，及时避免交通事故的发生。

Description

车辆后视镜以及用于监控驾驶者驾驶状态的方法和系统 技术领域
本发明一般地涉及车辆安全技术领域，并且具体地，涉及一种用于监控驾驶者驾驶状态的方案。
背景技术
随着汽车的普及，车辆安全也成为人们普遍关心的问题。在众多因素中，驾驶员的状态是不可忽视的重要一环。例如，当驾驶者在长时间连续行车后，极其容易产生生理机能和心理机能的失调，而在客观上出现驾驶技能下降的现象。另外，驾驶者由于睡眠质量差或不足，也容易在行车过程中出现疲劳。驾驶者的注意、感觉、知觉、思维、判断、意志、决定和运动这些方面均决定了交通事故能否被避免。
因此，所期望的是设计一种能够准确可靠地监控驾驶者驾驶状态的方案，以及时避免交通事故的发生。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种车辆后视镜，其包括：摄像机，所述摄像机的图像捕获组件被配置为始终朝向驾驶者的面部以收集用于评估驾驶者驾驶状态的数据。
如上所述的车辆后视镜，其还包括：红外线发射装置，所述红外线发射装置被配置为朝驾驶者的面部发射红外光线；并且其中，所述摄像机包括红外线感应装置以感应所述红外光线。
如上所述的车辆后视镜，其还包括红外线扩散装置，所述红外线扩散装置被布置在所述红外线发射装置的正前方。
如上所述的车辆后视镜，其还包括光线感应装置，所述光线感应装置被配置为感测是否存在可视光线不足的情况，并且在可视光线不足的情况下启动所述红外线发射装置。
如上所述的车辆后视镜，其中，所述红外线发射装置为红外线LED。
如上所述的车辆后视镜，其中，所述摄像机设置在该后视镜内部。
如上所述的车辆后视镜，其中，所述摄像机的图像捕获组件贴设在该车辆后视镜的玻璃上。
如上所述的车辆后视镜，其中，在所述车辆后视镜的玻璃上设置有微小孔洞用于所述摄像机的图像捕获组件收集用于评估驾驶者驾驶状态的数据。
如上所述的车辆后视镜，其中，所述车辆后视镜为电致变色后视镜。
另一方面，本发明还提供了一种监控驾驶者驾驶状态的系统，包括如上所述的车辆后视镜，以及与该后视镜的摄像机通信连接的处理单元。
如上所述的监控驾驶者驾驶状态的系统，其中，所述处理单元被实现为单独的处理模块或实现在相关电子系统的控制单元中。
如上所述的监控驾驶者驾驶状态的系统，还包括与处理单元通信连接的输出单元。
还有另一方面，本发明提供了一种用于监控驾驶者驾驶状态的方法，其包括：在车辆后视镜中布置摄像机，其中所述摄像机的图像捕获组件被配置为始终朝向驾驶者的面部；通过所述摄像机的图像捕获组件收集用于评估驾驶者驾驶状态的数据；以及基于所述数据监控驾驶者驾驶状态。
如上所述的方法，其还包括：在所述车辆后视镜中布置红外线发射装置，其中所述红外线发射装置被配置为朝驾驶者的面部发射红外光线；以及在所述摄像机中布置红外线感应装置以感应所述红外光线。
如上所述的方法，其还包括：在所述车辆后视镜中布置光线感应装置，其中所述光线感应装置被配置为感测是否存在可视光线不足的情况；以及在可视光线不足的情况下启动所述红外线发射装置。
附图说明
本发明的前述和其他目标、特征和优点根据下面对本发明的实施例的更具体的说明将是显而易见的，这些实施例在附图中被示意。
图1是根据本发明一个示例的车辆后视镜的结构示意图。
图2是根据本发明另一示例的车辆后视镜的结构示意图。
图3是根据本发明示例的监控驾驶者驾驶状态的系统的结构示意图。
图4是根据本发明一个示例的用于监控驾驶者状态的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
现在参照附图描述本发明的示意性示例，相同的附图标号表示相同的元件。下文描述的各示例有助于本领域技术人员透彻理解本发明，且各示例意在示例而非限制。图中各元件、部件、模块、装置及设备本体的图示仅示意性表明存在这些元件、部件、模块、装置及设备本体同时亦表明它们之间的相对关系，但并不用以限定它们的具体形状；流程图中各步骤的关系也不以所给出的顺序为限，可根据实际应用进行调整但不脱离本申请的保护范围。
图1是根据本发明的示意性的车辆后视镜的结构框图。如图所示，该车辆后视镜1包括摄像机10。后视镜1用于驾驶员观察车辆后方情形。与车辆中当前在用的后视镜类似，后视镜1包括玻璃及容纳和固定该玻璃的壳体。根据本发明，后视镜1还包括摄像机10。摄像机10的图像捕获组件被配置为始终朝向驾驶者的面部以收集用于评估驾驶者驾驶状态的数据。需要说明的是，摄像机10的图像捕获组件朝向驾驶者面部设置并不是说其仅捕获驾驶者的面部图像，应理解到在本发明的示例中，摄像机10能够捕获驾驶者的面部图像，也可捕获驾驶者的一些身体形态，例如驾驶者胳膊抬起、上身倾斜等。
示例地，摄像机10被设置在后视镜1内部。例如，摄像机10设置在后视镜的壳体与玻璃之间，可以固定在壳体上或通过比如粘结等适当的方式固定到玻璃上。这种设置中，可在后视镜1的玻璃上设置微小孔洞以便摄像机10的图像捕获组件可透过其捕获驾驶者的面部图像等，从而获得评估驾驶者状态的数据。在该示例中，摄像机10可以仅是图像捕获组件。
实际应用中，摄像机10可能包括图像捕获组件与用于承载图像捕获组件的摄像机的壳体。在本发明的一些示例中，摄像机10可以仅采用图像捕获组件。
根据本发明的一个替代示例，摄像机10设置在后视镜1内部，且摄像机10的图像捕获组件贴设在该车辆后视镜的玻璃上。根据本发明，至少该后视镜的玻璃中用于贴设该图像捕获组件的部分，其透光性可控使得贴设在该玻璃上的图像捕获组件可以获得捕获到驾驶者的图像。例如，与该后视镜的其余部分比，用来贴设该图像捕获组件的那一处玻璃是部分透光的，从而使得图像捕获组件可以捕获图像又不是那么醒目，从而在捕获图像的同时避免引起驾驶者的不适。该替 代示例中，摄像机10可以仅仅是图像捕获组件。
在将图像捕获组件贴设到镜子的例子中，该图像捕获组件的表面可能需要调整得水平一些，以有助于贴合。
此外，作为示意，本发明各示例中，该后视镜的玻璃为电致变色的玻璃，由此，可通过应用于该玻璃的电场的变化来调整该后视镜镜子的颜色等。
按照本发明的各示例，因后视镜配置了摄像机，因此可直接获取驾驶者的面部图像和一些身体形态的图像，这些图像通常表征了驾驶者的情绪、意识、困倦程度等。根据本发明的示例，由摄像机所捕获的这些图像数据可被传递到处理器单元，由其对数据进行分析从而判断驾驶者的状态。进一步，在某些情况下，处理器单元可依据驾驶者状态执行相应操作。例如，在判断驾驶者较为疲劳的情况下，可通过抬头显示输出提示驾驶者注意安全的信息、或通过语音输出单元来提示驾驶者注意安全、或控制车载音频装置播放舒缓的音乐等。该处理器单元能够与摄像机集成或独立于摄像机。在处理器单元独立于摄像机的情况下，该处理器单元可实现在车辆中已有的电控单元中，例如车载娱乐系统的控制单元的一部分或车载仪表系统的控制单元的一部分等。
在本文中所提及的车辆后视镜可以是本领域技术人员通常所理解的车辆中的配件的概念。在一些示例中，该后视镜为车辆的中央后视镜，以更便利且准确地捕获驾驶者面部的信息。在本发明的各示例中，示例而非限制地，后视镜的玻璃采用的是电致变色玻璃，这种情况下，该类后视镜为电致变色后视镜。
通过在车辆后视镜中内置对准驾驶者的摄像机，能够在不影响驾驶者驾驶的情况下，对驾驶者的状态进行评估或监控，从而有效地减少驾驶事故的发生，保障驾驶安全。
图2是根据本发明另一示例的车辆后视镜2的结构示意图。与图1所示的车辆后视镜1相比，该后视镜2还可包括红外线发射装置12，该红外线发射装置12被配置为朝驾驶者的面部发射红外光线。在一些示例中，该红外线发射装置12为红外线LED。
相应地，摄像机10中设置有红外线感应部件100以感应红外线发射装置12发射的红外光线。举例来说，摄像机10可采用能够感应红外光线的图像捕获组件或包括类似的成像传感装置。设置可进行红外线照射的红外线发射装置12 并且摄像机10中相应设置有红外线感应部件，使得在例如夜晚或隧道中等光线较暗的情况下也能够有效地收集用于评估驾驶者驾驶状态的数据。
如图2所示，后视镜1还包括红外线扩散装置14，作为示例，该红外线扩散装置14被布置在红外线发射装置12的正前方。红外线扩散装置14的设置有助于红外光线均匀地照射在驾驶者的面部，有效地提高了数据收集的准确性。类似于摄像机，红外线发射装置12可以连同红外线扩散装置14一起被布置在后视镜内，例如设置在镜子后方。
可选地，图2所示的后视镜还可包括光线感应装置，该光线感应装置用于感测光线情况，其感测信号可表征环境光线的明暗程度。根据本发明的一些示例中，根据该感测信号来开启或断开红外线发射装置。具体而言，在该感测信号表征的光线较暗的情况下，开启该红外线发射装置，在该感测信号表征的光线较亮的情况下，关闭该红外线发射装置。光线感应装置例如为光照传感器。
需要说明的是，在采用电致变色后视镜的情况下，可以不另外设置光线感应装置。
采用图2所示的车辆后视镜构造能够在白天和夜晚的不同条件下均能有效地收集可供对驾驶者驾驶状态进行评估的数据，从而在各种光线条件下均能有效地避免事故，提高驾驶的安全性。
按照本发明，在后视镜内部设置摄像机10的情况下，则无需改变现有车辆中后视镜的装配方式。
本发明还提供一种系统，用于监控驾驶者的状态。图3是根据本发明示例的监控驾驶者驾驶状态的系统的结构示意图。驾驶状态可以是驾驶者疲劳的状态、驾驶者在驾驶的同时处理其它事物的状态等。用于判断驾驶者状态的数据来自于通过摄像机获得的驾驶者的面部的图像，在某些情况下，还可包括驾驶者的一些身体状态。基于这些所获取的面部图像的图像数据，可以判断驾驶者的情绪、困倦程度等。
如图所示，该监控驾驶者状态的系统包括后视镜3与处理单元4。后视镜3可以是如上所描述的后视镜中的任意一种。该处理单元4接收来自后视镜3的摄像机传送的图像数据，对其进行处理，以确定驾驶者的状态。在一些情况下，处理单元4会依据该状态做出相应的操作而该操作会通过输出单元5输出。输出 单元5可是文字输出部件、语音输出部件等。例如，输出单元5可以是抬头显示；或，该输出单元5可以是蜂鸣器；或，输出单元5可以是既输出语音又输出文字的输出单元。
作为示例，如果摄像机传送的图像数据中，获取时间相近的几张均是驾驶者打哈欠的照片、或驾驶者多次有眨眼表情，则可判断驾驶者较为疲劳，从而通过语音或文字等方式发出提醒驾驶者注意安全的提示。如果摄像机传送的图像数据表明驾驶者频繁地操作例如手机等便携式电子设备，可确定驾驶者不够专心，亦可通过语音等方式提醒驾驶者注意安全驾驶。在某些情况下，该输出单元可以是与例如制动系统等电性连接的单元，其将来自处理单元4的信号传送给制动系统以进行制动等紧急操作，这种情况例如是依据图像数据判断出驾驶者处于极度不适的情况下等。
在图3所示的系统中采用例如图2所示的后视镜时，因设置了红外线发射装置12、红外线扩散装置14，同时摄像机10中相应设置了红外线感应部件，使得该监控系统在光线好的情况下可正常工作，在光线不好的情况下同样可有效地工作。
处理单元4即可是单独设置的控制单元，用于进行如上所描述的操作，也可以实现在与车辆中已有的能够与该监控系统通信连接的电子系统的控制部件中，例如上文提到的仪表系统等。
图4是根据本发明一个示例的用于监控驾驶者状态的方法的流程图。如图4所示，首先在步骤31中，在车辆后视镜中布置摄像机，该摄像机被配置为始终朝向驾驶者的面部。在步骤33中，通过该摄像机来收集用于评估驾驶者状态的数据。如上所述，所收集的数据可以是包含表征驾驶者状态的信息的图像或视频数据。在步骤35中，基于通过摄像机所收集的数据来监控驾驶者状态。
应当说明的是，以上具体实施方式仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其进行限制。尽管参照上述具体实施方式对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或对部分技术特征进行等同替换而不脱离本发明的实质，其均涵盖在本发明请求保护的范围中。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种车辆后视镜，其包括：
    摄像机，所述摄像机的图像捕获组件被配置为始终朝向驾驶者的面部以收集用于评估驾驶者驾驶状态的数据。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的车辆后视镜，其还包括：
    红外线发射装置，所述红外线发射装置被配置为朝驾驶者的面部发射红外光线；并且其中，所述摄像机包括红外线感应装置以感应所述红外光线。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的车辆后视镜，其还包括红外线扩散装置，所述红外线扩散装置被布置在所述红外线发射装置的正前方。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的车辆后视镜，其还包括光线感应装置，所述光线感应装置被配置为感测是否存在可视光线不足的情况，并且在可视光线不足的情况下启动所述红外线发射装置。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的车辆后视镜，其中，所述红外线发射装置为红外线LED。
  6. 如权利要求1-5中任一项所述的车辆后视镜，其中，所述摄像机设置在该后视镜内部。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的车辆后视镜，其中，所述摄像机的图像捕获组件贴设在该车辆后视镜的玻璃上。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的车辆后视镜，其中，在所述车辆后视镜的玻璃上设置有微小孔洞用于所述摄像机的图像捕获组件收集用于评估驾驶者驾驶状态的数据。
  9. 如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的车辆后视镜，其中，所述车辆后视镜为电致变色后视镜。
  10. 一种监控驾驶者驾驶状态的系统，包括如权利要求1到9中任意一项所述的车辆后视镜，以及与该后视镜的摄像机通信连接的处理单元。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的监控驾驶者驾驶状态的系统，其中，所述处理单元被实现为单独的处理模块或实现在相关电子系统的控制单元中。
  12. 如权利要求10或11所述的监控驾驶者驾驶状态的系统，还包括与处理单元通信连接的输出单元。
  13. 一种用于监控驾驶者驾驶状态的方法，其包括：
    在车辆后视镜中布置摄像机，其中所述摄像机的图像捕获组件被配置为始终朝向驾驶者的面部；
    通过所述摄像机的图像捕获组件收集用于评估驾驶者驾驶状态的数据；以及
    基于所述数据监控驾驶者驾驶状态。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的方法，其还包括：
    在所述车辆后视镜中布置红外线发射装置，其中所述红外线发射装置被配置为朝驾驶者的面部发射红外光线；以及
    在所述摄像机中布置红外线感应装置以感应所述红外光线。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的方法，其还包括：
    在所述车辆后视镜中布置光线感应装置，其中所述光线感应装置被配置为感测是否存在可视光线不足的情况；以及
    在可视光线不足的情况下启动所述红外线发射装置。
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