WO2018103376A1 - 滤器 - Google Patents

滤器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018103376A1
WO2018103376A1 PCT/CN2017/099027 CN2017099027W WO2018103376A1 WO 2018103376 A1 WO2018103376 A1 WO 2018103376A1 CN 2017099027 W CN2017099027 W CN 2017099027W WO 2018103376 A1 WO2018103376 A1 WO 2018103376A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cross
section
filter
side edge
ratio
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2017/099027
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈卓
贾小乐
李安宁
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lifetech Scientific Shenzhen Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Lifetech Scientific Shenzhen Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Lifetech Scientific Shenzhen Co Ltd filed Critical Lifetech Scientific Shenzhen Co Ltd
Publication of WO2018103376A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018103376A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/01Filters implantable into blood vessels
    • A61F2/0108Both ends closed, i.e. legs gathered at both ends
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/01Filters implantable into blood vessels
    • A61F2002/016Filters implantable into blood vessels made from wire-like elements
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0063Three-dimensional shapes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cardiovascular implant medical device, and more particularly to a retrievable vena cava filter that can be implanted into a blood vessel by intervention.
  • Vena cava filters have been clinically proven to be a safe and effective means of preventing pulmonary embolism, which can reduce the incidence of pulmonary embolism.
  • the filter support rod will be crawled and wrapped by the endothelial cells to varying degrees, which makes it difficult to remove, and can only be implanted into the human body as a permanent filter for a long time.
  • the permanent implantation of the filter into the human body has certain risks.
  • the filter is in contact with the blood and the vascular endothelium for a long time, protein adsorption may occur, platelet adhesion may occur, and eventually a thrombus may cause clogging of the venous blood vessel or cause recurrence of the pulmonary embolism; There are dangers such as deformation, tilting, displacement, breakage, and even penetration of blood vessels.
  • the filter is made into a structure in which both ends are closed, and an open support rod for abutting against the blood vessel wall is added, which can prolong the recovery time of the temporary filter.
  • an open support rod for abutting against the blood vessel wall is added, which can prolong the recovery time of the temporary filter.
  • the open support rods when such a filter is deployed to a predetermined position through the delivery sheath, there may be a mutual entanglement between the open support rods, which causes the filter to not smoothly spread in the blood vessel, which reduces the usability of the filter and causes the surgery to proceed smoothly.
  • the end of the open support rod has the risk of puncturing the vessel wall, increasing the incidence of postoperative complications.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a vena cava filter which does not puncture a blood vessel wall, is less prone to entanglement, and has higher usability, in view of the defects of the prior art.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem thereof is to provide a filter including a proximal end, a distal end, and a filter body connected between the proximal end and the distal end, the filter body including the net a first filtering unit, a second filtering unit and a plurality of intermediate connecting rods connecting the first filtering unit and the second filtering unit, wherein the intermediate connecting rod is provided with a supporting rod, and the supporting rod comprises a transition portion extending outward from the intermediate connecting rod and a supporting portion bent from the transition portion and extending toward the proximal end, the distal end of the supporting portion being provided with a rounded convex portion having an outer contour, the protruding portion
  • the transition of the outer contour to the portion of the support section is a smooth transition.
  • the cross section of the support section includes two oppositely disposed contour lines
  • the cross section of the protrusion includes a first line connected to two contour lines of the cross section of the support section a side edge and a second side edge, a smooth transition between the first side edge and one of the contour lines, and the second side edge and the other of the contour lines, and the The one side and the second side are at an obtuse angle with the two contour lines.
  • the cross section of the protrusion further includes a third side connected to the first side, and a fourth side connected to the second side and the third side On the side, there is a smooth transition between each of the sides.
  • the cross-sectional mask of the protrusion has a longer diagonal line and a shorter diagonal line, and the intersection of the first side edge and the second side edge extension line falls.
  • the size of the cross section of the protrusion satisfies the following conditions:
  • a ratio of a length of the third side or the fourth side being orthographically projected on the longer diagonal line to a cross-sectional width of the support section is between 0 and 4;
  • the ratio of the length of the longer diagonal to the cross-sectional width of the support section is between 0 and 6;
  • the cross section of the protrusion further includes a semicircular arc connecting the first side and the second side, the first side and the second side
  • the intersection of the edge extension lines falls between the two contour lines of the support section, and the size of the cross section of the protrusions satisfies the following conditions:
  • the ratio of the diameter of the semicircular arc to the cross-sectional width of the support section is not less than 1;
  • a ratio between a length of the intersection of the first side edge and the second side edge extension line and a midpoint of the semicircular arc and a cross section width of the support section is 0 to 5 between.
  • the cross section of the protrusion further includes a straight line segment respectively connected to the first side edge and the second side edge, and a circular arc segment connecting the two straight line segments,
  • the size of the cross section of the projection satisfies the following conditions:
  • the ratio between the diameter of the arc segment and the cross-sectional width of the support segment is greater than 1;
  • a ratio between a line length between the intersection of the first side edge and the second side edge extension line and a midpoint of the arc segment and a cross-sectional width of the support section is 0 to 5 between;
  • the ratio between the minimum vertical distance between the two straight line segments and the cross-sectional width of the support segment is not less than one.
  • the first side edge and the second side edge are circular arc lines, and one end of the first side edge and the second side edge are connected by an arc, then the The size of the cross section of the projection satisfies the following conditions:
  • the cross section of the protrusion further includes a third side connected to the first side, a fifth side connected to the third side, and the A fourth side edge connected to the second side edge and a sixth side edge connected to the fourth side edge and the fifth side edge each have a smooth transition between the side edges.
  • the cross section of the protrusion has a point of intersection between the intersection of the first side edge and the second side edge and the intersection of the fifth side edge and the sixth side edge.
  • the cross-sectional dimensions of the projections satisfy the following conditions:
  • a ratio between an orthographic projection length of the fifth side or the sixth side falling on the longer diagonal line and a cross-sectional width of the support section is between 0 and 6;
  • a ratio of a projection length of the third side or the fourth side falling on the longer diagonal line to a cross-sectional width of the support section is between 0 and 6;
  • a ratio of the length of the longer diagonal to the cross-sectional width of the support section is greater than 1;
  • the ratio between the maximum distance between the fifth side and the sixth side and the cross-sectional width of the support section is greater than one.
  • the end of the protrusion is further provided with a spherical structure having a smooth outer contour.
  • the support bars on two adjacent intermediate connecting rods are staggered.
  • At least one of the first filter unit and the second filter unit is formed by a Y-shaped filter rod collected at the proximal or distal end.
  • the number of the first filter unit Y-shaped filter rods is half of the number of the Y-shaped filter rods of the second filter unit.
  • the support rod end of the filter of the invention is provided with a rounded convex portion of the outer contour, and the outer contour of the convex portion transitions to the portion of the support portion for a smooth transition, and the structural design solves the problem that the filter rod is opened when the filter is contracted or unfolded.
  • the problem of intertwining improves the usability of the filter and ensures the smooth operation of the operation.
  • the smooth outline of the outer contour greatly reduces the possibility of the support rod piercing the blood vessel.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a preferred embodiment of the filter of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a support rod in the filter of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a support rod distal projection in the filter of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of a support rod distal projection in the filter of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of a support rod distal projection in the filter of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of a support rod distal projection in the filter of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of the support rod distal projection in the filter of the present invention.
  • a filter 10 includes a distal end 1, a proximal end 2, and a filter body coupled between the distal end 1 and the proximal end 2.
  • the filter body comprises a first filter unit 3, a second filter unit 4 and a plurality of intermediate connecting rods 5 connecting the first filter unit 3 and the second filter unit 4.
  • a plurality of intermediate connecting rods 5 are evenly spaced around the line connecting the distal end 1 and the proximal end 2.
  • the first filter unit 3 is formed by a plurality of Y-shaped filter rods 31 assembled at the distal end 1 such that the first filter unit 3 has a tapered mesh structure
  • the second filter unit 4 is also assembled by a plurality of Y-shaped filter rods 41.
  • the proximal end 2 is formed such that the second filter unit 4 has a tapered mesh structure, and the number of the Y-shaped filter rods 31 of the first filter unit 3 is half the number of the Y-shaped filter rods 41 of the second filter unit 4,
  • the filter 10 has an asymmetrical structure as a whole. This asymmetric structure is selective for pre-filtered thrombi, ie, only the thrombus that causes pulmonary embolism is filtered, thereby ensuring long-term patency of the vena cava.
  • the filter distal end 1 is also provided with a recovery hook (not labeled) for recycling when used as a temporary filter.
  • Supporting rods 6 and 7 for abutting against the vessel wall are also provided on the intermediate connecting rod 5.
  • the functions of the support rods 6 and 7 are both in contact with the blood vessel wall after the filter is implanted into the blood vessel, so that the intermediate connecting rod 5 is away from the blood vessel wall, thereby preventing the problem that the recovery time window caused by the endovascular membrane climbing on the filter surface is short.
  • the support rod 6 and the support rod 7 have the same structure. Taking the support rod 7 as an example, the support rod 7 includes a transition portion 71 extending from the intermediate connecting rod 5 toward the blood vessel wall and a support portion 72 extending from the transition portion 71. The support portion 72 Used to abut the blood vessel wall.
  • the support rod 6 is provided with a fixing anchor 61 for piercing the blood vessel wall, and the support rod 7 is not provided with a fixed anchor, and the anchor anchor 61 can make the filter more stable in the blood vessel.
  • only one support rod 6 or 7 is provided on one intermediate connecting rod 5, and the support rods on the adjacent intermediate connecting rods 5 are staggered so that the support rod can provide the filter in the blood vessel.
  • a more uniform and stable support force prevents the filter from being weakened by the tilting and displacement of the blood vessel, and the risk of pulmonary embolism is increased after the operation; at the same time, the filter rod is greatly reduced to pierce the blood vessel wall. The incidence.
  • two or more support rods may be disposed on the intermediate connecting rod, and the support rods may be fixed at any position of the intermediate connecting rod, provided that the transition section and the supporting section of the supporting rod are The opening orientation formed should be opposite to the direction in which the filter is removed.
  • the distal end 73 of the support section 72 is also provided with a rounded projection of the outer contour, and the portion of the outer contour of the projection that transitions to the support section 72 is also a smooth transition.
  • a smooth transition in the present invention refers to a transition through a circular arc or a chamfer.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion can be various. The cross-sectional shape of the protrusion will be further explained by several embodiments:
  • the projection 20 has a quadrangular cross section, and the support section 72 has two contour lines 72a and 72b in cross section.
  • the cross section of the projection 20 includes a first side 20a at an obtuse angle to the contour 72a, a second side 20b at an obtuse angle to the contour 72b, and a third side connected to the first side 20a. 20c and a fourth side 20d that is simultaneously connected to the third side 20c and the second side 20b.
  • the first side 20a and the second side 20b are respectively connected to the contour lines 72a and 72b and have a smooth transition between the two.
  • first side edge 20a and the third side edge 20c, the third side edge 20c and the fourth side edge 20d, and the fourth side edge 20d and the second side edge 20b are smoothly transitioned so that the protrusion
  • the outer contour of 20 presents a smooth shape.
  • the projections 20 may be processed into a smooth surface by mechanical methods such as mechanical blasting, polishing, or chemical or argon arc welding.
  • intersection of the extension line of the first side 20a and the second side 20b falls between the contour lines 72a and 72b, and connects the intersection of the extension line of the third side 20c and the fourth side 20d with the first side 20a and the
  • the intersection of the two side edges 20b extension lines results in a longer diagonal A of the cross section of the projection 20, connecting the intersection of the first side 20a with the extension of the third side 20c, and the second side 20b and the fourth
  • the intersection of the side 20d extensions results in a shorter diagonal A' of the cross section of the projection 20.
  • the orthographic projection length of the third side 20c or the fourth side 20d on the longer diagonal A is L1
  • the width of the cross section of the support section 72 is L5
  • the length of the longer diagonal A is L2
  • the length is shorter.
  • the length of the diagonal line A' is L3; in order for the projection portion 20 to function to prevent the winding problem between the support rods when the filter is contracted or unfolded, the cross-sectional dimension of the projection portion 20 should satisfy the following conditions:
  • the projection 30 has a teardrop shape in cross section, and the support section 72 has two contour lines 72a and 72b in cross section.
  • the cross section of the projection 30 includes a first side 30a at an obtuse angle to the contour 72a, a second side 30b at an obtuse angle to the contour 72b, and simultaneously with the first side 30a and the second side 30b is connected to the semi-arc 30c.
  • the first side 30a and the second side 30b are respectively connected to the contour lines 72a and 72b and have a smooth transition between the two.
  • the projections 30 can be processed into a smooth surface by mechanical methods such as mechanical blasting, polishing, or chemical or argon arc welding.
  • the intersection of the extension line of the first side 30a and the second side 30b falls between the contour lines 72a and 72b, and connects the intersection of the extension line of the first side 30a and the second side 30b with the midpoint of the semicircular arc 30c.
  • a pair of angle lines B of the cross section of the projection 30 are obtained.
  • the radius of the semicircular arc 30c is L1
  • the length of the diagonal B is L2
  • the diameter of the semicircular arc 30c is L3
  • the cross section width of the support section 72 is L5
  • the projection 30 is required to prevent the filter from contracting.
  • the cross-sectional dimension of the projections 30 should satisfy the following conditions:
  • the projection 40 has a teardrop shape in cross section, and the support section 72 has two contour lines 72a and 72b in cross section.
  • the cross section of the projection 40 includes a first side 40a at an obtuse angle to the contour 72a, a second side 40b at an obtuse angle to the contour 72b, and a straight segment 40c connected to the first side 40a.
  • a straight line segment 40e connected to the second side edge 40b and a circular arc segment 40d connecting the two straight line segments 40c and 40e.
  • first side 40a and the second side 40b are respectively connected to the contour lines 72a and 72b and have a smooth transition between the two, and the two straight sections 40c and 40e are tangent to the circular arc section 40d.
  • the projections 40 can be processed into a smooth surface by mechanical methods such as mechanical blasting, polishing, or chemical or argon arc welding.
  • intersection of the extension line of the first side 40a and the second side 40b falls between the contour lines 72a and 72b, and connects the intersection of the extension line of the first side 40a and the second side 40b with the midpoint of the arc segment 40d.
  • a pair of angle lines C of the cross section of the projection 40 are obtained.
  • the radius of the arc segment 40d be L1
  • the diameter of the arc segment 40d be L4
  • the length of the diagonal C be L3
  • the length of the straight segment 40c or 40d on the diagonal C be L2
  • the length of the support segment 72 The cross-sectional width L5 and the shortest vertical distance of the straight segments 40c and 40d are L6; the cross-section of the projection 40 is to be made to prevent the projection 40 from acting as a problem of preventing the winding between the rods during shrinkage or unfolding of the filter.
  • the dimensions should meet the following conditions:
  • the projection 50 has a hexagonal cross section
  • the support section 72 has two contour lines 72a and 72b in cross section.
  • the cross section of the projection 50 includes a first side 50a at an obtuse angle to the contour 72a, a second side 50b at an obtuse angle to the contour 72b, and a third side connected to the first side 50a. 50c, a fourth side 50d connected to the third side 50c, a fifth side 50e connected to the fourth side 50d, and a sixth side 50f connected to the fifth side 50e and the second side 50b .
  • the first side 50a and the second side 50b are respectively connected to the contour lines 72a and 72b and have a smooth transition between the two sides, and each side has a smooth transition.
  • the projections 50 can be processed into a smooth surface by mechanical methods such as mechanical blasting, polishing, or chemical or argon arc welding.
  • intersection of the extension line of the first side 50a and the second side 50b falls between the contour lines 72a and 72b, and connects the intersection of the extension line of the first side 50a and the second side 50b with the fourth side 50d and the The intersection of the five side 50e extension lines results in a pair of diagonal lines D.
  • the length of the forward projection of the fourth side 50d and the fifth side 50e on the diagonal D L1, the third side 50c or the sixth side 50f on the diagonal D be L2
  • the length of the corner D is L3
  • the maximum vertical distance of the fourth side 50d and the fifth side 50e is L4
  • the projection 60 has an elliptical cross section, and the support section 72 has two contour lines 72a and 72b in cross section.
  • the cross-section of the projection 60 is a first side 60a that includes an obtuse angle with the contour 72a and a second side 60b that is at an obtuse angle to the contour 72b, and in this embodiment the first side 60a And the second side 60b is a circular arc line.
  • one ends of the first side 60a and the second side 60b are respectively connected to the contour lines 72a and 72b, and the other ends intersect and transit through a large arc.
  • the projections 60 can be processed into a smooth surface by mechanical methods such as mechanical blasting, polishing, or chemical or argon arc welding.
  • the length of the long axis E be L1
  • the length of the short axis F be L2
  • the cross-sectional width of the support section 72 be L5; the protrusion 60 should be used to prevent the problem of entanglement between the support bars when the filter is contracted or unfolded.
  • the cross-sectional dimension of the projection 60 should satisfy the following conditions:
  • the rounded spherical structure of the outer contour at the end of the projection can be obtained by treating the end of the projection by argon arc welding. It will be understood that any structure that does not pierce the vessel wall may be provided at the end of the projection, except that the ball-like structure having a smooth outer contour is obtained at the end of the projection.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

一种滤器(10),包括近端(2)、远端(1)以及连接于近端(2)和远端(1)之间的滤器主体,滤器主体包括均为网状结构的第一过滤单元(3)、第二过滤单元(4)以及多个连接第一过滤单元(3)和第二过滤单元(4)的中间连接杆(5);中间连接杆(5)上设有支撑杆(6,7);支撑杆(6,7)包括自中间连接杆(5)向外延伸的过渡段(71)以及自过渡段(71)弯折并朝近端(2)延伸的支撑段(72);支撑段(72)的末梢设有外轮廓圆滑的凸出部(20, 30, 40, 50, 60),凸出部(20, 30, 40, 50, 60)的外轮廓过渡到支撑段(72)的部分为平滑过渡。该滤器(10)解决了滤器(10)在收缩或展开时开放支撑杆(6,7)之间的相互缠绕的问题,提升了滤器(10)的可用性,确保手术的顺利进行,且外轮廓光滑的凸出部(20, 30, 40, 50, 60)大大降低了支撑杆(6,7)刺破血管的可能性。

Description

滤器
【技术领域】
本发明涉及心血管植入医疗器械,尤其涉及一种可通过介入方式植于血管内的可回收腔静脉滤器。
【背景技术】
腔静脉滤器(以下简称滤器)在临床上被证实为预防肺栓塞安全有效的手段,可降低肺栓塞的发生率。但是滤器植入下腔静脉一定时间后,由于对血管的刺激,滤器支撑杆会不同程度地被内皮细胞爬覆、包裹,造成难于取出,只能作为永久滤器长期植入人体。而滤器永久植入人体具有一定风险,例如:滤器长期与血液和血管内皮接触,可能发生蛋白质吸附、血小板粘附,最终形成血栓导致静脉血管堵塞,或导致肺栓塞再发生;长期植入体内,有发生滤器变形、倾斜、移位、断裂,甚至穿透血管的危险等。
将滤器制作成两端封闭的结构,并且增加用于与血管壁抵接的开放性支撑杆,可延长临时滤器的回收时间。但是,此种滤器在经输送鞘输送至预定位置展开时,开放性支撑杆之间可能会存在相互缠绕,导致滤器在血管内不能顺利展开,降低了滤器的可用性,导致手术无法顺利进行。且开放性支撑杆的末端存在刺破血管壁的风险,增加了术后并发症的发生几率。
【发明内容】
本发明要解决的技术问题在于,针对现有技术的缺陷,提供一种不会刺破血管壁、不易发生缠绕、可用性更高的腔静脉滤器。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:提供一种滤器,包括近端、远端以及连接于所述近端和所述远端之间的滤器主体,所述滤器主体包括均为网状结构的第一过滤单元、第二过滤单元以及多个连接所述第一过滤单元和所述第二过滤单元的中间连接杆,所述中间连接杆上设有支撑杆,所述支撑杆包括自所述中间连接杆向外延伸的过渡段以及自所述过渡段弯折并朝近端延伸的支撑段,所述支撑段的末梢设有外轮廓圆滑的凸出部,所述凸出部的外轮廓过渡到所述支撑段的部分为平滑过渡。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述支撑段的横截面包括两条相对设置的轮廓线,所述凸出部的横截面包括与所述支撑段横截面的两条轮廓线分别相连的第一侧边和第二侧边,所述第一侧边与其中一条所述轮廓线之间、以及所述第二侧边与另一条所述轮廓线之间均为平滑过渡,且所述第一侧边和所述第二侧边与两条所述轮廓线均呈钝角夹角。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述凸出部的横截面还包括与所述第一侧边相连的第三侧边、以及与所述第二侧边和第三侧边相连的第四侧边,各所述侧边之间均为平滑过渡。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述凸出部的横截面具有一较长对角线和一较短对角线,所述第一侧边与所述第二侧边延长线的交点落在所述较长对角线上,所述凸出部横截面的尺寸满足以下条件:
1)所述第三侧边或所述第四侧边在所述较长对角线上正投影的长度与所述支撑段横截面宽度的比值在0到4之间;
2) 所述较长对角线的长度与所述支撑段横截面宽度的比值在0到6之间;
3)所述较短对角线的长度与所述支承段横截面宽度的比值大于1。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述凸出部的横截面还包括连接所述第一侧边和所述第二侧边的半圆弧,所述第一侧边与所述第二侧边延长线的交点落在所述支撑段的两条轮廓线之间,所述凸出部横截面的尺寸满足以下条件:
1)所述半圆弧的半径与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值大于0;
2)所述半圆弧的直径与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值不小于1;
3)所述第一侧边与所述第二侧边延长线的交点与所述半圆弧中点之间的连线长度与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值在0到5之间。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述凸出部的横截面还包括分别与所述第一侧边和所述第二侧边相连的直线段以及连接两所述直线段的圆弧段,所述凸出部的横截面的尺寸满足以下条件:
1)所述圆弧段的半径与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值大于0;
2)所述圆弧段的直径与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值大于1;
3)所述第一侧边与所述第二侧边延长线的交点与所述圆弧段中点之间的连线长度与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值在0到5之间;
4)所述直线段在条件3)所述的连线长度上的正投影长度与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值大于0;
5)两所述直线段之间的最小垂直距离与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值不小于1。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述第一侧边与所述第二侧边为圆弧线且所述第一侧边与所述第二侧边的一端经过圆弧相连,则所述凸出部的横截面的尺寸满足以下条件:
1)所述第一侧边与所述第二侧边之间的最大距离与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值大于1;
2)所述第一侧边与所述第二侧边交点与其另一端延长线的交点之间的连线长度与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值大于1。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述凸出部的横截面还包括与所述第一侧边相连的第三侧边、与所述第三侧边相连的第五侧边、与所述第二侧边相连的第四侧边以及与所述第四侧边和所述第五侧边相连的第六侧边,各所述侧边之间均为平滑过渡。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述凸出部的截面具有连接所述第一侧边和所述第二侧边延长线交点与所述第五侧边和所述第六侧边交点的较长对角线,则所述凸出部的横截面尺寸满足以下条件:
1)所述第五侧边或所述第六侧边落在所述较长对角线上的正投影长度与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值在0到6之间;
2)所述第三侧边或所述第四侧边落在所述较长对角线上的投影长度与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值在0到6之间;
3)所述较长对角线的长度与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值大于1;
4)所述第五侧边与所述第六侧边之间的最大距离与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值大于1。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述凸出部的末端还设有外轮廓圆滑的球状结构。
在本发明的一实施例中,相邻两所述中间连接杆上的所述支撑杆交错分布。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述第一过滤单元和所述第二过滤单元中至少有一个由汇集在所述近端或远端的Y形滤网杆形成。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述第一过滤单元Y形滤网杆的数量为所述第二过滤单元Y形滤网杆数量的一半。
本发明滤器的支撑杆末梢设有外轮廓圆滑的凸出部,且凸出部的外轮廓过渡到支撑段的部分为平滑过渡,这种结构设计解决了滤器在收缩或展开时开放支撑杆之间的相互缠绕的问题,提升了滤器的可用性,确保手术的顺利进行。且外轮廓光滑的凸出部大大降低了支撑杆刺破血管的可能性。
【附图说明】
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明,附图中:
图1是本发明一种滤器优选实施例的结构示意图;
图2是本发明的滤器中支撑杆的结构示意图;
图3是本发明的滤器中的支撑杆末梢凸出部第一实施例的横截面示意图;
图4是本发明的滤器中的支撑杆末梢凸出部第二实施例的横截面示意图;
图5是本发明的滤器中的支撑杆末梢凸出部第三实施例的横截面示意图;
图6是本发明的滤器中的支撑杆末梢凸出部第四实施例的横截面示意图;
图7是本发明的滤器中的支撑杆末梢凸出部第五实施例的横截面示意图。
【具体实施方式】
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解,现对照附图详细说明本发明的具体实施方式。
如图1和图2所示,一种滤器10包括远端1、近端2以及连接于远端1和近端2之间的滤器主体。滤器主体包括第一过滤单元3、第二过滤单元4和多个连接第一过滤单元3和第二过滤单元4的中间连接杆5。多个中间连接杆5环绕远端1和近端2的连线均匀间隔分布。第一过滤单元3由多个Y形滤网杆31汇集在远端1形成使得第一过滤单元3呈锥形网状结构,第二过滤单元4亦由多个Y形滤网杆41汇集在近端2形成使得第二过滤单元4呈锥形网状结构,且第一过滤单元3的Y形滤网杆31的数量是第二过滤单元4的Y形滤网杆41数量的一半,使滤器10在整体上呈非对称结构。此种非对称的结构对预过滤的血栓具有选择性,即只过滤会造成肺栓塞的血栓,从而保证腔静脉的长期通畅性。同时滤器远端1还设置有回收钩(未标示),用于作为临时滤器使用时回收用。
中间连接杆5上还设有用于与血管壁抵接的支撑杆6和7。支撑杆6和7的作用均是滤器植入血管后与血管壁接触,使中间连接杆5远离血管壁,从而防止血管内膜在滤器表面爬覆造成的回收时间窗短的问题。支撑杆6和支撑杆7的结构相同,以支撑杆7为例,支撑杆7包括自中间连接杆5向血管壁方向延伸的过渡段71以及自过渡段71延伸的支撑段72,支撑段72用于与血管壁抵接。只不过支撑杆6上还设有用于刺入血管壁内的固定锚61,而支撑杆7未设有固定锚,固定锚61可以使滤器在血管内更稳固。且在该优选实施例中,一个中间连接杆5上只设有一个支撑杆6或7,且相邻的中间连接杆5上的支撑杆交错布置,从而使得支撑杆在血管中可以为滤器提供更加均匀、稳定的支撑力,防止滤器因在血管中倾斜、移位而造成血栓过滤效果减弱,术后病人肺栓塞的风险提高;与此同时,极大程度地降低了滤器杆刺破血管壁的发生率。在其它可能的实施例中,中间连接杆上也可以设置两个或两个以上的支撑杆,这些支撑杆可以被固定在中间连接杆的任意位置,前提是由支撑杆的过渡段和支撑段形成的开口朝向应当与滤器被取出的方向相反。
支撑段72的末梢73还设有外轮廓圆滑的凸出部,且该凸出部的外轮廓过渡到支撑段72的部分同为平滑过渡。本发明中的平滑过渡指的是通过圆弧或倒角过渡。且凸出部的横截面形状可以有多种,以下将通过几个实施例来对凸出部的横截面形状做进一步说明:
第一实施例:
如图3所示,在该实施例中,凸出部20的横截面呈四边形,支撑段72的横截面具有两条轮廓线72a和72b。凸出部20的横截面包括与轮廓线72a呈钝角夹角的第一侧边20a、与轮廓线72b呈钝角夹角的第二侧边20b、与第一侧边20a相连的第三侧边20c以及同时与第三侧边20c和第二侧边20b相连的第四侧边20d。其中,第一侧边20a和第二侧边20b分别与轮廓线72a和72b相连且两两之间均为平滑过渡。且第一侧边20a和第三侧边20c之间、第三侧边20c和第四侧边20d、以及第四侧边20d与第二侧边20b之间均为平滑过渡,使得凸出部20的外轮廓呈现圆滑的形态。具体地,凸出部20可以通过机械喷砂、抛光等机械方法、化学方法或氩弧焊处理成平滑的表面。
第一侧边20a与第二侧边20b延长线的交点落在轮廓线72a与72b之间,连接第三侧边20c与第四侧边20d延长线的交点、与第一侧边20a与第二侧边20b延长线的交点得到凸出部20横截面的一较长对角线A,连接第一侧边20a与第三侧边20c延长线的交点、与第二侧边20b和第四侧边20d延长线的交点得到凸出部20横截面的一较短对角线A’。设第三侧边20c或第四侧边20d在较长对角线A上的正投影长度为L1、支撑段72横截面的宽度为L5、较长对角线A的长度为L2以及较短对角线A’的长度为L3;要使凸出部20起到防止滤器在收缩或展开时支撑杆间的缠绕问题的作用,则凸出部20的横截面尺寸应该满足以下条件:
1) 0<L1/L5<4;
2) 0<L2/L5<6;
3) L3/L5>1。
第二实施例:
如图4所示,在该实施例中,凸出部30的横截面呈水滴形,支撑段72的横截面具有两条轮廓线72a和72b。凸出部30的横截面包括与轮廓线72a呈钝角夹角的第一侧边30a、与轮廓线72b呈钝角夹角的第二侧边30b以及同时与第一侧边30a和第二侧边30b相连的半圆弧30c。其中,第一侧边30a和第二侧边30b分别与轮廓线72a和72b相连且两两之间均为平滑过渡。同样的,凸出部30可以通过机械喷砂、抛光等机械方法、化学方法或氩弧焊处理成平滑的表面。
第一侧边30a与第二侧边30b延长线的交点落在轮廓线72a与72b之间,连接第一侧边30a与第二侧边30b延长线的交点、与半圆弧30c的中点得到凸出部30横截面的一对角线B。设半圆弧30c的半径为L1、对角线B的长度为L2、半圆弧30c的直径为L3以及支撑段72的横截面宽度为L5;要使凸出部30起到防止滤器在收缩或展开时支撑杆间的缠绕问题的作用,则凸出部30的横截面尺寸应该满足以下条件:
1) L1/L5>0;
2) 0<L2/L5<5;
3) L3/L5≥1。
第三实施例:
如图5所示,在该实施例中,凸出部40的横截面呈水滴形,支撑段72的横截面具有两条轮廓线72a和72b。凸出部40的横截面包括与轮廓线72a呈钝角夹角的第一侧边40a、与轮廓线72b呈钝角夹角的第二侧边40b、与第一侧边40a相连的直线段40c、与第二侧边40b相连的直线段40e以及连接两直线段40c和40e的圆弧段40d。其中,第一侧边40a和第二侧边40b分别与轮廓线72a和72b相连且两两之间均为平滑过渡,两直线段40c和40e与圆弧段40d相切。同样的,凸出部40可以通过机械喷砂、抛光等机械方法、化学方法或氩弧焊处理成平滑的表面。
第一侧边40a与第二侧边40b延长线的交点落在轮廓线72a与72b之间,连接第一侧边40a与第二侧边40b延长线的交点、与圆弧段40d的中点得到凸出部40横截面的一对角线C。设圆弧段40d的半径为L1、圆弧段40d的直径为L4、对角线C的长度为L3、直线段40c或40d在对角线C上的正投影长度为L2、支撑段72的横截面宽度为L5以及直线段40c和40d的最短垂直距离为L6;要使凸出部40起到防止滤器在收缩或展开时支撑杆间的缠绕问题的作用,则凸出部40的横截面尺寸应该满足以下条件:
1) L1/L5>0;
2) L2/L5>0;
3) 0<L3/L5<5;
4) L4/L5>1;
5) L6/L5≥1。
第四实施例:
如图6所示,在该实施例中,凸出部50的横截面呈六边形,支撑段72的横截面具有两条轮廓线72a和72b。凸出部50的横截面包括与轮廓线72a呈钝角夹角的第一侧边50a、与轮廓线72b呈钝角夹角的第二侧边50b、与第一侧边50a相连的第三侧边50c、与第三侧边50c相连的第四侧边50d、与第四侧边50d相连的第五侧边50e、以及与第五侧边50e和第二侧边50b相连的第六侧边50f。其中,第一侧边50a和第二侧边50b分别与轮廓线72a和72b相连且两两之间均为平滑过渡,各侧边之间均为平滑过渡。同样的,凸出部50可以通过机械喷砂、抛光等机械方法、化学方法或氩弧焊处理成平滑的表面。
第一侧边50a与第二侧边50b延长线的交点落在轮廓线72a与72b之间,连接第一侧边50a与第二侧边50b延长线的交点、与第四侧边50d和第五侧边50e延长线的交点得到一对角线D。设第四侧边50d和第五侧边50e在对角线D上正投影的长度为L1、第三侧边50c或第六侧边50f在对角线D上正投影的长度为L2、对角线D的长度为L3、第四侧边50d和第五侧边50e的最大垂直距离为L4、以及支撑段72的横截面宽度为L5;要使凸出部50起到防止滤器在收缩或展开时支撑杆间的缠绕问题的作用,则凸出部50的横截面尺寸应该满足以下条件:
1) 0<L1/L5<6;
2)0<L2/L5<6;
3) L3/L5>1;
4) L4/L5>1。
第五实施例:
如图7所示,在该实施例中,凸出部60的横截面呈椭圆形,支撑段72的横截面具有两条轮廓线72a和72b。凸出部60的横截面呈包括与轮廓线72a呈钝角夹角的第一侧边60a以及与轮廓线72b呈钝角夹角的第二侧边60b,且在该实施例中第一侧边60a和第二侧边60b均为圆弧线。其中,第一侧边60a和第二侧边60b的一端分别与轮廓线72a和72b相连,且另一端相交并通过大圆弧过渡。同样的,凸出部60可以通过机械喷砂、抛光等机械方法、化学方法或氩弧焊处理成平滑的表面。
第一侧边60a与第二侧边60b延长线的交点落在轮廓线72a与72b之间,椭圆形的截面具有长轴E和与长轴E垂直的短轴F。设长轴E的长度为L1、短轴F的长度为L2以及支撑段72的横截面宽度为L5;要使凸出部60起到防止滤器在收缩或展开时支撑杆间的缠绕问题的作用,则凸出部60的横截面尺寸应该满足以下条件:
1)L1/L5>1;
2)L2/L5>1。
在上述各实施例中,还可以在凸出部的末端增加外轮廓圆滑的球状结构,进一步防止支撑杆刺破血管壁。该外轮廓圆滑的球状结构可以通过氩弧焊处理凸出部的末端得到。可以理解的,除了在凸出部的末端处理得到外轮廓圆滑的球状结构之外,任何一种不会刺破血管壁的结构都可以设置在凸出部的末端。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种滤器,包括近端、远端以及连接于所述近端和所述远端之间的滤器主体,所述滤器主体包括均为网状结构的第一过滤单元、第二过滤单元,以及多个连接所述第一过滤单元和所述第二过滤单元的中间连接杆,所述中间连接杆上设有支撑杆,所述支撑杆包括自所述中间连接杆向外延伸的过渡段以及自所述过渡段弯折并朝近端延伸的支撑段,其特征在于,所述支撑段的末梢设有外轮廓圆滑的凸出部,所述凸出部的外轮廓过渡到所述支撑段的部分为平滑过渡。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的滤器,其特征在于,所述支撑段的横截面包括两条相对设置的轮廓线,所述凸出部的横截面包括与所述支撑段横截面的两条轮廓线分别相连的第一侧边和第二侧边,所述第一侧边与其中一条所述轮廓线之间、以及所述第二侧边与另一条所述轮廓线之间均为平滑过渡,且所述第一侧边和所述第二侧边与两条所述轮廓线均呈钝角夹角。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的滤器,其特征在于,所述凸出部的横截面还包括与所述第一侧边相连的第三侧边、以及与所述第二侧边和第三侧边相连的第四侧边,各所述侧边之间均为平滑过渡。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的滤器,其特征在于,所述凸出部的横截面具有一较长对角线和一较短对角线,所述第一侧边与所述第二侧边延长线的交点落在所述较长对角线上,所述凸出部横截面的尺寸满足以下条件:
    1)所述第三侧边或所述第四侧边在所述较长对角线上正投影的长度与所述支撑段横截面宽度的比值在0到4之间;
    2) 所述较长对角线的长度与所述支撑段横截面宽度的比值在0到6之间;
    3)所述较短对角线的长度与所述支承段横截面宽度的比值大于1。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的滤器,其特征在于,所述凸出部的横截面还包括连接所述第一侧边和所述第二侧边的半圆弧,所述第一侧边与所述第二侧边延长线的交点落在所述支撑段的两条轮廓线之间,所述凸出部横截面的尺寸满足以下条件:
    1)所述半圆弧的半径与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值大于0;
    2)所述半圆弧的直径与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值不小于1;
    3)所述第一侧边与所述第二侧边延长线的交点与所述半圆弧中点之间的连线长度与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值在0到5之间。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的滤器,其特征在于,所述凸出部的横截面还包括分别与所述第一侧边和所述第二侧边相连的直线段以及连接两所述直线段的圆弧段,所述凸出部的横截面的尺寸满足以下条件:
    1)所述圆弧段的半径与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值大于0;
    2)所述圆弧段的直径与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值大于1;
    3)所述第一侧边与所述第二侧边延长线的交点与所述圆弧段中点之间的连线长度与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值在0到5之间;
    4)所述直线段在条件3)所述的连线长度上的正投影长度与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值大于0;
    5)两所述直线段之间的最小垂直距离与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值不小于1。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的滤器,其特征在于,所述第一侧边与所述第二侧边为圆弧线且所述第一侧边与所述第二侧边的一端经过圆弧相连,则所述凸出部的横截面的尺寸满足以下条件:
    1)所述第一侧边与所述第二侧边之间的最大距离与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值大于1;
    2)所述第一侧边与所述第二侧边交点与其另一端延长线的交点之间的连线长度与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值大于1。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的滤器,其特征在于,所述凸出部的横截面还包括与所述第一侧边相连的第三侧边、与所述第三侧边相连的第五侧边、与所述第二侧边相连的第四侧边以及与所述第四侧边和所述第五侧边相连的第六侧边,各所述侧边之间均为平滑过渡。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的滤器,其特征在于,所述凸出部的截面具有连接所述第一侧边和所述第二侧边延长线交点与所述第五侧边和所述第六侧边交点的较长对角线,则所述凸出部的横截面尺寸满足以下条件:
    1)所述第五侧边或所述第六侧边落在所述较长对角线上的正投影长度与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值在0到6之间;
    2)所述第三侧边或所述第四侧边落在所述较长对角线上的投影长度与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值在0到6之间;
    3)所述较长对角线的长度与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值大于1;
    4)所述第五侧边与所述第六侧边之间的最大距离与所述支承段横截面宽度之间的比值大于1。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的滤器,其特征在于,所述凸出部的末端还设有外轮廓圆滑的球状结构。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的滤器,其特征在于,相邻两所述中间连接杆上的所述支撑杆交错分布。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的滤器,其特征在于,所述第一过滤单元和所述第二过滤单元中至少有一个由汇集在所述近端或远端的Y形滤网杆形成。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的滤器,其特征在于,所述第一过滤单元Y形滤网杆的数量为所述第二过滤单元Y形滤网杆数量的一半。
PCT/CN2017/099027 2016-12-06 2017-08-25 滤器 Ceased WO2018103376A1 (zh)

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