WO2018099469A1 - 多层停车方法及装置 - Google Patents

多层停车方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018099469A1
WO2018099469A1 PCT/CN2017/114238 CN2017114238W WO2018099469A1 WO 2018099469 A1 WO2018099469 A1 WO 2018099469A1 CN 2017114238 W CN2017114238 W CN 2017114238W WO 2018099469 A1 WO2018099469 A1 WO 2018099469A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
parking
vehicle
lifting
frame
plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/114238
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
詹刚
Original Assignee
深圳市鼎泰智能机械停车系统有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市鼎泰智能机械停车系统有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市鼎泰智能机械停车系统有限公司
Publication of WO2018099469A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018099469A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H6/00—Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
    • E04H6/08—Garages for many vehicles
    • E04H6/12—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles
    • E04H6/18—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H6/00—Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
    • E04H6/08—Garages for many vehicles
    • E04H6/12—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles
    • E04H6/18—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions
    • E04H6/22—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions characterised by use of movable platforms for horizontal transport, i.e. cars being permanently parked on palettes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H6/00—Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
    • E04H6/42—Devices or arrangements peculiar to garages, not covered elsewhere, e.g. securing devices, safety devices, monitoring and operating schemes; centering devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H6/00—Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
    • E04H6/42—Devices or arrangements peculiar to garages, not covered elsewhere, e.g. securing devices, safety devices, monitoring and operating schemes; centering devices
    • E04H6/422—Automatically operated car-parks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of mechanical parking equipment, in particular to a multi-layer parking method and device.
  • the prior art PSH lifting and traversing mechanical parking device has the following disadvantages: (1) When the upper vehicle loading plate is lowered, the loading plate directly below it must be traversed to allow the lifting channel to be lifted, and the upper carrier plate can When the number of layers of the prior art PSH lifting and traversing mechanical parking equipment is relatively large, the parking equipment needs a large number of loading plates to traverse at the same time before the lifting movement, which has high energy consumption and high noise; The noise pollution during the operation of the technical PSH lifting and traversing mechanical parking equipment seriously hinders the daily life of the residents of the community, which causes many parking facilities installed in residential areas to fail to operate normally.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-layer parking method and device with low energy consumption, low noise and safe use.
  • the vehicle can directly enter or exit the underlying parking unit.
  • the upper parking unit accesses the vehicle, only the loading plate of the upper parking unit of the vehicle to be accessed needs to be moved.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a multi-layer parking method, the multi-layer parking device includes a channel base surface in which the vehicle can enter and exit longitudinally, and a bottom parking unit is symmetrically disposed on both sides of the channel base surface. A plurality of upper parking units are fixed in the upper part of the bottom parking unit, and a lifting passage for the vehicle to repeatedly rise and fall is formed between the two parking units above the base surface;
  • the vehicle When the vehicle is stored in the ground floor parking unit or the vehicle parked at the bottom parking unit is taken out, the vehicle directly enters the bottom parking unit or exits from the bottom parking unit;
  • the parking board parked on the parking platform of the vehicle board first rises off the parking platform, and then translates into the hoistway. And then descending to the base surface of the channel; after the vehicle enters or exits the loading plate, the loading plate first rises from the base surface of the passage to the height of the lifting passage slightly higher than the parking platform of the upper parking unit Then, it is translated into the upper parking unit and then lowered to the parking platform.
  • the utility model relates to a multi-layer parking device, which comprises a base surface of a passage through which a vehicle can enter and exit longitudinally, and a bottom parking unit is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the passage base surface, and a plurality of upper parking units are fixed in sequence above each bottom parking unit, two columns A parking passage is formed between the parking units for repeatedly moving up and down the vehicle, and the parking device further comprises a PLC control system for ensuring that only one vehicle is moving up and down in the lifting passage at a time;
  • the bottom parking unit includes an underlying base surface in which the vehicle can directly enter/slide longitudinally, and an underlying parking frame disposed around the base surface of the bottom layer;
  • the upper parking unit comprises a rectangular parallelepiped upper parking frame, a loading plate, a parking plate parking platform fixed laterally at the bottom of the upper parking frame, and a bottom connecting the loading plate and can drive the loading plate to repeatedly move up and down in the lifting passage.
  • the traverse system comprises two rail beams transversely extending through the entire parking device and a translational power system and a traverse frame; the two rail beams are laterally fixed in parallel to the inner side of the front wall and the inner side of the rear wall of the upper parking frame;
  • the moving frame can be moved left and right along the track beam between the upper parking frame and the lifting channel by the translational power system.
  • the top is fixed on the traverse frame, and the lifting system connected to the loading plate at the bottom end synchronously translates with the traverse frame.
  • the traverse frame is a rectangular frame, including longitudinal beams on the left and right sides and beams at the front and rear ends;
  • the translational power system comprises a translational drive fixed on the traverse frame, and the output end of the translational drive is connected to the traverse transmission shaft which can be reciprocally rotated forward and reversed by the translational drive, and the traverse transmission shaft longitudinally penetrates the traverse frame
  • the end beam, the outer side of each beam corresponding to the traverse drive shaft is provided with a driving wheel that can roll in the track beam, and a driven wheel spaced apart from the driving wheel, and the two ends of the traversing transmission shaft drive the driving wheel to rotate synchronously to insert two In the shaft hole of the drive wheel.
  • the top of the track beam is a track having a longitudinal section of "convex" shape
  • the driving wheel and the driven wheel are rollers with the same specifications and the central rolling groove.
  • the longitudinal section of the roller is “H” shape, and the adapter card can be placed in the “convex” shaped track and reciprocally moved along the track.
  • the top of the lifting system is disposed at the top of the traverse frame, and the end is connected to the loading board, and includes an hoisting driving mechanism fixed on the traverse frame and a front lifting assembly and a rear lifting assembly electrically connected to the lifting driving mechanism;
  • the lifting drive mechanism comprises a lifting drive assembly, and the output end of the lifting drive assembly is connected to a lifting drive shaft that can be reversibly rotated and reversed under the driving of the lifting drive assembly, and the lifting transmission shaft is mounted on the side longitudinal beams through the bearing seat.
  • the main lifting sprocket is respectively disposed at two ends thereof, and the other end of the longitudinal beam is adapted to the main lifting sprocket.
  • the lifting sprocket is arranged on the main lifting sprocket, and the end of the circulating chain is passed through.
  • the triangular connecting block simultaneously connects the front lifting chain and the rear lifting chain, and the other end is connected to the front lifting chain through the adjustable connecting device; the front and rear lifting components comprise the same chain respectively connected to one end of the circulating chain;
  • the tail section of the front lifting assembly is fixed to the left and right sides of the front part of the loading board by the fixing brackets corresponding to the front parts of the side longitudinal beams, and the rear section of the rear lifting assembly is connected by the fixing brackets corresponding to the rear parts of the side longitudinal beams.
  • the left and right sides of the rear of the car are fixed to the left and right sides of the front part of the loading board by the fixing brackets corresponding to the front parts of the side longitudinal beams, and the rear section of the rear lifting assembly is connected by the fixing brackets corresponding to the rear parts of the side longitudinal beams.
  • the fixing frame comprises two fixing plates fixed vertically on both sides of the longitudinal beam, and a transverse sprocket shaft is arranged between the two fixing plates, and the reversing sprocket adapted to the front and rear lifting chain is sleeved in the On the sprocket shaft.
  • the loading board is divided into a front panel of the front panel and a horizontal panel body from the front to the rear; a deceleration plate is arranged at the connection between the front end of the panel and the body of the panel, and the rear portion of the panel body is provided as a vehicle.
  • the positioning of the brake rod, the left and right sides of the loading plate protrude upward with a retaining edge, and the top end of the retaining edge protrudes outwardly from the horizontal ear plate, and the ear plate has a plurality of long circular connecting holes laterally, and the bottom of the lifting system It is fixed to the ear plate through the connecting hole.
  • the tail plate of the front lifting assembly is provided with a tie rod mounting seat, and the corresponding connecting hole of the pull rod mounting seat is disposed below the ear plate, and the two vertical loading plates are vertically disposed in the longitudinal direction.
  • a vertical plate, the vertical plate corresponding to the upper end of the upper end and the lower end of the limiting hole, the limiting hole is an oblique hole with a longitudinal section;
  • the tail section of the front lifting assembly comprises a front lifting chain tail section, a short pulling rod and an adjusting rod hinged with the short rod, and a pin shaft hole is arranged at a lower end of the adjusting rod, and the pin shaft assembly is movable up and down along the limiting hole Connecting the adjusting rod to the limiting hole through the pin hole, the adjusting rod is vertical when the pin assembly is located at the upper end of the limiting hole, and the top end is outward of the limiting hole when the pin assembly is at the lower end of the limiting hole tilt.
  • a guard rail is arranged between the hoistway and the bottom parking unit, and a front end of the hoistway is provided with a protective door that can be repeatedly raised and lowered.
  • the multi-layer parking method of the present invention when the vehicle is stored in the bottom parking unit or the vehicle parked at the bottom parking unit is taken out, the vehicle directly enters the bottom parking unit or exits from the bottom parking unit. No need to use any mechanical device, simple and convenient, high reliability.
  • the parking board parked on the parking platform of the vehicle board first rises off the parking platform, and then translates into the hoistway.
  • the carrier board first rises from the base surface of the passage to the hoistway slightly higher than the parking deck of the upper parking unit, and then Pan to the upper parking slip Within the yuan, and then lowered to the parking board parking platform, only need to traverse and lift the upper parking unit used, greatly reducing energy consumption, reducing noise, and reducing multiple parking plates simultaneously moving to the parking device The impact ensures the stability, durability and safety of the parking device.
  • the multi-layer parking device of the invention comprises a base surface of the passage through which the vehicle can enter and exit longitudinally, and is arranged on the bottom parking unit on both sides of the passage base, corresponding to a plurality of upper parking units above the bottom parking unit, and two parking spaces above the base surface.
  • a hoistway for the vehicle to repeatedly move up and down is formed between the units, and a PLC control system for ensuring that only one vehicle is moving up and down in the hoistway at a time.
  • the upper parking unit comprises an upper parking frame, a loading plate, a parking platform parking platform fixed at the bottom of the upper parking frame, a lifting system at the bottom connecting the loading plate and driving the loading plate to move up and down in the lifting passage, A traverse system that drives the loading plate and the lifting system to translate left and right between the loading platform and the lifting channel.
  • Each upper parking unit has an independent traverse system and a lifting system.
  • the structure is reliable and the cost is low. At the same time, it has the advantage of strong applicability. If an upper parking unit fails, the remaining parking units of the parking device can continue to operate. After the vehicle is in place, the vehicle board and the vehicle are placed on the parking platform of the vehicle board.
  • the structure is stable and does not require the use of anti-drop hooks. This avoids the rollover accident caused by the failure of the anti-drop hook; the lifting system is not subject to The force state, the service life is greatly extended, and the safety factor is improved.
  • the tail section of the front lifting assembly includes a front lift chain (or wire rope) tail section, a short pull rod and an adjustment pull rod hinged with the short pull rod from the top to the bottom, and the lower end of the adjustment pull rod is provided with a pin hole, which can move up and down along the limit hole
  • the pin assembly passes through the pin hole to connect the adjusting rod in the limiting hole, and the adjusting rod is vertical when the pin assembly is at the upper end of the limiting hole, and the top end limit when the pin assembly is at the lower end of the limiting hole
  • the bit hole is inclined outward.
  • the lower end of the short rod and the upper end of the adjusting rod are offset to the outside, and a large space is formed at the position of the corresponding mirror to ensure that the vehicle enters or exits the loading board.
  • the widest rear view mirror of the body is not scratched by the rear section of the front lift assembly.
  • the guardrail and the protective door are provided.
  • the personnel cannot enter the inside of the device, thereby avoiding damage to the personnel when the device is running, so that remote control can be realized, and the storage state of the device can be achieved through the mobile phone, the Internet, and the like.
  • the operating state is monitored, the parking space is reserved, and the device is in a waiting state for accessing the vehicle in advance.
  • the multi-layer parking device Compared with the prior art, the multi-layer parking device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use, low energy consumption, easy installation, maintenance and repair, and can significantly reduce the difficulty and cost of product maintenance and repair.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevational view of the embodiment of the multi-layer parking device without a protective door
  • Figure 2 is a side view of the embodiment of the multi-layer parking device
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of the multi-layer parking device of the embodiment
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of the vehicle loading plate of the embodiment
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of the upper parking unit of the embodiment
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of the upper parking unit of the embodiment
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged view of the portion A in Figure 6
  • Figure 8 is a partial perspective view of a lifting and traversing system of the embodiment
  • Figure 9 is a partial perspective view of the lifting and traversing mechanism of the embodiment
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the connection of the adjusting rod and the vehicle board in the embodiment
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view of the tail section of the front lift system during operation of the lift system of the embodiment
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view of the tail section of the front lift system when the vehicle is driven into and out of the vehicle loading plate
  • a multi-layer parking device (hereinafter referred to as a parking device) includes a channel base surface 11 into which a vehicle can be driven longitudinally, and a bottom parking unit 2 is symmetrically disposed on both sides of the channel base surface 11 .
  • 5 upper (several 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 . . . N) upper parking units 3 are arranged in the upper part of each of the bottom parking units 2, and a plurality of parking units are formed between the two bases.
  • the hoistway 1 for the vehicle to repeatedly move up and down, the parking device further includes a PLC control system (not shown), and the PLC control system ensures that only one vehicle moves up and down in the hoistway 1 at a time.
  • a guard rail 5 is disposed between the hoistway 1 and the bottom parking unit 2.
  • the front end of the hoistway 1 is provided with a protective door 6 that can be repeatedly raised and lowered.
  • the protective door 6 Under the PLC control system, during the movement of the vehicle from the passage base 11 to the upper parking unit 3 or from the upper parking unit 3 to the passage base 11, the protective door 6 is in a closed state, and personnel cannot enter the interior of the parking device. Only when the empty vehicle board or the loading board loaded with the vehicle moves to the channel base surface 11 is stopped, the protective door 6 can be opened, and the personnel can drive the vehicle into the parking device or enter the parking device to drive the vehicle away from the device. Be sure to be safe.
  • the remote control PLC control system such as remote control, mobile APP or network reservation storage/taking car can be used to remotely perform access operation and reduce the on-site waiting time of the access vehicle.
  • the bottom parking unit 2 includes an underlying base surface 21 into which the vehicle can directly enter or exit longitudinally, and an underlying parking frame 22 adapted to be disposed around the underlying base surface 21.
  • the bottom of the bottom parking frame 22 is mounted on the underlying base surface 21 .
  • the bottom parking frame 22 is a column that is disposed around the bottom surface 21 to support the upper parking unit 3.
  • the bottom parking unit 2 does not have any mechanical device, and is simple and easy to use, and saves cost while avoiding failure.
  • the upper parking unit 3 includes an upper parking frame 31, a loading plate 32, a parking plate parking table 33 laterally fixed to the bottom of the upper parking frame 31, and a bottom connecting carrier plate 32, and can drive the loading plate 32 up and down in the lifting channel 1.
  • the moving lifting system 35, the traversing system 34 that can drive the loading plate 32 and the lifting system 35 to translate left and right between the loading plate platform 33 and the lifting channel 1 is performed.
  • the upper parking frame 31 is a rectangular parallelepiped frame disposed above the bottom parking frame 22 or above the upper parking frame 31, and the upper upper parking frame adjacent to the upper and lower sides.
  • the bottom of 31 is the top of the next upper parking frame 31.
  • a main beam 9 is disposed between the two upper parking frames 31 in the same layer; the vertical brackets corresponding to the upper and lower parking frames 31 and the bottom parking frame 22 are made of a long square tube or H-shaped steel, which are connected by bolts or mutually Solder into a whole.
  • the vehicle board 32 is longitudinally divided into a front lower rear and a rear high front panel 321 and a horizontal panel main body 322; to further increase safety performance, the front end of the vehicle panel 321 is connected to the panel body 322.
  • the rear plate of the deceleration plate 323 is provided with a car bar 324 that can be positioned for the vehicle.
  • the left and right sides of the car plate 32 protrude upward with a retaining edge 325, and the top end of the retaining edge 325 protrudes horizontally.
  • a plurality of oblong connecting holes 3261 are laterally opened on the ear plate 326, and the bottom of the lifting system 35 is fixed on the ear plate 326 through the connecting hole 3261.
  • the bottom of the lifting system 35 can also be directly connected to the vehicle body 322 as needed, as long as the vehicle can smoothly enter the loading plate 32, and the lifting system 35 can stably drive the loading plate 32 to rise and fall.
  • the deck parking deck 33 includes a plurality of steel beams 331 disposed laterally at the bottom of the upper parking frame 31.
  • the traverse system 34 includes two rail beams 341 and a lateral movement force system 342 and a traverse frame 343 extending transversely across the entire parking device; the two rail beams 341 are laterally fixed to the upper parking space in parallel.
  • the top of the track beam 341 is a track having a longitudinal section of "convex" shape; the traverse frame 343 can be moved left and right along the track beam 341 between the upper parking frame 31 and the hoistway 1 by the lateral movement force system 342, and the lifting system
  • the top of the 35 is fixed on the traverse frame 343, and the bottom end is connected to the loading plate 32.
  • the lifting system 35 drives the loading plate 32 to synchronously translate with the traverse frame 343.
  • the traverse frame 343 is a rectangular frame, and includes longitudinal members 3431 on the left and right sides and a beam 3432 at the front and rear ends.
  • the transverse mobility system 342 includes a traverse drive mechanism 3423 that is secured to the traverse frame 343.
  • the output of the traverse drive mechanism 3423 is coupled to a traverse drive shaft 3425 that extends longitudinally across the ends of the traverse frame 343.
  • Beam 3432 The reciprocating forward rotation reverse rotation is carried out by the traverse drive mechanism 3423.
  • the outer side of each of the cross beams 3432 is provided with a rotatable driving wheel 3421 corresponding to the traverse transmission shaft 3425, and two ends of the traverse transmission shaft 3425 are respectively inserted into the two.
  • the driving wheel 3421 In the shaft hole of the driving wheel 3421, the driving wheel 3421 is synchronously rotated; the outer side of the beam 3432 is spaced apart from the driving wheel 3421 by a driven wheel 3422 having the same specifications as the driving wheel 3421.
  • the driving wheel 3421 and the driven wheel 3422 are rollers with a rolling groove 3424 in the middle.
  • the longitudinal section of the roller is "H”.
  • the adapter card is placed in the "convex" shaped track of the track beam 341 and reciprocates along the track. Under the control of the PLC control system, the lateral movement force system 342 drives the traverse frame 343 to move horizontally to the left or right.
  • the longitudinal section of the driving wheel 3421 and the driven wheel 3422 is "H" shaped, and the intervals are set at the same height to ensure the interval.
  • the traverse frame 343 does not deflect during the translation of the "convex"-shaped track.
  • the traverse drive mechanism 3423 employs a geared motor with a brake device. After the traverse frame 343 is in position, it is stationary under the action of the brake device. In order to ensure the smoothness of the lifting system 35 during lifting, other suitable methods in the prior art can also be employed.
  • the track beam 341 may also have a "concave" shape or other shape in the longitudinal section.
  • the size and shape of the main wheel 3421 and the driven wheel 3422 are adapted to the track beam 341 as long as the traverse frame 343 is in the translation process. It runs smoothly and does not skew.
  • the top of the lifting system 35 is disposed at the top of the traverse frame 343, and the end of the traverse frame 343 is connected to the loading plate 32, and includes an elevation driving mechanism 353 fixed on the traverse frame 343, a front lifting assembly connected to the lifting driving mechanism 353, and a rear lifting and lowering system. Component.
  • the lifting drive mechanism 353 adopts the prior art sprocket chain transmission mode, including the lifting drive assembly 3531.
  • the output end of the lifting drive assembly 3531 is connected to the lifting drive shaft 3532 through the transmission chain, and the lifting drive shaft 3532
  • the bearing block is mounted on the side rails 3431 of the two sides, and can be reversed and reversed by the lifting drive assembly 3531.
  • the two ends of the lifting and lowering drive shaft 3532 are respectively provided with a main lifting sprocket 3533, and the longitudinal beam 3431 is respectively provided.
  • One end is provided with a lifting sprocket 3537 adapted to the main lifting sprocket 3533, and the circulating chain 3534 is cyclically movably disposed on the main lifting sprocket 3533, one end of the circulating chain 3534 is passed through the triangular connecting block 3538 (or other forms)
  • the connecting structure is connected to the front lifting chain 3535 and the rear lifting chain 3536 at the same time, and the other end is connected to the front lifting chain 3535 through the adjustable connecting device 3539, and forms a loop between the chains while transmitting the pulling force generated by the lifting driving assembly 3531.
  • the lifting drive mechanism 353 can also adopt other modes of the prior art, as long as the lifting system 35 can ensure that the loading plate 32 can smoothly meet the lifting requirements.
  • the front lift assembly includes a front lift chain 3535 coupled to one end of the endless chain 3534, and the rear lift assembly includes a rear lift chain 3536 coupled to the same end of the endless chain 3534.
  • the front lift chain 3535 is disposed at the front of the side rails 3431 by corresponding correspondence
  • the reverse sprocket frame 354 is fixed to the left and right sides of the front portion of the load plate 32, and the rear lift chain 3536 is connected to the rear of the load plate 32 through the reverse sprocket frame 354 corresponding to the rear portions of the side longitudinal members 3431.
  • the reversing sprocket frame 354 has two fixing plates 3541 fixed vertically on two sides of the longitudinal beam 3431.
  • a transverse sprocket shaft 3542 is disposed between the two fixing plates 3541, and the reversing chain of the front and rear lifting chain is adapted.
  • a wheel 3526 is sleeved over the sprocket shaft 3542.
  • the front and rear lifting assembly tail sections refer to the vertical sections of the front and rear lifting assemblies connected to the loading board 32 for pulling the loading board 32; during the working of the lifting system 35, the rear lifting assembly tail sections 351.
  • the front lifting assembly tail section 352 can be repeatedly extended and shortened to drive the falling and rising of the loading board 32 repeatedly.
  • the rear lift assembly tail section 351 is the tail section of the rear lift chain 3536, and its end passes through the corresponding connection hole 3261 and is fixed on the ear plate 326 by a lock nut (not shown).
  • the loading plate 32 is provided with a pull rod mounting seat 327 for fixing the front lifting assembly tail section 352.
  • the pull rod mounting base 327 is disposed below the ear plate 326 corresponding to the connecting hole 3261, and includes two vertical loading plates 32 symmetrically arranged in the longitudinal direction.
  • the vertical plate 3271 on both sides of the connecting hole 3261 the vertical plate 3271 is correspondingly provided with a limiting hole 3272 having an upper end outward and a lower end inward, and the limiting hole 3272 is an inclined hole having a longitudinal cross section; the limit The outer end of the hole 3272 is provided corresponding to the inner end of the connection hole 3261.
  • the front lift assembly tail section 352 includes a tail section 3521 of the front lift chain 3535, a short pull rod 3522, and an adjustment pull rod 3523 hinged with the short pull rod 3522 from the top to the bottom.
  • the lower end of the adjustment pull rod 3523 is provided with a pin.
  • the shaft hole 3525, the pin assembly 3524 passes through the pin hole 3525 to connect the lower end of the adjusting rod 3523 in the limiting hole 3272, that is, the lateral ends of the pin assembly 3524 are respectively disposed outside the two vertical plates 3271,
  • the pin assembly 3524 is movable up and down along the limiting hole 3272.
  • the upper end of the limiting hole 3272 is inwardly and downwardly inward, and when the front lifting assembly tail section 352 is subjected to the upward pulling force, the pin assembly 3524 is located at the upper end of the limiting hole 3272, and the adjusting rod 3523 is in a vertical state; and the adjusting rod 3523 is only in the vertical state. Under the action of gravity, the pin assembly 3524 is located at the lower end of the limiting hole 3272, and the top end of the adjusting rod 3523 is along the limiting hole 3272 Tilt outward.
  • the length of the short rod 3522 is 200 mm, and the length of the adjusting rod 3523 can be adjusted within the range of 1000 mm to 1200 mm.
  • the lifting system 35 When the loading board is placed in position, the lifting system 35 continues to move, and the rod group is inclined outward to form a comparison.
  • the large width space makes it easy for the vehicle to get in and out of the vehicle without scratching the vehicle, especially the rear view mirror.
  • the front lifting assembly and the rear lifting assembly are synchronously raised or descended synchronously by the lifting drive mechanism 353 to ensure that the loading plate 32 is always level during the ascending or descending process.
  • the lifting drive mechanism 353 Under the action of the lifting system 35, after the loading plate 32 is lowered to the channel base surface 11, the lifting drive mechanism 353 continues to work, the front lifting assembly tail section 352 continues to descend, and the pin assembly 3524 mounted on the tie rod mounting seat 327 at this time.
  • the pull rod mounting seat 327 can also be specifically configured according to the actual situation of the loading board 32.
  • the front lifting assembly and the rear lifting assembly can also adopt other transmission methods commonly used in the prior art such as the screw nut pair.
  • the rear lift assembly tail section 351 can also be constructed using the front lift assembly tail section 352. Accordingly, the manner in which the rear portion of the carriage 32 is connected to the rear lift assembly is changed to the tie rod mount 327.
  • the lifting system 35 When the traverse system 34 and the lifting system 35 drive the loading board 32 to move to the upper parking unit 3, the lifting system 35 is reactivated, and the loading board 32 is placed on the parking board parking table 33.
  • the front lifting assembly, the rear lifting assembly, and the lifting drive mechanism 353 are all in an unstressed state.
  • the driving wheel 3421, the driven wheel 3422 and the corresponding shaft and bearing housing of the traverse system 34 are not subjected to the loading plate 32.
  • the service life is greatly extended, and the safety factor is improved; at the same time, since the loading plate 32 is directly placed on the parking board parking table 33, the structure is stable, and the anti-drop hook is not needed, thereby avoiding A vehicle rollover accident caused by a failure of the anti-hook.
  • Each upper parking unit 3 of the parking device of the invention has an independent traverse system 34 and a lifting system 35, and has a simple structure and strong applicability. If an upper parking unit 3 fails, the remaining upper parking units 3 can continue to operate, Subject to any influence. When accessing the vehicle, it is only necessary to operate the upper parking unit 3 used, which reduces the waste energy consumed by the simultaneous traverse of the plurality of upper parking units 3, greatly reduces noise and reduces the impact on the entire parking device. To maintain the stability of the equipment and extend its service life.
  • a plurality of said parking devices may be arranged in parallel to form a parking device as a whole.
  • Step 1 The vehicle board 32 is out of position: the vehicle board 32 is moved by the board parking deck 33 to the channel base 11
  • the lifting system 35 is activated to cause the loading plate 32 of the upper parking unit 3 to leave the loading plate parking table 33;
  • the lifting system 35 is activated to lower the loading plate 32 from the inside of the lifting channel 1 to the channel base 11; the protective door 6 is opened, and the driver drives the vehicle into the loading plate 32 or will stop on the loading plate 32.
  • the vehicle is opened; when all the personnel leave the parking device, use the remote control or mobile phone to confirm that the protective door 6 is closed.
  • Step 2 The carriage plate 32 is reset: the carriage plate 32 is moved from the passage base surface 11 to the carriage plate parking table 33
  • the lifting system 35 is activated to raise the vehicle-loaded or empty vehicle panel 32 from the channel base surface 11 to the exact position in the hoistway 1;
  • the traverse system 34 is activated to translate the loading plate 32 from the hoistway 1 to the upper side of the parking plate parking platform 33;
  • the lifting system 35 is activated to place the carrier plate 32 on the carrier parking platform 33.
  • step 1 if the driver forgets to confirm after leaving the parking device, after a certain time after the driver leaves the device, preferably after 1 minute, the parking device automatically closes the protective door and performs step 2.

Abstract

一种多层停车方法及多层停车装置，多层停车装置包括车辆可纵向驶入、驶出的通道基面（11），通道基面（11）两侧对称设有底层停车单元（2），每个底层停车单元（2）的上方依次固定有若干个上层停车单元（3），通道基面（11）以上两列停车单元（3）之间形成可供车辆反复上下的升降通道（1）。将车辆存入底层停车单元（2）或将停在底层停车单元（2）的车辆取出时，车辆直接纵向驶入底层停车单元（2）或自底层停车单元（2）驶出；将车辆存入一个上层停车单元（3）或将停在一个上层停车单元（3）的车辆取出时，停在载车板停放台（33）上的载车板（32）先上升脱离载车板停放台（33），然后平移至升降通道（1）中，再下降至通道基面（11）上；待车辆驶入或驶出载车板（32）后，载车板（32）先由通道基面（11）上升至升降通道（1）中略高于上层停车单元（3）载车板停放台（33）的高度，然后平移至上层停车单元（3）内，再下降放置到载车板停放台（33）。该停车装置结构可靠、成本低，该停车方法运行能耗小。

Description

多层停车方法及装置 技术领域
本发明涉及机械式停车设备技术领域，特别是一种多层停车方法及装置。
背景技术
目前，在国内立体车库行业中，广泛使用的是PSH升降横移类机械式停车设备(lift-sliding mechanical parking system)。现有技术PSH升降横移类机械式停车设备具有以下缺点：(1)当上层载车板下降时，其正下方的载车板必须进行横移，让出升降通道，上层载车板方能进行下降；当现有技术PSH升降横移类机械式停车设备的层数比较多时，停车设备在做升降运动前，需要数量较多的载车板同时横移，能耗高、噪音大；现有技术PSH升降横移类机械式停车设备运行时的噪音污染，严重妨碍小区居民的日常生活，从而造成很多安装在居民小区的停车设备不能正常运行。(2)现有技术PSH升降横移类机械式停车设备存储车辆时，链条(或钢丝绳)和升降电机始终处于受力状态，极大地降低了链条(或钢丝绳)和升降电机、链轮、传动轴等受力部件的使用寿命，而且存在很大的安全隐患。(3)现有技术PSH升降横移类机械式停车设备存储车辆时是通过防坠钩来防止由于链条(或钢丝绳)断裂所造成的车辆坠落，但防坠钩同时也存在很大的安全隐患，载车板下降时时防坠钩必须同时打开，载车板才能下降，如果有一个防坠钩没有正常张开，载车板就可能被挂住而倾翻，从而造成所装载的车辆坠落，目前PSH升降横移类机械式停车设备所发生的事故中，大部分是由于防坠钩故障造成的。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种能耗小、噪音小、使用安全的多层停车方法及装置。车辆可直接驶入或驶出底层停车单元，进行上层停车单元存取车辆时，仅需待存取车辆的上层停车单元的载车板移动。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用以下技术方案：一种多层停车方法，多层停车装置包括车辆可纵向驶入驶出的通道基面，通道基面两侧对称设有底层停车单元，每个底层停车单元的上方依次固定有若干个上层停车单元，基面以上两列停车单元之间形成可供车辆反复上下的升降通道；
将车辆存入底层停车单元或将停在底层停车单元的车辆取出时，车辆直接纵向驶入底层停车单元或自底层停车单元上驶出；
将车辆存入一个上层停车单元或将停在一个上层停车单元的车辆取出时，停在载车板停放台上的载车板先上升脱离所述载车板停放台，然后平移至升降通道中，再下降至通道基面上；待车辆驶入或驶出载车板后，所述载车板先由通道基面上升至升降通道中略高于所述上层停车单元载车板停放台的高度、然后平移至所述上层停车单元内、再下降放置到所述载车板停放台。
一种多层停车装置，包括车辆可纵向驶入驶出的通道基面，通道基面两侧对称设有底层停车单元，每个底层停车单元的上方依次固定有若干个上层停车单元，两列停车单元之间形成可供车辆反复上下的升降通道，停车装置还包括确保每次仅有一个车辆在升降通道内进行升降运动PLC控制系统；
所述底层停车单元包括车辆可直接纵向驶入/驶出的底层基面，以及适配设置在底层基面四周的底层停车框架；
所述上层停车单元包括长方体形的上层停车框架、载车板、横向固定在上层停车框架底部的载车板停放台、底部连接载车板且可带动载车板在升降通道内反复上下移动的升降系统、可带动载车板及升降系统在所述载车板停放台与升降通道之间左右平移的横移系统。
优选地，所述横移系统包括横向贯穿整个停车装置的两根轨道梁以及平移动力系统、横移架；两根轨道梁平行地横向固定于上层停车框架的前壁内侧和后壁内侧；横移架在平移动力系统的带动下可沿轨道梁在上层停车框架与升降通道之间左右平移，顶部固定在横移架上、底端连接载车板的升降系统随横移架同步平移。
更优选地，所述横移架为长方形的框架，包括左右两侧的纵梁以及前后两端的横梁；
所述平移动力系统包括固定在横移架上的平移驱动，平移驱动的输出端连接可在平移驱动的带动下往复正转反转的横移传动轴，横移传动轴纵向贯穿横移架两端的横梁，每个横梁的外侧对应横移传动轴设有可在轨道梁中滚动的主动轮、以及与主动轮间隔设置的从动轮，横移传动轴的两端带动主动轮同步转动地插入两个主动轮的轴孔中。
进一步优选地，所述轨道梁的顶部为纵截面为“凸”字形的轨道；
所述主动轮、从动轮为规格相同、中部带滚槽的滚轮，滚轮的纵截面为“H”形，可适配卡置在“凸”字形的轨道中、沿轨道往复移动。
更进一步地，所述升降系统顶端设置在横移架的顶部、末端连接载车板，包括固定在横移架上的升降驱动机构以及与升降驱动机构电连接的前升降组件、后升降组件；
所述升降驱动机构包括升降驱动组件，升降驱动组件的输出端连接可在升降驱动组件的带动下往复地正转反转的升降传动轴，升降传动轴通过轴承座安装于两侧纵梁上，其两端分别设有主提升链轮，纵梁的另一端适配主提升链轮设有从提升链轮，循环链条可循环传动地适配设置在主提升链轮上，循环链条的一端通过三角连接块同时连接前升降链条和后升降链条，另一端通过可调节连接装置与前升降链条连接；前、后升降组件包括分别与循环链条的一端连接的规格相同的链条；
前升降组件尾段通过对应设置在两侧纵梁前部的固定架固定在载车板前部的左右两侧，后升降组件尾段通过对应设置在两侧纵梁后部的固定架连接在载车板后部的左右两侧。
优选地，所述固定架包括两块竖向固定在纵梁两侧的固定板，两块固定板之间设有横向的链轮轴，适配前后升降链条的换向链轮套接在所述链轮轴上。
所述载车板自前向后分为前低后高的车板前端、水平的车板本体；车板前端与车板本体连接处设有减速板，车板本体的后部设有可为车辆定位的挡车杆，载车板的左右两侧向上突出有护边，护边的顶端向外突出有水平的耳板，耳板上横向开有若干个长圆形的连接孔，升降系统的底部通过连接孔固定在耳板上。
更优选地，所述载车板上对应前升降组件尾段设有拉杆安装座，所述拉杆安装座对应连接孔设置在耳板的下方，包括两块垂直载车板长度方向竖向设置的竖板，竖板上对应开有上端向外、下端向内的限位孔，所述限位孔为纵截面为长圆形的斜孔；
所述前升降组件尾段自上而下包括前升降链条尾段、短拉杆以及与短拉杆铰接的调节拉杆，调节拉杆的下端设有销轴孔，可沿限位孔上下移动的销轴组件穿过销轴孔将调节拉杆连接在限位孔中，所述调节拉杆在销轴组件位于限位孔上端时竖直、在销轴组件位于限位孔下端时其顶端沿限位孔向外倾斜。
所述升降通道与底层停车单元之间设有防护栏，升降通道的前端设有可反复升降的防护门。
与现有技术相比，本发明的多层停车方法，将车辆存入底层停车单元或将停在底层停车单元的车辆取出时，车辆直接纵向驶入底层停车单元或自底层停车单元上驶出；不需要动用任何机械装置，简单方便、可靠性高。将车辆存入一个上层停车单元或将停在一个上层停车单元的车辆取出时，停放在载车板停放台上的载车板先上升脱离所述载车板停放台，然后平移至升降通道中，再下降至通道基面上；待车辆驶入或驶出载车板后，所述载车板先由通道基面上升至升降通道中略高于所述上层停车单元载车板停放台、然后平移至所述上层停车单 元内、再下降放置到所述载车板停放台，仅需对所使用的上层停车单元进行横移及升降，极大地减少能耗，降低噪音，减少多个载车板同时运动对停车装置的冲击，保证停车装置的稳定性、耐用性及安全性。
本发明多层停车装置，包括车辆可纵向驶入驶出的通道基面，分设于通道基面两侧底层停车单元，对应设置底层停车单元上方的若干个上层停车单元，基面以上两列停车单元之间形成可供车辆反复上下的升降通道，还包括确保每次仅有一个车辆在升降通道内进行升降运动PLC控制系统。
所述上层停车单元包括上层停车框架、载车板、横向固定在上层停车框架底部的载车板停放台、底部连接载车板且可带动载车板在升降通道内上下移动的升降系统、可带动载车板及升降系统在所述载车板停放台与升降通道之间左右平移的横移系统。每个上层停车单元具有独立的横移系统、升降系统，结构可靠、成本低廉；同时具有适用性强的优点，若一个上层停车单元发生故障，停车装置的其余停车单元均可继续运行。车辆存储到位后，载车板及车辆搁置在载车板停放台上，结构稳固，不需要使用防坠钩，避免了由于防坠钩发生故障而造成的侧翻事故；升降系统均处于不受力状态，使用寿命得以极大延长，提高安全系数。
所述前升降组件尾段自上而下包括前升降链条(或钢丝绳)尾段、短拉杆以及与短拉杆铰接的调节拉杆，调节拉杆的下端设有销轴孔，可沿限位孔上下移动的销轴组件穿过销轴孔将调节拉杆连接在限位孔中，所述调节拉杆在销轴组件位于限位孔上端时竖直、在销轴组件位于限位孔下端时其顶端沿限位孔向外倾斜。前升降组件尾段不受拉力的状态下，短拉杆的下端、调节拉杆的上端向外侧偏移，在对应后视镜的位置形成较大的空间，确保车辆在驶入或驶出载车板时车身最宽的后视镜处不被前升降组件尾段划伤。
更进一步地，设置防护栏及防护门，在设备运行时，人员是无法进入设备内部的，避免设备运行时对人员造成伤害，使得可以实现远程控制，可以通过手机、互联网等对设备的存储状态、运行状态进行监控，预约车位、提前使设备处于存取车的等待状态等。
相比现有技术，多层停车装置结构简单，使用方便，耗能低，易于安装、保养和维修，能够显著的降低产品保养和维修的难度和成本。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细地解释。
图1是实施例多层停车装置不含防护门的主视示意图
图2是实施例多层停车装置侧视示意图
图3实施例多层停车装置立体示意图
图4是实施例载车板立体示意图
图5是实施例上层停车单元立体示意图一
图6是实施例上层停车单元立体示意图二
图7是图6中A处放大示意图
图8是实施例升降横移系统局部立体示意图一
图9是实施例升降及横移机构局部立体示意图二
图10是实施例调节拉杆与载车板连接示意图
图11是实施例升降系统工作时前升降系统尾段示意图
图12是实施例车辆驶入驶出载车板时前升降系统尾段示意图
具体实施方式
如图1～12所示，一种多层停车装置(以下简称停车装置)，包括车辆可纵向驶入驶出的通道基面11，通道基面11的两侧对称设有底层停车单元2，每个底层停车单元2的上方依次设置5个(可为2、3、4、5、6、7…..N的若干个)上层停车单元3，基面以上两列停车单元之间形成可供车辆反复上下的升降通道1，停车装置还包括PLC控制系统(图中未示出)，PLC控制系统确保每次仅有一个车辆在升降通道1内进行升降运动。
如图1-3所示，所述升降通道1与底层停车单元2之间设有防护栏5，升降通道1的前端设有可反复升降的防护门6。在PLC控制系统下，车辆由通道基面11移动到上层停车单元3上或由上层停车单元3移动到通道基面11的过程中，防护门6处于关闭状态，人员不能进入停车装置内部。只有当空载车板或装载有车辆的载车板运动到通道基面11停止后，防护门6才能打开，人员方可将车辆驶入停车装置内部或进入停车装置内部将车辆驶离设备，确保安全。可利用现有技术，使用遥控器、手机APP或者网络预约存车/取车等远程遥控PLC控制系统，远程进行存取车操作，减少存取车的现场等待时间。
所述底层停车单元2包括车辆可直接纵向驶入或驶出的底层基面21以及适配设置在底层基面21四周的底层停车框架22，底层停车框架22的底部安装在底层基面21上。实施例中，底层停车框架22为设置在底层基面21四周支撑上层停车单元3的立柱。所述底层停车单元2不设任何机械装置，简单易行、使用方便，节约成本的同时避免发生故障。
上层停车单元3包括上层停车框架31、载车板32、横向固定在上层停车框架31底部的载车板停放台33、底部连接载车板32且可带动载车板32在升降通道1内上下移动的升降系统35、可带动载车板32及升降系统35在所述载车板停放台33与升降通道1之间左右平移的横移系统34。
如图5-9所示，所述上层停车框架31为长方体形的框架，设置在底层停车框架22的上方、或下一层上层停车框架31的上方，上下相邻的上一个的上层停车框架31的底部为下一个上层停车框架31的顶部。同层两个上层停车框架31之间设有主横梁9；上层停车框架31及底层停车框架22上下对应的竖支架由一根通长的方管或H型钢制作而成，由螺栓连接或相互焊接成一个整体。
如图4所示，载车板32纵向分为前低后高的车板前端321、以及水平的车板本体322；为进一步增加安全性能，车板前端321与车板本体322连接处设有减速板323，车板本体322的后部设有可为车辆定位的挡车杆324，载车板32的左右两侧向上突出有护边325，护边325的顶端向外突出有水平的耳板326，耳板326上横向开有若干个长圆形的连接孔3261，升降系统35的底部通过连接孔3261固定在耳板326上。也可以根据需要，将升降系统35的底部直接连接在车板本体322上，只要确保车辆能顺利驶入载车板32，且升降系统35能稳固的带动载车板32上升、下降即可。
所述载车板停放台33包括若干根横向设置在上层停车框架31底部的钢制横梁331。
如图5～6所示，所述横移系统34包括横向贯穿整个停车装置的两根轨道梁341以及横移动力系统342、横移架343；两根轨道梁341平行地横向固定于上层停车框架31的前壁内侧和后壁内侧。轨道梁341的顶部为纵截面为“凸”字形的轨道；横移架343在横移动力系统342的带动下可沿轨道梁341在上层停车框架31与升降通道1之间左右平移，升降系统35的顶部固定在横移架343上、底端连接载车板32，升降系统35带动载车板32随横移架343同步平移。
横移架343为长方形的框架，包括左右两侧的纵梁3431以及前后两端的横梁3432。横移动力系统342包括固定在横移架343上的横移驱动机构3423，横移驱动机构3423的输出端连接横移传动轴3425，所述横移传动轴3425纵向贯穿横移架343两端的横梁3432、且可 在横移驱动机构3423的带动下往复正转反转，每个横梁3432的外侧对应横移传动轴3425设有可转动的主动轮3421，横移传动轴3425的两端分别对应地插入两个主动轮3421的轴孔中，带动主动轮3421同步转动；横梁3432的外侧与主动轮3421的同一高度间隔设有与主动轮3421规格相同的从动轮3422。主动轮3421、从动轮3422为中部带滚槽3424的滚轮，滚轮的纵截面为“H”形，适配卡置在轨道梁341“凸”字形的轨道中、沿轨道往复移动。在PLC控制系统的控制下，横移动力系统342带动横移架343水平向左或向右移动，主动轮3421、从动轮3422的纵截面为“H”形，且间隔设置在同一高度，确保横移架343沿“凸”字形的轨道平移过程中不发生偏斜，所述横移驱动机构3423采用带刹车装置的减速电机，横移架343到位后在刹车装置的作用下静止不动，以保证升降系统35在升降时的平稳性，也可以采用现有技术中其他合适的方式。所述轨道梁341也可为纵截面为“凹”字形或其他形状，所述主动轮3421、从动轮3422适配轨道梁341的大小及形状合理设置，只要确保横移架343在平移过程中运行平稳、不发生偏斜即可。
所述升降系统35顶端设置在横移架343的顶部、其末端连接载车板32，包括固定在横移架343上的升降驱动机构353、与升降驱动机构353连接的前升降组件、后升降组件。
如图8-9所示，升降驱动机构353采用现有技术的链轮链条传输方式，包括升降驱动组件3531，升降驱动组件3531的输出端通过传动链条与升降传动轴3532连接，升降传动轴3532通过轴承座安装于两侧纵梁3431上，且可在升降驱动组件3531的带动下往复地正转反转，升降传动轴3532的两端分别设有主提升链轮3533，纵梁3431的另一端设有适配主提升链轮3533的从提升链轮3537，循环链条3534可循环传动地适配设置在主提升链轮3533上，循环链条3534的一端通过三角连接块3538(或其他形式的连接结构)同时连接前升降链条3535和后升降链条3536，另一端通过可调节连接装置3539与前升降链条3535连接，在传动由升降驱动组件3531所产生的拉力的同时使各链条间形成一个循环。所述升降驱动机构353也可以采取现有技术的其他方式，只要确保升降系统35能带动载车板32平稳地、满足升降要求即可。
所述前升降组件包括连接在循环链条3534一端的前升降链条3535，后升降组件包括连接在循环链条3534的同一端的后升降链条3536，前升降链条3535通过对应设置在两侧纵梁3431前部的换向链轮架354固定在载车板32前部的左右两侧，后升降链条3536通过对应设置在两侧纵梁3431后部的换向链轮架354连接在载车板32后部的左右两侧。所述换向链轮架354带有两块竖向固定在纵梁3431两侧的固定板3541，两块固定板3541之间设有横向的链轮轴3542，适配前后升降链条的换向链轮3526套接在所述链轮轴3542上。
前、后升降组件尾段是指前、后升降组件工作中与载车板32连接、用来拉动载车板32的竖直段；在升降系统35工作过程中，所述后升降组件尾段351、前升降组件尾段352可反复的伸长、缩短，以带动载车板32反复的下降、上升。
实施例中，后升降组件尾段351即为后升降链条3536的尾段，其末端穿过对应的连接孔3261后通过锁紧螺母(图中未示出)固定在耳板326上。
载车板32上设有固定前升降组件尾段352的拉杆安装座327，所述拉杆安装座327对应连接孔3261设置在耳板326的下方，包括两块垂直载车板32长度方向对称设置于连接孔3261两侧的竖板3271，竖板3271上对应开有上端向外、下端向内的限位孔3272，限位孔3272为纵截面为长圆形的斜孔；所述限位孔3272的外端与连接孔3261的内端对应设置。
如图10-12所示，前升降组件尾段352自上而下包括前升降链条3535的尾段3521、短拉杆3522以及与短拉杆3522铰接的调节拉杆3523，调节拉杆3523的下端设有销轴孔3525，销轴组件3524穿过销轴孔3525将调节拉杆3523的下端连接在限位孔3272中，即销轴组件3524的横向两端分别设置于两块竖板3271的外侧，所述销轴组件3524可沿限位孔3272往复的上下移动。限位孔3272的上端向外、下端向内，确保前升降组件尾段352受到向上拉力时，销轴组件3524位于限位孔3272上端，调节拉杆3523呈竖直状态；而调节拉杆3523仅在重力作用下，销轴组件3524位于限位孔3272的下端，调节拉杆3523的顶端沿限位孔3272 向外倾斜。实施例中，所述短拉杆3522的长度200mm，调节拉杆3523的长度可在1000mm-1200mm范围内调节，当载车板放置到位后，升降系统35继续动作，拉杆组向外倾斜，形成一个较大的宽度空间，便于车辆进出载车板时不会刮擦车辆，特别是后视镜。在PLC控制系统的调控下，前升降组件、后升降组件在升降驱动机构353的带动下同步上升或同步下降，确保载车板32在上升或下降的过程中始终保持水平。在升降系统35的作用下，载车板32下降到通道基面11后，升降驱动机构353继续工作，前升降组件尾段352继续下降，此时安装在拉杆安装座327上的销轴组件3524沿限位孔3272滑落，由于受到限位孔3272及连接孔3261的限制向外偏摆，在车辆后视镜高度位置形成较大的宽度，避免车辆进出载车板32时车辆后视镜受到刮碰。所述拉杆安装座327也可根据载车板32的实际情况具体设置；所述前升降组件、后升降组件也可采用螺杆螺母副等现有技术常用的其他传输方式。
根据车辆进出载车板32方式的不同(倒车入库或直驶入库)，后升降组件尾段351也可以采用前升降组件尾段352的结构方式。相应地，载车板32后部与后升降组件的连接方式改为拉杆安装座327。
当横移系统34与升降系统35带动载车板32运动到上层停车单元3时，升降系统35重新工作，将载车板32搁置在所述载车板停放台33上，此时升降系统35的前升降组件、后升降组件、升降驱动机构353均处于不受力状态，同时，横移系统34的主动轮3421、从动轮3422及相应的轴及轴承座等均不承受由载车板32及所装载车辆所产生的作用力，使用寿命得以极大延长，安全系数提高；同时，由于载车板32直接搁置在载车板停放台33，结构稳固，不需要使用防坠钩，避免了由于防坠钩发生故障而造成的车辆侧翻事故。
本发明停车装置每个上层停车单元3具有独立的横移系统34、升降系统35，结构简单、适用性强，若一个上层停车单元3发生故障，其余的上层停车单元3均可继续运行，不受任何影响。存取车辆时，仅需对所使用的上层停车单元3进行操作即可，减少了由于多个上层停车单元3同时横移所浪费的能耗，极大地降低噪音，减少对整个停车装置的冲击，保持设备的稳定性、延长其使用寿命。
将车辆停在底层停车单元2或将停在底层停车单元2的车辆开出时，驾驶员只需要将车辆直接纵向开入底层停车单元2或自底层停车单元2上开走即可，不影响设备的正常运行。
根据具体场地，若干个所述停车装置可并行排列形成停车装置整体。
将车辆存储在上层停车单元3或将存储在上层停车单元3的车辆取出时，可按以下步骤操作：
使用遥控器、手机APP或者网络预约存车或网络取车，停车装置接收指令后按以下步骤操作：
步骤1载车板32离位：载车板32由载车板停放台33移动至通道基面11
1.1升降系统35启动，使上层停车单元3的载车板32离开载车板停放台33后；
1.2横移系统34启动，将所述载车板32平移至升降通道1内；
1.3升降系统35启动，将所述载车板32由升降通道1内下降至通道基面11；防护门6打开，驾驶员将车辆驶入载车板32或将停在载车板32上的车辆开出；当人员全部离开停车装置后，使用遥控器或者手机确认，防护门6关闭，
步骤2载车板32复位：载车板32由通道基面11移动至载车板停放台33
2.1升降系统35启动，将载有车辆的或空载车板32由通道基面11上升至升降通道1内准确位置；
2.2横移系统34启动，将所述载车板32由升降通道1平移至载车板停放台33的上方；
2.3升降系统35启动，使所述载车板32放置在载车板停放台33上。
在步骤1之后，如果驾驶员离开停车装置后忘记确认，在驾驶员离开设备后一定的时间后，优选为1分钟后，停车装置自动关闭防护门并执行步骤2。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种多层停车方法，其特征在于：多层停车装置包括车辆可纵向驶入驶出的通道基面(11)，通道基面(11)两侧对称设有底层停车单元(2)，每个底层停车单元(2)的上方依次固定有若干个上层停车单元(3)，基面以上两列停车单元之间形成可供车辆反复上下的升降通道(1)；
    将车辆存入底层停车单元(2)或将停在底层停车单元(2)的车辆取出时，车辆直接纵向驶入底层停车单元(2)或自底层停车单元(2)上驶出；
    将车辆存入一个上层停车单元(3)或将停在一个上层停车单元(3)的车辆取出时，停在载车板停放台(33)上的载车板(32)先上升脱离所述载车板停放台(33)，然后平移至升降通道(1)中，再下降至通道基面(11)上；待车辆驶入或驶出载车板(32)后，所述载车板(32)先由通道基面(11)上升至升降通道(1)中略高于所述上层停车单元(3)载车板停放台的高度、然后平移至所述上层停车单元(3)内、再下降放置到所述载车板停放台(33)。
  2. 一种多层停车装置，其特征在于：包括车辆可纵向驶入驶出的通道基面(11)，通道基面(11)两侧对称设有底层停车单元(2)，每个底层停车单元(2)的上方依次固定有若干个上层停车单元(3)，两列停车单元之间形成可供车辆反复上下的升降通道(1)，停车装置还包括确保每次仅有一个车辆在升降通道(1)内进行升降运动PLC控制系统；
    所述底层停车单元(2)包括车辆可直接纵向驶入/驶出的底层基面(21)，以及适配设置在底层基面(21)四周的底层停车框架(22)；
    所述上层停车单元(3)包括长方体形的上层停车框架(31)、载车板(32)、横向固定在上层停车框架(31)底部的载车板停放台(33)、底部连接载车板(32)且可带动载车板(32)在升降通道(1)内反复上下移动的升降系统(35)、可带动载车板(32)及升降系统(35)在所述载车板停放台(33)与升降通道(1)之间左右平移的横移系统(34)。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的多层停车装置，其特征在于：所述横移系统(34)包括横向贯穿整个停车装置的两根轨道梁(341)以及平移动力系统(342)、横移架(343)；两根轨道梁(341)平行地横向固定于上层停车框架(31)的前壁内侧和后壁内侧；横移架(343)在平移动力系统(342)的带动下可沿轨道梁(341)在上层停车框架(31)与升降通道(1)之间左右平移，顶部固定在横移架(343)上、底端连接载车板(32)的升降系统(35)随横移架(343)同步平移。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的多层停车装置，其特征在于：所述横移架(343)为长方形的框架，包括左右两侧的纵梁(3431)以及前后两端的横梁(3432)；
    所述平移动力系统(342)包括固定在横移架(343)上的平移驱动(3423)，平移驱动(3423)的输出端连接可在平移驱动(3423)的带动下往复正转反转的横移传动轴(3425)，横移传动轴(3425)纵向贯穿横移架(343)两端的横梁(3432)，每个横梁(3432)的外侧对应横移传动轴(3425)设有可在轨道梁(341)中滚动的主动轮(3421)、以及与主动轮(3421)间隔设置的从动轮(3422)，横移传动轴(3425)的两端带动主动轮(3421)同步转动地插入两个主动轮(3421)的轴孔中。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的多层停车装置，其特征在于：所述轨道梁(341)的顶部为纵截面为“凸”字形的轨道；
    所述主动轮(3421)、从动轮(3422)为规格相同、中部带滚槽(3424)的滚轮，滚轮的纵截面为“H”形，可适配卡置在“凸”字形的轨道中、沿轨道往复移动。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的多层停车装置，其特征在于：所述升降系统(35)顶端设置在横移架(343)的顶部、末端连接载车板(32)，包括固定在横移架(343)上的升降驱动机构(353)以及与升降驱动机构(353)电连接的前升降组件、后升降组件；
    所述升降驱动机构(353)包括升降驱动组件(3531)，升降驱动组件(3531)的输出端连接可在升降驱动组件(3531)的带动下往复地正转反转的升降传动轴(3532)，升降传动轴(3532)通过轴承座安装于两侧纵梁(3431)上，其两端分别设有主提升链轮(3533)，纵梁(3431)的另一端适配主提升链轮(3533)设有从提升链轮(3537)，循环链条(3534)可循环传动地适配设置在主提升链轮(3533)上，循环链条(3534)的一端通过三角连接块(3538)同时连接前升降链条(3535)和后升降链条(3536)，另一端通过可调节连接装置(3539)与前升降链条(3535)连接；前、后升降组件包括分别与循环链条(3534)的一端连接的规格相同的链条；
    前升降组件尾段(352)通过对应设置在两侧纵梁(3431)前部的固定架(354)固定在载车板(32)前部的左右两侧，后升降组件尾段(351)通过对应设置在两侧纵梁(3431)后部的固定架(354)连接在载车板(32)后部的左右两侧。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的多层停车装置，其特征在于：所述固定架(354)包括两块竖向固定在纵梁(3431)两侧的固定板(3541)，两块固定板(3541)之间设有横向的链轮轴，适配前后升降链条的换向链轮(3526)套接在所述链轮轴上。
  8. 如权利要求6或7所述的多层停车装置，其特征在于：所述载车板(32)自前向后分为前低后高的车板前端(321)、水平的车板本体(322)；车板前端(321)与车板本体(322)连接处设有减速板(323)，车板本体(322)的后部设有可为车辆定位的挡车杆(324)，载车板(32)的左右两侧向上突出有护边(325)，护边(325)的顶端向外突出有水平的耳板(326)，耳板(326)上横向开有若干个长圆形的连接孔(3261)，升降系统(35)的底部通过连接孔(3261)固定在耳板(326)上。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的多层停车装置，其特征在于：所述载车板(32)上对应前升降组件尾段(352)设有拉杆安装座(327)，所述拉杆安装座(327)对应连接孔(3261)设置在耳板(326)的下方，包括两块垂直载车板(32)长度方向竖向设置的竖板(3271)，竖板(3271)上对应开有上端向外、下端向内的限位孔(3272)，所述限位孔(3272)为纵截面为长圆形的斜孔；
    所述前升降组件尾段(352)自上而下包括前升降链条尾段(3521)、短拉杆(3522)以及与短拉杆(3522)铰接的调节拉杆(3523)，调节拉杆(3523)的下端设有销轴孔(3525)，可沿限位孔(3272)上下移动的销轴组件(3524)穿过销轴孔(3525)将调节拉杆(3523)连接在限位孔(3272)中，所述调节拉杆(3523)在销轴组件(3524)位于限位孔(3272)上端时竖直、在销轴组件(3524)位于限位孔(3272)下端时其顶端沿限位孔(3272)向外倾斜。
  10. 如权利要求2～8任一项所述的多层停车装置，其特征在于：所述升降通道(1)与底层停车单元(2)之间设有防护栏(5)，升降通道(1)的前端设有可反复升降的防护门(6)。
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