WO2018075963A1

WO2018075963A1 - Demodulation reference signal structure and contention-based physical uplink shared channel

Info

Publication number: WO2018075963A1
Application number: PCT/US2017/057724
Authority: WO
Inventors: Yushu Zhang; Gang Xiong; Alexei Davydov; Seok Chul Kwon; Yuan Zhu; Hui Guo; Hong He; Min Huang; Ye Wu
Original assignee: Intel IP Corporation
Priority date: 2016-10-21
Filing date: 2017-10-20
Publication date: 2018-04-26

Abstract

Described is an apparatus of a User Equipment (UE). The apparatus may comprise a first circuitry and a second circuitry. The first circuitry may be operable to establish a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) frequency-hopping configuration. The second circuitry may be operable to generate a front-loaded Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol carrying DMRS in a first pattern. The second circuitry may also be operable to generate an additional OFDM symbol carrying DMRS in a second pattern.

Description

DEMODULATION REFERENCE SIGNAL STRUCTURE AND

CONTENTION-BASED PHYSICAL UPLINK SHARED CHANNEL

CLAIM OF PRIORITY

[0001] The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) to United

States Provisional Patent Application Serial Number 62/411,293 filed October 21, 2016 and entitled "DMRS STRUCTURE TO SUPPORT INTERFERENCE RANDOMIZATION," and claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 365(c) to Patent Cooperation Treaty International Patent Application Number PCT/CN2016/104464 filed November 3, 2016 and entitled

"CONTENTION BASED PUSCH IN NR," which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.

BACKGROUND

[0002] A variety of wireless cellular communication systems have been implemented, including a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3 GPP) Universal Mobile

Telecommunications System, a 3GPP Long-Term Evolution (LTE) system, and a 3GPP LTE- Advanced (LTE-A) system. Next-generation wireless cellular communication systems based upon LTE and LTE-A systems are being developed, such as a fifth generation (5G) wireless system / 5G mobile networks system. Next-generation wireless cellular communication systems may provide support for higher bandwidths in part by supporting higher carrier frequencies, such as centimeter- wave and millimeter-wave frequencies. Next-generation wireless cellular communication systems may provide support for higher bandwidths in part by supporting beamforming.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0003] The embodiments of the disclosure will be understood more fully from the detailed description given below and from the accompanying drawings of various embodiments of the disclosure. However, while the drawings are to aid in explanation and understanding, they are only an aid, and should not be taken to limit the disclosure to the specific embodiments depicted therein.

[0004] Fig. 1 illustrates scenarios of Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) for various frame structures, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure.

[0005] Fig. 2 illustrates scenarios of DMRS for various frame structures, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. l [0006] Fig. 3 illustrates a protocol diagram for Contention-Based (CB) Physical

Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) allocation in New Radio (NR), in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure.

[0007] Fig. 4 illustrates an Evolved Node B (eNB) and a User Equipment (UE), in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure.

[0008] Fig. 5 illustrates hardware processing circuitries for a UE for enabling interference randomization for DMRS, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure.

[0009] Fig. 6 illustrates hardware processing circuitries for an eNB for enabling CB

5G PUSCH (or PUSCH) transmission in 5G systems or NR systems, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure.

[0010] Fig. 7 illustrates methods for a UE for enabling interference randomization for

DMRS, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure.

[0011] Fig. 8 illustrates methods for a UE for enabling interference randomization for

DMRS, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure.

[0012] Fig. 9 illustrates methods for an eNB for enabling CB 5G PUSCH (or

PUSCH) transmission in 5G systems or NR systems, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure.

[0013] Fig. 10 illustrates example components of a device, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure.

[0014] Fig. 11 illustrates example interfaces of baseband circuitry, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] Various wireless cellular communication systems have been implemented or are being proposed, including a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), a 3GPP Long-Term Evolution (LTE) system, a 3GPP LTE-Advanced system, and a 5th Generation wireless system / 5th Generation mobile networks (5G) system / 5th Generation new radio (NR) system.

[0016] Some proposed cellular communication systems may incorporate radio frequencies including one or more frequency bands between 30 gigahertz and 300 gigahertz. Corresponding with radio wavelengths from 10 millimeter (mm) to 1 mm, such

communication systems may sometimes be referred to as millimeter wave (mmWave) systems. Next-generation wireless cellular communication systems may provide support for higher bandwidths in part by supporting beamforming.

[0017] With respect to a first aspect of the embodiments, front-loaded Demodulation

Reference Signal (DMRS) may be utilized in 5G systems or NR systems to reduce decoding latencies. Front-loaded DMRS may be located in one or more symbols (e.g., Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols) before a data channel. To support highspeed cases in which Doppler frequency offsets may be relatively high, one or more additional DMRS symbols may be added (e.g., in a second slot).

[0018] In long Transmission Time Interval (TTI) transmissions, a User Equipment

(UE) may be configured to transmit a data channel in multiple slots. DMRS may then be added in some slots to estimate the channel, to estimate interference, or both. There may also be an additional DMRS symbol in a short TTI transmission, which may be used for a UE-to- UE interference estimation (e.g., for an Interference Rejection Combining (IRC) receiver). For the Uplink (UL), if a network is synchronized, a second symbol (e.g., a second OFDM symbol) may be a Guard Period (GP), and interference observed in the first DMRS symbol might not represent a total interference observed in the data symbol.

[0019] Fig. 1 illustrates scenarios of DMRS for various frame structures, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. In a first scenario 110 (which may correspond with a short TTI at a lower speed with two DMRS symbols), a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) 111 may be followed by a first DMRS 112, a second DMRS 113, a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) 114, a GP 117, and/or a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) 118. In a second scenario 120 (which may correspond with a short TTI at higher speed), a PDCCH 121 may be followed by a first DMRS 122, a first PDSCH 124, a second DMRS 123, a second PDSCH 125, a GP 127, and/or a PUCCH 128. In a third scenario 130 (which may correspond with a long TTI), a PUCCH 131 may be followed by a first DMRS 132, a first PDSCH 134, a second DMRS 133, a second PDSCH 135, a GP 137, and/or a PUCCH 138.

[0020] Randomization of interference observed in DMRS symbols in high speed cases and in long TTI cases may advantageously enhance a channel estimation performance. Disclosed herein are various mechanisms and methods for enabling interference

randomization for DMRS. Some embodiments may incorporate various DMRS sequence- generation schemes. Some embodiments may incorporate control signaling to support interference randomization. [0021] With respect to a second aspect of the embodiments, multiple components may contribute to a total end-to-end delay for connected UEs. One such component may be UL latency, the impact of which may be advantageously alleviated with pre-scheduling. However, an assigned UL grant may be wasted if a UE has no available data transmitted during a pre-scheduling interval, the impact of which may then in turn be alleviated by Contention-Based (CB) Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) transmission.

Meanwhile, depending upon the design, massive MIMO systems might not be able to directly utilize CB PUSCH transmission. Moreover, significant changes in 5G systems or NR systems (such as Downlink/Uplink frame structures, UL Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) feedback schemes, beamforming methods, new reference signal (RS) patterns, and so on) may raise concerns regarding the optimization of 5G systems or NR systems working with CB PUSCH transmissions.

[0022] For example, in 5G or NR multi-antenna transmission system, one 5G

PDCCH (xPDCCH) or PDCCH may be transmitted with a particular beam. Accordingly, if one xPDCCH (or PDCCH) is used to allocate a resource for CB 5G PUSCH (xPUSCH) or PUSCH, various embodiments may be disposed to apply the beam and define a search space for multiple UEs within the beam.

[0023] As another example, a DMRS resource (such as a cyclic shift and/or an

Orthogonal Cover Code (OCC)) may be used to distinguish UEs occupying the same frequency resource at the same time. Accordingly, various embodiments may be disposed to define the UE behavior to select a DMRS resource associated with a CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH).

[0024] As a further example, in a 5G system or NR system, there may be no Physical

HARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH), and a UE that sends a CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH) might not be able to determine an Acknowledge (ACK) or Negative- Acknowledge (NACK) status for the xPUSCH (or PUSCH). Accordingly, various embodiments may be disposed to define a HARQ mechanism for the CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH).

[0025] Disclosed herein are methods and mechanisms for enabling CB xPUSCH (or

PUSCH) transmission in 5G systems or NR systems (e.g., UE-based mechanisms). The disclosed mechanisms and methods may advantageously reduce UL latency in 5G systems or NR systems. For example, the methods and mechanisms disclosed herein may support beam- specific CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH) transmission for 5G systems or NR systems, including detailed Downlink Control Information (DCI) format design for CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH) transmission, HARQ-ACK feedback, and xPUSCH (or PUSCH) retransmission. [0026] In the following description, numerous details are discussed to provide a more thorough explanation of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art, however, that embodiments of the present disclosure may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form, rather than in detail, in order to avoid obscuring embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0027] Note that in the corresponding drawings of the embodiments, signals are represented with lines. Some lines may be thicker, to indicate a greater number of constituent signal paths, and/or have arrows at one or more ends, to indicate a direction of information flow. Such indications are not intended to be limiting. Rather, the lines are used in connection with one or more exemplary embodiments to facilitate easier understanding of a circuit or a logical unit. Any represented signal, as dictated by design needs or preferences, may actually comprise one or more signals that may travel in either direction and may be implemented with any suitable type of signal scheme.

[0028] Throughout the specification, and in the claims, the term "connected" means a direct electrical, mechanical, or magnetic connection between the things that are connected, without any intermediary devices. The term "coupled" means either a direct electrical, mechanical, or magnetic connection between the things that are connected or an indirect connection through one or more passive or active intermediary devices. The term "circuit" or "module" may refer to one or more passive and/or active components that are arranged to cooperate with one another to provide a desired function. The term "signal" may refer to at least one current signal, voltage signal, magnetic signal, or data/clock signal. The meaning of "a," "an," and "the" include plural references. The meaning of "in" includes "in" and "on."

[0029] The terms "substantially," "close," "approximately," "near," and "about" generally refer to being within +/- 10% of a target value. Unless otherwise specified the use of the ordinal adjectives "first," "second," and "third," etc., to describe a common object, merely indicate that different instances of like objects are being referred to, and are not intended to imply that the objects so described must be in a given sequence, either temporally, spatially, in ranking, or in any other manner.

[0030] It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are, for example, capable of operation in other orientations than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. [0031] The terms "left," "right," "front," "back," "top," "bottom," "over," "under," and the like in the description and in the claims, if any, are used for descriptive purposes and not necessarily for describing permanent relative positions.

[0032] For purposes of the embodiments, the transistors in various circuits, modules, and logic blocks are Tunneling FETs (TFETs). Some transistors of various embodiments may comprise metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistors, which include drain, source, gate, and bulk terminals. The transistors may also include Tri-Gate and FinFET transistors, Gate All Around Cylindrical Transistors, Square Wire, or Rectangular Ribbon Transistors or other devices implementing transistor functionality like carbon nanotubes or spintronic devices. MOSFET symmetrical source and drain terminals i.e., are identical terminals and are interchangeably used here. A TFET device, on the other hand, has asymmetric Source and Drain terminals. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other transistors, for example, Bi-polar junction transistors-BJT PNP/NPN, BiCMOS, CMOS, etc., may be used for some transistors without departing from the scope of the disclosure.

[0033] For the purposes of the present disclosure, the phrases "A and/or B" and "A or

B" mean (A), (B), or (A and B). For the purposes of the present disclosure, the phrase "A, B, and/or C" means (A), (B), (C), (A and B), (A and C), (B and C), or (A, B and C).

[0034] In addition, the various elements of combinatorial logic and sequential logic discussed in the present disclosure may pertain both to physical structures (such as AND gates, OR gates, or XOR gates), or to synthesized or otherwise optimized collections of devices implementing the logical structures that are Boolean equivalents of the logic under discussion.

[0035] In addition, for purposes of the present disclosure, the term "eNB" may refer to a legacy LTE capable Evolved Node-B (eNB), a next-generation or 5G capable eNB, a centimeter-wave (cmWave) capable eNB or a cmWave small cell, a millimeter-wave (mmWave) capable eNB or an mmWave small cell, an Access Point (AP), and/or another base station for a wireless communication system. The term "gNB" may refer to a 5G- capable or NR-capable eNB. For purposes of the present disclosure, the term "UE" may refer to a legacy LTE capable UE, an mmWave capable UE, a cmWave capable UE, a Station (STA), and/or another mobile equipment for a wireless communication system. The term "UE" may also refer to a next-generation or 5G capable UE.

[0036] Various embodiments of eNBs and/or UEs discussed below may process one or more transmissions of various types. Some processing of a transmission may comprise demodulating, decoding, detecting, parsing, and/or otherwise handling a transmission that has been received. In some embodiments, an eNB or UE processing a transmission may determine or recognize the transmission's type and/or a condition associated with the transmission. For some embodiments, an eNB or UE processing a transmission may act in accordance with the transmission's type, and/or may act conditionally based upon the transmission's type. An eNB or UE processing a transmission may also recognize one or more values or fields of data carried by the transmission. Processing a transmission may comprise moving the transmission through one or more layers of a protocol stack (which may be implemented in, e.g., hardware and/or software-configured elements), such as by moving a transmission that has been received by an eNB or a UE through one or more layers of a protocol stack.

[0037] Various embodiments of eNBs and/or UEs discussed below may also generate one or more transmissions of various types. Some generating of a transmission may comprise modulating, encoding, formatting, assembling, and/or otherwise handling a transmission that is to be transmitted. In some embodiments, an eNB or UE generating a transmission may establish the transmission's type and/or a condition associated with the transmission. For some embodiments, an eNB or UE generating a transmission may act in accordance with the transmission's type, and/or may act conditionally based upon the transmission's type. An eNB or UE generating a transmission may also determine one or more values or fields of data carried by the transmission. Generating a transmission may comprise moving the transmission through one or more layers of a protocol stack (which may be implemented in, e.g., hardware and/or software-configured elements), such as by moving a transmission to be sent by an eNB or a UE through one or more layers of a protocol stack.

[0038] In various embodiments, resources may span various Resource Blocks (RBs),

Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs), and/or time periods (e.g., frames, subframes, and/or slots) of a wireless communication system. In some contexts, allocated resources (e.g., channels, Orthogonal Frequency -Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, subcarrier frequencies, resource elements (REs), and/or portions thereof) may be formatted for (and prior to) transmission over a wireless communication link. In other contexts, allocated resources (e.g., channels, OFDM symbols, subcarrier frequencies, REs, and/or portions thereof) may be detected from (and subsequent to) reception over a wireless communication link.

[0039] Various embodiments may generate DMRS in various ways. In accordance with a first type of embodiments, DMRS may be generated corresponding with Interleaved Single Carrier Frequency-Division Multiple-Access (IFDMA), either with OCC or without OCC. In accordance with a second type of embodiments, DMRS may be generated corresponding with blockwise sequence with cyclic shifts.

[0040] For the first type of embodiments, DMRS for different antenna ports may be distinguished by different OCC codes or different comb offsets. For the second type of embodiments, DMRS for different antenna ports may be distinguished by different cyclic shifts.

[0041] In cases in which a Zadoff-Chu sequence or a computer generated sequence is used for DMRS sequence generation, a base sequence and/or a root index may be the same for DMRS symbols within the same slot (e.g., for high-speed scenarios), and/or across multiple slots (e.g., for scenarios in which multiple slot scheduling is employed).

[0042] In some embodiments, to enable the interference randomization, DMRS for additional DMRS symbols within the same slot or across multiple slots may be determined by the first DMRS symbol and some hopping schemes. Fig. 2 illustrates scenarios of DMRS for various frame structures, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. In a first scenario 210 (which may correspond with a short TTI at a lower speed with two DMRS symbols), a PDCCH 211 may be followed by a first DMRS 212, a second DMRS 213, a PDSCH 214, a GP 217, and/or a PUCCH 218. In a second scenario 220 (which may correspond with a short TTI at higher speed), a PDCCH 221 may be followed by a first DMRS 222, a first PDSCH 224, a second DMRS 223, a second PDSCH 225, a GP 227, and/or a PUCCH 228. In a third scenario 230 (which may correspond with a long TTI), a PUCCH 231 may be followed by a first DMRS 232, a first PDSCH 234, a second DMRS 233, a second PDSCH 235, a GP 237, and/or a PUCCH 238.

[0043] In various embodiments, hopping (e.g., frequency hopping) may be incorporated in an additional DMRS symbol to support interference randomization. For example, the additional DMRS symbol may be second DMRS 213 of scenario 210, second DMRS 223 of scenario 220, and/or second DMRS 233 of scenario 230.

[0044] For the first type of embodiments, for IFDMA-based DMRS, a comb offset of one antenna port for an additional DMRS symbol within the same slot or across multiple slots may be calculated as follows:

Where: x₀ may denote a comb offset of the same antenna port in the first DMRS symbol; n_s may indicate a slot index or a symbol index; n_ID may refer to a cell ID or a virtual cell ID; and /() may be a hash function which can be pre-defined (or otherwise predetermined) and which may be partially configured by higher-layer signaling.

[0045] In some embodiments, if IFDMA with a repetition factor of 2 is used for

DMRS, comb offsets for two DMRS symbols may be swapped (e.g., may toggle between two or more comb offset values). For example, a first comb offset (e.g., a comb offset of "0") may be used for a first DMRS symbol, a second comb offset (e.g., a comb offset of "1") may be used for a second DMRS symbol, the first comb offset may be used for a third DMRS symbol, and so on.

[0046] For the second type of embodiments, for blockwise based DMRS, cyclic shift hopping may be utilized in additional symbols to support interference randomization. A cyclic shift of one antenna port for an additional DMRS symbol within each block may be calculated as follows:

Ncs.k = f(N_CSi0, n_s, n_ID)

Where N_{cs 0} may indicate a cyclic shift for the first DMRS symbol in the same antenna port.

[0047] In one example, a fixed offset between two DMRS symbols may be defined as follows:

N_CS,k = N_cs,o + k - A_cs

Where A_cs may be a predetermined cyclic shift offset, which may be predefined by specification (or otherwise predetermined), or may be configured by higher layers via an NR or 5G Master Information Block (xMIB), an NR or 5G System Information Block (xSIB), or Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling.

[0048] In some examples, regardless of which DMRS sequence is used, an antenna port index hopping may be used for one or more additional DMRS symbols. A number of antenna ports for the additional DMRS symbols may be the same as that for the first DMRS symbol. A new antenna port index may be calculated as follows:

Where I_{AP 0} may indicate an antenna port index used in the first DMRS symbol.

[0049] For some embodiments, the enabling or disabling of hopping for the additional

DMRS symbols may be pre-defined (or otherwise predetermined), or configured by higher- layer signaling, or configured by DCI. In various embodiments, hopping for different types of additional DMRS symbols (e.g., of the various scenarios of Fig. 2) may be configured independently. [0050] In some embodiments, as channel estimation is performed at the symbol level, different DMRS generation schemes may be utilized in different DMRS symbols. For example, IFDMA-based DMRS may be used in a first symbol, and blockwise-based DMRS may be used for an additional DMRS symbol. Different DMRS generation schemes may be pre-defined (or otherwise predetermined), or may be configured by higher-layer signaling, or may be configured by DCI.

[0051] In some embodiments, for the SPS or TTI bundling transmission, which can allow multiple data transmission in discontinuous or continuous slots, the above DMRS hopping schemes can be applied to different slots. As yet another extension, for Semi- Persistent Scheduling (SPS) based data transmission, a comb offset hopping or a cyclic shift hopping may be defined as a function of one or more of the following parameters: a physical cell ID; a virtual cell ID; a symbol index; a slot index; and/or a UE Identifier (ID) (e.g., a Cell Radio Network Temporary Identifier (C-RNTI)).

[0052] In various embodiments, the DMRS hopping methods disclosed herein may be used for UL transmission and/or for Downlink (DL) transmission.

[0053] Fig. 3 illustrates a protocol diagram for CB PUSCH allocation in NR, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. A scenario 300 may comprise an eNB 301 and a UE 302 in wireless communication with each other.

[0054] In a first portion 310 of scenario 300, xPUSCH (or PUSCH) may be allocated, and a DMRS resource may be selected from a DMRS sub-pool to a UE group with a beam. A part of an xPUSCH (or PUSCH) resource (like a PRB) and its associated DMRS resource (like a cyclic shift, an OCC, and/or one or more REs) may be separately reserved as the pool for CB PUSCH transmission. The pool may be divided into one or more sub-pools, and a sub-pool may be assigned to one UE group. In turn, the UE group may be covered by a massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) beam. In some embodiments, UE groups associated with non-adjacent beams may share identical xPUSCH (or PUSCH) and DMRS resource sub-pools, while for some embodiments, UE groups with adjacent beams may use different xPUSCH (or PUSCH) and DMRS resource sub-pools.

[0055] For various embodiments, scheduling information on an xPUSCH (or

PUSCH) transmission may be sent to the UEs via broadcast System Information (SI), dedicated RRC messaging, and/or DCI in xPDCCH (or PDCCH). For DCI transfer, an RNTI value (which may be termed beam-RNTI) may be assigned to each group of UEs that are covered by a beam. Different UE groups may be assigned with different beam-RNTI values, by which a UE (e.g., UE 302) may identify its own data transfer grant message from xPDCCH (or PDCCH).

[0056] In a second portion 320 of scenario 300, a CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH) may be transmitted in an arbitrarily-selected xPUSCH (or PUSCH), and a DMRS resource may be selected out of the sub-pool in accordance with the beam. When a UE (e.g., UE 302) has UL data to transfer, it may select an xPUSCH (or PUSCH) resource and one DMRS resource from the pool that is allocated to its UE group with a beam, and may transmit UL data without sending a scheduling request.

[0057] In a third portion 330 of scenario 300, an ACK/NACK feedback may be indicated on a beam-RNTI. A UE (e.g., UE 302) may monitor HARQ feedback in an xPDCCH (or PDCCH) which may be addressed with the beam-RNTI to identify whether the CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH) is successfully received or not. ACK/NACK information in xPDCCH (or PDCCH) may be indexed with the xPUSCH (or PUSCH) and DMRS resources.

[0058] In a new Radio Access Technology (RAT), an eNB (e.g., eNB 301) may generate a plurality of narrow beams to increase a received power, and thereby allow for higher data rates for a given UE (e.g., UE 302). In addition, one or more UEs (e.g., each UE of a set of UEs) may select one beam with a highest Beam Reference Signal Receiving Power (BRS-RP), which may be based on a measurement of a received Beam Reference Signal (BRS) power.

[0059] In some embodiments, there may be a total of N orthogonal DMRS resources in the system, which may include different type of cyclic shifts and OCC codes. For some embodiments, the DMRS resource reserved for CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH) may be configured to a UE by means of a DCI, or higher layer signaling. In some embodiments, the DMRS resource reserved for CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH) may be broadcast to a group of UEs to minimize a signaling overhead through an xMIB and/or one or more xSIBs.

[0060] For example, an eNB may use the last N/2 DMRS resources (e.g., the last half of the DMRS resources) for CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH) transmission, and may use the first N/2 DMRS resources (e.g., the first half of the DMRS resources) for normal xPUSCH (or PUSCH) transmission. In some embodiments, an eNB may configure the RBs used for CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH) transmissions by higher layer signaling, or by DCI. The DCI format may be a dedicated DCI format intended for a particular UE, or may be a UE group specific DCI format for a group of UEs to signal the CB PUSCH resources. [0061] In some embodiments, a configuration for CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH) may also be indicated to the UE. The configuration may comprise power control parameters (e.g., a transmit power, a receive power, and so on), and/or frequency hopping parameters.

[0062] In 5G systems or NR systems, PHICH might not be used. For dynamic xPUSCH (or PUSCH) transmission, there might be no issue if specific scheduling information is provided by an eNB, which may be associated with reception of the UL transmission. For example, an adaptive CB PUSCH retransmission UL HARQ may rely in some embodiments on eNB scheduling information. However, a UE may have no way to know of the xPUSCH (or PUSCH) reception, thereby performing a corresponding HARQ operation if no HARQ feedback information for the prior UL transmission is provided by the eNB. The eNB may miss the UL transmission, or may successfully decode it without need for retransmission afterward. Thus, feedback of a UL CB transmission may be advantageous for enabling CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH) retransmission. In some embodiments, it may be carried on xPDCCH (or PDCCH). The retransmission of initial CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH) may be either a CB transmission or a dynamic transmission in a non-CB way.

[0063] For some embodiments, a UE may have UL data for transmission, and it may monitor a set of xPDCCH (or PDCCH) candidates used for CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH) scheduling, which may be determined based at least on a beam-RNTI. In turn, the beam- RNTI may be determined based at least on a beam index which may be one-to-one mapped to a BRS index. Alternatively, an aggregated beam may be applied to the xPDCCH (or PDCCH), by which the overhead of xPDCCH (or PDCCH) may be reduced. The beam- RNTI may then be determined by a beam index of an aggregated beam. Whether xPDCCH (or PDCCH) is transmitted by one beam or by aggregated beams may be configured by higher-layer signaling.

[0064] For some embodiments, the content of an xPDCCH (or PDCCH) may contain part or all of the following information: one or more candidate DMRS resources used for CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH); an RB assignment for CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH) transmission; a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) and/or redundancy version as applicable for CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH) transmission; a HARQ Process ID for current CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH) transmission; and/or ACK/NACK for the last CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH). For some embodiments, a UE may override an MCS if it has its own link adaptation result for CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH) transmission.

[0065] The selection of DMRS resources may be designed to advantageously reduce a CB collision probability. For example, in some embodiments, a DMRS resource may be determined based on a combination of a C-RNTI of each UE and a subframe index. For some embodiments, a UE may randomly select a DMRS resource within the possible DMRS resources (which may be indicated by DCI or higher layers).

[0066] In some embodiments, DMRS resources indicated by DCI may be divided into two parts to indicate the desirability of additional UL resources to an eNB. If a UE selects DMRS resources in the first part, that may signify that the UE does not have additional bits to transmit, and the eNB may not schedule the UE if the CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH) is decoded correctly. Otherwise, it may signify that the UE has additional bits to transmit, and the eNB may be requested to schedule more UL resources for the UE to transmit xPUSCH (or PUSCH).

[0067] For some embodiments, only rank 1 transmissions may be permitted for CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH), so that each UE may merely use rank 1 precoder and 1 DMRS resource. The UE may select a precoder randomly, or based on a measured DL channel if DL-UL channel reciprocity is maintained (e.g., in a TDD system).

[0068] In some embodiments, a size or number of bits of an ACK/NACK information element (IE) for the last CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH) may have the same size as a DMRS resource in the last DCI using the same beam-RNTI. Each bit may then represent an ACK/NACK status for an associated CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH) using each DMRS resource in the last CB xPUSCH (or PUSCH) transmissions indicated by the same beam-RNTI based DCI.

[0069] For example, an eNB may reserve four DMRS resources for CB transmission in the last DCI with the same beam-RNTI. A UE having UL data may select the first DMRS resource for xPUSCH (or PUSCH) transmission. After eNB detection, HARQ-ACK results may be fulfilled (e.g., such as [0, 1, 0, 0], or via a string of bits) and converted to a group of UEs using a DCI format of the same beam-RNTI. After receiving this DCI format, a UE may determine that UL data for the UE is not successfully decoded (e.g., NACK and/or

Discontinuous Transmission (DTX)). On the other hand, the xPUSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted by another UE using the second DMRS resource may be decoded successfully.

[0070] In another embodiment, a UE that is disposed to re-transmit the CB xPUSCH may wait for the eNB to schedule a normal xPUSCH transmission or transmit the CB xPUSCH after a number of subframes n. The value of n may be randomly selected within a range which may be predefined by the system (e.g., by specification, or otherwise predetermined), or may be configured by higher layer signaling. [0071] Fig. 4 illustrates an eNB and a UE, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. Fig. 4 includes block diagrams of an eNB 410 and a UE 430 which are operable to co-exist with each other and other elements of an LTE network. High-level, simplified architectures of eNB 410 and UE 430 are described so as not to obscure the embodiments. It should be noted that in some embodiments, eNB 410 may be a stationary non-mobile device.

[0072] eNB 410 is coupled to one or more antennas 405, and UE 430 is similarly coupled to one or more antennas 425. However, in some embodiments, eNB 410 may incorporate or comprise antennas 405, and UE 430 in various embodiments may incorporate or comprise antennas 425.

[0073] In some embodiments, antennas 405 and/or antennas 425 may comprise one or more directional or omni-directional antennas, including monopole antennas, dipole antennas, loop antennas, patch antennas, microstrip antennas, coplanar wave antennas, or other types of antennas suitable for transmission of RF signals. In some MIMO (multiple-input and multiple output) embodiments, antennas 405 are separated to take advantage of spatial diversity.

[0074] eNB 410 and UE 430 are operable to communicate with each other on a network, such as a wireless network. eNB 410 and UE 430 may be in communication with each other over a wireless communication channel 450, which has both a downlink path from eNB 410 to UE 430 and an uplink path from UE 430 to eNB 410.

[0075] As illustrated in Fig. 4, in some embodiments, eNB 410 may include a physical layer circuitry 412, a MAC (media access control) circuitry 414, a processor 416, a memory 418, and a hardware processing circuitry 420. A person skilled in the art will appreciate that other components not shown may be used in addition to the components shown to form a complete eNB.

[0076] In some embodiments, physical layer circuitry 412 includes a transceiver 413 for providing signals to and from UE 430. Transceiver 413 provides signals to and from UEs or other devices using one or more antennas 405. In some embodiments, MAC circuitry 414 controls access to the wireless medium. Memory 418 may be, or may include, a storage media/medium such as a magnetic storage media (e.g., magnetic tapes or magnetic disks), an optical storage media (e.g., optical discs), an electronic storage media (e.g., conventional hard disk drives, solid-state disk drives, or flash-memory-based storage media), or any tangible storage media or non-transitory storage media. Hardware processing circuitry 420 may comprise logic devices or circuitry to perform various operations. In some embodiments, processor 416 and memory 418 are arranged to perform the operations of hardware processing circuitry 420, such as operations described herein with reference to logic devices and circuitry within eNB 410 and/or hardware processing circuitry 420.

[0077] Accordingly, in some embodiments, eNB 410 may be a device comprising an application processor, a memory, one or more antenna ports, and an interface for allowing the application processor to communicate with another device.

[0078] As is also illustrated in Fig. 4, in some embodiments, UE 430 may include a physical layer circuitry 432, a MAC circuitry 434, a processor 436, a memory 438, a hardware processing circuitry 440, a wireless interface 442, and a display 444. A person skilled in the art would appreciate that other components not shown may be used in addition to the components shown to form a complete UE.

[0079] In some embodiments, physical layer circuitry 432 includes a transceiver 433 for providing signals to and from eNB 410 (as well as other eNBs). Transceiver 433 provides signals to and from eNBs or other devices using one or more antennas 425. In some embodiments, MAC circuitry 434 controls access to the wireless medium. Memory 438 may be, or may include, a storage media/medium such as a magnetic storage media (e.g., magnetic tapes or magnetic disks), an optical storage media (e.g., optical discs), an electronic storage media (e.g., conventional hard disk drives, solid-state disk drives, or flash-memory -based storage media), or any tangible storage media or non-transitory storage media. Wireless interface 442 may be arranged to allow the processor to communicate with another device. Display 444 may provide a visual and/or tactile display for a user to interact with UE 430, such as a touch-screen display. Hardware processing circuitry 440 may comprise logic devices or circuitry to perform various operations. In some embodiments, processor 436 and memory 438 may be arranged to perform the operations of hardware processing circuitry 440, such as operations described herein with reference to logic devices and circuitry within UE 430 and/or hardware processing circuitry 440.

[0080] Accordingly, in some embodiments, UE 430 may be a device comprising an application processor, a memory, one or more antennas, a wireless interface for allowing the application processor to communicate with another device, and a touch-screen display.

[0081] Elements of Fig. 4, and elements of other figures having the same names or reference numbers, can operate or function in the manner described herein with respect to any such figures (although the operation and function of such elements is not limited to such descriptions). For example, Figs. 5-6 and 10-11 also depict embodiments of eNBs, hardware processing circuitry of eNBs, UEs, and/or hardware processing circuitry of UEs, and the embodiments described with respect to Fig. 4 and Figs. 5-6 and 10-11 can operate or function in the manner described herein with respect to any of the figures.

[0082] In addition, although eNB 410 and UE 430 are each described as having several separate functional elements, one or more of the functional elements may be combined and may be implemented by combinations of software-configured elements and/or other hardware elements. In some embodiments of this disclosure, the functional elements can refer to one or more processes operating on one or more processing elements. Examples of software and/or hardware configured elements include Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more microprocessors, DSPs, Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFICs), and so on.

[0083] Fig. 5 illustrates hardware processing circuitries for a UE for enabling interference randomization for DMRS, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. With reference to Fig. 4, a UE may include various hardware processing circuitries discussed herein (such as hardware processing circuitry 500), which may in turn comprise logic devices and/or circuitry operable to perform various operations. For example, in Fig. 4, UE 430 (or various elements or components therein, such as hardware processing circuitry 440, or combinations of elements or components therein) may include part of, or all of, these hardware processing circuitries.

[0084] In some embodiments, one or more devices or circuitries within these hardware processing circuitries may be implemented by combinations of software-configured elements and/or other hardware elements. For example, processor 436 (and/or one or more other processors which UE 430 may comprise), memory 438, and/or other elements or components of UE 430 (which may include hardware processing circuitry 440) may be arranged to perform the operations of these hardware processing circuitries, such as operations described herein with reference to devices and circuitry within these hardware processing circuitries. In some embodiments, processor 436 (and/or one or more other processors which UE 430 may comprise) may be a baseband processor.

[0085] Returning to Fig. 5, an apparatus of UE 430 (or another UE or mobile handset), which may be operable to communicate with one or more eNBs on a wireless network, may comprise hardware processing circuitry 500. In some embodiments, hardware processing circuitry 500 may comprise one or more antenna ports 505 operable to provide various transmissions over a wireless communication channel (such as wireless

communication channel 450). Antenna ports 505 may be coupled to one or more antennas 507 (which may be antennas 425). In some embodiments, hardware processing circuitry 500 may incorporate antennas 507, while in other embodiments, hardware processing circuitry 500 may merely be coupled to antennas 507.

[0086] Antenna ports 505 and antennas 507 may be operable to provide signals from a UE to a wireless communications channel and/or an eNB, and may be operable to provide signals from an eNB and/or a wireless communications channel to a UE. For example, antenna ports 505 and antennas 507 may be operable to provide transmissions from UE 430 to wireless communication channel 450 (and from there to eNB 410, or to another eNB). Similarly, antennas 507 and antenna ports 505 may be operable to provide transmissions from a wireless communication channel 450 (and beyond that, from eNB 410, or another eNB) to UE 430.

[0087] Hardware processing circuitry 500 may comprise various circuitries operable in accordance with the various embodiments discussed herein. With reference to Fig. 5, hardware processing circuitry 500 may comprise a first circuitry 510, a second circuitry 520, and/or a third circuitry 530.

[0088] In various embodiments, first circuitry 510 may be operable to establish a

DMRS frequency -hopping configuration. Second circuitry 510 may be operable to generate a front-loaded OFDM symbol carrying DMRS in a first partem. Second circuitry 510 may also be operable to generate an additional OFDM symbol carrying DMRS in a second pattern. The second pattern may be offset from the first pattern in accordance with the DMRS frequency hopping configuration. First circuitry 510 may be operable to provide the DMRS frequency -hopping configuration to second circuitry 520 via an interface 512.

Hardware processing circuitry 500 may also comprise an interface for sending the front- loaded OFDM symbol and the additional OFDM symbol to a transmission circuitry.

[0089] There may be more than one front-loaded OFDM symbol carrying DMRS (in the first partem or one or more other patterns). There may be more than one additional OFDM symbol carrying DMRS (in the second pattern offset from the first pattern in accordance with a DMRS frequency hopping configuration, or in one or more other patterns offset from the first partem in accordance with one or more DMRS frequency hopping configurations).

[0090] In some embodiments, the DMRS frequency -hopping configuration may be a comb hopping configuration based in part on one or more of a cell ID, a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index. For some embodiments, a first cyclic shift of the front-loaded OFDM symbol may be different than a second cyclic shift of the additional OFDM symbol. In some embodiments, the DMRS frequency -hopping configuration may be a cyclic shift hopping configuration based in part on one or more of a cell ID, a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index.

[0091] For some embodiments, the front-loaded DMRS symbol may be in a first slot and the additional DMRS symbol may be in the same slot after the front-loaded DMRS symbol. For some embodiments, the front-loaded DMRS symbol may be in a first slot and the additional DMRS symbol may be in a second slot different from the first slot. In some embodiments, the front-loaded DMRS symbol may have a first DMRS sequence and the additional DMRS symbol may have a second DMRS sequence different from the first DMRS sequence. For some embodiments, the front-loaded DMRS symbol may have a first resource mapping scheme and the additional DMRS symbol may have a second resource mapping scheme different from the first resource mapping scheme.

[0092] In various embodiments, first circuitry 510 may be operable to establish a

DMRS frequency-hopping configuration. Third circuitry 530 may be operable to process a front-loaded OFDM symbol carrying DMRS in a first pattern. Third circuitry 530 may also be operable to process an additional OFDM symbol carrying DMRS in a second pattern. The second partem may be offset from the first pattern in accordance with the DMRS frequency hopping configuration. First circuitry 510 may be operable to provide the DMRS frequency- hopping configuration to third circuitry 530 via an interface 513. Hardware processing circuity 500 may also comprise an interface for receiving the front-loaded OFDM symbol and the additional OFDM symbol from a receiving circuitry.

[0093] There may be more than one front-loaded OFDM symbol carrying DMRS (in the first partem or one or more other patterns). There may be more than one additional OFDM symbol carrying DMRS (in the second pattern offset from the first pattern in accordance with a DMRS frequency hopping configuration, or in one or more other patterns offset from the first partem in accordance with one or more DMRS frequency hopping configurations).

[0094] In some embodiments, the DMRS frequency -hopping configuration may be a comb hopping configuration based in part on one or more of a cell ID, a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index. For some embodiments, a first cyclic shift of the front-loaded OFDM symbol may be different than a second cyclic shift of the additional OFDM symbol. In some embodiments, the DMRS frequency -hopping configuration may be a cyclic shift hopping configuration based in part on one or more of a cell ID, a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index. [0095] For some embodiments, the front-loaded DMRS symbol may be in a first slot and the additional DMRS symbol may be in the same slot after the front-loaded DMRS symbol. For some embodiments, the front-loaded DMRS symbol may be in a first slot and the additional DMRS symbol may be in a second slot different from the first slot. In some embodiments, the front-loaded DMRS symbol may have a first DMRS sequence and the additional DMRS symbol may have a second DMRS sequence different from the first DMRS sequence. For some embodiments, the front-loaded DMRS symbol may have a first resource mapping scheme and the additional DMRS symbol may have a second resource mapping scheme different from the first resource mapping scheme.

[0096] In some embodiments, first circuitry 510, second circuitry 520, and/or third circuitry 530 may be implemented as separate circuitries. In other embodiments, first circuitry 510, second circuitry 520, and/or third circuitry 530 may be combined and implemented together in a circuitry without altering the essence of the embodiments.

[0097] Fig. 6 illustrates hardware processing circuitries for an eNB for enabling CB

5G PUSCH (or PUSCH) transmission in 5G systems or NR systems, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. With reference to Fig. 4, an eNB may include various hardware processing circuitries discussed herein (such as hardware processing circuitry 600), which may in turn comprise logic devices and/or circuitry operable to perform various operations. For example, in Fig. 4, eNB 410 (or various elements or components therein, such as hardware processing circuitry 420, or combinations of elements or components therein) may include part of, or all of, these hardware processing circuitries.

[0098] In some embodiments, one or more devices or circuitries within these hardware processing circuitries may be implemented by combinations of software-configured elements and/or other hardware elements. For example, processor 416 (and/or one or more other processors which eNB 410 may comprise), memory 418, and/or other elements or components of eNB 410 (which may include hardware processing circuitry 420) may be arranged to perform the operations of these hardware processing circuitries, such as operations described herein with reference to devices and circuitry within these hardware processing circuitries. In some embodiments, processor 416 (and/or one or more other processors which eNB 410 may comprise) may be a baseband processor.

[0099] Returning to Fig. 6, an apparatus of eNB 410 (or another eNB or base station), which may be operable to communicate with one or more UEs on a wireless network, may comprise hardware processing circuitry 600. In some embodiments, hardware processing circuitry 600 may comprise one or more antenna ports 605 operable to provide various transmissions over a wireless communication channel (such as wireless communication channel 450). Antenna ports 605 may be coupled to one or more antennas 607 (which may be antennas 405). In some embodiments, hardware processing circuitry 600 may incorporate antennas 607, while in other embodiments, hardware processing circuitry 600 may merely be coupled to antennas 607.

[00100] Antenna ports 605 and antennas 607 may be operable to provide signals from an eNB to a wireless communications channel and/or a UE, and may be operable to provide signals from a UE and/or a wireless communications channel to an eNB. For example, antenna ports 605 and antennas 607 may be operable to provide transmissions from eNB 410 to wireless communication channel 450 (and from there to UE 430, or to another UE).

Similarly, antennas 607 and antenna ports 605 may be operable to provide transmissions from a wireless communication channel 450 (and beyond that, from UE 430, or another UE) to eNB 410.

[00101] Hardware processing circuitry 600 may comprise various circuitries operable in accordance with the various embodiments discussed herein. With reference to Fig. 6, hardware processing circuitry 600 may comprise a first circuitry 610, a second circuitry 620, a third circuitry 630, and/or a fourth circuitry 640. First circuitry 610 may be operable to establish a pool of CB 5G PUSCH resources and DMRS resources associated with the PUSCH resources. Second circuitry 620 may be operable to allocate a first subset of resources of the pool of resources to a first group of one or more UEs of the plurality of UEs, the first subset of resources corresponding with a first MIMO beam. Second circuitry 620 may also be operable to allocate a second subset of resources of the pool of resources to a second group of one or more UEs of the plurality of UEs, the second subset of resources corresponding with a second MIMO beam. First circuitry 610 may be operable to provide information regarding the pool of CB 5G PUSCH resources and/or DMRS resources associated with the PUSCH resources to second circuitry 620 via an interface 612. Hardware processing circuitry 600 may also comprise an interface for sending a transmission for one of the first MIMO beam or the second MIMO beam to a transmission circuitry.

[00102] In some embodiments, third circuitry 630 may be operable to generate a transmission to schedule PUSCH for a UE of the first set of UEs, the transmission comprising one of: broadcast System Information, a RRC message, or DCI. Second circuitry 620 may be operable to provide the first subset of resources and/or the second subset of resources to third circuitry 630 via an interface 622. For some embodiments, fourth circuitry 640 may be operable to process a CB PUSCH in the first subset of resources, the CB PUSCH being received via the first MIMO beam. Second circuitry 620 may be operable to provide the first subset of resources and/or the second subset of resources to fourth circuitry 640 via an interface 624.

[00103] For some embodiments, third circuitry 630 may be operable to generate a 5G

PDCCH DCI carrying a HARQ indicator corresponding to the CB PUSCH. In some embodiments, third circuitry 630 may be operable to generate a transmission to the first group of UEs carrying one or more indicators to configure the first subset of resources of the pool. The one or more indicators are carried by a DCI scrambled with a beam-RNTI, or a higher-layer message.

[00104] In some embodiments, first circuitry 610, second circuitry 620, third circuitry

630, and/or fourth circuitry 640 may be implemented as separate circuitries. In other embodiments, first circuitry 610, second circuitry 620, third circuitry 630, and/or fourth circuitry 640 may be combined and implemented together in a circuitry without altering the essence of the embodiments.

[00105] Fig. 7 illustrates methods for a UE for enabling interference randomization for

DMRS, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. Fig. 8 illustrates methods for a UE for enabling interference randomization for DMRS, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. With reference to Fig. 4, methods that may relate to UE 430 and hardware processing circuitry 440 are discussed herein. Although the actions in the method 700 of Fig. 7 and method 800 of Fig. 8 are shown in a particular order, the order of the actions can be modified. Thus, the illustrated embodiments can be performed in a different order, and some actions may be performed in parallel. Some of the actions and/or operations listed in Figs. 7-8 are optional in accordance with certain embodiments. The numbering of the actions presented is for the sake of clarity and is not intended to prescribe an order of operations in which the various actions must occur. Additionally, operations from the various flows may be utilized in a variety of combinations.

[00106] Moreover, in some embodiments, machine readable storage media may have executable instructions that, when executed, cause UE 430 and/or hardware processing circuitry 440 to perform an operation comprising the methods of Figs. 7-8. Such machine readable storage media may include any of a variety of storage media, like magnetic storage media (e.g., magnetic tapes or magnetic disks), optical storage media (e.g., optical discs), electronic storage media (e.g., conventional hard disk drives, solid-state disk drives, or flash- memory-based storage media), or any other tangible storage media or non-transitory storage media. [00107] In some embodiments, an apparatus may comprise means for performing various actions and/or operations of the methods of Figs. 7-8.

[00108] Returning to Fig. 7, various methods may be in accordance with the various embodiments discussed herein. A method 700 may comprise an establishing 710, a generating 715, and a generating 720. In establishing 710, a DMRS frequency -hopping configuration may be established. In generating 715, a front-loaded OFDM symbol carrying DMRS in a first pattern may be generated. In generating 720, an additional OFDM symbol carrying DMRS in a second partem may be generated. The second pattern may be offset from the first partem in accordance with the DMRS frequency hopping configuration.

[00109] There may be more than one front-loaded OFDM symbol carrying DMRS (in the first partem or one or more other patterns). There may be more than one additional OFDM symbol carrying DMRS (in the second pattern offset from the first pattern in accordance with a DMRS frequency hopping configuration, or in one or more other patterns offset from the first partem in accordance with one or more DMRS frequency hopping configurations).

[00110] In some embodiments, the DMRS frequency -hopping configuration may be a comb hopping configuration based in part on one or more of a cell ID, a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index. For some embodiments, a first cyclic shift of the front-loaded OFDM symbol may be different than a second cyclic shift of the additional OFDM symbol. In some embodiments, the DMRS frequency -hopping configuration may be a cyclic shift hopping configuration based in part on one or more of a cell ID, a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index.

[00111] For some embodiments, the front-loaded DMRS symbol may be in a first slot and the additional DMRS symbol may be in the same slot after the front-loaded DMRS symbol. For some embodiments, the front-loaded DMRS symbol may be in a first slot and the additional DMRS symbol may be in a second slot different from the first slot. In some embodiments, the front-loaded DMRS symbol may have a first DMRS sequence and the additional DMRS symbol may have a second DMRS sequence different from the first DMRS sequence. For some embodiments, the front-loaded DMRS symbol may have a first resource mapping scheme and the additional DMRS symbol may have a second resource mapping scheme different from the first resource mapping scheme.

[00112] Returning to Fig. 8, various methods may be in accordance with the various embodiments discussed herein. A method 800 may comprise an establishing 810, a processing 815, and a processing 820. In establishing 810, a DMRS frequency -hopping configuration may be established. In processing 815, a front-loaded OFDM symbol carrying DMRS in a first pattern may be processed. In processing 820, an additional OFDM symbol carrying DMRS in a second partem may be processed. The second pattern may be offset from the first partem in accordance with the DMRS frequency hopping configuration.

[00113] There may be more than one front-loaded OFDM symbol carrying DMRS (in the first partem or one or more other patterns). There may be more than one additional OFDM symbol carrying DMRS (in the second pattern offset from the first pattern in accordance with a DMRS frequency hopping configuration, or in one or more other patterns offset from the first partem in accordance with one or more DMRS frequency hopping configurations).

[00114] In some embodiments, the DMRS frequency -hopping configuration may be a comb hopping configuration based in part on one or more of a cell ID, a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index. For some embodiments, a first cyclic shift of the front-loaded OFDM symbol may be different than a second cyclic shift of the additional OFDM symbol. In some embodiments, the DMRS frequency -hopping configuration may be a cyclic shift hopping configuration based in part on one or more of a cell ID, a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index.

[00115] For some embodiments, the front-loaded DMRS symbol may be in a first slot and the additional DMRS symbol may be in the same slot after the front-loaded DMRS symbol. For some embodiments, the front-loaded DMRS symbol may be in a first slot and the additional DMRS symbol may be in a second slot different from the first slot. In some embodiments, the front-loaded DMRS symbol may have a first DMRS sequence and the additional DMRS symbol may have a second DMRS sequence different from the first DMRS sequence. For some embodiments, the front-loaded DMRS symbol may have a first resource mapping scheme and the additional DMRS symbol may have a second resource mapping scheme different from the first resource mapping scheme.

[00116] Fig. 9 illustrates methods for an eNB for enabling CB 5G PUSCH (or

PUSCH) transmission in 5G systems or NR systems, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. With reference to Fig. 4, various methods that may relate to eNB 410 and hardware processing circuitry 420 are discussed herein. Although the actions in method 900 are shown in a particular order, the order of the actions can be modified. Thus, the illustrated embodiments can be performed in a different order, and some actions may be performed in parallel. Some of the actions and/or operations listed in Fig. 9 are optional in accordance with certain embodiments. The numbering of the actions presented is for the sake of clarity and is not intended to prescribe an order of operations in which the various actions must occur. Additionally, operations from the various flows may be utilized in a variety of combinations.

[00117] Moreover, in some embodiments, machine readable storage media may have executable instructions that, when executed, cause eNB 410 and/or hardware processing circuitry 420 to perform an operation comprising the methods of Fig. 9. Such machine readable storage media may include any of a variety of storage media, like magnetic storage media (e.g., magnetic tapes or magnetic disks), optical storage media (e.g., optical discs), electronic storage media (e.g., conventional hard disk drives, solid-state disk drives, or flash- memory-based storage media), or any other tangible storage media or non-transitory storage media.

[00118] In some embodiments, an apparatus may comprise means for performing various actions and/or operations of the methods of Fig. 9.

[00119] Returning to Fig. 9, various methods may be in accordance with the various embodiments discussed herein. A method 900 may comprise an establishing 910, an allocating 915, and an allocating 920. Method 900 may also comprise a generating 930, a processing 940, a generating 950, and/or a generating 960.

[00120] In establishing 910, A pool of CB 5G PUSCH resources and DMRS resources associated with the PUSCH resources may be established. In allocating 915, a first subset of resources of the pool of resources may be allocated to a first group of one or more UEs of the plurality of UEs. The first subset of resources may correspond with a first MIMO beam. In allocating 920, a second subset of resources of the pool of resources may be allocated to a second group of one or more UEs of the plurality of UEs. The second subset of resources may correspond with a second MIMO beam.

[00121] In generating 930, a transmission to schedule PUSCH for a UE of the first set of UEs may be generated. The transmission may comprise broadcast System Information, a RRC message, and/or a DCI. In processing 940, a CB PUSCH in the first subset of resources may be processed, the CB PUSCH being received via the first MIMO beam.

[00122] In generating 950, a 5G PDCCH DCI carrying a HARQ indicator

corresponding to the CB PUSCH. In generating 960, a transmission to the first group of UEs may be generated, the transmission carrying one or more indicators to configure the first subset of resources of the pool. The one or more indicators may be carried by a DCI scrambled with a beam-RNTI, or a higher-layer message. [00123] Fig. 10 illustrates example components of a device, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. In some embodiments, the device 1000 may include application circuitry 1002, baseband circuitry 1004, Radio Frequency (RF) circuitry 1006, front-end module (FEM) circuitry 1008, one or more antennas 1010, and power management circuitry (PMC) 1012 coupled together at least as shown. The components of the illustrated device 1000 may be included in a UE or a RAN node. In some embodiments, the device 1000 may include less elements (e.g., a RAN node may not utilize application circuitry 1002, and instead include a processor/controller to process IP data received from an EPC). In some embodiments, the device 1000 may include additional elements such as, for example, memory /storage, display, camera, sensor, or input/output (I/O) interface. In other embodiments, the components described below may be included in more than one device (e.g., said circuitries may be separately included in more than one device for Cloud-RAN (C- RAN) implementations).

[00124] The application circuitry 1002 may include one or more application processors. For example, the application circuitry 1002 may include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The processor(s) may include any combination of general-purpose processors and dedicated processors (e.g., graphics processors, application processors, an so on). The processors may be coupled with or may include memory /storage and may be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory /storage to enable various applications or operating systems to run on the device 1000. In some embodiments, processors of application circuitry 1002 may process IP data packets received from an EPC.

[00125] The baseband circuitry 1004 may include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors. The baseband circuitry 1004 may include one or more baseband processors or control logic to process baseband signals received from a receive signal path of the RF circuitry 1006 and to generate baseband signals for a transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 1006. Baseband processing circuity 1004 may interface with the application circuitry 1002 for generation and processing of the baseband signals and for controlling operations of the RF circuitry 1006. For example, in some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 1004 may include a third generation (3G) baseband processor 1004A, a fourth generation (4G) baseband processor 1004B, a fifth generation (5G) baseband processor 1004C, or other baseband processor(s) 1004D for other existing generations, generations in development or to be developed in the future (e.g., second generation (2G), sixth generation (6G), and so on). The baseband circuitry 1004 (e.g., one or more of baseband processors 1004A-D) may handle various radio control functions that enable communication with one or more radio networks via the RF circuitry 1006. In other embodiments, some or all of the functionality of baseband processors 1004A-D may be included in modules stored in the memory 1004G and executed via a Central Processing Unit (CPU) 1004E. The radio control functions may include, but are not limited to, signal modulation/demodulation,

encoding/decoding, radio frequency shifting, and so on. In some embodiments,

modulation/demodulation circuitry of the baseband circuitry 1004 may include Fast-Fourier Transform (FFT), precoding, or constellation mapping/demapping functionality. In some embodiments, encoding/decoding circuitry of the baseband circuitry 1004 may include convolution, tail-biting convolution, turbo, Viterbi, or Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) encoder/decoder functionality. Embodiments of modulation/demodulation and

encoder/decoder functionality are not limited to these examples and may include other suitable functionality in other embodiments.

[00126] In some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 1004 may include one or more audio digital signal processor(s) (DSP) 1004F. The audio DSP(s) 1004F may be include elements for compression/decompression and echo cancellation and may include other suitable processing elements in other embodiments. Components of the baseband circuitry may be suitably combined in a single chip, a single chipset, or disposed on a same circuit board in some embodiments. In some embodiments, some or all of the constituent components of the baseband circuitry 1004 and the application circuitry 1002 may be implemented together such as, for example, on a system on a chip (SOC).

[00127] In some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 1004 may provide for communication compatible with one or more radio technologies. For example, in some embodiments, the baseband circuitry 1004 may support communication with an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (EUTRAN) or other wireless metropolitan area networks (WMAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), a wireless personal area network (WPAN). Embodiments in which the baseband circuitry 1004 is configured to support radio communications of more than one wireless protocol may be referred to as multi-mode baseband circuitry.

[00128] RF circuitry 1006 may enable communication with wireless networks using modulated electromagnetic radiation through a non-solid medium. In various embodiments, the RF circuitry 1006 may include switches, filters, amplifiers, and so on to facilitate the communication with the wireless network. RF circuitry 1006 may include a receive signal path which may include circuitry to down-convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 1008 and provide baseband signals to the baseband circuitry 1004. RF circuitry 1006 may also include a transmit signal path which may include circuitry to up-convert baseband signals provided by the baseband circuitry 1004 and provide RF output signals to the FEM circuitry 1008 for transmission.

[00129] In some embodiments, the receive signal path of the RF circuitry 1006 may include mixer circuitry 1006 A, amplifier circuitry 1006B and filter circuitry 1006C. In some embodiments, the transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 1006 may include filter circuitry 1006C and mixer circuitry 1006A. RF circuitry 1006 may also include synthesizer circuitry 1006D for synthesizing a frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 1006A of the receive signal path and the transmit signal path. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 1006 A of the receive signal path may be configured to down-convert RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 1008 based on the synthesized frequency provided by synthesizer circuitry 1006D. The amplifier circuitry 1006B may be configured to amplify the down-converted signals and the filter circuitry 1006C may be a low-pass filter (LPF) or band-pass filter (BPF) configured to remove unwanted signals from the down-converted signals to generate output baseband signals. Output baseband signals may be provided to the baseband circuitry 1004 for further processing. In some embodiments, the output baseband signals may be zero-frequency baseband signals, although this is not a requirement. In some embodiments, mixer circuitry 1006A of the receive signal path may comprise passive mixers, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.

[00130] In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 1006A of the transmit signal path may be configured to up-convert input baseband signals based on the synthesized frequency provided by the synthesizer circuitry 1006D to generate RF output signals for the FEM circuitry 1008. The baseband signals may be provided by the baseband circuitry 1004 and may be filtered by filter circuitry 1006C.

[00131] In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 1006A of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 1006A of the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be arranged for quadrature downconversion and upconversion, respectively. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 1006A of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 1006A of the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be arranged for image rejection (e.g., Hartley image rejection). In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 1006 A of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 1006 A may be arranged for direct downconversion and direct upconversion, respectively. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 1006 A of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 1006A of the transmit signal path may be configured for super-heterodyne operation.

[00132] In some embodiments, the output baseband signals and the input baseband signals may be analog baseband signals, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect. In some alternate embodiments, the output baseband signals and the input baseband signals may be digital baseband signals. In these alternate embodiments, the RF circuitry 1006 may include analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuitry and the baseband circuitry 1004 may include a digital baseband interface to communicate with the RF circuitry 1006.

[00133] In some dual-mode embodiments, a separate radio IC circuitry may be provided for processing signals for each spectrum, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.

[00134] In some embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry 1006D may be a fractional -N synthesizer or a fractional N/N+l synthesizer, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect as other types of frequency synthesizers may be suitable. For example, synthesizer circuitry 1006D may be a delta-sigma synthesizer, a frequency multiplier, or a synthesizer comprising a phase-locked loop with a frequency divider.

[00135] The synthesizer circuitry 1006D may be configured to synthesize an output frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 1006A of the RF circuitry 1006 based on a frequency input and a divider control input. In some embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry 1006D may be a fractional N/N+l synthesizer.

[00136] In some embodiments, frequency input may be provided by a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), although that is not a requirement. Divider control input may be provided by either the baseband circuitry 1004 or the applications processor 1002 depending on the desired output frequency. In some embodiments, a divider control input (e.g., N) may be determined from a look-up table based on a channel indicated by the applications processor 1002.

[00137] Synthesizer circuitry 1006D of the RF circuitry 1006 may include a divider, a delay-locked loop (DLL), a multiplexer and a phase accumulator. In some embodiments, the divider may be a dual modulus divider (DMD) and the phase accumulator may be a digital phase accumulator (DP A). In some embodiments, the DMD may be configured to divide the input signal by either N or N+l (e.g., based on a carry out) to provide a fractional division ratio. In some example embodiments, the DLL may include a set of cascaded, tunable, delay elements, a phase detector, a charge pump and a D-type flip-flop. In these embodiments, the delay elements may be configured to break a VCO period up into Nd equal packets of phase, where Nd is the number of delay elements in the delay line. In this way, the DLL provides negative feedback to help ensure that the total delay through the delay line is one VCO cycle.

[00138] In some embodiments, synthesizer circuitry 1006D may be configured to generate a carrier frequency as the output frequency, while in other embodiments, the output frequency may be a multiple of the carrier frequency (e.g., twice the carrier frequency, four times the carrier frequency) and used in conjunction with quadrature generator and divider circuitry to generate multiple signals at the carrier frequency with multiple different phases with respect to each other. In some embodiments, the output frequency may be a LO frequency (fLO). In some embodiments, the RF circuitry 1006 may include an IQ/polar converter.

[00139] FEM circuitry 1008 may include a receive signal path which may include circuitry configured to operate on RF signals received from one or more antennas 1010, amplify the received signals and provide the amplified versions of the received signals to the RF circuitry 1006 for further processing. FEM circuitry 1008 may also include a transmit signal path which may include circuitry configured to amplify signals for transmission provided by the RF circuitry 1006 for transmission by one or more of the one or more antennas 1010. In various embodiments, the amplification through the transmit or receive signal paths may be done solely in the RF circuitry 1006, solely in the FEM 1008, or in both the RF circuitry 1006 and the FEM 1008.

[00140] In some embodiments, the FEM circuitry 1008 may include a TX/RX switch to switch between transmit mode and receive mode operation. The FEM circuitry may include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path. The receive signal path of the FEM circuitry may include an LNA to amplify received RF signals and provide the amplified received RF signals as an output (e.g., to the RF circuitry 1006). The transmit signal path of the FEM circuitry 1008 may include a power amplifier (PA) to amplify input RF signals (e.g., provided by RF circuitry 1006), and one or more filters to generate RF signals for subsequent transmission (e.g., by one or more of the one or more antennas 1010).

[00141] In some embodiments, the PMC 1012 may manage power provided to the baseband circuitry 1004. In particular, the PMC 1012 may control power-source selection, voltage scaling, battery charging, or DC-to-DC conversion. The PMC 1012 may often be included when the device 1000 is capable of being powered by a battery, for example, when the device is included in a UE. The PMC 1012 may increase the power conversion efficiency while providing desirable implementation size and heat dissipation characteristics. [00142] While Fig. 10 shows the PMC 1012 coupled only with the baseband circuitry 1004. However, in other embodiments, the PMC 1012 may be additionally or alternatively coupled with, and perform similar power management operations for, other components such as, but not limited to, application circuitry 1002, RF circuitry 1006, or FEM 1008.

[00143] In some embodiments, the PMC 1012 may control, or otherwise be part of, various power saving mechanisms of the device 1000. For example, if the device 1000 is in an RRC_Connected state, where it is still connected to the RAN node as it expects to receive traffic shortly, then it may enter a state known as Discontinuous Reception Mode (DRX) after a period of inactivity. During this state, the device 1000 may power down for brief intervals of time and thus save power.

[00144] If there is no data traffic activity for an extended period of time, then the device 1000 may transition off to an RRC Idle state, where it disconnects from the network and does not perform operations such as channel quality feedback, handover, and so on. The device 1000 goes into a very low power state and it performs paging where again it periodically wakes up to listen to the network and then powers down again. The device 1000 may not receive data in this state, in order to receive data, it must transition back to

RRC Connected state.

[00145] An additional power saving mode may allow a device to be unavailable to the network for periods longer than a paging interval (ranging from seconds to a few hours). During this time, the device is totally unreachable to the network and may power down completely. Any data sent during this time incurs a large delay and it is assumed the delay is acceptable.

[00146] Processors of the application circuitry 1002 and processors of the baseband circuitry 1004 may be used to execute elements of one or more instances of a protocol stack. For example, processors of the baseband circuitry 1004, alone or in combination, may be used execute Layer 3, Layer 2, or Layer 1 functionality, while processors of the application circuitry 1004 may utilize data (e.g., packet data) received from these layers and further execute Layer 4 functionality (e.g., transmission communication protocol (TCP) and user datagram protocol (UDP) layers). As referred to herein, Layer 3 may comprise a radio resource control (RRC) layer, described in further detail below. As referred to herein, Layer 2 may comprise a medium access control (MAC) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, described in further detail below. As referred to herein, Layer 1 may comprise a physical (PHY) layer of a UE/RAN node, described in further detail below. [00147] Fig. 11 illustrates example interfaces of baseband circuitry, in accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure. As discussed above, the baseband circuitry 1004 of Fig. 10 may comprise processors 1004A-1004E and a memory 1004G utilized by said processors. Each of the processors 1004A-1004E may include a memory interface, 1104A- 1104E, respectively, to send/receive data to/from the memory 1004G.

[00148] The baseband circuitry 1004 may further include one or more interfaces to communicatively couple to other circuitries/devices, such as a memory interface 1 112 (e.g., an interface to send/receive data to/from memory extemal to the baseband circuitry 1004), an application circuitry interface 1 114 (e.g., an interface to send/receive data to/from the application circuitry 1002 of Fig. 10), an RF circuitry interface 1 116 (e.g., an interface to send/receive data to/from RF circuitry 1006 of Fig. 10), a wireless hardware connectivity interface 1 1 18 (e.g., an interface to send/receive data to/from Near Field Communication (NFC) components, Bluetooth® components (e.g., Bluetooth® Low Energy), Wi-Fi® components, and other communication components), and a power management interface 1120 (e.g., an interface to send/receive power or control signals to/from the PMC 1012.

[00149] It is pointed out that elements of any of the Figures herein having the same reference numbers and/or names as elements of any other Figure herein may, in various embodiments, operate or function in a manner similar those elements of the other Figure (without being limited to operating or functioning in such a manner).

[00150] Reference in the specification to "an embodiment," "one embodiment," "some embodiments," or "other embodiments" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments is included in at least some embodiments, but not necessarily all embodiments. The various appearances of "an embodiment," "one embodiment," or "some embodiments" are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiments. If the specification states a component, feature, structure, or characteristic "may," "might," or "could" be included, that particular component, feature, structure, or characteristic is not required to be included. If the specification or claim refers to "a" or "an" element, that does not mean there is only one of the elements. If the specification or claims refer to "an additional" element, that does not preclude there being more than one of the additional element.

[00151] Furthermore, the particular features, structures, functions, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. For example, a first embodiment may be combined with a second embodiment anywhere the particular features, structures, functions, or characteristics associated with the two embodiments are not mutually exclusive.

[00152] While the disclosure has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, many alternatives, modifications and variations of such embodiments will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures e.g., Dynamic RAM (DRAM) may use the

embodiments discussed. The embodiments of the disclosure are intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications, and variations as to fall within the broad scope of the appended claims.

[00153] In addition, well known power/ground connections to integrated circuit (IC) chips and other components may or may not be shown within the presented figures, for simplicity of illustration and discussion, and so as not to obscure the disclosure. Further, arrangements may be shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the disclosure, and also in view of the fact that specifics with respect to implementation of such block diagram arrangements are highly dependent upon the platform within which the present disclosure is to be implemented (i.e., such specifics should be well within purview of one skilled in the art). Where specific details (e.g., circuits) are set forth in order to describe example embodiments of the disclosure, it should be apparent to one skilled in the art that the disclosure can be practiced without, or with variation of, these specific details. The description is thus to be regarded as illustrative instead of limiting.

[00154] The following examples pertain to further embodiments. Specifics in the examples may be used anywhere in one or more embodiments. All optional features of the apparatus described herein may also be implemented with respect to a method or process.

[00155] Example 1 provides an apparatus of a User Equipment (UE) operable to communicate with an Evolved Node B (eNB) on a wireless network, comprising: one or more processors to: establish a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) frequency -hopping configuration; generate a front-loaded Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol carrying DMRS in a first pattern; and generate an additional OFDM symbol carrying DMRS in a second pattern, wherein the second pattern is offset from the first pattern in accordance with the DMRS frequency hopping configuration, and an interface for sending the front-loaded OFDM symbol and the additional OFDM symbol to a transmission circuitry.

[00156] In example 2, the apparatus of example 1, wherein the DMRS frequency- hopping configuration is a comb hopping configuration based in part on one or more of a cell Identity (ID), a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index. [00157] In example 3, the apparatus of either of examples 1 or 2, wherein a first cyclic shift of the front-loaded OFDM symbol is different than a second cyclic shift of the additional OFDM symbol.

[00158] In example 4, the apparatus of any of examples 1 through 3, wherein the

DMRS frequency-hopping configuration is a cyclic shift hopping configuration based in part on one or more of a cell Identity (ID), a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index.

[00159] In example 5, the apparatus of any of examples 1 through 4, wherein the front- loaded DMRS symbol is in a first slot and the additional DMRS symbol is in the same slot after the front-loaded DMRS symbol.

[00160] In example 6, the apparatus of any of examples 1 through 5, wherein the front- loaded DMRS symbol has a first DMRS sequence and the additional DMRS symbol has a second DMRS sequence different from the first DMRS sequence.

[00161] In example 7, the apparatus of any of examples 1 through 6, wherein the front- loaded DMRS symbol has a first resource mapping scheme and the additional DMRS symbol has a second resource mapping scheme different from the first resource mapping scheme.

[00162] Example 8 provides a User Equipment (UE) device comprising an application processor, a memory, one or more antennas, a wireless interface for allowing the application processor to communicate with another device, and a touch-screen display, the UE device including the apparatus of any of examples 1 through 7.

[00163] Example 9 provides a method comprising: establishing, for a User Equipment

(UE), a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) frequency-hopping configuration;

generating a front-loaded Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol carrying DMRS in a first pattern; and generating an additional OFDM symbol carrying DMRS in a second pattern, wherein the second pattern is offset from the first pattern in accordance with the DMRS frequency hopping configuration.

[00164] In example 10, the method of example 9, wherein the DMRS frequency- hopping configuration is a comb hopping configuration based in part on one or more of a cell Identity (ID), a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index.

[00165] In example 11, the method of either of examples 9 through 10, wherein a first cyclic shift of the front-loaded OFDM symbol is different than a second cyclic shift of the additional OFDM symbol.

[00166] In example 12, the method of any of examples 9 through 11, wherein the

[00167] In example 13, the method of any of examples 9 through 12, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol is in a first slot and the additional DMRS symbol is in the same slot after the front-loaded DMRS symbol.

[00168] In example 14, the method of any of examples 9 through 13, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol has a first DMRS sequence and the additional DMRS symbol has a second DMRS sequence different from the first DMRS sequence.

[00169] In example 15, the method of any of examples 9 through 14, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol has a first resource mapping scheme and the additional DMRS symbol has a second resource mapping scheme different from the first resource mapping scheme.

[00170] Example 16 provides machine readable storage media having machine executable instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause one or more processors to perform a method according to any of examples 9 through 15.

[00171] Example 17 provides an apparatus of a User Equipment (UE) operable to communicate with an Evolved Node B (eNB) on a wireless network, comprising: means for establishing a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) frequency -hopping configuration; means for generating a front-loaded Orthogonal Frequency -Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol carrying DMRS in a first pattern; and means for generating an additional OFDM symbol carrying DMRS in a second pattern, wherein the second pattern is offset from the first partem in accordance with the DMRS frequency hopping configuration.

[00172] In example 18, the apparatus of example 17, wherein the DMRS frequency- hopping configuration is a comb hopping configuration based in part on one or more of a cell Identity (ID), a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index.

[00173] In example 19, the apparatus of either of examples 17 through 18, wherein a first cyclic shift of the front-loaded OFDM symbol is different than a second cyclic shift of the additional OFDM symbol.

[00174] In example 20, the apparatus of any of examples 17 through 19, wherein the

DMRS frequency-hopping configuration is a cyclic shift hopping configuration based in part on one or more of a cell Identity (ID), a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index. [00175] In example 21, the apparatus of any of examples 17 through 20, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol is in a first slot and the additional DMRS symbol is in the same slot after the front-loaded DMRS symbol.

[00176] In example 22, the apparatus of any of examples 17 through 21, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol has a first DMRS sequence and the additional DMRS symbol has a second DMRS sequence different from the first DMRS sequence.

[00177] In example 23, the apparatus of any of examples 17 through 22, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol has a first resource mapping scheme and the additional DMRS symbol has a second resource mapping scheme different from the first resource mapping scheme.

[00178] Example 24 provides machine readable storage media having machine executable instructions that, when executed, cause one or more processors of a User Equipment (UE) operable to communicate with an Evolved Node-B (eNB) on a wireless network to perform an operation comprising: establish a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) frequency -hopping configuration; generate a front-loaded Orthogonal Frequency- Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol carrying DMRS in a first pattern; and generate an additional OFDM symbol carrying DMRS in a second pattem, wherein the second pattern is offset from the first pattern in accordance with the DMRS frequency hopping configuration.

[00179] In example 25, the machine readable storage media of example 24, wherein the DMRS frequency -hopping configuration is a comb hopping configuration based in part on one or more of a cell Identity (ID), a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index.

[00180] In example 26, the machine readable storage media of either of examples 24 through 25, wherein a first cyclic shift of the front-loaded OFDM symbol is different than a second cyclic shift of the additional OFDM symbol.

[00181] In example 27, the machine readable storage media of any of examples 24 through 26, wherein the DMRS frequency -hopping configuration is a cyclic shift hopping configuration based in part on one or more of a cell Identity (ID), a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index.

[00182] In example 28, the machine readable storage media of any of examples 24 through 27, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol is in a first slot and the additional DMRS symbol is in the same slot after the front-loaded DMRS symbol.

[00183] In example 29, the machine readable storage media of any of examples 24 through 28, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol has a first DMRS sequence and the additional DMRS symbol has a second DMRS sequence different from the first DMRS sequence.

[00184] In example 30, the machine readable storage media of any of examples 24 through 29, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol has a first resource mapping scheme and the additional DMRS symbol has a second resource mapping scheme different from the first resource mapping scheme.

[00185] Example 31 provides an apparatus of a User Equipment (UE) operable to communicate with an Evolved Node B (eNB) on a wireless network, comprising: one or more processors to: establish a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) frequency -hopping configuration; process a front-loaded Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol carrying DMRS in a first pattern; and process an additional OFDM symbol carrying DMRS in a second pattern, wherein the second pattern is offset from the first pattern in accordance with the DMRS frequency hopping configuration, and an interface for receiving the front-loaded OFDM symbol and the additional OFDM symbol from a receiving circuitry.

[00186] In example 32, the apparatus of example 31, wherein the DMRS frequency- hopping configuration is a comb hopping configuration based in part on one or more of a cell Identity (ID), a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index.

[00187] In example 33, the apparatus of either of examples 31 or 32, wherein a first cyclic shift of the front-loaded OFDM symbol is different than a second cyclic shift of the additional OFDM symbol.

[00188] In example 34, the apparatus of any of examples 31 through 33, wherein the

[00189] In example 35, the apparatus of any of examples 31 through 34, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol is in a first slot and the additional DMRS symbol is in the same slot after the front-loaded DMRS symbol.

[00190] In example 36, the apparatus of any of examples 31 through 35, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol has a first DMRS sequence and the additional DMRS symbol has a second DMRS sequence different from the first DMRS sequence.

[00191] In example 37, the apparatus of any of examples 31 through 36, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol has a first resource mapping scheme and the additional DMRS symbol has a second resource mapping scheme different from the first resource mapping scheme. [00192] Example 38 provides a User Equipment (UE) device comprising an application processor, a memory, one or more antennas, a wireless interface for allowing the application processor to communicate with another device, and a touch-screen display, the UE device including the apparatus of any of examples 31 through 37.

[00193] Example 39 provides a method comprising: establishing, for a User

Equipment (UE), a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) frequency -hopping

configuration; processing a front-loaded Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol carrying DMRS in a first partem; and processing an additional OFDM symbol carrying DMRS in a second pattern, wherein the second pattern is offset from the first partem in accordance with the DMRS frequency hopping configuration.

[00194] In example 40, the method of example 39, wherein the DMRS frequency- hopping configuration is a comb hopping configuration based in part on one or more of a cell Identity (ID), a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index.

[00195] In example 41, the method of either of examples 39 through 40, wherein a first cyclic shift of the front-loaded OFDM symbol is different than a second cyclic shift of the additional OFDM symbol.

[00196] In example 42, the method of any of examples 39 through 41, wherein the

[00197] In example 43, the method of any of examples 39 through 42, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol is in a first slot and the additional DMRS symbol is in the same slot after the front-loaded DMRS symbol.

[00198] In example 44, the method of any of examples 39 through 43, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol has a first DMRS sequence and the additional DMRS symbol has a second DMRS sequence different from the first DMRS sequence.

[00199] In example 45, the method of any of examples 39 through 44, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol has a first resource mapping scheme and the additional DMRS symbol has a second resource mapping scheme different from the first resource mapping scheme.

[00200] Example 46 provides readable storage media having machine executable instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause one or more processors to perform a method according to any of examples 39 through 45. [00201] Example 47 provides an apparatus of a User Equipment (UE) operable to communicate with an Evolved Node B (eNB) on a wireless network, comprising: means for establishing a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) frequency -hopping configuration; means for processing a front-loaded Orthogonal Frequency -Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol carrying DMRS in a first pattern; and means for processing an additional OFDM symbol carrying DMRS in a second pattern, wherein the second pattern is offset from the first pattern in accordance with the DMRS frequency hopping configuration.

[00202] In example 48, the apparatus of example 47, wherein the DMRS frequency- hopping configuration is a comb hopping configuration based in part on one or more of a cell Identity (ID), a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index.

[00203] In example 49, the apparatus of either of examples 47 through 48, wherein a first cyclic shift of the front-loaded OFDM symbol is different than a second cyclic shift of the additional OFDM symbol.

[00204] In example 50, the apparatus of any of examples 47 through 49, wherein the

[00205] In example 51, the apparatus of any of examples 47 through 50, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol is in a first slot and the additional DMRS symbol is in the same slot after the front-loaded DMRS symbol.

[00206] In example 52, the apparatus of any of examples 47 through 51, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol has a first DMRS sequence and the additional DMRS symbol has a second DMRS sequence different from the first DMRS sequence.

[00207] In example 53, the apparatus of any of examples 47 through 52, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol has a first resource mapping scheme and the additional DMRS symbol has a second resource mapping scheme different from the first resource mapping scheme.

[00208] Example 54 provides machine readable storage media having machine executable instructions that, when executed, cause one or more processors of a User

Equipment (UE) operable to communicate with an Evolved Node-B (eNB) on a wireless network to perform an operation comprising: establish a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) frequency -hopping configuration; process a front-loaded Orthogonal Frequency- Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol carrying DMRS in a first pattern; and process an additional OFDM symbol carrying DMRS in a second partem, wherein the second pattern is offset from the first pattern in accordance with the DMRS frequency hopping configuration.

[00209] In example 55, the machine readable storage media of example 54, wherein the DMRS frequency -hopping configuration is a comb hopping configuration based in part on one or more of a cell Identity (ID), a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index.

[00210] In example 56, the machine readable storage media of either of examples 54 through 55, wherein a first cyclic shift of the front-loaded OFDM symbol is different than a second cyclic shift of the additional OFDM symbol.

[00211] In example 57, the machine readable storage media of any of examples 54 through 56, wherein the DMRS frequency -hopping configuration is a cyclic shift hopping configuration based in part on one or more of a cell Identity (ID), a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index.

[00212] In example 58, the machine readable storage media of any of examples 54 through 57, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol is in a first slot and the additional

DMRS symbol is in the same slot after the front-loaded DMRS symbol.

[00213] In example 59, the machine readable storage media of any of examples 54 through 58, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol has a first DMRS sequence and the additional DMRS symbol has a second DMRS sequence different from the first DMRS sequence.

[00214] In example 60, the machine readable storage media of any of examples 54 through 59, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol has a first resource mapping scheme and the additional DMRS symbol has a second resource mapping scheme different from the first resource mapping scheme.

[00215] Example 61 provides an apparatus of an Evolved Node B (eNB) operable to communicate with a plurality of User Equipments (UEs) on a wireless network, comprising: one or more processors to: establish a pool of Contention Based (CB) 5G Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) resources and Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) resources associated with the PUSCH resources; allocate a first subset of resources of the pool of resources to a first group of one or more UEs of the plurality of UEs, the first subset of resources corresponding with a first Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) beam; and allocate a second subset of resources of the pool of resources to a second group of one or more UEs of the plurality of UEs, the second subset of resources corresponding with a second MIMO beam, and an interface for sending a transmission for one of the first MIMO beam or the second MIMO beam to a transmission circuitry.

[00216] In example 62, the apparatus of example 61, wherein the one or more processors are to: generate a transmission to schedule PUSCH for a UE of the first set of UEs, the transmission comprising one of: broadcast System Information, a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message, or Downlink Control Information (DCI).

[00217] In example 63, the apparatus of either of examples 61 or 62, wherein the one or more processors are to: process a CB Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) in the first subset of resources, the CB PUSCH being received via the first MIMO beam.

[00218] In example 64, the apparatus of example 63, wherein the one or more processors are to: generate a 5G Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) Downlink Control Information (DCI) carrying a Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) indicator corresponding to the CB PUSCH.

[00219] In example 65, the apparatus of any of examples 61 through 64, wherein the one or more processors are to: generate a transmission to the first group of UEs carrying one or more indicators to configure the first subset of resources of the pool, wherein the one or more indicators are carried by one of: a Downlink Control Information (DCI) scrambled with a beam Radio Network Temporary Identifier (beam-RNTI); or a higher-layer message.

[00220] Example 66 provides an Evolved Node B (eNB) device comprising an application processor, a memory, one or more antenna ports, and an interface for allowing the application processor to communicate with another device, the eNB device including the apparatus of any of examples 61 through 65.

[00221] Example 67 provides a method comprising: establishing, for an Evolved

Node-B (eNB), a pool of Contention Based (CB) 5G Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) resources and Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) resources associated with the PUSCH resources; allocating a first subset of resources of the pool of resources to a first group of one or more UEs of the plurality of UEs, the first subset of resources corresponding with a first Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) beam; and allocating a second subset of resources of the pool of resources to a second group of one or more UEs of the plurality of UEs, the second subset of resources corresponding with a second MIMO beam.

[00222] In example 68, the method of example 67, comprising: generating a transmission to schedule PUSCH for a UE of the first set of UEs, the transmission comprising one of: broadcast System Information, a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message, or Downlink Control Information (DCI). [00223] In example 69, the method of either of examples 67 or 68, comprising:

processing a CB Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) in the first subset of resources, the CB PUSCH being received via the first MIMO beam.

[00224] In example 70, the method of example 69, comprising: generating a 5G

Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) Downlink Control Information (DCI) carrying a Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) indicator corresponding to the CB PUSCH.

[00225] In example 71, the method of any of examples 67 through 70, comprising: generating a transmission to the first group of UEs carrying one or more indicators to configure the first subset of resources of the pool, wherein the one or more indicators are carried by one of: a Downlink Control Information (DCI) scrambled with a beam Radio Network Temporary Identifier (beam-RNTI); or a higher-layer message.

[00226] Example 72 provides machine readable storage media having machine executable instructions stored thereon that, when executed, cause one or more processors to perform a method according to any of examples 67 through 71.

[00227] Example 73 provides an apparatus of an Evolved Node B (eNB) operable to communicate with a plurality of User Equipments (UEs) on a wireless network, comprising: establishing, for an Evolved Node-B (eNB), a pool of Contention Based (CB) 5G Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) resources and Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) resources associated with the PUSCH resources; allocating a first subset of resources of the pool of resources to a first group of one or more UEs of the plurality of UEs, the first subset of resources corresponding with a first Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) beam; and allocating a second subset of resources of the pool of resources to a second group of one or more UEs of the plurality of UEs, the second subset of resources corresponding with a second MIMO beam.

[00228] In example 74, the apparatus of example 73, comprising: generating a transmission to schedule PUSCH for a UE of the first set of UEs, the transmission comprising one of: broadcast System Information, a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message, or Downlink Control Information (DCI).

[00229] In example 75, the apparatus of either of examples 73 or 74, comprising: processing a CB Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) in the first subset of resources, the CB PUSCH being received via the first MIMO beam.

[00230] In example 76, the apparatus of example 75, comprising: generating a 5G

Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) Downlink Control Information (DCI) carrying a Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) indicator corresponding to the CB PUSCH. [00231] In example 77, the apparatus of any of examples 73 through 76, comprising: generating a transmission to the first group of UEs carrying one or more indicators to configure the first subset of resources of the pool, wherein the one or more indicators are carried by one of: a Downlink Control Information (DCI) scrambled with a beam Radio Network Temporary Identifier (beam-RNTI); or a higher-layer message.

[00232] Example 78 provides machine readable storage media having machine executable instructions that, when executed, cause one or more processors of an Evolved Node B (eNB) operable to communicate with a User Equipment (UE) on a wireless network to perform an operation comprising: establish a pool of Contention Based (CB) 5G Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) resources and Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) resources associated with the PUSCH resources; allocate a first subset of resources of the pool of resources to a first group of one or more UEs of the plurality of UEs, the first subset of resources corresponding with a first Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) beam; and allocate a second subset of resources of the pool of resources to a second group of one or more UEs of the plurality of UEs, the second subset of resources corresponding with a second MIMO beam.

[00233] In example 79, the machine readable storage media of example 78, the operation comprising: generate a transmission to schedule PUSCH for a UE of the first set of UEs, the transmission comprising one of: broadcast System Information, a Radio Resource Control (RRC) message, or Downlink Control Information (DCI).

[00234] In example 80, the machine readable storage media of either of examples 78 or

79, the operation comprising: process a CB Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) in the first subset of resources, the CB PUSCH being received via the first MIMO beam.

[00235] In example 81, the machine readable storage media of example 80, the operation comprising: generate a 5G Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)

Downlink Control Information (DCI) carrying a Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) indicator corresponding to the CB PUSCH.

[00236] In example 82, the machine readable storage media of any of examples 78 through 81, the operation comprising: generate a transmission to the first group of UEs carrying one or more indicators to configure the first subset of resources of the pool, wherein the one or more indicators are carried by one of: a Downlink Control Information (DCI) scrambled with a beam Radio Network Temporary Identifier (beam-RNTI); or a higher-layer message. [00237] In example 83, the apparatus of any of examples 1 through 7, examples 31 through 37, and 61 through 65, wherein the one or more processors comprise a baseband processor.

[00238] In example 84, the apparatus of any of examples 1 through 7, examples 31 through 37, and 61 through 65, comprising a memory for storing instructions, the memory being coupled to the one or more processors.

[00239] In example 85, the apparatus of any of examples 1 through 7, examples 31 through 37, and 61 through 65, comprising a transceiver circuitry for at least one of:

generating transmissions, encoding transmissions, processing transmissions, or decoding transmissions.

[00240] In example 86, the apparatus of any of examples 1 through 7, examples 31 through 37, and 61 through 65, comprising a transceiver circuitry for generating transmissions and processing transmissions.

[00241] An abstract is provided that will allow the reader to ascertain the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. The abstract is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to limit the scope or meaning of the claims. The following claims are hereby incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment.

Claims

CLAIMS We claim:

1. An apparatus of a User Equipment (UE) operable to communicate with an Evolved

Node-B (eNB) on a wireless network, comprising:

one or more processors to:

establish a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) frequency -hopping configuration;

generate a front-loaded Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol carrying DMRS in a first pattern; and

generate an additional OFDM symbol carrying DMRS in a second pattern, wherein the second partem is offset from the first pattern in accordance with the

DMRS frequency hopping configuration, and

an interface for sending the front-loaded OFDM symbol and the additional OFDM symbol to a transmission circuitry.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 ,

wherein the DMRS frequency -hopping configuration is a comb hopping configuration based in part on one or more of a cell Identity (ID), a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index.

3. The apparatus of either of claims 1 or 2,

wherein a first cyclic shift of the front-loaded OFDM symbol is different than a

second cyclic shift of the additional OFDM symbol.

4. The apparatus of either of claims 1 or 2,

wherein the DMRS frequency -hopping configuration is a cyclic shift hopping

configuration based in part on one or more of a cell Identity (ID), a virtual cell ID, a UE ID, a subframe index, a slot index, and a symbol index.

5. The apparatus of either of claims 1 or 2,

wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol is in a first slot and the additional DMRS symbol is in the same slot after the front-loaded DMRS symbol.

6. The apparatus of either of claims 1 or 2,

wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol has a first DMRS sequence and the

additional DMRS symbol has a second DMRS sequence different from the first DMRS sequence.

7. Machine readable storage media having machine executable instructions that, when

executed, cause one or more processors of a User Equipment (UE) operable to communicate with an Evolved Node-B (eNB) on a wireless network to perform an operation comprising:

establish a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) frequency -hopping

configuration;

generate a front-loaded Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM)

symbol carrying DMRS in a first partem; and

generate an additional OFDM symbol carrying DMRS in a second pattern, wherein the second pattern is offset from the first pattern in accordance with the

DMRS frequency hopping configuration.

8. The machine readable storage media of claim 7,

9. The machine readable storage media of either of claims 7 through 8,

second cyclic shift of the additional OFDM symbol.

10. The machine readable storage media of either of claims 7 through 8,

wherein the DMRS frequency -hopping configuration is a cyclic shift hopping

1 1. The machine readable storage media of either of claims 7 through 8,

12. The machine readable storage media of either of claims 7 through 8, wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol has a first DMRS sequence and the

13. An apparatus of a User Equipment (UE) operable to communicate with an Evolved

Node-B (eNB) on a wireless network, comprising:

one or more processors to:

process a front-loaded Orthogonal Frequency -Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol carrying DMRS in a first pattern; and

process an additional OFDM symbol carrying DMRS in a second pattern, wherein the second partem is offset from the first pattern in accordance with the

DMRS frequency hopping configuration, and

an interface for receiving the front-loaded OFDM symbol and the additional OFDM symbol from a receiving circuitry.

14. The apparatus of claim 13,

15. The apparatus of either of claims 13 or 14,

second cyclic shift of the additional OFDM symbol.

16. The apparatus of either of claims 13 or 14,

wherein the DMRS frequency -hopping configuration is a cyclic shift hopping

17. The apparatus of either of claims 13 or 14,

18. The apparatus of either of claims 13 or 14,

wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol has a first DMRS sequence and the

19. Machine readable storage media having machine executable instructions that, when

establish a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) frequency -hopping

configuration;

process an additional OFDM symbol carrying DMRS in a second partem, wherein the second pattern is offset from the first pattern in accordance with the

DMRS frequency hopping configuration.

20. The machine readable storage media of claim 19,

21. The machine readable storage media of either of claims 19 through 20,

second cyclic shift of the additional OFDM symbol.

22. The machine readable storage media of either of claims 19 through 20,

wherein the DMRS frequency -hopping configuration is a cyclic shift hopping

23. The machine readable storage media of either of claims 19 through 20,

24. The machine readable storage media of either of claims 19 through 20,

wherein the front-loaded DMRS symbol has a first DMRS sequence and the