WO2018072295A1 - 一种激光雷达系统用的多波长窄线宽单频光纤激光光源 - Google Patents

一种激光雷达系统用的多波长窄线宽单频光纤激光光源 Download PDF

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WO2018072295A1
WO2018072295A1 PCT/CN2016/110654 CN2016110654W WO2018072295A1 WO 2018072295 A1 WO2018072295 A1 WO 2018072295A1 CN 2016110654 W CN2016110654 W CN 2016110654W WO 2018072295 A1 WO2018072295 A1 WO 2018072295A1
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optical
laser
wavelength
fiber
frequency
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French (fr)
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徐善辉
杨中民
张宇宁
冯洲明
杨昌盛
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
    • H01S3/08086—Multiple-wavelength emission
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G01S7/4818—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements using optical fibres
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    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
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    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
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    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
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    • H01S3/094003—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light the pumped medium being a fibre
    • H01S3/094015—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light the pumped medium being a fibre with pump light recycling, i.e. with reinjection of the unused pump light back into the fiber, e.g. by reflectors or circulators
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    • H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
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    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
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    • H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
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    • H01S3/005—Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
    • H01S3/0064—Anti-reflection devices, e.g. optical isolaters
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    • H01S3/08027—Longitudinal modes by a filter, e.g. a Fabry-Perot filter is used for wavelength setting
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    • H01S3/094049—Guiding of the pump light
    • H01S3/094053—Fibre coupled pump, e.g. delivering pump light using a fibre or a fibre bundle
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    • H01S3/094084—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light with pump light recycling, i.e. with reinjection of the unused pump light, e.g. by reflectors or circulators
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    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
    • H01S3/0941—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode
    • H01S3/09415—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode the pumping beam being parallel to the lasing mode of the pumped medium, e.g. end-pumping
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    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/50—Amplifier structures not provided for in groups H01S5/02 - H01S5/30

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of laser radar, optical fiber sensing, coherent spectroscopy and the like, in particular to the fiber laser technology applicable to the laser radar system, in particular to a single-frequency fiber laser source for outputting multiple wavelengths and narrow line widths.
  • the lidar system includes a single beam narrowband laser and a receiving system.
  • the laser generates and emits a beam of light that hits the object and reflects back, eventually being received by the receiver.
  • the receiver accurately measures the propagation time of the light pulse from emission to reflection. Because the light pulse propagates at the speed of light, the receiver always receives the previous reflected pulse before the next pulse is sent. Since the speed of light is known, the propagation time can be converted to a measure of distance. Combined with the height of the laser, the laser scanning angle, the position of the laser obtained from GPS and the direction of laser emission from the INS, the coordinates X, Y, Z of each ground spot can be accurately calculated.
  • the frequency of laser beam emission can range from a few pulses per second to tens of thousands of pulses per second. For example, for a system with a frequency of 10,000 pulses per second, the receiver will record 600,000 points in one minute. In general, the ground spot spacing of Lidar systems varies from 2-4 m.
  • the current Lidar system mainly uses a single-band narrow-band laser as the transmitter, and its detection range is small and slow. Multi-beam narrow-band lasers can expand the detection range of the laser radar and greatly shorten the scanning speed.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and to disclose a multi-wavelength narrow linewidth single-frequency fiber laser source that can be used in a laser radar system, and combines a short-line resonator and an optical filter bank through a self-injection locking structure.
  • a multi-wavelength single-frequency fiber laser source with an all-fiber structure is realized together.
  • the object of the invention is achieved at least by one of the following technical solutions.
  • a multi-wavelength narrow linewidth single-frequency fiber laser source for a laser radar system comprising a high reflectivity chirped fiber grating, a high gain fiber, a low reflectivity chirped fiber grating, an optical wavelength division multiplexer, and a single mode semiconductor pump Laser, optocoupler, optical isolator, optical circulator, optical filter assembly, semiconductor optical amplifier.
  • the structural relationship between the components is: high gain fiber as the gain medium of the compact laser cavity, low reflectivity ⁇ fiber grating and high reflectivity ⁇ fiber grating constitute the front and back cavity mirror of the laser cavity, realize the laser Oscillation within the cavity.
  • High reflectivity ⁇ fiber grating, high gain fiber, low reflectivity ⁇ fiber grating constitutes the resonant cavity of the laser.
  • the laser output from the cavity passes through the optical coupler and a part of the light enters the optical filter component through the optical circulator.
  • An optical filter component having a certain free spectral width is selected for wavelengths corresponding to a plurality of center frequencies, and then injected back into the laser cavity via the optical circulator and the optical coupler, combined with the structure of the compact short-line cavity, through injection locking
  • the rear cavity lasing a plurality of single-frequency fiber lasers having wavelengths corresponding to the center frequency.
  • the single-frequency laser signal enters the optical coupler via the signal end of the optical wavelength division multiplexer and is then output from the output of the optical isolator.
  • the output laser signal is subjected to noise suppression and optimization of optical performance via a semiconductor optical amplifier.
  • the optical filter component is a device that selects to pass or block a particular wavelength in the optical path system through a certain free spectral range and bandwidth, including but not limited to two or more specific lights at the output wavelength Wavelength output.
  • the optical filter component is not limited to F-P filters, fiber grating filters, and other types of filters.
  • the fiber laser is a compact short straight cavity structure
  • the front cavity mirror is a low reflectivity chirped fiber grating
  • the back cavity mirror is a high reflectivity chirped fiber grating
  • the reflectivity chirped fiber grating is Low reflection of the excitation light signal, the reflectivity is 10% ⁇ 90%, and its 3dB reflection spectrum width is 1 ⁇ 40 Nm.
  • the high reflectivity chirped fiber grating is highly transparent to the pump light, the transmittance is greater than 90%, and the excitation light signal is highly inverted, the reflectivity is greater than 95%, and the 3dB reflection spectrum width is 1 to 40 nm.
  • the high gain fiber has a unit length gain greater than 0.2 dB/cm and a fiber length of 0.5 to 100 cm.
  • the present invention can use a high gain fiber of the order of centimeters as a gain medium for a laser, and is composed of a low reflectance chirped fiber grating and a high reflectance chirped fiber grating.
  • the front and back cavity mirror of the resonant cavity structure under the continuous excitation of the single-mode semiconductor laser pump source, the high-gain particles in the core are reversed to generate a laser signal that is stimulated to emit, and the broadband laser signal outputted by the cavity is optically coupled.
  • a part of the light enters the optical filter component through the optical circulator, and is selected by the longitudinal mode of the optical filter component to obtain a single longitudinal mode laser signal with a corresponding wavelength of the center frequency, and then injected back into the cavity via the optical circulator and the optical coupler.
  • a single-frequency laser with a plurality of wavelengths corresponding to the center frequency can be excited.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of a multi-wavelength narrow linewidth single-frequency fiber laser source for a laser radar system.
  • a multi-wavelength narrow linewidth single-frequency fiber laser source for a laser radar system comprising a high reflectivity chirped fiber grating 1, a high gain fiber 2, a low reflectivity chirped fiber grating 3, and an optical wavelength division.
  • the structural relationship between the components is: high gain fiber 2 as a gain medium for a compact laser cavity, low reflectivity ⁇ fiber grating 3 and high reflectivity ⁇ fiber grating 1 constitute a front and back cavity mirror of the laser cavity, Achieve oscillation of the laser within the cavity.
  • High reflectivity ⁇ fiber grating 1, high gain fiber 2, low reflectivity ⁇ fiber grating 3 constitutes the resonant cavity of the laser, and the laser output from the resonant cavity passes through the optical coupler 6 and a part of the light passes through the optical circulator 8 to enter the optical filter.
  • the wavelengths corresponding to the plurality of center frequencies are selected by the optical filter assembly 9 having a certain free spectral width, and then injected back into the laser cavity via the optical circulator 8 and the optical coupler 6, in combination with compact
  • the structure of the short-line cavity is catalyzed by a self-injection-locked cavity to emit a plurality of single-frequency fiber lasers having wavelengths corresponding to the center frequency.
  • the single-frequency laser signal enters the optical coupler 6 via the signal end of the optical wavelength division multiplexer 4, and is then output from the output of the optical isolator 7.
  • the output signal light is subjected to noise suppression and optical performance optimization via the semiconductor optical amplifier 10.
  • the high reflectivity ⁇ fiber grating 1 in this example has a center reflection wavelength of laser output wavelength of 1552.52 nm and a 3dB reflection spectrum width of 40. Nm, the central wavelength reflectance of this example is greater than 99.95%.
  • the low reflectivity ⁇ fiber grating 3 coupled output grating has a central reflection wavelength of laser output wavelength of 1552.52 nm and a 3dB bandwidth of 40 Nm, the central wavelength reflectance is 10 to 95%, and the center wavelength of this example is 60%.
  • the high reflectivity ⁇ fiber grating 1 and the low reflectance ⁇ fiber grating 3 form a functional module with a wide spectral range selection and filtering.
  • the high reflectivity ⁇ fiber grating 1 and the high gain fiber 2 are connected by welding or end face connection; the high gain fiber 2 and the low reflectance ⁇ fiber grating 3 are connected by a fiber end face grinding and polishing and a cavity mirror.
  • the optical coupler has a split ratio of 1:99 to 50:50. In this example, a 10:90 split ratio optical coupler 6 is used.
  • the optical filter component 9 used in this example is an F-P cavity etalon filter with a free spectral range of 8 The nm, 3dB bandwidth is 0.02 nm, and the output of four corresponding wavelengths appearing within the bandwidth of the chirped grating.
  • the pumping method of the present example uses backward pumping, and the pump light generated by the single mode semiconductor pump laser 5 is input through the pump terminal of the optical wavelength division multiplexer 4, via the low reflectance ⁇ fiber grating 3 to the high gain fiber.
  • core pumping is performed.
  • the pump light continuously pumps the gain particles in the core to achieve the population inversion, and the stimulated emission produces a laser signal.
  • 90% of the signal light enters the FP etalon filter through the optical circulator 8, and then the low retort grating is selected by adjusting the etalon filter.
  • a plurality of single-wavelength laser signals are obtained in a plurality of single longitudinal modes in the bandwidth, and then injected into the resonant cavity via the optical circulator 8 and the optical coupler (6), and the resonant cavity generated by the self-injection lock produces a wavelength of 1535.51 nm and 1544.64.
  • Single-frequency laser signal at nm, 1552.52 nm, and 1560.36 nm.
  • the laser signal enters the optical coupler 6 via the signal end of the optical wavelength division multiplexer 4, and 10% of the single-frequency laser signal is output from the output end of the optical isolator 7, and the low-noise four-wavelength single frequency can be obtained by the semiconductor optical amplifier 10.
  • Laser output is injected into the resonant cavity via the optical circulator 8 and the optical coupler (6), and the resonant cavity generated by the self-injection lock produces a wavelength of 1535.51 nm and 1544.64.
  • Single-frequency laser signal at nm

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
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Abstract

一种激光雷达系统用的多波长单频光纤激光光源，包括由高反射率啁啾光纤光栅（1）、高增益光纤（2）、低反射率啁啾光纤光栅（3）组成的谐振腔，作为泵浦光源的单模半导体泵浦激光器（5），光波分复用器（4），光耦合器（6），光隔离器（7），光环形器（8），光滤波器组件（9），半导体光放大器（10）；泵浦光源对高增益光纤（2）进行纤芯泵浦。从光波分复用器（4）输出的宽光谱激光经过光耦合器（6）分光后一部分通过光环形器（8）进入光滤波器组件（9），通过光滤波器组件（9）滤出特定中心频率对应的波长，该激光再通过光环形器（8）和光耦合器（6）返回注入谐振腔里面，对谐振腔进行自注入锁定，结合短线性谐振腔结构及光滤波器组件（9）实现窄线宽、单纵模多波长模式的激光激射，最终实现稳定多波长输出、符合激光雷达规定的多波长单频激光输出。

Description

一种激光雷达系统用的多波长窄线宽单频光纤激光光源
技术领域
本发明涉及到激光雷达、光纤传感、相干光谱合束等领域特别是可用于激光雷达系统所应用的光纤激光技术，具体涉及一种输出多波长窄线宽的单频光纤激光光源。
背景技术
激光雷达系统包括一个单束窄带激光器和一个接收系统。激光器产生并发射一束光脉冲，打在物体上并反射回来，最终被接收器所接收。接收器准确地测量光脉冲从发射到被反射回的传播时间。因为光脉冲以光速传播，所以接收器总会在下一个脉冲发出之前收到前一个被反射回的脉冲。鉴于光速是已知的，传播时间即可被转换为对距离的测量。结合激光器的高度，激光扫描角度，从GPS得到的激光器的位置和从INS得到的激光发射方向，就可以准确地计算出每一个地面光斑的坐标X，Y，Z。激光束发射的频率可以从每秒几个脉冲到每秒几万个脉冲。举例而言，一个频率为每秒一万次脉冲的系统，接收器将会在一分钟内记录六十万个点。一般而言，激光雷达系统的地面光斑间距在2-4m不等。
当前激光雷达系统主要以单束窄带激光器为发射器，其探测范围小且速度慢。多束窄带激光器能够扩大激光雷达的探测范围，极大的缩短扫描速度。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术上述中的不足，公开了一种可用于激光雷达系统用的多波长窄线宽单频光纤激光光源，通过自注入锁定结构结合短线型谐振腔和光滤波器组一起实现了全光纤结构的多波长单频光纤激光光源。
本发明的目的至少通过如下技术方案之一实现。
一种激光雷达系统用的多波长窄线宽单频光纤激光光源，包括一个高反射率啁啾光纤光栅、高增益光纤、低反射率啁啾光纤光栅、光波分复用器、单模半导体泵浦激光器、光耦合器、光隔离器、光环形器、光滤波器组件、半导体光放大器。各部件之间的结构关系是：高增益光纤作为结构紧凑的激光谐振腔的增益介质，低反射率啁啾光纤光栅和高反射率啁啾光纤光栅组成激光谐振腔的前后腔镜，实现激光在腔内的振荡。高反射率啁啾光纤光栅、高增益光纤、低反射率啁啾光纤光栅组成了激光器的谐振腔，谐振腔输出的激光经过光耦合器后一部分光通过光环形器进入光滤波器组件中，通过具有一定自由谱宽的光滤波器组件进行多个中心频率对应的波长进行选择后，再经由光环形器和光耦合器注入回到激光谐振腔中，结合紧凑的短线型腔的结构，经过注入锁定后的谐振腔激射出多个中心频率对应波长的单频光纤激光。单频激光信号经由光波分复用器的信号端进入光耦合器，然后从光隔离器的输出端输出。输出的激光信号经由半导体光放大器进行噪声抑制以及光性能的优化。
进一步优化的，所述光滤波器组件是一种通过一定自由光谱范围和带宽去实现选择通过或者阻止光路系统中特定的波长的器件，在输出波长上包括但不限于两个或者几个特定光波长输出。
进一步优化的，所述光滤波器组件不限于F-P滤波器、光纤光栅滤波器和其他类型滤波器等。
进一步优化的，所述光纤激光器是紧凑的短直腔结构，其前腔镜是低反射率啁啾光纤光栅，后腔镜采用高反射率啁啾光纤光栅；所述反射率啁啾光纤光栅是对激励光信号低反，反射率为10%~90%，其3dB反射谱宽为1~40 nm。所述高反射率啁啾光纤光栅是对泵浦光高透，透射率大于90％，而对激励光信号高反，反射率大于95％，其3dB反射谱宽为1~40 nm。
进一步优化的，所述高增益光纤的单位长度增益大于0.2 dB/cm，光纤长度为0.5～100 cm。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下优点和技术效果：本发明可以将厘米量级的高增益光纤作为激光的增益介质，由低反射率啁啾光纤光栅和高反射率啁啾光纤光栅组成谐振腔结构的前后腔镜，在单模半导体激光泵浦源的连续激励下，纤芯中的高增益粒子发生反转，产生受激发射的激光信号，谐振腔输出的宽带激光信号经过光耦合器后一部分光通过光环形器进入光滤波器组件，经过光滤波器组件的纵模选择后得到几个中心频率对应波长的单一纵模激光信号，再经由光环形器和光耦合器注入回谐振腔中，经过自注入锁定后的短线型腔就可以激射出多个中心频率对应的波长的单频激光。
附图说明
图 1 为实例中一种激光雷达系统用的多波长窄线宽单频光纤激光光源的原理示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体例子对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述，需要说明的是本发明要求保护的范围并不局限于实施例表述的范围，以下若有未特别详细说明之过程或参数，均是本领域技术人员可参照现有技术实现的。
如图1，一种激光雷达系统用的多波长窄线宽单频光纤激光光源，其包括一个高反射率啁啾光纤光栅1、高增益光纤2、低反射率啁啾光纤光栅3、光波分复用器4、单模半导体泵浦激光器5、光耦合器6、光隔离器7、光环形器8、光滤波器组件9、半导体光放大器10。各部件之间的结构关系是：高增益光纤2作为结构紧凑的激光谐振腔的增益介质，低反射率啁啾光纤光栅3和高反射率啁啾光纤光栅1组成激光谐振腔的前后腔镜，实现激光在腔内的振荡。高反射率啁啾光纤光栅1、高增益光纤2、低反射率啁啾光纤光栅3组成了激光器的谐振腔，谐振腔输出的激光经过光耦合器6后一部分光通过光环形器8进入光滤波器组件9中，通过具有一定自由谱宽的光滤波器组件9进行多个中心频率对应的波长进行选择后，再经由光环形器8和光耦合器6注入回到激光谐振腔中，结合紧凑的短线型腔的结构，经过自注入锁定后的谐振腔激射出多个中心频率对应的波长的单频光纤激光。单频激光信号经由光波分复用器4的信号端进入光耦合器6，然后从光隔离器7的输出端输出。输出的信号光经由半导体光放大器10进行噪声抑制以及光性能优化。
实施例1
本例的高反射率啁啾光纤光栅1中心反射波长为激光输出波长1552.52 nm， 3dB反射谱宽为40 nm，本例中心波长反射率大于99.95％。低反射率啁啾光纤光栅3耦合输出光栅的中心反射波长为激光输出波长1552.52 nm，其3dB带宽为40 nm，中心波长反射率为10～95%，本例中心波长射率为60％。高反射率啁啾光纤光栅1和低反射率啁啾光纤光栅3成一个具有较宽的光谱范围选择及滤波作用的功能模块。其中，高反射率啁啾光纤光栅1和高增益光纤2用熔接或端面对接方式连接；高增益光纤2和低反射率啁啾光纤光栅3间采用光纤端面研磨抛光与腔镜紧密对接方式连接。光耦合器的分光比例为从1：99到50：50，本例使用的是10：90分光比例的光耦合器6。本例使用的光滤波器组件9为F-P腔标准具滤波器，其自由光谱范围达到8 nm，3dB带宽为0.02 nm，输出4个出现在啁啾光栅带宽内的对应波长。
本实例的泵浦方式采用后向泵浦，由单模半导体泵浦激光器5产生泵浦光经由光波分复用器4的泵浦端输入，经由低反射率啁啾光纤光栅3到高增益光纤2的纤芯中，进行纤芯泵浦。泵浦光不断抽运纤芯中的增益粒子，使其达到粒子数反转，受激发射产生激光信号。谐振腔输出的连续光信号经过10：90的光耦合器6后，90%的信号光通过光环形器8进入F-P标准具滤波器中，然后经过调节标准具滤波器选出低反啁啾光栅带宽内的多个单一纵模后得到多波长单频激光信号，再经由光环形器8和光耦合器(6)注入回谐振腔中，经过自注入锁定后的谐振腔产生波长为1536.51 nm、1544.64 nm、1552.52 nm、1560.36 nm的单频激光信号。激光信号经由光波分复用器4的信号端进入光耦合器6，10%的单频激光信号从光隔离器7的输出端输出，通过半导体光放大器10能够得到低噪声的四波长的单频激光输出。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种激光雷达系统用的多波长单频光纤激光光源，其特征在于包括一个高反射率啁啾光纤光栅(1)、高增益光纤(2)、低反射率啁啾光纤光栅(3)、光波分复用器(4)、单模半导体泵浦激光器(5)、光耦合器(6)、光隔离器(7)、光环形器（8）、光滤波器组件（9）和半导体光放大器（10）；低反射率啁啾光纤光栅(3)和高反射率啁啾光纤光栅(1)组成激光谐振腔的前后腔镜，实现激光在腔内的振荡；高增益光纤(2)作为激光谐振腔的增益介质；高反射率啁啾光纤光栅（1）、高增益光纤（2）、低反射率啁啾光纤光栅（3）组成了激光谐振腔；由单模半导体泵浦激光器（5）产生泵浦光经由光波分复用器（4）的泵浦端输入，经由低反射率啁啾光纤光栅（3）到高增益光纤（2）的纤芯中，进行纤芯泵浦；激光谐振腔输出的激光经过光耦合器（6）后一部分光通过光环形器（8）进入光滤波器组件（9）中，通过光滤波器组件（9）进行ITU-T 规定标称中心频率对应的波长进行选择后，再经由光环形器（8）和光耦合器(6)注入回到激光谐振腔中，结合短线型腔的结构，经过自注入锁定后的谐振腔激射出多个ITU-T 规定标称中心频率对应的波长的单频光纤激光；单频光纤激光信号经由光波分复用器（4）的信号端进入光耦合器（6），光耦合器（6）输出的另一部分光再从光隔离器(7)的输出端输出，输出的多波长光通过半导体光放大器（10）进行噪声抑制。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种激光雷达系统用的多波长窄线宽单频光纤激光光源，其特征在于：所述光滤波器组件（9）在结构上包括一个光滤波器或者多个光滤波器的组合。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种激光雷达系统用的多波长窄线宽单频光纤激光光源，其特征在于：所述光滤波器组件（9）的自由光谱范围为0.5~500 nm，在输出波长上包括两个以上的波长。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种激光雷达系统用的多波长窄线宽单频光纤激光光源，其特征在于：所述光纤激光光源是短直腔结构。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种激光雷达系统用的多波长窄线宽单频光纤激光光源，其特征在于：所述低反射率啁啾光纤光栅（3）对激励光信号低反，反射率为10%~90%， 3dB反射谱宽为1~40 nm；所述高反射率啁啾光纤光栅（1）对泵浦光高透，透射率大于90％，而对激励光信号高反，反射率大于95％，3dB反射谱宽为1~40 nm。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种激光雷达系统用的多波长窄线宽单频光纤激光光源，其特征在于：所述高增益光纤（2）的单位长度增益大于0.2 dB/cm，光纤长度为0.5～100 cm。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种激光雷达系统用的多波长窄线宽单频光纤激光光源，其特征在于：所述光滤波器组件（9）为F-P滤波器或光纤光栅滤波器。
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