WO2018040739A1 - 矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机及矿山斜孔的扩孔施工方法 - Google Patents

矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机及矿山斜孔的扩孔施工方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018040739A1
WO2018040739A1 PCT/CN2017/092097 CN2017092097W WO2018040739A1 WO 2018040739 A1 WO2018040739 A1 WO 2018040739A1 CN 2017092097 W CN2017092097 W CN 2017092097W WO 2018040739 A1 WO2018040739 A1 WO 2018040739A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
guiding
hole
reaming drilling
inclined hole
reaming
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PCT/CN2017/092097
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李绪伦
皮佐武
张羽林
张国晏
张志红
汪勇印
Original Assignee
贵州铁鳄矿山装备制造有限公司
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Publication of WO2018040739A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018040739A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of mining equipment, in particular to a mine inclined hole counter-hole reaming drilling machine and a reaming construction method for a mine inclined hole.
  • the present invention has been achieved in order to solve at least one of the problems in the prior art.
  • a mine inclined hole counter-hole reaming drilling machine which comprises a perforating hole a feed device, a perforated rotary cutting transmission device and a drilling material discharge device, the perforating feed device comprising a feed traction device and a wire rope, the perforated rotary cutting transmission device comprising a hydraulic motor, a reduction gear box, a rotary transmission device And a reaming drilling device through which the rotary power of the hydraulic motor is transmitted to the reaming drilling device, the reaming drilling device including a guide rod, the lifting of the feed traction device Power is transmitted to the reaming drilling device through the wire rope and the guide rod, the drilling material discharge device including a spiral blade and a spiral blade transmission, the hydraulic motor driving the spiral blade through the spiral blade transmission Rotate the discharge.
  • the rotary transmission includes a drive drill rod and a plurality of extended drill rods
  • the transmission drill rod is connected to an output shaft of the reduction gear box, and the plurality of extension drill rods are detachably connected end to end and connected to the transmission drill rod;
  • the drive drill rod is coupled to the hydraulic motor through the reduction gearbox.
  • one end of the extension drill rod is provided with an outer taper threaded head, and the other end is provided with an inner taper threaded hole; adjacent ones of the extended drill rods are screwed.
  • a spline shaft is disposed on the output shaft of the reduction gear box, and the spline shaft forms a gimbal connection with the output shaft of the reduction gear box, and the spline sleeve is disposed at one end of the transmission drill rod near the hydraulic motor. The spline sleeve is in sliding engagement with the spline shaft.
  • a plurality of the extension drill pipe joints are provided with a rotation support ring for preventing the extension drill pipe from sagging.
  • the spiral blade transmission device is an output shaft of the reduction gear box, the extension drill pipe Or the reaming drilling device, the spiral blade forms a fixed connection with the output shaft of the reduction gearbox, the extended drill pipe or the reaming drilling device.
  • the perforating device further includes a fixed pulley, which is a hoist or a hydraulic cylinder capable of providing a non-constant force, the wire rope is connected at one end to the hoist or hydraulic cylinder, and the other end is bypassed.
  • the fixed pulley is connected to the guide rod of the reaming drilling device after being passed through a buffer spring or a rubber block.
  • the utility model further includes a transporting carriage, the perforated rotary cutting transmission device further comprising a pressure oil supply device comprising an oil pump driving motor, an oil pump, a fuel tank and an oil pipe, the oil pump passing through the oil pipe and the hydraulic pressure a motor is connected, the hydraulic motor is in communication with the oil tank through an oil pipe, the oil tank is connected to the oil pump through an oil pipe, the oil pump driving motor drives the oil pump to supply pressure oil, the feed traction device, the oil pump drive motor, The oil pump and the fuel tank are fixedly mounted on the transport vehicle.
  • a pressure oil supply device comprising an oil pump driving motor, an oil pump, a fuel tank and an oil pipe, the oil pump passing through the oil pipe and the hydraulic pressure a motor is connected, the hydraulic motor is in communication with the oil tank through an oil pipe, the oil tank is connected to the oil pump through an oil pipe, the oil pump driving motor drives the oil pump to supply pressure oil, the feed traction device, the oil pump drive motor,
  • the oil pump and the fuel tank are fixedly mounted
  • the transport vehicle is provided with a lifting device for mounting, detaching and lifting the hoist, the pressure oil supply device, the reaming drilling device.
  • the guiding rod includes a rotating rod and a fixed guiding head, and an end of the steel cord away from the hoisting machine is fixedly connected with the fixed guiding head, and the fixed guiding head is rotatably connected with the rotating rod, the rotating rod A fixed connection that forms a synchronous rotation with the reaming drilling device.
  • the fixed guiding head comprises a guiding cone, a first guiding sleeve, a second guiding sleeve and a fixing ring; one ends of the first guiding sleeve and the second guiding sleeve are respectively detachably connected with the guiding cone, and the other ends are respectively respectively
  • the fixing ring is detachably connected, and the first guiding sleeve and the second guiding sleeve are mutually abutted to form a circular tube Guide set.
  • the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the guiding sleeve, and the guiding sleeve is rotatably connected. Both ends of the guiding sleeve are provided with an axial bearing and positioning support ring, and the rotating rod is away from the reaming drilling device.
  • One end of the support ring extends into the guide sleeve through an inner hole of the support ring, and the rotating rod is disposed at an inner portion of the guide sleeve with an axial bearing bearing and a nut, and an outer diameter of the bearing and the guide sleeve The inner diameter is matched, and the nut abuts against the side of the bearing away from the support ring to form a synchronous rotational connection with the rotating rod.
  • the guide sleeve is disposed at one end of the guiding cone with a front end axial bearing ring, the guiding cone is provided with an axial bearing plate, and the guiding cone is provided with the axial bearing plate A detachable fixed connection is formed in the axial bearing ring of the guide sleeve, and one end of the wire rope away from the hoist is fixedly connected to the guiding cone.
  • the guide sleeve is disposed at one end of the rotary reamer device with a rear end axial bearing ring, and the axial bearing plate disposed on the rotating rod extends into the guiding sleeve and the shaft of the guiding sleeve A rotational connection is formed to the bearing ring through the axial thrust bearing.
  • the perforated rotary cutting transmission device further includes a rotation driving fixture, the rotation driving fixture includes a fixing device, a lateral support positioning telescopic beam and a lifting seat, and the hydraulic motor is fixedly mounted on the fixing device, The lateral support positioning telescopic beam is fixedly connected to the fixing device, and the lifting seat is hingedly connected to the fixing device.
  • a method for reaming a mine inclined hole includes the following steps:
  • the reaming drilling device includes a guide To the rod, the guiding rod guides the entire reaming drilling device to move along the axial direction of the guiding hole; the reaming drilling device rotates and reams the hole under the driving of the hydraulic motor;
  • the perforating feeding device comprises a traction device and a wire rope, and the traction device is connected to the guiding rod by a steel wire rope, And feeding the reaming drilling device through the wire rope;
  • c. discharging the drilling rock material by using a drilling material discharge device;
  • the drilling material removing device comprising a spiral blade and a spiral blade transmission, wherein the hydraulic motor drives the spiral blade to rotate the discharge through the spiral blade transmission ;
  • a hoist or hydraulic cylinder that provides a non-constant force is achieved by rubber or spring buffer at the junction of the wire rope and the guide rod.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for a forward position of a mine inclined hole counter-hole reaming drill according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a lateral position structure of a mine inclined hole counter-hole reaming drilling machine according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged view of a portion A of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a drilling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an extension drill pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • connection should be understood broadly, and may be fixed connection, for example, or may be The connection is disassembled or connected integrally; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be internal communication between the two elements.
  • the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case by those skilled in the art.
  • the present invention provides a mine inclined hole counter-hole reaming drilling machine comprising a perforating feed device, a perforated rotary cutting transmission device 400, and a drilling material discharge device.
  • the perforating feed device is connected with the perforated rotary cutting transmission device for the traction perforation rotary cutting transmission device to perform the feeding movement along the axial direction of the hole.
  • the drilling material discharge device is connected with the perforated rotary cutting transmission device for discharging the stone generated by the rotary cutting of the perforation.
  • the perforating feed device includes a feed traction device 100 and a wire rope 200.
  • the traction device 100 is coupled to the perforated rotary cutting drive 400 by a wire rope 200 to impart a feed force to the perforated rotary cutting drive 400 for the feed motion.
  • the traction device is a hoisting machine that pulls the wire rope 200 by a hoisting motion to feed the boring rotary cutting transmission 400.
  • the perforating device further includes a fixed pulley 300.
  • One end of the wire rope 200 is connected to the hoisting machine, and the other end is connected to the reaming drilling device 460 after bypassing the fixed pulley 300.
  • Set the head of the fixed pulley 300 the wire rope 200 is provided with a support guide to facilitate the arrangement of the wire rope 200, and on the other hand, the traction direction of the wire rope 200 can be changed, so that the hole drilling feeding device can adapt to various terrains and improve the back hole reaming drilling machine. Practicality and adaptability.
  • the hoist can be replaced by a hydraulic cylinder, which is determined according to actual needs.
  • the perforated rotary cutting transmission 400 includes a hydraulic motor 410, a reduction gearbox, a rotary transmission, and a reaming drilling device 460.
  • the torque of the hydraulic motor 410 is transmitted to the reaming drilling device 460 through the reduction gearbox and the rotary transmission.
  • the reaming drilling device 460 includes a guide rod 461 and a cutter 462 that is coupled to the feed traction device 100 via a guide rod 461.
  • the cutter 462 in this embodiment has a truncated cone-like structure including a large end and a small end, and the large end is connected to the guide rod 461, and a blade is provided on the end surface of the large end.
  • the cutter 462 is similar to the structure of the end mill.
  • the small end is provided with a connection for connection to the rotary transmission.
  • the guiding rod includes a rotating rod and a fixed guiding head 700.
  • One end of the fixed guiding head 700 is connected with the wire rope 200, and the other end is rotatably connected with the rotating rod.
  • the rotating rod forms a fixed connection with the reaming drilling device 460 in a synchronous rotation.
  • the purpose of the above-mentioned structure of the guide bar is to effectively prevent the wire rope 200 from rotating along with the rotation of the reaming drilling device 460, thereby avoiding the influence of the fixed pulley 300 and the feed traction device 100, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the hole feed device.
  • the fixed guide head 700 includes a guide cone 710, a left guide sleeve, a right guide sleeve 720, and a fixing ring 730.
  • the guiding cone comprises a conical body, a bearing plate and a connecting portion, and the conical body is connected to the bearing plate through the connecting portion.
  • the conical body has a conical structure including a large end and a small end, and is disposed on the circumference of the large end. Flange.
  • the bearing plate has a circular plate-like structure and is arranged in parallel with the large end face of the conical body.
  • the connecting portion has a cylindrical shape, one end of which is connected to the large end of the conical body, and the other end is connected to the bearing plate; and the three axes of the conical body, the bearing plate and the connecting portion are coincident.
  • the diameter of the bearing plate is smaller than the diameter of the large end of the conical body, and the diameter of the connecting portion is smaller than the diameter of the bearing plate, so that an annular card groove is formed between the bearing plate and the conical body.
  • a through hole is provided in the guide cone, and the through hole extends along the axis of the guide cone.
  • the left guide sleeve and the right guide sleeve are symmetrical in structure, and the two are combined to form a circular tubular guide sleeve.
  • One end of the guiding sleeve is provided with a plurality of threaded holes, and the guiding sleeve is detachably connected to the flange of the guiding cone through the threaded hole; the other end of the guiding sleeve is detachably connected with the fixing ring 730.
  • a threaded hole is provided on both end faces of the guide sleeve.
  • a support ring is disposed on an inner wall of one end of the guide sleeve adjacent to the fixing ring 730.
  • the support ring is connected to the end of the guide sleeve to form an end cap structure with a through hole.
  • the support ring is formed by splicing two halves, and the two pieces are integrally connected with the left guide sleeve and the right guide sleeve, respectively.
  • One end of the rotating rod away from the reaming drilling device 460 extends into the guiding sleeve through the through hole of the supporting ring, and a bearing 800 and a nut 900 are disposed at a position of the rotating rod in the guiding sleeve, and the outer diameter of the bearing 800 matches the inner diameter of the guiding sleeve
  • the nut 900 is against the side of the bearing 800 remote from the support ring.
  • a bearing ring is disposed at one end of the guiding sleeve near the guiding cone, and the bearing ring is integrally connected with the guiding sleeve, and an end cap structure with a through hole is formed at an end of the guiding sleeve.
  • the bearing ring is formed by splicing two halves, and the two pieces are integrally connected with the left guiding sleeve and the right guiding sleeve respectively.
  • the fixing ring is generally an annular plate-like structure provided with a through hole for fixedly connecting the left guiding sleeve and the right guiding sleeve.
  • the fixing ring 730 is divided into a front fixing ring (by the wire rope end) and a rear fixing ring (by the guiding rod), the front fixing ring is integrally connected with the big end of the guiding cone, and the rear fixing ring and the left and right guiding sleeves are mutually connected.
  • the rear end surface of the guiding sleeve which is formed into a circular tubular shape is a detachable fixed connection, and is a structural member which is formed by fitting the left and right guiding sleeves together to form a circular tubular guiding sleeve, which satisfies the rotation of the rotating rod, carries the traction force, and is convenient to disassemble. .
  • the assembly process of the wire rope, the guide sleeve, the guiding cone and the rotating rod is as follows: firstly, the free end of the wire rope is passed through the through hole of the guiding cone, and the fixing block is arranged at the end of the wire rope passing through the guiding cone through hole and fixedly connected with the guiding cone In order to prevent the wire rope from falling off in the guiding cone; the rotating rod mounting with the axial bearing bearing and the guiding cone connected with the steel wire rope are simultaneously placed in the guiding sleeve, so that the axial bearing bearing and the rear bearing supporting ring of the guiding sleeve Abutting, at the same time, the front bearing ring of the guiding sleeve is snapped into the slot of the guiding cone. Finally, the front retaining ring (integral with the guide cone) is connected to the front end of the closed guide sleeve, and the rear retaining ring is connected to the rear (rotating rod) end of the guide sleeve.
  • the rotary transmission device comprises a drive drill rod 440 and a plurality of extension drill rods 450.
  • the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 410 is fixedly connected with the input shaft of the reduction gear box, and the output shaft of the reduction gear box is provided with a spline shaft, the spline shaft and the reduction gear box
  • the output shaft forms a universal joint connection.
  • the end of the drive drill rod 440 near the hydraulic motor 410 is provided with a spline sleeve.
  • the spline sleeve is in sliding engagement with the spline shaft.
  • the end of the drive drill rod 440 away from the hydraulic motor 410 is provided with an outer taper thread head.
  • each extension drill pipe 450 is provided with an outer taper thread head 452, the other end is provided with an inner taper thread hole 451, the reaming drilling device 460 is provided with an inner taper thread hole 451, a drive drill rod 440 and a plurality of
  • the extension drill pipe 450 and the reaming drilling device 460 can be detachably coupled by an outer taper thread head 452 and an inner taper threaded bore 451.
  • the joint of the plurality of extension drill rods 450 is provided with a rotating support ring for preventing the extension drill pipe from sagging.
  • the purpose of using the transmission drill rod 440 and the plurality of extension drill rods 450 as the rotation transmission device is to enable the user to continuously increase or decrease the transmission distance of the rotary transmission device as needed, thereby increasing the length of the perforation of the perforated rotary cutting transmission device 400;
  • the purpose of the tapered threaded connection drive drill rod 440 and the extended drill rod 450 is to facilitate the installation and removal of the rotary transmission.
  • the drill discharge device includes a spiral blade 470 and a spiral blade transmission, and the hydraulic motor 410 drives the spiral blade 470 to rotate the discharge by the spiral blade transmission.
  • the spiral blade transmission device is an extended drill pipe 450, and the spiral blade 470 forms a fixed connection with the extension drill pipe 450 in synchronous rotation.
  • the purpose of the spiral blade 470 is to continuously discharge the material cut by the reaming drilling device 460 to ensure the normal continuous operation of the reaming drilling device 460.
  • the spiral blade transmission device may also be an output shaft of the reduction gear box or a reaming drilling device 460, and the spiral blade 470 may also be combined with the output shaft of the reduction gear box or the reaming drill.
  • the chisel device 460 forms a fixed connection that rotates in synchronism.
  • the mine inclined hole counter-hole reaming drilling machine further comprises a transport truck 500
  • the perforated rotary cutting transmission device 400 further comprises a pressure oil supply device (hydraulic station)
  • the pressure oil supply device (hydraulic station) comprises The oil pump drives the motor, the oil pump, the oil tank and the oil pipe, and the oil pump communicates with the hydraulic motor 410 through the oil pipe.
  • the hydraulic motor 410 communicates with the oil tank through the oil pipe, the oil tank communicates with the oil pump through the oil pipe, and the oil pump drives the motor to drive the oil pump to supply the pressure oil, the feeding traction device 100,
  • the oil pump drive motor, the oil pump and the fuel tank are fixedly mounted on the transport vehicle 500.
  • the purpose of setting the transport truck 500 is to make the back-hole reaming rig hoist, transfer and install conveniently and quickly when used between different working positions, and effectively improve the maneuverability of the counter-hole reaming rig.
  • the transporting vehicle 500 is provided with a fixing device for fixing the hoist.
  • the fixing device can adopt various structures and forms.
  • the fixing device includes a plurality of fixed oil cylinders, and the plurality of fixed oil cylinders are partially erected, partially inverted, and distributed in various parts of the transport vehicle 500, and the hoisting machine starts working.
  • a plurality of fixed cylinders can be activated, and the piston rods of the plurality of fixed cylinders respectively protrude against the ground and the top wall of the working chamber.
  • the purpose of connecting the fixed guide head 700 and the rotating rod by the above structure is that the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient assembly and disassembly, stable operation, and can effectively realize the rotational connection between the fixed guiding head 700 and the rotating rod, and avoids the expansion of the steel cord 200.
  • the hole drilling device 460 rotates together to ensure the normal operation of the perforating feed device.
  • the perforated rotary cutting transmission device 400 further includes a rotary driving fixture, the rotation driving fixture includes a fixing device, a lateral support positioning telescopic beam 431, and a lifting seat 430, and the hydraulic motor 410 is fixed.
  • the lateral support positioning telescopic beam 431 is fixedly connected with the fixing device
  • the lifting base 430 is rotatably connected with the fixing device.
  • the purpose of the transport truck 500 is to enable the counter-hole reaming rig to be moved to any working position, which can effectively improve the maneuverability of the counter-boring rig.
  • the purpose of providing the lateral support positioning telescopic beam 431 and the lift block 430 is to support and stabilize the hydraulic motor 410.
  • the lifting seat 430 and the lateral supporting positioning telescopic beam 431 also provide a reaction force for the rotation of the reaming drilling device 460 to ensure the stable rotation movement, and the universal connection of the rotary connecting rod and the extension of the output shaft of the transmission box
  • the rotation connection can make the rotation drive output center on the lift base 430 point to the center of the drill hole shaft and can be adjusted within a certain range to adapt to different terrain environments, and improve the practicability of the counter-hole reaming drill.
  • the working principle and process of the inclined hole counter-hole reaming drilling rig of this mine are as follows: First, drill a drill-drilling guide hole and a drilling feed traction rope through-hole at a designated position in the mine underground, and expand The expansion of the drill guide hole is carried out to meet the requirements of the rotary drive mounting chamber.
  • the transport truck 500 is moved to the specified position, and the rotary drive and the drilling and reaming device of the counter-hole reaming drill are installed, specifically, the transport truck 500, the feed traction device 100, and the perforation are rotated.
  • the cutting transmission 400 is transferred to the rotary drive installation chamber, and the wire rope 200 wound on the feed traction device 100 is first dragged out through the drilling feed traction rope through hole, and then installed around the upper roadway. After the top fixed pulley 300 is taken out from the drill-drilling guide hole, it is reliably connected with the reaming drilling device 460, and then the lifting device on the transport vehicle 500 is installed to rotate the rotary drilling machine and the drilling and reaming device. Installed in the room.
  • the transport truck 500 moves to a preset position, and starts a plurality of stabilizing cylinders 600 on the transport cart 500.
  • the piston rods of the plurality of stabilizing cylinders 600 extend and abut against the wall of the chamber at the position, thereby fixing the transport vehicle 500 and
  • the feed traction device 100 is fixed at a position of the working point; the feed lifting device is activated, and the reaming drilling device 460 is erected by the feed lifting device and the auxiliary device, and the hydraulic motor 410, the reduction gear box and the positioning rotary drive are adjusted.
  • the oil supply line is provided so that the rotary drive unit is provided with the condition for providing rotational power, and then the reaming drilling device 460 and the rotary cutting transmission device 400 are connected by the drive drill rod 440 to be installed to satisfy the conditions for drilling and reaming.
  • the pressure oil supply system on the transport vehicle 500 is opened, the pressure oil is supplied to the feed traction device 100 and the rotary drive device, the hydraulic motor 410 drives the spline shaft to rotate, and the spline shaft drives the drive drill rod 440 to rotate.
  • the driving drill rod 440 drives the extension drill rod 450 to rotate, and the extension drill rod 450 drives the reaming drilling device 460 to rotate; the motor or hydraulic motor 410 on the transportation carrier 500 is started to work, and the feeding traction device 100 starts to pull the wire rope.
  • One end of the 200, the wire rope 200 is received in the feed traction device 100, and at this time, the other end of the wire rope 200 is towed by the rotary reaming drilling device 460 is fed along the expanding and extending direction of the diameter-expanding drill-drilling hole to realize the drilling and reaming operation; after drilling and reaming, the driving traction hoist is started to drive, and the hoisting machine is rotated and reaming drilling The device 460 moves forward to drill and ream the hole; the waste generated by the drilling and cutting will quickly discharge the inclined hole under the rotation of the spiral blade 470 by the rotary cutting transmission 400.
  • the plurality of extension drill pipes 450 are not mounted together on the transmission drill pipe 440 before starting the drilling, but are continuously fed with the reaming drilling device 460.
  • a gradually added one For example, an extended drill pipe 450 may be installed before drilling, and then with the continuous feeding of the reaming drilling device 460, the drive drill pipe 440 will continuously feed and gradually disengage from the spline shaft, when the drill pipe 440 is driven.
  • the feed traction device 100 and the hydraulic motor 410 are stopped, then the drive drill rod 440 is rotated to return to the initial position, and then both ends of one extended drill rod 450 are attached to the drive drill.
  • a support ring can be placed over the end of the extension drill rod 450 to support the drill rod assembly to ensure that the drill rod assembly is The expansion hole does not sag and bend), and the feed traction device 100 and the hydraulic motor 410 are restarted after the installation is completed.
  • the number of the extension drill pipe 450 is gradually increased, and the length of the entire drill pipe assembly is also continuously increased, so that the reaming drilling device 460 can drill and cut various lengths, inclination angles, and diameters to meet the requirements. Oblique hole.
  • the material generated during the drilling process is transported by the scraper. After a drilling and drilling is completed, the reverse drilling rig is removed and hoisted on the transport carrier.
  • the transporting vehicle 500 can transport the reverse drilling rig to the next one. Specify the location to work.
  • the mine inclined hole counter-hole reaming drilling rig adopts the feeding traction device 100 and the wire rope 200 to drive the rotary reaming drilling device 460 to feed, the structure is simple, the assembly is convenient, and the utility model can be stabilized. Efficiently expand and drill larger diameter inclined holes to facilitate slagging and ventilation, reduce labor intensity, eliminate safety hazards, improve work efficiency, improve economic and social benefits, and reduce mining enterprises' mining costs. At the same time, the oblique hole of the mine has a large tilt angle range, which can expand the inclined ventilation shaft or the cutting groove of 5°-90° inclination angle. It is highly practical in resource mining type mining enterprises. Sex can effectively compensate for the shortcomings of the prior art.
  • the embodiment provides a reaming construction method for a mine inclined hole, and the mine inclined hole counter-hole reaming drilling machine in the first embodiment is adopted. It mainly includes the following steps:
  • the reaming drilling device includes a guiding rod, and the guiding rod guides the entire reaming drilling device to move along the axial direction of the hole;
  • the hole drilling device rotates and reams under the driving of the hydraulic motor; this step mainly uses a tool similar to the end milling cutter to ream the hole;
  • the perforating feeding device comprises a traction device and a wire rope, and the traction device is connected to the guiding rod by a steel wire rope, And feeding the reaming drilling device through the wire rope; the step ensures that the step a continues;
  • c. discharging the reamed rotary cut material by means of a drilling material discharge device comprising a spiral blade and a spiral blade transmission, the hydraulic motor driving the spiral blade by the spiral blade transmission Rotating the discharge material; this step causes the drilled ore (rock) material to be discharged in time, thereby facilitating the continuous reaming and preventing the drilling machine from being stuck.
  • the mine inclined hole counter-hole reaming drilling machine adopts the feeding traction device and the wire rope traction rotating reaming drilling device to feed in the drilling direction, the structure is simple, the assembly is convenient, and the diameter can be expanded stably, reliably and efficiently.
  • the inclined hole drilling rig of this mine has a large inclination angle range, which can expand the ventilation shaft or the cutting groove of 5°-90° inclination angle. It has high practicability in resource mining type mining enterprises. Can effectively make up for the shortcomings of the existing technology.

Abstract

公开了一种矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机及矿山斜孔的扩孔施工方法，属于矿山设备领域，包括凿孔进给装置、凿孔旋转切割传动装置（400）以及钻凿料排出装置；凿孔进给装置包括进给牵引装置（100）和钢丝绳（200）；凿孔旋转切割传动装置包括液压马达（410）、减速箱、旋转传动装置以及扩孔钻凿装置（460）；液压马达的旋转动力通过减速箱和旋转传动装置传递给扩孔钻凿装置（460）。扩孔钻凿装置包括导向杆（461）；进给牵引装置（100）的提升动力通过钢丝绳（200）和导向杆（461）传递给扩孔钻凿装置，钻凿料排出装置包括螺旋叶片（470）和螺旋叶片传动装置。本矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机结构简单，组装方便，可以高效、稳定、可靠地扩钻出直径较大的斜孔，从而解决了斜孔(井)施工排渣难度大、效率低和通风困难的问题，不仅降低劳动强度，消除爆破作业的安全隐患和爆破烟尘的污染，更是提高了矿山生产效率、经济效益和社会效益。

Description

矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机及矿山斜孔的扩孔施工方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2016年08月30日提交中国专利局的申请号为201610765553.5，名称为“矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及矿山设备领域，具体而言，涉及一种矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机及矿山斜孔的扩孔施工方法。
背景技术
目前，在矿山开采的过程中，受设备、工艺的影响，长距离的缓倾角通风井或者矿体切割井施工采用传统的掘爆施工，普遍存在排渣和通风困难，劳动强度高，安全隐患大，工作效率低的问题，该工序缺乏安全、高效、自动化程度高的施工设备替代传统方法，是制约缓倾斜矿体开采生产力提升的一个重要因素，使得现在缓倾斜矿体开采的矿山企业，井下开采成本高、经济效益低、社会效益差。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中的至少一个问题，实现了本发明。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机，其包括凿孔 进给装置、凿孔旋转切割传动装置以及钻凿料排出装置，所述凿孔进给装置包括进给牵引装置和钢丝绳，所述凿孔旋转切割传动装置包括液压马达、减速箱、旋转传动装置以及扩孔钻凿装置，液压马达的旋转动力通过所述减速箱和所述旋转传动装置传递给扩孔钻凿装置，所述扩孔钻凿装置包括导向杆，所述进给牵引装置的提升动力通过所述钢丝绳和所述导向杆传递给扩孔钻凿装置，所述钻凿料排出装置包括螺旋叶片和螺旋叶片传动装置，所述液压马达通过所述螺旋叶片传动装置驱动所述螺旋叶片转动排料。
进一步地，所述旋转传动装置包括传动钻杆和多个延伸钻杆；
所述传动钻杆与所述减速箱的输出轴连接，多个所述延伸钻杆首尾可拆卸连接，并与所述传动钻杆连接；
所述传动钻杆通过所述减速箱与所述液压马达连接。
进一步地，所述延伸钻杆的一端设置有外锥螺纹头，另一端设置有内锥螺纹孔；相邻的所述延伸钻杆螺纹连接。
进一步地，所述减速箱的输出轴上设置有花键轴，所述花键轴与减速箱输出轴形成万向转动连接，所述传动钻杆靠近液压马达的一端设置有花键套，所述花键套与所述花键轴呈滑动啮合连接。
进一步地，多根所述延伸钻杆的连接处设置有用于防止延伸钻杆下垂弯曲的转动支撑环。
进一步地，所述螺旋叶片传动装置为所述减速箱的输出轴、所述延伸钻杆 或者所述扩孔钻凿装置，所述螺旋叶片与所述减速箱的输出轴、所述延伸钻杆或者所述扩孔钻凿装置形成同步转动的固定连接。
进一步地，所述凿孔进给装置还包括定滑轮，所述进给牵引装置为能提供不恒定力的卷扬机或液压油缸，所述钢丝绳一端与所述卷扬机或液压油缸连接，另一端绕过所述定滑轮通过缓冲弹簧或橡胶块后与所述扩孔钻凿装置的导向杆连接。
进一步地，还包括运输载车，所述凿孔旋转切割传动装置还包括压力油提供装置，所述压力油提供装置包括油泵驱动电机、油泵、油箱以及油管，所述油泵通过油管与所述液压马达连通，所述液压马达通过油管与所述油箱连通，所述油箱通过油管与所述油泵连通，所述油泵驱动电机驱动所述油泵提供压力油，所述进给牵引装置、油泵驱动电机、油泵以及油箱均固定安装于所述运输载车上。
进一步地，所述运输载车上设置有用于所述卷扬机、压力油提供装置、扩孔钻凿装置的安装、维修拆卸起吊的升降装置。
进一步地，所述导向杆包括转动杆和固定导向头，所述钢丝绳远离所述卷扬机的一端与所述固定导向头固定连接，所述固定导向头与所述转动杆转动连接，所述转动杆与所述扩孔钻凿装置形成同步转动的固定连接。
进一步地，所述固定导向头包括导向锥、第一导向套、第二导向套以及固定环；所述第一导向套和第二导向套的一端分别与导向锥可拆卸连接，另一端分别与固定环可拆卸连接，第一导向套和第二导向套相互贴合共同形成圆管状 的导向套。
进一步地，所述转动杆与所述导向套转动连接，所述导向套转动连接为导向套的两端都设置有轴向承载、定位支承环，所述转动杆远离所述扩孔钻凿装置的一端通过所述支承环的内孔伸入所述导向套内部，所述转动杆位于所述导向套内的部位设置有轴向承载轴承和螺母，所述轴承的外径与所述导向套内径匹配，所述螺母抵住所述轴承远离支承环的一侧能与转动杆形成同步转动连接。
进一步地，所述导向套靠近所述导向锥的一端设置有前端轴向承力环，所述导向锥上设置有轴向承力盘，所述导向锥上轴向承力盘置于所述导向套的轴向承力环内且形成可拆卸固定连接，所述钢丝绳远离卷扬机的一端固定连接于所述导向锥上。
所述导向套靠近所述旋切扩孔装置的一端设置有后端轴向承力环，所述转动杆上设置的轴向承力盘伸入所述导向套内与所述导向套的轴向承力环经轴向推力轴承形成转动连接。
进一步地，所述凿孔旋转切割传动装置还包括旋转驱动固定装置，所述旋转驱动固定装置包括固定装置、横向支撑定位伸缩梁和举升座，所述液压马达固定安装于所述固定装置上，所述横向支撑定位伸缩梁与所述固定装置固定连接，所述举升座与所述固定装置铰动连接。
一种矿山斜孔的扩孔施工方法，包括以下步骤：
a.利用扩孔钻凿装置对施工的导向孔进行扩钻；所述扩孔钻凿装置包括导 向杆，所述导向杆引导整个扩孔钻凿装置沿导向孔的轴线方向运动；所述扩孔钻凿装置在液压马达的带动下旋切扩孔；
b.利用凿孔进给装置牵引所述扩孔钻凿装置沿孔的轴线方向进给；所述凿孔进给装置包括牵引装置和钢丝绳，所述牵引装置通过钢丝绳与所述导向杆连接，并通过所述钢丝绳给所述扩孔钻凿装置进给力；
c.利用钻凿料排出装置将钻凿岩料排出；所述钻凿料排除装置包括螺旋叶片和螺旋叶片传动装置，所述液压马达通过所述螺旋叶片传动装置驱动所述螺旋叶片转动排料；
d、提供不恒定力的卷扬机或液压油缸是在钢丝绳与导向杆的连接处采用橡胶或弹簧缓冲实现。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机正向位的系统结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机的侧向位结构示意图；
图3为图2的A部放大图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的钻井装置的结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的延伸钻杆的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本发明实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围，而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，或者是本领域技术人员惯常理解的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的设备或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“安装”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
实施例：
请参阅图1和图2，本发明提供了一种矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机，其包括凿孔进给装置、凿孔旋转切割传动装置400以及钻凿料排出装置。凿孔进给装置与凿孔旋转切割传动装置连接，用于牵引凿孔旋转切割传动装置沿孔的轴线方向做进给运动。钻凿料排出装置与凿孔旋转切割传动装置连接，用于将凿孔旋转切割产生的石料排出。
如图2，凿孔进给装置包括进给牵引装置100和钢丝绳200。牵引装置100通过钢丝绳200与凿孔旋转切割传动装置400连接，从而给凿孔旋转切割传动装置400进给力，使其做进给运动。可选地，牵引装置为卷扬机，卷扬机通过卷扬运动，给钢丝绳200牵引力，从而给凿孔旋转切割传动装置400进给力。
可选地，凿孔进给装置还包括定滑轮300，钢丝绳200的一端与卷扬机连接，另一端绕过定滑轮300后与扩孔钻凿装置460连接。设置定滑轮300的目 的在于一方面为钢丝绳200提供支撑导向，方便钢丝绳200的布置，另一方面可以改变钢丝绳200的牵引方向，以使本凿孔进给装置可以适应各种地形，提高本反井扩孔钻机的实用性和适应性。
当然，需要说明的是，在其它实施例中，所述卷扬机可以采用液压油缸代替，具体根据实际需求确定。
凿孔旋转切割传动装置400包括液压马达410、减速箱、旋转传动装置以及扩孔钻凿装置460。液压马达410的扭矩通过减速箱和旋转传动装置传递给扩孔钻凿装置460。
扩孔钻凿装置460包括导向杆461和刀具462，刀具462通过导向杆461与进给牵引装置100连接。本实施例中的刀具462为圆锥台状结构，包括大端和小端，大端与导向杆461连接，并且在大端的端面上设置有刀刃。刀具462类似于端面铣刀的结构。小端设置有连接部，用于与旋转传动装置连接。
进一步地，参照图3，本实施例中，导向杆包括转动杆和固定导向头700，固定导向头700的一端与钢丝绳200连接，另一端与转动杆转动连接。转动杆与扩孔钻凿装置460形成同步转动的固定连接。导向杆采用上述结构的目的在于有效防止钢丝绳200随着扩孔钻凿装置460的转动而转动，避免对定滑轮300和进给牵引装置100造成影响，从而保证凿孔进给装置的正常工作。
具体地，固定导向头700包括导向锥710、左导向套、右导向套720以及固定环730。导向锥包括圆锥本体、承力盘和连接部，圆锥本体通过连接部与承力盘连接。圆锥本体为圆锥状结构包括大端和小端，在大端的圆周上设置有 法兰。承力盘为圆形板状结构，与圆锥本体的大端端面平行设置。连接部为圆柱状，其一端与圆锥本体的大端连接，另一端与承力盘连接；并且圆锥本体、承力盘和连接部三者轴线重合。承力盘的直径小于圆锥本体大端直径，连接部的直径小于承力盘的直径，从而在承力盘和圆锥本体之间形成圆环状卡槽。另外，在导向锥上还设置有通孔，通孔沿导向锥的轴线延伸。
左导向套和右导向套结构对称，两者相互贴合共同形成圆管状的导向套。导向套的一端设置有多个螺纹孔，导向套通过螺纹孔与导向锥的法兰可拆卸连接；导向套的另一端与固定环730可拆卸连接。导向套的两端端面上均设置有螺纹孔。
导向套靠近固定环730的一端内壁上设置有支承环，支撑环与导向套的端部连接，形成带有通孔的端盖结构。支承环是由对称的两半拼接而成，两块分别与左导向套和右导向套一体连接。转动杆远离扩孔钻凿装置460的一端通过支承环的通孔伸入导向套内部，并且转动杆位于导向套内的部位设置有轴承800和螺母900，轴承800的外径与导向套内径匹配，螺母900抵住轴承800远离支承环的一侧。
导向套靠近导向锥的一端设置有承力环，承力环与导向套一体连接，在导向套的端部形成带有通孔的端盖结构。承力环是由对称的两半拼接而成，两块分别与左导向套和右导向套一体连接。
固定环整体为设置有通孔的环形板状结构，用于将左导向套和右导向套固定连接。为了便于安装，固定环730分前固定环(靠钢丝绳端)和后固定环(靠导向杆)，前固定环与导向锥的大端一体连接，后固定环与左、右导向套相互 贴合共同形成圆管状的导向套的后端面是可拆卸的固定连接，是为左、右导向套相互贴合共同形成圆管状的导向套满足转动杆转动、承载传递牵引力、拆卸方便的结构件。
钢丝绳、导向套、导向锥与转动杆的装配过程如下:先将钢丝绳的自由端穿过导向锥的通孔，在穿过导向锥通孔的钢丝绳端部设置固定锲块并与导向锥固定连接以防止钢丝绳在导向锥内脱落；将安装了轴向承力轴承的转动杆安装和与钢丝绳连接的导向锥同时安置在导向套中，使轴向承力轴承与导向套的后承力支撑环抵接，同时将导向套的前承力环卡入到导向锥的卡槽中。最后，将前固定环(与导向锥一体)与闭合导向套前端连接，将后固定环与导向套的后(转动杆)端连接。
旋转传动装置包括传动钻杆440和多根延伸钻杆450，液压马达410的输出轴与减速箱输入轴固定连接，减速箱的输出轴上设置有花键轴，所述花键轴与减速箱输出轴形成万向传动连接，传动钻杆440靠近液压马达410的一端设置有花键套，花键套与花键轴滑动啮合，传动钻杆440远离液压马达410的一端设置有外锥螺纹头452，每根延伸钻杆450的一端设置有外锥螺纹头452，另一端设置有内锥螺纹孔451，扩孔钻凿装置460上设置有内锥螺纹孔451，传动钻杆440和多根延伸钻杆450以及扩孔钻凿装置460能通过外锥螺纹头452和内锥螺纹孔451可拆卸连接。多根延伸钻杆450的连接处设置有用于防止延伸钻杆下垂弯曲的转动支撑环。
需要说明的是，在其它实施例中，延伸钻杆之间也可以采用其它方式的螺纹连接，或者采用其它的可拆卸连接方式。
采用传动钻杆440和多根延伸钻杆450作为旋转传动装置的目的在于使得用户可以根据需要不断增减旋转传动装置的传动距离，从而提高本凿孔旋转切割传动装置400的凿孔长度；采用锥螺纹连接传动钻杆440和延伸钻杆450的目的在于方便旋转传动装置的安装和拆卸。
钻凿料排出装置包括螺旋叶片470和螺旋叶片传动装置，液压马达410通过螺旋叶片传动装置驱动螺旋叶片470转动排料。
进一步地，参照图5，本实施例中，螺旋叶片传动装置为延伸钻杆450，螺旋叶片470与延伸钻杆450形成同步转动的固定连接。设置螺旋叶片470的目的在于不断排出扩孔钻凿装置460切割下的物料，保证扩孔钻凿装置460的正常连续进行。
当然，需要说明的是，在其它实施例中，所述螺旋叶片传动装置也可以为减速箱的输出轴或者扩孔钻凿装置460，螺旋叶片470也可以与减速箱的输出轴或者扩孔钻凿装置460形成同步转动的固定连接。
进一步地，本实施例中，矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机还包括运输载车500，凿孔旋转切割传动装置400还包括压力油提供装置(液压站)，压力油提供装置(液压站)包括油泵驱动电机、油泵、油箱以及油管，油泵通过油管与液压马达410连通，液压马达410通过油管与油箱连通，油箱通过油管与油泵连通，油泵驱动电机驱动油泵提供压力油，进给牵引装置100、油泵驱动电机、油泵以及油箱均固定安装于运输载车500上。设置运输载车500的目的在于使得本反井扩孔钻机可以不同工作地点位置间使用时起吊、转移、安装方便快速，有效提高本反井扩孔钻机的机动性。
为了提高本反井扩孔钻机的工作时的稳定性，运输载车500上设置有用于固定卷扬机的固定装置。固定装置可以采用各种结构和形式，本实施例中，固定装置包括多根固定油缸，多根固定油缸部分正立设置，部分倒立设置，且分布于运输载车500的各个部位，卷扬机开始工作前，可以启动多根固定油缸，多根固定油缸的活塞杆伸出分别抵住工作硐室的地面和顶壁。
采用上述结构连接固定导向头700和转动杆的目的在于其具有结构简单，装拆方便，工作稳定的特点，可以有效实现固定导向头700和转动杆之间的转动连接，避免钢丝绳200随着扩孔钻凿装置460一起转动，保证凿孔进给装置的正常工作。
进一步地，参照图4，本实施例中，凿孔旋转切割传动装置400还包括旋转驱动固定装置，旋转驱动固定装置包括固定装置、横向支撑定位伸缩梁431和举升座430，液压马达410固定安装于固定装置上，横向支撑定位伸缩梁431与固定装置固定连接，举升座430与固定装置转动连接。设置上运输载车500的目的在于使得本反井扩孔钻机可以移动到任何工作位置，可以有效提高本反井钻机的机动性。
设置横向支撑定位伸缩梁431和举升座430的目的在于支撑和稳定液压马达410。同时，举升座430和横向支撑定位伸缩梁431还为扩孔钻凿装置460的旋转提供反作用力，保证旋转运动的稳定进行，而采用转动连接和延伸钻杆与传动箱输出轴的万向转动连接可以使得举升座430上的旋转驱动输出中心指向对钻凿孔轴中心可以在一定范围内调节，以便适应不同的地形环境，提高本反井扩孔钻机的实用性。
本矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机的工作原理和过程是这样的：第一步，在矿山井下的指定位置钻设一个扩钻导向孔和一个钻凿进给牵引绳穿导孔，并在扩钻导向孔的起扩处施工满足要求的旋转驱动装置安装硐室。
第二步，运输载车500移动到上述指定位置处，并安装反井扩孔钻机的旋转驱动及钻凿扩孔装置，具体地，将运输载车500、进给牵引装置100以及凿孔旋转切割传动装置400转运到旋转驱动装置安装硐室，先将缠绕在进给牵引装置100的上的钢丝绳200拖拽出来穿过钻凿进给牵引绳穿导孔，然后绕过上层巷道安装在其顶部的定滑轮300后，从扩钻导向孔引出后与扩孔钻凿装置460进行可靠连接，再运输载车500上的起吊装置将扩孔钻机的旋转驱动及钻凿扩孔装置安装在所述安装硐室内。运输载车500移动到预设位置，启动运输载车500上的多根稳定油缸600，多根稳定油缸600的活塞杆伸出并抵住所在位置硐室的墙壁，从而固定运输载车500和进给牵引装置100固定在工作点的位置；启动进给提升装置，并用进给提升装置和辅助设施吊起就位安装扩孔钻凿装置460，调整定位旋转驱动的液压马达410、减速箱和供油管路，从而使旋转驱动装置具备提供旋转动力的条件，接着用传动钻杆440将扩孔钻凿装置460和旋转切割传动装置400连接安装好满足钻凿扩孔的条件。
第三步，开启运输载车500上的压力油供给系统，为进给牵引装置100和旋转驱动装置供给压力油，使液压马达410驱动花键轴转动，花键轴带动传动钻杆440转动，传动钻杆440带动延伸钻杆450转动，延伸钻杆450带动扩孔钻凿装置460转动；再启动运输载车500上的电机或液压马达410工作亦开始工作，进给牵引装置100开始拉动钢丝绳200的一端，使得钢丝绳200收纳于进给牵引装置100内，此时钢丝绳200的另一端就会牵引转动的扩孔钻凿装置 460沿直径较小的扩钻导向孔的扩凿延伸方向进给，实现钻凿扩孔作业；钻凿扩孔时后，再启动进给的驱动牵引卷扬机，使卷扬机牵引旋转的扩孔钻凿装置460向前运动从而钻切扩孔；钻切产生的废料会在被旋转切割传动装置400带动螺旋叶片470的转动下快速地排出斜孔。
在上述钻孔的过程中，需要说明的是，多根延伸钻杆450不是在开始钻孔前一起安装在传动钻杆440上，而是随着扩孔钻凿装置460的不断进给一根一根逐渐添加的。比如开始钻孔前可以先安装一根延伸钻杆450，之后随着扩孔钻凿装置460的不断进给，传动钻杆440也会不断进给并逐渐脱离花键轴，当传动钻杆440即将完全脱离花键轴时，停止进给牵引装置100和液压马达410，然后旋转拉动传动钻杆440，使其回到初始位置，然后将一根延伸钻杆450的两端加装于传动钻杆440和之前安装好的延伸钻杆450之间(在安装延伸钻杆450时，可以再延伸钻杆450的端部套设一个支承环，以便支撑钻杆总成，保证钻杆总成在扩凿孔内不下垂弯曲)，安装完成后重新启动进给牵引装置100和液压马达410即可。重复上述操作过程，延伸钻杆450的数量就会逐渐增加，整个钻杆总成的长度也不断增加，这样扩孔钻凿装置460就可以钻切出各种长度、倾斜角度且直径达到要求的斜孔。
钻孔进行过程中产生的物料，用铲运车运走，一个扩凿钻孔完成后，拆除反井钻机并吊装在运输载车上，运输载车500即可将反井钻机运输到下一个指定位置进行工作。
综上所述，本矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机采用进给牵引装置100和钢丝绳200牵引旋转的扩孔钻凿装置460进给的方式，结构简单，组装方便，可以稳定可 靠高效地扩钻出直径较大的斜孔，从而方便排渣和通风，降低劳动强度，消除安全隐患，提高工作效率，提高经济效益和社会效益，降低矿山企业的采矿成本。同时，本矿山斜孔反井钻钻孔倾斜角度范围较大，可以扩钻出5°-90°倾斜角的斜通风井或回采切割槽，在资源开采型矿山企业中，具有很高的实用性，可以有效弥补现有技术的缺陷。
实施例2：
本实施例提供了一种矿山斜孔的扩孔施工方法，采用了实施例1中的矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机。主要包括以下步骤：
a.利用扩孔钻凿装置对原施工的导孔进行扩钻；所述扩孔钻凿装置包括导向杆，所述导向杆引导整个扩孔钻凿装置沿孔的轴线方向运动；所述扩孔钻凿装置在液压马达的带动下旋切扩孔；该步骤主要是利用类似于端铣刀的刀具进行扩孔；
b.利用凿孔进给装置牵引所述扩孔钻凿装置沿孔的轴线方向进给；所述凿孔进给装置包括牵引装置和钢丝绳，所述牵引装置通过钢丝绳与所述导向杆连接，并通过所述钢丝绳给所述扩孔钻凿装置进给力；该步骤保证了步骤a的持续进行；
c.利用钻凿料排出装置将扩孔的旋切料料排出；所述钻凿料排除装置包括螺旋叶片和螺旋叶片传动装置，所述液压马达通过所述螺旋叶片传动装置驱动所述螺旋叶片转动排料；该步骤使得钻切下来的矿(岩)料及时排出，从而便于扩孔的持续进行，防止钻机卡死。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
工业实用性
本矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机采用进给牵引装置和钢丝绳牵引旋转的扩孔钻凿装置向钻凿方向进给的方式，结构简单，组装方便，可以稳定可靠、高效地扩钻出直径较大的斜孔，并方便排渣和通风，降低劳动强度，消除通风井、切割槽施工安全隐患，提高工作效率，提高经济效益和社会效益，减少矿山企业的采矿成本。同时，本矿山斜孔反井钻机钻孔倾斜角度范围较大，可以扩钻出5°-90°倾斜角的通风井或回采切割槽，在资源开采型矿山企业中，具有很高的实用性，可以有效弥补现有技术的缺陷。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机，其特征在于，包括凿孔进给装置、凿孔旋转切割传动装置以及钻凿料排出装置，所述凿孔进给装置包括进给牵引装置和钢丝绳，所述凿孔旋转切割传动装置包括液压马达、减速箱、旋转传动装置以及扩孔钻凿装置，液压马达的旋转动力通过所述减速箱和所述旋转传动装置传递给扩孔钻凿装置，所述扩孔钻凿装置包括导向杆，所述进给牵引装置的牵引提升动力通过所述钢丝绳和所述导向杆传递给扩孔钻凿装置，所述钻凿料排出装置包括螺旋叶片和螺旋叶片传动装置，所述液压马达通过所述螺旋叶片传动装置驱动所述螺旋叶片转动排料。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机，其特征在于，所述旋转传动装置包括传动钻杆和多个延伸钻杆；
    所述传动钻杆与所述减速箱的输出轴连接，多个所述延伸钻杆首尾可拆卸连接，并与所述传动钻杆连接；
    所述传动钻杆通过所述减速箱与所述液压马达连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机，其特征在于，所述延伸钻杆的一端设置有外锥螺纹头，另一端设置有内锥螺纹孔；相邻的所述延伸钻杆螺纹连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机，其特征在于，所述减速 箱的输出轴上设置有花键轴，所述花键轴与减速箱输出轴形成万向转动连接，所述传动钻杆靠近液压马达的一端设置有花键套，所述花键套与所述花键轴呈滑动啮合连接。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机，其特征在于，多根所述延伸钻杆的连接处设置有用于防止延伸钻杆下垂弯曲的转动支撑环。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机，其特征在于，所述螺旋叶片传动装置为所述减速箱的输出轴、所述延伸钻杆或者所述扩孔钻凿装置，所述螺旋叶片与所述减速箱的输出轴、所述延伸钻杆或者所述扩孔钻凿装置形成同步转动的固定连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机，其特征在于，所述凿孔进给装置还包括定滑轮，所述进给牵引装置为能提供不恒定力的卷扬机或液压油缸，所述钢丝绳一端与所述卷扬机或液压油缸连接，另一端绕过所述定滑轮通过缓冲弹簧或橡胶块后与所述扩孔钻凿装置的导向杆连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机，其特征在于，还包括运输载车，所述凿孔旋转切割传动装置还包括压力油提供装置，所述压力油提供装置包括油泵驱动电机、油泵、油箱以及油管，所述油泵通过油管与所述液压马达连通，所述液压马达通过油管与所述油箱连通，所述油箱通过油管与所述油泵连通，所述油泵驱动电机驱动所述油泵提供压力油，所述进给牵引装置、油泵驱动电机、油泵以及油箱均固定安装于所述运输载车上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机，其特征在于，所述运输 载车上设置有用于所述卷扬机、压力油提供装置、扩孔钻凿装置的安装、维修拆卸起吊的升降装置。
  10. 根据权利要求7至9任一项所述的矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机，其特征在于，所述导向杆包括转动杆和固定导向头，所述钢丝绳远离所述卷扬机的一端与所述固定导向头固定连接，所述固定导向头与所述转动杆转动连接，所述转动杆与所述扩孔钻凿装置形成同步转动的固定连接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机，其特征在于，所述固定导向头包括导向锥、第一导向套、第二导向套以及固定环；所述第一导向套和第二导向套的一端分别与导向锥可拆卸连接，另一端分别与固定环可拆卸连接，第一导向套和第二导向套相互贴合共同形成圆管状的导向套。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机，其特征在于，所述转动杆与所述导向套转动连接，所述导向套转动连接为导向套的两端都设置有轴向承载、定位支承环，所述转动杆远离所述扩孔钻凿装置的一端通过所述支承环的内孔伸入所述导向套内部，所述转动杆位于所述导向套内的部位设置有轴向承载轴承和螺母，所述轴承的外径与所述导向套内径匹配，所述螺母抵住所述轴承远离支承环的一侧能与转动杆形成同步转动连接。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机，其特征在于，所述导向套靠近所述导向锥的一端设置有前端轴向承力环，所述导向锥上设置有轴向承力盘，所述导向锥上轴向承力盘置于所述导向套的轴向承力环内且形成可拆卸固定连接，所述钢丝绳远离卷扬机的一端固定连接于所述导向锥上；
    所述导向套的另一端设置有后端轴向承力环，所述转动杆上设置的轴向承力盘伸入所述导向套内与所述导向套的轴向承力环经轴向推力轴承形成转动连接。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的矿山斜孔反井扩孔钻机，其特征在于，所述凿孔旋转切割传动装置还包括旋转驱动固定装置，所述旋转驱动固定装置包括固定装置、横向支撑定位伸缩梁和举升座，所述液压马达固定安装于所述固定装置上，所述横向支撑定位伸缩梁与所述固定装置固定连接，所述举升座与所述固定装置铰动连接。
  15. 一种矿山斜孔的扩孔施工方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    a.利用扩孔钻凿装置对施工的导向孔进行扩钻；所述扩孔钻凿装置包括导向杆，所述导向杆引导整个扩孔钻凿装置沿导向孔的轴线方向运动；所述扩孔钻凿装置在液压马达的带动下旋切扩孔；
    b.利用凿孔进给装置牵引所述扩孔钻凿装置沿孔的轴线方向进给；所述凿孔进给装置包括牵引装置和钢丝绳，所述牵引装置通过钢丝绳与所述导向杆连接，并通过所述钢丝绳给所述扩孔钻凿装置进给力；
    c.利用钻凿料排出装置将钻凿岩料排出；所述钻凿料排除装置包括螺旋叶片和螺旋叶片传动装置，所述液压马达通过所述螺旋叶片传动装置驱动所述螺旋叶片转动排料；
    d、提供不恒定力的卷扬机或液压油缸是在钢丝绳与导向杆的连接处采用橡胶或弹簧缓冲实现。
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