WO2018033070A1 - 一种流体动力转化装置及流体动力转化方法 - Google Patents

一种流体动力转化装置及流体动力转化方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018033070A1
WO2018033070A1 PCT/CN2017/097527 CN2017097527W WO2018033070A1 WO 2018033070 A1 WO2018033070 A1 WO 2018033070A1 CN 2017097527 W CN2017097527 W CN 2017097527W WO 2018033070 A1 WO2018033070 A1 WO 2018033070A1
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Prior art keywords
slider
rotor
power conversion
annular
fluid power
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PCT/CN2017/097527
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
唐翊翃
唐立
唐静
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唐翊翃
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Publication of WO2018033070A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018033070A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/30—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F01C1/34—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F01C1/344—Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
    • F03C2/00—Rotary-piston engines
    • F03C2/30—Rotary-piston engines having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F03C2/02, F03C2/08, F03C2/22, F03C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
    • F03C2/00—Rotary-piston engines
    • F03C2/30—Rotary-piston engines having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F03C2/02, F03C2/08, F03C2/22, F03C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F03C2/304—Rotary-piston engines having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F03C2/02, F03C2/08, F03C2/22, F03C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having both the movements defined in sub-group F03C2/08 or F03C2/22 and relative reciprocation between members

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of fluid dynamic conversion, and in particular to a fluid power conversion device and a fluid dynamic conversion method.
  • the existing gas turbine or hydraulic turbine In the existing gas turbine or hydraulic turbine, the internal pressure chamber is not sealed, and the gas or liquid is largely lost from the gap in the pressure chamber, so that the gas turbine or the turbine cannot sufficiently obtain a constant and stable torque, thereby making the existing gas turbine Or the energy conversion efficiency of the turbine is low. Therefore, the existing gas turbine or hydraulic turbine is not only complicated in structure but also has low energy conversion efficiency.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a hydrodynamic conversion method capable of efficiently achieving conversion between fluid kinetic energy and rotor mechanical energy.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a fluid power conversion apparatus including a stator, a rotor, a baffle plate, and a slider; the rotor is rotatably coupled to the stator; and a stator is formed between a bottom wall opposite to the rotor a circular annular cavity; the stator is provided with an inlet and an outlet; the baffle is fixedly connected to the stator and is slidably connected to the rotor; the baffle is located in the circular cavity And between the inlet and the outlet; the rotor is provided with a sliding slot corresponding to the end surface of the annular cavity; each of the sliding slots is provided with a slider; the sliding a block extending from the chute, separating from the baffle and dividing the annular cavity into two sub-cavities of different pressures, wherein the inlet and the outlet are respectively located in the two sub-spaces Within the cavity, the slider retracts into the chute to pass over the baffle.
  • a guide groove is defined in a sidewall of the stator adjacent to the annular cavity, and the guide groove has an undulating annular shape, and the slider is fixed to a side of the guide groove.
  • a bearing is coupled, the bearing is rollingly fitted in the guide groove, and the bearing rolls along the guide groove and drives the slider to reciprocally slide in the sliding groove.
  • the stator includes a first annular sidewall, a bottom wall and an inner cylinder
  • the inner cylinder is disposed inside the first annular sidewall, the inner cylinder and the first annular side Wall coaxial setting
  • the bottom wall is disposed at one end of the first annular side wall and the inner cylinder, and the bottom wall, the first annular side wall and the inner cylinder are fixedly connected or integrally formed
  • the inner cylinder Forming the annular cavity between the body and the first annular sidewall, the baffle is disposed at a bottom of the annular cavity, the baffle and the first annular sidewall,
  • the bottom wall and the inner cylinder are fixedly connected or integrally formed.
  • the rotor is a hollow structure
  • the rotor includes a second annular sidewall and a top wall
  • the top wall is disposed at one end of the second annular sidewall
  • the second annular sidewall is inserted into the In the annular cavity
  • the inner cylinder is inserted into the second annular sidewall
  • the sliding slot is opened at an end of the second annular sidewall away from the top wall.
  • the second annular sidewall extends radially through the second annular sidewall
  • the sliding slot extends along an axial direction of the second annular sidewall to an end of the second annular sidewall away from the top wall.
  • the number of the sliding slots is at least two, and the sliding slots are evenly disposed with respect to an axis of the second annular sidewall.
  • the bearing is respectively connected to the first annular sidewall and the two sides of the inner cylinder with the bearing, an inner surface of the first annular sidewall and an outer portion of the inner cylinder
  • the guide grooves are respectively opposite to the surface.
  • the guiding groove formed on the outer surface of the inner cylinder includes a first extending portion and a second extending portion, and the first extending portion and the second extending portion are connected end to end, and the first extending portion is along
  • the inner cylinder extends circumferentially, and two ends of the second extension are respectively communicated with two ends of the first extension, and a midpoint of the second extension is opposite to the second extension Both ends are away from the bottom wall.
  • the inlet and the outlet are opened on the first annular side wall or the bottom wall.
  • the length of the slider along the radial direction of the rotor is equal to the thickness of the second annular sidewall, and the length of the slider along the axial direction of the rotor is equal to the axial direction of the sliding slot along the rotor depth.
  • a center of the top wall is fixedly disposed with a rotating shaft, and a central portion of the inner cylinder is provided with a shaft hole, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the shaft hole.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide a hydrodynamic conversion method using the fluid power conversion device mentioned above, the method comprising:
  • the slider passes through the outlet, and fluid is discharged through the outlet;
  • the slider rotates with the rotor and approaches the baffle plate, and the slider retracts into the chute and passes over the baffle;
  • the slider rotates with the rotor and away from the baffle plate, and the slider extends.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide another fluid power conversion method using the fluid power conversion device mentioned above, the method comprising:
  • the rotor rotates, the slider moves about an axis of the rotor;
  • the slider passes through the outlet, and fluid is discharged through the outlet;
  • the slider rotates with the rotor and approaches the baffle plate, and the slider retracts into the chute and passes over the baffle;
  • the slider moves away from the baffle and the slider extends.
  • the fluid power conversion device provided by the embodiment has the advantages of simple structure, convenient manufacture and low cost, and a unidirectional flow path of liquid or gas is formed in the inside of the circular cavity by providing the baffle plate, and the sealing property is good.
  • the sliding area of the slider on the rotor is large, which can cause the rotor to receive a large tangential force and improve the efficiency of the rotor to convert the kinetic energy of liquid or gas into mechanical energy.
  • the slider has a large action area on liquid or gas, and has a large driving force for liquid or gas, and can effectively improve the efficiency of converting kinetic energy of mechanical energy into liquid or gas.
  • the fluid power conversion device realizes a method for hydrodynamic conversion, which can effectively realize conversion between fluid kinetic energy and rotor mechanical energy, and has high conversion efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view showing a full-sectional structure of a fluid power conversion device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the assembly structure of the slider and the bearing of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the inner cylinder of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fluid power conversion device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Icon 100-fluid power conversion device; 110-stator; 111-first annular sidewall; 112-bottom wall; 113-inner cylinder; 120-rotor; 121-second annular sidewall; 122-top wall; - shaft; 130 - barrier plate; 140 - slider; 150 - bearing; 160 - annular cavity; 170 - chute; 180 - guide groove; 181 - first extension; 182 - second extension; - shaft hole; 200-inlet; 300-outlet.
  • connection should be understood broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection or a
  • the connection is disassembled or connected integrally; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be internal communication between the two elements.
  • the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case by those skilled in the art.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view of a full power structure of a fluid power conversion device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fluid power conversion device 100 includes a stator 110, a rotor 120, a baffle plate 130, a slider 140, and a bearing 150. Both the stator 110 and the rotor 120 are of a revolving structure.
  • An annular cavity 160 is formed between the stator 110 and the bottom wall 112 opposite the rotor 120.
  • Barrier 130 is disposed in the annular cavity 160 and fixedly coupled to the stator 110 and slidably coupled to the rotor 120.
  • the rotor 120 is rotatably coupled to the stator 110.
  • a sliding slot 170 is defined in the end surface of the rotor 120 corresponding to the annular cavity 160.
  • a slider 140 is disposed in each of the chutes 170. The slider 140 extends from the chute 170, separates from the baffle plate 130, and divides the annular cavity 160 into two sub-cavities of different pressures. The slider 140 is retracted into the chute 170 to pass over the baffle 130.
  • the pressure of the inlet 200 is greater than the pressure of the outlet 300 to generate a driving force, so that the movement of the slider 140 is achieved, and the slider 140 is equivalent to The rotation fits within the annular cavity 160.
  • a bearing 150 is fixedly coupled to each end of each slider 140.
  • Guide grooves 180 are respectively formed on the two surfaces of the stator 110 facing the two ends of the slider 140.
  • the bearing 150 rolls along the guide groove 180 to drive the slider 140 to axially reciprocately slide in the chute 170.
  • the stator 110 includes a first annular sidewall 111, a bottom wall 112, and an inner cylinder 113.
  • the inner cylinder 113 is disposed inside the first annular sidewall 111 and disposed coaxially with the first annular sidewall 111.
  • the bottom wall 112 is disposed at one end of the first annular side wall 111 and the inner cylinder 113, and integrally connects the first annular side wall 111 and the inner cylinder 113.
  • An annular cavity 160 is formed between the inner cylinder 113 and the first annular sidewall 111.
  • the baffle plate 130 is disposed at the bottom of the annular cavity 160 and is fixedly coupled to the first annular sidewall 111, the bottom wall 112, and the inner cylinder 113.
  • a guide groove 180 is defined in the inner surface of the first annular side wall 111 and the outer surface of the inner cylinder 113, respectively.
  • a shaft hole 190 is defined in the center of the inner cylinder 113.
  • the rotor 120 has a hollow structure.
  • the rotor 120 includes a second annular sidewall 121 and a top wall 122.
  • Top wall 122 is disposed at one end of the second annular side wall 121.
  • the chute 170 is defined at one end of the second annular sidewall 121 away from the top wall 122.
  • the chute 170 penetrates the second annular sidewall 121 in the radial direction of the second annular sidewall 121.
  • the chute 170 extends along the axial direction of the second annular side wall 121 to an end surface of the second annular side wall 121 away from the top wall 122.
  • a rotating shaft 123 is fixedly disposed at a center position of the top wall 122.
  • the second annular sidewall 121 is inserted into the annular cavity 160.
  • the inner cylinder 113 is inserted into the second annular side wall 121.
  • the rotating shaft 123 is rotatably coupled in the shaft hole 190.
  • the number of the chute 170 and the slider 140 is variously selected, preferably two or more. In this embodiment, the number of the chutes 170 is two. The two chutes 170 are symmetrically disposed with respect to the axis of the second annular side wall 121.
  • the three chutes 170 are opened at a uniform angle on the second annular side wall 121. That is to say, the three chutes 170 are at an angle of 120° between the two. A greater number of chutes 170 are analogous.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the assembly structure of the slider 140 and the bearing 150 of FIG. 1 , see FIG. 2 .
  • the slider 140 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure.
  • the length of the slider 140 in the radial direction of the rotor 120 is equal to the thickness of the second annular side wall 121.
  • the length of the slider 140 in the axial direction of the rotor 120 is equal to the depth of the chute 170 in the axial direction of the rotor 120.
  • a bearing 150 is attached to the slider 140 toward the first annular side wall 111 and the two sides of the inner cylinder 113, respectively. That is to say, bearings 150 are respectively connected to opposite sides of the slider 140.
  • the two bearings 150 are in the same radial direction of the rotor 120.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the inner cylinder 113 of FIG. 1 , see FIG. 3 .
  • the extending groove shape of the guide groove 180 on the outer surface of the inner cylinder 113 is an undulating annular shape.
  • the guide groove 180 includes a first extension 181 and a second extension 182.
  • the first extension 181 and the second extension 182 are connected end to end.
  • the first extending section 181 extends in the circumferential direction on the outer surface of the inner cylinder 113, that is, the distance between the same end faces of the inner cylinder 113 in the first extending section 181 is equal, or the first extending section
  • the upper 181 is equal to the bottom wall 112 (see Figure 1). Both ends of the second extension 182 are respectively in communication with both ends of the first extension 181.
  • Both ends of the second extension 182 are closest to the bottom wall 112 relative to other portions of the second extension 182.
  • the midpoint of the second extension 182 is furthest from the bottom wall 112 than other locations on the channel 180.
  • the midpoint of the second extension 182 is located above the baffle 130.
  • the first extension 181 has an arc of 180° on the circumferential surface of the inner cylinder 113.
  • the curvature of the first extension 181 can also select other values, such as 90°, 120°, and the like.
  • the slider 140 when the bearing 150 is located at the first extension 181 of the guide groove 180 , the slider 140 is closest to the bottom wall 112 . When the bearing 150 is at the midpoint of the second extension 182, the slider 140 is furthest from the bottom wall 112, while the slider 140 is just above the barrier 130.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fluid power conversion device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • An inlet 200 and an outlet 300 are opened on the stator 110. Both the inlet 200 and the outlet 300 allow the annular cavity 160 to communicate with the outside.
  • the inlet 200 and the outlet 300 may be opened on the first annular side wall 111 or on the bottom wall 112. In this embodiment, the inlet 200 and the outlet 300 are formed on the bottom wall 112 and opposite to each other on both sides of the barrier plate 130.
  • the working principle of the fluid power conversion device 100 provided in this embodiment is that after the gas or liquid flows into the annular cavity 160 from the inlet 200, the barrier plate 130 is blocked from the barrier plate 130.
  • the direction of flow which pushes the slider 140 extending from the slot 170 to rotate into engagement with the annular cavity 160, causing the rotor 120 to rotate about its own axis.
  • the bearing 150 on the slider 140 rolls in the guide groove 180 to drive the slider 140 to move in the axial direction of the rotor 120.
  • the slider 140 When the slider 140 is rotated to the position of the baffle 130, the bearing 150 rolls to the midpoint of the second extension 182, the slider 140 is fully retracted into the chute 170 and above the baffle 130, and the slider 140 continues to move. And crossing the baffle 130. At this time, the gas or liquid has been discharged from the outlet 300. After the slider 140 passes over the barrier plate 130, the slider 140 gradually approaches the bottom wall 112 under the guiding action of the guiding groove 180 to achieve the optimal working condition of the slider 140. After the slider 140 completes the work, it gradually moves away from the bottom. The wall 112 is retracted into the chute 170 for smooth passage over the baffle 130.
  • the slider 140 is always subjected to the thrust of gas or liquid to drive the rotor 120 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 123 on the rotor 120 can be used to drive other equipment to rotate, thereby converting the kinetic energy of the fluid into mechanical energy.
  • the fluid power conversion device 100 can also drive the rotor 120 to rotate by using other driving devices. Under the action of the rotation of the rotor 120, the rotor 120 drives the slider 140 and pushes the fluid movement in the circular cavity 160. To achieve the kinetic energy of converting mechanical energy into fluid motion.
  • the slider 140 in this embodiment can also have other regular or irregular shape structures, and the slider 140 can be passed over the barrier 130 as long as the slider 140 moves to the position of the barrier 130.
  • the fluid power conversion device 100 provided in this embodiment is not only simple in structure, convenient in manufacture, and low in cost, but also forms a one-way flow path of liquid or gas in the inside of the circular cavity 160 by providing the baffle plate 130, and the sealing property is better. it is good.
  • the force receiving area of the slider 140 on the rotor 120 is large, which can cause the rotor 120 to receive a large tangential force and improve the efficiency of the rotor 120 to convert the kinetic energy of liquid or gas into mechanical energy.
  • slider 140 It has a large action area on liquid or gas, and has a large driving force for liquid or gas, and can effectively improve the efficiency of converting kinetic energy of mechanical energy into liquid or gas.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide a hydrodynamic conversion method using the above-described fluid power conversion device 100, the method comprising:
  • the slider 140 that protrudes from the sliding groove 170 to rotately fit in the circular cavity 160 is moved to rotate the rotor 120 about the axis of the rotor 120;
  • the slider 140 passes through the outlet 300, and the fluid is discharged through the outlet 300;
  • the slider 140 rotates with the rotor 120 and approaches the baffle plate 130, and the slider 140 retracts into the chute 170 and passes over the baffle plate 130;
  • the slider 140 rotates with the rotor 120 and away from the barrier plate 130, and the slider 140 extends.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide a hydrodynamic conversion method using the above-described fluid power conversion device 100, the method comprising:
  • the rotor 120 rotates, and the slider 140 moves about the axis of the rotor 120;
  • the slider 140 extending from the sliding slot 170 to rotatably fit within the annular cavity 160 pushes the fluid to move;
  • the slider 140 passes through the outlet 300, and the fluid is discharged through the outlet 300;
  • the slider 140 is adjacent to the baffle plate 130, and the slider 140 is retracted into the chute 170 and passed over the baffle plate 130;
  • the slider 140 moves and moves away from the baffle plate 130, and the slider 140 extends.
  • the present invention provides a fluid power conversion device which is simple in structure and easy to manufacture. Whether the kinetic energy of the fluid is converted into the mechanical energy of the rotor or the mechanical energy of the rotor is converted into the kinetic energy of the fluid, the energy conversion efficiency is high. , practical.

Abstract

一种流体动力转化装置，包括定子（110）、转子（120）、阻隔板（130）和滑块（140），转子（120）与定子（110）转动连接。定子（110）与转子（120）相对的底壁之间形成有圆环形空腔（160）。定子（110）上开设有进口（200）和出口（300）。阻隔板（130）固定连接在定子（110）上、并与转子（120）滑动连接。阻隔板（130）位于圆环形空腔（160）内。转子（120）对应圆环形空腔（160）的端面上开设有滑槽（170）。每一滑槽（170）内设置有一个滑块（140）。滑块（140）从滑槽（170）内伸出以至转动地配合于圆环形空腔（160）内、且与阻隔板（130）一并将圆环形空腔（160）分成压力不等的两个子空腔。还涉及一种流体动力转化方法。该流体动力转化装置不仅结构简单、而且动能与机械能相互转化的效率高。该流体动力转化方法可以有效的实现流体动能和转子机械能之间的相互转化，转化的效率高。

Description

一种流体动力转化装置及流体动力转化方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2016年08月19日提交中国专利局的申请号为2016106855106、名称为“气体、液体与动力转化系统”的中国专利申请的优先权；
以及于2016年11月30日提交中国专利局的申请号为201611086327.0、名称为“一种流体动力转化装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及流体动力转化领域，具体而言，涉及一种流体动力转化装置及流体动力转化方法。
背景技术
现有的气轮机或水轮机，其内部的压力腔并不是密封的，气体或液体从压力腔内的空隙大量流失，造成气轮机或水轮机无法充分获得持续稳定的力矩，从而使现有的气轮机或水轮机的能量转化效率较低。因此，现有的气轮机或水轮机不仅结构复杂，而且能量转化效率较低。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种流体动力转化装置，其旨在解决现有的气轮机或水轮机不仅结构复杂，而且能量转化效率较低的技术问题。
本发明的另一目的在于提供了一种流体动力转化方法，其能够有效的实现流体动能和转子机械能之间的转化。
本发明的实施例是这样实现的：
本发明的实施例提供了一种流体动力转化装置，其包括定子、转子、阻隔板和滑块；所述转子与所述定子转动连接；所述定子与所述转子相对的底壁之间形成有圆环形空腔；所述定子上开设有进口和出口；所述阻隔板固定连接在所述定子上、并与所述转子滑动连接；所述阻隔板位于所述圆环形空腔内、且在所述进口与所述出口之间；所述转子对应所述圆环形空腔的端面上开设有滑槽；每一所述滑槽内设置有一个所述滑块；所述滑块从所述滑槽内伸出、与所述阻隔板一并将所述圆环形空腔分成压力不等的两个子空腔，所述进口与所述出口分别位于两个所述子空腔内，所述滑块缩回所述滑槽内以越过所述阻隔板。
可选的，所述定子靠近所述圆环形空腔的侧壁上开设有导槽，所述导槽的延伸形状为起伏环状形，所述滑块靠近所述导槽的一侧固定连接有轴承，所述轴承滚动地配合于所述导槽内，所述轴承沿所述导槽滚动且带动所述滑块在所述滑槽内往复滑动。
可选的，所述定子包括第一环形侧壁、底壁和内圆柱体，所述内圆柱体设置在所述第一环形侧壁的内部，所述内圆柱体与所述第一环形侧壁同轴设置， 所述底壁设置在所述第一环形侧壁和所述内圆柱体的一端，所述底壁、所述第一环形侧壁和所述内圆柱体固定连接或一体成型，所述内圆柱体与所述第一环形侧壁之间形成所述圆环形空腔，所述阻隔板设置在所述圆环形空腔的底部，所述阻隔板与所述第一环形侧壁、所述底壁和所述内圆柱体固定连接或一体成型。
可选的，所述转子为中空结构，所述转子包括第二环形侧壁和顶壁，所述顶壁设置在所述第二环形侧壁的一端，所述第二环形侧壁插入所述圆环形空腔内，所述内圆柱体插入所述第二环形侧壁内，所述滑槽开设在所述第二环形侧壁的远离所述顶壁的一端，所述滑槽沿所述第二环形侧壁的径向贯穿所述第二环形侧壁，所述滑槽沿所述第二环形侧壁的轴向延伸至所述第二环形侧壁远离所述顶壁的一端。
可选的，所述滑槽的数量为至少两个，所述滑槽相对所述第二环形侧壁的轴线均匀设置。
可选的，所述滑块朝向所述第一环形侧壁和所述内圆柱体的两侧分别连接有所述轴承，所述第一环形侧壁的内表面和所述内圆柱体的外表面分别相对开设有所述导槽。
可选的，所述内圆柱体的外表面开设的导槽包括第一延伸段和第二延伸段，所述第一延伸段和所述第二延伸段首尾相连，所述第一延伸段沿所述内圆柱体的周向延伸，所述第二延伸段的两端分别与所述第一延伸段的两端连通，所述第二延伸段的中点相对于所述第二延伸段的两端远离所述底壁。
可选的，所述进口和所述出口开设在所述第一环形侧壁或所述底壁。
可选的，所述滑块沿所述转子径向的长度等于所述第二环形侧壁的厚度，所述滑块沿所述转子轴向的长度等于所述滑槽沿所述转子轴向的深度。
可选的，所述顶壁的中心位置固定设置有转轴，所述内圆柱体的中心位置开设有轴孔，所述转轴可转动的连接在所述轴孔内。
本发明的实施例还提供了一种流体动力转化方法，使用上述提到的流体动力转化装置，该方法包括：
流体通过所述进口进入所述圆环形空腔后，推动从所述滑槽内伸出的所述滑块运动，使所述转子绕所述转子的轴线转动；
所述滑块经过所述出口，流体通过所述出口排出；
所述滑块随所述转子转动并靠近所述阻隔板，所述滑块缩回至所述滑槽中并越过所述阻隔板；
所述滑块随所述转子转动并远离所述阻隔板，所述滑块伸出。
本发明的实施例还提供了另一种流体动力转化方法，使用上述提到的流体动力转化装置，该方法包括：
所述转子转动，所述滑块绕所述转子的轴线运动；
流体通过所述进口进入所述圆环形空腔后，从所述滑槽内伸出的所述滑块推动流体运动；
所述滑块经过所述出口，流体通过所述出口排出；
所述滑块随所述转子转动并靠近所述阻隔板，所述滑块缩回至所述滑槽中并越过所述阻隔板；
所述滑块移动并远离所述阻隔板，所述滑块伸出。
与现有的技术相比，本发明实施例的有益效果是：
本实施例提供的流体动力转化装置不仅结构简单、制造方便、成本低，而且通过设置阻隔板在圆环形空腔的内部形成了液体或气体的单向流道、且密封性较好。
转子上的滑块的受力面积较大，能够使转子受到较大的切向力，提高转子将液体或气体的动能转化为机械能的效率。同理，滑块对液体或气体的作用面积较大，对液体或气体的推动力较大，能够有效提高将机械能转化为液体或气体的动能的效率。
通过该流体动力转化装置，实现流体动力转化的方法，其可以有效的实现流体动能和转子机械能之间的转化，转化效率较高。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的流体动力转化装置的全剖结构分解示意图；
图2为图1中的滑块和轴承的装配结构示意图；
图3为图1中的内圆柱体的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的流体动力转化装置的整体结构示意图。
图标：100-流体动力转化装置；110-定子；111-第一环形侧壁；112-底壁；113-内圆柱体；120-转子；121-第二环形侧壁；122-顶壁；123-转轴；130-阻隔板；140-滑块；150-轴承；160-圆环形空腔；170-滑槽；180-导槽；181-第一延伸段；182-第二延伸段；190-轴孔；200-进口；300-出口。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本发明实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围，而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解 释。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
图1为本发明实施例提供的流体动力转化装置100的全剖结构分解示意图，请参阅图1。
本实施例提供了一种流体动力转化装置100。流体动力转化装置100包括定子110、转子120、阻隔板130、滑块140和轴承150。定子110和转子120均为回转体结构。
定子110与转子120相对的底壁112之间形成有圆环形空腔160。阻隔板 130设置在圆环形空腔160内、且固定连接在定子110上、并与转子120滑动连接。转子120与定子110转动连接。转子120对应圆环形空腔160的端面上开设有滑槽170。每一滑槽170内设置有一个滑块140。滑块140从滑槽170内伸出、与阻隔板130一并将圆环形空腔160分成压力不等的两个子空腔，滑块140缩回滑槽170内以越过阻隔板130。
这里需要说明的是，流体在两个子空腔内时，由于其压力不等，进口200的压力大于出口300的压力就能产生驱动力，从而实现推动滑块140运动，该滑块140相当于是转动配合于圆环形空腔160内的。
每一滑块140的两端分别固定连接一轴承150。定子110上朝向滑块140的两端的两个表面上分别对应开设有导槽180。轴承150沿导槽180滚动带动滑块140在滑槽170内轴向往复滑动。
具体的，定子110包括第一环形侧壁111、底壁112和内圆柱体113。内圆柱体113设置在第一环形侧壁111的内部、且与第一环形侧壁111同轴线设置。底壁112设置在第一环形侧壁111和内圆柱体113的一端、将第一环形侧壁111和内圆柱体113连为一体。
内圆柱体113与第一环形侧壁111之间形成圆环形空腔160。阻隔板130设置在圆环形空腔160的底部、且与第一环形侧壁111、底壁112和内圆柱体113固定连接。第一环形侧壁111的内表面和内圆柱体113的外表面上分别对应开设有导槽180。内圆柱体113的中心位置开设有轴孔190。
转子120为中空结构。转子120包括第二环形侧壁121和顶壁122。顶壁 122设置在第二环形侧壁121的一端。滑槽170开设在第二环形侧壁121上远离顶壁122的一端。滑槽170沿第二环形侧壁121的径向贯穿第二环形侧壁121。滑槽170沿第二环形侧壁121的轴向延伸至第二环形侧壁121上远离顶壁122的端面。顶壁122的中心位置固定设置有转轴123。
当定子110与转子120组装后，第二环形侧壁121插入圆环形空腔160内。内圆柱体113插入第二环形侧壁121内。转轴123转动地连接在轴孔190内。
滑槽170和滑块140的数量有多种选择，优选为两个以上。本实施例中，滑槽170的数量为两个。两个滑槽170相对第二环形侧壁121的轴线对称设置。
如果滑槽170的数量为三个，三个滑槽170间隔均匀的角度开设在第二环形侧壁121上。也就是说，三个滑槽170两两之间成120°夹角。更多数量的滑槽170依次类推。
图2为图1中的滑块140和轴承150的装配结构示意图，请参阅图2。
滑块140为长方体结构。滑块140沿转子120径向的长度等于第二环形侧壁121的厚度。滑块140沿转子120轴向的长度等于滑槽170沿转子120轴向的深度。滑块140朝向第一环形侧壁111和内圆柱体113的两侧分别连接有轴承150。也就是说，滑块140相对的两个侧面上分别连接有轴承150。两个轴承150在转子120的同一径向上。
图3为图1中的内圆柱体113的结构示意图，请参阅图3。
内圆柱体113的外表面上的导槽180的延伸形状为起伏环状形。具体的，导槽180包括第一延伸段181和第二延伸段182。第一延伸段181和第二延伸段182首尾相连。其中，第一延伸段181沿内圆柱体113的外表面上的周向延伸，也就是说，第一延伸段181上各处距离内圆柱体113的同一端面距离相等，或者说第一延伸段181上各处距离底壁112的相等(请参阅图1)。第二延伸段182的两端分别与第一延伸段181的两端连通。第二延伸段182的两端相对第二延伸段182的其他各处距离底壁112最近。第二延伸段182的中点相比导槽180上的其他各处距离底壁112最远。第二延伸段182的中点位于阻隔板130的上方。第一延伸段181在内圆柱体113的周面上的弧度为180°。当然，第一延伸段181的弧度还可以选择其他值，例如90°、120°等。
请同时参阅图1，轴承150位于导槽180的第一延伸段181时，滑块140最靠近底壁112。轴承150位于第二延伸段182的中点时，滑块140最远离底壁112，同时，滑块140恰完全位于阻隔板130的上方。
图4为本发明实施例提供的流体动力转化装置100的整体结构示意图，请参阅图4。
定子110上开设有进口200和出口300。进口200和出口300均使圆环形空腔160与外界连通。进口200和出口300可以开设在第一环形侧壁111上，也可以开设在底壁112上。本实施例中，进口200和出口300开设在底壁112上、且相对位于阻隔板130的两侧。
本实施例提供的流体动力转化装置100的工作原理：气体或液体从进口200流入圆环形空腔160中后，在阻隔板130的阻挡作用下，向远离阻隔板130 的方向流动，其推动从滑槽170内伸出以至转动配合于圆环形空腔160内的滑块140运动，使转子120围绕自身轴线转动。在转子120转动的过程中，滑块140上的轴承150在导槽180内滚动，带动滑块140沿转子120的轴向移动。当滑块140转动到阻隔板130的位置时，轴承150滚动至第二延伸段182的中点，滑块140完全缩回至滑槽170中并位于阻隔板130的上方，滑块140继续移动、且越过阻隔板130。此时，气体或液体已从出口300排出。滑块140越过阻隔板130之后，滑块140在导槽180的导向作用下，逐渐靠近底壁112，以达到滑块140最佳状态做功的条件，滑块140完成做功后，又逐渐远离底壁112并缩回滑槽170中以备顺利越过阻隔板130。如此循环，滑块140始终受到气体或液体的推力，带动转子120转动，转子120上的转轴123则可用于驱动其他设备转动，实现将流体的动能转化为机械能。
同理，本实施例提供的流体动力转化装置100也能够利用其他驱动设备驱动转子120转动，在转子120转动的作用下，转子120驱动滑块140并推动圆环形空腔160内的流体运动，实现将机械能转化为流体运动的动能。
容易理解的是，本实施例中的滑块140还可以为其他规则的或不规则的形状结构，只要滑块140运动到阻隔板130的位置时，能够越过阻隔板130即可。
本实施例提供的流体动力转化装置100不仅结构简单、制造方便、成本低，而且通过设置阻隔板130在圆环形空腔160的内部形成了液体或气体的单向流道、且密封性较好。
转子120上的滑块140的受力面积较大，能够使转子120受到较大的切向力，提高转子120将液体或气体的动能转化为机械能的效率。同理，滑块140 对液体或气体的作用面积较大，对液体或气体的推动力较大，能够有效提高将机械能转化为液体或气体的动能的效率。
本发明的实施例还提供了一种流体动力转化方法，使用上述提到的流体动力转化装置100，该方法包括：
流体通过进口200进入圆环形空腔160后，推动从滑槽170内伸出以至转动地配合于圆环形空腔160内的滑块140运动，使转子120绕转子120的轴线转动；
滑块140经过出口300，流体通过出口300排出；
滑块140随转子120转动并靠近阻隔板130，滑块140缩回至滑槽170中并越过阻隔板130；
滑块140随转子120转动并远离阻隔板130，滑块140伸出。
通过上述步骤的循环，其可以有效的将流体的动能转化为转子120的机械能，适用于发电机作业。
本发明的实施例还提供了一种流体动力转化方法，使用上述提到的流体动力转化装置100，该方法包括：
转子120转动，滑块140绕转子120的轴线运动；
流体通过进口200进入圆环形空腔160后，从滑槽170内伸出以至转动地配合于圆环形空腔160内的滑块140推动流体运动；
滑块140经过出口300，流体通过出口300排出；
滑块140靠近阻隔板130，滑块140缩回至滑槽170中并越过阻隔板130；
滑块140移动并远离阻隔板130，滑块140伸出。
通过上述步骤的循环，其可以有效的将转子120的机械能转化为流体的动能，适用于输出高压且高速流动的流体。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
工业实用性：
综上所述，本发明提供了一种流体动力转化装置，其结构简单，易于制造，无论是流体的动能转化为转子的机械能，还是转子的机械能转化为流体的动能，其能量转化效率较高，实用性强。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种流体动力转化装置，其特征在于，包括定子、转子、阻隔板和滑块；所述转子与所述定子转动连接；所述定子与所述转子相对的底壁之间形成有圆环形空腔；所述定子上开设有进口和出口；所述阻隔板固定连接在所述定子上、并与所述转子滑动连接；所述阻隔板位于所述圆环形空腔内、且在所述进口与所述出口之间；所述转子对应所述圆环形空腔的端面上开设有滑槽；每一所述滑槽内设置有一个所述滑块；所述滑块从所述滑槽内伸出、与所述阻隔板一并将所述圆环形空腔分成压力不等的两个子空腔，所述进口与所述出口分别位于两个所述子空腔内，所述滑块缩回所述滑槽内以越过所述阻隔板。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的流体动力转化装置，其特征在于，所述定子靠近所述圆环形空腔的侧壁上开设有导槽，所述导槽的延伸形状为起伏环状形，所述滑块靠近导槽的一侧固定连接有轴承，所述轴承滚动地配合于所述导槽内，所述轴承沿所述导槽滚动且带动所述滑块在所述滑槽内往复滑动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的流体动力转化装置，其特征在于，所述定子包括第一环形侧壁、底壁和内圆柱体，所述内圆柱体设置在所述第一环形侧壁的内部，所述内圆柱体与所述第一环形侧壁同轴设置，所述底壁设置在所述第一环形侧壁和所述内圆柱体的一端，所述底壁、所述第一环形侧壁和所述内圆柱体固定连接或一体成型，所述内圆柱体与所述第一环形侧壁之间形成所述圆环形空腔，所述阻隔板设置在所述圆环形空腔的底部，所述阻隔板与所述第一环形侧壁、所述底壁和所述内圆柱体固定连接或一体成型。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的流体动力转化装置，其特征在于，所述转子为中空结构，所述转子包括第二环形侧壁和顶壁，所述顶壁设置在所述第二环形侧壁的一端，所述第二环形侧壁插入所述圆环形空腔内，所述内圆柱体插入所述第二环形侧壁内，所述滑槽开设在所述第二环形侧壁的远离所述顶壁的一端，所述滑槽沿所述第二环形侧壁的径向贯穿所述第二环形侧壁，所述滑槽沿所述第二环形侧壁的轴向延伸至所述第二环形侧壁远离所述顶壁的一端。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的流体动力转化装置，其特征在于，所述滑槽的数量为至少两个，所述滑槽相对所述第二环形侧壁的轴线均匀设置。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的流体动力转化装置，其特征在于，所述滑块朝向所述第一环形侧壁和所述内圆柱体的两侧分别连接有所述轴承，所述第一环形侧壁的内表面和所述内圆柱体的外表面分别相对开设有所述导槽。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的流体动力转化装置，其特征在于，所述内圆柱体的外表面开设的导槽包括第一延伸段和第二延伸段，所述第一延伸段和所述第二延伸段首尾相连，所述第一延伸段沿所述内圆柱体的周向延伸，所述第二延伸段的两端分别与所述第一延伸段的两端连通，所述第二延伸段的中点相对于所述第二延伸段的两端远离所述底壁。
  8. 根据权利要求4-7任一项所述的流体动力转化装置，其特征在于，所述进口和所述出口开设在所述第一环形侧壁或所述底壁。
  9. 根据权利要求4-8任一项所述的流体动力转化装置，其特征在于，所述滑块沿所述转子径向的长度等于所述第二环形侧壁的厚度，所述滑块沿所述转 子轴向的长度等于所述滑槽沿所述转子轴向的深度。
  10. 根据权利要求4-9任一项所述的流体动力转化装置，其特征在于，所述顶壁的中心位置固定设置有转轴，所述内圆柱体的中心位置开设有轴孔，所述转轴可转动的连接在所述轴孔内。
  11. 一种流体动力转化方法，使用如权利要求1-10任一项所述的流体动力转化装置，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    流体通过所述进口进入所述圆环形空腔后，推动从所述滑槽内伸出的所述滑块运动，使所述转子绕所述转子的轴线转动；
    所述滑块经过所述出口，流体通过所述出口排出；
    所述滑块随所述转子转动并靠近所述阻隔板，所述滑块缩回至所述滑槽中以越过所述阻隔板；
    所述滑块随所述转子转动并远离所述阻隔板，所述滑块伸出。
  12. 一种流体动力转化方法，使用如权利要求1-10任一项所述的流体动力转化装置，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    所述转子转动，所述滑块绕所述转子的轴线运动；
    流体通过所述进口进入所述圆环形空腔后，从所述滑槽内伸出的所述滑块推动流体运动；
    所述滑块经过所述出口，流体通过所述出口排出；
    所述滑块靠近所述阻隔板，所述滑块缩回至所述滑槽中并越过所述阻隔板；
    所述滑块移动并远离所述阻隔板，所述滑块伸出。
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