WO2018032806A1 - 河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级净化处理系统 - Google Patents

河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级净化处理系统 Download PDF

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WO2018032806A1
WO2018032806A1 PCT/CN2017/083572 CN2017083572W WO2018032806A1 WO 2018032806 A1 WO2018032806 A1 WO 2018032806A1 CN 2017083572 W CN2017083572 W CN 2017083572W WO 2018032806 A1 WO2018032806 A1 WO 2018032806A1
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river
tail gas
stage purification
purification treatment
carbonization
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PCT/CN2017/083572
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English (en)
French (fr)
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翟德勤
王胜奎
刘学武
张敏
卢弛江
赵明江
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中电建水环境治理技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2018032806A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018032806A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D50/00Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D50/20Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D46/00
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0027Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
    • B01D46/0036Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions by adsorption or absorption
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D50/00Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D51/00Auxiliary pretreatment of gases or vapours to be cleaned
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/84Biological processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86Catalytic processes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02Other waste gases
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of exhaust gas treatment, and in particular relates to a multi-stage purification treatment system for carbon tailings of a river and lake.
  • River and lake pollution sediments are solid wastes generated during urban sewage treatment. They are rich in pathogens, microorganisms, etc., and have serious environmental hazards. It is easy to cause secondary pollution if improperly handled. China's rivers and lakes are polluted. The amount of sediment is large. The treatment and disposal methods mainly use landfill, land use and a small amount of incineration. These treatment methods, on the one hand, cannot fundamentally reduce the content of harmful substances, and are likely to cause secondary ecological pollution. On the other hand, the sediments of rivers and lakes are not effectively utilized.
  • Ceramsite has the advantages of light weight, high strength, and the like, and is a widely used material.
  • the traditional method of preparing ceramsite requires a large amount of clay to be consumed. As China's clay resources become more and more tense, it is particularly important to find alternative resources that can adhere to soil.
  • the sinter sinter is used to produce ceramsite, which provides a new direction for the exploitation of mud.
  • some companies have attempted to prepare ceramsite by using biological sludge or river-soil contaminated sediment as the main raw material to prepare sediment ceramsite which can be used as building filler.
  • the preparation is light and porous, and can be used as a lightweight building material such as a wall block material.
  • ceramsite enamel of the wall insulation material in order to ensure its pores, the requirements for preheating and sintering are more severe. Due to the particularity of the ceramsite raw material (sedidir), the burning process may generate a large amount of toxic gas. If it is directly discharged, it will damage the environment and affect human health. In addition, the ceramics process requires a large amount of energy for heating.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage purification treatment system for river tailings carbonization and ceramic tail gas, which aims to solve the problem that the existing ceramsite cerium is prepared by using gluten fuel, and the exhaust gas poisoning substances are generated.
  • the amount of dust is large, and if it is not handled, it will damage the environment and affect human health.
  • the present invention is realized in this way, a multi-stage purification treatment system for river tailings carbonization and ceramic tail gas, the exhaust gas is derived from the use of river and lake mud as raw materials, and biomass fuel is used to prepare ceramsite.
  • the exhaust multi-stage purification treatment system comprises a multi-tube pulse bag plus cyclone dust removal system connected with the exhaust gas output pipe, and is connected with the multi-tube pulse bag plus cyclone dust removal system, and is used for rapid cooling of the exhaust gas.
  • a condensing system a photocatalyst catalytic system coupled to the quenching condensing system, a biospray system coupled to the photocatalyst catalytic system, an activated carbon adsorption filtration system coupled to the biospray system, and adsorption filtration with the activated carbon
  • a system connected to a negative pressure fan for exhausting clean exhaust and a distributed exhaust.
  • the multi-stage purification treatment system for the carbonized pottery gas of the river and the river bottom is provided by the invention, and the multi-tube pulse bag plus cyclone dust removal system and the activated carbon adsorption filter system are used together to remove the dust and poisonous gas in the exhaust gas,
  • the condensing system rapidly cools the generated exhaust gas in the first crucible, destroys the generation conditions of the poisonous gas under high temperature conditions, suppresses the generation of the poisonous gas, and further, poisonous gas and odor through the photocatalyst catalytic system and the biological sprinkler system. Decomposition and absorption are carried out to maximize the quality of the exhaust gas, so that the purified exhaust gas meets the emission standards and can be directly discharged.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage purification treatment system for a carbonized pottery gas from a river and a river bottom provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-stage purification treatment system for a river and a river bottoming carbonization ceramic tail gas, which is prepared by using a river and lake bottom mud as a raw material and using biomass fuel carbonization to prepare.
  • the exhaust gas generated by the ceramsite enthalpy, the exhaust gas multi-stage purification treatment system comprises a multi-tube pulse bag plus cyclone dust removal system 2 communicating with the exhaust gas output pipe 1, and is connected to the multi-tube pulse bag plus cyclone dust removal system 2 a condensing system 3, a photocatalyst catalyst system 4 connected to the quenching condensing system 3, a biospray system 5 connected to the photocatalyst catalyst system 4, and an activated carbon adsorption filter system 6 connected to the biospray system 5. And a negative pressure fan 7 and a distributed exhaust device 8 connected to the activated carbon adsorption filtration system 6 for discharging clean exhaust gas.
  • the multi-tube pulse bag plus cyclone dust removal system 2 is used to quickly remove dust from the gas entering through the exhaust gas output pipe 1.
  • the multi-tube pulse bag plus cyclone dust removal system 2 includes a ceramic core multi-tube dust collector, a cooling device and a pulse bag dust removing device sequentially connected to the exhaust gas output pipe 1.
  • the ceramic core multi-tube dust collector is composed of a ceramic-filled multi-pipe, and the dust removal rate can be as high as 95% or more after the dust removal by the conductive particles of the ceramic core multi-tube dust collector.
  • the conductive particle of the pulse bag dust removing device is composed of a plurality of stacked inverted buckle bags, the lower end of the inverted buckle bag is sealed, and the upper end is provided with a through hole.
  • the number of the inverted buckle bags can be set according to the flow rate per unit area of the exhaust gas.
  • the through hole has a hole diameter of 8-12 mm, and the adjacent through holes are separated by 4-5 m.
  • the preferred inverted buckle bag on the one hand, effectively reduces the resistance through the aperture of a suitable through hole, and accelerates the dust removal efficiency; on the other hand, prevents the bag from being broken at a high wind speed by a suitable through hole pitch.
  • the temperature of the exhaust gas passing through the exhaust gas output pipe 1 is as high as 1200 ° C or higher, and the temperature after treatment by the ceramic core multi-tube dust collector is as high as 300- 400 °C, if not treated, long-term use will affect the service life of the subsequent pulse bag dust removal device; and the high temperature conditions, plus the exhaust gas generated during the sludge sintering process, provide favorable benefits for other toxic gases such as dioxins.
  • the embodiment of the present invention adopts a cold collecting device for rapid cooling treatment after performing a large amount of dust removal, and the temperature is quickly increased to 80-90°. C.
  • the ceramic core multi-tube dust collector conductive particles, the cold collecting device and the pulse bag dust removing device conductive particles are connected through a negative pressure pipe, and the gas after the dust is removed by the conductive particles of the ceramic core multi-tube dust collector
  • the conveying pipe enters the conductive particles of the pulse bag dust removing device from the upper end of the pulse bag dust removing device, and filters the dust through the through hole into the inverted bag.
  • the dust removal rate can be as high as 99.6%, and the dust concentration in the exhaust gas can be as low as 0.4 mg/m 3 .
  • the embodiment of the present invention rapidly removes the exhaust gas from the multi-tube pulse bag plus the cyclone dust removal system 2 after rapidly filtering the particulate dust. Cooling treatment.
  • the high-temperature exhaust gas is rapidly cooled during the walking process.
  • the temperature reaches the condensation point of the volatile organic waste gas, some of the gaseous exhaust gas, especially the volatile organic waste gas, is converted into a liquid state, and then separated by gas-liquid separation. Separated from the exhaust.
  • the temperature is lowered, and the high temperature conditions that react with other exhaust gas components are destroyed, thereby preventing the generation of other harmful gases.
  • the emergency condensing system 3 of the embodiment of the present invention adopts an emergency condensing device which reduces the exhaust gas temperature to 40-50 ° C in 8-lOs.
  • the organic waste gas in the exhaust gas especially the volatile organic waste gas, can be efficiently reduced, and the generation of other poisonous gases under high temperature conditions can be suppressed.
  • the specific exhaust gas of the embodiment of the present invention contains a large amount of malodorous gases, such as: nitrogen, trimethylamine, hydrogen sulfide, methyl sulfide, methyl mercaptan, dimethyl disulfide, carbon disulfide and styrene, sulfides, VOCs, Benzene, toluene, xylene, etc. Failure to treat these waste gases effectively poses a threat to the environment and human health. Therefore, the photocatalyst catalytic system 4 of the present invention uses the high-energy high-ozone UV ultraviolet light beam to illuminate the malodorous gas and the nano material to undergo photocatalysis, thereby catalytically cracking the malodorous gas into carbon dioxide. Low molecular compounds such as water.
  • the photocatalyst catalytic system 4 is provided with a photocatalytic device and an ultraviolet device disposed on the photocatalytic device, and the photocatalytic device is made of a photocatalytic nano material. Since the photocatalytic reaction is greatly affected by the photocatalytic material, and the malodorous gas content in the specific exhaust gas of the present invention is high, it is preferable that the photocatalytic nano material uses titanium oxide. Further preferably, the photocatalytic nanomaterial is selected from nano-scale angular anatase titanium dioxide having a specific crystal form and particle size to enhance photocatalytic activity.
  • the photocatalyst catalytic system is set to: using a nano-scale angular column anatase titanium dioxide as a catalyst at a wavelength of 150-253.7 nm and an optical energy of 472-747 KJ/mol, catalytic reaction 8 -12s, for better deodorizing and bactericidal effect.
  • the photocatalyst catalytic system 4 can not only effectively reduce the content of harmful gases, but also includes major pollutants such as volatile organic compounds (VOC), hydrogen sulfide, ammonia gas, mercaptans, and other malodorous gases. Moreover, it can also destroy the microbial structure by UV beam cleavage, thereby eliminating the effect of eliminating microorganisms.
  • VOC volatile organic compounds
  • the biological sprinkler system 5 includes a liquid storage device, a filler layer, and a spray layer disposed in order from bottom to top, and an air inlet is disposed between the liquid storage device and the spray layer.
  • An exhaust port is disposed above the spray layer, a dewatering spray device is disposed between the spray layer and the exhaust port, and a pump is disposed between the liquid storage device and the spray layer Pipe connection.
  • the arrangement of the filler layer can increase the contact area of the gas and liquid, make the gas and the droplets fully contact, enhance the mass transfer efficiency, and achieve the purification effect.
  • multiple sets of packing layer-spraying layers can be repeatedly set. Further, the present invention uses a specific syrup for spraying.
  • the solvent sprayed by the spray layer is a syrup containing an air deodorant
  • the syrup can not only effectively absorb odor molecules in the air
  • Niobium can also change the stereo configuration of the adsorbed odor molecules, weaken the chemical bonds in the odor molecules, increase the instability of the odor molecules, prone to chemical reactions, and finally produce odorless, non-toxic substances.
  • hydrogen sulfide reacts under the action of syrup to form sulfate ion and water
  • ammonia is under the action of syrup, Nitrogen and water.
  • the mass ratio of the air deodorant to water in the syrup is 1:900-1100, more preferably 1:1000.
  • the preferred concentration of the syrup can form a coating film on the surface of the filler through the enthalpy of the filler layer, and when the exhaust gas passes through the enthalpy, the full contact between the two can be more fully promoted, thereby improving the purification efficiency.
  • the biospray system 5 Through the biospray system 5, the toxic gas remaining in the exhaust gas can be decomposed, and the fine dust particles can be sedimented.
  • the exhaust gas after passing through the biological sprinkler system 5 has a high degree of cleanliness.
  • an activated carbon adsorption filtration system 6 is disposed behind the biospray system 5.
  • the activated carbon of the activated carbon adsorption filtration system 6 is selected from activated carbon having a surface area of 500-1000 m 2 /g, so that the gas purified by the above system can be absorbed by the activated carbon to meet the discharge standard.
  • the amount of the activated carbon can be adjusted according to the flow rate of the exhaust gas.
  • a pipeline for connecting each system is further included, and the pipeline air pressure is in a negative pressure state, so that the gas is rushed along the multi-tube pulse bag plus the cyclone dust removal system in the whole system.
  • Condensation System 3 Photocatalyst Catalytic System 4 - Biospray System 5 - Activated Carbon Adsorption Filtration System 6 - The path of the distributed exhaust device 8 travels.
  • the multi-stage purification treatment system of the river and the bottom mud carbonization ceramic tail gas provided by the embodiment of the present invention performs the tail gas treatment, and the environmental noise at the boundary of the plant conforms to the “Environmental Noise Emission Standard of the Construction Site Boundary” (GB 12523-201 1
  • Emission standards for odorous pollutants at the factory meet the "Emission Standard for Odor Pollutants” (GB1455 4-1993) Level 3
  • Residual water treatment meets the Class II standard of Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB8978-1996).
  • the multi-stage purification treatment system for the carbonized gasification of the river and the river bottom is provided by the present invention, and the multi-tube pulse bag plus cyclone dust removal system and the activated carbon adsorption filter system are used together to remove the dust and poisonous gas in the exhaust gas,
  • the condensing system rapidly cools the generated exhaust gas in the first crucible, destroys the generation conditions of the poisonous gas under high temperature conditions, suppresses the generation of the poisonous gas, and further, poisonous gas and odor through the photocatalyst catalytic system and the biological sprinkler system. Decomposition and absorption are carried out to maximize the quality of the exhaust gas, so that the purified exhaust gas meets the emission standards and can be directly discharged.

Abstract

一种河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级净化处理系统,该尾气来源于采用河湖泊涌底泥作为原料、采用生物质燃料制备陶粒时产生的尾气,尾气多级净化处理系统包括与尾气输出管道(1)相通的多管式脉冲布袋加旋风除尘系统(2),与多管式脉冲布袋加旋风除尘系统(2)相连、用于急速冷却尾气的急却冷凝系统(3),与急却冷凝系统(3)相连的光触媒催化系统(4),与光触媒催化系统(4)相连的生物喷淋系统(5),与生物喷淋系统(5)相连的活性炭吸附过滤系统(6),以及与活性炭吸附过滤系统(6)相连、用于排出干净尾气的负压风机(7)和分布式排气装置(8)。

Description

河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级净化处理系统 技术领域
[0001] 本发明属于尾气治理技术领域, 尤其涉及一种河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级 净化处理系统。
背景技术
[0002] 河湖泊涌污染底泥是城市污水处理过程中产生的一种固体废物, 富含病原体、 微生物等, 环境危害性大, 处理不当很容易引起二次污染。 我国河湖泊涌污染 底泥量大, 处理处置方式主要采用填埋、 土地利用及少量焚烧等方式。 这些处 理方法, 一方面不能从根本上降低有害物质的含量, 容易造成二次生态环境污 染, 另一方面, 河湖泊涌污染底泥没有得到有效的利用。
[0003] 陶粒具有质轻、 强度高等优点, 是一种应用领域广泛的材料。 传统方法制备陶 粒吋, 需要消耗大量的粘土。 由于我国粘土资源越来越紧张, 因此寻找能够粘 土的可替代资源显得尤为重要。 河湖泊涌污染底泥烧结制取陶粒, 提供了一个 新的泥底资源化的方向。 目前, 有企业尝试以生物污泥或河湖泊涌污染底泥作 为主要原材料制备陶粒, 制备可用作建筑填充料的底泥陶粒。
[0004] 为了获得性能较好的陶粒, 需要在陶粒烧制过程中对预热、 烧结温度进行严格 控制, 特别是制备质轻、 多孔、 可用作轻质建材如墙体砌块材料或墙体保温材 料的陶粒吋, 为了保证其孔隙, 对预热、 烧结的要求更为严苛。 由于陶粒原料 (底泥) 的特殊性, 烧纸过程可能会产生大量的毒害气体, 若直接排放, 将会 破坏环境, 影响人类健康。 此外, 制陶过程需要大量的能源供热, 根据充分利 用能源, 减少浪费, 实现资源的可持续发展, 在陶粒烧制的能源利用上, 人们 作出了各种方案的节能措施, 如采用谷糠作为生物燃料。 而为了满足高热量的 需求, 单位吋间的谷糠投料量会非常大, 因此导致一部分的谷糠不能充分燃烧 , 同吋烧尽的灰烬由于质轻也会随着尾气一起外排, 粉尘量大。 若不做处理, 其会降低空气质量, 威胁人类健康。 因此, 针对采用河湖泊涌底泥作为原料、 采用谷糠作为生物燃料制备陶粒吋产生的尾气, 提供一种高效的尾气净化装置 及其净化方法显得非常重要。
技术问题
[0005] 本发明的目的在于提供一种河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级净化处理系统, 旨 在解决现有的采用谷糠燃料制备底泥陶粒吋, 产生的尾气毒害物质多、 粉尘量 大, 若不处理会破坏环境、 影响人类健康的问题。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0006] 本发明是这样实现的, 一种河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级净化处理系统, 所 述尾气来源于采用河湖泊涌底泥作为原料、 采用生物质燃料制备陶粒吋产生的 尾气, 所述尾气多级净化处理系统包括与尾气输出管道相通的多管式脉冲布袋 加旋风除尘系统, 与所述多管式脉冲布袋加旋风除尘系统相连、 用于急速冷却 尾气的急却冷凝系统, 与所述急却冷凝系统相连的光触媒催化系统, 与所述光 触媒催化系统相连的生物喷淋系统, 与所述生物喷淋系统相连的活性炭吸附过 滤系统, 以及与所述活性炭吸附过滤系统相连、 用于排出干净尾气的负压风机 和分布式排气装置。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0007] 本发明提供的河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级净化处理系统, 采用多管式脉冲 布袋加旋风除尘系统和活性炭吸附过滤系统协同去除尾气中的粉尘和毒害气体 , 采用急却冷凝系统对产生的尾气在第一吋间进行急速冷却, 破坏高温条件下 毒害气体的生成条件, 抑制毒害气体的产生, 进一步的, 通过光触媒催化系统 和生物喷淋系统, 将毒害气体和臭气进行分解吸收, 最大程度提高外排尾气的 质量, 使得净化后的尾气满足排放标准, 可直接排放。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0008] 图 1是本发明实施例提供的河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级净化处理系统示意 图。 本发明的实施方式
[0009] 为了使本发明要解决的技术问题、 技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白, 以下结 合实施例, 对本发明进行进一步详细说明。 应当理解, 此处所描述的具体实施 例仅仅用以解释本发明, 并不用于限定本发明。
[0010] 结合图 1, 本发明实施例提供了一种河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级净化处理 系统, 所述尾气来源于采用河湖泊涌底泥作为原料、 采用生物质燃料碳化制备 陶粒吋产生的尾气, 所述尾气多级净化处理系统包括与尾气输出管道 1相通的多 管式脉冲布袋加旋风除尘系统 2, 与所述多管式脉冲布袋加旋风除尘系统 2相连 的急却冷凝系统 3, 与所述急却冷凝系统 3相连的光触媒催化系统 4, 与所述光触 媒催化系统 4相连的生物喷淋系统 5, 与所述生物喷淋系统 5相连的活性炭吸附过 滤系统 6, 以及与所述活性炭吸附过滤系统 6相连、 用于排出干净尾气的负压风 机 7和分布式排气装置 8。
[0011] 由于原料和燃料的特殊性, 烧结残余的粉尘、 未燃尽的生物质燃料包括但不限 于谷糠颗粒和灰烬随废弃一起进入所述尾气输出管道 1, 使得所述尾气输出管道 1的粉尘量非常高, 粉尘浓度可达 45mg/m 3以上, 采用常规的尾气除尘装置不能 实现高效除尘效果。 本发明实施例中, 采用所述多管式脉冲布袋加旋风除尘系 统 2对经由所述尾气输出管道 1进入的气体进行快速除尘。 具体的, 所述多管式 脉冲布袋加旋风除尘系统 2包括与所述尾气输出管道 1依次连接的陶瓷芯多管除 尘器、 集冷装置和脉冲布袋除尘装置。
[0012] 其中, 所述陶瓷芯多管除尘器由陶瓷填充的多管道组成, 经由所述陶瓷芯多管 除尘器导电粒子除尘处理后, 粉尘去除率可高达 95%以上。 所述脉冲布袋除尘装 置导电粒子由多个层叠的倒扣布袋组成, 所述倒扣布袋下端封住、 上端设置通 孔。 所述倒扣布袋的数量可以根据所述尾气单位面积流量进行设置。 进一步优 选的, 所述倒扣布袋中, 所述通孔的孔径为 8-12mm, 相邻的所述通孔相隔 4-5m m。 该优选的倒扣布袋, 一方面, 通过合适的通孔的孔径有效降低阻力, 加快除 尘效率; 另一方面, 通过合适的通孔间距, 防止布袋在承受高风速吋产生破裂 [0013] 由于碳化制备底泥陶粒吋温度很高, 因此, 经所述尾气输出管道 1出来的尾气 温度高达 1200°C以上, 经所述陶瓷芯多管除尘器处理后的温度高达 300-400°C, 若不做处理, 长期使用会影响后续脉冲布袋除尘装置的使用寿命; 且高温条件 、 加上底泥烧结过程中产生的废气, 给其他毒害气体如二噁英的产生提供了有 利条件。 有鉴于此, 为了有效降低挥发性有机废气的含量、 并控制毒害气体的 进一步产生, 本发明实施例在进行大量除尘后, 采用集冷装置进行快速降温处 理, 将温度快速将至 80-90°C。
[0014] 所述陶瓷芯多管除尘器导电粒子、 集冷装置和所述脉冲布袋除尘装置导电粒子 通过负压管道连接, 且经所述陶瓷芯多管除尘器导电粒子除尘后的气体、 经输 送管道从所述脉冲布袋除尘装置的上端进入所述脉冲布袋除尘装置导电粒子, 并通过通孔进入所述倒扣布袋对粉尘进行滤出。 本发明实施例经所述多管式脉 冲布袋加旋风除尘系统 2处理后, 粉尘去除率可高达 99.6%以, 经该步骤排放气 体中的粉尘浓度可低至 0.4mg/m 3
[0015] 为了进一步降低温度、 控制毒害气体产生, 本发明实施例在快速滤除颗粒粉尘 后, 采用急却冷凝系统 3对从所述多管式脉冲布袋加旋风除尘系统 2出来的尾气 进行快速降温处理。 通过急却冷凝系统 3, 高温废气在行走的过程中被快速降温 , 当温度将至挥发性有机废气的凝结点吋, 部分气态废气特别是挥发性有机废 气转化为液态, 进而通过气液分离从尾气中分离出来。 同吋, 温度的降低, 破 坏了其他废气成分之间发生反应的高温条件, 从而阻止了其他有害气体的产生
[0016] 优选的, 本发明实施例所述急却冷凝系统 3采用在 8-lOs内将尾气温度由降至 40- 50°C的急却冷凝设备。 由此可以高效降低尾气中的有机废气特别是挥发性有机废 气, 并抑制高温条件下其他毒害气体的产生。
[0017] 本发明实施例特定尾气中含有大量的恶臭气体, 如: 氮、 三甲胺、 硫化氢、 甲 硫氢、 甲硫醇、 二甲二硫、 二硫化碳和苯乙烯, 硫化物、 VOC类、 苯、 甲苯、 二甲苯等。 如不对这些废气进行有效处理, 则会对环境和人类健康造成威胁。 因此, 本发明实施例采用所述光触媒催化系统 4, 通过高能高臭氧 UV紫外线光束 照射恶臭气体和纳米材料发生光催化, 从而将恶臭气体催化裂解成二氧化碳、 水等低分子化合物。
[0018] 具体的, 所述光触媒催化系统 4设置有光催化设备和设置在所述光催化设备上 的紫外设备设置, 所述光催化设备由光催化纳米材料制成。 由于光催化反应受 光催化材料影响较大, 而本发明特定废气中的恶臭气体含量又较高, 因此, 优 选的, 所述光催化纳米材料采用二氧化钛。 进一步优选的, 所述光催化纳米材 料选用具有特定晶形和粒径大小的纳米级角柱锐钛型二氧化钛, 来提高光催化 活性。 进一步优选的, 所述光触媒催化系统的条件设置为: 在波长为 150-253.7n m、 光能量为 472-747KJ/mol的紫外光照射下, 采用纳米级角柱锐钛型二氧化钛 作为催化剂, 催化反应 8-12s, 以获得更好的除臭杀菌效果。
[0019] 通过本发明实施例所述光触媒催化系统 4不仅可以有效降低有害气体的含量, 具体包括挥发性有机物 (VOC) 、 硫化氢、 氨气、 硫醇类等主要污染物, 以及 其他恶臭气体, 而且, 还能通过 UV光束裂解, 破坏微生物结构, 达到消除消杀 微生物的作用。
[0020] 本发明实施例中, 经所述光触媒催化系统 4未除去的少量有害气体, 可以通过 所述生物喷淋系统 5去除; 同吋, 进一步去除尾气中的微小粉尘。 具体的, 所述 生物喷淋系统 5包括从下往上依次设置的储液设备、 填料层、 喷淋层, 且在所述 储液设备和所述喷淋层之间设置有进气口, 在所述喷淋层上方设置有排气口, 在所述喷淋层与所述排气口之间设置有脱水喷雾设备, 所述储液设备和所述喷 淋层之间通过设置有泵的管道连接。 通过所述进气口进来的尾气, 经过所述填 料层吋, 与所述喷淋层喷下的液体进行接触, 将尾气净化 (吸收粉尘、 降解有 害气体) , 气体经所述脱水喷雾设备脱水后经排气口排出。 所述填料层的设置 , 可增大气液的接触面积, 使气体与液滴充分接触,增强传质效率, 达到净化效 果。 为了实现多级净化, 提高净化效果, 可以重复设置多组填料层-喷淋层。 进 一步的, 本发明采用特定的药水进行喷淋, 具体的, 所述喷淋层喷出的溶剂为 含空气除臭剂的药水, 所述药水不仅能有效地吸咐空气中的异味分子, 同吋也 能使被吸附的异味分子的立体构型发生改变, 削弱了异味分子中的化合键, 使 得异味分子的不稳定性增加, 容易发生化学反应, 最后生成无味、 无毒的物质 。 如硫化氢在药水的作用下反应生成硫酸根离子和水; 氨在药水的作用下, 生 成氮气和水。 进一步优选的, 为了提供合适的反应浓度, 所述药水中, 所述空 气除臭剂和水的质量比为 1 : 900-1100, 更优选为 1 : 1000。 优选浓度的药水, 经 过填料层吋, 可在填料表面形成包覆膜, 当尾气经过吋, 可以更充分地促进两 者地充分接触, 从而提高净化效率。
[0021] 通过所述生物喷淋系统 5, 可将尾气中残余的有毒气体分解, 同吋, 将微小尘 粒湿水沉降。
[0022] 经过所述生物喷淋系统 5后的尾气, 洁净度较高。 为了进一步净化、 从而获得 符合排放标准的尾气, 在所述生物喷淋系统 5后设置有活性炭吸附过滤系统 6。 优选的, 所述活性炭吸附过滤系统 6的活性炭选用表面积为 500-1000m 2/克的活性 炭, 从而使得经由上述系统净化后的气体经所述活性炭吸附后, 能够满足排放 标准。 所述活性炭的用量可根据尾气的流量进行调整。
[0023] 最后, 将所述活性炭吸附过滤系统 6净化后的干净尾气, 通过负压风机 7经分布 式排气装置 8排出。
[0024] 本发明实施例中, 还包括用于连接各系统的管道, 且所述管道气压呈负压状态 , 以便气体在整个系统中沿着多管式脉冲布袋加旋风除尘系统 2-急却冷凝系统 3- 光触媒催化系统 4-生物喷淋系统 5-活性炭吸附过滤系统 6-分布式排气装置 8的路 径行走。
[0025] 本发明实施例提供的河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级净化处理系统进行尾气处 理吋, 厂界环境噪声均符合 《建筑施工场界环境噪声排放标准》 (GB 12523-201 1) 四类标准; 厂界恶臭污染物排放标准满足 《恶臭污染物排放标准》 (GB1455 4-1993) 三级标准; 余水处理满足 《污水综合排放标准》 (GB8978-1996) 二级 标准。
[0026] 本发明提供的河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级净化处理系统, 采用多管式脉冲 布袋加旋风除尘系统和活性炭吸附过滤系统协同去除尾气中的粉尘和毒害气体 , 采用急却冷凝系统对产生的尾气在第一吋间进行急速冷却, 破坏高温条件下 毒害气体的生成条件, 抑制毒害气体的产生, 进一步的, 通过光触媒催化系统 和生物喷淋系统, 将毒害气体和臭气进行分解吸收, 最大程度提高外排尾气的 质量, 使得净化后的尾气满足排放标准, 可直接排放。 以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并不用以限制本发明, 凡在本发明的 精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、 等同替换和改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保 护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求书
一种河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级净化处理系统, 其特征在于, 所 述尾气来源于采用河湖泊涌底泥作为原料、 采用生物质燃料碳化制备 陶粒吋产生的尾气, 所述尾气多级净化处理系统包括与尾气输出管道 相通的多管式脉冲布袋加旋风除尘系统, 与所述多管式脉冲布袋加旋 风除尘系统相连、 用于急速冷却尾气的急却冷凝系统, 与所述急却冷 凝系统相连的光触媒催化系统, 与所述光触媒催化系统相连的生物喷 淋系统, 与所述生物喷淋系统相连的活性炭吸附过滤系统, 以及与所 述活性炭吸附过滤系统相连、 用于排出干净尾气的负压风机和分布式 排气装置。
如权利要求 1所述的河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级净化处理系统, 其特征在于, 所述多管式脉冲布袋加旋风除尘系统包括与所述尾气输 出管道依次连接的陶瓷芯多管除尘器、 集冷装置和脉冲布袋除尘装置 , 其中, 所述脉冲布袋除尘装置由多个层叠的倒扣布袋组成, 所述倒 扣布袋下端封住、 上端设置通孔; 且经所述陶瓷芯多管除尘器除尘后 的气体、 经输送管道从所述脉冲布袋除尘装置的上端进入所述倒扣布 袋中。
如权利要求 2所述的河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级净化处理系统, 其特征在于, 所述倒扣布袋中, 所述通孔的孔径为 8-12mm, 相邻的 所述通孔相隔 4-5mm。
如权利要求 1所述的河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级净化处理系统, 其特征在于, 所述光触媒催化系统设置有光催化设备和设置在所述光 催化设备上的紫外设备。
如权利要求 4所述的河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级净化处理系统, 其特征在于, 所述光催化设备由光催化纳米材料制成, 且所述光催化 纳米材料为纳米级角柱锐钛型二氧化钛。
如权利要求 5所述的河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级净化处理系统, 其特征在于, 所述光触媒催化系统的条件设置为: 在波长为 150-253.7 nm、 光能量为 472-747KJ/mol的紫外光照射下催化反应 8-12s。
[权利要求 7] 如权利要求 1所述的河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级净化处理系统, 其特征在于, 所述生物喷淋系统包括从下往上依次设置的储液设备、 填料层、 喷淋层, 且在所述储液设备和所述喷淋层之间设置有进气口 , 在所述喷淋层上方设置有排气口, 在所述喷淋层与所述排气口之间 设置有脱水喷雾设备, 所述储液设备和所述喷淋层之间通过设置有泵
[权利要求 8] 如权利要求 7所述的河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级净化处理系统, 其特征在于, 所述喷淋层喷出的溶剂为含空气除臭剂的药水, 且所述 药水中, 所述空气除臭剂和水的质量比为 1 : 900-1100。
[权利要求 9] 如权利要求 8所述的河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级净化处理系统, 其特征在于, 所述活性炭吸附过滤系统中的活性炭为表面积为 500-10 00m 2/克的活性炭。
[权利要求 10] 如权利要求 1所述的河湖泊涌底泥碳化制陶尾气多级净化处理系统, 其特征在于, 还包括用于连接各系统的管道, 且所述管道气压呈负压
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