WO2018001388A1 - 一种高效折弯机的折弯方法 - Google Patents

一种高效折弯机的折弯方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018001388A1
WO2018001388A1 PCT/CN2017/097452 CN2017097452W WO2018001388A1 WO 2018001388 A1 WO2018001388 A1 WO 2018001388A1 CN 2017097452 W CN2017097452 W CN 2017097452W WO 2018001388 A1 WO2018001388 A1 WO 2018001388A1
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Prior art keywords
valve
oil
pressure
electromagnetic
hydraulic
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PCT/CN2017/097452
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
石贤锋
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安徽东海机床制造有限公司
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Priority to MYPI2017001625A priority Critical patent/MY187715A/en
Publication of WO2018001388A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018001388A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/16—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/06—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with two or more servomotors

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of bending machines, and more particularly to a bending method of an efficient bending machine.
  • the structure of the existing bending machine mainly comprises a bracket, a worktable and a clamping plate, the worktable is placed on the bracket, the worktable is composed of a base and a pressure plate, and the base is connected with the clamping plate through a hinge, and the base is composed of a seat shell, a coil and a cover.
  • the plate is composed of a coil placed in the recess of the seat shell, and the top of the recess is covered with a cover plate.
  • the coil is energized by the wire, and after the power is applied, the platen is attracted to the platen, thereby clamping the plate between the platen and the base.
  • the bending machine mainly includes two types of hydraulic bending machine and numerical control bending machine.
  • the hydraulic bending machine uses the hydraulic system to control the expansion and contraction of the oil cylinder to complete the bending work of the workpiece.
  • the bending process of the bending machine is mainly: fast down - slow down - pressure holding - pressure relief - return, and different machining processes have different requirements for the hydraulic system, in order to ensure the bending efficiency of the bending machine and The bending quality of the board needs to be strictly controlled for each of the above.
  • the bending machine not only pays attention to precision, but also has high requirements on production efficiency and stability of use.
  • the original hydraulic control technology can no longer meet the modernization. Production needs.
  • the stability of the work-in stage and the pressure-holding stage is also required during the working process of the bending machine, and the existing hydraulic system of the bending machine is difficult to ensure the stability of the working stage, thereby affecting the bending quality of the workpiece, and
  • the upper chamber of the cylinder is usually not pressurized, and continuous pressure is required to maintain the pressure, that is, the energy consumption is suitable for the oil temperature, and the pressure noise is large.
  • the invention name is: hydraulic system of bending machine, the hydraulic system of the bending machine of the application, including oil pump, fuel tank, three-position four-way exchange
  • the filling valve is connected between the oil tank and the upper chamber of the cylinder; the oil outlet of the oil pump is connected to the oil tank through the two-way plug-in valve; the P port of the three-way four-way reversing valve is connected to the oil outlet of the oil pump, and the B port is The first electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the lower chamber of the cylinder; the B port is also connected to the control port of the filling valve; the A port of the three-position four-way reversing valve is connected to the upper chamber of the cylinder through the throttle check valve; the B port is also subjected to the second electromagnetic The reversing valve and the throttle valve are connected to the lower chamber of the cylinder.
  • the application can solve the complicated unloading circuit of the hydraulic control system of the existing bending machine and the stability of the back pressure control is not high.
  • the problem is that the high-level oil replenishment is realized by the liquid filling valve between the oil tank and the upper chamber of the cylinder.
  • the speed of the bending machine is limited, and it needs to be further improved, and the upper chamber of the cylinder is easy to be sucked, and the working efficiency is low.
  • the bending machine is relatively unstable and the working stage is relatively unstable.
  • the hydraulic system of the application does not achieve a true pressure-holding process, requiring continuous pressurization to maintain pressure and waste resources.
  • the reversing valve includes a P port, an A port, a B port, and a T port.
  • the variable hydraulic pump oil outlet is connected to the reversing valve P port, and the reversing valve A port is respectively through the pipe.
  • the first oil inlet of the upper chamber of the two hydraulic cylinders is connected, the liquid filling valve is located on the pipeline between the second oil inlet and the oil tank, and the pipeline between the liquid filling valve and the two second oil inlets is respectively provided a flow meter, the first oil outlet is connected to the B port through a pipe, and a flow meter is arranged on each of the pipes at the first oil outlet, and the pipe between the first oil outlet and the B port is provided Oil control unit.
  • the application can improve the safety of the hydraulic system to a certain extent, but it also achieves high oil replenishment through the liquid filling valve between the oil tank and the upper chamber of the cylinder, and the system can not achieve the true pressure maintaining process, thereby affecting The bending quality of the panels, especially the more flexible panels.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing bending machine hydraulic system, such as control precision, control efficiency and stability, which are difficult to meet the requirements of modern production, thereby affecting the bending quality of the sheet, and providing a bending of the high-efficiency bending machine. method.
  • the bending method of the invention can realize the high-efficiency control of the whole process of bending the plate, ensure the high speed, stability and stability of the working stage in the fast lower stage, and at the same time, the holding time is long, and the oil in the upper stage of the holding stage is maintained. The pressure is stable, thus ensuring the bending quality of the sheet.
  • the bending method of the high-efficiency bending machine of the invention has the following steps:
  • the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve and the superimposed hydraulic control one-way valve directly enter the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, and the piston of the hydraulic cylinder realizes the downward movement of the hydraulic oil under the thrust of the hydraulic oil discharged from the oil pump, and the hydraulic control one-way valve is subjected to the spring Automatically shut down under the action of force;
  • YV2 of the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is controlled, YV4 of the electromagnetic spill valve II and YV5 of the electromagnetic ball valve are energized, and the oil output from the oil pump is returned to the fuel tank through the electromagnetic spill valve I.
  • the YV4 of the electromagnetic spill valve II is energized, and the oil released instantaneously from the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder enters the lower chamber of the accumulator through the electromagnetic ball valve;
  • the YV4 of the electromagnetic spill valve II is controlled to be energized. At this time, the hydraulic system cannot establish the pressure, and the YV4 of the electromagnetic spill valve II is energized to ensure that the upper chamber has pressure to achieve high-speed downward movement at any time;
  • the oil pump is connected to the electric motor, and the oil inlet of the oil pump is connected to the oil tank, and the oil outlet of the oil pump is connected to the P port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve through the pipeline; the three-position four-way electromagnetic
  • the T port of the reversing valve is connected to the oil tank through a pipe, and the A port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the lower cavity of the hydraulic cylinder through a stacking valve group, and the B port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is superimposed
  • the valve block is connected to the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, and the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the accumulator through a pilot operated check valve.
  • the stacking valve group comprises a stacked hydraulic control check valve and a superimposed relief valve, wherein the stacked hydraulic control check valve comprises an A cavity and a B cavity, and the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve The A port is connected to the A cavity of the superimposed hydraulic control check valve, and the B port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the B cavity of the superimposed hydraulic control check valve.
  • the A cavity of the superposed hydraulic control check valve is a hydraulically controlled check valve
  • the B cavity is a common check valve
  • a cavity of the stacked hydraulic control check valve is connected to the B port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve through the first control oil pipe.
  • a transition block is disposed between the stacking valve group and the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, and the pilot operated check valve is connected to the transition block through the second control oil pipe.
  • the electromagnetic spill valve II is located at the oil port of the accumulator, and the electromagnetic spill valve II is connected to the fuel tank through a pipe.
  • the electromagnetic ball valve is installed at an oil port of the energy storage device, and the electromagnetic ball valve is connected to the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder on the one hand and to the oil tank through the electromagnetic overflow valve II on the other hand.
  • oil outlet of the oil pump is also connected to the oil tank through the electromagnetic spill valve 1.
  • an electromagnetic relay is connected to the oil discharge pipe of the oil pump, and the oil outlet of the oil pump is also connected to the pressure gauge switch and the pressure gauge through a pipeline.
  • an accumulator is installed on the hydraulic line of the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder of the bending machine, and the hydraulic control check valve is used to reversely lock the oil, so that In the lower stage, oil is supplied to the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder through the accumulator and the oil pump, and the piston is pushed down. Together with the self-weight of the slider, the above-mentioned points can be combined to achieve the high-speed downward speed, and the high speed of the upper mold of the bending machine is realized. Stable down.
  • the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is always under high pressure in the state of pressure, and there is no negative pressure or suction.
  • the above-mentioned accumulator is reversely locked by the hydraulically controlled check valve, so that the pressure can not be lifted when the working pressure is applied, and the bending effect of the plate member is affected.
  • the stacking valve group comprises a superimposed hydraulically controlled check valve and a superimposed relief valve, wherein the superimposed hydraulic control unit
  • the B cavity of the valve is a common one-way valve, and the B port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the B cavity of the superimposed hydraulic control check valve, thereby effectively preventing the oil in the upper cavity of the hydraulic cylinder from returning.
  • the liquid returns to the oil tank through the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, and the oil in the upper chamber enters the accumulator through the hydraulic control check valve to flush the accumulator, preparing for the rapid downward movement of the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the use of the stacking valve group on the oil manifold block can effectively reduce the installation empty position of the valve body, which is beneficial to the processing of the oil circuit integrated block and the reduction of the material cost, and is convenient for maintenance.
  • the bending method of the high-efficiency bending machine of the present invention the electromagnetic spill valve II and the electromagnetic ball valve are added to the oil port of the accumulator, and the pressure can be lowered by the electromagnetic spill valve II to make the energy storage
  • the pressure of the pressure is not more than 1 MPa, and the YV4 of the electromagnetic spill valve II can be de-energized for one second during the work-in stage, so that the remaining oil in the accumulator can be immediately returned to the tank through the electromagnetic spill valve II, ensuring the work.
  • the stability of the stage The above electromagnetic ball valve is used for pressure relief and pressure relief, and can effectively reduce the rebound of the sheet material and the machine wall panel after bending the sheet material, and open the pressure release before the liquid control.
  • the bending method of the high-efficiency bending machine of the present invention is obtained by controlling the YV2 of the three-position four-way valve, the YV1 of the electromagnetic spill valve I and the YV4 of the electromagnetic spill valve II are energized, at this time, the oil pump The output oil enters the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder directly through the three-position four-way valve and the superimposed hydraulic control check valve. At this time, the oil in the lower chamber of the hydraulic cylinder passes through the superimposed hydraulic control check valve and the three-position four-way valve.
  • the fuel tank and the lower chamber have no pressure control oil and can not open the hydraulic control check valve.
  • the oil output from the oil pump is locked in the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder for pressure keeping, and the dwell time is long and stable, overcoming the existing hydraulic system of the bending machine. It is often difficult to achieve the pressure holding of the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder or the continuous pressurization by the filling valve to maintain the pressure, waste resources, and the pressure is unstable.
  • the bending method of the high-efficiency bending machine of the present invention can make the various processes of the bending processing, such as fast down, work advance, and pressure holding, satisfy their respective different requirements, thereby ensuring the entire folding.
  • the precision, stability and bending efficiency of the bending process and the processing quality of the sheet make it suitable for modern production.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hydraulic system of an efficient and stable running bending machine of the present invention.
  • the hydraulic system of the high-efficiency stable operation bending machine of the present embodiment includes an oil pump 2, a fuel tank 16, a hydraulic cylinder 9, and an accumulator 8.
  • the oil pump 2 is connected to the electric motor 1, and the oil inlet of the oil pump 2 is connected to the oil tank 16.
  • the oil outlet of the oil pump 2 is connected to the P port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 3 through a pipe on the one hand, and On the one hand, it is also connected to the oil tank 16 via an electromagnetic spill valve I4.
  • the T port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 3 is connected to the oil tank 16 through a pipe, and the A port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 3 is connected to the lower cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 9 through a stacking valve group, three-four The B port of the electromagnetic reversing valve 3 is connected to the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 9 through the stacking valve group.
  • a transition block 17 is arranged between the superimposed valve group and the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 3, thereby facilitating the tube. The connection of the road.
  • the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 9 is also connected to the accumulator 8 through a pilot operated check valve 7, which is connected to the transition block 17 through the second control oil pipe 701, thereby being integrated with the superposed hydraulic control
  • the A chamber line of valve 6 is in communication.
  • an accumulator 8 is installed on the hydraulic circuit of the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder of the bending machine, and the oil control check valve 7 is used to reversely lock the oil, so that the accumulator 8 and the oil pump 2 can be simultaneously passed in the lower stage.
  • the oil is supplied to the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 9, and the piston is pushed down, and the weight of the slider is added.
  • the above points can be combined to achieve the high-speed downward speed, and the high-speed and stable downward movement of the upper mold of the bending machine is realized.
  • the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 9 is always at a high speed under pressure. Downstream, there is no negative pressure or suction.
  • the accumulator 8 is reversely locked by the hydraulic control check valve 7, so that the pressure can not be lifted when the pressurization is pressurized, and the bending effect of the plate member is affected.
  • the stacking valve group of the embodiment comprises a superimposed hydraulically controlled check valve 6 and a superimposed relief valve 5, wherein the superposed hydraulically controlled check valve 6 comprises an A cavity and a B cavity, and the A cavity is a hydraulically controlled check valve.
  • the pilot operated check valve is connected to the B port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 3 through the first control oil pipe 601.
  • the B cavity of the above-mentioned superimposed hydraulic control check valve 6 is an ordinary one-way valve, and the A port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 3 is connected with the A cavity of the superimposed hydraulic control check valve 6, and the three-position four-way electromagnetic
  • the B port of the reversing valve 3 is connected to the B cavity of the superimposed hydraulically controlled check valve 6, so that the oil in the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 9 can be effectively prevented from returning to the oil tank 16 through the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 3 during the return stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 9.
  • the oil in the upper chamber enters the accumulator 8 through the pilot operated check valve 7 to flush the accumulator 8 to prepare the hydraulic cylinder 9 for rapid downward movement.
  • the use of the stacking valve group on the oil manifold block can effectively reduce the installation empty position of the valve body, which is beneficial to the processing of the oil circuit integrated block and the reduction of the material cost, and is convenient for maintenance.
  • the oil outlet of the oil pump 2 and the oil inlet of the accumulator 8 are connected to the pressure gauge switch 13 and the pressure gauge 14 through a pipe.
  • the hydraulic system of the high-efficiency stable operation bending machine of the present embodiment includes an oil pump 2, a fuel tank 16, a hydraulic cylinder 9, and an accumulator 8.
  • the oil pump 2 is connected to the electric motor 1, and the oil inlet of the oil pump 2 is connected to the oil tank 16.
  • the oil outlet of the oil pump 2 is connected to the P port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 3 through a pipe on the one hand, and On the one hand, it is also connected to the oil tank 16 via an electromagnetic spill valve I4.
  • the T port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 3 is connected to the oil tank 16 through a pipe, and the A port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 3 is connected to the lower cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 9 through a stacking valve group, three-four
  • the B port of the electromagnetic reversing valve 3 is connected to the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 9 through the superimposing valve group.
  • a transition block 17 is disposed between the superimposed valve group and the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 3.
  • the stacking valve group of the embodiment comprises a superimposed hydraulically controlled check valve 6 and a superimposed relief valve 5, wherein the superposed hydraulically controlled check valve 6 comprises an A cavity and a B cavity, and the A cavity is a hydraulically controlled check valve.
  • the pilot operated check valve is connected to the B port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 3 through the first control oil pipe 601.
  • the B cavity of the above-mentioned superimposed hydraulic control check valve 6 is an ordinary one-way valve, and the A port of the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 3 is connected with the A cavity of the superimposed hydraulic control check valve 6, and the three-position four-way electromagnetic
  • the port B of the reversing valve 3 is connected to the B chamber of the superposed hydraulically controlled check valve 6.
  • the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 9 is also connected to the accumulator 8 through a pilot operated check valve 7, which is connected to the transition block 17 through the second control oil pipe 701, thereby being integrated with the superposed hydraulic control
  • the A chamber line of valve 6 is in communication.
  • An electromagnetic spill valve II 10 and an electromagnetic ball valve 11 are further added to the oil port of the above-mentioned accumulator 8, wherein the electromagnetic spill valve II 10 is connected to the oil tank 16 through a pipe, and the pressure can be lowered through the electromagnetic spill valve II 10 .
  • the pressure of the accumulator 8 is not more than 1 MPa.
  • the electromagnetic ball valve 11 is connected on the one hand to the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 9, and on the other hand to the fuel tank 16 via an electromagnetic spill valve II.
  • the electromagnetic ball valve 11 is used for pressure relief and pressure relief, and can effectively reduce the rebound of the sheet material and the machine wall panel after bending, and before opening the liquid control Pressure relief.
  • an electromagnetic relay 15 is connected to the oil discharge pipe of the oil pump 2, and the oil outlet of the oil pump 2 is also connected to the pressure gauge switch 13 and the pressure gauge 14 through a pipe.
  • the hydraulic system of the embodiment has no high-speed downward running for the first time after the power-on operation, and the upper chamber accumulator 8 pressure can be stored after one rising stroke, and the accumulator 8 inflation pressure P0 (the upper chamber pressure of the accumulator) is smaller than 1MPa (can be increased or decreased according to different models and return speed), with the action of electrical appliances, can achieve efficient and stable bending action (as shown in Table 1 for the control of each solenoid valve in different bending processes) Action)
  • the bending method of the high-efficiency bending machine of the present invention specifically includes the following process:
  • the second control oil pipe 701 is coupled to the lower chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 9, the second control oil pipe 701 is under the action of the pressure oil.
  • the hydraulic control check valve 7 is opened, and the oil in the upper chamber of the two hydraulic cylinders 9 is pushed by the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 9 to make the pressure of the P1 chamber greater than 1 MPa (P1>P0), and the oil is squeezed to the accumulator 8 Inside, the accumulator 8 is filled with liquid to prepare for the next quick down action.
  • the area of the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 9 is greater than the number of the lower ring area of the hydraulic cylinder 9, which is generally less than ten. Times, the return force should overcome the self-weight and friction resistance of the slider, and also compress the airbag of the accumulator 8. Generally, the return pressure is about 12 MPa, and the pressure can be set by the superimposed relief valve 5 to make the hydraulic cylinder 9 The lower chamber pressure should not be too high for protection.
  • the oil outputted by the oil pump 2 directly enters the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 9 via the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 3 and the superposed hydraulically controlled check valve 6, and the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 9 is in the oil pump 2 Under the thrust of the discharged hydraulic oil, the work advances downward, and the hydraulic control check valve 7 is automatically closed by the spring force.
  • the pressure can be lowered, so that the pressure of the accumulator 8 is not more than 1 MPa, thereby ensuring the stability of the working stage and ensuring the bending quality of the plate.
  • the oil output from the oil pump 2 is locked in the upper chamber of the cylinder for pressure keeping, the holding time is long and stable, and the existing folding is overcome. Bending machine hydraulic system is usually difficult to achieve the pressure of the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder or the continuous pressure required by the filling valve to maintain the pressure, waste resources, and the pressure is not stable.
  • YV2 of the three-position four-way valve 3 is controlled to be energized
  • YV4 of the electromagnetic spill valve II 10 and YV5 of the electromagnetic ball valve 11 are energized, and the oil output from the oil pump 2 passes through the electromagnetic spill valve I 4
  • the YV4 of the electromagnetic spill valve II 10 is powered, and the oil instantaneously released from the upper chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 9 enters the lower chamber of the accumulator 8 through the electromagnetic ball valve 11, because the accumulator 8P0 chamber is filled with nitrogen gas.
  • the P1 cavity is compressive to generate a certain pressure and elasticity, which can effectively reduce the accident on the cylinder The impact sound generated by the release of oil.
  • the YV4 of the electromagnetic spill valve II 10 is controlled to be energized. At this time, the hydraulic system cannot establish the pressure, but the YV4 of the electromagnetic spill valve II 10 must be kept energized to ensure that the upper chamber has pressure to achieve high-speed downtime at any time.
  • the high-efficiency and stable operation of the bending machine of the embodiment includes the hydraulic system described in Embodiment 2, so that various processes of bending processing, such as quick-down, work-in, and pressure-holding, can be performed. Meet their different requirements, achieve high speed, stable down, stable work, long pressure retention and stability, thus ensuring the accuracy, stability and bending efficiency of the entire bending process and the quality of the sheet, enabling it to Meet the needs of modern production.
  • the air in the bending machine oil tank 16 moves in and out from the air cleaner 12 on the oil tank 16 with the high speed up and down movement of the slider, and the air in and out of the system tank 16 is less than 10% of the original, the fuel tank 16
  • the internal oil level fluctuation is small, which greatly reduces the oil pollution and ensures the stability of the bending machine.
  • the above dynamic action requirements can be realized by the electric appliance with the hydraulic pressure, and the function button switch can be selected to select the jog, single and cycle functions.

Abstract

一种高效折弯机的折弯方法，其中，油泵(2)的进油口与油箱(16)相连，油泵(2)的出油口通过管道与三位四通电磁换向阀(3)的P口相连；该三位四通电磁换向阀(3)的T口通过管道与油箱(16)相连，该三位四通电磁换向阀(3)的A口通过叠加阀组连接至液压缸(9)的下腔，该三位四通电磁换向阀(3)的B口通过叠加阀组连接至液压缸(9)的上腔；液压缸(9)的上腔还通过液控单向阀(7)与储能器(8)相连。该折弯方法通过对折弯机的液压系统进行改进，能够对板材折弯的整个过程"快下-工进-保压-泄压"均进行高效控制，保证快下阶段的高速稳定以及工进阶段的稳定性，同时保压效果好，保压阶段油缸上腔油压稳定，从而保证了板材的折弯质量。

Description

一种高效折弯机的折弯方法 技术领域
本发明属于折弯机技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种高效折弯机的折弯方法。
背景技术
随着加工业的发展，目前折弯机产品已广泛应用于机电、钣金、轻工、航空、船舶、仪表、电器、不锈钢制品、钢结构建筑和冶金行业等不同领域，其主要用于剪切各种钢板、不锈钢、铜板、铝板及非金属材料板材，也可以用于将板材折成V形、弧形、圆形或直角形等不同形状。现有折弯机的结构主要包括支架、工作台和夹紧板，工作台置于支架上，工作台由底座和压板构成，底座通过铰链与夹紧板相连，底座由座壳、线圈和盖板组成，线圈置于座壳的凹陷内，凹陷顶部覆有盖板。使用时由导线对线圈通电，通电后对压板产生引力，从而实现对压板和底座之间薄板的夹持。
折弯机主要包括液压折弯机和数控折弯机两大类，其中，液压折弯机是采用液压系统控制油缸伸缩来完成对工件的折弯工作。折弯机的折弯加工过程主要为：快下—慢下—保压—泄压—返程，且不同加工过程对液压系统的要求均有所不同，为了保证折弯机的折弯效率以及对板材的折弯质量，需对以上每个环节均进行严格控制。折弯机在工作过程中，不光讲究精度，同时对生产效益与使用的稳定性也有较高要求，但随着折弯机液压系统控制要求的不断提高，原有的液压控制技术已不能满足现代化生产的需求。
比如，现有折弯机滑块快下过程大多数是利用滑块的自重带动油缸活塞快速下行，也有的是采用增速缸结构等，但是油缸在快速下行后，油缸上腔产生负压，需要瞬间补充大量油液，一般都采用在油箱上安装充液阀实现高位补油，但工进时，会因油缸上腔有负压，易使油缸上腔吸空，同时充液阀关闭也需要过程，必需等上腔充满油后关闭充液阀才能工进，大大降低了工作效率。同时，折弯机工作过程中对工进阶段及保压阶段的稳定性也要求较高，而现有折弯机液压系统难以保证工进阶段的稳定性，从而影响工件折弯质量，且其油缸上腔通常是不保压的，需要连续加压才能保持压力，即耗能又宜升油温，加压噪声又大。
如，中国专利申请号：201120495897.1，申请日：2011年12月03日，发明创造名称为：折弯机液压系统，该申请案的折弯机液压系统，包括油泵、油箱、三位四通换向阀，充液阀接在油箱与油缸上腔之间；油泵的出油口经二通插装阀接油箱；三位四通换向阀的P口接油泵的出油口，B口经第一电磁换向阀接油缸下腔；B口还接充液阀的控制口；三位四通换向阀的A口经节流单向阀接油缸上腔；B口还经第二电磁换向阀、节流阀接油缸下腔。该申请案在一定程度上能够解决现有折弯机液压控制系统卸荷回路较复杂和背压控制稳定性不高的 问题，但其即通过油箱与油缸上腔之间的充液阀实现高位补油，折弯机快下过程速度有限，仍有待进一步提高，且油缸上腔易吸空，工作效率较低，折弯机快下及工进阶段相对不稳定。此外，该申请案的液压系统并不能实现真正的保压过程，需要连续加压才能保持压力，浪费资源。
又如，中国专利申请号：201420644782.8，申请日为：2014年10月30日，发明创造名称为：一种折弯机液压系统，该申请案的液压缸有两个，液压缸包括上腔和下腔，泵站包括变量液压泵和油箱，换向阀包括P口、A口、B口和T口，变量液压泵出油口与换向阀P口相连，换向阀A口通过管道分别与两个液压缸上腔第一进油口连接，充液阀位于第二进油口与油箱之间的管道上，充液阀与两个第二进油口之间的管道上各设有一个流量计，第一出油口通过管道与B口连接，每个第一出油口处的管道上都设有一个流量计，第一出油口与B口之间的管道上设有出油控制装置。该申请案在一定程度上能够提高液压系统的安全性，但其也是通过油箱与油缸上腔之间的充液阀实现高位补油的，且该系统也不能实现真正的保压过程，从而影响板件，尤其是弹性较大的板件的折弯质量。
发明内容
1.发明要解决的技术问题
本发明的目的在于克服现有折弯机液压系统的控制精度、控制效率及稳定性已难以满足现代化生产的需求，从而影响板材折弯质量的不足，提供了一种高效折弯机的折弯方法。使用本发明的折弯方法能够实现对板材折弯的整个过程的高效控制，保证快下阶段的高速、稳定以及工进阶段的稳定性，同时保压时间较长，保压阶段油缸上腔油压稳定，从而保证了板材的折弯质量。
2.技术方案
为达到上述目的，本发明提供的技术方案为：
本发明的一种高效折弯机的折弯方法，其步骤为：
(1)开机：起动电动机，控制电磁溢流阀II的YV4得电，油泵排出的油液经电磁溢流阀I与三位四通电磁换向阀流回油箱；此时整个液压系统不产生压力，储能器下腔在泄压状态，由于储能器上腔充气小于1MPa，储能器油压腔内无压力，气囊将储能器内的油液排出；
(2)回程：控制电磁溢流阀I的YV1得电，三位四通电磁换向阀的YV3得电，电磁溢流阀II的YV4得电，油泵输出的压力油分别经三位四通电磁换向阀、叠加式液控单向阀直接进入液压缸的下腔，从而推动活塞上行；此时通过第二控制油管在压力油的作用下将液控单向阀打开，两液压缸上腔的油液在液压缸活塞推动的作用下，把油液挤压到储能器内，给储能器充液，为下一次的快下动作做准备；
(3)快下：控制三位四通电磁换向阀的YV2得电，电磁溢流阀I的YV1和电磁溢流阀II的YV4得电，此时油泵输出的油液经三位四通电磁换向阀和叠加式液控单向阀直接进入液压缸的上腔，受液压缸上腔有储能器压力的影响，第一控制油管同时将叠加式液控单向阀完全打开，液压缸下腔的油液排出经打开后的叠加式液控单向阀和三位四通电磁换向阀返回油箱；此时油泵和储能器所排出的油液合并推动活塞下行，加上滑块的自重，从而带动折弯机上模的高速下行；
(4)工进：高速下行后，受变速点与电气的控制，使电磁溢流阀II的YV4失电1秒，储能器内剩余的油液瞬间通过电磁溢流阀II流回油箱，此时液压缸上腔的液压油没有背压，没有开启压力来完全打开叠加式液控单向阀，液压缸下腔的油液从叠加式液控单向阀经过，油泵输出的油液经三位四通电磁换向阀和叠加式液控单向阀直接进入液压缸的上腔，液压缸的活塞在油泵排出的液压油的推力下，实现工进下行，液控单向阀受弹簧力的作用下自动关闭；
(5)保压：控制三位四通电磁换向阀的YV2得电，电磁溢流阀I的YV1和电磁溢流阀II的YV4得电，油泵输出的油液经三位四通电磁换向阀和叠加式液控单向阀直接进入液压缸的上腔，此时液压缸下腔的油液通过叠加式液控单向阀与三位四通电磁换向阀回油箱，下腔无压力控制油也无法打开液控单向阀，油泵输出的油即锁在油缸上腔内进行保压；
(6)泄压：控制三位四通电磁换向阀的YV2得电，电磁溢流阀II的YV4和电磁球阀的YV5得电，油泵输出的油液经电磁溢流阀I回油箱，因电磁溢流阀II的YV4得电，液压缸上腔瞬间释放出来的油液经电磁球阀进入到储能器下腔内；
(7)停车：控制电磁溢流阀II的YV4得电，此时液压系统建立不了压力，保持电磁溢流阀II的YV4得电，保证上腔有压力随时实现高速下行；
(8)停机：控制油泵的电动机停止工作，此时所有的电磁失电，储能器下腔的油液全部排出，液压缸上腔没有压力。
更进一步地，所述的油泵与电动机相连，且油泵的进油口与油箱相连，油泵的出油口通过管道与三位四通电磁换向阀的P口相连；所述三位四通电磁换向阀的T口通过管道与油箱相连，该三位四通电磁换向阀的A口通过叠加阀组连接至液压缸的下腔，该三位四通电磁换向阀的B口通过叠加阀组连接至液压缸的上腔，所述液压缸的上腔通过液控单向阀与储能器相连。
更进一步地，所述的叠加阀组包括叠加式液控单向阀和叠加式溢流阀，其中叠加式液控单向阀包括A腔和B腔，且三位四通电磁换向阀的A口与叠加式液控单向阀的A腔相连，三位四通电磁换向阀的B口与叠加式液控单向阀的B腔相连。
更进一步地，所述叠加式液控单向阀的A腔为液控单向阀，其B腔为普通单向阀。
更进一步地，所述叠加式液控单向阀的A腔通过第一控制油管与三位四通电磁换向阀的B口相连。
更进一步地，所述的叠加阀组与三位四通电磁换向阀之间设有过渡块，所述的液控单向阀通过第二控制油管连接至过渡块。
更进一步地，所述的电磁溢流阀II位于储能器的油口处，且该电磁溢流阀II通过管道与油箱相连。
更进一步地，所述的电磁球阀安装于储能器的油口处，该电磁球阀一方面与液压缸上腔相连，另一方面通过电磁溢流阀II与油箱相连。
更进一步地，所述油泵的出油口还通过电磁溢流阀I与油箱相连。
更进一步地，所述油泵的出油管上连接有电磁继电器，且油泵的出油口还通过管道与压力表开关及压力表相连。
3.有益效果
采用本发明提供的技术方案，与现有技术相比，具有如下有益效果：
(1)本发明的一种高效折弯机的折弯方法，在折弯机液压缸上腔液压管路上安装一个储能器，并通过液控单向阀进行反向锁油，从而可以在快下阶段同时通过储能器和油泵向液压缸上腔供油，推动活塞下行，再加上滑块的自重，结合以上几点可以达到高速下行的速度，实现了折弯机上模的高速、稳定下行。同时下行过程中液压缸上腔始终是带压状态下高速下行，不存在有负压或吸空现象。此外，上述储能器通过液控单向阀进行反向锁油，从而还可以有效防止工进加压时升不了压力，影响板件的折弯效果。
(2)本发明的一种高效折弯机的折弯方法，通过定制专门的叠加阀组，该叠加阀组包括叠加式液控单向阀和叠加式溢流阀，其中叠加式液控单向阀的B腔为普通单向阀，且三位四通电磁换向阀的B口与叠加式液控单向阀的B腔相连，从而可以有效防止液压缸回程时其上腔内的油液通过三位四通电磁换向阀返回油箱，而使其上腔内的油液通过液控单向阀进入储能器给储能器冲液，为液压缸快速下行做准备。此外，在油集成块上使用叠加阀组还能够有效减少阀体的安装空位置，有利于油路集成块的加工与材料成本的降底，又方便维修。
(3)本发明的一种高效折弯机的折弯方法，其储能器的油口处增设电磁溢流阀II和电磁球阀，通过电磁溢流阀II可以将压力调低，使得储能器压力补油压不大于1MPa，且在工进阶段通过控制电磁溢流阀II的YV4失电一秒可以使储能器内剩余的油液瞬间通过电磁溢流阀II流回油箱，保证工进阶段的稳定性。上述电磁球阀是保压完泄压用的，可以有效减小因折弯板料后板料与机器墙板的反弹，打开液控前的泄压。
(4)本发明的一种高效折弯机的折弯方法，通过控制三位四通阀的YV2得电，电磁溢流阀I的YV1和电磁溢流阀II的YV4得电，此时油泵输出的油液经三位四通阀和叠加式液控单向阀直接进入液压缸的上腔，此时液压缸下腔的油液通过叠加式液控单向阀与三位四通阀回油箱，下腔无压力控制油也无法打开液控单向阀，油泵输出的油即锁在液压缸上腔内进行保压，保压时间较长且稳定，克服了现有折弯机液压系统通常难以真正实现液压缸上腔的保压或通常需要通过充液阀进行连续加压才能保持压力，浪费资源，且保压不稳定的不足。
(5)本发明的一种高效折弯机的折弯方法，可以使折弯加工的各个过程，如快下、工进、保压等均能满足其各自的不同要求，从而保证了整个折弯加工的精度、稳定性和折弯效率以及板材的加工质量，使其能够满足现代化生产的需求。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一种高效稳定运行折弯机的液压系统的结构示意图。
示意图中的标号说明：
1、电动机；2、油泵；3、三位四通电磁换向阀；4、电磁溢流阀I；5、叠加式溢流阀；6、叠加式液控单向阀；601、第一控制油管；7、液控单向阀；701、第二控制油管；8、储能器；9、液压缸；10、电磁溢流阀II；11、电磁球阀；12、空气滤清器；13、压力表开关；14、压力表；15、电磁继电器；16、油箱；17、过渡块。
具体实施方式
为进一步了解本发明的内容，现结合附图和实施例对本发明作详细描述。
实施例1
如图1所示，本实施例的一种高效稳定运行折弯机的液压系统，包括油泵2、油箱16、液压缸9和储能器8。其中，所述的油泵2与电动机1相连，且油泵2的进油口与油箱16相连，油泵2的出油口一方面通过管道与三位四通电磁换向阀3的P口相连，另一方面还通过电磁溢流阀I 4与油箱16相连。所述三位四通电磁换向阀3的T口通过管道与油箱16相连，该三位四通电磁换向阀3的A口通过叠加阀组连接至液压缸9的下腔，三位四通电磁换向阀3的B口通过叠加阀组连接至液压缸9的上腔，本实施例中叠加阀组与三位四通电磁换向阀3之间设有过渡块17，从而便于管路的连接。所述液压缸9的上腔还通过液控单向阀7与储能器8相连，该液控单向阀7通过第二控制油管701连接至过渡块17，从而与叠加式液控单向阀6的A腔管路相连通。本实施例通过折弯机液压缸上腔液压管路上安装一个储能器8，并通过液控单向阀7进行反向锁油，从而可以在快下阶段同时通过储能器8和油泵2向液压缸9上腔供油，推动活塞下行，再加上滑块的自重，结合以上几点可以达到高速下行的速度，实现了折弯机上模的高速、稳定下行。同时下行过程中液压缸9上腔始终是带压状态下高速 下行，不存在有负压或吸空现象。此外，上述储能器8通过液控单向阀7进行反向锁油，从而还可以有效防止工进加压时升不了压力，影响板件的折弯效果。
本实施例的叠加阀组包括叠加式液控单向阀6和叠加式溢流阀5，其中叠加式液控单向阀6包括A腔和B腔，其A腔为液控单向阀，该液控单向阀通过第一控制油管601与三位四通电磁换向阀3的B口相连。上述叠加式液控单向阀6的B腔为普通单向阀，且三位四通电磁换向阀3的A口与叠加式液控单向阀6的A腔相连，三位四通电磁换向阀3的B口与叠加式液控单向阀6的B腔相连，从而可以有效防止液压缸9回程时其上腔内的油液通过三位四通电磁换向阀3返回油箱16，而使其上腔内的油液通过液控单向阀7进入储能器8给储能器8冲液，为液压缸9快速下行做准备。此外，在油集成块上使用叠加阀组还能够有效减少阀体的安装空位置，有利于油路集成块的加工与材料成本的降底，又方便维修。
本实施例中，油泵2的出油口以及储能器8的进油口均通过管道与压力表开关13及压力表14相连。
实施例2
如图1所示，本实施例的一种高效稳定运行折弯机的液压系统，包括油泵2、油箱16、液压缸9和储能器8。其中，所述的油泵2与电动机1相连，且油泵2的进油口与油箱16相连，油泵2的出油口一方面通过管道与三位四通电磁换向阀3的P口相连，另一方面还通过电磁溢流阀I 4与油箱16相连。所述三位四通电磁换向阀3的T口通过管道与油箱16相连，该三位四通电磁换向阀3的A口通过叠加阀组连接至液压缸9的下腔，三位四通电磁换向阀3的B口通过叠加阀组连接至液压缸9的上腔，本实施例中叠加阀组与三位四通电磁换向阀3之间设有过渡块17。
本实施例的叠加阀组包括叠加式液控单向阀6和叠加式溢流阀5，其中叠加式液控单向阀6包括A腔和B腔，其A腔为液控单向阀，该液控单向阀通过第一控制油管601与三位四通电磁换向阀3的B口相连。上述叠加式液控单向阀6的B腔为普通单向阀，且三位四通电磁换向阀3的A口与叠加式液控单向阀6的A腔相连，三位四通电磁换向阀3的B口与叠加式液控单向阀6的B腔相连。
所述液压缸9的上腔还通过液控单向阀7与储能器8相连，该液控单向阀7通过第二控制油管701连接至过渡块17，从而与叠加式液控单向阀6的A腔管路相连通。上述储能器8的油口处还增设电磁溢流阀II 10和电磁球阀11，其中，电磁溢流阀II 10通过管道与油箱16相连，通过电磁溢流阀II 10可以将压力调低，使得储能器8压力补油压不大于1MPa。电磁球阀11一方面与液压缸9上腔相连，另一方面通过电磁溢流阀II 10与油箱16相连。该电磁球阀11是保压完泄压用的，可以有效减小因折弯板料后板料与机器墙板的反弹，打开液控前 的泄压。
本实施例中，所述油泵2的出油管上连接有电磁继电器15，且油泵2的出油口还通过管道与压力表开关13及压力表14相连。
本实施例的液压系统开机后第一次向下动作运行没有高速下行，需一次上升行程后方能储存上腔储能器8压力，储能器8充气压力P0(储能器上腔压力)小于1MPa(可根椐不同的机型与返程速度而增大或减小)，配合电器动作，可实现高效稳定的折弯动作(如表1所示为不同折弯工艺过程中各电磁阀的控制动作)，本发明的高效折弯机的折弯方法具体包括以下过程：
表1不同折弯工艺过程中各电磁阀的控制动作
Figure PCTCN2017097452-appb-000001
(1)开机：起动电动机1，控制电磁溢流阀II 10的YV4得电，由于电磁溢流阀I 4与三位四通电磁换向阀(三位四通阀)3的线圈不工作，油泵2排出的油液经电磁溢流阀I 4与三位四通电磁换向阀3流回油箱16。此时整个液压系统不产生压力。储能器8下腔在泄压状态，由于储能器8上腔充气小于1MPa，储能器8油压腔内无压力，(P0＞P1)(P1为储能器8下腔压力)气囊将储能器8内的油液排出。
(2)回程：控制电磁溢流阀I 4的YV1得电，三位四通阀3的YV3得电，电磁溢流阀II 10的YV4得电，油泵2输出的压力油分别经三位四通阀3、叠加式液控单向阀6直接进入液压缸9的下腔，油泵2所排出的油液推动活塞上行，因叠加式液控单向阀6的B腔为单向阀，两油缸上腔的油液不能从三位四通换向阀3返回油箱16，由于第二控制油管701联接在液压缸9下腔管路上，此时通过第二控制油管701在压力油的作用下将液控单向阀7打开，两液压缸9上腔的油液在液压缸9活塞推动的作用下，使P1腔压力大于1MPa(P1＞P0)，把油液挤压到储能器8内，给储能器8充液，为下一次的快下动作做准备。
由于缸径大于杆径，液压缸9上腔的面积会大于液压缸9下环面积的数倍，一般小于十 倍，回程力要克服滑块的自重与磨擦阻力，还要使储能器8的气囊压缩，一般回程压力为12MPa左右，可通过叠加式溢流阀5将压力设定好，使液压缸9下腔压力不能过高，起保护作用。由于与叠加式液控单向阀6A腔内的液控单向阀相连的第一控制油管601没有压力油经过，从而能有效的将液压缸9下腔的油液锁死，以防滑块的自重与储能器8向下的压力使滑块掉刀。
(3)快下：控制三位四通阀3的YV2得电，电磁溢流阀I 4的YV1和电磁溢流阀II 10的YV4得电，此时油泵2输出的油液经三位四通阀3和叠加式液控单向阀6直接进入液压缸9的上腔，受液压缸上腔有储能器8压力的影响，第一控制油管601同时将A腔完全打开，液压缸9下腔的油液排出经打开后的叠加式液控单向阀6的A腔和三位四通阀3返回油箱16。此时油泵2和储能器8所排出的油液合并推动活塞下行，加上滑块的自重，结合以上几点达到高速稳定下行的速度，且液压缸9上腔始终是带压状态下高速下行，不存在有负压或吸空现象。
(4)工进：在高速下行后，受变速点与电气的控制，此时电磁溢流阀II 10的YV4失电1秒，储能器8内剩余的油液瞬间通过电磁溢流阀II 10流回油箱16，此时液压缸9上腔的液压油没有背压，没有开启压力来完全打开叠加式液控单向阀6，液压缸9下腔的油液从叠加式液控单向阀6缓慢的经过，此时油泵2输出的油液经三位四通电磁换向阀3和叠加式液控单向阀6直接进入液压缸9的上腔，液压缸9的活塞在油泵2排出的液压油的推力下，实现工进下行，液控单向阀7受弹簧力的作用下自动关闭。通过上述电磁溢流阀II 10可以将压力调低，使得储能器8压力补油压不大于1MPa，从而保证了工进阶段的稳定性，进而使板件的折弯质量得到保证。
(5)保压：控制三位四通电磁换向阀3的YV2得电，电磁溢流阀I 4的YV1和电磁溢流阀II 10的YV4得电，油泵2输出的油液经三位四通电磁换向阀3和叠加式液控单向阀6直接进入液压缸9的上腔，此时液压缸9下腔的油液通过叠加式液控单向阀6与三位四通阀3回油箱16，下腔无压力控制油也无法打开液控单向阀7，油泵2输出的油即锁在油缸上腔内进行保压，保压时间较长且稳定，克服了现有折弯机液压系统通常难以真正实现液压缸上腔的保压或通常需要通过充液阀进行连续加压才能保持压力，浪费资源，且保压不稳定的不足。
(6)泄压：控制三位四通阀3的YV2得电，电磁溢流阀II 10的YV4和电磁球阀11的YV5得电，此时油泵2输出的油液经电磁溢流阀I 4回油箱16，因电磁溢流阀II 10的YV4得电，液压缸9上腔瞬间释放出来的油液经电磁球阀11进入到储能器8下腔内，由于储能器8P0腔充有氮气，P1腔有压缩性的产生一定的压力与弹力，从而可有效的减小因油缸上腔瞬 间释放出来的油液而产生的冲击声。
(7)停车：控制电磁溢流阀II 10的YV4得电，此时液压系统建立不了压力，但电磁溢流阀II 10的YV4必需保持得电，保证上腔有压力随时实现高速下行。
(8)停机：油泵2的电动机1停止工作，此时所有的电磁失电，储能器8下腔的油液全部排出，液压缸上腔没有压力。
实施例3
本实施例的一种高效稳定运行的折弯机，该折弯机包括实施例2所述的液压系统，从而可以使折弯加工的各个过程，如快下、工进、保压等均能满足其各自的不同要求，实现高速、稳定下行，稳定工进，保压时间长且较稳定，从而保证了整个折弯加工的精度、稳定性和折弯效率以及板材的加工质量，使其能够满足现代化生产的需求。
通常折弯机油箱16内的空气会随着滑块的高速上下动作大量从油箱16上的空气滤清器12进出，而本系统油箱16内的空气进出量不到原来的10％，油箱16内油液液位波动较小，从而大大减少了油液的污染，保证了折弯机工作的稳定性。以上各动动作要求可通过电器配合液压实现，另通过功能按扭开关，可选择点动，单次，循环功能。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种高效折弯机的折弯方法，其特征在于，其步骤为：
    (1)开机：起动电动机(1)，控制电磁溢流阀II(10)的YV4得电，油泵(2)排出的油液经电磁溢流阀I(4)与三位四通电磁换向阀(3)流回油箱(16)；此时整个液压系统不产生压力，储能器(8)下腔在泄压状态，由于储能器(8)上腔充气小于1MPa，储能器(8)油压腔内无压力，气囊将储能器(8)内的油液排出；
    (2)回程：控制电磁溢流阀I(4)的YV1得电，三位四通电磁换向阀(3)的YV3得电，电磁溢流阀II(10)的YV4得电，油泵(2)输出的压力油分别经三位四通电磁换向阀(3)、叠加式液控单向阀(6)直接进入液压缸(9)的下腔，从而推动活塞上行；此时通过第二控制油管(701)在压力油的作用下将液控单向阀(7)打开，两液压缸(9)上腔的油液在液压缸(9)活塞推动的作用下，把油液挤压到储能器(8)内，给储能器(8)充液，为下一次的快下动作做准备；
    (3)快下：控制三位四通电磁换向阀(3)的YV2得电，电磁溢流阀I(4)的YV1和电磁溢流阀II(10)的YV4得电，此时油泵(2)输出的油液经三位四通电磁换向阀(3)和叠加式液控单向阀(6)直接进入液压缸(9)的上腔，受液压缸上腔有储能器(8)压力的影响，第一控制油管(601)同时将叠加式液控单向阀(6)完全打开，液压缸(9)下腔的油液排出经打开后的叠加式液控单向阀(6)和三位四通电磁换向阀(3)返回油箱(16)；此时油泵(2)和储能器(8)所排出的油液合并推动活塞下行，加上滑块的自重，从而带动折弯机上模的高速下行。
    (4)工进：高速下行后，受变速点与电气的控制，使电磁溢流阀II(10)的YV4失电1秒，储能器(8)内剩余的油液瞬间通过电磁溢流阀II(10)流回油箱(16)，此时液压缸(9)上腔的液压油没有背压，没有开启压力来完全打开叠加式液控单向阀(6)，液压缸(9)下腔的油液从叠加式液控单向阀(6)经过，油泵(2)输出的油液经三位四通电磁换向阀(3)和叠加式液控单向阀(6)直接进入液压缸(9)的上腔，液压缸(9)的活塞在油泵(2)排出的液压油的推力下，实现工进下行，液控单向阀(7)受弹簧力的作用下自动关闭；
    (5)保压：控制三位四通电磁换向阀(3)的YV2得电，电磁溢流阀I(4)的YV1和电磁溢流阀II(10)的YV4得电，油泵(2)输出的油液经三位四通电磁换向阀(3)和叠加式液控单向阀(6)直接进入液压缸(9)的上腔，此时液压缸(9)下腔的油液通过叠加式液控单向阀(6)与三位四通电磁换向阀(3)回油箱(16)，下腔无压力控制油也无法打开液控单向阀(7)，油泵(2)输出的油即锁在油缸上腔内进行保压；
    (6)泄压：控制三位四通电磁换向阀(3)的YV2得电，电磁溢流阀II(10)的YV4和电磁球阀(11)的YV5得电，油泵(2)输出的油液经电磁溢流阀I(4)回油箱(16)，因 电磁溢流阀II(10)的YV4得电，液压缸(9)上腔瞬间释放出来的油液经电磁球阀(11)进入到储能器(8)下腔内；
    (7)停车：控制电磁溢流阀II(10)的YV4得电，此时液压系统建立不了压力，保持电磁溢流阀II(10)的YV4得电，保证上腔有压力随时实现高速下行；
    (8)停机：控制油泵(2)的电动机(1)停止工作，此时所有的电磁失电，储能器(8)下腔的油液全部排出，液压缸上腔没有压力。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种高效折弯机的折弯方法，其特征在于：所述的油泵(2)与电动机(1)相连，且油泵(2)的进油口与油箱(16)相连，油泵(2)的出油口通过管道与三位四通电磁换向阀(3)的P口相连；所述三位四通电磁换向阀(3)的T口通过管道与油箱(16)相连，该三位四通电磁换向阀(3)的A口通过叠加阀组连接至液压缸(9)的下腔，该三位四通电磁换向阀(3)的B口通过叠加阀组连接至液压缸(9)的上腔，所述液压缸(9)的上腔通过液控单向阀(7)与储能器(8)相连。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种高效折弯机的折弯方法，其特征在于：所述的叠加阀组包括叠加式液控单向阀(6)和叠加式溢流阀(5)，其中叠加式液控单向阀(6)包括A腔和B腔，且三位四通电磁换向阀(3)的A口与叠加式液控单向阀(6)的A腔相连，三位四通电磁换向阀(3)的B口与叠加式液控单向阀(6)的B腔相连。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种高效折弯机的折弯方法，其特征在于：所述叠加式液控单向阀(6)的A腔为液控单向阀，其B腔为普通单向阀。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种高效折弯机的折弯方法，其特征在于：所述叠加式液控单向阀(6)的A腔通过第一控制油管(601)与三位四通电磁换向阀(3)的B口相连。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的一种高效折弯机的折弯方法，其特征在于：所述的叠加阀组与三位四通电磁换向阀(3)之间设有过渡块(17)，所述的液控单向阀(7)通过第二控制油管(701)连接至过渡块(17)。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的一种高效折弯机的折弯方法，其特征在于：所述的电磁溢流阀II(10)位于储能器(8)的油口处，且该电磁溢流阀II(10)通过管道与油箱(16)相连。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种高效折弯机的折弯方法，其特征在于：所述的电磁球阀(11)安装于储能器(8)的油口处，该电磁球阀(11)一方面与液压缸(9)上腔相连，另一方面通过电磁溢流阀II(10)与油箱(16)相连。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种高效折弯机的折弯方法，其特征在于：所述油泵(2)的出油口还通过电磁溢流阀I(4)与油箱(16)相连。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种高效折弯机的折弯方法，其特征在于：所述油泵(2)的出油管上连接有电磁继电器(15)，且油泵(2)的出油口还通过管道与压力表开关(13)及压力表(14)相连。
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CN108687283A (zh) * 2018-03-30 2018-10-23 天津市天锻压力机有限公司 一种热挤压成型液压机的电液控制系统与工艺成型方法
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CN109834966A (zh) * 2019-04-08 2019-06-04 江苏国力锻压机床有限公司 伺服泵控液压精冲机及其液压加工方法
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CN112828087A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-25 汪志洪 一种五金加工设备
CN114001069A (zh) * 2021-11-12 2022-02-01 中天钢铁集团有限公司 一种矫直机的液压系统及其操作方法
CN116892544A (zh) * 2023-07-20 2023-10-17 东方空间技术(山东)有限公司 一种火箭发射台液压控制系统
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CN116892544A (zh) * 2023-07-20 2023-10-17 东方空间技术(山东)有限公司 一种火箭发射台液压控制系统

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