WO2017216657A1 - Apparatus and method for fastening an airflow sensor to a duct - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for fastening an airflow sensor to a duct Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017216657A1
WO2017216657A1 PCT/IB2017/052689 IB2017052689W WO2017216657A1 WO 2017216657 A1 WO2017216657 A1 WO 2017216657A1 IB 2017052689 W IB2017052689 W IB 2017052689W WO 2017216657 A1 WO2017216657 A1 WO 2017216657A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
duct
fastening point
sensor part
sensor
planar
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2017/052689
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jari Hokkanen
Jari MIKKONEN
Teuvo SILLANPÄÄ
Original Assignee
Fläkt Woods AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fläkt Woods AB filed Critical Fläkt Woods AB
Priority to DE212017000144.5U priority Critical patent/DE212017000144U1/en
Priority to EP17730571.1A priority patent/EP3472527A1/en
Publication of WO2017216657A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017216657A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L41/00—Branching pipes; Joining pipes to walls
    • F16L41/008—Branching pipes; Joining pipes to walls for connecting a measuring instrument
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/66—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by measuring frequency, phase shift or propagation time of electromagnetic or other waves, e.g. using ultrasonic flowmeters
    • G01F1/667—Arrangements of transducers for ultrasonic flowmeters; Circuits for operating ultrasonic flowmeters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
    • G01P5/24—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave
    • G01P5/241—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave by using reflection of acoustical waves, i.e. Doppler-effect
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G12—INSTRUMENT DETAILS
    • G12B—CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF INSTRUMENTS, OR COMPARABLE DETAILS OF OTHER APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G12B9/00—Housing or supporting of instruments or other apparatus

Definitions

  • the object of the present invention is a method for fastening an air flow measuring sensor to a duct of a ventilation system, in which method at least one sensor part comprising a measuring sensor or measuring sensors is fastened to a fastening point formed on the outer surface of the duct, which fastening point is made to have a planar surface, and the bottom surface of which sensor part is fastened tightly to the planar fastening point.
  • the object of the invention is also an apparatus applicable to the method.
  • the invention relates to an apparatus for measuring air flow e.g. in a duct of a ventilation system. Background of the invention
  • Typical of such a prior art flow sensor is a volume flow rate meter based on measuring the average flow velocity, and its operation is based on measuring the difference in transit time between an ultrasound signal transmitted downstream and upstream. Also disclosed in prior art are so-called hybrid flow meters that operate both on the transit time principle and on the Doppler principle.
  • a problem in prior art systems is the effect of various interference sources, such as bends, T-branches and adaptor fittings, on measurement accuracy.
  • Interference sources cause changes in the behavior of an air flow near the interference source, and in prior art systems therefore a certain distance to the interference source must be maintained in order for the measurement result to correspond to the correct flow velocity and direction of the air flow.
  • One known air flow measuring system using ultrasound technology is disclosed in specification US 2015/0081232 Al.
  • Utility model FI 10752 presents a measuring apparatus based on the use of ultrasound technology, wherein measurement is based on the bending of a sound beam transmitted perpendicularly to the flow direction as a function of flow velocity.
  • the apparatus transmits an ultrasound signal, which is received by at least two ultrasound receivers.
  • the control unit included in the apparatus is adapted to measure the phase difference of the received ultrasound signals. Based on this, the flow velocity and/or flow direction of air in the ventilation duct are determined.
  • the present invention utilizes the ultrasound phase difference measurement on which utility model FI 10752 is based.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to minimize changes in the flow measurement result that are caused by the interference sources of the apparatus.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that holes are made in a planar fastening point for the sensors. Preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention are defined in the dependent claims 2 and 3.
  • the apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that holes are made in a planar fastening point for the sensors.
  • Fig. 1 presents a duct of a ventilation system, to which duct sensors have been fastened.
  • Fig. 2 presents the same as Fig. 1, but without the sensors.
  • Fig. 3 presents a cross-section of the duct.
  • Fig. 4 presents a magnification of the detail C of Fig . 3.
  • Fig. 5 presents a section of the duct, in which the fastening points for sensors according to one embodiment of the invention can be seen. Detailed description of the invention
  • Fig. 1 presents a ventilation system duct 1, or a part thereof, of round cross-sectional shape, to which the sensor parts 2 and 3 are fastened.
  • a round duct is just an example.
  • the shape of the duct can be any other shape whatsoever.
  • the sensor parts 2 and 3 (or sensor covers) are disposed opposite to each other on different sides of the duct 1.
  • the direction of the air flow is marked with an arrow V. Since the measurement of air flow utilizes a method based on a phase difference, in one sensor part 2 is a transmitter and in the other sensor part 3 are two receivers, which are disposed at a distance from each other in the longitudinal direction of the duct.
  • one sensor part 2 has only one transmitter and the other sensor part has two receivers at a distance from each other in the longitudinal direction of the duct, the sensor parts (sensor covers) are the same size as each other. None, on the other hand, prevents the making of two separate sensor parts on the receiving side, in each of which sensor parts is one receiver. Measurement of air flow based on a phase difference is thus described in the Finnish utility model FI 10752.
  • Fig. 2 presents the same part of a duct 1 without the sensor parts 2 and 3.
  • the fastening point 4 of the sensor part can therefore now be seen. It is formed to be planar, so that the sensor part 2, 3 remains tightly in position.
  • the planar surface is longitudinal to the tube and it is preferably formed with a shaping tool (not presented in the drawings) by shaping onto the surface of the tube or by adding an intermediate piece.
  • a shaping tool not presented in the drawings
  • the number and position of the tooling holes 5 can, of course, vary. For example, in the embodiment of Fig. 5 there are four tooling holes 5 in one fastening point.
  • a hole 6 for the transmitter sensor is a hole 6 for the transmitter sensor. It can be seen in the embodiment of Fig . 5 that there is a larger hole 6 for the transmission sensor as well as four smaller tooling holes 5 on the transmitter side, while on the receiver side there are two holes 7 for the receivers and one hole 8 for a temperature sensor.
  • the sensor part 2 and 3 can be tightly fastened to the planar fastening point of the duct 1 by means of e.g. tape or some other adhesive surface. In this way an airtight fastening is achieved, which is important from the viewpoint of operating reliability.
  • the circuit board in the sensor part functions as an airtight element for the components installed on it. Likewise, the installation aperture/apertures in the fastening point remain airtight when a circuit board is installed tightly onto them.
  • heat possibly forming in the circuit card is conducted into the duct, assisting in the management of the temperature gradients.
  • a supportive structure is also obtained, in which case the measuring geometry is not so sensitive to mechanical stressing.
  • the sensors/microphone are installed at the point of the holes 6, 7, 8 essentially on the plane of the inside surface of the duct 1. If the sensors/microphones are too far outside or inside in relation to the surface of the tube, it causes eddies and/or echoes and/or resonances that disturb measurement.
  • An excessive rise in the temperature of a circuit board comprised in a sensor part 2, 3 can be avoided by distributing heat-producing components evenly on the circuit board or by locating heat- producing components on their own circuit board. If the circuit board heats excessively, measurement accuracy suffers because the positions of components can change slightly due to thermal expansion. It is obvious to the person skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but that it can be varied within the scope of the claims presented below.
  • the protective cover can be separate from the circuit board. This achieves a more supportive and more robust solution than if the cover were attached to the circuit card.
  • the characteristic features possibly presented in the description in conjunction with other characteristic features can also, if necessary, be used separately to each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)

Abstract

Method for fastening an air flow measuring sensor to a duct (1) of a ventilation system, in which method at least one sensor part (2, 3) comprising a measuring sensor or measuring sensors is fastened to a fastening point (4) formed on the outer surface of the duct, which fastening point is made to have a planar surface, and the bottom surface of which sensor part (2, 3) is fastened tightly to the planar fastening point (4). The invention is implemented in such a way that holes (6, 7, 8) are made in the planar fastening point (4) for the sensors.

Description

APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR FASTENING AN AIRFLOW SENSOR TO A DUCT
The object of the present invention is a method for fastening an air flow measuring sensor to a duct of a ventilation system, in which method at least one sensor part comprising a measuring sensor or measuring sensors is fastened to a fastening point formed on the outer surface of the duct, which fastening point is made to have a planar surface, and the bottom surface of which sensor part is fastened tightly to the planar fastening point. The object of the invention is also an apparatus applicable to the method. Field of the invention
The invention relates to an apparatus for measuring air flow e.g. in a duct of a ventilation system. Background of the invention
From the standpoint of the operation of a ventilation system, it is essential that the air flow in the air flow ductwork matches that designed. By examining the directions and velocities of air flows in ventilation ducts, it can be ensured that the system operates in the desired manner. Measuring the directions and velocities of the air flow also enables e.g. various manual or automatic adjustment procedures to be performed in the system. In prior art air flow has been measured by the aid of a means that is installable, or installed, in a ventilation duct. These types of air flow sensors disposed in a duct cause pressure losses and also produce noise. Also known in the art are flow sensors and methods based on ultrasound. Typical of such a prior art flow sensor is a volume flow rate meter based on measuring the average flow velocity, and its operation is based on measuring the difference in transit time between an ultrasound signal transmitted downstream and upstream. Also disclosed in prior art are so-called hybrid flow meters that operate both on the transit time principle and on the Doppler principle.
A problem in prior art systems is the effect of various interference sources, such as bends, T-branches and adaptor fittings, on measurement accuracy. Interference sources cause changes in the behavior of an air flow near the interference source, and in prior art systems therefore a certain distance to the interference source must be maintained in order for the measurement result to correspond to the correct flow velocity and direction of the air flow. One known air flow measuring system using ultrasound technology is disclosed in specification US 2015/0081232 Al.
Utility model FI 10752 presents a measuring apparatus based on the use of ultrasound technology, wherein measurement is based on the bending of a sound beam transmitted perpendicularly to the flow direction as a function of flow velocity. The apparatus transmits an ultrasound signal, which is received by at least two ultrasound receivers. The control unit included in the apparatus is adapted to measure the phase difference of the received ultrasound signals. Based on this, the flow velocity and/or flow direction of air in the ventilation duct are determined.
Brief description of the invention The present invention utilizes the ultrasound phase difference measurement on which utility model FI 10752 is based. The purpose of the present invention is to minimize changes in the flow measurement result that are caused by the interference sources of the apparatus. The method according to the invention is characterized in that holes are made in a planar fastening point for the sensors. Preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention are defined in the dependent claims 2 and 3.
The apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that holes are made in a planar fastening point for the sensors.
Preferred embodiments of the apparatus according to the invention are defined in the dependent claims 5-9. Some of the advantages of the invention that can be mentioned are, inter alia, that the sensors can be disposed as close as possible to the surface of the flow channel, the structure is supportive, and the sealing surface is good, in which case faults caused by geometry can be eliminated.
Brief description of the figures
In the following, the invention will be described in detail by the aid of some examples of its preferred embodiments with reference to the attached drawings, wherein
Fig. 1 presents a duct of a ventilation system, to which duct sensors have been fastened. Fig. 2 presents the same as Fig. 1, but without the sensors.
Fig. 3 presents a cross-section of the duct. Fig. 4 presents a magnification of the detail C of Fig . 3.
Fig. 5 presents a section of the duct, in which the fastening points for sensors according to one embodiment of the invention can be seen. Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 presents a ventilation system duct 1, or a part thereof, of round cross-sectional shape, to which the sensor parts 2 and 3 are fastened. Here, a round duct is just an example. The shape of the duct can be any other shape whatsoever. The sensor parts 2 and 3 (or sensor covers) are disposed opposite to each other on different sides of the duct 1. The direction of the air flow is marked with an arrow V. Since the measurement of air flow utilizes a method based on a phase difference, in one sensor part 2 is a transmitter and in the other sensor part 3 are two receivers, which are disposed at a distance from each other in the longitudinal direction of the duct. Although one sensor part 2 has only one transmitter and the other sensor part has two receivers at a distance from each other in the longitudinal direction of the duct, the sensor parts (sensor covers) are the same size as each other. Nothing, on the other hand, prevents the making of two separate sensor parts on the receiving side, in each of which sensor parts is one receiver. Measurement of air flow based on a phase difference is thus described in the Finnish utility model FI 10752.
Fig. 2 presents the same part of a duct 1 without the sensor parts 2 and 3. The fastening point 4 of the sensor part can therefore now be seen. It is formed to be planar, so that the sensor part 2, 3 remains tightly in position. The planar surface is longitudinal to the tube and it is preferably formed with a shaping tool (not presented in the drawings) by shaping onto the surface of the tube or by adding an intermediate piece. In the embodiment of Fig. 2, there are two tooling holes 5 for the shaping tool in the fastening point 4 of the sensor part, whereby the shape is achieved always at the same point. The number and position of the tooling holes 5 can, of course, vary. For example, in the embodiment of Fig. 5 there are four tooling holes 5 in one fastening point. Furthermore, in the fixing point 4 is a hole 6 for the transmitter sensor. It can be seen in the embodiment of Fig . 5 that there is a larger hole 6 for the transmission sensor as well as four smaller tooling holes 5 on the transmitter side, while on the receiver side there are two holes 7 for the receivers and one hole 8 for a temperature sensor.
The sensor part 2 and 3 can be tightly fastened to the planar fastening point of the duct 1 by means of e.g. tape or some other adhesive surface. In this way an airtight fastening is achieved, which is important from the viewpoint of operating reliability. The circuit board in the sensor part functions as an airtight element for the components installed on it. Likewise, the installation aperture/apertures in the fastening point remain airtight when a circuit board is installed tightly onto them. When the circuit board is directly attached to the surface of the duct, heat possibly forming in the circuit card is conducted into the duct, assisting in the management of the temperature gradients. A supportive structure is also obtained, in which case the measuring geometry is not so sensitive to mechanical stressing.
The sensors/microphone are installed at the point of the holes 6, 7, 8 essentially on the plane of the inside surface of the duct 1. If the sensors/microphones are too far outside or inside in relation to the surface of the tube, it causes eddies and/or echoes and/or resonances that disturb measurement.
An excessive rise in the temperature of a circuit board comprised in a sensor part 2, 3 can be avoided by distributing heat-producing components evenly on the circuit board or by locating heat- producing components on their own circuit board. If the circuit board heats excessively, measurement accuracy suffers because the positions of components can change slightly due to thermal expansion. It is obvious to the person skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but that it can be varied within the scope of the claims presented below. The protective cover can be separate from the circuit board. This achieves a more supportive and more robust solution than if the cover were attached to the circuit card. The characteristic features possibly presented in the description in conjunction with other characteristic features can also, if necessary, be used separately to each other.

Claims

Method for fastening an air flow measuring sensor to a duct (1) of a ventilation system, in which method at least one sensor part (2, 3) comprising a measuring sensor or measuring sensors is fastened to a fastening point (4) formed on the outer surface of the duct, which fastening point is made to have a planar surface, and the bottom surface of which sensor part (2, 3) is fastened tightly to the planar fastening point (4), characterized in that holes (6, 7, 8) are made in the planar fastening point (4) for the sensors.
Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the planar fastening point (4) is formed by shaping, and in that tooling holes (5) are made in it for the shaping tool.
Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sensor part (2, 3) is fastened with tape or glued to the fastening point.
Apparatus for measuring the air flow in a duct (1) of a ventilation system, on the outer surface of which duct is at least one fastening point (4) for a sensor part (2, 3), the sensor part comprising the necessary measuring sensors, and which fastening point (4) is formed to be planar in essentially all the area onto which the sensor part (2, 3) is fastened, characterized in that holes (6, 7, 8) are made in the planar fastening point (4) for the sensors.
5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that holes (5) are made in the planar fastening point (4) for the shaping tool. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the sensor part (2, 3) is fastened with tape or glued to the fastening point (4).
Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the sensors in the sensor part (2, 3) are installed via the holes (6, 7, 8) in the fastening point (4) essentially on the plane of the inside surface of the duct.
Apparatus according to any of claims 4-7, characterized in that in the sensor part (2) transmitting a signal is one transmission sensor and in the receiving sensor part (3) are two sensors receiving a signal at a distance from each other in the longitudinal direction of the duct (1).
Apparatus according to any of claims 4-8, characterized in that the circuit board in the sensor part is made into an airtight element for the components installed on it.
PCT/IB2017/052689 2016-06-17 2017-05-09 Apparatus and method for fastening an airflow sensor to a duct WO2017216657A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE212017000144.5U DE212017000144U1 (en) 2016-06-17 2017-05-09 Device for attaching an air flow sensor to a pipe
EP17730571.1A EP3472527A1 (en) 2016-06-17 2017-05-09 Apparatus and method for fastening an airflow sensor to a duct

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20165505A FI20165505L (en) 2016-06-17 2016-06-17 Procedure for attaching an air flow measuring sensor to a duct in a ventilation system and apparatus
FI20165505 2016-06-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017216657A1 true WO2017216657A1 (en) 2017-12-21

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PCT/IB2017/052689 WO2017216657A1 (en) 2016-06-17 2017-05-09 Apparatus and method for fastening an airflow sensor to a duct

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP3472527A1 (en)
DE (1) DE212017000144U1 (en)
FI (1) FI20165505L (en)
WO (1) WO2017216657A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2615184A (en) * 2021-12-10 2023-08-02 Measurement Spec Inc Sensor having a piezoelectric element
WO2024100237A1 (en) * 2022-11-11 2024-05-16 Fläktgroup Sweden Ab Apparatus and method for measuring flow speed

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030084732A1 (en) * 2001-09-14 2003-05-08 Sick Ag Apparatus for measuring the velocity and/or through-flow of a fluid
JP2004205373A (en) * 2002-12-25 2004-07-22 Noritz Corp Sensor mounting device and its mounting structure
FR2950965A1 (en) * 2009-10-07 2011-04-08 Wika Alexander Wiegand Se & Co Kg Measuring station for measuring physical quantity of tubular section in e.g. food product industry, has adapter for filling opening arranged in tubular section, where adapter is connected to flat tubular wall by material connection unit
US20130061687A1 (en) * 2011-09-12 2013-03-14 Hydrosonic B.V. Portable ultrasonic flow measuring system, measuring devices and measuring tube

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9335194B2 (en) 2013-09-16 2016-05-10 Agena A/S System or a method for measuring flow of fluid or gas

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030084732A1 (en) * 2001-09-14 2003-05-08 Sick Ag Apparatus for measuring the velocity and/or through-flow of a fluid
JP2004205373A (en) * 2002-12-25 2004-07-22 Noritz Corp Sensor mounting device and its mounting structure
FR2950965A1 (en) * 2009-10-07 2011-04-08 Wika Alexander Wiegand Se & Co Kg Measuring station for measuring physical quantity of tubular section in e.g. food product industry, has adapter for filling opening arranged in tubular section, where adapter is connected to flat tubular wall by material connection unit
US20130061687A1 (en) * 2011-09-12 2013-03-14 Hydrosonic B.V. Portable ultrasonic flow measuring system, measuring devices and measuring tube

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2615184A (en) * 2021-12-10 2023-08-02 Measurement Spec Inc Sensor having a piezoelectric element
WO2024100237A1 (en) * 2022-11-11 2024-05-16 Fläktgroup Sweden Ab Apparatus and method for measuring flow speed

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE212017000144U1 (en) 2019-01-31
FI20165505L (en) 2017-12-18
EP3472527A1 (en) 2019-04-24

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