WO2017195357A1 - Communication apparatus, communication method, and communication program - Google Patents

Communication apparatus, communication method, and communication program Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017195357A1
WO2017195357A1 PCT/JP2016/064326 JP2016064326W WO2017195357A1 WO 2017195357 A1 WO2017195357 A1 WO 2017195357A1 JP 2016064326 W JP2016064326 W JP 2016064326W WO 2017195357 A1 WO2017195357 A1 WO 2017195357A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
communication
port
communication device
transmission right
transmission
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Application number
PCT/JP2016/064326
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
嗣也 大石
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2016/064326 priority Critical patent/WO2017195357A1/en
Priority to TW105118105A priority patent/TW201740705A/en
Publication of WO2017195357A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017195357A1/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/42Loop networks
    • H04L12/427Loop networks with decentralised control
    • H04L12/433Loop networks with decentralised control with asynchronous transmission, e.g. token ring, register insertion

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a communication device, a communication method, and a communication program.
  • a plurality of control devices that support full-duplex communication are connected to a network for communication.
  • This communication includes regular communication that is periodically performed every communication cycle and irregular communication that is performed each time a request is made. If the control device does not recognize the position of another control device, data is transmitted from both ports during the ring configuration. Further, in the case of a ring configuration, one control device has a blocking port, that is, a port that blocks a packet from being relayed so that a broadcast storm does not occur.
  • a token passing method In the token passing method, tokens are handed over to each control device in order via the network, and only the control device that fetches the token has the right to transmit data, thereby performing transmission control that avoids data collisions. Yes.
  • CC-Link IE Fielded the amount of irregular communication that can be transmitted is limited in order to ensure the regularity of regular communication and to mix with irregular communication.
  • a link scan unit restriction method As one of the limiting methods for limiting the amount of irregular communication, there is a method in which the maximum irregular communication amount that can be transmitted while a token makes a round of each control device is determined, that is, a link scan unit restriction method.
  • An object of the present invention is to improve the transmission efficiency of regular communication and irregular communication by enabling irregular communication to be performed from other than a control device having a transmission right in a ring topology. To do.
  • a communication device is a communication system in which a plurality of communication devices each having a first port and a second port are connected in a ring shape, and a frame is transmitted between the plurality of communication devices.
  • a periodic frame including data that is transmitted when the transmission right is held in the own communication apparatus and is periodically transmitted is generated, and the periodic frame is transmitted from the first port to the own communication apparatus.
  • a port control unit that disables the first port when the transmission right is held in the next communication device.
  • the communication apparatus includes a transmission unit that transmits a periodic frame from the first port to the second port of the next communication apparatus when the transmission right is held in the own communication apparatus; And a port control unit that disables the first port when held in the communication device. Therefore, irregular communication can be performed from a communication apparatus other than the transmission right, and the transmission efficiency of regular communication and irregular communication can be improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a communication system 500 according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is an example of communication in the communication system 500 of FIG. 1, and is a diagram showing communication of a comparative example for comparison with the present embodiment.
  • 1 is a configuration diagram of a communication device 100 according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. FIG. 4 is a flowchart of communication method 510 of communication device 100 and communication processing S100 of communication program 520 according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of communication method 510 of communication device 100 and communication processing S100 of communication program 520 according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of communication method 510 of communication device 100 and communication processing S100 of communication program 520 according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a communication device 100 according to a modification of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. *** Explanation of configuration *** FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a communication system 500 according to the present embodiment.
  • the communication system 500 constitutes a ring topology in which a plurality of communication devices are connected in a ring shape.
  • the communication device 100_1, the communication device 100_2, the communication device 100_3, and the communication device 100_4 form a ring topology.
  • all, part, or each of the communication device 100_1, the communication device 100_2, the communication device 100_3, and the communication device 100_4 may be simply referred to as the communication device 100.
  • the communication device 100 is a control device that constitutes an FA network system.
  • the communication device 100 has a first port 101 and a second port 102. As shown in FIG. 1, in the communication system 500, the first port 101 of the communication device 100 and the second port of the adjacent communication device 100 are connected. As an example, the first port of the communication device 100_1 is connected to the second port of the communication device 100_2, and the second port of the communication device 100_1 is connected to the first port of the communication device 100_4.
  • the transmission path that connects the communication apparatuses 100 may be any transmission path such as wired, wireless, or the like.
  • the communication system 500 sequentially moves transmission rights for transmitting frames among a plurality of communication devices.
  • the transmission right is a token.
  • the transmission right rotates in the order of the communication device 100_1, the communication device 100_2, the communication device 100_3, the communication device 100_4, the communication device 100_1, the communication device 100_2, the communication device 100_3,.
  • the direction in which the transmission right moves is referred to as a transmission right direction 501.
  • the input port is the second port 102 and the output port is the first port 101.
  • the reverse direction of the transmission right direction 501 is defined as an irregular communication direction 502.
  • FIG. 2 is an example of communication in the communication system 500 of FIG. 1 and is a diagram illustrating communication of a comparative example for comparison with the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example in which irregular communication is no longer possible from the communication device 100_4 as a result of performing irregular communication from the communication device 100_3.
  • the numbers of the communication device 100_1, the communication device 100_2, the communication device 100_3, and the communication device 100_4 are 1, 2, 3, and 4.
  • a frame including the transmission right 200 of the communication device 100_2 is transmitted to all the communication devices.
  • a frame including the transmission right 200 is referred to as a token frame.
  • the transmission right 200 is given an identifier for identifying each of the plurality of communication devices.
  • the number of the communication device is assigned to the transmission right 200 as an identifier.
  • the transmission right 200 to which the communication device number is assigned may be referred to as the transmission right 200 of the communication device.
  • the communication apparatus holds the transmission right 200.
  • a token frame including the transmission right 200 of the communication device 100_3 is transmitted to all the communication devices.
  • communication device 100 is a computer.
  • the communication device 100 includes a processor 910 and other hardware such as a storage device 920, a first port 101, and a second port 102.
  • the storage device 920 includes a memory 921 and an auxiliary storage device 922.
  • the communication device 100 includes a transmission right control unit 110, a transmission unit 120, a direction determination unit 130, a port control unit 140, and a storage unit 150 as functional configurations.
  • the transmission unit 120 includes a frame generation unit 121 and a frame transmission unit 122.
  • the transmission right control unit 110, the frame generation unit 121, the frame transmission unit 122, the direction determination unit 130, and the port control unit 140 in the communication device 100 are functioned as “units” of the communication device 100. That's it.
  • the function of “unit” of the communication apparatus 100 is realized by software.
  • the storage unit 150 is realized by the storage device 920.
  • the storage unit 150 includes a reception buffer 151, a relay buffer 152, a transmission direction 153, and a control target port 154.
  • the reception buffer 151 is a buffer that holds a received frame.
  • the relay buffer 152 is a buffer that holds a frame to be relayed when the received frame is not addressed to the own communication device.
  • the reception buffer 151 and the relay buffer 152 are provided for each port.
  • the processor 910 is connected to other hardware via a signal line, and controls these other hardware.
  • the processor 910 is an IC (Integrated Circuit) that performs processing.
  • the processor 910 is a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), or the like.
  • the storage device 920 includes a memory 921 and an auxiliary storage device 922.
  • the auxiliary storage device 922 is a ROM (Read Only Memory), a flash memory, or an HDD (Hard Disk Drive).
  • the memory 921 is a RAM (Random Access Memory).
  • the storage unit 150 is realized by the memory 921.
  • the storage unit 150 may be realized by the auxiliary storage device 922, or may be realized by the memory 921 and the auxiliary storage device 922. A method for realizing the storage unit 150 is arbitrary.
  • Each of the first port 101 and the second port 102 is a port that transmits and receives a frame.
  • the auxiliary storage device 922 stores a program that realizes the function of “unit”. This program is loaded into the memory 921, read into the processor 910, and executed by the processor 910.
  • the auxiliary storage device 922 also stores an OS (Operating System). At least a part of the OS is loaded into the memory 921, and the processor 910 executes a program that realizes the function of “unit” while executing the OS.
  • OS Operating System
  • the communication device 100 may include a plurality of processors that replace the processor 910.
  • the plurality of processors share the execution of a program that realizes the function of “unit”.
  • Each processor is an IC that performs processing in the same manner as the processor 910.
  • Information, data, signal values, and variable values indicating the results of processing by the function of “unit” are stored in the memory 921, the auxiliary storage device 922, or a register or cache memory in the processor 910.
  • an arrow connecting each unit and the storage unit 150 indicates that each unit stores the processing result in the storage unit 150 or that each unit reads information from the storage unit 150.
  • arrows connecting the respective parts represent the flow of control.
  • the program for realizing the function of “part” may be stored in a portable recording medium such as a magnetic disk, a flexible disk, an optical disk, a compact disk, a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disk, or a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc).
  • a portable recording medium such as a magnetic disk, a flexible disk, an optical disk, a compact disk, a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disk, or a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc).
  • the communication program 520 which is also referred to as a communication program 520, that realizes the function of “part” is a program that realizes the function described as “part”.
  • what is called a communication program product is a storage medium and storage device in which the communication program 520 is recorded, and is loaded with a computer-readable program regardless of the appearance format.
  • step S101 the direction determination unit 130 determines whether or not the data transmission direction of the communication apparatus having the transmission right and the data transmission direction of the communication apparatus not having the transmission right are determined.
  • a data transmission direction of a communication apparatus having a transmission right is a transmission right direction 501
  • a data transmission direction of a communication apparatus having no transmission right is an irregular communication direction 502.
  • the direction determination unit 130 refers to the transmission direction 153 stored in the storage unit 150 and determines whether the transmission right direction 501 and the irregular communication direction 502 are determined. For example, when an input port and an output port are set in the transmission direction 153, it is determined that the transmission right direction 501 and the irregular communication direction 502 are determined.
  • the second port 102 is set as the input port
  • the first port 101 is set as the output port. That is, the direction of the communication device 100_1, the communication device 100_2, the communication device 100_3, the communication device 100_4, the communication device 100_1,. Further, the direction of the communication device 100_1, the communication device 100_4, the communication device 100_3, the communication device 100_2, the communication device 100_1,...
  • the direction determination unit 130 proceeds to step S102. When it is determined that the direction is not determined, the direction determination unit 130 repeats the process until it is determined. Usually, it is assumed that an input port and an output port are set in advance in the transmission direction 153 of the storage unit 150.
  • the transmission right control unit 110 determines whether or not a port to be enabled or disabled is recognized after the transmission right is moved.
  • a port to be enabled or disabled after the transmission right is moved is set as a control target port.
  • the transmission right control unit 110 refers to the control target port 154 stored in the storage unit 150 and determines whether or not the control target port is recognized. For example, if the first port 101 or the second port 102 is set in the control target port 154, the transmission right control unit 110 determines that the control target port is recognized. In the present embodiment, the first port 101 is set as the control target port 154. The transmission right control unit 110 recognizes the first port 101 as a control target port.
  • the process proceeds to step S103. If the transmission right control unit 110 determines that the control target port is not recognized, the transmission right control unit 110 repeats the process until it is recognized. Normally, it is assumed that a control target port is set in advance in the control target port 154 of the storage unit 150.
  • step S103 the transmission right control unit 110 detects which communication device holds the transmission right.
  • the transmission right control unit 110 determines whether or not the transmission right has moved in the communication system 500. If it is determined that the transmission right has moved, the process proceeds to step S104. If the transmission right 200 has not moved, the process is repeated until the transmission right 200 moves.
  • step S104 the transmission right control unit 110 determines whether or not the own communication device holds the transmission right. If it is determined that the own communication apparatus holds the transmission right, the process proceeds to step S105. If it is determined that the communication apparatus does not hold the transmission right, the process proceeds to step S110.
  • the communication apparatus 100 broadcasts a token frame including the transmission right of the next communication apparatus to all other communication apparatuses.
  • the transmission right control unit 110 of each communication apparatus determines that the transmission right has moved. Also, the transmission right control unit 110 of each communication device determines that the own communication device has held the transmission right if the transmission right included in the received token frame is the transmission right of the own communication device. On the other hand, if the transmission right included in the received token frame is the transmission right of any communication device, the transmission right control unit 110 of each communication device determines that the communication device has held the transmission right.
  • the transmission right control unit 110 determines which communication device is the transmission right based on the identifier assigned to the transmission right, that is, the number of the communication device. As described above, the transmission right control unit 110 can determine which communication apparatus has the current transmission right 200. Further, the transmission right control unit 110 can also determine whether the previous transmission right 200 was in the own communication device or whether the previous transmission right 200 was in the own communication device.
  • the transmission unit 120 In the transmission processing S10 from step S105 to step S108, the transmission unit 120 generates a periodic frame 210 that includes data that is transmitted when the transmission right is held in the communication device and that is transmitted periodically.
  • the periodic frame 210 is transmitted from the first port 101 to the second port 102 of the communication device next to the communication device. That is, the transmission unit 120 transmits the regular frame 210 in the transmission right direction.
  • the regular frame 210 is also referred to as a regular communication frame.
  • the transmission unit 120 performs irregular communication in the transmission right direction when irregular communication is possible and there is data to be transmitted by irregular communication.
  • step S105 the frame generation unit 121 generates a regular frame 210 including data to be transmitted periodically.
  • the frame transmission unit 122 transmits the regular frame 210 to the next communication device via the first port 101. That is, the frame transmission unit 122 transmits the regular frame 210 in the transmission right direction 501.
  • step S106 the frame transmission unit 122 determines whether or not irregular communication is possible. Specifically, the frame transmission unit 122 can perform irregular communication if the own communication device holds the transmission right and has not been transmitted up to the maximum irregular communication amount (also referred to as irregular communication possible amount). Judge that there is. If irregular communication is possible, the frame transmission unit 122 proceeds to step S107. If irregular communication is not possible, the frame transmission unit 122 proceeds to step S109.
  • step S107 the frame transmission unit 122 determines whether there is data to be transmitted by irregular communication. That is, the frame transmission unit 122 determines whether or not irregular communication is necessary. If irregular communication is necessary, the frame transmission unit 122 proceeds to step S108. If irregular communication is not necessary, the frame transmission unit 122 proceeds to step S109.
  • step S108 the frame generation unit 121 generates an irregular frame 220 including data for irregular communication.
  • the frame transmission unit 122 transmits the irregular frame 220 to the next communication device via the first port 101. That is, the frame transmission unit 122 transmits the irregular frame 220 in the transmission right direction 501.
  • step S109 the transmission right control unit 110 generates a token frame including the transmission right of the next communication device and broadcasts it to all other communication devices. Thereafter, the process returns to step S103.
  • step S110 the transmission right control unit 110 determines whether or not the transmission right is held in the next communication device. That is, the transmission right control unit 110 determines whether the own communication apparatus has held the transmission right last time. If the transmission right is held in the next communication device, the process proceeds to step S111. Otherwise, the process proceeds to step S114.
  • step S111 the port control unit 140 performs a port control process S20 that invalidates the first port 101 when the transmission right is held in the next communication device. Disabling a port means preventing input / output from that port. Disabling a port is also called blocking a port.
  • step S112 to step S113 when the first port 101 is invalidated by the port control unit 140, the transmission unit 120 is data that is transmitted when the transmission right is not held in the own communication device. It is determined whether there is data to be transmitted periodically. When there is data to be transmitted irregularly, the transmission unit 120 generates an irregular frame 220 including the data transmitted irregularly. The transmission unit 120 transmits the irregular frame 220 from the second port 102 to the first port 101 of the communication device in front of the own communication device. That is, the transmission unit 120 transmits the irregular frame 220 in the irregular communication direction opposite to the transmission right direction.
  • step S112 the frame transmission unit 122 determines whether there is data to be transmitted by irregular communication. That is, the frame transmission unit 122 determines whether or not irregular communication is necessary. If irregular communication is necessary, the frame transmission unit 122 proceeds to step S113. If irregular communication is not necessary, the process returns to step S103.
  • step S113 the frame generation unit 121 generates an irregular frame 220 including data for irregular communication. The frame transmission unit 122 transmits the irregular frame 220 to the previous communication device via the second port 102. That is, the frame transmission unit 122 transmits the irregular frame 220 in the irregular communication direction 502.
  • step S114 the transmission right control unit 110 determines whether or not the transmission right is held in the next communication device. That is, the transmission right control unit 110 determines whether the own communication device has held the transmission right two times before. If the transmission right is held in the next communication device, the process proceeds to step S115. Otherwise, the process proceeds to step S116.
  • step S115 the port control unit 140 performs processing for enabling the first port 101 when the transmission right is held in the next communication device. Enabling a port means enabling input / output from that port. Enabling a port is also referred to as releasing port blocking.
  • the communication device receives the irregular frame 220 transmitted from the second port 102 of the next communication device through the first port 101.
  • step S116 the transmission unit 120 determines whether there is data destined for the communication device that holds the transmission right and is transmitted irregularly. If there is data addressed to the communication device holding the transmission right, the transmission unit 120 proceeds to step S117. If there is no data addressed to the communication device holding the transmission right, the transmission unit 120 returns the process to step S103.
  • step S117 the frame generation unit 121 generates an irregular frame 220 including data addressed to the communication device holding the transmission right and transmitted irregularly.
  • the frame transmission unit 122 transmits the irregular frame 220 to the previous communication device via the second port 102. That is, the frame transmission unit 122 transmits the irregular frame 220 in the irregular communication direction 502 opposite to the transmission right direction 501.
  • step S116 and step S117 the processing in the case where the communication device holding the transmission right is not the own communication device, the next communication device, or the next next communication device, that is, NO in step S103, and Processing in the case of NO in step S110 and NO in step S114 is included.
  • the irregular frame 220 is transmitted in the irregular communication direction 502 opposite to the transmission right direction 501.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing communication using the communication process S10 of the communication system 500 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the phase (1) in FIG.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the phase (2) in FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the phase (3) in FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating the phase (4) in FIG. 7.
  • the communication using the communication process S100 of the communication system 500 according to the present embodiment will be specifically described with reference to FIGS.
  • the communication device 100_4 wants to perform a large amount of irregular communication with the communication device 100_3.
  • each communication device 100 transmits the transmission right direction 501 that is the data transmission direction of the communication device having the transmission right 200 and the irregular transmission time that is the data transmission direction of the communication device that does not have the transmission right 200.
  • a communication direction 502 is determined. Further, each communication device 100 determines a control target port to be enabled or disabled after the transmission right is transferred.
  • the irregular communication possible amount n indicates the maximum amount that can be irregularly transmitted in one cycle as described above. Here, as an example, the maximum amount that can be transmitted irregularly in one cycle is described as one frame.
  • step S11 of FIG. 7 the communication device 100_2 holding the transmission right 200 transmits the regular frame 210 in the transmission right direction 501. The communication device 100_2 broadcasts the regular frame 210.
  • the communication device 100_4 broadcasts a token frame including the transmission right of the communication device 100_1.
  • the state of the port of each communication device at the start of the phase (2) in FIG. 7 is that the first port 101 of the communication device 100_3 holding the previous transmission right 200 is invalid. Yes.
  • the communication device 100_4 disables the first port 101, and the communication device 100_3 enables the first port 101.
  • the communication device 100_2 and the communication device 100_3 can perform irregular communication in the irregular communication direction 502 with respect to the communication device 100_1 holding the transmission right 200. Become.
  • the communication device 100_4 can perform irregular communication in the irregular communication direction 502 with respect to all the communication devices 100. Further, the communication device 100_1 can perform regular communication and irregular communication in the transmission right direction 501 as usual. Thereafter, the communication system 500 repeats the communication cycle while circulating the transmission right 200 to the four communication devices 100.
  • two ports are provided as the ports for transmitting and receiving frames.
  • two or more ports may be provided.
  • the following input interface, output interface, and communication device may be provided.
  • the first port 101 and the second port 102 may be provided as part of the input interface, the output interface, and the communication device.
  • the input interface is a port connected to an input device such as a mouse, a keyboard, or a touch panel.
  • the input interface is a USB terminal.
  • the input interface may be a port connected to a LAN (Local Area Network).
  • the output interface is a port to which a cable of a display device such as a display device is connected.
  • the output interface 940 is a USB terminal or a HDMI (registered trademark) (High Definition Multimedia Interface) terminal.
  • the display device is an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display).
  • the output interface may be connected to an output device such as a printer device.
  • the communication device includes a receiver and a transmitter.
  • the communication device is a communication chip or a NIC (Network Interface Card).
  • the communication device functions as a communication unit that communicates data.
  • the receiver is a receiving device that receives data
  • the transmitter is a transmitting device that transmits data.
  • the function of “unit” of communication device 100 is realized by software. However, as a modification, the function of “unit” of communication device 100 may be realized by hardware.
  • the configuration of communication apparatus 100 according to a modification of the present embodiment will be described using FIG. As illustrated in FIG. 12, the communication device 100 includes hardware such as a first port 101 and a second port 102.
  • the processing circuit 909 is a dedicated electronic circuit that realizes the function of the “unit” and the storage unit 150 described above. Specifically, the processing circuit 909 includes a single circuit, a composite circuit, a programmed processor, a processor programmed in parallel, a logic IC, a GA (Gate Array), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or FPGA (Field-Programmable / Gate / Array).
  • the communication apparatus 100 may include a plurality of processing circuits that replace the processing circuit 909. As a whole, the function of “unit” is realized by the plurality of processing circuits.
  • Each processing circuit is a dedicated electronic circuit, like the processing circuit 909.
  • the function of the communication device 100 may be realized by a combination of software and hardware. That is, some functions of the communication device may be realized by dedicated hardware, and the remaining functions may be realized by software.
  • the processor 910, the storage device 920, and the processing circuit 909 are collectively referred to as a “processing circuit”. That is, regardless of the configuration of the communication device shown in FIGS. 3 and 12, the function of “unit” and the storage unit 150 are realized by a processing circuit.
  • Part may be read as “Process”, “Procedure” or “Process”. Further, the function of “unit” may be realized by firmware.
  • the control target port to be blocked is determined based on the transfer of the transmission right.
  • a transmission right direction that is a transmission direction of data (periodic communication, irregular communication) of a communication device having a transmission right and an irregular communication direction of a communication device that does not have the transmission right are determined. Therefore, a communication device having a prokking port can perform irregular communication in an irregular communication direction with respect to all communication devices on the communication system path. Therefore, it is possible to improve the transmission efficiency of regular communication and irregular communication in the communication system.
  • a communication device having a blocking port is a terminal communication device because the communication system has a ring topology. Therefore, the partner communication device always exists on the route, and data can be transmitted reliably. Therefore, this method can be realized even if each control device does not know the position of another control device.
  • the first embodiment of the present invention has been described. However, only one of those described as “parts” in the description of this embodiment may be adopted, or some arbitrary combinations may be adopted. It may be adopted. That is, the functional block of the communication device is arbitrary as long as the functions described in the above embodiments can be realized.
  • the communication apparatus may be configured with any combination of these functional blocks or with an arbitrary block configuration. Further, the communication device may be composed of a plurality of devices instead of a single device.
  • Embodiment 1 was demonstrated, you may implement combining several parts among this Embodiment. Alternatively, one part of this embodiment may be implemented. In addition, this embodiment may be implemented in any combination as a whole or in part. In addition, said embodiment is an essentially preferable illustration, Comprising: It does not intend restrict
  • 100, 100_1, 100_2, 100_3, 100_4 communication device 101 first port, 102 second port, 110 transmission right control unit, 120 transmission unit, 121 frame generation unit, 122 frame transmission unit, 130 direction determination unit, 140 Port control unit, 150 storage unit, 151 reception buffer, 152 relay buffer, 153 transmission direction, 154 controlled port, 200 transmission right, 210 periodic frame, 220 irregular frame, 500 communication system, 501 transmission right direction, 502 irregular Communication direction, 510 communication method, 520 communication program, 909 processing circuit, 910 processor, 920 storage device, 921 memory, 922 auxiliary storage device, S100 communication processing, S10 transmission processing, S20 port control processing

Abstract

This communication apparatus (100) is included in a communication system in which a plurality of communication apparatuses each having a first port (101) and a second port (102) are connected in a ring shape, and in which a transmission right for transmitting a frame is transferred in an order among the plurality of communication apparatuses. The communication apparatus (100) is provided with a transmission unit (120) for generating a periodic frame including data that is periodically transmitted when the transmission right is held in said communication apparatus, and for transmitting the periodic frame from the first port (101) to the second port (102) of a communication apparatus next in the order to said communication apparatus. Moreover, the communication apparatus (100) is provided with a port control unit (140) that invalidates the first port (101) when the transmission right is held by the transmission apparatus next in order.

Description

通信装置、通信方法及び通信プログラムCOMMUNICATION DEVICE, COMMUNICATION METHOD, AND COMMUNICATION PROGRAM
 本発明は、通信装置、通信方法及び通信プログラムに関する。 The present invention relates to a communication device, a communication method, and a communication program.
 FA(Factory Automation)ネットワークシステム分野では、全二重通信に対応した複数の制御機器がネットワークに接続され、通信が行われる。この通信には、通信周期ごとに定期的に行われる定期通信と、要求があった際にその都度行われる不定期通信とがある。また、制御機器が他の制御機器の位置を認識していない場合は、リング構成時に両ポートからデータを送信している。さらに、リング構成の場合は、ブロードキャストストームが起きないよう1台の制御機器はブロッキングポート、すなわちパケットを中継しないようブロックするポートを持つ。
 上記のような構成で複数の制御機器間の伝送を制御する方法として、トークンパッシング方式がある。トークンパッシング方式では、ネットワークを介してトークンが各制御装置に順番に渡されていき、トークンを取り込んだ制御装置のみがデータの送信権を持つことで、データの衝突を避けた伝送制御を行っている。
In the FA (Factory Automation) network system field, a plurality of control devices that support full-duplex communication are connected to a network for communication. This communication includes regular communication that is periodically performed every communication cycle and irregular communication that is performed each time a request is made. If the control device does not recognize the position of another control device, data is transmitted from both ports during the ring configuration. Further, in the case of a ring configuration, one control device has a blocking port, that is, a port that blocks a packet from being relayed so that a broadcast storm does not occur.
As a method of controlling transmission between a plurality of control devices with the above configuration, there is a token passing method. In the token passing method, tokens are handed over to each control device in order via the network, and only the control device that fetches the token has the right to transmit data, thereby performing transmission control that avoids data collisions. Yes.
 トークンパッシング方式を用いたFAネットワークシステムでは、非特許文献1のCC-Link IE Filedのような方法がある。CC-Link IE Filedでは、定期通信の定時性を確保しつつ、不定期通信との混在を実現するために、送信可能な不定期通信の量を制限している。不定期通信の量を制限する制限方法の1つとして、トークンが各制御機器を1周する間の送信可能な最大不定期通信量が決められている方式、すなわちリンクスキャン単位制限方式がある。 In the FA network system using the token passing method, there is a method such as CC-Link IE Filled in Non-Patent Document 1. In CC-Link IE Fielded, the amount of irregular communication that can be transmitted is limited in order to ensure the regularity of regular communication and to mix with irregular communication. As one of the limiting methods for limiting the amount of irregular communication, there is a method in which the maximum irregular communication amount that can be transmitted while a token makes a round of each control device is determined, that is, a link scan unit restriction method.
 リング型のトポロジーにおいて、トークンパッシング方式のように、送信権を保持した1つの制御機器のみが定期通信及び不定期通信を行う通信方式がある。このような通信方式では、いずれかの制御機器で大量の不定期通信が発生した場合、又は、1周期分の不定期通信量がすでに送信された場合、不定期通信を完了させるまでに時間がかかる。よって、制御装置の定期通信及び不定期通信の伝送効率が低くなるという課題がある。 In a ring topology, there is a communication method in which only one control device that holds a transmission right performs regular communication and irregular communication, such as a token passing method. In such a communication method, when a large amount of irregular communication occurs in any of the control devices, or when the irregular communication amount for one cycle has already been transmitted, it takes time to complete the irregular communication. Take it. Therefore, there is a problem that the transmission efficiency of regular communication and irregular communication of the control device is lowered.
 本発明は、リング型のトポロジーの際に送信権を持つ制御機器以外からも不定期通信を行うことができるようにすることで、定期通信及び不定期通信の伝送効率を向上させることを目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to improve the transmission efficiency of regular communication and irregular communication by enabling irregular communication to be performed from other than a control device having a transmission right in a ring topology. To do.
 本発明に係る通信装置は、各々が第1のポートと第2のポートとを有する複数の通信装置がリング型に接続された通信システムであって、前記複数の通信装置の間で、フレームを送信する送信権を順に移動させる通信システムに含まれる通信装置において、
 前記送信権が自通信装置に保持された場合に送信されるデータであって定期的に送信されるデータを含む定期フレームを生成し、前記定期フレームを前記第1のポートから、自通信装置の次の通信装置の第2のポートに送信する送信部と、
 前記送信権が前記次の通信装置に保持された場合に、前記第1のポートを無効にするポート制御部とを備えた。
A communication device according to the present invention is a communication system in which a plurality of communication devices each having a first port and a second port are connected in a ring shape, and a frame is transmitted between the plurality of communication devices. In a communication device included in a communication system that sequentially moves transmission rights to be transmitted,
A periodic frame including data that is transmitted when the transmission right is held in the own communication apparatus and is periodically transmitted is generated, and the periodic frame is transmitted from the first port to the own communication apparatus. A transmitter for transmitting to the second port of the next communication device;
And a port control unit that disables the first port when the transmission right is held in the next communication device.
 本発明に係る通信装置は、送信権が自通信装置に保持された場合に、定期フレームを第1のポートから次の通信装置の第2のポートに送信する送信部と、送信権が次の通信装置に保持された場合に、第1のポートを無効にするポート制御部とを備えた。よって、送信権を持つ通信装置以外からも不定期通信を行うことができ、定期通信及び不定期通信の伝送効率を向上させることができる。 The communication apparatus according to the present invention includes a transmission unit that transmits a periodic frame from the first port to the second port of the next communication apparatus when the transmission right is held in the own communication apparatus; And a port control unit that disables the first port when held in the communication device. Therefore, irregular communication can be performed from a communication apparatus other than the transmission right, and the transmission efficiency of regular communication and irregular communication can be improved.
実施の形態1に係る通信システム500の構成図。1 is a configuration diagram of a communication system 500 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 図1の通信システム500における通信の一例であり、本実施の形態と比較するための比較例の通信を示す図。It is an example of communication in the communication system 500 of FIG. 1, and is a diagram showing communication of a comparative example for comparison with the present embodiment. 実施の形態1に係る通信装置100の構成図。1 is a configuration diagram of a communication device 100 according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 実施の形態1に係る通信装置100の通信方法510及び通信プログラム520の通信処理S100のフロー図。FIG. 4 is a flowchart of communication method 510 of communication device 100 and communication processing S100 of communication program 520 according to the first embodiment. 実施の形態1に係る通信装置100の通信方法510及び通信プログラム520の通信処理S100のフロー図。FIG. 4 is a flowchart of communication method 510 of communication device 100 and communication processing S100 of communication program 520 according to the first embodiment. 実施の形態1に係る通信装置100の通信方法510及び通信プログラム520の通信処理S100のフロー図。FIG. 4 is a flowchart of communication method 510 of communication device 100 and communication processing S100 of communication program 520 according to the first embodiment. 実施の形態1に係る通信システム500の通信処理S10を用いた通信を示す図。The figure which shows the communication using communication process S10 of the communication system 500 which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. 図7の(1)のフェーズを表した模式図。The schematic diagram showing the phase of (1) of FIG. 図7の(2)のフェーズを表した模式図。The schematic diagram showing the phase of (2) of FIG. 図7の(3)のフェーズを表した模式図。The schematic diagram showing the phase of (3) of FIG. 図7の(4)のフェーズを表した模式図。The schematic diagram showing the phase of (4) of FIG. 実施の形態1の変形例に係る通信装置100の構成図。FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a communication device 100 according to a modification of the first embodiment.
 以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図を用いて説明する。なお、各図中、同一または相当する部分には、同一符号を付している。実施の形態の説明において、同一または相当する部分については、説明を適宜省略または簡略化する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part which is the same or it corresponds in each figure. In the description of the embodiments, the description of the same or corresponding parts will be omitted or simplified as appropriate.
 実施の形態1.
***構成の説明***
 図1は、本実施の形態に係る通信システム500を示す図である。
 通信システム500は、複数の通信装置がリング型に接続されたリング型のトポロジーを構成している。本実施の形態では、複数の通信装置として、通信装置100_1、通信装置100_2、通信装置100_3、通信装置100_4がリング型のトポロジーを構成している。なお、通信装置100_1、通信装置100_2、通信装置100_3、通信装置100_4の全て或いは一部或いは各々を単に通信装置100と称する場合もある。
 通信装置100は、具体的には、FAネットワークシステムを構成する制御機器である。通信装置100は、第1のポート101と第2のポート102とを有する。図1に示すように、通信システム500は、通信装置100の第1のポート101と隣り合う通信装置100の第2のポートとが接続される。一例として、通信装置100_1の第1のポートは通信装置100_2の第2のポートと接続され、通信装置100_1の第2のポートは通信装置100_4の第1のポートと接続される。通信装置100同士を接続する伝送路は、有線、無線、その他のどのような伝送路でも構わない。
Embodiment 1 FIG.
*** Explanation of configuration ***
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a communication system 500 according to the present embodiment.
The communication system 500 constitutes a ring topology in which a plurality of communication devices are connected in a ring shape. In this embodiment, as a plurality of communication devices, the communication device 100_1, the communication device 100_2, the communication device 100_3, and the communication device 100_4 form a ring topology. Note that all, part, or each of the communication device 100_1, the communication device 100_2, the communication device 100_3, and the communication device 100_4 may be simply referred to as the communication device 100.
Specifically, the communication device 100 is a control device that constitutes an FA network system. The communication device 100 has a first port 101 and a second port 102. As shown in FIG. 1, in the communication system 500, the first port 101 of the communication device 100 and the second port of the adjacent communication device 100 are connected. As an example, the first port of the communication device 100_1 is connected to the second port of the communication device 100_2, and the second port of the communication device 100_1 is connected to the first port of the communication device 100_4. The transmission path that connects the communication apparatuses 100 may be any transmission path such as wired, wireless, or the like.
 通信システム500は、複数の通信装置の間で、フレームを送信する送信権を順に移動させる。送信権は、具体的には、トークンである。本実施の形態において、送信権は、通信装置100_1、通信装置100_2、通信装置100_3、通信装置100_4、通信装置100_1、通信装置100_2、通信装置100_3、・・・の順番で回るものとする。このように、送信権が移動する方向を送信権方向501とする。送信権方向501では、入力ポートが第2のポート102であり、出力ポートが第1のポート101である。また、送信権方向501の逆方向を不定期通信方向502とする。 The communication system 500 sequentially moves transmission rights for transmitting frames among a plurality of communication devices. Specifically, the transmission right is a token. In this embodiment, it is assumed that the transmission right rotates in the order of the communication device 100_1, the communication device 100_2, the communication device 100_3, the communication device 100_4, the communication device 100_1, the communication device 100_2, the communication device 100_3,. In this way, the direction in which the transmission right moves is referred to as a transmission right direction 501. In the transmission right direction 501, the input port is the second port 102 and the output port is the first port 101. Further, the reverse direction of the transmission right direction 501 is defined as an irregular communication direction 502.
 図2は、図1の通信システム500における通信の一例であり、本実施の形態と比較するための比較例の通信を示す図である。
 図2では、通信装置100_3から不定期通信を行った結果、通信装置100_4から不定期通信をすることができなくなった例を示している。なお、通信装置100_1、通信装置100_2、通信装置100_3、及び通信装置100_4の各々の番号は、1番、2番、3番、及び4番とする。
(a)送信権200を保持している通信装置100_1が定期通信を行った後、通信装置全てに、通信装置100_2の送信権200を含むフレームが送信される。以下において、送信権200を含むフレームをトークンフレームとする。また、送信権200には、複数の通信装置の各々を識別する識別子が付与されているものとする。本実施の形態では、識別子として送信権200に通信装置の番号が付与されているものとする。通信装置の番号が付与された送信権200を、その通信装置の送信権200と称する場合がある。自通信装置の番号が付与された送信権200を受信した場合には、その通信装置が送信権200を保持したことになる。
(b)送信権200を保持している通信装置100_2が定期通信を行った後、通信装置全てに、通信装置100_3の送信権200を含むトークンフレームが送信される。
(c)送信権200を保持している通信装置100_3が定期通信を行った後、通信装置100_1への不定期通信を行い、その後、通信装置全てに、通信装置100_4の送信権200を含むトークンフレームが送信される。この際、1周期分の不定期通信量のすべてを送信したこととする。
(d)送信権200を保持している通信装置100_4は定期通信を行った後、不定期通信を行いたいが、すでに1周期分の不定期通信量のすべては送信されているため、不定期通信を行うことができない。
 このように、図2の比較例の通信では、通信装置100からの不定期通信を行うことが出来なくなる事態が生じる虞がある。
FIG. 2 is an example of communication in the communication system 500 of FIG. 1 and is a diagram illustrating communication of a comparative example for comparison with the present embodiment.
FIG. 2 shows an example in which irregular communication is no longer possible from the communication device 100_4 as a result of performing irregular communication from the communication device 100_3. Note that the numbers of the communication device 100_1, the communication device 100_2, the communication device 100_3, and the communication device 100_4 are 1, 2, 3, and 4.
(A) After the communication device 100_1 holding the transmission right 200 performs regular communication, a frame including the transmission right 200 of the communication device 100_2 is transmitted to all the communication devices. Hereinafter, a frame including the transmission right 200 is referred to as a token frame. Further, it is assumed that the transmission right 200 is given an identifier for identifying each of the plurality of communication devices. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the number of the communication device is assigned to the transmission right 200 as an identifier. The transmission right 200 to which the communication device number is assigned may be referred to as the transmission right 200 of the communication device. When the transmission right 200 to which the communication apparatus number is assigned is received, the communication apparatus holds the transmission right 200.
(B) After the communication device 100_2 holding the transmission right 200 performs regular communication, a token frame including the transmission right 200 of the communication device 100_3 is transmitted to all the communication devices.
(C) After the communication device 100_3 holding the transmission right 200 performs regular communication, the communication device 100_1 performs irregular communication, and then the communication device 100_4 includes the transmission right 200 of the communication device 100_4. A frame is transmitted. At this time, it is assumed that all of the irregular traffic for one cycle is transmitted.
(D) The communication device 100_4 holding the transmission right 200 wants to perform irregular communication after performing regular communication, but since all of the irregular communication amount for one cycle has already been transmitted, Communication is not possible.
As described above, in the communication of the comparative example of FIG. 2, there is a possibility that a situation where the irregular communication from the communication device 100 cannot be performed may occur.
 図3を用いて、本実施の形態に係る通信装置100の構成について説明する。
 本実施の形態において、通信装置100は、コンピュータである。通信装置100は、プロセッサ910を備えると共に、記憶装置920、第1のポート101、第2のポート102といった他のハードウェアを備える。記憶装置920は、メモリ921と補助記憶装置922とを有する。
The configuration of communication apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment will be described using FIG.
In the present embodiment, communication device 100 is a computer. The communication device 100 includes a processor 910 and other hardware such as a storage device 920, a first port 101, and a second port 102. The storage device 920 includes a memory 921 and an auxiliary storage device 922.
 通信装置100は、機能構成として、送信権制御部110と、送信部120と、方向決定部130と、ポート制御部140と、記憶部150とを備える。送信部120は、フレーム生成部121と、フレーム送信部122とを備える。
 以下の説明では、通信装置100における送信権制御部110と、フレーム生成部121と、フレーム送信部122と、方向決定部130と、ポート制御部140とを、通信装置100の「部」の機能という。
 通信装置100の「部」の機能は、ソフトウェアで実現される。
 また、記憶部150は、記憶装置920で実現される。記憶部150は、受信バッファ151と、中継バッファ152と、送信方向153と、制御対象ポート154とを有する。受信バッファ151は、受信したフレームを保持するバッファである。中継バッファ152は、受信したフレームが自通信装置宛てでない場合に、中継するフレームを保持するバッファである。受信バッファ151と中継バッファ152とはポート毎に設けられる。
The communication device 100 includes a transmission right control unit 110, a transmission unit 120, a direction determination unit 130, a port control unit 140, and a storage unit 150 as functional configurations. The transmission unit 120 includes a frame generation unit 121 and a frame transmission unit 122.
In the following description, the transmission right control unit 110, the frame generation unit 121, the frame transmission unit 122, the direction determination unit 130, and the port control unit 140 in the communication device 100 are functioned as “units” of the communication device 100. That's it.
The function of “unit” of the communication apparatus 100 is realized by software.
The storage unit 150 is realized by the storage device 920. The storage unit 150 includes a reception buffer 151, a relay buffer 152, a transmission direction 153, and a control target port 154. The reception buffer 151 is a buffer that holds a received frame. The relay buffer 152 is a buffer that holds a frame to be relayed when the received frame is not addressed to the own communication device. The reception buffer 151 and the relay buffer 152 are provided for each port.
 プロセッサ910は、信号線を介して他のハードウェアと接続され、これら他のハードウェアを制御する。
 プロセッサ910は、プロセッシングを行うIC(Integrated Circuit)である。プロセッサ910は、具体的には、CPU(Central Processing Unit)、GPU(Graphics Processing Unit)等である。
The processor 910 is connected to other hardware via a signal line, and controls these other hardware.
The processor 910 is an IC (Integrated Circuit) that performs processing. Specifically, the processor 910 is a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), or the like.
 記憶装置920は、メモリ921及び補助記憶装置922を含む。補助記憶装置922は、具体的には、ROM(Read Only Memory)、フラッシュメモリ、又は、HDD(Hard Disk Drive)である。メモリ921は、具体的には、RAM(Random Access Memory)である。本実施の形態では、記憶部150は、メモリ921により実現される。なお、記憶部150は、補助記憶装置922により実現されてもよいし、メモリ921と補助記憶装置922とにより実現されていてもよい。記憶部150の実現方法は任意である。 The storage device 920 includes a memory 921 and an auxiliary storage device 922. Specifically, the auxiliary storage device 922 is a ROM (Read Only Memory), a flash memory, or an HDD (Hard Disk Drive). Specifically, the memory 921 is a RAM (Random Access Memory). In the present embodiment, the storage unit 150 is realized by the memory 921. The storage unit 150 may be realized by the auxiliary storage device 922, or may be realized by the memory 921 and the auxiliary storage device 922. A method for realizing the storage unit 150 is arbitrary.
 第1のポート101及び第2のポート102の各々は、フレームの送受信を行うポートである。 Each of the first port 101 and the second port 102 is a port that transmits and receives a frame.
 補助記憶装置922には、「部」の機能を実現するプログラムが記憶されている。このプログラムは、メモリ921にロードされ、プロセッサ910に読み込まれ、プロセッサ910によって実行される。補助記憶装置922には、OS(Operating System)も記憶されている。OSの少なくとも一部がメモリ921にロードされ、プロセッサ910はOSを実行しながら、「部」の機能を実現するプログラムを実行する。 The auxiliary storage device 922 stores a program that realizes the function of “unit”. This program is loaded into the memory 921, read into the processor 910, and executed by the processor 910. The auxiliary storage device 922 also stores an OS (Operating System). At least a part of the OS is loaded into the memory 921, and the processor 910 executes a program that realizes the function of “unit” while executing the OS.
 通信装置100は、プロセッサ910を代替する複数のプロセッサを備えていてもよい。これら複数のプロセッサは、「部」の機能を実現するプログラムの実行を分担する。それぞれのプロセッサは、プロセッサ910と同じように、プロセッシングを行うICである。 The communication device 100 may include a plurality of processors that replace the processor 910. The plurality of processors share the execution of a program that realizes the function of “unit”. Each processor is an IC that performs processing in the same manner as the processor 910.
 「部」の機能による処理の結果を示す情報、データ、信号値、及び、変数値は、メモリ921、補助記憶装置922、又は、プロセッサ910内のレジスタ又はキャッシュメモリに記憶される。なお、図3において、各部と記憶部150とを結ぶ矢印は、各部が処理の結果を記憶部150に記憶すること、或いは、各部が記憶部150から情報を読み出すことを表している。また、各部を結ぶ矢印は、制御の流れを表している。 Information, data, signal values, and variable values indicating the results of processing by the function of “unit” are stored in the memory 921, the auxiliary storage device 922, or a register or cache memory in the processor 910. In FIG. 3, an arrow connecting each unit and the storage unit 150 indicates that each unit stores the processing result in the storage unit 150 or that each unit reads information from the storage unit 150. In addition, arrows connecting the respective parts represent the flow of control.
 「部」の機能を実現するプログラムは、磁気ディスク、フレキシブルディスク、光ディスク、コンパクトディスク、ブルーレイ(登録商標)ディスク、DVD(Digital Versatile Disc)といった可搬記録媒体に記憶されてもよい。
 なお、「部」の機能を実現するプログラムを通信プログラム520ともいう通信プログラム520は、「部」として説明している機能を実現するプログラムである。また、通信プログラムプロダクトと称されるものは、通信プログラム520が記録された記憶媒体及び記憶装置であり、見た目の形式に関わらず、コンピュータ読み取り可能なプログラムをロードしているものである。
The program for realizing the function of “part” may be stored in a portable recording medium such as a magnetic disk, a flexible disk, an optical disk, a compact disk, a Blu-ray (registered trademark) disk, or a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc).
Note that the communication program 520, which is also referred to as a communication program 520, that realizes the function of “part” is a program that realizes the function described as “part”. Also, what is called a communication program product is a storage medium and storage device in which the communication program 520 is recorded, and is loaded with a computer-readable program regardless of the appearance format.
***動作の説明***
 図4から図6を用いて、本実施の形態に係る通信装置100の通信方法510及び通信プログラム520の通信処理S100について説明する。
*** Explanation of operation ***
The communication method 510 of the communication apparatus 100 and the communication process S100 of the communication program 520 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
 ステップS101において、方向決定部130は、送信権を持つ通信装置のデータ送信方向と、送信権を持たない通信装置のデータ送信方向とが決定されているか否かを判定する。送信権を持つ通信装置のデータ送信方向を送信権方向501とし、送信権を持たない通信装置のデータ送信方向を不定期通信方向502とする。具体的には、方向決定部130は、記憶部150に記憶されている送信方向153を参照し、送信権方向501と不定期通信方向502とが決定されているかを判定する。例えば、送信方向153に、入力ポートと出力ポートとが設定されている場合に、送信権方向501と不定期通信方向502とが決定されていると判定する。本実施の形態では、入力ポートに第2のポート102が設定され、出力ポートに第1のポート101が設定されている。すなわち、通信装置100_1、通信装置100_2、通信装置100_3、通信装置100_4、通信装置100_1、・・・の方向が送信権方向501である。また、通信装置100_1、通信装置100_4、通信装置100_3、通信装置100_2、通信装置100_1、・・・の方向が不定期通信方向502である。
 方向決定部130は、送信権方向と不定期通信方向とが決定されていると判定した場合にステップS102に進み、決定されていないと判定した場合には、決定されるまで処理を繰り返す。通常は、予め記憶部150の送信方向153に入力ポートと出力ポートとが設定されているものとする。
In step S101, the direction determination unit 130 determines whether or not the data transmission direction of the communication apparatus having the transmission right and the data transmission direction of the communication apparatus not having the transmission right are determined. A data transmission direction of a communication apparatus having a transmission right is a transmission right direction 501, and a data transmission direction of a communication apparatus having no transmission right is an irregular communication direction 502. Specifically, the direction determination unit 130 refers to the transmission direction 153 stored in the storage unit 150 and determines whether the transmission right direction 501 and the irregular communication direction 502 are determined. For example, when an input port and an output port are set in the transmission direction 153, it is determined that the transmission right direction 501 and the irregular communication direction 502 are determined. In the present embodiment, the second port 102 is set as the input port, and the first port 101 is set as the output port. That is, the direction of the communication device 100_1, the communication device 100_2, the communication device 100_3, the communication device 100_4, the communication device 100_1,. Further, the direction of the communication device 100_1, the communication device 100_4, the communication device 100_3, the communication device 100_2, the communication device 100_1,...
When it is determined that the transmission right direction and the irregular communication direction are determined, the direction determination unit 130 proceeds to step S102. When it is determined that the direction is not determined, the direction determination unit 130 repeats the process until it is determined. Usually, it is assumed that an input port and an output port are set in advance in the transmission direction 153 of the storage unit 150.
 ステップS102において、送信権制御部110は、送信権が移動した後に有効或いは無効にするポートを認識しているか否かを判定する。送信権が移動した後に有効或いは無効にするポートを制御対象ポートとする。具体的には、送信権制御部110は、記憶部150に記憶されている制御対象ポート154を参照し、制御対象ポートを認識しているか否かを判定する。例えば、制御対象ポート154に、第1のポート101或いは第2のポート102が設定されていれば、送信権制御部110は、制御対象ポートを認識していると判定する。本実施の形態では、制御対象ポート154に第1のポート101が設定されている。送信権制御部110は、第1のポート101を制御対象ポートとして認識する。
 送信権制御部110は、制御対象ポートを認識していると判定した場合にステップS103に進み、認識していないと判定した場合には、認識するまで処理を繰り返す。通常は、予め記憶部150の制御対象ポート154に制御対象ポートが設定されているものとする。
In step S102, the transmission right control unit 110 determines whether or not a port to be enabled or disabled is recognized after the transmission right is moved. A port to be enabled or disabled after the transmission right is moved is set as a control target port. Specifically, the transmission right control unit 110 refers to the control target port 154 stored in the storage unit 150 and determines whether or not the control target port is recognized. For example, if the first port 101 or the second port 102 is set in the control target port 154, the transmission right control unit 110 determines that the control target port is recognized. In the present embodiment, the first port 101 is set as the control target port 154. The transmission right control unit 110 recognizes the first port 101 as a control target port.
If the transmission right control unit 110 determines that the control target port is recognized, the process proceeds to step S103. If the transmission right control unit 110 determines that the control target port is not recognized, the transmission right control unit 110 repeats the process until it is recognized. Normally, it is assumed that a control target port is set in advance in the control target port 154 of the storage unit 150.
 ステップS103において、送信権制御部110は、送信権が複数の通信装置のいずれの通信装置に保持されているかを検出する。まず、送信権制御部110は、通信システム500において、送信権が移動したか否かを判定する。
 送信権が移動したと判定するとステップS104に進む。送信権200が移動していなければ、送信権200が移動するまで処理を繰り返す。
 ステップS104において、送信権制御部110は、自通信装置が送信権を保持しているか否かを判定する。自通信装置が送信権を保持していると判定するとステップS105に進む。自通信装置が送信権を保持していないと判定するとステップS110に進む。
In step S103, the transmission right control unit 110 detects which communication device holds the transmission right. First, the transmission right control unit 110 determines whether or not the transmission right has moved in the communication system 500.
If it is determined that the transmission right has moved, the process proceeds to step S104. If the transmission right 200 has not moved, the process is repeated until the transmission right 200 moves.
In step S104, the transmission right control unit 110 determines whether or not the own communication device holds the transmission right. If it is determined that the own communication apparatus holds the transmission right, the process proceeds to step S105. If it is determined that the communication apparatus does not hold the transmission right, the process proceeds to step S110.
 通信装置100は、送信権を次の通信装置に送信する場合、次の通信装置の送信権を含むトークンフレームを、他の通信装置全てにブロードキャストする。各通信装置の送信権制御部110は、ブロードキャストされたトークンフレームを受信すると、送信権が移動したと判定する。また、各通信装置の送信権制御部110は、受信したトークンフレームに含まれる送信権が自通信装置の送信権であれば、自通信装置が送信権を保持したと判定する。一方、各通信装置の送信権制御部110は、受信したトークンフレームに含まれる送信権がいずれかの通信装置の送信権であれば、その通信装置が送信権を保持したと判定する。上述したように、送信権制御部110は、送信権に付与された識別子、すなわち通信装置の番号に基づいて、送信権がどの通信装置の送信権であるかを判定する。
 以上のように、送信権制御部110は、現在の送信権200がどの通信装置にあるのか判定することができる。また、送信権制御部110は、前回の送信権200は自通信装置にあったのか、前々回の送信権200は自通信装置にあったのかといった判定もすることができる。
When transmitting the transmission right to the next communication apparatus, the communication apparatus 100 broadcasts a token frame including the transmission right of the next communication apparatus to all other communication apparatuses. When receiving the broadcast token frame, the transmission right control unit 110 of each communication apparatus determines that the transmission right has moved. Also, the transmission right control unit 110 of each communication device determines that the own communication device has held the transmission right if the transmission right included in the received token frame is the transmission right of the own communication device. On the other hand, if the transmission right included in the received token frame is the transmission right of any communication device, the transmission right control unit 110 of each communication device determines that the communication device has held the transmission right. As described above, the transmission right control unit 110 determines which communication device is the transmission right based on the identifier assigned to the transmission right, that is, the number of the communication device.
As described above, the transmission right control unit 110 can determine which communication apparatus has the current transmission right 200. Further, the transmission right control unit 110 can also determine whether the previous transmission right 200 was in the own communication device or whether the previous transmission right 200 was in the own communication device.
 ステップS105からステップS108の送信処理S10において、送信部120は、送信権が自通信装置に保持された場合に送信されるデータであって定期的に送信されるデータを含む定期フレーム210を生成し、定期フレーム210を第1のポート101から、自通信装置の次の通信装置の第2のポート102に送信する。すなわち、送信部120は、送信権方向に定期フレーム210を送信する。定期フレーム210は、定期通信フレームともいう。また、送信部120は、不定期通信が可能であり、かつ、不定期通信で送信するデータがある場合には、送信権方向に不定期通信を行う。 In the transmission processing S10 from step S105 to step S108, the transmission unit 120 generates a periodic frame 210 that includes data that is transmitted when the transmission right is held in the communication device and that is transmitted periodically. The periodic frame 210 is transmitted from the first port 101 to the second port 102 of the communication device next to the communication device. That is, the transmission unit 120 transmits the regular frame 210 in the transmission right direction. The regular frame 210 is also referred to as a regular communication frame. The transmission unit 120 performs irregular communication in the transmission right direction when irregular communication is possible and there is data to be transmitted by irregular communication.
 ステップS105において、フレーム生成部121は、定期的に送信するデータを含む定期フレーム210を生成する。フレーム送信部122は、第1のポート101を介して、定期フレーム210を次の通信装置に送信する。すなわち、フレーム送信部122は、定期フレーム210を送信権方向501に送信する。
 ステップS106において、フレーム送信部122は、不定期通信が可能であるか否かを判定する。具体的には、フレーム送信部122は、自通信装置が送信権を保持し、かつ、最大不定期通信量(不定期通信可能量ともいう)まで送信済みでなければ、不定期通信が可能であると判定する。不定期通信が可能であれば、フレーム送信部122はステップS107に進む。不定期通信が不可能であれば、フレーム送信部122はステップS109に進む。
 ステップS107において、フレーム送信部122は、不定期通信で送信するデータが有るか否かを判定する。すなわち、フレーム送信部122は、不定期通信が必要か否かを判定する。不定期通信が必要であれば、フレーム送信部122はステップS108に進む。不定期通信が必要でなければ、フレーム送信部122はステップS109に進む。
 ステップS108において、フレーム生成部121は、不定期通信をするデータを含む不定期フレーム220を生成する。フレーム送信部122は、第1のポート101を介して、不定期フレーム220を次の通信装置に送信する。すなわち、フレーム送信部122は、不定期フレーム220を送信権方向501に送信する。
 ステップS109において、送信権制御部110は、次の通信装置の送信権を含むトークンフレームを生成し、他の通信装置全てにブロードキャストする。その後、処理はステップS103に戻る。
In step S105, the frame generation unit 121 generates a regular frame 210 including data to be transmitted periodically. The frame transmission unit 122 transmits the regular frame 210 to the next communication device via the first port 101. That is, the frame transmission unit 122 transmits the regular frame 210 in the transmission right direction 501.
In step S106, the frame transmission unit 122 determines whether or not irregular communication is possible. Specifically, the frame transmission unit 122 can perform irregular communication if the own communication device holds the transmission right and has not been transmitted up to the maximum irregular communication amount (also referred to as irregular communication possible amount). Judge that there is. If irregular communication is possible, the frame transmission unit 122 proceeds to step S107. If irregular communication is not possible, the frame transmission unit 122 proceeds to step S109.
In step S107, the frame transmission unit 122 determines whether there is data to be transmitted by irregular communication. That is, the frame transmission unit 122 determines whether or not irregular communication is necessary. If irregular communication is necessary, the frame transmission unit 122 proceeds to step S108. If irregular communication is not necessary, the frame transmission unit 122 proceeds to step S109.
In step S108, the frame generation unit 121 generates an irregular frame 220 including data for irregular communication. The frame transmission unit 122 transmits the irregular frame 220 to the next communication device via the first port 101. That is, the frame transmission unit 122 transmits the irregular frame 220 in the transmission right direction 501.
In step S109, the transmission right control unit 110 generates a token frame including the transmission right of the next communication device and broadcasts it to all other communication devices. Thereafter, the process returns to step S103.
 ステップS110において、送信権制御部110は、送信権が次の通信装置に保持されたか否かを判定する。すなわち、送信権制御部110は、自通信装置が前回送信権を保持していたかを判定する。送信権が次の通信装置に保持された場合、処理はステップS111に進む。そうでなければ、処理はステップS114に進む。
 ステップS111において、ポート制御部140は、送信権が次の通信装置に保持された場合に、第1のポート101を無効にするポート制御処理S20を行う。ポートを無効にするとは、そのポートから入出力ができないようにすることである。ポートを無効にすることを、ポートをブロッキングするともいう。
In step S110, the transmission right control unit 110 determines whether or not the transmission right is held in the next communication device. That is, the transmission right control unit 110 determines whether the own communication apparatus has held the transmission right last time. If the transmission right is held in the next communication device, the process proceeds to step S111. Otherwise, the process proceeds to step S114.
In step S111, the port control unit 140 performs a port control process S20 that invalidates the first port 101 when the transmission right is held in the next communication device. Disabling a port means preventing input / output from that port. Disabling a port is also called blocking a port.
 ステップS112からステップS113において、送信部120は、ポート制御部140により第1のポート101が無効にされると、送信権が自通信装置に保持されていない場合に送信されるデータであって不定期に送信されるデータがあるか否かを判定する。送信部120は、不定期に送信されるデータがある場合に、不定期に送信されるデータを含む不定期フレーム220を生成する。送信部120は、不定期フレーム220を第2のポート102から、自通信装置の前の通信装置の第1のポート101に送信する。すなわち、送信部120は、不定期フレーム220を送信権方向とは逆の不定期通信方向に送信する。 In step S112 to step S113, when the first port 101 is invalidated by the port control unit 140, the transmission unit 120 is data that is transmitted when the transmission right is not held in the own communication device. It is determined whether there is data to be transmitted periodically. When there is data to be transmitted irregularly, the transmission unit 120 generates an irregular frame 220 including the data transmitted irregularly. The transmission unit 120 transmits the irregular frame 220 from the second port 102 to the first port 101 of the communication device in front of the own communication device. That is, the transmission unit 120 transmits the irregular frame 220 in the irregular communication direction opposite to the transmission right direction.
 ステップS112において、フレーム送信部122は、不定期通信で送信するデータが有るか否かを判定する。すなわち、フレーム送信部122は、不定期通信が必要か否かを判定する。不定期通信が必要であれば、フレーム送信部122はステップS113に進む。不定期通信が必要でなければ、処理はステップS103に戻る。
 ステップS113において、フレーム生成部121は、不定期通信をするデータを含む不定期フレーム220を生成する。フレーム送信部122は、第2のポート102を介して、不定期フレーム220を前の通信装置に送信する。すなわち、フレーム送信部122は、不定期フレーム220を不定期通信方向502に送信する。
In step S112, the frame transmission unit 122 determines whether there is data to be transmitted by irregular communication. That is, the frame transmission unit 122 determines whether or not irregular communication is necessary. If irregular communication is necessary, the frame transmission unit 122 proceeds to step S113. If irregular communication is not necessary, the process returns to step S103.
In step S113, the frame generation unit 121 generates an irregular frame 220 including data for irregular communication. The frame transmission unit 122 transmits the irregular frame 220 to the previous communication device via the second port 102. That is, the frame transmission unit 122 transmits the irregular frame 220 in the irregular communication direction 502.
 ステップS114において、送信権制御部110は、送信権が次の次の通信装置に保持されたか否かを判定する。すなわち、送信権制御部110は、自通信装置が前々回送信権を保持していたかを判定する。送信権が次の次の通信装置に保持された場合、処理はステップS115に進む。そうでなければ、処理はステップS116に進む。
 ステップS115において、ポート制御部140は、送信権が次の次の通信装置に保持された場合に、第1のポート101を有効にする処理を行う。ポートを有効にするとは、そのポートから入出力できるようにすることである。ポートを有効にすることを、ポートのブロッキングを解除するともいう。通信装置は、ポート制御部140により第1のポート101が有効にされると、次の通信装置の第2のポート102から送信された不定期フレーム220を第1のポート101により受信する。
In step S114, the transmission right control unit 110 determines whether or not the transmission right is held in the next communication device. That is, the transmission right control unit 110 determines whether the own communication device has held the transmission right two times before. If the transmission right is held in the next communication device, the process proceeds to step S115. Otherwise, the process proceeds to step S116.
In step S115, the port control unit 140 performs processing for enabling the first port 101 when the transmission right is held in the next communication device. Enabling a port means enabling input / output from that port. Enabling a port is also referred to as releasing port blocking. When the first port 101 is validated by the port control unit 140, the communication device receives the irregular frame 220 transmitted from the second port 102 of the next communication device through the first port 101.
 ステップS116において、送信部120は、送信権を保持している通信装置宛てのデータであって不定期に送信されるデータがあるか否かを判定する。送信権を保持している通信装置宛てのデータがある場合は、送信部120はステップS117に進む。送信権を保持している通信装置宛てのデータがない場合は、送信部120はステップS103に処理を戻す。
 ステップS117において、フレーム生成部121は、送信権を保持している通信装置宛てのデータであって不定期に送信されるデータを含む不定期フレーム220を生成する。フレーム送信部122は、第2のポート102を介して、不定期フレーム220を前の通信装置に送信する。すなわち、フレーム送信部122は、不定期フレーム220を送信権方向501とは逆の不定期通信方向502に送信する。
In step S116, the transmission unit 120 determines whether there is data destined for the communication device that holds the transmission right and is transmitted irregularly. If there is data addressed to the communication device holding the transmission right, the transmission unit 120 proceeds to step S117. If there is no data addressed to the communication device holding the transmission right, the transmission unit 120 returns the process to step S103.
In step S117, the frame generation unit 121 generates an irregular frame 220 including data addressed to the communication device holding the transmission right and transmitted irregularly. The frame transmission unit 122 transmits the irregular frame 220 to the previous communication device via the second port 102. That is, the frame transmission unit 122 transmits the irregular frame 220 in the irregular communication direction 502 opposite to the transmission right direction 501.
 ステップS116及びステップS117では、送信権を保持した通信装置が、自通信装置でもなく、次の通信装置でもなく、次の次の通信装置でもない場合の処理、すなわち、ステップS103でNO、かつ、ステップS110でNO、かつ、ステップS114でNOの場合の処理が含まれる。このとき、送信権を保持した通信装置宛ての不定期通信を行いたければ、不定期フレーム220を送信権方向501とは逆の不定期通信方向502に送信する。 In step S116 and step S117, the processing in the case where the communication device holding the transmission right is not the own communication device, the next communication device, or the next next communication device, that is, NO in step S103, and Processing in the case of NO in step S110 and NO in step S114 is included. At this time, if it is desired to perform irregular communication addressed to the communication apparatus holding the transmission right, the irregular frame 220 is transmitted in the irregular communication direction 502 opposite to the transmission right direction 501.
 図7は、本実施の形態に係る通信システム500の通信処理S10を用いた通信を示す図である。図8は、図7の(1)のフェーズを表した模式図である。図9は、図7の(2)のフェーズを表した模式図である。図10は、図7の(3)のフェーズを表した模式図である。図11は、図7の(4)のフェーズを表した模式図である。
 図7から図11を用いて、本実施の形態に係る通信システム500の通信処理S100を用いた通信を具体的に説明する。ここでは、通信装置100_4が通信装置100_3に対して大量の不定期通信を行いたいものとする。
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing communication using the communication process S10 of the communication system 500 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the phase (1) in FIG. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the phase (2) in FIG. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the phase (3) in FIG. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating the phase (4) in FIG. 7.
The communication using the communication process S100 of the communication system 500 according to the present embodiment will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. Here, it is assumed that the communication device 100_4 wants to perform a large amount of irregular communication with the communication device 100_3.
 図7の(1)フェーズにおいて、各通信装置100は、送信権200を持つ通信装置のデータ送信方向である送信権方向501と、送信権200を持たない通信装置のデータ送信方向である不定期通信方向502とを決定する。また、各通信装置100は、送信権移動後に有効或いは無効にする制御対象ポートを決定する。 In the (1) phase of FIG. 7, each communication device 100 transmits the transmission right direction 501 that is the data transmission direction of the communication device having the transmission right 200 and the irregular transmission time that is the data transmission direction of the communication device that does not have the transmission right 200. A communication direction 502 is determined. Further, each communication device 100 determines a control target port to be enabled or disabled after the transmission right is transferred.
 図7のステップS10では、送信権200を保持する通信装置100_1は、定期フレーム210を送信権方向501へ送信する。その後、通信装置100_1は、次の通信装置100_2の送信権を含むトークンフレームを、他の通信装置にブロードキャストする。このとき、また、この周期で不定期通信をしていないため、不定期通信可能量n=1となっている。不定期通信可能量nは、上述したように、1周期で不定期送信することができる最大量を示している。ここでは、一例として、1周期で不定期送信することができる最大量を1フレームとして説明する。
 図7のステップS11では、送信権200を保持する通信装置100_2は、定期フレーム210を、送信権方向501に送信する。通信装置100_2は、定期フレーム210をブロードキャストしている。また、通信装置100_2は、不定期フレーム220も送信権方向501に送信している。
 1周期分の不定期通信量を送信したため、図7のステップS12では、通信装置100_3の送信権を含むトークンフレームのブロードキャストの際には、不定期通信可能量n=0となっている。
 図7のステップS13では、送信権200を保持した通信装置100_3が、他の通信装置に対して定期フレーム210を送信権方向501にブロードキャストしている。また、通信装置100_3は、通信装置100_4から不定期フレーム220を不定期通信方向502の不定期通信により受信している。
 図7のステップS14では、通信装置100_4は、通信装置100_3に対してすべての不定期通信が完了する前に送信権200が回ってきている。送信権200を保持した通信装置100_4が、他の通信装置に対して定期フレーム210をブロードキャストすると共に、不定期フレーム220を送信権方向501に送信しようとするが、ステップS12において不定期通信可能量n=0となっているため、通信装置100_4は不定期通信はできない。通信装置100_4は、通信装置100_1の送信権を含むトークンフレームをブロードキャストする。
In step S10 of FIG. 7, the communication device 100_1 holding the transmission right 200 transmits the regular frame 210 in the transmission right direction 501. Thereafter, the communication device 100_1 broadcasts a token frame including the transmission right of the next communication device 100_2 to other communication devices. At this time, since irregular communication is not performed in this cycle, the irregular communication possible amount n = 1. The irregular communication possible amount n indicates the maximum amount that can be irregularly transmitted in one cycle as described above. Here, as an example, the maximum amount that can be transmitted irregularly in one cycle is described as one frame.
In step S11 of FIG. 7, the communication device 100_2 holding the transmission right 200 transmits the regular frame 210 in the transmission right direction 501. The communication device 100_2 broadcasts the regular frame 210. In addition, the communication device 100_2 also transmits the irregular frame 220 in the transmission right direction 501.
Since the irregular communication amount for one cycle is transmitted, in step S12 in FIG. 7, the irregular communication possible amount n = 0 when the token frame including the transmission right of the communication device 100_3 is broadcast.
In step S13 of FIG. 7, the communication device 100_3 holding the transmission right 200 broadcasts the regular frame 210 in the transmission right direction 501 to other communication devices. In addition, the communication device 100_3 receives the irregular frame 220 from the communication device 100_4 by irregular communication in the irregular communication direction 502.
In step S14 in FIG. 7, the communication device 100_4 has the transmission right 200 before the communication device 100_3 completes all irregular communication. The communication device 100_4 that holds the transmission right 200 broadcasts the regular frame 210 to other communication devices and attempts to transmit the irregular frame 220 in the transmission right direction 501, but the amount of irregular communication possible in step S12. Since n = 0, the communication device 100_4 cannot perform irregular communication. The communication device 100_4 broadcasts a token frame including the transmission right of the communication device 100_1.
 図7の(2)フェーズの開始時における各通信装置のポートの状態は、図9に示すように、前回送信権200を保持していた通信装置100_3の第1のポート101が無効となっている。送信権200を保持する通信装置100_4が、通信装置100_1の送信権200を含むトークンフレームをブロードキャストする。ここから新たな周期が開始されるため、不定期通信可能量はn=1となる。
 図7の(3)フェーズにおいて、図10に示すように、通信装置100_4は第1のポート101を無効にし、通信装置100_3は第1のポート101を有効にする。
 図7の(4)フェーズにおいて、図11に示すように、通信装置100_2及び通信装置100_3は、送信権200を保持する通信装置100_1に対して不定期通信方向502での不定期通信が可能となる。また、通信装置100_4は、すべての通信装置100に対して不定期通信方向502での不定期通信が可能となる。また、通信装置100_1は、通常通り、送信権方向501での定期通信と不定期通信とが可能である。
 以降、通信システム500は、送信権200を4つの通信装置100に巡回させながら、通信周期を繰り返す。
As shown in FIG. 9, the state of the port of each communication device at the start of the phase (2) in FIG. 7 is that the first port 101 of the communication device 100_3 holding the previous transmission right 200 is invalid. Yes. Communication device 100_4 holding transmission right 200 broadcasts a token frame including transmission right 200 of communication device 100_1. Since a new cycle starts from here, the irregular communication possible amount is n = 1.
In the (3) phase of FIG. 7, as illustrated in FIG. 10, the communication device 100_4 disables the first port 101, and the communication device 100_3 enables the first port 101.
In the (4) phase of FIG. 7, as shown in FIG. 11, the communication device 100_2 and the communication device 100_3 can perform irregular communication in the irregular communication direction 502 with respect to the communication device 100_1 holding the transmission right 200. Become. Further, the communication device 100_4 can perform irregular communication in the irregular communication direction 502 with respect to all the communication devices 100. Further, the communication device 100_1 can perform regular communication and irregular communication in the transmission right direction 501 as usual.
Thereafter, the communication system 500 repeats the communication cycle while circulating the transmission right 200 to the four communication devices 100.
***他の構成***
 上記の本実施の形態では、トークンパッシング方式を元に説明した。しかし、トポロジーがリング型であり、各通信装置が常に送信権を持つ通信装置を把握している通信システムであれば、例えば通信装置間で時分割方式を採用する通信システムであっても本実施の形態を適用することができる。
*** Other configurations ***
The above embodiment has been described based on the token passing method. However, if the communication system is a ring type topology and each communication device always knows the communication device with the transmission right, even if this is a communication system that employs a time division method between communication devices, for example, The form of can be applied.
 上記の本実施の形態では、フレームを送受信するポートとして、第1のポート101と第2のポート102との2つのポートを備えていたが、2つ以上ポートを備えていてもよい。
 また、第1のポート101及び第2のポート102の他に、下記のような入力インタフェース、出力インタフェース、通信機器を備えていてもよい。また、入力インタフェース、出力インタフェース、通信機器の一部として第1のポート101及び第2のポート102を備えていてもよい。
 入力インタフェースは、マウス、キーボード、タッチパネルといった入力装置と接続されるポートである。入力インタフェースは、具体的には、USB端子である。なお、入力インタフェースは、LAN(Local Area Network)と接続されるポートであってもよい。
 出力インタフェースは、ディスプレイ装置といった表示機器のケーブルが接続されるポートである。出力インタフェース940は、具体的には、USB端子又はHDMI(登録商標)(High Definition Multimedia Interface)端子である。ディスプレイ装置は、具体的には、LCD(Liquid Crystal Display)である。なお、出力インタフェースは、プリンタ装置といった出力装置に接続されていてもよい。
 通信機器は、レシーバとトランスミッタとを備える。具体的には、通信機器は通信チップ又はNIC(Network Interface Card)である。通信機器はデータを通信する通信部として機能する。レシーバはデータを受信する受信機器であり、トランスミッタはデータを送信する送信機器である。
In the above-described embodiment, two ports, the first port 101 and the second port 102, are provided as the ports for transmitting and receiving frames. However, two or more ports may be provided.
In addition to the first port 101 and the second port 102, the following input interface, output interface, and communication device may be provided. Further, the first port 101 and the second port 102 may be provided as part of the input interface, the output interface, and the communication device.
The input interface is a port connected to an input device such as a mouse, a keyboard, or a touch panel. Specifically, the input interface is a USB terminal. The input interface may be a port connected to a LAN (Local Area Network).
The output interface is a port to which a cable of a display device such as a display device is connected. Specifically, the output interface 940 is a USB terminal or a HDMI (registered trademark) (High Definition Multimedia Interface) terminal. Specifically, the display device is an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display). Note that the output interface may be connected to an output device such as a printer device.
The communication device includes a receiver and a transmitter. Specifically, the communication device is a communication chip or a NIC (Network Interface Card). The communication device functions as a communication unit that communicates data. The receiver is a receiving device that receives data, and the transmitter is a transmitting device that transmits data.
 本実施の形態では、通信装置100の「部」の機能がソフトウェアで実現されるが、変形例として、通信装置100の「部」の機能がハードウェアで実現されてもよい。
 図12を用いて、本実施の形態の変形例に係る通信装置100の構成について説明する。
 図12に示すように、通信装置100は、第1のポート101、第2のポート102といったハードウェアを備える。
In the present embodiment, the function of “unit” of communication device 100 is realized by software. However, as a modification, the function of “unit” of communication device 100 may be realized by hardware.
The configuration of communication apparatus 100 according to a modification of the present embodiment will be described using FIG.
As illustrated in FIG. 12, the communication device 100 includes hardware such as a first port 101 and a second port 102.
 処理回路909は、前述した「部」の機能及び記憶部150を実現する専用の電子回路である。処理回路909は、具体的には、単一回路、複合回路、プログラム化したプロセッサ、並列プログラム化したプロセッサ、ロジックIC、GA(Gate・Array)、ASIC(Application・Specific・Integrated・Circuit)、又は、FPGA(Field-Programmable・Gate・Array)である。 The processing circuit 909 is a dedicated electronic circuit that realizes the function of the “unit” and the storage unit 150 described above. Specifically, the processing circuit 909 includes a single circuit, a composite circuit, a programmed processor, a processor programmed in parallel, a logic IC, a GA (Gate Array), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or FPGA (Field-Programmable / Gate / Array).
 通信装置100は、処理回路909を代替する複数の処理回路を備えていてもよい。これら複数の処理回路により、全体として「部」の機能が実現される。それぞれの処理回路は、処理回路909と同じように、専用の電子回路である。 The communication apparatus 100 may include a plurality of processing circuits that replace the processing circuit 909. As a whole, the function of “unit” is realized by the plurality of processing circuits. Each processing circuit is a dedicated electronic circuit, like the processing circuit 909.
 別の変形例として、通信装置100の機能がソフトウェアとハードウェアとの組合せで実現されてもよい。すなわち、通信装置の一部の機能が専用のハードウェアで実現され、残りの機能がソフトウェアで実現されてもよい。 As another modification, the function of the communication device 100 may be realized by a combination of software and hardware. That is, some functions of the communication device may be realized by dedicated hardware, and the remaining functions may be realized by software.
 プロセッサ910、記憶装置920、及び、処理回路909を、総称して「プロセッシングサーキットリ」という。つまり、通信装置の構成が図3及び図12のいずれに示した構成であっても、「部」の機能及び記憶部150は、プロセッシングサーキットリにより実現される。 The processor 910, the storage device 920, and the processing circuit 909 are collectively referred to as a “processing circuit”. That is, regardless of the configuration of the communication device shown in FIGS. 3 and 12, the function of “unit” and the storage unit 150 are realized by a processing circuit.
 「部」を「工程」又は「手順」又は「処理」に読み替えてもよい。また、「部」の機能をファームウェアで実現してもよい。 “Part” may be read as “Process”, “Procedure” or “Process”. Further, the function of “unit” may be realized by firmware.
***本実施の形態の効果の説明***
 以上のように、本実施の形態に係る通信装置100では、送信権の移動に基づいてブロッキングする制御対象ポートを決定する。また、送信権を持つ通信装置のデータ(定期通信、不定期通信)送信方向である送信権方向、送信権を持たない通信装置の不定期通信方向を定める。よって、プロッキングポートを持つ通信装置が、通信システムの経路上にあるすべての通信装置に対して不定期通信方向による不定期通信が可能となる。よって、通信システムにおいて、定期通信と不定期通信との伝送効率を向上させることが可能である。また、ブロッキングポートを持つ通信装置は、通信システムがリング型のトポロジーであるため、末端の通信機器となる。よって、必ず経路上に相手通信装置が存在しており、確実にデータを送信することが可能である。そのため、本方式では各制御機器は他の制御機器の位置を把握していなくても、実現可能である。
*** Explanation of effects of this embodiment ***
As described above, in communication apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, the control target port to be blocked is determined based on the transfer of the transmission right. In addition, a transmission right direction that is a transmission direction of data (periodic communication, irregular communication) of a communication device having a transmission right and an irregular communication direction of a communication device that does not have the transmission right are determined. Therefore, a communication device having a prokking port can perform irregular communication in an irregular communication direction with respect to all communication devices on the communication system path. Therefore, it is possible to improve the transmission efficiency of regular communication and irregular communication in the communication system. A communication device having a blocking port is a terminal communication device because the communication system has a ring topology. Therefore, the partner communication device always exists on the route, and data can be transmitted reliably. Therefore, this method can be realized even if each control device does not know the position of another control device.
 以上、本発明の実施の形態1について説明したが、この実施の形態の説明において「部」として説明するもののうち、いずれか1つのみを採用してもよいし、いくつかの任意の組合せを採用してもよい。つまり、通信装置の機能ブロックは、上記の実施の形態で説明した機能を実現することができれば、任意である。これらの機能ブロックを、どのような組合せ、或いは任意のブロック構成で通信装置を構成しても構わない。また、通信装置は、1つの装置でなく、複数の装置から構成されていてもよい。 As described above, the first embodiment of the present invention has been described. However, only one of those described as “parts” in the description of this embodiment may be adopted, or some arbitrary combinations may be adopted. It may be adopted. That is, the functional block of the communication device is arbitrary as long as the functions described in the above embodiments can be realized. The communication apparatus may be configured with any combination of these functional blocks or with an arbitrary block configuration. Further, the communication device may be composed of a plurality of devices instead of a single device.
 また、実施の形態1について説明したが、この実施の形態のうち、複数の部分を組み合わせて実施しても構わない。或いは、この実施の形態のうち、1つの部分を実施しても構わない。その他、この実施の形態を、全体として或いは部分的に、どのように組合せて実施しても構わない。
 なお、上記の実施の形態は、本質的に好ましい例示であって、本発明、その適用物や用途の範囲を制限することを意図するものではなく、必要に応じて種々の変更が可能である。
Moreover, although Embodiment 1 was demonstrated, you may implement combining several parts among this Embodiment. Alternatively, one part of this embodiment may be implemented. In addition, this embodiment may be implemented in any combination as a whole or in part.
In addition, said embodiment is an essentially preferable illustration, Comprising: It does not intend restrict | limiting the range of this invention, its application thing, or a use, A various change is possible as needed. .
 100,100_1,100_2,100_3,100_4 通信装置、101 第1のポート、102 第2のポート、110 送信権制御部、120 送信部、121 フレーム生成部、122 フレーム送信部、130 方向決定部、140 ポート制御部、150 記憶部、151 受信バッファ、152 中継バッファ、153 送信方向、154 制御対象ポート、200 送信権、210 定期フレーム、220 不定期フレーム、500 通信システム、501 送信権方向、502 不定期通信方向、510 通信方法、520 通信プログラム、909 処理回路、910 プロセッサ、920 記憶装置、921 メモリ、922 補助記憶装置、S100 通信処理、S10 送信処理、S20 ポート制御処理。 100, 100_1, 100_2, 100_3, 100_4 communication device, 101 first port, 102 second port, 110 transmission right control unit, 120 transmission unit, 121 frame generation unit, 122 frame transmission unit, 130 direction determination unit, 140 Port control unit, 150 storage unit, 151 reception buffer, 152 relay buffer, 153 transmission direction, 154 controlled port, 200 transmission right, 210 periodic frame, 220 irregular frame, 500 communication system, 501 transmission right direction, 502 irregular Communication direction, 510 communication method, 520 communication program, 909 processing circuit, 910 processor, 920 storage device, 921 memory, 922 auxiliary storage device, S100 communication processing, S10 transmission processing, S20 port control processing

Claims (7)

  1.  各々が第1のポートと第2のポートとを有する複数の通信装置がリング型に接続された通信システムであって、前記複数の通信装置の間で、フレームを送信する送信権を順に移動させる通信システムに含まれる通信装置において、
     前記送信権が自通信装置に保持された場合に送信されるデータであって定期的に送信されるデータを含む定期フレームを生成し、前記定期フレームを前記第1のポートから、自通信装置の次の通信装置の第2のポートに送信する送信部と、
     前記送信権が前記次の通信装置に保持された場合に、前記第1のポートを無効にするポート制御部と
    を備えた通信装置。
    A communication system in which a plurality of communication devices each having a first port and a second port are connected in a ring shape, and a transmission right for transmitting a frame is sequentially moved between the plurality of communication devices. In a communication device included in a communication system,
    A periodic frame including data that is transmitted when the transmission right is held in the own communication apparatus and is periodically transmitted is generated, and the periodic frame is transmitted from the first port to the own communication apparatus. A transmitter for transmitting to the second port of the next communication device;
    And a port control unit that disables the first port when the transmission right is held in the next communication device.
  2.  前記送信部は、
     前記ポート制御部により前記第1のポートが無効にされると、前記送信権が自通信装置に保持されていない場合に送信されるデータであって不定期に送信されるデータがあるか否かを判定し、前記不定期に送信されるデータがある場合に、前記不定期に送信されるデータを含む不定期フレームを生成し、前記不定期フレームを前記第2のポートから、自通信装置の前の通信装置の第1のポートに送信する請求項1に記載の通信装置。
    The transmitter is
    If the port control unit invalidates the first port, whether or not there is data that is transmitted when the transmission right is not held in its own communication device and is transmitted irregularly If there is data to be transmitted irregularly, an irregular frame including the irregularly transmitted data is generated, and the irregular frame is transmitted from the second port to the local communication device. The communication device according to claim 1, wherein the communication device transmits to the first port of the previous communication device.
  3.  前記ポート制御部は、
     前記送信権が自通信装置の次の次の通信装置に保持された場合に、前記第1のポートを有効にする請求項2に記載の通信装置。
    The port control unit
    The communication device according to claim 2, wherein the first port is enabled when the transmission right is held in a communication device next to the communication device.
  4.  前記ポート制御部により前記第1のポートが有効にされると、前記次の通信装置の第2のポートから送信された不定期フレームを前記第1のポートにより受信する請求項3に記載の通信装置。 The communication according to claim 3, wherein when the first port is enabled by the port control unit, an irregular frame transmitted from the second port of the next communication device is received by the first port. apparatus.
  5.  前記通信装置は、
     前記送信権が前記複数の通信装置のいずれの通信装置に保持されているかを検出する送信権制御部を備えた請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の通信装置。
    The communication device
    5. The communication device according to claim 1, further comprising: a transmission right control unit that detects which of the plurality of communication devices holds the transmission right.
  6.  各々が第1のポートと第2のポートとを有する複数の通信装置がリング型に接続された通信システムであって、前記複数の通信装置の間で、フレームを送信する送信権を順に移動させる通信システムに含まれる通信装置の通信方法において、
     送信部が、前記送信権が自通信装置に保持された場合に送信されるデータであって定期的に送信されるデータを含む定期フレームを生成し、前記定期フレームを前記第1のポートから、自通信装置の次の通信装置の第2のポートに送信し、
     ポート制御部が、前記送信権が前記次の通信装置に保持された場合に、前記第1のポートを無効にする通信方法。
    A communication system in which a plurality of communication devices each having a first port and a second port are connected in a ring shape, and a transmission right for transmitting a frame is sequentially moved between the plurality of communication devices. In a communication method of a communication device included in a communication system,
    The transmission unit generates a periodic frame including data that is transmitted when the transmission right is held in the own communication device and is periodically transmitted, and the periodic frame is transmitted from the first port, Send to the second port of the next communication device of its own communication device,
    A communication method in which a port control unit invalidates the first port when the transmission right is held in the next communication device.
  7.  各々が第1のポートと第2のポートとを有する複数の通信装置がリング型に接続された通信システムであって、前記複数の通信装置の間で、フレームを送信する送信権を順に移動させる通信システムに含まれる通信装置の通信プログラムにおいて、
     前記送信権が自通信装置に保持された場合に送信されるデータであって定期的に送信されるデータを含む定期フレームを生成し、前記定期フレームを前記第1のポートから、自通信装置の次の通信装置の第2のポートに送信する送信処理と、
     前記送信権が前記次の通信装置に保持された場合に、前記第1のポートを無効にするポート制御処理とをコンピュータである前記通信装置に実行させる通信プログラム。
    A communication system in which a plurality of communication devices each having a first port and a second port are connected in a ring shape, and a transmission right for transmitting a frame is sequentially moved between the plurality of communication devices. In a communication program for a communication device included in a communication system,
    A periodic frame including data that is transmitted when the transmission right is held in the own communication apparatus and is periodically transmitted is generated, and the periodic frame is transmitted from the first port to the own communication apparatus. A transmission process for transmitting to the second port of the next communication device;
    A communication program for causing the communication device, which is a computer, to execute port control processing for invalidating the first port when the transmission right is held in the next communication device.
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