WO2017175807A1 - 含フッ素エラストマー組成物および成形体 - Google Patents
含フッ素エラストマー組成物および成形体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017175807A1 WO2017175807A1 PCT/JP2017/014286 JP2017014286W WO2017175807A1 WO 2017175807 A1 WO2017175807 A1 WO 2017175807A1 JP 2017014286 W JP2017014286 W JP 2017014286W WO 2017175807 A1 WO2017175807 A1 WO 2017175807A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
- C08K3/041—Carbon nanotubes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0025—Crosslinking or vulcanising agents; including accelerators
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/12—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/10—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/10—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K3/1006—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers characterised by the chemical nature of one of its constituents
- C09K3/1009—Fluorinated polymers, e.g. PTFE
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/003—Additives being defined by their diameter
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
- C08L2207/04—Thermoplastic elastomer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2312/00—Crosslinking
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fluorine-containing elastomer composition and a molded body.
- seal members such as packings, gaskets and O-rings have been used as members for preventing leakage of liquids such as oil, water, and solvents.
- sealing members used under conditions that can be high temperature, such as equipment for mining underground resources such as oil and natural gas at a deep depth, and the axis of equipment that rotates, reciprocates or swings in various machines and vehicles Is required to have excellent physical properties and wear resistance at high temperatures.
- Patent Document 1 an elastomer composition obtained by blending a tetrafluoropropylene-propylene copolymer with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (hereinafter, also referred to as “MWCNT”) having a predetermined average diameter in a predetermined ratio.
- MWCNT multi-walled carbon nanotubes
- the conventional sealing member using multi-walled carbon nanotubes has insufficient tear strength and tensile rupture energy at high temperature, and if the amount of multi-walled carbon nanotubes is increased to make up for it, the sealing member becomes too hard. There was a problem.
- the present invention provides a fluorine-containing elastomer composition capable of forming a molded article such as a seal member in which both flexibility, tensile fracture energy at high temperature, and tear strength at high temperature are sufficiently improved.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a molded article in which both flexibility, tensile fracture energy at high temperature, and tear strength at high temperature are sufficiently improved.
- the present inventor has intensively studied to achieve the above object. Then, the inventor forms a molded article such as a seal member using a composition containing a fibrous carbon nanostructure including single-walled carbon nanotubes in a predetermined ratio with respect to the fluorine-containing elastomer. The inventors have found that both the tensile fracture energy at high temperature and the tear strength at high temperature can be sufficiently improved, and the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention aims to advantageously solve the above-mentioned problems, and the fluorine-containing elastomer composition of the present invention comprises a fluorine-containing elastomer and a fibrous carbon nanostructure.
- the fibrous carbon nanostructure includes a single-walled carbon nanotube, and the fibrous carbon nanostructure is 0.1 to 5.0 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the fluorine-containing elastomer. It is characterized by containing at a ratio of less than.
- a fluorine-containing elastomer composition capable of forming a body can be provided.
- the fibrous carbon nanostructure has a shape in which a t-plot obtained from an adsorption isotherm is convex upward. This is because the flexibility can be further improved by using a fibrous carbon nanostructure in which the t-plot obtained from the adsorption isotherm shows a convex shape.
- the bending point of the t-plot is preferably in the range of 0.2 ⁇ t (nm) ⁇ 1.5.
- Using fibrous carbon nanostructures with t-plot bending points in the range of 0.2 ⁇ t (nm) ⁇ 1.5 further improves both flexibility and tear strength at normal and high temperatures. It is because it can be made.
- the total specific surface area S1 and the internal specific surface area S2 obtained from the t-plot preferably satisfy 0.05 ⁇ S2 / S1 ⁇ 0.30. If a fibrous carbon nanostructure having a total specific surface area S1 and an internal specific surface area S2 satisfying 0.05 ⁇ S2 / S1 ⁇ 0.30 is used, flexibility, tensile fracture energy at high temperature, and tear strength at high temperature This is because both can be further improved.
- an average diameter of the fibrous carbon nanostructure is 2 nm or more and 10 nm or less. This is because if a fibrous carbon nanostructure having an average diameter of 2 nm or more and 10 nm or less is used, both the flexibility, the tensile fracture energy at high temperature, and the tear strength at high temperature can be further improved.
- the fluorine-containing elastomer composition of the present invention can further contain a crosslinking agent.
- the fluorine-containing elastomer composition of the present invention can further contain carbon black.
- carbon black By further containing carbon black, the effects of improving both flexibility, tensile rupture energy at high temperature, and tear strength at high temperature can be exhibited in a particularly well-balanced manner.
- the present invention aims to advantageously solve the above problems, and the molded article of the present invention is characterized by being formed using any of the above-mentioned fluorine-containing elastomer compositions.
- a molded body formed using the above-mentioned fluorine-containing elastomer composition has improved flexibility, high tensile rupture energy at high temperature, and high tear strength at high temperature.
- the fluorine-containing elastomer composition which can form the molded object which both the softness
- flexibility, the tensile fracture energy at high temperature, and the tear strength at high temperature improved can be provided.
- the fluorine-containing elastomer composition according to the present invention is used for forming molded bodies such as seal members such as packings, gaskets and O-rings.
- the sealing member according to the present invention can be formed using the fluorine-containing elastomer composition according to the present invention, for example, a device for mining underground resources such as oil and natural gas at a large depth, It can be used as a member for preventing the leakage of fluids such as oil, water, solvents, etc. and fluids such as oil around the axis of a rotating, reciprocating or swinging device in a machine or vehicle.
- the fluorine-containing elastomer composition of the present invention contains a fluorine-containing elastomer and a fibrous carbon nanostructure, and optionally further contains additives such as a crosslinking agent, a reinforcing material, and an antioxidant. It is. And in the fluorine-containing elastomer composition of this invention, the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing a single-walled carbon nanotube is used as a fibrous carbon nanostructure.
- the fluorine-containing elastomer of the fluorine-containing elastomer composition is not particularly limited, and a known fluorine rubber used for forming a molded body can be used.
- a known fluorine rubber used for forming a molded body can be used.
- the fluorine-containing elastomer for example, vinylidene fluoride rubber (FKM), tetrafluoroethylene propylene rubber (FEPM), tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoromethyl vinyl ether rubber (FFKM), tetrafluoro, for example.
- FKM vinylidene fluoride rubber
- FEPM tetrafluoroethylene propylene rubber
- FFKM tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoromethyl vinyl ether rubber
- TFE ethylene rubber
- fluorine-containing elastomer vinylidene fluoride rubber (FKM) and tetrafluoroethylene-propylene rubber (FEPM) are preferable, and tetrafluoroethylene-propylene rubber (FEPM) is more preferable.
- Vinylidene fluoride rubber is a fluororubber that is mainly composed of vinylidene fluoride and has excellent heat resistance, oil resistance, chemical resistance, solvent resistance, workability, and the like. Although it does not specifically limit as FKM, For example, the binary copolymer which consists of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropyrene, The ternary copolymer which consists of vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropyrene, and tetrafluoroethylene, Vinylidene fluoride And a quaternary copolymer composed of hexafluoropyrene, tetrafluoroethylene, and a vulcanization site monomer.
- FKM Vinylidene fluoride rubber
- Examples of commercially available products include “Viton (registered trademark)” manufactured by DuPont Elastomer Co., Ltd. and “Daiel (registered trademark) G” manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd. Among them, a quaternary copolymer composed of vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropyrene, tetrafluoroethylene and a vulcanization site monomer is preferable. The quaternary copolymer is available, for example, as a commercial product “Viton GBL-200S” (manufactured by DuPont Elastomer Co., Ltd.).
- Tetrafluoroethylene-propylene rubber is based on an alternating copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) and propylene (P), and has heat resistance, chemical resistance, polar solvent resistance, steam resistance, etc. It is an excellent fluororubber. Although it does not specifically limit as FEPM, For example, from the binary copolymer which consists of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) and propylene (P), tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), propylene (P), and vinylidene fluoride (VdF) And a terpolymer comprising tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), propylene (P) and a crosslinking point monomer (CSM).
- TFE tetrafluoroethylene
- P propylene
- CSM crosslinking point monomer
- the fibrous carbon nanostructure for example, a non-cylindrical carbon nanostructure such as a carbon nanotube (CNT) or a carbon nanostructure formed by forming a carbon six-membered ring network into a flat cylindrical shape. Examples include carbon nanostructures having a shape. And in the fluorine-containing elastomer composition of this invention, the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing a single layer CNT is used. In this way, by using a fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNTs, it is possible to form a molded body such as a seal member in which both flexibility and tear strength at room temperature and high temperature are sufficiently improved. it can.
- a non-cylindrical carbon nanostructure such as a carbon nanotube (CNT) or a carbon nanostructure formed by forming a carbon six-membered ring network into a flat cylindrical shape. Examples include carbon nanostructures having a shape.
- the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing a single layer CNT is used. In this way, by using
- content of the fibrous carbon nanostructure in a fluorine-containing elastomer composition needs to be 0.1 mass part or more per 100 mass parts of fluorine-containing elastomer, and is 0.2 mass part or more. It is preferably 0.3 parts by mass or more, and more preferably 0.4 parts by mass or more.
- content of the fibrous carbon nanostructure is less than 0.1 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the fluorine-containing elastomer, the strength of the molded body formed using the fluorine-containing elastomer composition cannot be ensured, and the flexibility Property, tensile fracture energy at high temperature and tear strength at high temperature cannot be sufficiently improved.
- the content of the fibrous carbon nanostructure in the fluorine-containing elastomer composition needs to be less than 5 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the fluorine-containing elastomer, and should be 4.5 parts by mass or less. Preferably, it is 4 mass parts or less, More preferably, it is 3.5 mass parts or less. When the content of the fibrous carbon nanostructure is 5 parts by mass or more per 100 parts by mass of the fluorine-containing elastomer, appropriate flexibility cannot be maintained.
- the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNTs is not particularly limited as long as it contains single-walled CNTs, and may be composed of only single-walled CNTs. It may be a mixture of multi-walled CNTs, or a mixture of CNTs containing at least single-walled CNTs and fibrous carbon nanostructures other than CNTs. And from the viewpoint of improving both flexibility and tensile fracture energy at high temperature and tear strength at high temperature in the molded body formed using the fluorine-containing elastomer composition, 100 fibrous carbon nanostructures in 100 The ratio of single-walled CNTs is preferably 50 or more, more preferably 70 or more, and still more preferably 90 or more.
- the fibrous carbon nanostructure including single-walled CNTs preferably has a shape in which the t-plot obtained from the adsorption isotherm is convex upward.
- a fibrous carbon nanostructure in which the t-plot obtained from the adsorption isotherm shows a convex shape a shaped body with further improved flexibility can be formed. It is more preferable that the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNTs is not subjected to CNT opening treatment and the t-plot has an upwardly convex shape.
- adsorption is a phenomenon in which gas molecules are removed from the gas phase to the solid surface, and is classified into physical adsorption and chemical adsorption based on the cause.
- physical adsorption is used. Normally, if the adsorption temperature is constant, the number of nitrogen gas molecules adsorbed on the fibrous carbon nanostructure increases as the pressure increases.
- the plot of the relative pressure (ratio of adsorption equilibrium pressure P and saturated vapor pressure P0) on the horizontal axis and the amount of nitrogen gas adsorption on the vertical axis is called the “isothermal line”.
- Nitrogen gas adsorption while increasing the pressure The case where the amount is measured is referred to as an “adsorption isotherm”, and the case where the amount of nitrogen gas adsorption is measured while reducing the pressure is referred to as a “desorption isotherm”.
- the t-plot is obtained by converting the relative pressure to the average thickness t (nm) of the nitrogen gas adsorption layer in the adsorption isotherm measured by the nitrogen gas adsorption method. That is, the average thickness t of the nitrogen gas adsorption layer is plotted against the relative pressure P / P0, and the average thickness t of the nitrogen gas adsorption layer corresponding to the relative pressure is obtained from the known standard isotherm and the above conversion is performed. Gives a t-plot of the fibrous carbon nanostructure (t-plot method by de Boer et al.).
- the growth of the nitrogen gas adsorption layer is classified into the following processes (1) to (3).
- the slope of the t-plot is changed by the following processes (1) to (3).
- the plot In the t-plot of the fibrous carbon nanostructure including single-walled CNTs, the plot is located on a straight line passing through the origin in the region where the average thickness t of the nitrogen gas adsorption layer is small. It is preferable that the plot has a position shifted downward from the straight line and shows a convex shape upward.
- the shape of the t-plot is such that the ratio of the internal specific surface area to the total specific surface area of the fibrous carbon nanostructure is large, and a large number of openings are formed in the carbon nanostructure constituting the fibrous carbon nanostructure.
- the inflection point of the t-plot of the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNTs is preferably in a range satisfying 0.2 ⁇ t (nm) ⁇ 1.5, and 0.45 ⁇ t (nm ) ⁇ 1.5 is more preferable, and 0.55 ⁇ t (nm) ⁇ 1.0 is more preferable.
- the position of the inflection point of the t-plot is within the above range, the properties of the fibrous carbon nanostructure are further improved, so that the tensile fracture energy at high temperature and the tear strength at high temperature can be further improved.
- the “bend point position” is an intersection of the approximate line A in the process (1) described above and the approximate line B in the process (3) described above in the t-plot.
- the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNTs preferably has a ratio (S2 / S1) of the internal specific surface area S2 to the total specific surface area S1 obtained from the t-plot of 0.05 or more. 0.06 or more is more preferable, 0.08 or more is further preferable, and 0.30 or less is preferable. If S2 / S1 is 0.05 or more and 0.30 or less, the characteristics of the fibrous carbon nanostructure can be further improved, so that the tensile fracture energy at high temperature and the tear strength at high temperature are further improved. Can do.
- the total specific surface area S1 and the internal specific surface area S2 of the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNTs are not particularly limited, but individually, S1 is 600 m 2 / g or more and 1400 m 2 / g or less. preferably, it is more preferably not more than 800 m 2 / g or more 1200 m 2 / g. On the other hand, S2 is preferably 30 m 2 / g or more and 540 m 2 / g or less.
- the total specific surface area S1 and the internal specific surface area S2 of the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNTs can be obtained from the t-plot.
- the total specific surface area S1 can be obtained from the slope of the approximate line in the process (1), and the external specific surface area S3 can be obtained from the slope of the approximate line in the process (3). Then, the internal specific surface area S2 can be calculated by subtracting the external specific surface area S3 from the total specific surface area S1.
- the calculation of the total specific surface area S1 and the internal specific surface area S2 based on the measurement of the adsorption isotherm of the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNT, the creation of the t-plot, and the analysis of the t-plot is, for example,
- the measurement can be performed using a commercially available measuring device “BELSORP (registered trademark) -mini” (manufactured by Nippon Bell Co., Ltd.).
- the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNTs has a ratio (3 ⁇ / Av) of a value (3 ⁇ ) obtained by multiplying the standard deviation ( ⁇ ) of the diameter by 3 with respect to the average diameter (Av) is 0.20. It is preferable to use a fibrous carbon nanostructure having a super-less than 0.60, more preferably using a fibrous carbon nanostructure having a 3 ⁇ / Av of more than 0.25, and a fiber having a 3 ⁇ / Av of more than 0.40. More preferably, a carbon-like carbon nanostructure is used.
- a fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNTs with 3 ⁇ / Av of more than 0.20 and less than 0.60 both flexibility and tensile fracture energy at high temperature and tear strength at high temperature are further improved.
- the formed body can be formed.
- Average diameter (Av) of fibrous carbon nanostructure” and “standard deviation of diameter of fibrous carbon nanostructure ( ⁇ : sample standard deviation)” are randomized using a transmission electron microscope, respectively. It can be determined by measuring the diameter (outer diameter) of 100 fibrous carbon nanostructures selected.
- the average diameter (Av) and standard deviation ( ⁇ ) of the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNTs may be adjusted by changing the manufacturing method and manufacturing conditions of the fibrous carbon nanostructure. It may be adjusted by combining a plurality of types of fibrous carbon nanostructures obtained by different production methods.
- the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNTs preferably has a G-band peak intensity ratio (G / D ratio) of 1 to 20 in the Raman spectrum.
- G / D ratio G-band peak intensity ratio
- the G / D ratio is 1 or more and 20 or less, it is possible to form a molded body in which both flexibility, tensile fracture energy at high temperature, and tear strength at high temperature are further improved.
- the average diameter (Av) of the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNTs is preferably 2 nm or more, more preferably 2.5 nm or more, preferably 10 nm or less, and 6 nm or less. More preferably. If the average diameter (Av) of the fibrous carbon nanostructure is 2 nm or more, it is possible to form a molded body with further improved tensile fracture energy at high temperature and tear strength at high temperature. Moreover, if the average diameter (Av) of fibrous carbon nanostructure is 10 nm or less, the molded object which further improved the softness
- the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNTs preferably has an average structure length of 100 ⁇ m or more during synthesis.
- the average length of the structure at the time of synthesis is 5000 ⁇ m or less. Is preferred.
- the aspect-ratio (length / diameter) of the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNT exceeds 10.
- the aspect ratio of the fibrous carbon nanostructure was determined by measuring the diameter and length of 100 fibrous carbon nanostructures selected at random using a transmission electron microscope, and the ratio of the diameter to the length (long It can be obtained by calculating an average value of (thickness / diameter).
- the BET specific surface area of the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNTs is preferably 600 m 2 / g or more, more preferably 800 m 2 / g or more, and 2500 m 2 / g or less. Is preferably 1200 m 2 / g or less. If the BET specific surface area of the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNTs is 600 m 2 / g or more, the strength of the formed body can be increased, so that the tensile fracture energy at high temperature and the tear strength at high temperature Can be further improved.
- the BET specific surface area of the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNTs is 2500 m 2 / g or less, the flexibility of the formed molded body can be maintained and a suitable hardness can be obtained.
- the “BET specific surface area” refers to a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area measured using the BET method.
- the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNTs is oriented in a direction substantially perpendicular to the base material on the base material having a catalyst layer for carbon nanotube growth on the surface according to the super growth method described later.
- the mass density of the fibrous carbon nanostructure as the aggregate is preferably 0.002 g / cm 3 or more and 0.2 g / cm 3 or less. If the mass density is 0.2 g / cm 3 or less, since the bonds between the fibrous carbon nanostructures are weakened, the fibrous carbon nanostructures can be uniformly dispersed in the fluorine-containing elastomer. Further, if the mass density is 0.002 g / cm 3 or more, the integrity of the fibrous carbon nanostructure can be improved, and the handling can be facilitated because it can be prevented from being broken.
- the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNTs preferably has a plurality of micropores.
- the fibrous carbon nanostructure preferably has micropores having a pore diameter smaller than 2 nm, and the abundance thereof is a micropore volume determined by the following method, preferably 0.40 mL / g or more.
- it is 0.43 mL / g or more, More preferably, it is 0.45 mL / g or more, and as an upper limit, it is about 0.65 mL / g normally.
- flexibility can be further improved.
- micropore volume can be adjusted, for example, by appropriately changing the preparation method and preparation conditions of the fibrous carbon nanostructure.
- P is a measurement pressure at the time of adsorption equilibrium
- P0 is a saturated vapor pressure of liquid nitrogen at the time of measurement
- M is an adsorbate (nitrogen) molecular weight of 28.010
- ⁇ is an adsorbate (nitrogen).
- the micropore volume can be determined using, for example, “BELSORP-mini” (manufactured by Nippon Bell Co., Ltd.).
- the fibrous carbon nanostructure including single-walled CNTs having the above-described properties is obtained by supplying a raw material compound and a carrier gas onto a substrate having a catalyst layer for producing carbon nanotubes on the surface, for example.
- CVD vapor phase epitaxy
- a method in which the catalytic activity of the catalyst layer is dramatically improved by the presence of a small amount of an oxidizing agent (catalyst activation material) in the system (super growth) Method; see International Publication No. 2006/011655), and the formation of the catalyst layer on the surface of the substrate can be carried out efficiently by a wet process.
- the carbon nanotube obtained by the super growth method may be referred to as “SGCNT”.
- the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNTs manufactured by the super-growth method may be composed only of SGCNT, or may be composed of SGCNT and a non-cylindrical carbon nanostructure. Good.
- the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNTs has a single-layer or multi-layer flat cylindrical carbon nanostructure (hereinafter referred to as a tape-shaped portion in which inner walls are close to or bonded to each other over the entire length). , which may be referred to as “graphene nanotape (GNT)”).
- GNT is presumed to be a substance in which a tape-like portion in which inner walls are close to each other or bonded is formed over the entire length from the synthesis, and a carbon six-membered ring network is formed in a flat cylindrical shape.
- the And the shape of GNT is a flat cylindrical shape, and the presence of a tape-like part in which the inner walls are close to each other or bonded is present in GNT.
- GNT and fullerene (C60) are sealed in a quartz tube.
- the shape of GNT is a shape which has a tape-shaped part in the center part of the width direction, and the shape of the cross section orthogonal to the extending direction (axial direction) is the cross-sectional length in the vicinity of both ends in the cross-sectional longitudinal direction. It is more preferable that the maximum dimension in the direction orthogonal to the direction is larger than the maximum dimension in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the cross section in the vicinity of the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the cross section. preferable.
- “near the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the cross section” means the longitudinal width of the cross section from the longitudinal center line of the cross section (a straight line passing through the longitudinal center of the cross section and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction line).
- the “near the end in the longitudinal direction of the cross section” means the area outside the longitudinal direction of “near the center in the longitudinal direction of the cross section”.
- the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing GNT as a non-cylindrical carbon nanostructure has a catalyst layer on the surface when synthesizing CNTs by a super-growth method using a substrate having the catalyst layer on the surface. It can be obtained by forming a substrate (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “catalyst substrate”) by a predetermined method. Specifically, the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing GNT is obtained by applying a coating liquid A containing an aluminum compound onto a substrate, drying the applied coating liquid A, and then forming an aluminum thin film (catalyst) on the substrate.
- the coating liquid B containing the iron compound is applied onto the aluminum thin film, and the applied coating liquid B is dried at a temperature of 50 ° C. or less to form the iron thin film (catalyst layer) on the aluminum thin film.
- Additives that can be optionally blended in the fluorine-containing elastomer composition are not particularly limited, and known additives such as a crosslinking agent, a crosslinking assistant, a co-crosslinking agent, a reinforcing material, a lubricant, an anti-aging agent, and a coupling agent. Additives can be used.
- the crosslinking agent is not particularly limited, and a known crosslinking agent capable of crosslinking the fluorinated elastomer contained in the fluorinated elastomer composition can be used. More specifically, as the crosslinking agent, for example, a peroxide crosslinking agent, a polyol crosslinking agent, a polyamine crosslinking agent, or the like can be used. Moreover, as a crosslinking adjuvant, it does not specifically limit, For example, zinc white etc. can be used.
- the co-crosslinking agent is not particularly limited, and for example, triallyl isocyanurate can be used. Further, the reinforcing material is not particularly limited, and carbon black or silica can be used.
- the lubricant is not particularly limited, and sodium stearate can be used.
- the anti-aging agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include di-t-butyl-P-cresol, pentaerythrityl-tetraxy [3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate. ], 2,2'methylenebis (2-methyl-6-t-butylphenyl), bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperazyl) sebacate, N, N'-hexane-1,6- And diylbis [3- (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionamide], bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperazyl) sebacate and the like.
- the coupling agent is not particularly limited.
- additives may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- compounding quantity of an additive can be made into arbitrary quantity, unless the expression of a desired effect is inhibited.
- the fluorine-containing elastomer composition is obtained by, for example, mixing or kneading a fluorine-containing elastomer, a fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled carbon nanotubes, and an additive as an optional component at a desired mixing ratio. Can be prepared.
- the fluorine-containing elastomer composition is not particularly limited, and after obtaining a mixture of the fluorine-containing elastomer and a fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled carbon nanotubes, the obtained mixture and any It can prepare by knead
- the preparation of the mixture of the fluorine-containing elastomer and the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled carbon nanotubes can disperse the fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled carbon nanotubes in the fluorine-containing elastomer.
- Any mixing method can be used.
- the mixture is not particularly limited, and is a fluorinated elastomer solution obtained by dissolving a fluorinated elastomer in an organic solvent or a fluorinated elastomer dispersion obtained by dispersing a fluorinated elastomer in a dispersion medium.
- a mixture can be prepared.
- the distributed processing can be performed using a known distributed processing method.
- a dispersion treatment method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an ultrasonic homogenizer, a wet jet mill, and a high-speed rotary shear disperser, and a wet jet mill is preferable. This is because by applying a moderately strong shearing force, the fibrous carbon nanostructure can be sufficiently dispersed, and a molded body with improved material uniformity can be formed.
- the pressure applied in the dispersion treatment of the mixed liquid by the wet jet mill may be 10 to 180 MPa, preferably 15 to 170 MPa, more preferably 20 to 160 MPa, and further preferably 20 to 150 MPa. preferable.
- the number of treatments (passes) is 1 or more, preferably 2 to 20 times.
- the temperature for the dispersion treatment is preferably 0 to 80 ° C.
- wet jet mills that can be used in the dispersion treatment include “Nanovaita (registered trademark)” (manufactured by Yoshida Kikai Kogyo Co., Ltd.), “BERYU SYSTEM PRO” (manufactured by Miebu Co., Ltd.), and ultra-high pressure wet atomizer (Yoshida Kogyo).
- the minimum flow path diameter of the wet jet mill is preferably 100 ⁇ m or more from the viewpoint of clogging suppression, and preferably 1000 ⁇ m or less from the viewpoint of effective pressure dispersion.
- the above mixture can be prepared by removing the organic solvent or dispersion medium from the obtained dispersion treatment liquid.
- removing the organic solvent or the dispersion medium for example, a coagulation method, a casting method, or a drying method can be used.
- the kneading of the mixture and the additive can be performed using, for example, a mixer, a single screw kneader, a twin screw kneader, a roll, a Brabender (registered trademark), an extruder, or the like.
- the molded body of the present invention can be obtained by molding the above-mentioned fluorine-containing elastomer composition into a desired shape.
- the molded body can be formed, for example, by putting the above-described fluorine-containing elastomer composition into a mold and arbitrarily cross-linking.
- the molded object formed using the fluorine-containing elastomer composition mentioned above contains the component derived from the component contained in the fluorine-containing elastomer composition in the ratio similar to a fluorine-containing elastomer composition.
- the molded body contains a crosslinked elastomer and a fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled CNTs at a predetermined ratio
- an additive such as an antioxidant is further contained.
- a molded object it can be set as a sealing member, for example.
- the shape of the seal member can be any shape depending on the application, and may be an annular shape (O-ring) or a hollow disk shape.
- the above-mentioned molded product can sufficiently improve both the tear strength at normal temperature and the tear strength at high temperature, and can have an appropriate hardness.
- the said crosslinked material has the following physical properties. That is, the crosslinked product is high temperature, the tensile energy to break of at eg 200 ° C. must be at 1.2 MJ / m 3 or more, preferably 1.3 mJ / m 3 or more, 1.4MJ / m 3 or more is more preferable, and 1.5 MJ / m 3 or more is particularly preferable.
- the tensile breaking energy at a high temperature for example, 200 ° C., can be 15 MJ / m 3 or less.
- the cross-linked product needs to have a tear strength at a high temperature, for example, 200 ° C., of 3 N / mm or more, preferably 3.5 N / mm or more, and more preferably 4 N / mm or more. , 4.5 N / mm or more is particularly preferable.
- the tear strength at a high temperature for example, 200 ° C.
- the cross-linked product can be 20 N / mm or less.
- the cross-linked product needs to have a durometer hardness of 45 to 90, preferably 50 to 90, more preferably 55 to 90, and particularly preferably 60 to 90.
- the “tensile breaking energy” of the crosslinked product can be measured in accordance with JIS K6251.
- the “tear strength (also referred to as“ tear strength ”)” of the crosslinked product can be measured according to JIS K6252.
- the “durometer hardness” of the crosslinked product can be measured using a type A durometer in accordance with JIS K6253.
- ⁇ Tensile fracture energy> The produced sheet-like cross-linked product was punched out in a dumbbell shape No. 3 to obtain a test piece.
- the obtained test piece was subjected to a tensile test at 200 ° C. until it broke according to JIS K6251, and the breaking energy (unit: MJ / m 3 ) was determined from the area of the stress-strain curve. The higher the tensile breaking energy at 200 ° C., the better the tensile strength at high temperatures.
- ⁇ Tear strength> The produced sheet-like cross-linked product was punched in an angled shape without a cut to obtain a test piece. About the obtained test piece, based on JISK6252, the tear strength was measured at 200 degreeC. When the tear strength at 200 ° C. is 3 to 20 N / mm, the tear strength at high temperature is excellent.
- ⁇ Durometer hardness> The produced sheet-like cross-linked product was punched out in a dumbbell shape No. 3 to obtain a test piece. About the obtained test piece, the durometer hardness in the temperature of 23 degreeC was measured based on JISK6253 using the type A durometer. When the durometer hardness is 45 to 90, the durometer has excellent flexibility and moderate hardness.
- Example 1 Preparation of fibrous carbon nanostructure containing single-walled carbon nanotube>
- Carbon nanotubes (SGCNT) as fibrous carbon nanostructures were prepared by the super-growth method according to the description in WO 2006/011655.
- the catalyst layer was formed on the surface of the substrate by a wet process, and a raw material gas mainly composed of acetylene was used.
- the obtained SGCNT mainly consists of single-walled CNT, and in the measurement with a Raman spectrophotometer, the spectrum of radial breathing mode (RBM) is observed in the low wave number region of 100 to 300 cm ⁇ 1 characteristic of single-walled CNT. It was.
- RBM radial breathing mode
- the BET specific surface area of SGCNT measured using a BET specific surface area meter (“BELSORP-max” manufactured by Nippon Bell Co., Ltd.) was 1050 m 2 / g (unopened).
- the diameter and length of 100 randomly selected SGCNTs were measured using a transmission electron microscope, and the average diameter (Av), standard deviation ( ⁇ ) and average length of SGCNT were obtained.
- the average diameter (Av) is 3.3 nm
- the standard deviation ( ⁇ ) multiplied by 3 (3 ⁇ ) is 1.9 nm
- the ratio (3 ⁇ / Av) is 0.58.
- the length was 500 ⁇ m.
- Example 2 Fluorine-containing elastomer in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 10.0 parts by mass (20 g) of carbon black (manufactured by Cancarb Limited, trade name “Thermax (registered trademark) N990”) as a reinforcing material was added during kneading. A sheet-like cross-linked product as a composition and a molded body was produced. The produced crosslinked product was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Triallyl isocyanurate (trade name “TAIC”, manufactured by Nippon Kasei Co., Ltd.) 5.0 parts by mass (10 g) as a crosslinking agent and 1,3-bis (t-butylperoxyisopropyl) benzene (GEO) as a crosslinking agent Specialty Chemicals Inc, trade name “Vul Cup 40KE”) 1.0 part by mass (2 g), as lubricant Except that the kneading stearate sodium 1.0 parts by weight and (2 g) in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a fluorine-containing elastomer composition.
- TAIC 1,3-bis (t-butylperoxyisopropyl) benzene
- Example 5 A fluorine-containing elastomer composition and molding in the same manner as in Example 4 except that 10.0 parts by mass (20 g) of carbon black (manufactured by Cancarb Limited, trade name “Thermax N990”) as a reinforcing material was added during kneading. A sheet-like cross-linked product as a body was produced. Evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 4. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 1 A fluorine-containing elastomer composition and a sheet as a molded body in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of SGCNT added to the fluorine-containing elastomer when preparing the mixture was changed to 10.0 parts by mass (20 g) A cross-linked product was produced. Then, evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 3 In the same manner as in Comparative Example 2, except that 5.0 parts by mass (10 g) of MWCNT (manufactured by Nanocyl SA, trade name “Nanosil NC7000”) was used instead of carbon black when preparing the mixture. A fluoroelastomer composition and a sheet-like cross-linked product as a molded product were produced. Then, evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the fluorine-containing elastomer composition which can form the molded object in which both the softness
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Abstract
Description
また、本発明は、柔軟性と、高温での引張破断エネルギーおよび高温での引裂強度との双方が充分に向上した、成形体を提供することを目的とする。
また、本発明によれば、柔軟性と高温での引張破断エネルギーおよび高温での引裂強度との双方が向上した成形体を提供することができる。
ここで、本発明に係る含フッ素エラストマー組成物は、パッキンやガスケット、Oリングなどのシール部材等の成形体の形成に用いられるものである。また、本発明に係るシール部材は、本発明に係る含フッ素エラストマー組成物を用いて形成することができ、例えば、石油や天然ガス等の地下資源を大深度で採掘する装置や、多種多様な機械や車両等における回転、往復または遥動する装置の軸まわりなどにおいて油をはじめとして水、溶剤等の液体や気体等の流体の漏洩を防止する部材として用いることができる。
本発明の含フッ素エラストマー組成物は、含フッ素エラストマーと、繊維状炭素ナノ構造体とを含有し、任意に架橋剤、補強材、酸化防止剤などの添加剤を更に含有する含フッ素エラストマー組成物である。そして、本発明の含フッ素エラストマー組成物では、繊維状炭素ナノ構造体として単層カーボンナノチューブを含む繊維状炭素ナノ構造体を使用する。
ここで、含フッ素エラストマー組成物の含フッ素エラストマーとしては、特に限定されることなく、成形体の形成に用いられる既知のフッ素ゴムを用いることができる。具体的には、含フッ素エラストマーとしては、例えば、フッ化ビニリデン系ゴム(FKM)、四フッ化エチレンプロピレン系ゴム(FEPM)、四フッ化エチレン-パーフルオロメチルビニルエーテル系ゴム(FFKM)、テトラフルオロエチレン系ゴム(TFE)などが挙げられる。これらは、1種単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。
上述した中でも、含フッ素エラストマーとしては、フッ化ビニリデン系ゴム(FKM)、四フッ化エチレン-プロピレン系ゴム(FEPM)が好ましく、四フッ化エチレン-プロピレン系ゴム(FEPM)がより好ましい。
繊維状炭素ナノ構造体としては、例えば、カーボンナノチューブ(CNT)等の円筒形状の炭素ナノ構造体や、炭素の六員環ネットワークが扁平筒状に形成されてなる炭素ナノ構造体等の非円筒形状の炭素ナノ構造体が挙げられる。そして、本発明の含フッ素エラストマー組成物では、単層CNTを含む繊維状炭素ナノ構造体を使用する。このように、単層CNTを含む繊維状炭素ナノ構造体を使用することで、柔軟性と常温および高温での引裂強度との双方が充分に向上したシール部材等の成形体を形成することができる。
また、含フッ素エラストマー組成物中の繊維状炭素ナノ構造体の含有量は、含フッ素エラストマー100質量部当たり、5質量部未満であることが必要であり、4.5質量部以下であることが好ましく、4質量部以下であることがより好ましく、3.5質量部以下であることが更に好ましい。繊維状炭素ナノ構造体の含有量が含フッ素エラストマー100質量部当たり5質量部以上である場合、適度な柔軟性を維持することができない。
そして、含フッ素エラストマー組成物を用いて形成した成形体において柔軟性と高温での引張破断エネルギーおよび高温での引裂強度との双方を向上させる観点からは、繊維状炭素ナノ構造体100本中の単層CNTの割合は、50本以上であることが好ましく、70本以上であることがより好ましく、90本以上であることが更に好ましい。
なお、単層CNTを含む繊維状炭素ナノ構造体は、CNTの開口処理が施されておらず、t-プロットが上に凸な形状を示すことがより好ましい。
(1)全表面への窒素分子の単分子吸着層形成過程
(2)多分子吸着層形成とそれに伴う細孔内での毛管凝縮充填過程
(3)細孔が窒素によって満たされた見かけ上の非多孔性表面への多分子吸着層形成過程
ここで、「屈曲点の位置」とは、t-プロットにおける、前述した(1)の過程の近似直線Aと、前述した(3)の過程の近似直線Bとの交点である。
また、単層CNTを含む繊維状炭素ナノ構造体の全比表面積S1および内部比表面積S2は、特に限定されないが、個別には、S1は、600m2/g以上1400m2/g以下であることが好ましく、800m2/g以上1200m2/g以下であることが更に好ましい。一方、S2は、30m2/g以上540m2/g以下であることが好ましい。
ここで、単層CNTを含む繊維状炭素ナノ構造体の全比表面積S1および内部比表面積S2は、そのt-プロットから求めることができる。具体的には、まず、(1)の過程の近似直線の傾きから全比表面積S1を、(3)の過程の近似直線の傾きから外部比表面積S3を、それぞれ求めることができる。そして、全比表面積S1から外部比表面積S3を差し引くことにより、内部比表面積S2を算出することができる。
なお、「繊維状炭素ナノ構造体の平均直径(Av)」および「繊維状炭素ナノ構造体の直径の標準偏差(σ:標本標準偏差)」は、それぞれ、透過型電子顕微鏡を用いて無作為に選択した繊維状炭素ナノ構造体100本の直径(外径)を測定して求めることができる。そして、単層CNTを含む繊維状炭素ナノ構造体の平均直径(Av)および標準偏差(σ)は、繊維状炭素ナノ構造体の製造方法や製造条件を変更することにより調整してもよいし、異なる製法で得られた繊維状炭素ナノ構造体を複数種類組み合わせることにより調整してもよい。
そして、単層CNTを含む繊維状炭素ナノ構造体のアスペクト比(長さ/直径)は、10を超えることが好ましい。なお、繊維状炭素ナノ構造体のアスペクト比は、透過型電子顕微鏡を用いて無作為に選択した繊維状炭素ナノ構造体100本の直径および長さを測定し、直径と長さとの比(長さ/直径)の平均値を算出することにより求めることができる。
なお、本発明において、「BET比表面積」とは、BET法を用いて測定した窒素吸着比表面積を指す。
ここで、「マイクロ孔容積(Vp)」は、単層CNTを含む繊維状炭素ナノ構造体の液体窒素温度(77K)での窒素吸着等温線を測定し、相対圧P/P0=0.19における窒素吸着量をVとして、式(I):Vp=(V/22414)×(M/ρ)より、算出することができる。なお、Pは吸着平衡時の測定圧力、P0は測定時の液体窒素の飽和蒸気圧であり、式(I)中、Mは吸着質(窒素)の分子量28.010、ρは吸着質(窒素)の77Kにおける密度0.808g/cm3である。マイクロ孔容積は、例えば、「BELSORP-mini」(日本ベル株式会社製)を使用して求めることができる。
ここで、GNTの断面形状において、「断面長手方向の中央部近傍」とは、断面の長手中心線(断面の長手方向中心を通り、長手方向線に直交する直線)から、断面の長手方向幅の30%以内の領域をいい、「断面長手方向の端部近傍」とは、「断面長手方向の中央部近傍」の長手方向外側の領域をいう。
含フッ素エラストマー組成物に任意に配合し得る添加剤としては、特に限定されることなく、架橋剤、架橋助剤、共架橋剤、補強材、滑剤、老化防止剤、カップリング剤などの既知の添加剤を用いることができる。
また、架橋助剤としては、特に限定されることなく、例えば亜鉛華などを用いることができる。
また、共架橋剤としては、特に限定されることなく、例えばトリアリルイソシアヌレートなどを用いることができる。
更に、補強材としては、特に限定されることなく、カーボンブラックやシリカなどを用いることができる。
滑剤としては、特に限定されることなく、ステアリン酸ソーダなどを用いることができる。
なお、含フッ素エラストマー組成物は、例えば、含フッ素エラストマーと、単層カーボンナノチューブを含む繊維状炭素ナノ構造体と、任意成分である添加剤とを、所望の配合比で混合または混練することにより調製することができる。
本発明の成形体は、上述した含フッ素エラストマー組成物を所望の形状に成形して得ることができる。具体的には、成形体は、例えば、上述した含フッ素エラストマー組成物を金型に投入し、任意に架橋させて形成することができる。そして、上述した含フッ素エラストマー組成物を用いて形成した成形体は、含フッ素エラストマー組成物に含まれていた成分に由来する成分を、含フッ素エラストマー組成物と同様の比率で含有する。即ち、成形体は、例えば含フッ素エラストマー組成物が架橋剤を含有していた場合には、架橋されたエラストマーと、単層CNTを含む繊維状炭素ナノ構造体とを所定の比率で含有し、任意に老化防止剤などの添加剤を更に含有する。
即ち、架橋物は、高温、例えば200℃での引張破断エネルギーが1.2MJ/m3以上であることが必要であり、1.3MJ/m3以上であることが好ましく、1.4MJ/m3以上であることが更に好ましく、1.5MJ/m3以上であることが特に好ましい。ここで、前記架橋物において、高温、例えば200℃での引張破断エネルギーが15MJ/m3以下とすることができる。
また、架橋物は、高温、例えば200℃での引裂強度が3N/mm以上であることが必要であり、3.5N/mm以上であることが好ましく、4N/mm以上であることが更に好ましく、4.5N/mm以上であることが特に好ましい。ここで、前記架橋物において、高温、例えば200℃での引裂強度は20N/mm以下とすることができる。
更に、架橋物は、デュロメータ硬さが45~90であることが必要であり、50~90であることが好ましく、55~90であることが更に好ましく、60~90であることが特に好ましい。
実施例および比較例において、架橋物の引張破断エネルギー、引裂強度およびデュロメータ硬さは、それぞれ以下の方法を使用して測定または評価した。
作製したシート状の架橋物をダンベル状3号形で打ち抜き、試験片を得た。得られた試験片について、JIS K6251に準拠し、200℃において引張試験を破断するまで実施し、応力-歪み曲線の面積から破断エネルギー(単位:MJ/m3)を求めた。200℃での引張破断エネルギーが高いほど、高温での引張強度に優れる。
作製したシート状の架橋物を切込みなしアングル形で打ち抜き、試験片を得た。得られた試験片について、JIS K6252に準拠し、200℃において引裂強度を測定した。200℃での引裂強度が3~20N/mmであると、高温での引裂強度に優れる。
作製したシート状の架橋物をダンベル状3号形で打ち抜き、試験片を得た。得られた試験片について、タイプAデュロメータを使用し、JIS K6253に準拠して温度23℃におけるデュロメータ硬さを測定した。当該デュロメータ硬さが45~90であると、柔軟性に優れ、適度な硬さを有する。
<単層カーボンナノチューブを含む繊維状炭素ナノ構造体の調製>
国際公開第2006/011655号の記載に従い、スーパーグロース法により繊維状炭素ナノ構造体としてのカーボンナノチューブ(SGCNT)を調製した。なお、SGCNTの調製時には、基材表面への触媒層の形成をウェットプロセスにより行い、アセチレンを主成分とする原料ガスを用いた。
得られたSGCNTは、主として単層CNTからなり、ラマン分光光度計での測定において、単層CNTに特長的な100~300cm-1の低波数領域にラジアルブリージングモード(RBM)のスペクトルが観察された。また、BET比表面積計(日本ベル株式会社製「BELSORP-max」)を用いて測定したSGCNTのBET比表面積は1050m2/g(未開口)であった。更に、透過型電子顕微鏡を用いて無作為に選択した100本のSGCNTの直径および長さを測定し、SGCNTの平均直径(Av)、直径の標準偏差(σ)および平均長さを求めたところ、平均直径(Av)は3.3nmであり、標準偏差(σ)に3を乗じた値(3σ)は1.9nmであり、それらの比(3σ/Av)は0.58であり、平均長さは500μmであった。更に、日本ベル株式会社製の「BELSORP-mini」を用いてSGCNTのt-プロットを測定したところ、t-プロットは、上に凸な形状で屈曲していた。そして、S2/S1は0.09であり、屈曲点の位置tは0.6nmであった。
[混合物の調製]
有機溶媒としてのメチルエチルケトン4000gに含フッ素エラストマーとしてのFKM(デュポンエラストマー株式会社製、バイトンGBL-200S)100.0質量部(200g)を加え、12時間撹拌して含フッ素エラストマーを溶解させた。なお、JIS K6300に準拠して測定した含フッ素エラストマーのムーニー粘度(ML1+10、121℃)は、25であった。
次に、得られた含フッ素エラストマー溶液に対し、SGCNTを4.5質量部(9g)加え、撹拌機(PRIMIX製、ラボ・リューション(登録商標))を用いて15分間撹拌した。更に、湿式ジェットミル(吉田機械興業株式会社製、L-ES007)を用いて、SGCNTを加えた溶液を100MPaで分散処理した。その後、得られた分散処理液を16kgの水へ滴下し、凝固させて黒色固体を得た。そして、得られた黒色固体を80℃で12時間減圧乾燥し、含フッ素エラストマーとSGCNTとの混合物を得た。
その後、15℃のオープンロールを用いて、含フッ素エラストマーとSGCNTとの混合物と、架橋助剤としての亜鉛華3.0質量部(6g)、共架橋剤としてのトリアリルイソシアヌレート(日本化成株式会社製、商品名「TAIC(登録商標)」)3.0質量部(6g)と、架橋剤としての2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ジ(t-ブチルペルオキシ)ヘキサン(日油株式会社製、商品名「パーヘキサ(登録商標)25B40」)2.0質量部(4g)とを混練し、含フッ素エラストマー組成物を得た。
得られた含フッ素エラストマー組成物を金型に投入し、温度170℃、圧力10MPaで20分間架橋させて、成形体としてのシート状の架橋物(長さ:150mm、幅:150mm、厚さ:2mm)を得た。次いで、得られた架橋物をギヤー式オーブンに移して230℃で2時間二次架橋させた。
そして、得られたシート状の架橋物を用いて架橋物の引張破断エネルギー、引裂強度およびデュロメータ硬さを測定した。結果を表1に示す。
混練時に補強材としてのカーボンブラック(Cancarb Limited社製、商品名「サーマックス(登録商標)N990」)10.0質量部(20g)を添加した以外は実施例1と同様にして、含フッ素エラストマー組成物および成形体としてのシート状の架橋物を作製した。作製した架橋物について、実施例1と同様にして評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
<含フッ素エラストマー組成物の調製>
混合物を調製する際に含フッ素エラストマーとしてFKMに替えてFEPM(旭硝子株式会社製、商品名「アフラス100S」)100.0質量部(200g)を使用し、分散媒としてテトラヒドロフラン4000gを使用し、SGCNTの添加量を3.0重量部(6g、実施例3)または2.0重量部(4g、実施例4)に変更し、また、混練の際に含フッ素エラストマーとSGCNTとの混合物と、共架橋剤としてのトリアリルイソシアヌレート(日本化成株式会社製、商品名「TAIC」)5.0質量部(10g)と、架橋剤としての1,3-ビス(t-ブチルペルオキシイソプロピル)ベンゼン(GEO Specialty Chemicals Inc製、商品名「Vul Cup 40KE」)1.0質量部(2g)、滑剤としてのステアリン酸ソーダ1.0質量部(2g)とを混練した以外は実施例1と同様にして、含フッ素エラストマー組成物を得た。
得られた含フッ素エラストマー組成物を金型に投入し、温度170℃、圧力10MPaで20分間架橋させて、成形体としてのシート状の架橋物(長さ:150mm、幅:150mm、厚さ:2mm)を得た。次いで、得られた架橋物をギヤー式オーブンに移して200℃で4時間二次架橋させた。
そして、得られたシート状の架橋物を用いて架橋物の引張破断エネルギー、引裂強度およびデュロメータ硬さを測定した。結果を表1に示す。
混練時に補強材としてのカーボンブラック(Cancarb Limited社製、商品名「サーマックスN990」)10.0質量部(20g)を添加した以外は実施例4と同様にして、含フッ素エラストマー組成物および成形体としてのシート状の架橋物を作製した。そして、実施例4と同様にして評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
混合物を調製する際に含フッ素エラストマーに対して添加するSGCNTの量を10.0質量部(20g)に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、含フッ素エラストマー組成物および成形体としてのシート状の架橋物を作製した。そして、実施例1と同様にして評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
混合物を調製する際に、湿式ジェットミルに替えてオープンロールを用い、含フッ素エラストマーとしてのFKM(デュポンエラストマー株式会社製、バイトンGBL-200S)100.0質量部(200g)、SGCNTに替えてカーボンブラック(Cancarb Limited社製、商品名「サーマックスN990」)45.0質量部(90g)、架橋助剤としての亜鉛華3.0質量部(6g)、共架橋剤としてのトリアリルイソシアヌレート3.0質量部(6g)と、架橋剤としての2,5-ジメチル-2,5-ジ(t-ブチルペルオキシ)ヘキサン2.0質量部(4g)とを混練した以外は実施例1と同様にして、含フッ素エラストマー組成物および成形体としてのシート状の架橋物を作製した。そして、実施例1と同様にして評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
混合物を調製する際にカーボンブラックに替えてMWCNT(Nanocyl S.A.社製、商品名「ナノシルNC7000」)5.0質量部(10g)を使用した以外は比較例2と同様にして、含フッ素エラストマー組成物および成形体としてのシート状の架橋物を作製した。そして、実施例1と同様にして評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
混合物を調製する際に含フッ素エラストマーとしてFKMに替えてFEPM(旭硝子株式会社製、商品名「アフラス100S」)100.0質量部(200g)、カーボンブラック(Cancarb Limited社製、商品名「サーマックスN990」)30.0質量部(60g)、共架橋剤としてのトリアリルイソシアヌレート(日本化成株式会社製、商品名「TAIC」)5.0質量部(10g)と、架橋剤としての1,3-ビス(t-ブチルペルオキシイソプロピル)ベンゼン(GEO Specialty Chemicals Inc製、商品名「Vul Cup 40KE」)1.0質量部(2g)、滑剤としてのステアリン酸ソーダ1.0質量部(2g)とを混練した以外は比較例2と同様にして、含フッ素エラストマー組成物および成形体としてのシート状の架橋物を作製した。そして、実施例1と同様にして評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
特に、表1の実施例2および5より、カーボンブラックを更に含むことによって、成形体の柔軟性(硬さ)と引張破断エネルギーおよび引裂強度とをバランスよく向上させ得ることが分かる。
また、本発明によれば、柔軟性と高温での引張破断エネルギーおよび高温での引裂強度との双方が充分に向上した成形体を提供することができる。
Claims (8)
- 含フッ素エラストマーと、繊維状炭素ナノ構造体とを含有する含フッ素エラストマー組成物であって、
前記繊維状炭素ナノ構造体は、単層カーボンナノチューブを含み、
前記含フッ素エラストマー100質量部当たり、前記繊維状炭素ナノ構造体を0.1質量部以上5.0質量部未満の割合で含有する、含フッ素エラストマー組成物。 - 前記繊維状炭素ナノ構造体は、吸着等温線から得られるt-プロットが上に凸な形状を示す、請求項1に記載の含フッ素エラストマー組成物。
- 前記t-プロットの屈曲点が、0.2≦t(nm)≦1.5の範囲にある、請求項2に記載の含フッ素エラストマー組成物。
- 前記t-プロットから得られる全比表面積S1および内部比表面積S2が、0.05≦S2/S1≦0.30を満たす、請求項2または3に記載の含フッ素エラストマー組成物。
- 前記繊維状炭素ナノ構造体の平均直径が2nm以上10nm以下である、請求項1~4の何れか1項に記載の含フッ素エラストマー組成物。
- 架橋剤を更に含有する、請求項1~5の何れか1項に記載の含フッ素エラストマー組成物。
- カーボンブラックを更に含有する、請求項1~6の何れか1項に記載の含フッ素エラストマー組成物。
- 請求項1~7の何れか1項に記載の含フッ素エラストマー組成物を用いて形成した、成形体。
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JP7476613B2 (ja) | 2020-03-27 | 2024-05-01 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | エラストマー成形体およびその使用方法、ならびに半導体製造装置 |
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JPWO2017175807A1 (ja) | 2019-02-14 |
EP3441426A1 (en) | 2019-02-13 |
EP3441426A4 (en) | 2020-02-12 |
EP3441426B1 (en) | 2022-01-05 |
US10982083B2 (en) | 2021-04-20 |
KR102285902B1 (ko) | 2021-08-03 |
CN108884288B (zh) | 2021-11-09 |
US20190112465A1 (en) | 2019-04-18 |
KR20180133246A (ko) | 2018-12-13 |
JP7056556B2 (ja) | 2022-04-19 |
CN108884288A (zh) | 2018-11-23 |
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