WO2017161654A1 - 扬声器单体、扬声器系统及调整振膜的振动位移的方法 - Google Patents

扬声器单体、扬声器系统及调整振膜的振动位移的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017161654A1
WO2017161654A1 PCT/CN2016/082370 CN2016082370W WO2017161654A1 WO 2017161654 A1 WO2017161654 A1 WO 2017161654A1 CN 2016082370 W CN2016082370 W CN 2016082370W WO 2017161654 A1 WO2017161654 A1 WO 2017161654A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
diaphragm
voice coil
vibration displacement
vibrating
vibration
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2016/082370
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
汲鹏程
杨鑫峰
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Goertek Inc
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Goertek Inc
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Publication of WO2017161654A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017161654A1/zh
Priority to US16/138,808 priority Critical patent/US10715907B2/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2811—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/025—Arrangements for fixing loudspeaker transducers, e.g. in a box, furniture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
    • H04R29/001—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers
    • H04R29/003—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for loudspeakers of the moving-coil type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers
    • H04R3/007—Protection circuits for transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2209/00—Details of transducers of the moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type covered by H04R9/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2209/041—Voice coil arrangements comprising more than one voice coil unit on the same bobbin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electroacoustics, and more particularly to a speaker unit, a speaker system to which the speaker unit is applied, and a method of adjusting the vibration displacement of the diaphragm.
  • the common speakers mainly include moving coil speakers, electromagnetic speakers, capacitive speakers, piezoelectric speakers, etc.
  • the moving coil type speakers have the characteristics of relatively simple production, low cost, and good low frequency sounding. It has been widely used.
  • the existing moving coil speaker usually includes a speaker module housing and a speaker unit.
  • the typical structure of the speaker unit includes a vibration system, a magnetic circuit system and an auxiliary system.
  • the auxiliary system generally includes a vibration system and a magnetic circuit.
  • the outer casing of the system, the vibration system includes a diaphragm, a vibrating voice coil fixed to one side of the diaphragm, and a DOME (ball top) fixed at a center position of the diaphragm, the magnetic circuit system including a basin frame and a magnet fixed on the basin frame And Huasi.
  • Smart PA Intelligent Power Amplifier
  • Smart PA increases the vibration of the diaphragm by increasing the output voltage output to the vibrating voice coil. Displacement, and can detect the waveform returned from the vibrating voice coil.
  • algorithm processing mechanism to analyze and adjust the output voltage output to the vibrating voice coil according to the waveform of the electric signal, so as to protect the diaphragm under the premise of increasing the volume of the speaker. purpose.
  • the algorithm processing mechanism of the Smart PA presets an output voltage upper limit value, and the processing mechanism of the algorithm ensures output to the vibrating voice coil.
  • the vibration displacement of the diaphragm under the action of the output voltage is always less than a certain preset safety displacement. This method is not the actual value of the vibration displacement value of the diaphragm. This makes the actual vibration displacement of the diaphragm possibly smaller or larger than the amplitude of the diaphragm.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method for adjusting the vibration displacement of a diaphragm to fully exert the performance of the diaphragm and improve the acoustic performance of the speaker under the premise of protecting the diaphragm.
  • a method of adjusting a vibration displacement of a diaphragm comprising:
  • the obtaining the vibration displacement of the diaphragm comprises:
  • the vibration displacement of the diaphragm is obtained by the distance between the vibrating voice coil and the fixed voice coil.
  • the design amplitude of the diaphragm is 80% of the amplitude of the diaphragm.
  • the vibration displacement of the diaphragm is greater than the design amplitude of the diaphragm
  • the designed amplitude of the film is 0.02 mm
  • the output voltage of the Smart PA output to the vibrating voice coil is increased until the vibration displacement of the diaphragm is equal to the design amplitude of the diaphragm.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a speaker unit for more conveniently collecting an induced electromotive force generated in a fixed voice coil due to a change in current of a vibrating voice coil, thereby directly acquiring a vibration displacement of the diaphragm.
  • a speaker unit provided by the present invention includes a vibration system, a magnetic circuit system, an auxiliary system, and a fixed voice coil, wherein the vibration system includes a diaphragm and is fixed to one side of the diaphragm. a vibrating voice coil and a DOME fixed to a center position of the diaphragm, the magnetic circuit system including a basin frame, a magnet fixed to the basin frame, and a washer, the auxiliary system including a housing system for housing the vibration system An outer casing of the magnetic circuit system, the fixed voice coil being disposed around the magnet of the magnetic circuit system and fixedly coupled to the basin frame of the magnetic circuit system.
  • the shape of the fixed voice coil matches the shape of the vibrating voice coil of the vibration system.
  • the edge of the basin frame is provided with side walls extending in the direction of the vibrating voice coil.
  • the outer casing is provided with a fixed voice coil pad adjacent to the surface of the basin frame, and the fixed voice coil is connected to the fixed single-turn pad by a wire.
  • a speaker system provided by the present invention includes a diaphragm control module, a Smart PA, and a speaker unit of the present invention
  • the diaphragm control module is configured to collect a current of the vibrating voice coil to obtain a current change rate of the vibrating voice coil, and an induced electromotive force generated in the fixed voice coil caused by a current change of the vibrating voice coil, And obtaining a distance between the vibrating voice coil and the fixed voice coil by the induced electromotive force and a current change rate of the vibrating voice coil, and between the vibrating voice coil and the fixed voice coil a distance obtained by obtaining a vibration displacement of the diaphragm, and when the vibration displacement of the diaphragm is smaller than a design amplitude of the diaphragm, emitting a signal for increasing an output voltage of the Smart PA output to the vibrating voice coil until The vibration displacement of the diaphragm is equal to the design amplitude of the diaphragm, and when the vibration displacement of the diaphragm is equal to the design amplitude of the diaphragm, an output voltage for maintaining the output of the Smart PA to the vibrating voice coil is
  • the diaphragm control module is further configured to:
  • a signal for reducing an output voltage of the Smart PA output to the vibrating voice coil is first emitted until the vibration displacement of the diaphragm is greater than the vibration
  • the designed amplitude of the film is 0.02 mm, and a signal for increasing the output voltage of the Smart PA output to the vibrating voice coil is emitted until the vibration displacement of the diaphragm is equal to the design amplitude of the diaphragm.
  • the inventors of the present invention have found that in the prior art, there is a problem that the performance of the diaphragm cannot be sufficiently exerted. Therefore, the technical task to be achieved by the present invention or the technical problem to be solved is not thought of or expected by those skilled in the art, so the present invention is a new technical solution.
  • An advantageous effect of the present invention is that the method for adjusting the vibration displacement of the diaphragm of the present invention associates the vibration displacement of the diaphragm with the Smart PA, and the vibration displacement of the diaphragm is vibrated by direct monitoring of the vibration displacement of the diaphragm.
  • the design amplitude of the membrane is adjusted so that the vibration displacement of the diaphragm can approach the amplitude of the diaphragm, which is beneficial to fully exert the performance of the diaphragm under the premise of protecting the diaphragm and ensure the acoustic performance of the speaker.
  • Another advantageous effect of the present invention is that the arrangement of the fixed voice coil of the speaker unit of the present invention facilitates more convenient collection of the induced electromotive force generated in the fixed voice coil caused by the current change of the vibrating voice coil, thereby facilitating the acquisition. Vibration displacement of the diaphragm.
  • the speaker system of the present invention monitors the vibration displacement of the diaphragm through the diaphragm control module, and adjusts the vibration displacement of the diaphragm according to the design amplitude of the diaphragm, so that the vibration displacement of the diaphragm can be Proximity to the amplitude of the diaphragm helps to fully utilize the performance of the diaphragm under the premise of protecting the diaphragm and ensure the acoustic performance of the speaker.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a first embodiment of a method for adjusting a vibration displacement of a diaphragm according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a second embodiment of a method for adjusting vibration displacement of a diaphragm according to the present invention
  • Figure 3 is an exploded view of an embodiment of a speaker unit of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a speaker unit of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is an electrical schematic diagram of an embodiment of a speaker system of the present invention.
  • Speaker unit-1 diaphragm-11, vibrating voice coil-12, DOME-13, basin bracket-14, side wall-141, magnet-15, washer-16, outer casing-17, fixed voice coil -18, Lead-181, Diaphragm Control Module-2, Smart PA-3.
  • the present invention proposes a method for adjusting the vibration displacement of the diaphragm. As shown in FIG. 1, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step S1 Acquiring the vibration displacement of the diaphragm, and obtaining the vibration displacement of the diaphragm may be various, for example, using the vibration displacement sensor to collect the vibration displacement data, etc., and those skilled in the art may flexibly select according to actual needs;
  • Step S201 when the vibration displacement of the diaphragm is smaller than the design amplitude of the diaphragm, increase The output voltage of the large Smart PA output to the vibrating voice coil until the vibration displacement of the diaphragm is equal to the design amplitude of the diaphragm, and the design amplitude of the diaphragm refers to allowing the diaphragm to reach under the safe working condition of the diaphragm.
  • the maximum vibration displacement, the design amplitude of the diaphragm is usually smaller than the amplitude of the diaphragm.
  • the range of the design amplitude of the diaphragm can be selected according to the acoustic performance requirements of the speaker.
  • the Smart PA is prevented from being output to the vibration sound.
  • the instantaneous increase of the output voltage of the coil causes the vibration displacement of the diaphragm to increase instantaneously.
  • the output voltage output from the Smart PA to the vibrating voice coil can be increased by an equal step or rapidly increased to a certain value and then slowly increased.
  • the method is as large as the target value, and when the vibration displacement of the diaphragm is equal to the design amplitude of the diaphragm, the output voltage of the Smart PA output to the vibrating voice coil can be maintained to maintain the vibration displacement of the diaphragm at the design amplitude of the diaphragm;
  • Step S202 when the vibration displacement of the diaphragm is equal to the design amplitude of the diaphragm, maintaining the output voltage of the Smart PA output to the vibrating voice coil such that the vibration displacement of the diaphragm is equal to the diaphragm
  • the design amplitude because the output voltage of the Smart PA output to the vibrating voice coil cannot be stabilized at a certain value in practical applications, the output voltage value that can make the vibration displacement of the diaphragm equal to the design amplitude of the diaphragm can be understood as the output voltage.
  • the output voltage vibrates in the form of a sine wave
  • the vibration mode of the sine wave causes the vibration displacement of the diaphragm to vibrate within a range of ⁇ 0.02 mm
  • the vibration mode of the output voltage can also prevent vibration
  • the film is damaged by fatigue due to long-term high vibration
  • Step S203 when the vibration displacement of the diaphragm is greater than the design amplitude of the diaphragm, reduce the output voltage of the Smart PA output to the vibrating voice coil, in order to better protect the diaphragm and prevent the Smart PA output.
  • the instantaneous decrease of the output voltage to the vibrating voice coil causes the vibration displacement of the diaphragm to decrease instantaneously.
  • the output voltage output from the Smart PA to the vibrating voice coil can be realized by an equal step size reduction.
  • the output voltage of the Smart PA output to the vibrating voice coil can be increased until the diaphragm's vibration displacement is equal to the diaphragm's design amplitude.
  • the present invention monitors the vibration displacement of the diaphragm in real time through the vibration displacement of the diaphragm and the diaphragm.
  • the output voltage of the Smart PA output to the vibrating voice coil is adjusted so that the vibration displacement of the diaphragm can reach the design amplitude of the diaphragm, so that the actual vibration displacement of the diaphragm can be as close as possible to the amplitude of the diaphragm within a safe range.
  • the method for adjusting the vibration displacement of the diaphragm of the invention has the vibration displacement of the diaphragm and the Smart PA Together, through the direct monitoring of the vibration displacement of the diaphragm, the vibration displacement of the diaphragm is adjusted according to the design amplitude of the diaphragm, so that the vibration displacement of the diaphragm can approach the amplitude of the diaphragm, which is beneficial to the protection of the diaphragm. Under the premise, the performance of the diaphragm can be fully utilized to ensure the acoustic performance of the speaker.
  • the obtaining the vibration displacement of the diaphragm in step S1 may include the following steps:
  • Step S1a acquiring a current change rate of the vibrating voice coil, and an induced electromotive force generated in the fixed voice coil caused by a current change of the vibrating voice coil, and the current change rate of the vibrating voice coil may be collected for a certain period of time.
  • the inner current flows through the vibrating voice coil.
  • the fixed voice coil refers to a fixed-position voice coil structure. When the audio current flows through the vibrating voice coil, a magnetic field that changes with the audio current is generated. The magnetic flux changes to generate an induced electromotive force in the fixed voice coil;
  • Step S1b obtaining a distance between the vibrating voice coil and the fixed voice coil by the induced electromotive force and a current change rate of the vibrating voice coil, and obtaining the distance between the vibrating voice coil and the fixed voice coil
  • an induced electromotive force can be established.
  • the relationship table can be obtained experimentally or calculated, and the relationship table can be found in a certain induced electromotive force.
  • the experimentally derived data can also fit the equation of the current change rate of a vibrating voice coil, the induced electromotive force of a fixed voice coil, and the distance between the vibrating voice coil and the fixed voice coil, for example.
  • ⁇ is the induced electromotive force of the fixed voice coil
  • M is a function related to the distance between the vibrating voice coil and the fixed voice coil
  • dI/dt is the current change rate of the vibrating voice coil, for example, by a component pair such as a central processing unit Obtaining the induced electromotive force and the current of the vibrating voice coil to obtain a value of the distance between the vibrating voice coil and the fixed voice coil;
  • Step S1c obtaining the vibration by the distance between the vibrating voice coil and the fixed voice coil
  • the vibration displacement of the film is fixed because the position of the fixed voice coil is fixed, and the vibrating voice coil vibrates when there is an audio current. Therefore, the distance between the vibrating voice coil and the fixed voice coil after the vibrating voice coil is energized is subtracted from the vibrating sound before energization.
  • the vibration displacement of the diaphragm can be obtained by the distance between the ring and the fixed voice coil.
  • the method of acquiring the vibration displacement of the diaphragm is more sensitive and reliable than the conventional method of obtaining the vibration displacement by the vibration displacement sensor, which is advantageous. Flexibly monitor the vibration displacement of the diaphragm.
  • the design amplitude of the diaphragm is 80% of the amplitude of the diaphragm.
  • step S203 may further include the following steps:
  • the vibration displacement of the diaphragm is greater than the design amplitude of the diaphragm
  • the amplitude is small by 0.02 mm
  • the output voltage of the Smart PA output to the vibrating voice coil is increased until the vibration displacement of the diaphragm is equal to the design amplitude of the diaphragm, so that not only the diaphragm is better protected, but also the diaphragm is better protected.
  • the performance of the diaphragm can be fully utilized.
  • the invention also provides a speaker unit 1 which can more conveniently collect and fix a fixed voice coil caused by a current change of the vibrating voice coil under the premise of changing the structure of the existing moving coil speaker as small as possible.
  • the resulting induced electromotive force as shown in FIGS.
  • the speaker unit 1 of the present invention includes a vibration system, a magnetic circuit system, an auxiliary system, and a fixed voice coil 18, wherein the vibration system includes a diaphragm 11 and is fixed to a vibration voice coil 12 on one side of the diaphragm 11 and a DOME 13 fixed to a center position of the diaphragm, the magnetic circuit system including a basin frame 14, a magnet 15 fixed to the basin frame 14, and a washer 16,
  • the auxiliary system includes a housing 17 for housing the vibration system and the magnetic circuit system, the fixed voice coil 18 being disposed around the magnet 15 of the magnetic circuit system and fixedly coupled to the basin frame 14 of the magnetic circuit system
  • the above fixed connection can be achieved by bonding or the like.
  • the fixed voice coil 18 Since the fixed voice coil 18 is only used to collect the induced electromotive force, the volume of the fixed voice coil 18 can be reduced as much as possible, and the height of the fixed voice coil 18 can be adjusted so as not to affect the structure of other components of the existing moving coil speaker. Choose to be less than 5mm.
  • the arrangement of the speaker unit of the invention through the fixed voice coil facilitates more convenient acquisition of the induced electromotive force generated in the fixed voice coil caused by the current change of the vibrating voice coil, thereby facilitating the acquisition. Vibration displacement of the diaphragm.
  • Obtaining the vibration displacement of the diaphragm 11 described above may include the following steps:
  • the current change rate of the vibrating voice coil 12 and the induced electromotive force generated in the fixed voice coil 18 due to the change of the current of the vibrating voice coil 12 are obtained, and the current change rate of the vibrating voice coil 12 can be collected by collecting the flow in a certain period of time.
  • the distance between the vibrating voice coil 12 and the fixed voice coil 18 is obtained by the induced electromotive force and the current change rate of the vibrating voice coil 12.
  • the above process of obtaining the distance between the vibrating voice coil 12 and the fixed voice coil 18 can be as follows achieve:
  • the relationship table may be obtained experimentally or calculated, and the relationship table may be The relationship between the current change rate of the vibrating voice coil 12 and the distance between the vibrating voice coil 12 and the fixed voice coil 18 under a certain induced electromotive force is detected, for example, when the induced electromotive force is determined, it can be found by the above relationship table. a value of a distance between the vibrating voice coil 12 and the fixed voice coil 18 corresponding to the rate of change of the current of the vibrating voice coil 12;
  • the experimentally derived correlation data can also fit the equation of the current change rate of the vibrating voice coil 12, the induced electromotive force of the fixed voice coil 18, and the distance between the vibrating voice coil 12 and the fixed voice coil 18, for example.
  • ⁇ is the induced electromotive force of the fixed voice coil 18
  • M is a function related to the distance between the vibrating voice coil 12 and the fixed voice coil 18
  • dI/dt is the current change rate of the vibrating voice coil 12, for example, by central processing
  • the component or the like processes the acquired induced electromotive force and the current of the vibrating voice coil 12 to obtain a value of the distance between the vibrating voice coil 12 and the fixed voice coil 18;
  • the vibration displacement of the diaphragm 11 is obtained by the distance between the vibrating voice coil 12 and the fixed voice coil 18. Since the position of the fixed voice coil 18 is fixed, the vibrating voice coil 12 vibrates when an audio current passes, and thus the vibration sound
  • the vibration displacement of the diaphragm 11 can be obtained by subtracting the distance between the vibrating voice coil 12 and the fixed voice coil 18 before energization after the coil 12 is energized.
  • the method of acquiring the vibration displacement of the diaphragm 11 is more sensitive and reliable than the conventional method of acquiring the vibration displacement by the vibration displacement sensor, and is advantageous for flexibly monitoring the vibration displacement of the diaphragm 11.
  • the shape of the fixed voice coil 18 matches the shape of the vibrating voice coil 12 of the vibration system.
  • the edge of the basin frame 14 is provided with side walls 141 extending in the direction of the vibrating voice coil 12.
  • the outer casing 17 is adjacent to The surface of the basin frame 14 is provided with a fixed voice coil pad (not shown), and the fixed voice coil 18 is connected to the fixed single-turn pad by a wire 181.
  • the present invention further provides a speaker system, as shown in FIG. 5, comprising a diaphragm control module 2, a Smart PA3, and a speaker unit 1 of the present invention;
  • the diaphragm control module 2 is configured to collect a current of the vibrating voice coil 12 to obtain a current change rate of the vibrating voice coil 12, and generate the fixed voice coil 18 due to a current change of the vibrating voice coil 12. Inducing an electromotive force, and obtaining a distance between the vibrating voice coil 12 and the fixed voice coil 18 by the induced electromotive force and a current change rate of the vibrating voice coil 12, and the vibrating voice coil 12 and the distance between the fixed voice coils 18, the vibration displacement of the diaphragm 11 is obtained, and when the vibration displacement of the diaphragm 11 is smaller than the design amplitude of the diaphragm 11, the increase is increased.
  • the design amplitude of the diaphragm 11 described above refers to the maximum vibration displacement that the diaphragm 11 is allowed to reach under the safe operating conditions of the diaphragm 11.
  • the speaker system of the present invention monitors the vibration displacement of the diaphragm 11 by the diaphragm control module 2. Controlling, the vibration displacement of the diaphragm 11 is adjusted according to the design amplitude of the diaphragm 11, so that the vibration displacement of the diaphragm 11 can approach the amplitude of the diaphragm 11, which is advantageous for fully utilizing the diaphragm under the premise of protecting the diaphragm 11. 11 performance to ensure the acoustic performance of the speaker.
  • the diaphragm control module 2 is also used to:

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种扬声器单体、扬声器系统及调整振膜的振动位移的方法，其中调整振膜的振动位移的方法，包括：获取振膜的振动位移；当振动位移小于振膜的设计振幅时，增大Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压直至振动位移等于设计振幅；当振动位移等于设计振幅时，保持Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压以使振动位移等于设计振幅；当振动位移大于设计振幅时，减小Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压。本发明调整振膜的振动位移的方法将振膜的振动位移与Smart PA关联在一起，通过对振膜的振动位移的直接监控，将振膜的振动位移按振膜的设计振幅进行调整，使得振膜的振动位移可接近振膜的振幅，有利于在保护振膜的前提下更加充分的发挥振膜的性能，保证扬声器的声学性能。

Description

扬声器单体、扬声器系统及调整振膜的振动位移的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电声领域，更具体地，涉及一种扬声器单体，应用了该扬声器单体的扬声器系统，及调整振膜的振动位移的方法。
背景技术
扬声器作为一种用于手机、电视、计算机等电子产品的发声器件，被广泛应用于人们的日常生产和生活中。目前常见的扬声器主要有动圈式扬声器、电磁式扬声器、电容式扬声器、压电式扬声器等，其中的动圈式扬声器因具有制作相对简单、成本低廉、有较好的低频发声优势等特点，而得以广泛应用。
现有的动圈式扬声器通常包括扬声器模组壳体和扬声器单体，其中，扬声器单体的典型结构包括振动系统、磁路系统及辅助系统，上述辅助系统通常包括可收容振动系统和磁路系统的外壳，上述振动系统包括振膜、固定于振膜一侧的振动音圈及固定于振膜中心位置的DOME(球顶部)，上述磁路系统包括盆架、固定在盆架上的磁铁和华司。
为了提高扬声器的声学性能和防止扬声器受到损坏，Smart PA(智能功率放大器)越来越多地应用于扬声器领域中，Smart PA通过增大输出至振动音圈的输出电压来增大振膜的振动位移，并可检测自振动音圈返回的波形，有一套算法处理机制根据该电信号波形分析、调整输出至振动音圈的输出电压，从而达到在增大扬声器的音量的前提下保护振膜的目的。特别地，为了防止自Smart PA输出的电压值过大导致振膜的振动位移过大，Smart PA的算法处理机制中预设有一输出电压上限值，该算法处理机制确保输出至振动音圈的输出电压作用下振膜的振动位移始终小于某预设的安全位移。此法并非振膜振动位移值的实际值，这使得振膜的实际振动位移有可能小于甚至大于振膜的振幅，振膜的性能无法充分发挥，直接影响到 扬声器的声学性能，而实际位移过大而通过此法未能有效识别的时候，也会发生振膜失效，从而导致扬声器失效的可能。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种调整振膜的振动位移的方法，以在保护振膜的前提下充分发挥振膜的性能，提高扬声器的声学性能。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种调整振膜的振动位移的方法，包括：
获取振膜的振动位移；
当所述振膜的振动位移小于所述振膜的设计振幅时，增大Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压直至所述振膜的振动位移等于所述振膜的设计振幅；
当所述振膜的振动位移等于所述振膜的设计振幅时，保持所述Smart PA输出至所述振动音圈的输出电压以使所述振膜的振动位移等于所述振膜的设计振幅；
当所述振膜的振动位移大于所述振膜的设计振幅时，减小所述Smart PA输出至所述振动音圈的输出电压。
优选地，所述获取振膜的振动位移包括：
获取所述振动音圈的电流变化率，及因所述振动音圈的电流变化导致的固定音圈内产生的感生电动势；
由所述感生电动势和所述振动音圈的电流变化率，获得所述振动音圈和所述固定音圈之间的距离；
由所述振动音圈和所述固定音圈之间的距离，获得所述振膜的振动位移。
优选地，所述振膜的设计振幅为所述振膜的振幅的80％。
优选地，当所述振膜的振动位移大于所述振膜的设计振幅时，先减小所述Smart PA输出至所述振动音圈的输出电压直至所述振膜的振动位移比所述振膜的设计振幅小0.02mm，再增大所述Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压直至所述振膜的振动位移等于所述振膜的设计振幅。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种扬声器单体，以更方便地采集因振动音圈的电流变化导致的固定音圈内产生的感生电动势，从而直接获取振膜的振动位移。
根据本发明的第二方面，本发明提供的扬声器单体，包括振动系统、磁路系统、辅助系统和固定音圈，其中，所述振动系统包括振膜、固定于所述振膜一侧的振动音圈及固定于所述振膜中心位置的DOME，所述磁路系统包括盆架、固定在盆架上的磁铁和华司，所述辅助系统包括用于收容所述振动系统和所述磁路系统的外壳，所述固定音圈环绕所述磁路系统的磁铁设置，并与所述磁路系统的盆架固定连接。
优选地，所述固定音圈的形状与所述振动系统的振动音圈的形状相匹配。
优选地，所述盆架的边缘设有朝向所述振动音圈的方向延伸的侧壁。
优选地，所述外壳邻近所述盆架的表面上设有固定音圈焊盘，所述固定音圈通过引线与所述固定单圈焊盘相连接。
根据本发明的又一目的是提供一种扬声器系统，以更方便地增大Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压，从而充分发挥振膜的性能，提高扬声器的声学性能。
根据本发明的第三方面，本发明提供的扬声器系统，包括振膜控制模块、Smart PA和本发明的扬声器单体；其中，
所述振膜控制模块用于采集振动音圈的电流以获取所述振动音圈的电流变化率，及因所述振动音圈的电流变化导致的所述固定音圈内产生的感生电动势，并由所述感生电动势和所述振动音圈的电流变化率，获得所述振动音圈和所述固定音圈之间的距离，以及由所述振动音圈和所述固定音圈之间的距离，获得所述振膜的振动位移，还有当所述振膜的振动位移小于所述振膜的设计振幅时，发出增大所述Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压的信号直至所述振膜的振动位移等于所述振膜的设计振幅，当所述振膜的振动位移等于所述振膜的设计振幅时，发出保持所述Smart PA输出至所述振动音圈的输出电压的信号以使所述振膜的振动位移等于所述振膜的设计振幅，当所述振膜的振动位移大于所述振膜的设计振幅时，发出减 小所述Smart PA输出至所述振动音圈的输出电压的信号。
优选地，所述振膜控制模块还用于：
当所述振膜的振动位移大于所述振膜的设计振幅时，先发出减小所述Smart PA输出至所述振动音圈的输出电压的信号直至所述振膜的振动位移比所述振膜的设计振幅小0.02mm，再发出增大所述Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压的信号直至所述振膜的振动位移等于所述振膜的设计振幅。
本发明的发明人发现，在现有技术中，存在振膜的性能无法充分发挥的问题。因此，本发明所要实现的技术任务或者所要解决的技术问题是本领域技术人员从未想到的或者没有预期到的，故本发明是一种新的技术方案。
本发明的一个有益效果在于，本发明调整振膜的振动位移的方法将振膜的振动位移与Smart PA关联在一起，通过对振膜的振动位移的直接监控，将振膜的振动位移按振膜的设计振幅进行调整，使得振膜的振动位移可接近振膜的振幅，有利于在保护振膜的前提下更加充分的发挥振膜的性能，保证扬声器的声学性能。
本发明的另一个有益效果在于，本发明扬声器单体通过固定音圈的设置有利于更方便地采集因振动音圈的电流变化导致的固定音圈内产生的感生电动势，从而更方便地获取振膜的振动位移。
本发明还有一个有益效果在于，本发明的扬声器系统通过振膜控制模块对振膜的振动位移的监控，将振膜的振动位移根据振膜的设计振幅进行调整，使得振膜的振动位移可接近振膜的振幅，有利于在保护振膜的前提下更加充分的发挥振膜的性能，保证扬声器的声学性能。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1为本发明调整振膜的振动位移的方法的第一种实施方式的流程图；
图2为本发明调整振膜的振动位移的方法的第二种实施方式的流程图；
图3为本发明扬声器单体实施例的爆炸图；
图4为本发明扬声器单体实施例的局部剖面图；
图5为本发明扬声器系统实施例的电气示意图。
图中标示如下：
扬声器单体-1，振膜-11，振动音圈-12，DOME-13，盆架-14，侧壁-141，磁铁-15，华司-16，外壳-17，固定音圈-18，引线-181，振膜控制模块-2，Smart PA-3。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
本发明为了充分利用振膜的性能，提出了一种调整振膜的振动位移的方法，如图1所示，该方法包括如下步骤：
步骤S1：获取振膜的振动位移，对于振膜的振动位移获取方式可有多种，例如利用振动位移传感器采集振动位移数据等，本领域技术人员可根据实际需求灵活选择；
步骤S201：当所述振膜的振动位移小于所述振膜的设计振幅时，增 大Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压直至所述振膜的振动位移等于所述振膜的设计振幅，上述振膜的设计振幅是指在保证振膜的安全工作条件下允许振膜达到的最大振动位移，振膜的设计振幅通常小于振膜的振幅，具体地可根据对扬声器的声学性能要求来选择振膜的设计振幅的范围，此外，为了保护振膜，防止Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压瞬间增大导致振膜的振动位移瞬间增大，由Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压可采用等步长递增的方式或先快速增大至某一值后再慢速增大至目标值的方式实现，而且当振膜的振动位移等于振膜的设计振幅时，Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压可保持以使振膜的振动位移维持在振膜的设计振幅；
步骤S202：当所述振膜的振动位移等于所述振膜的设计振幅时，保持所述Smart PA输出至所述振动音圈的输出电压以使所述振膜的振动位移等于所述振膜的设计振幅，由于实际应用中Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压无法一直稳定在某一定值，因此上述可使振膜的振动位移等于振膜的设计振幅的输出电压值可理解为输出电压在一定范围内振动，例如，输出电压以正弦波的形式振动，而且该正弦波的振动方式使得振膜的振动位移在±0.02mm的范围内振动，这种输出电压的振动方式还可防止振膜因长时间高位振动导致疲劳受损；
步骤S203：当所述振膜的振动位移大于所述振膜的设计振幅时，减小所述Smart PA输出至所述振动音圈的输出电压，为了更好地保护振膜，防止Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压瞬间减小导致振膜的振动位移瞬间减小，由Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压可采用等步长递减的方式实现，当然，当振膜的振动位移减小至安全范围时，还可增大Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压直至振膜的振动位移等于振膜的设计振幅。
相对现有技术中Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压始终小于预设输出电压上限值的限制，本发明对振膜的振动位移进行实时监控，通过对振膜的振动位移与振膜的设计振幅的比较，调整Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压从而使得振膜的振动位移可达到振膜的设计振幅，从而振膜的实际振动位移可在安全范围内尽量接近振膜的振幅。
本发明调整振膜的振动位移的方法将振膜的振动位移与Smart PA关 联在一起，通过对振膜的振动位移的直接监控，将振膜的振动位移按振膜的设计振幅进行调整，使得振膜的振动位移可接近振膜的振幅，有利于在保护振膜的前提下更加充分的发挥振膜的性能，保证扬声器的声学性能。
如图2所示，在本发明的一个优选实施例中，步骤S1所述获取振膜的振动位移可包括如下步骤：
步骤S1a：获取所述振动音圈的电流变化率，及因所述振动音圈的电流变化导致的固定音圈内产生的感生电动势，上述振动音圈的电流变化率可通过采集一定时间段内的流经振动音圈的电流实现，上述固定音圈是指位置固定的音圈结构，当音频电流流经振动音圈时，产生了随音频电流变化的磁场，此时通过固定音圈的磁通量发生变化，从而在固定音圈内产生感生电动势；
步骤S1b：由所述感生电动势和所述振动音圈的电流变化率，获得所述振动音圈和所述固定音圈之间的距离，上述获取振动音圈和固定音圈之间的距离的过程可通过如下方式实现：
由于一个确定结构的扬声器单体的振动音圈的电流变化率、固定音圈的感生电动势、及振动音圈和固定音圈之间的距离三者的关系固定，因此可建立一个感生电动势、振动音圈的电流变化率及振动音圈和固定音圈之间的距离的关系表，该关系表可由实验得出或者是计算得出，由该关系表可查出在某一感生电动势下，振动音圈的电流变化率与振动音圈和固定音圈之间的距离的对应关系，例如当感生电动势确定时，可由上述关系表查得一个与振动音圈的电流变化率对应的振动音圈和固定音圈之间的距离的值；
当然，也可由实验得出的相关数据拟合出一振动音圈的电流变化率、固定音圈的感生电动势、及振动音圈和固定音圈之间的距离的方程式，例如
Figure PCTCN2016082370-appb-000001
其中ε为固定音圈的感生电动势，M为与振动音圈和固定音圈之间的距离相关的函数，dI/dt为振动音圈的电流变化率，通过例如是中央处理器等部件对获取到的感生电动势和振动音圈的电流进行处理，得到振动音圈和所述固定音圈之间的距离的数值；
步骤S1c：由所述振动音圈和所述固定音圈之间的距离，获得所述振 膜的振动位移，由于固定音圈的位置固定不动，而当有音频电流通过时振动音圈振动，因此振动音圈通电后振动音圈和固定音圈之间的距离减去通电前振动音圈和固定音圈之间的距离便可得到振膜的振动位移。
由于感生电动势和振动音圈的电流变化率的获取极为灵敏且不易出错，因此这种获取振膜的振动位移的方法相对于常规的通过振动位移传感器获取振动位移的方法更加灵敏可靠，有利于灵活地监控振膜的振动位移。
为了在保证振膜性能发挥的条件下更好地保护振膜，所述振膜的设计振幅为所述振膜的振幅的80％。
在本发明的另一个优选实施例中，步骤S203可进一步地包括如下步骤：
当所述振膜的振动位移大于所述振膜的设计振幅时，先减小所述Smart PA输出至所述振动音圈的输出电压直至所述振膜的振动位移比所述振膜的设计振幅小0.02mm，再增大所述Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压直至所述振膜的振动位移等于所述振膜的设计振幅，这样，不仅有利于更好地保护振膜，而且可充分发挥出振膜的性能。
本发明还提供了一种扬声器单体1，其能在尽量小的改变现有的动圈式扬声器的结构的前提下，更方便地采集固定因振动音圈的电流变化导致的固定音圈内产生的感生电动势，如图3和图4所示，本发明扬声器单体1包括振动系统、磁路系统、辅助系统和固定音圈18，其中，所述振动系统包括振膜11、固定于所述振膜11一侧的振动音圈12及固定于所述振膜中心位置的DOME13，所述磁路系统包括盆架14、固定在盆架14上的磁铁15和华司16，所述辅助系统包括用于收容所述振动系统和所述磁路系统的外壳17，所述固定音圈18环绕所述磁路系统的磁铁15设置，并与所述磁路系统的盆架14固定连接，上述固定连接可通过粘接等方式实现。由于固定音圈18仅用于采集感生电动势，因此固定音圈18的体积可尽量地减小，为了不影响到现有的动圈式扬声器的其它部件的结构，固定音圈18的高度可选择为小于5mm。
本发明扬声器单体通过固定音圈的设置有利于更方便地采集因振动音圈的电流变化导致的固定音圈内产生的感生电动势，从而更方便地获取 振膜的振动位移。
上述获取振膜11的振动位移可包括如下步骤：
获取振动音圈12的电流变化率，及因振动音圈12的电流变化导致的固定音圈18内产生的感生电动势，上述振动音圈12的电流变化率可通过采集一定时间段内的流经振动音圈12的电流实现，当音频电流流经振动音圈12时，产生了随音频电流变化的磁场，此时通过固定音圈18的磁通量发生变化，从而在固定音圈18内产生感生电动势；
由感生电动势和振动音圈12的电流变化率，获得振动音圈12和固定音圈18之间的距离，上述获取振动音圈12和固定音圈18之间的距离的过程可通过如下方式实现：
由于一个确定结构的扬声器单体1的振动音圈12的电流变化率、固定音圈18的感生电动势、及振动音圈12和固定音圈18之间的距离三者的关系固定，因此可建立一个感生电动势、振动音圈12的电流变化率及振动音圈12和固定音圈18之间的距离的关系表，该关系表可由实验得出或者是计算得出，由该关系表可查出在某一感生电动势下，振动音圈12的电流变化率与振动音圈12和固定音圈18之间的距离的对应关系，例如当感生电动势确定时，可由上述关系表查得一个与振动音圈12的电流变化率对应的振动音圈12和固定音圈18之间的距离的值；
当然，也可由实验得出的相关数据拟合出一振动音圈12的电流变化率、固定音圈18的感生电动势、及振动音圈12和固定音圈18之间的距离的方程式，例如
Figure PCTCN2016082370-appb-000002
其中ε为固定音圈18的感生电动势，M为与振动音圈12和固定音圈18之间的距离相关的函数，dI/dt为振动音圈12的电流变化率，通过例如是中央处理器等部件对获取到的感生电动势和振动音圈12的电流进行处理，得到振动音圈12和固定音圈18之间的距离的数值；
由振动音圈12和固定音圈18之间的距离，获得振膜11的振动位移，由于固定音圈18的位置固定不动，而当有音频电流通过时振动音圈12振动，因此振动音圈12通电后振动音圈12和固定音圈18之间的距离减去通电前振动音圈12和固定音圈18之间的距离便可得到振膜11的振动位移。
由于感生电动势和振动音圈12的电流变化率的获取极为灵敏且不易 出错，因此这种获取振膜11的振动位移的方法相对于常规的通过振动位移传感器获取振动位移的方法更加灵敏可靠，有利于灵活地监控振膜11的振动位移。
为了更灵敏地获取因振动音圈12的电流变化导致的固定音圈18内产生的感生电动势，所述固定音圈18的形状与所述振动系统的振动音圈12的形状相匹配。
为了更好地对固定音圈18的位置进行定位，所述盆架14的边缘设有朝向所述振动音圈12的方向延伸的侧壁141。
为了在尽量小的改变现有的动圈式扬声器的结构的前提下，更方便地采集固定因振动音圈12的电流变化导致的固定音圈18内产生的感生电动势，所述外壳17邻近所述盆架14的表面上设有固定音圈焊盘(图中未示出)，所述固定音圈18通过引线181与所述固定单圈焊盘相连接。
本发明进一步地提供了一种扬声器系统，如图5所示，包括振膜控制模块2、Smart PA3和本发明的扬声器单体1；其中，
所述振膜控制模块2用于采集振动音圈12的电流以获取所述振动音圈12的电流变化率，及因所述振动音圈12的电流变化导致的所述固定音圈18内产生的感生电动势，并由所述感生电动势和所述振动音圈12的电流变化率，获得所述振动音圈12和所述固定音圈18之间的距离，以及由所述振动音圈12和所述固定音圈18之间的距离，获得所述振膜11的振动位移，还有当所述振膜11的振动位移小于所述振膜11的设计振幅时，发出增大所述Smart PA3输出至振动音圈12的输出电压的信号直至所述振膜11的振动位移等于所述振膜11的设计振幅；当所述振膜11的振动位移等于所述振膜11的设计振幅时，发出保持所述Smart PA3输出至所述振动音圈12的输出电压的信号以使所述振膜11的振动位移等于所述振膜11的设计振幅；当所述振膜11的振动位移大于所述振膜11的设计振幅时，发出减小所述Smart PA3输出至所述振动音圈12的输出电压的信号。上述振膜11的设计振幅是指在保证振膜11的安全工作条件下允许振膜11达到的最大振动位移。
本发明的扬声器系统通过振膜控制模块2对振膜11的振动位移的监 控，将振膜11的振动位移根据振膜11的设计振幅进行调整，使得振膜11的振动位移可接近振膜11的振幅，有利于在保护振膜11的前提下更加充分的发挥振膜11的性能，保证扬声器的声学性能。
为了更好地保护振膜11，以及更充分发挥出振膜11的性能，所述振膜控制模块2还用于：
当所述振膜11的振动位移大于所述振膜11的设计振幅时，先发出减小所述Smart PA3输出至所述振动音圈12的输出电压的信号直至所述振膜11的振动位移比所述振膜12的设计振幅小0.02mm，再发出增大所述Smart PA3输出至振动音圈12的输出电压的信号直至所述振膜11的振动位移等于所述振膜11的设计振幅。
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种调整振膜的振动位移的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获取振膜的振动位移；
    当所述振膜的振动位移小于所述振膜的设计振幅时，增大Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压直至所述振膜的振动位移等于所述振膜的设计振幅；
    当所述振膜的振动位移等于所述振膜的设计振幅时，保持所述Smart PA输出至所述振动音圈的输出电压以使所述振膜的振动位移等于所述振膜的设计振幅；
    当所述振膜的振动位移大于所述振膜的设计振幅时，减小所述Smart PA输出至所述振动音圈的输出电压。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的调整振膜的振动位移的方法，其特征在于，所述获取振膜的振动位移包括：
    获取所述振动音圈的电流变化率，及因所述振动音圈的电流变化导致的固定音圈内产生的感生电动势；
    由所述感生电动势和所述振动音圈的电流变化率，获得所述振动音圈和所述固定音圈之间的距离；
    由所述振动音圈和所述固定音圈之间的距离，获得所述振膜的振动位移。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的调整振膜的振动位移的方法，其特征在于，所述振膜的设计振幅为所述振膜的振幅的80％。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的调整振膜的振动位移的方法，其特征在于，当所述振膜的振动位移大于所述振膜的设计振幅时，先减小所述Smart PA输出至所述振动音圈的输出电压直至所述振膜的振动位移比所述振膜的设计振幅小0.02mm，再增大所述Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压直至所述振膜的振动位移等于所述振膜的设计振幅。
  5. 一种扬声器单体，其特征在于，包括振动系统、磁路系统、辅助系统和固定音圈，其中，所述振动系统包括振膜、固定于所述振膜一侧的 振动音圈及固定于所述振膜中心位置的DOME，所述磁路系统包括盆架、固定在盆架上的磁铁和华司，所述辅助系统包括用于收容所述振动系统和所述磁路系统的外壳，所述固定音圈环绕所述磁路系统的磁铁设置，并与所述磁路系统的盆架固定连接。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的扬声器单体，其特征在于，所述固定音圈的形状与所述振动系统的振动音圈的形状相匹配。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的扬声器单体，其特征在于，所述盆架的边缘设有朝向所述振动音圈的方向延伸的侧壁。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的扬声器单体，其特征在于，所述外壳邻近所述盆架的表面上设有固定音圈焊盘，所述固定音圈通过引线与所述固定单圈焊盘相连接。
  9. 一种扬声器系统，其特征在于，包括振膜控制模块、Smart PA和权利要求5至8任一项中所述的扬声器单体；其中，
    所述振膜控制模块用于采集振动音圈的电流以获取所述振动音圈的电流变化率，及因所述振动音圈的电流变化导致的所述固定音圈内产生的感生电动势，并由所述感生电动势和所述振动音圈的电流变化率，获得所述振动音圈和所述固定音圈之间的距离，以及由所述振动音圈和所述固定音圈之间的距离，获得所述振膜的振动位移，还有当所述振膜的振动位移小于所述振膜的设计振幅时，发出增大所述Smart PA输出至振动音圈的输出电压的信号直至所述振膜的振动位移等于所述振膜的设计振幅，当所述振膜的振动位移等于所述振膜的设计振幅时，发出保持所述Smart PA输出至所述振动音圈的输出电压的信号以使所述振膜的振动位移等于所述振膜的设计振幅，当所述振膜的振动位移大于所述振膜的设计振幅时，发出减小所述Smart PA输出至所述振动音圈的输出电压的信号。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的扬声器系统，其特征在于，所述振膜控制模块还用于：
    当所述振膜的振动位移大于所述振膜的设计振幅时，先发出减小所述Smart PA输出至所述振动音圈的输出电压的信号直至所述振膜的振动位移比所述振膜的设计振幅小0.02mm，再发出增大所述Smart PA输出至振动 音圈的输出电压的信号直至所述振膜的振动位移等于所述振膜的设计振幅。
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