WO2017159856A1 - X-ray inspection apparatus - Google Patents

X-ray inspection apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017159856A1
WO2017159856A1 PCT/JP2017/010933 JP2017010933W WO2017159856A1 WO 2017159856 A1 WO2017159856 A1 WO 2017159856A1 JP 2017010933 W JP2017010933 W JP 2017010933W WO 2017159856 A1 WO2017159856 A1 WO 2017159856A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ray
luminance
contents
packaging material
inspection apparatus
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Ceased
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PCT/JP2017/010933
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
廣瀬　修
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Ishida Co Ltd
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Ishida Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2018506043A priority Critical patent/JPWO2017159856A1/en
Publication of WO2017159856A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017159856A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
    • G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
    • G01N23/06—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption
    • G01N23/083—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption the radiation being X-rays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
    • G01N23/06—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption
    • G01N23/10—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption the material being confined in a container, e.g. in a luggage X-ray scanners
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
    • G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
    • G01N23/06—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and measuring the absorption
    • G01N23/18—Investigating the presence of flaws defects or foreign matter

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an inspection apparatus that determines a missing item on the basis of an X-ray transmission image irradiated on an inspection object.
  • an X-ray inspection apparatus has been used to inspect missing items in packaged contents.
  • X-ray inspection apparatus described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-115138)
  • X-rays are radiated to contents that are partitioned and arranged inside the packaging material, and based on transmitted X-ray data. The number of contents has been inspected.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an X-ray inspection apparatus capable of reliably performing a missing part inspection without being affected by the change in the thickness of a packaging material in lot units.
  • the X-ray inspection apparatus irradiates a product in which contents are packaged with a packaging material with X-rays, detects the amount of X-ray transmitted through the product with an X-ray detection sensor,
  • An X-ray inspection apparatus that determines and inspects a content based on a detection result of an X-ray detection sensor, and includes an image generation unit, a region generation unit, a luminance correction unit, and a determination unit. ing.
  • the image generation unit generates an X-ray transmission image from the detection result of the X-ray detection sensor.
  • the region generation unit divides the region into a packaging region made up of only the packaging material that does not contain the content and a content region made up of the content and the packaging material.
  • the brightness correction unit corrects the brightness of the content area based on the brightness of the packaging area in the X-ray transmission image.
  • the determination unit determines the presence / absence of the content based on the luminance in the corrected content area.
  • the luminance in the content area is a value after passing through the content and the packaging material, and the luminance is reduced (ie, darkened) by the amount of X-rays absorbed by the packaging material. Therefore, the brightness of the content area from which the influence of the packaging material is removed can be obtained by correcting the amount. As a result, it is possible to prevent erroneous determination of defect inspection due to variations in packaging material thickness.
  • An X-ray inspection apparatus is the X-ray inspection apparatus according to the first aspect, in which the luminance correction unit is configured to determine the luminance of the contents region based on the luminance of all or part of the packaging region. The influence of the brightness of the packaging area on the content is obtained, and the influence is offset from the brightness of the contents area.
  • the X-ray inspection apparatus is the X-ray inspection apparatus according to the first aspect or the second aspect, wherein the X-ray transmittance of the packaging material is smaller than the X-ray transmittance of the contents. Inspected.
  • the X-ray inspection apparatus is the X-ray inspection apparatus according to any one of the first aspect to the third aspect, and the packaging material includes a resin packaging material. And the thing whose thickness of the resin packaging material is 0.3 mm or less is an inspection object.
  • the determination unit determines the presence / absence of contents based on the luminance in the corrected content area, the shortage inspection is surely performed without being affected by the thickness of the packaging material.
  • the X-ray inspection apparatus is the X-ray inspection apparatus according to any one of the first aspect to the third aspect, wherein the content is 4 mm or less in thickness. is there.
  • the determination unit determines the presence / absence of contents based on the luminance in the corrected content area, the shortage inspection is surely performed without being affected by the thickness of the packaging material.
  • An X-ray inspection apparatus is an X-ray inspection apparatus according to any one of the first aspect to the fifth aspect, wherein a defect in the contents is a missing part of the contents, Including foreign matters in the contents and cracking or chipping of the contents are included.
  • the luminance in the content region is a value after passing through the content and the packaging material, and the X-ray is reduced by the amount absorbed by the packaging material.
  • FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of an X-ray inspection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the schematic diagram which shows the principle of a X-ray inspection.
  • the block block diagram of a control computer The process block diagram before and behind an X-ray inspection apparatus.
  • the perspective view of the goods which are inspection objects.
  • FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of the product G along the line SS in FIG. 6A.
  • the image figure of the X-ray transmissive image of goods The figure of a pocket outline extraction image.
  • a histogram based on an X-ray transmission image of a product. Explanatory drawing which shows the setting state of the threshold value at the time of producing
  • 7 is a control flowchart for missing item inspection of the X-ray inspection apparatus.
  • FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of an X-ray inspection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an X-ray inspection apparatus 10 is one of apparatuses that are incorporated in a production line for a product G such as food (see FIG. 5) and inspects the quality of the product G, and is continuously conveyed. This is an apparatus for determining whether the product G is acceptable by irradiating the product G with X-rays.
  • the product G which is an inspection object, is carried to the X-ray inspection apparatus 10 by the pre-stage conveyor 60.
  • the product G is classified as a non-defective product or a defective product in the X-ray inspection apparatus 10.
  • the inspection result obtained by the X-ray inspection apparatus 10 is sent to a distribution mechanism 70 disposed on the downstream side of the X-ray inspection apparatus 10.
  • the distribution mechanism 70 sends the product G determined to be a non-defective product by the X-ray inspection apparatus 10 to the conveyor 80 that discharges the normal product, and discharges the product G determined to be a defective product by the X-ray inspection apparatus 10.
  • the direction 90 and the defective discharge direction 91 are distributed.
  • FIG. 2 is an internal configuration diagram of the shield box of the X-ray inspection apparatus. 1 and 2, the X-ray inspection apparatus 10 includes a shield box 11, a conveyor 12, an X-ray irradiator 13, an X-ray line sensor 14, and a monitor 30 with a touch panel function (see FIG. 1). It is comprised from the control computer 20 (refer FIG. 4).
  • Shield box 11 On both side surfaces of the shield box 11, openings 11 a for allowing the product G to be carried in and out of the shield box 11 are formed.
  • the opening 11 a is closed by a shielding noren (not shown) in order to prevent leakage of X-rays to the outside of the shield box 11.
  • This shielding nolen is formed from rubber containing lead and is pushed away by the product G when the product G passes through the opening 11a.
  • a conveyor 12 In the shield box 11, a conveyor 12, an X-ray irradiator 13, an X-ray line sensor 14, a control computer 20 and the like are accommodated.
  • a key insertion slot, a power switch, and the like are disposed on the front upper portion of the shield box 11.
  • the conveyor 12 conveys the commodity G in the shield box 11 and is disposed so as to penetrate through the openings 11a formed on both side surfaces of the shield box 11 as shown in FIG. And the conveyor 12 conveys the goods G mounted on the belt, rotating an endless belt with the drive roller driven by the conveyor motor 12a (refer FIG. 4).
  • the conveyance speed by the conveyor 12 is finely controlled by the inverter control of the conveyor motor 12a by the control computer 20 so as to be the set speed input by the operator.
  • the conveyor motor 12a is equipped with an encoder 12b (see FIG. 4) that detects the conveying speed of the conveyor 12 and sends it to the control computer 20.
  • the X-ray irradiator 13 is disposed above the conveyor 12 and irradiates the fan-shaped irradiation range X with X-rays toward the lower X-ray line sensor 14.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of X-ray inspection.
  • the X-ray line sensor 14 is disposed below the conveyor 12, and mainly includes a large number of pixel sensors 14a. These pixel sensors 14 a are horizontally arranged in a straight line in a direction orthogonal to the conveying direction by the conveyor 12. Each pixel sensor 14a detects X-rays that have passed through the product G or the conveyor 12, and outputs an X-ray fluoroscopic image signal.
  • the X-ray fluoroscopic image signal indicates the brightness (density) of X-rays.
  • Monitor 30 is a full-dot liquid crystal display, and displays a screen that prompts the operator to input inspection parameters and the like necessary for inspection.
  • the monitor 30 also has a touch panel function and accepts input of inspection parameters and the like from the operator.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the control computer.
  • the control computer 20 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 21, ROM (Read Only Memory) 22, RAM (Random Access Memory) 23, HDD (Hard Disk) 25, and a drive 24 for inserting a storage medium. It is equipped with.
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • ROM Read Only Memory
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • HDD Hard Disk
  • the CPU 21 executes various programs stored in the ROM 22 and the HDD 25.
  • the HDD 25 stores and accumulates inspection parameters and inspection results.
  • the inspection parameters can be set and changed by input from the operator using the touch panel function of the monitor 30. The operator can set so that these data are stored and accumulated not only in the HDD 25 but also in a storage medium inserted in the drive 24.
  • control computer 20 includes a display control circuit (not shown) for controlling data display on the monitor 30 and a key input circuit (not shown) for capturing key input data input by the operator via the touch panel of the monitor 30. And a communication port (not shown) that enables connection with an external device such as a printer (not shown) or a network such as a LAN.
  • the units (21 to 25) of the control computer 20 are connected to each other via a bus line such as an address bus or a data bus.
  • the control computer 20 is connected to a conveyor motor 12a, an encoder 12b, a photoelectric sensor 15, an X-ray irradiator 13, an X-ray line sensor 14, and the like.
  • the photoelectric sensor 15 is a synchronous sensor for detecting the timing when the product G as a specimen passes through the fan-shaped X-ray irradiation range X (see FIG. 2), and is mainly a pair of sensors arranged with the conveyor 12 interposed therebetween. It consists of a projector and a light receiver.
  • the HDD 25 of the control computer 20 includes an image generation module, an area generation module, a brightness correction module, a pass / fail determination module, a foreign substance inspection module, a comprehensive diagnosis module, a histogram generation module, and a binarized image generation module. Contains various programs. Then, the CPU 21 of the control computer 20 reads and executes these program modules, whereby an image generation unit 21a, a region generation unit 21b, a luminance correction unit 21c, a quality determination unit 21d, a foreign matter inspection unit 21e, and a comprehensive diagnosis unit 21f. , And operates as a histogram creation unit 21g and a binarized image generation unit 21h (see FIG. 4).
  • the image generation unit 21 a generates an X-ray transmission image of the product G based on the X-ray fluoroscopic image signal output from the X-ray line sensor 14.
  • the image generation unit 21a uses the X-ray fluoroscopic image signal output from each pixel sensor 14a of the X-ray line sensor 14 when the product G passes the fan-shaped X-ray irradiation range X (see FIG. 2) at fine time intervals. And an X-ray transmission image of the product G is generated based on the acquired X-ray fluoroscopic image signal.
  • the timing at which the product G passes through the fan-shaped X-ray irradiation range X is determined by a signal from the photoelectric sensor 15.
  • the image generation unit 21a copies the product G by connecting the data for each fine time interval related to the X-ray brightness obtained from each pixel sensor 14a of the X-ray line sensor 14 in a matrix in time series. A line transmission image is generated.
  • Region generator 21b In the X-ray transmission image which copies the goods G produced
  • the brightness correction unit 21c corrects the brightness of the content area based on the brightness of the packaging area in the X-ray transmission image.
  • the brightness in the contents area is a value after passing through the contents and the packaging material, and X-rays are reduced by the amount absorbed by the packaging material (that is, darkened). Thus, the brightness of the content area from which the influence of the packaging material is removed can be obtained.
  • the pass / fail determination unit 21d determines the presence / absence of contents based on the luminance in the corrected content area. If the luminance in the content area is within a preset allowable range, a non-defective product is determined that an appropriate amount of content is present. On the other hand, if the luminance is out of the allowable range, it is determined that the content lacks an appropriate amount or does not exist.
  • the foreign substance inspection unit 21e detects a foreign substance contained in the product G by performing a binarization process on the X-ray transmission image of the product G generated by the image generation unit 21a. More specifically, when there is an area that appears darker than a preset threshold on the X-ray transmission image P of the product G, it is determined that foreign matter is mixed in the product G, and the product G is Judge as abnormal.
  • the foreign matter inspection unit 21e determines that a foreign matter is included, it immediately sends a signal indicating that to the comprehensive diagnosis unit 21f.
  • the comprehensive diagnosis unit 21f diagnoses the product G as a defective product and immediately ends the inspection by the foreign matter inspection unit 21e.
  • the comprehensive diagnosis unit 21f receives a signal indicating that no abnormality has been detected from the quality determination unit 21d and the foreign matter inspection unit 21e, the general diagnosis unit 21f diagnoses the product G as a non-defective product. Then, the comprehensive diagnosis unit 21 f sends the diagnosis result to the distribution mechanism 70.
  • Histogram creation unit 21g creates a histogram indicating the number of pixels for each luminance by classifying all the pixels constituting the X-ray transmission image for each luminance of a predetermined width and counting the number of pixels.
  • the binarized image generation unit 21h generates a binarized image by binarizing the X-ray transmission image using a predetermined threshold.
  • FIG. 6A is a perspective view of a product G to be inspected.
  • 6B is a cross-sectional view of the commodity G along the line SS in FIG. 6A.
  • the medicine m is sealed by the package 40.
  • the package 40 includes a resin package case 41 and a package cover 43.
  • the package case 41 is integrally formed with a plurality of concave pocket portions 41p and a sheet portion 41s that connects the peripheral edges of the openings of the pocket portions 41p.
  • the material of the package case 41 is plastic, and its thickness is thin and 0.3 mm or less.
  • the package cover 43 is a seal region that is in close contact with the sheet portion 41 s of the package case 41 except for a region that closes the opening of the pocket portion 41 p of the package case 41.
  • the package cover 43 is a sheet made of paper or aluminum and has a thin thickness of 0.3 mm or less.
  • FIG. 7A is an image diagram of the X-ray transmission image P0 of product G.
  • the region where the sheet portion 41s of the package case 41 and the package cover 43 are in close contact that is, the region of only the packaging material (hereinafter referred to as the packaging region Rf) has a low transmitted X-ray intensity.
  • the line transmission image P0 is darkly displayed.
  • the medicine m is accommodated in the pocket portion 41p of the package case 41 closed by the package cover 43, the medicine itself is thin and does not absorb X-rays sufficiently, so that it is difficult to make a difference from the packaging area Rf. (Hereinafter referred to as drug region Rn).
  • the circumferential wall 41pw (see FIG. 6B) of the pocket portion 41p has a lower transmission X-ray intensity than the packaging region Rf because the circumferential wall 41pw is raised in the X-ray irradiation direction and the transmission distance becomes longer. Become. Therefore, the circumferential wall 41pw of the pocket portion 41p has a lower transmission X-ray intensity than the packaging region Rf, and is displayed darker than the packaging region Rf in the X-ray transmission image P0 (hereinafter referred to as a pocket portion contour region Rp). ).
  • the outside of the packaging area Rf is the background (conveyor) and is displayed brightest (hereinafter referred to as the background area Rb).
  • the histogram creation unit 21g creates a histogram indicating the number of pixels for each luminance by classifying all the pixels constituting the X-ray transmission image P0 for each luminance of a predetermined width and counting the number of pixels.
  • FIG. 8 is a histogram based on the X-ray transmission image P0 of the product G.
  • the histogram includes a peak a corresponding to the packaging region Rf and a peak b corresponding to the background region Rb.
  • the luminance of the drug region Rn is estimated to be in the vicinity of the bottom of the distribution including the peak a because the difference from the luminance of the packaging region Rf is small.
  • the binarized image generation unit 21h generates a binarized image by binarizing the X-ray transmission image P0 with a threshold Th.
  • FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a setting state of the threshold Th when a binarized image is generated.
  • a brightness value that is darker than the packaging region Rf and brighter than the pocket contour region Rp is set as the threshold Th for generating the binarized image. More specifically, a luminance value slightly lower than the distribution including the peak a shown in FIG. 8 is set.
  • the binarized image generation unit 21h binarizes the X-ray transmission image P0 with the threshold Th, thereby generating a binarized image. This image is referred to as a pocket contour extraction image P1.
  • FIG. 7B is an image diagram of the pocket contour extraction image P1.
  • a region brighter than the pocket outline region Rp portion greater than or equal to the threshold Th is displayed in white by binarization.
  • the pocket outline region Rp delimits the drug region Rn and the packaging region Rf.
  • FIG. 7C is an image diagram of the medicine region extraction image P2.
  • the region displayed in white is the drug region Rn.
  • the luminance of each medicine region Rn is influenced by the luminance of the packaging region Rf because it is based on the medicine and the X-ray data transmitted through the packaging material (the package case 41 and the package cover 43).
  • FIG. 10 is a control flowchart of the shortage inspection of the X-ray inspection apparatus 10.
  • the control computer 20 performs the following control.
  • Step S1 First, in step S1, the control computer 20 determines whether or not X-ray data is input. If X-ray data is input, the control computer 20 proceeds to step S2, and if no X-ray data is input, the control computer 20 Continue to determine whether there is input.
  • Step S2 the control computer 20 generates an X-ray transmission image P0 via the image generation unit 21a, and proceeds to step S3.
  • Step S3 Next, in step S3, the control computer 20 creates a histogram via the histogram creation unit 21g, and proceeds to step S4.
  • step S4 the control computer 20 generates the pocket contour extraction image P1 via the binarized image generation unit 21h, and proceeds to step S5.
  • Step S5 the control computer 20 generates a drug region extraction image P2 from the pocket contour extraction image P1 via the binarized image generation unit 21h, and proceeds to step S6.
  • Step S6 the control computer 20 obtains the average luminance (B 1 to B 10 ) of each drug region (Rn 1 to Rn 10 ) of the drug region extraction image P2 via the luminance correction unit 21c.
  • Bi is the average luminance B of any drug region Rn.
  • step S7 the control computer 20 acquires the brightness of the packaging region Rf via the brightness correction unit 21c.
  • the luminance A which is the mode value, is employed.
  • Step S8 the control computer 20 first obtains [Bi-A] via the luminance correction unit 21c, and then determines whether or not Bi-A ⁇ ⁇ via the pass / fail judgment unit 21d. To do. The control computer 20 proceeds to step S9 when Bi ⁇ A ⁇ ⁇ , and returns to step S1 when Bi ⁇ A ⁇ ⁇ .
  • step S9 the control computer 20 transmits a missing part determination signal to the comprehensive diagnosis unit 21f via the pass / fail determination unit 21d.
  • the influence of the packaging material can be offset from the luminance of the medicine region Rn. Therefore, even if the packaging material thickness varies from lot to lot, the influence is eliminated and the shortage inspection is performed. Even if the content is very thin, such as a drug, accurate missing item determination is performed.
  • the luminance in the medicine region Rn is a value after passing through the contents and the packaging material, and the luminance is reduced by the amount absorbed by the packaging material. Is corrected to obtain the luminance of the drug region Rn from which the influence of the packaging material is removed. As a result, misjudgment of missing item inspection due to variations in packaging material thickness can be prevented.
  • the luminance correction unit 21 c obtains the influence of the luminance of the packaging region Rf on the luminance of the medicine region Rn based on the luminance of all or part of the packaging region Rf, and calculates the luminance from the luminance of the medicine region Rn. Offset the impact.
  • the inspection target can be a case where a packaging material having a smaller X-ray transmittance than the contents is used.
  • the thickness of the resin packaging material is 0. Those having a thickness of 3 mm or less and those having a content thickness of 4 mm or less can be inspection objects.
  • the pass / fail determination unit 21 d determines the presence / absence of contents based on the luminance in the corrected drug region Rn, and therefore the influence of using a packaging material having a smaller X-ray transmittance than the contents. The shortage inspection is performed without fail.
  • the X-ray inspection apparatus 10 has been described by taking the shortage inspection for inspecting the presence or absence of contents as an example.
  • the application example of the X-ray inspection apparatus 10 is not limited to the shortage inspection, and for example, inspection of contamination of the contents, inspection of cracks or chipping of the contents, and the like can be performed.
  • the X-ray inspection apparatus of the present invention can be widely applied to X-ray inspection apparatuses that determine the presence / absence of a missing item from the brightness in an area included in an X-ray transmission image.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

The present invention addresses the problem of providing an X-ray inspection apparatus that, even if there is a variation in packaging material thickness among lots, is able to certainly carry out inspection for a missing part without being influenced by the variation. In the X-ray inspection apparatus (10), the brightness of a reagent region (Rn) is a value obtained after X-rays transmit through a content and a packaging material therefor. The brightness is smaller than that before the transmission by the amount of X-rays having been absorbed by the packaging material. Thus, as a result of correction of the amount, the brightness of the reagent region (Rn), from which the influence of the packaging material has been removed, is obtained. Consequently, the apparatus can prevent an erroneous determination in the inspection for a missing part, from being caused by thickness variation among packaging materials.

Description

Ｘ線検査装置X-ray inspection equipment

　本発明は、検査対象物に対して照射されたＸ線の透過画像に基づいて内容物の欠品を判定する検査装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an inspection apparatus that determines a missing item on the basis of an X-ray transmission image irradiated on an inspection object.

　従来、包装された内容物の欠品検査にはＸ線検査装置が利用されている。例えば、特許文献１（特開２０１４－１１５１３８号公報）に記載のＸ線検査装置では、包材の内部で仕切られて並ぶ内容物に対してＸ線を照射し、透過Ｘ線のデータに基づき内容物の数が検査されている。 Conventionally, an X-ray inspection apparatus has been used to inspect missing items in packaged contents. For example, in the X-ray inspection apparatus described in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-115138), X-rays are radiated to contents that are partitioned and arranged inside the packaging material, and based on transmitted X-ray data. The number of contents has been inspected.

　しかしながら、薬剤のような非常に薄くＸ線を十分に吸収しない内容物を対象とする欠品検査においては、輝度の微妙な差を検出して欠品の有無を判定するので、包材厚さのバラツキによる影響が無視できず、包材のロット違いで誤判定する虞がある。 However, in the shortage inspection for contents that are very thin such as drugs and do not absorb X-rays sufficiently, the presence of a shortage is determined by detecting subtle differences in brightness. The influence of this variation cannot be ignored, and there is a risk of misjudgment due to differences in lots of packaging materials.

　本発明の課題は、包材の厚さがロット単位で変化しても、その影響を受けずに確実に欠品検査が行われるＸ線検査装置を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide an X-ray inspection apparatus capable of reliably performing a missing part inspection without being affected by the change in the thickness of a packaging material in lot units.

　本発明の第１観点に係るＸ線検査装置は、包材で内容物を包装した商品に対してＸ線を照射し、商品を透過したＸ線の透過量をＸ線検出センサで検出し、Ｘ線検出センサの検出結果に基づいて、内容物の不良を判定し、検査を行うＸ線検査装置であって、画像生成部と、領域生成部と、輝度補正部と、判定部とを備えている。画像生成部は、Ｘ線検出センサの検出結果からＸ線透過画像を生成する。領域生成部は、Ｘ線透過画像において、内容物を含まない包材のみからなる包装領域と、内容物と包材からなる内容物領域とに領域を分ける。輝度補正部は、Ｘ線透過画像における包装領域の輝度に基づいて内容物領域の輝度を補正する。判定部は、補正後の内容物領域における輝度によって内容物の有無を判定する。 The X-ray inspection apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention irradiates a product in which contents are packaged with a packaging material with X-rays, detects the amount of X-ray transmitted through the product with an X-ray detection sensor, An X-ray inspection apparatus that determines and inspects a content based on a detection result of an X-ray detection sensor, and includes an image generation unit, a region generation unit, a luminance correction unit, and a determination unit. ing. The image generation unit generates an X-ray transmission image from the detection result of the X-ray detection sensor. In the X-ray transmission image, the region generation unit divides the region into a packaging region made up of only the packaging material that does not contain the content and a content region made up of the content and the packaging material. The brightness correction unit corrects the brightness of the content area based on the brightness of the packaging area in the X-ray transmission image. The determination unit determines the presence / absence of the content based on the luminance in the corrected content area.

　このＸ線検査装置では、内容物領域における輝度は、内容物と包材とを透過した後の値であり、Ｘ線が包材で吸収された分だけ輝度が小さく（即ち、暗く）なっているので、その分を補正することによって包材の影響が除去された内容物領域の輝度が得られる。その結果、包材厚みのバラツキによる不良検査の誤判定を防止することができる。 In this X-ray inspection apparatus, the luminance in the content area is a value after passing through the content and the packaging material, and the luminance is reduced (ie, darkened) by the amount of X-rays absorbed by the packaging material. Therefore, the brightness of the content area from which the influence of the packaging material is removed can be obtained by correcting the amount. As a result, it is possible to prevent erroneous determination of defect inspection due to variations in packaging material thickness.

　本発明の第２観点に係るＸ線検査装置は、第１観点に係るＸ線検査装置であって、輝度補正部が、包装領域の全部又は一部の輝度に基づいて、内容物領域の輝度に対する包装領域の輝度の影響を求め、内容物領域の輝度から当該影響を相殺する。 An X-ray inspection apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention is the X-ray inspection apparatus according to the first aspect, in which the luminance correction unit is configured to determine the luminance of the contents region based on the luminance of all or part of the packaging region. The influence of the brightness of the packaging area on the content is obtained, and the influence is offset from the brightness of the contents area.

　本発明の第３観点に係るＸ線検査装置は、第１観点又は第２観点に係るＸ線検査装置であって、包材のＸ線透過率が内容物のＸ線透過率より小さいものが検査対象である。 The X-ray inspection apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention is the X-ray inspection apparatus according to the first aspect or the second aspect, wherein the X-ray transmittance of the packaging material is smaller than the X-ray transmittance of the contents. Inspected.

　一般には包材よりもＸ線透過率が小さい内容物の欠品検査が多いことに鑑みると、内容物よりもＸ線透過率が小さい包材を使用している製品の内容物の欠品検査を従来の方法でおこなうと誤判定となる虞がある。 In general, in view of the fact that there are many missing parts inspections with X-ray transmittance smaller than that of packaging materials, inspection of missing contents of products using packaging materials with lower X-ray transmittances than contents If the conventional method is used, there is a risk of erroneous determination.

　しかし、このＸ線検査装置では、判定部が補正後の内容物領域における輝度によって内容物の有無を判定するので、内容物よりもＸ線透過率が小さい包材を使用していることの影響を受けずに確実に欠品検査が行われる。 However, in this X-ray inspection apparatus, since the determination unit determines the presence / absence of the content based on the luminance in the corrected content region, the effect of using a packaging material having a lower X-ray transmittance than the content The shortage inspection is performed without fail.

　本発明の第４観点に係るＸ線検査装置は、第１観点から第３観点のいずれか１つに係るＸ線検査装置であって、包材が樹脂製包材を含んでいる。そして、樹脂製包材の厚みが０．３ｍｍ以下であるものが検査対象である。 The X-ray inspection apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is the X-ray inspection apparatus according to any one of the first aspect to the third aspect, and the packaging material includes a resin packaging material. And the thing whose thickness of the resin packaging material is 0.3 mm or less is an inspection object.

　一般には包材よりもＸ線透過率が小さい内容物の欠品検査が多いことに鑑みると、樹脂製包材の厚みが０．３ｍｍ以下であるものを検査対象とした場合、内容物よりもＸ線透過率が小さい包材を使用している製品の内容物の欠品検査をすることになり、従来の検査方法では誤判定となる虞がある。 In general, considering that there are many shortage inspections of contents with X-ray transmittance smaller than the packaging material, if the thickness of the resin packaging material is 0.3 mm or less, the inspection object is more than the contents The lack of the contents of the product using the packaging material having a low X-ray transmittance will be inspected, and there is a risk of erroneous determination in the conventional inspection method.

　しかし、このＸ線検査装置では、判定部が補正後の内容物領域における輝度によって内容物の有無を判定するので、包材の厚みの影響を受けずに確実に欠品検査が行われる。 However, in this X-ray inspection apparatus, since the determination unit determines the presence / absence of contents based on the luminance in the corrected content area, the shortage inspection is surely performed without being affected by the thickness of the packaging material.

　本発明の第５観点に係るＸ線検査装置は、第１観点から第３観点のいずれか１つに係るＸ線検査装置であって、内容物の厚みが４ｍｍ以下であるものが検査対象である。 The X-ray inspection apparatus according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is the X-ray inspection apparatus according to any one of the first aspect to the third aspect, wherein the content is 4 mm or less in thickness. is there.

　一般には包材よりもＸ線透過率が小さい内容物の欠品検査が多いことに鑑みると、内容物の厚みが４ｍｍ以下であるものを検査対象とした場合、内容物よりもＸ線透過率が小さい包材を使用している製品の内容物の欠品検査をすることになり、従来の検査方法では誤判定となる虞がある。 In general, in view of the fact that there are many shortage inspections of contents whose X-ray transmittance is smaller than that of the packaging material, when the thickness of the contents is 4 mm or less, the X-ray transmittance is higher than that of the contents. In this case, a shortage inspection of the contents of a product using a small packaging material is performed, and there is a risk of erroneous determination in the conventional inspection method.

　しかし、このＸ線検査装置では、判定部が補正後の内容物領域における輝度によって内容物の有無を判定するので、包材の厚みの影響を受けずに確実に欠品検査が行われる。 However, in this X-ray inspection apparatus, since the determination unit determines the presence / absence of contents based on the luminance in the corrected content area, the shortage inspection is surely performed without being affected by the thickness of the packaging material.

　本発明の第６観点に係るＸ線検査装置は、第１観点から第５観点のいずれか１つに係るＸ線検査装置であって、内容物の不良には、その内容物の欠品、その内容物への異物の混入、及びその内容物の割れ若しくは欠け、が含まれる。 An X-ray inspection apparatus according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is an X-ray inspection apparatus according to any one of the first aspect to the fifth aspect, wherein a defect in the contents is a missing part of the contents, Including foreign matters in the contents and cracking or chipping of the contents are included.

　本発明に係るＸ線検査装置では、内容物領域における輝度は、内容物と包材とを透過した後の値であり、Ｘ線が包材で吸収された分だけ小さくなっているので、その分を補正することによって包材の影響が除去された内容物領域の輝度が得られる。その結果、包材厚みのバラツキによる欠品検査の誤判定を防止することができる。 In the X-ray inspection apparatus according to the present invention, the luminance in the content region is a value after passing through the content and the packaging material, and the X-ray is reduced by the amount absorbed by the packaging material. By correcting the minute, the luminance of the content area from which the influence of the packaging material is removed can be obtained. As a result, misjudgment of missing item inspection due to variations in packaging material thickness can be prevented.

本発明の一実施形態に係るＸ線検査装置の外観斜視図。1 is an external perspective view of an X-ray inspection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Ｘ線検査装置のシールドボックスの内部構成図。The internal block diagram of the shield box of a X-ray inspection apparatus. Ｘ線検査の原理を示す模式図。The schematic diagram which shows the principle of a X-ray inspection. 制御コンピュータのブロック構成図。The block block diagram of a control computer. Ｘ線検査装置の前後の工程構成図。The process block diagram before and behind an X-ray inspection apparatus. 検査対象である商品の斜視図。The perspective view of the goods which are inspection objects. 図６Ａ中のラインＳ－Ｓにおける商品Ｇの断面図。FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of the product G along the line SS in FIG. 6A. 商品のＸ線透過画像の画像図。The image figure of the X-ray transmissive image of goods. ポケット輪郭抽出画像の画像図。The figure of a pocket outline extraction image. 薬剤領域抽出画像の画像図。The image figure of a medicine field extraction picture. 商品のＸ線透過画像に基づくヒストグラム。A histogram based on an X-ray transmission image of a product. ２値化画像を生成する際の閾値の設定状態を示す説明図。Explanatory drawing which shows the setting state of the threshold value at the time of producing | generating a binarized image. Ｘ線検査装置の欠品検査の制御フローチャート。7 is a control flowchart for missing item inspection of the X-ray inspection apparatus.

　以下図面を参照しながら、本発明の実施形態について説明する。なお、以下の実施形態は、本発明の具体例であって、本発明の技術的範囲を限定するものではない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are specific examples of the present invention and do not limit the technical scope of the present invention.

　（１）Ｘ線検査装置１０全体の構成
　図１は、本発明の一実施形態に係るＸ線検査装置の外観斜視図である。図１において、Ｘ線検査装置１０は、食品等の商品Ｇの生産ライン（図５参照）に組み込まれて商品Ｇの品質検査を行う装置の１つであって、連続的に搬送されてくる商品Ｇに対してＸ線を照射することにより商品Ｇの良否判断を行う装置である。 (1) Overall Configuration of X-ray Inspection Apparatus 10 FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of an X-ray inspection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, an X-ray inspection apparatus 10 is one of apparatuses that are incorporated in a production line for a product G such as food (see FIG. 5) and inspects the quality of the product G, and is continuously conveyed. This is an apparatus for determining whether the product G is acceptable by irradiating the product G with X-rays.

　検査対象物である商品Ｇは、前段コンベア６０によってＸ線検査装置１０のところまで運ばれてくる。商品Ｇは、Ｘ線検査装置１０において良品または不良品に分類される。このＸ線検査装置１０での検査結果は、Ｘ線検査装置１０の下流側に配置されている振分機構７０に送られる。 The product G, which is an inspection object, is carried to the X-ray inspection apparatus 10 by the pre-stage conveyor 60. The product G is classified as a non-defective product or a defective product in the X-ray inspection apparatus 10. The inspection result obtained by the X-ray inspection apparatus 10 is sent to a distribution mechanism 70 disposed on the downstream side of the X-ray inspection apparatus 10.

　振分機構７０は、Ｘ線検査装置１０において良品と判断された商品Ｇを、正常品を排出するコンベア８０へと送り、Ｘ線検査装置１０において不良品と判断された商品Ｇを、不良排出方向９０、不良排出方向９１へと振り分ける。 The distribution mechanism 70 sends the product G determined to be a non-defective product by the X-ray inspection apparatus 10 to the conveyor 80 that discharges the normal product, and discharges the product G determined to be a defective product by the X-ray inspection apparatus 10. The direction 90 and the defective discharge direction 91 are distributed.

　（２）詳細構成
　図２は、Ｘ線検査装置のシールドボックスの内部構成図である。図１及び図２において、Ｘ線検査装置１０は、シールドボックス１１と、コンベア１２と、Ｘ線照射器１３と、Ｘ線ラインセンサ１４と、タッチパネル機能付きのモニタ３０（図１参照）と、制御コンピュータ２０（図４参照）とから構成されている。 (2) Detailed Configuration FIG. 2 is an internal configuration diagram of the shield box of the X-ray inspection apparatus. 1 and 2, the X-ray inspection apparatus 10 includes a shield box 11, a conveyor 12, an X-ray irradiator 13, an X-ray line sensor 14, and a monitor 30 with a touch panel function (see FIG. 1). It is comprised from the control computer 20 (refer FIG. 4).

　（２－１）シールドボックス１１
　シールドボックス１１の両側面には、商品Ｇをシールドボックス１１の内外に搬入出させるための開口１１ａが形成されている。開口１１ａは、シールドボックス１１の外部へのＸ線の漏洩を防止するために、遮蔽ノレン（図示せず）により塞がれている。この遮蔽ノレンは、鉛を含むゴムから成形されており、商品Ｇが開口１１ａを通過する際に商品Ｇによって押しのけられるようになっている。 (2-1) Shield box 11
On both side surfaces of the shield box 11, openings 11 a for allowing the product G to be carried in and out of the shield box 11 are formed. The opening 11 a is closed by a shielding noren (not shown) in order to prevent leakage of X-rays to the outside of the shield box 11. This shielding nolen is formed from rubber containing lead and is pushed away by the product G when the product G passes through the opening 11a.

　そして、シールドボックス１１内には、コンベア１２、Ｘ線照射器１３、Ｘ線ラインセンサ１４、制御コンピュータ２０等が収容されている。また、シールドボックス１１の正面上部には、モニタ３０の他、キーの差し込み口および電源スイッチ等が配置されている。 In the shield box 11, a conveyor 12, an X-ray irradiator 13, an X-ray line sensor 14, a control computer 20 and the like are accommodated. In addition to the monitor 30, a key insertion slot, a power switch, and the like are disposed on the front upper portion of the shield box 11.

　（２－２）コンベア１２
　コンベア１２は、シールドボックス１１内において商品Ｇを搬送するものであり、図１に示すように、シールドボックス１１の両側面に形成された開口１１ａを貫通するように配置されている。そして、コンベア１２は、コンベアモータ１２ａ（図４参照）によって駆動される駆動ローラによって無端状のベルトを回転させながら、ベルト上に載置された商品Ｇを搬送する。 (2-2) Conveyor 12
The conveyor 12 conveys the commodity G in the shield box 11 and is disposed so as to penetrate through the openings 11a formed on both side surfaces of the shield box 11 as shown in FIG. And the conveyor 12 conveys the goods G mounted on the belt, rotating an endless belt with the drive roller driven by the conveyor motor 12a (refer FIG. 4).

　コンベア１２による搬送速度は、オペレータが入力した設定速度になるように、制御コンピュータ２０によるコンベアモータ１２ａのインバータ制御によって細かく制御される。また、コンベアモータ１２ａには、コンベア１２による搬送速度を検出して制御コンピュータ２０に送るエンコーダ１２ｂ（図４参照）が装着されている。 The conveyance speed by the conveyor 12 is finely controlled by the inverter control of the conveyor motor 12a by the control computer 20 so as to be the set speed input by the operator. The conveyor motor 12a is equipped with an encoder 12b (see FIG. 4) that detects the conveying speed of the conveyor 12 and sends it to the control computer 20.

　（２－３）Ｘ線照射器１３
　Ｘ線照射器１３は、図２に示すように、コンベア１２の上方に配置されており、下方のＸ線ラインセンサ１４に向けて扇状の照射範囲ＸにＸ線を照射する。 (2-3) X-ray irradiator 13
As shown in FIG. 2, the X-ray irradiator 13 is disposed above the conveyor 12 and irradiates the fan-shaped irradiation range X with X-rays toward the lower X-ray line sensor 14.

　（２－４）Ｘ線ラインセンサ１４
　図３は、Ｘ線検査の原理を示す模式図である。図３において、Ｘ線ラインセンサ１４は、コンベア１２の下方に配置されており、主として多数の画素センサ１４ａから構成されている。これらの画素センサ１４ａは、コンベア１２による搬送方向に直交する向きに一直線に水平配置されている。また、各画素センサ１４ａは、商品Ｇやコンベア１２を透過したＸ線を検出し、Ｘ線透視像信号を出力する。Ｘ線透視像信号は、Ｘ線の明るさ（濃度）を示すものである。 (2-4) X-ray line sensor 14
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of X-ray inspection. In FIG. 3, the X-ray line sensor 14 is disposed below the conveyor 12, and mainly includes a large number of pixel sensors 14a. These pixel sensors 14 a are horizontally arranged in a straight line in a direction orthogonal to the conveying direction by the conveyor 12. Each pixel sensor 14a detects X-rays that have passed through the product G or the conveyor 12, and outputs an X-ray fluoroscopic image signal. The X-ray fluoroscopic image signal indicates the brightness (density) of X-rays.

　（２－５）モニタ３０
　モニタ３０は、フルドット表示の液晶ディスプレイであり、検査時に必要となる検査パラメータ等の入力をオペレータに促す画面を表示する。また、モニタ３０は、タッチパネル機能も有しており、オペレータからの検査パラメータ等の入力を受け付ける。 (2-5) Monitor 30
The monitor 30 is a full-dot liquid crystal display, and displays a screen that prompts the operator to input inspection parameters and the like necessary for inspection. The monitor 30 also has a touch panel function and accepts input of inspection parameters and the like from the operator.

　（２－６）制御コンピュータ２０
　図４は、制御コンピュータのブロック構成図である。図４において、制御コンピュータ２０は、ＣＰＵ（中央演算処理装置）２１、ＲＯＭ（リードオンリーメモリ）２２、ＲＡＭ（ランダムアクセスメモリ）２３、ＨＤＤ（ハードディスク）２５および記憶メディア等を挿入するためのドライブ２４を搭載している。 (2-6) Control computer 20
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the control computer. In FIG. 4, the control computer 20 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 21, ROM (Read Only Memory) 22, RAM (Random Access Memory) 23, HDD (Hard Disk) 25, and a drive 24 for inserting a storage medium. It is equipped with.

　ＣＰＵ２１では、ＲＯＭ２２やＨＤＤ２５に格納されている各種プログラムが実行される。ＨＤＤ２５には、検査パラメータや検査結果が保存蓄積される。検査パラメータについては、モニタ３０のタッチパネル機能を使ったオペレータからの入力によって設定及び変更が可能である。オペレータは、これらのデータがＨＤＤ２５だけでなくドライブ２４に挿入された記憶メディアにも保存蓄積されるように設定することができる。 The CPU 21 executes various programs stored in the ROM 22 and the HDD 25. The HDD 25 stores and accumulates inspection parameters and inspection results. The inspection parameters can be set and changed by input from the operator using the touch panel function of the monitor 30. The operator can set so that these data are stored and accumulated not only in the HDD 25 but also in a storage medium inserted in the drive 24.

　さらに、制御コンピュータ２０は、モニタ３０でのデータ表示を制御する表示制御回路（図示せず）、モニタ３０のタッチパネルを介してオペレータにより入力されたキー入力データを取り込むキー入力回路（図示せず）、プリンタ（図示せず）等の外部機器やＬＡＮ等のネットワークとの接続を可能にする通信ポート（図示せず）なども備えている。 Further, the control computer 20 includes a display control circuit (not shown) for controlling data display on the monitor 30 and a key input circuit (not shown) for capturing key input data input by the operator via the touch panel of the monitor 30. And a communication port (not shown) that enables connection with an external device such as a printer (not shown) or a network such as a LAN.

　そして、制御コンピュータ２０の各部（２１～２５）は、アドレスバスやデータバス等のバスラインを介して相互に接続されている。 The units (21 to 25) of the control computer 20 are connected to each other via a bus line such as an address bus or a data bus.

　また、制御コンピュータ２０は、コンベアモータ１２ａ、エンコーダ１２ｂ、光電センサ１５、Ｘ線照射器１３、Ｘ線ラインセンサ１４等に接続されている。光電センサ１５は、検体である商品Ｇが扇状のＸ線の照射範囲Ｘ（図２参照）を通過するタイミングを検知するための同期センサであり、主として、コンベア１２を挟んで配置される一対の投光器および受光器から構成されている。 The control computer 20 is connected to a conveyor motor 12a, an encoder 12b, a photoelectric sensor 15, an X-ray irradiator 13, an X-ray line sensor 14, and the like. The photoelectric sensor 15 is a synchronous sensor for detecting the timing when the product G as a specimen passes through the fan-shaped X-ray irradiation range X (see FIG. 2), and is mainly a pair of sensors arranged with the conveyor 12 interposed therebetween. It consists of a projector and a light receiver.

　（３）ＣＰＵ２１の構成
　制御コンピュータ２０のＨＤＤ２５には、画像生成モジュール、領域生成モジュール、輝度補正モジュール、良否判定モジュール、異物検査モジュール、総合診断モジュール、ヒストグラム作成モジュール、及び２値化画像作成モジュールを含む各種プログラムが格納されている。そして、制御コンピュータ２０のＣＰＵ２１は、これらのプログラムモジュールを読み出して実行することにより、画像生成部２１ａ、領域生成部２１ｂ、輝度補正部２１ｃ、良否判定部２１ｄ、異物検査部２１ｅ、総合診断部２１ｆ、ヒストグラム作成部２１ｇ、及び２値化画像生成部２１ｈ（図４参照）として動作する。 (3) Configuration of CPU 21 The HDD 25 of the control computer 20 includes an image generation module, an area generation module, a brightness correction module, a pass / fail determination module, a foreign substance inspection module, a comprehensive diagnosis module, a histogram generation module, and a binarized image generation module. Contains various programs. Then, the CPU 21 of the control computer 20 reads and executes these program modules, whereby an image generation unit 21a, a region generation unit 21b, a luminance correction unit 21c, a quality determination unit 21d, a foreign matter inspection unit 21e, and a comprehensive diagnosis unit 21f. , And operates as a histogram creation unit 21g and a binarized image generation unit 21h (see FIG. 4).

　（３－１）画像生成部２１ａ
　画像生成部２１ａは、Ｘ線ラインセンサ１４から出力されるＸ線透視像信号に基づいて、商品ＧのＸ線透過画像を生成する。画像生成部２１ａは、商品Ｇが扇状のＸ線の照射範囲Ｘ（図２参照）を通過するときにＸ線ラインセンサ１４の各画素センサ１４ａから出力されるＸ線透視像信号を細かい時間間隔で取得し、取得したＸ線透視像信号に基づいて商品ＧのＸ線透過画像を生成する。なお、商品Ｇが扇状のＸ線の照射範囲Ｘを通過するタイミングは、光電センサ１５からの信号により判断される。すなわち、画像生成部２１ａは、Ｘ線ラインセンサ１４の各画素センサ１４ａから得られるＸ線の明るさに関する細かい時間間隔毎のデータをマトリクス状に時系列につなぎ合わせることにより、商品Ｇを写すＸ線透過画像を生成する。 (3-1) Image generation unit 21a
The image generation unit 21 a generates an X-ray transmission image of the product G based on the X-ray fluoroscopic image signal output from the X-ray line sensor 14. The image generation unit 21a uses the X-ray fluoroscopic image signal output from each pixel sensor 14a of the X-ray line sensor 14 when the product G passes the fan-shaped X-ray irradiation range X (see FIG. 2) at fine time intervals. And an X-ray transmission image of the product G is generated based on the acquired X-ray fluoroscopic image signal. The timing at which the product G passes through the fan-shaped X-ray irradiation range X is determined by a signal from the photoelectric sensor 15. In other words, the image generation unit 21a copies the product G by connecting the data for each fine time interval related to the X-ray brightness obtained from each pixel sensor 14a of the X-ray line sensor 14 in a matrix in time series. A line transmission image is generated.

　（３－２）領域生成部２１ｂ
　領域生成部２１ｂは、画像生成部２１ａにより生成された商品Ｇを写すＸ線透過画像において、内容物を含まない包材のみからなる包装領域と、内容物と包材からなる内容物領域とに領域を分ける。 (3-2) Region generator 21b
In the X-ray transmission image which copies the goods G produced | generated by the image generation part 21a, the area | region production | generation part 21b is divided into the packaging area | region which consists only of the packaging material which does not contain a content, and the content area | region which consists of a content and a packaging material. Divide the area.

　（３－３）輝度補正部２１ｃ
　輝度補正部２１ｃは、Ｘ線透過画像における包装領域の輝度に基づいて内容物領域の輝度を補正する。内容物領域における輝度は、内容物と包材とを透過した後の値であり、Ｘ線が包材で吸収された分だけ小さく（即ち、暗く）なっているので、その分を補正することによって包材の影響が除去された内容物領域の輝度が得られる。 (3-3) Brightness correction unit 21c
The brightness correction unit 21c corrects the brightness of the content area based on the brightness of the packaging area in the X-ray transmission image. The brightness in the contents area is a value after passing through the contents and the packaging material, and X-rays are reduced by the amount absorbed by the packaging material (that is, darkened). Thus, the brightness of the content area from which the influence of the packaging material is removed can be obtained.

　（３－４）良否判定部２１ｄ
　良否判定部２１ｄは、補正後の内容物領域における輝度によって内容物の有無を判定する。内容物領域における輝度が、予め設定された許容範囲内であれば適正量の内容物が存在しているとして良品の判定を行う。これに対し、輝度が許容範囲外であれば内容物が適正量を欠いているか、或いは存在しないとして欠品の判定を行う。 (3-4) Pass / fail judgment unit 21d
The pass / fail determination unit 21d determines the presence / absence of contents based on the luminance in the corrected content area. If the luminance in the content area is within a preset allowable range, a non-defective product is determined that an appropriate amount of content is present. On the other hand, if the luminance is out of the allowable range, it is determined that the content lacks an appropriate amount or does not exist.

　（３－５）異物検査部２１ｅ
　異物検査部２１ｅは、画像生成部２１ａにより生成された商品ＧのＸ線透過画像に対して２値化処理を施すことにより、商品Ｇに含まれる異物を検出する。より具体的には、商品ＧのＸ線透過画像Ｐ上に予め設定した閾値よりも暗く現れる領域が存在する場合には、その商品Ｇに異物が混入していると判断し、その商品Ｇを異常と判断する。 (3-5) Foreign matter inspection unit 21e
The foreign substance inspection unit 21e detects a foreign substance contained in the product G by performing a binarization process on the X-ray transmission image of the product G generated by the image generation unit 21a. More specifically, when there is an area that appears darker than a preset threshold on the X-ray transmission image P of the product G, it is determined that foreign matter is mixed in the product G, and the product G is Judge as abnormal.

　（３－６）総合診断部２１ｆ
　良否判定部２１ｄは、欠品であること判断すると、直ちにその旨を示す信号を総合診断部２１ｆに送る。総合診断部２１ｆは、良否判定部２１ｄから当該信号を受け取ると、商品Ｇを不良品であると診断するとともに、直ちに良否判定部２１ｄによる検査を終了させる。 (3-6) General diagnosis unit 21f
If the pass / fail determination unit 21d determines that the product is a shortage, it immediately sends a signal indicating that fact to the comprehensive diagnosis unit 21f. When the comprehensive diagnosis unit 21f receives the signal from the quality determination unit 21d, the general diagnosis unit 21f diagnoses the product G as a defective product and immediately ends the inspection by the quality determination unit 21d.

　また、異物検査部２１ｅは、異物が含まれると判断すると、直ちにその旨を示す信号を総合診断部２１ｆに送る。総合診断部２１ｆは、異物検査部２１ｅから当該信号を受け取った場合には、商品Ｇを不良品であると診断するとともに、直ちに異物検査部２１ｅによる検査を終了させる。 Further, when the foreign matter inspection unit 21e determines that a foreign matter is included, it immediately sends a signal indicating that to the comprehensive diagnosis unit 21f. When receiving the signal from the foreign matter inspection unit 21e, the comprehensive diagnosis unit 21f diagnoses the product G as a defective product and immediately ends the inspection by the foreign matter inspection unit 21e.

　また、総合診断部２１ｆは、良否判定部２１ｄ及び異物検査部２１ｅから異常が検出されなかった旨を示す信号を受け取った場合には、商品Ｇを良品であると診断する。そして、総合診断部２１ｆは、診断結果を振分機構７０へ送る。 Further, when the comprehensive diagnosis unit 21f receives a signal indicating that no abnormality has been detected from the quality determination unit 21d and the foreign matter inspection unit 21e, the general diagnosis unit 21f diagnoses the product G as a non-defective product. Then, the comprehensive diagnosis unit 21 f sends the diagnosis result to the distribution mechanism 70.

　（３－７）ヒストグラム作成部２１ｇ
　ヒストグラム作成部２１ｇは、Ｘ線透過画像を構成する全画素を、所定幅の輝度ごとに分類して画素数をカウントすることにより、輝度ごとの画素数を示すヒストグラムを作成する。 (3-7) Histogram creation unit 21g
The histogram creation unit 21g creates a histogram indicating the number of pixels for each luminance by classifying all the pixels constituting the X-ray transmission image for each luminance of a predetermined width and counting the number of pixels.

　（３－８）２値化画像生成部２１ｈ
　２値化画像生成部２１ｈは、Ｘ線透過画像を所定の閾値を用いて２値化することにより、２値化画像を生成する。 (3-8) Binary image generation unit 21h
The binarized image generation unit 21h generates a binarized image by binarizing the X-ray transmission image using a predetermined threshold.

　（４）Ｘ線検査装置１０の欠品検査
　（４－１）商品Ｇ
　図６Ａは、検査対象である商品Ｇの斜視図である。また、図６Ｂは、図６Ａ中のラインＳ－Ｓにおける商品Ｇの断面図である。図６Ａ及び図６Ｂにおいて商品Ｇでは、薬剤ｍがパッケージ４０によって密封されている。 (4) X-ray inspection device 10 missing item inspection (4-1) Product G
FIG. 6A is a perspective view of a product G to be inspected. 6B is a cross-sectional view of the commodity G along the line SS in FIG. 6A. In FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B, in the product G, the medicine m is sealed by the package 40.

　パッケージ４０は、樹脂製のパッケージケース４１とパッケージカバー４３とで構成されている。パッケージケース４１は、複数の凹状のポケット部４１ｐと、各ポケット部４１ｐの開口部の周縁を繋ぐシート部４１ｓとが一体成形されている。パッケージケース４１の材質はプラスチックであり、その厚みは薄く０．３ｍｍ以下である。 The package 40 includes a resin package case 41 and a package cover 43. The package case 41 is integrally formed with a plurality of concave pocket portions 41p and a sheet portion 41s that connects the peripheral edges of the openings of the pocket portions 41p. The material of the package case 41 is plastic, and its thickness is thin and 0.3 mm or less.

　パッケージカバー４３は、パッケージケース４１のポケット部４１ｐの開口を塞ぐ領域以外は、パッケージケース４１のシート部４１ｓに密着するシール領域である。パッケージカバー４３は、紙製、若しくはアルミニウム製のシートであり、その厚みは薄く０．３ｍｍ以下である。 The package cover 43 is a seal region that is in close contact with the sheet portion 41 s of the package case 41 except for a region that closes the opening of the pocket portion 41 p of the package case 41. The package cover 43 is a sheet made of paper or aluminum and has a thin thickness of 0.3 mm or less.

　（４－２）商品ＧのＸ線透過画像Ｐ０の生成
　図７Ａは、商品ＧのＸ線透過画像Ｐ０の画像図である。図７Ａにおいて、パッケージケース４１のシート部４１ｓとパッケージカバー４３とが密着している領域、つまり包材のみの領域（以後、包装領域Ｒｆという。）は透過Ｘ線の強度が低くなるため、Ｘ線透過画像Ｐ０においては暗く表示される。 (4-2) Generation of X-ray Transmission Image P0 of Product G FIG. 7A is an image diagram of the X-ray transmission image P0 of product G. In FIG. 7A, the region where the sheet portion 41s of the package case 41 and the package cover 43 are in close contact, that is, the region of only the packaging material (hereinafter referred to as the packaging region Rf) has a low transmitted X-ray intensity. The line transmission image P0 is darkly displayed.

　パッケージカバー４３で塞がれたパッケージケース４１のポケット部４１ｐ部には薬剤ｍが収容されているが、薬剤自体は薄くＸ線を十分に吸収しないので、包装領域Ｒｆとの差異がつき難い領域である（以後、薬剤領域Ｒｎという。）。 Although the medicine m is accommodated in the pocket portion 41p of the package case 41 closed by the package cover 43, the medicine itself is thin and does not absorb X-rays sufficiently, so that it is difficult to make a difference from the packaging area Rf. (Hereinafter referred to as drug region Rn).

　しかし、ポケット部４１ｐの円周壁４１ｐｗ（図６Ｂ参照）については、円周壁４１ｐｗがＸ線照射方向に隆起しているので透過距離が長くなる分、包装領域Ｒｆよりも透過Ｘ線の強度が低くなる。そのため、ポケット部４１ｐの円周壁４１ｐｗは包装領域Ｒｆよりも透過Ｘ線の強度が低くなり、Ｘ線透過画像Ｐ０においては包装領域Ｒｆよりも暗く表示される（以後、ポケット部輪郭領域Ｒｐという。）。 However, the circumferential wall 41pw (see FIG. 6B) of the pocket portion 41p has a lower transmission X-ray intensity than the packaging region Rf because the circumferential wall 41pw is raised in the X-ray irradiation direction and the transmission distance becomes longer. Become. Therefore, the circumferential wall 41pw of the pocket portion 41p has a lower transmission X-ray intensity than the packaging region Rf, and is displayed darker than the packaging region Rf in the X-ray transmission image P0 (hereinafter referred to as a pocket portion contour region Rp). ).

　なお、包装領域Ｒｆより外側は背景（コンベア）であり、最も明るく表示される（以後、背景領域Ｒｂという。）。 Note that the outside of the packaging area Rf is the background (conveyor) and is displayed brightest (hereinafter referred to as the background area Rb).

　（４－３）ヒストグラムの作成
　画像生成部２１ａによって生成されたＸ線透過画像Ｐ０に関するＸ線データがヒストグラム作成部２１ｇに入力され、ヒストグラム作成部９２によってヒストグラムが作成される。 (4-3) Creation of Histogram X-ray data related to the X-ray transmission image P0 generated by the image generation unit 21a is input to the histogram generation unit 21g, and the histogram generation unit 92 generates a histogram.

　ヒストグラム作成部２１ｇは、Ｘ線透過画像Ｐ０を構成する全画素を、所定幅の輝度ごとに分類して画素数をカウントすることにより、輝度ごとの画素数を示すヒストグラムを作成する。 The histogram creation unit 21g creates a histogram indicating the number of pixels for each luminance by classifying all the pixels constituting the X-ray transmission image P0 for each luminance of a predetermined width and counting the number of pixels.

　図８は、商品ＧのＸ線透過画像Ｐ０に基づくヒストグラムである。図８において、ヒストグラムには、包装領域Ｒｆに対応するピークａと、背景領域Ｒｂに対応するピークｂとが存在する。 FIG. 8 is a histogram based on the X-ray transmission image P0 of the product G. In FIG. 8, the histogram includes a peak a corresponding to the packaging region Rf and a peak b corresponding to the background region Rb.

　薬剤領域Ｒｎの輝度は、包装領域Ｒｆの輝度との差が小さいので、ピークａを含む分布の裾野の近傍にあると推定される。 The luminance of the drug region Rn is estimated to be in the vicinity of the bottom of the distribution including the peak a because the difference from the luminance of the packaging region Rf is small.

　（４－４）２値化画像の生成
　２値化画像生成部２１ｈは、Ｘ線透過画像Ｐ０を閾値Ｔｈで２値化することにより２値化画像を生成する。 (4-4) Generation of binarized image The binarized image generation unit 21h generates a binarized image by binarizing the X-ray transmission image P0 with a threshold Th.

　図９は、２値化画像を生成する際の閾値Ｔｈの設定状態を示す説明図である。図９において、２値化画像を生成するための閾値Ｔｈとして、包装領域Ｒｆよりも暗く、ポケット部輪郭領域Ｒｐよりも明るい輝度値が設定される。より具体的には、図８に示すピークａを含む分布よりもわずかに低い輝度値が設定される。そして、２値化画像生成部２１ｈが、Ｘ線透過画像Ｐ０を閾値Ｔｈで２値化することにより、２値化画像が生成される。この画像をポケット輪郭抽出画像Ｐ１という。 FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a setting state of the threshold Th when a binarized image is generated. In FIG. 9, a brightness value that is darker than the packaging region Rf and brighter than the pocket contour region Rp is set as the threshold Th for generating the binarized image. More specifically, a luminance value slightly lower than the distribution including the peak a shown in FIG. 8 is set. Then, the binarized image generation unit 21h binarizes the X-ray transmission image P0 with the threshold Th, thereby generating a binarized image. This image is referred to as a pocket contour extraction image P1.

　図７Ｂは、ポケット輪郭抽出画像Ｐ１の画像図である。図７Ｂにおいて、２値化によってポケット部輪郭領域Ｒｐより明るい領域（閾値Ｔｈ以上の部分）は白色で表示される。ポケット部輪郭領域Ｒｐは、薬剤領域Ｒｎと包装領域Ｒｆとを区切っている。 FIG. 7B is an image diagram of the pocket contour extraction image P1. In FIG. 7B, a region brighter than the pocket outline region Rp (portion greater than or equal to the threshold Th) is displayed in white by binarization. The pocket outline region Rp delimits the drug region Rn and the packaging region Rf.

　（４－５）薬剤領域抽出画像Ｐ２の生成
　ここでは、薬剤領域Ｒｎと包装領域Ｒｆとが明確に区切られたポケット輪郭抽出画像Ｐ１（図７Ｂ）をさらに加工して、薬剤領域Ｒｎの内側領域だけを抽出する。これによって、薬剤領域Ｒｎだけが白色でそれ以外は黒色の薬剤領域抽出画像Ｐ２が生成される。 (4-5) Generation of Drug Region Extracted Image P2 Here, the pocket contour extracted image P1 (FIG. 7B) in which the drug region Rn and the packaging region Rf are clearly separated is further processed to create an inner region of the drug region Rn. Just extract. As a result, a medicine region extraction image P2 in which only the medicine region Rn is white and the others are black is generated.

　図７Ｃは、薬剤領域抽出画像Ｐ２の画像図である。図７Ｃにおいて、白色で表示されている領域が薬剤領域Ｒｎである。各薬剤領域Ｒｎの輝度は、薬剤、及び包材（パッケージケース４１及びパッケージカバー４３）を透過したＸ線データに基づくので、包装領域Ｒｆの輝度の影響を受けている。 FIG. 7C is an image diagram of the medicine region extraction image P2. In FIG. 7C, the region displayed in white is the drug region Rn. The luminance of each medicine region Rn is influenced by the luminance of the packaging region Rf because it is based on the medicine and the X-ray data transmitted through the packaging material (the package case 41 and the package cover 43).

　したがって、図７Ｃより各薬剤領域（Ｒｎ1～Ｒｎ10）の輝度（Ｂ1～Ｂ10）を求め、それぞれから包装領域Ｒｆの輝度Ａを減算すれば、薬剤のみを透過したＸ線の輝度を求めることができ、［Ｂｉ－Ａ］が予め設定した値α以下なら、薬剤の充填不足、又は欠品と判定することができる。 Therefore, if the luminance (B 1 to B 10 ) of each drug region (Rn 1 to Rn 10 ) is obtained from FIG. 7C and the luminance A of the packaging region Rf is subtracted from each, the luminance of the X-ray transmitted only through the drug can be obtained. If [Bi-A] is equal to or less than a preset value α, it can be determined that the medicine is insufficiently filled or missing.

　（４－６）欠品検査の制御フロー
　上記の動作の流れを、制御フローチャートを参照しながら説明する。図１０は、Ｘ線検査装置１０の欠品検査の制御フローチャートである。図１０において、制御コンピュータ２０は、以下の制御を行う。 (4-6) Control Flow for Out-of-stock Inspection The flow of the above operation will be described with reference to a control flowchart. FIG. 10 is a control flowchart of the shortage inspection of the X-ray inspection apparatus 10. In FIG. 10, the control computer 20 performs the following control.

　（ステップＳ１）
　先ず、制御コンピュータ２０は、ステップＳ１において、Ｘ線データの入力の有無を判定し、Ｘ線データの入力があったときはステップＳ２に進み、Ｘ線データの入力がないときはＸ線データの入力の有無の判定を継続する。 (Step S1)
First, in step S1, the control computer 20 determines whether or not X-ray data is input. If X-ray data is input, the control computer 20 proceeds to step S2, and if no X-ray data is input, the control computer 20 Continue to determine whether there is input.

　（ステップＳ２）
　次に、制御コンピュータ２０は、ステップＳ２において、画像生成部２１ａを介してＸ線透過画像Ｐ０を生成し、ステップＳ３に進む。 (Step S2)
Next, in step S2, the control computer 20 generates an X-ray transmission image P0 via the image generation unit 21a, and proceeds to step S3.

　（ステップＳ３）
　次に、制御コンピュータ２０は、ステップＳ３において、ヒストグラム作成部２１ｇを介してヒストグラムを作成し、ステップＳ４に進む。 (Step S3)
Next, in step S3, the control computer 20 creates a histogram via the histogram creation unit 21g, and proceeds to step S4.

　（ステップＳ４）
　次に、制御コンピュータ２０は、ステップＳ４において、２値化画像生成部２１ｈを介してポケット輪郭抽出画像Ｐ１を生成し、ステップＳ５に進む。 (Step S4)
Next, in step S4, the control computer 20 generates the pocket contour extraction image P1 via the binarized image generation unit 21h, and proceeds to step S5.

　（ステップＳ５）
　次に、制御コンピュータ２０は、ステップＳ５において、２値化画像生成部２１ｈを介してポケット輪郭抽出画像Ｐ１から薬剤領域抽出画像Ｐ２を生成し、ステップＳ６に進む。 (Step S5)
Next, in step S5, the control computer 20 generates a drug region extraction image P2 from the pocket contour extraction image P1 via the binarized image generation unit 21h, and proceeds to step S6.

　（ステップＳ６）
　次に、制御コンピュータ２０は、ステップＳ６において、輝度補正部２１ｃを介して薬剤領域抽出画像Ｐ２の各薬剤領域（Ｒｎ1～Ｒｎ10）の平均輝度（Ｂ1～Ｂ10）を求める。なお、任意の薬剤領域Ｒｎの平均輝度ＢをＢｉとする。 (Step S6)
Next, in step S6, the control computer 20 obtains the average luminance (B 1 to B 10 ) of each drug region (Rn 1 to Rn 10 ) of the drug region extraction image P2 via the luminance correction unit 21c. Note that Bi is the average luminance B of any drug region Rn.

　（ステップＳ７）
　次に、制御コンピュータ２０は、ステップＳ７において、輝度補正部２１ｃを介して包装領域Ｒｆの輝度を取得する。ここでは、最頻値である輝度Ａを採用している。 (Step S7)
Next, in step S7, the control computer 20 acquires the brightness of the packaging region Rf via the brightness correction unit 21c. Here, the luminance A, which is the mode value, is employed.

　（ステップＳ８）
　次に、制御コンピュータ２０は、ステップＳ８において、先ずは輝度補正部２１ｃを介して［Ｂｉ－Ａ］を求め、次に良否判定部２１ｄを介してＢｉ－Ａ≦αであるか否かを判定する。制御コンピュータ２０は、Ｂｉ－Ａ≦αのときはステップＳ９へ進み、Ｂｉ－Ａ≦αでないときはステップＳ１へ戻る。 (Step S8)
Next, in step S8, the control computer 20 first obtains [Bi-A] via the luminance correction unit 21c, and then determines whether or not Bi-A ≦ α via the pass / fail judgment unit 21d. To do. The control computer 20 proceeds to step S9 when Bi−A ≦ α, and returns to step S1 when Bi−A ≦ α.

　（ステップＳ９）
　そして、制御コンピュータ２０は、ステップＳ９において、良否判定部２１ｄを介して欠品判定信号を総合診断部２１ｆへ送信する。 (Step S9)
In step S9, the control computer 20 transmits a missing part determination signal to the comprehensive diagnosis unit 21f via the pass / fail determination unit 21d.

　以上のように、上記制御によれば薬剤領域Ｒｎの輝度から包材の影響を相殺できるので、たとえ包材厚みがロット毎に変動しても、その影響を排除して欠品検査を行うことができ、非常に薄い薬剤のような内容物であっても正確な欠品判定が行われる。 As described above, according to the above control, the influence of the packaging material can be offset from the luminance of the medicine region Rn. Therefore, even if the packaging material thickness varies from lot to lot, the influence is eliminated and the shortage inspection is performed. Even if the content is very thin, such as a drug, accurate missing item determination is performed.

　（５）特徴
　（５－１）
　Ｘ線検査装置１０では、薬剤領域Ｒｎにおける輝度は、内容物と包材とを透過した後の値であり、Ｘ線が包材で吸収された分だけ輝度が小さくなっているので、その分を補正することによって包材の影響が除去された薬剤領域Ｒｎの輝度が得られる。その結果、包材厚みのバラツキによる欠品検査の誤判定を防止することができる。 (5) Features (5-1)
In the X-ray inspection apparatus 10, the luminance in the medicine region Rn is a value after passing through the contents and the packaging material, and the luminance is reduced by the amount absorbed by the packaging material. Is corrected to obtain the luminance of the drug region Rn from which the influence of the packaging material is removed. As a result, misjudgment of missing item inspection due to variations in packaging material thickness can be prevented.

　（５－２）
　Ｘ線検査装置１０は、輝度補正部２１ｃが、包装領域Ｒｆの全部又は一部の輝度に基づいて、薬剤領域Ｒｎの輝度に対する包装領域Ｒｆの輝度の影響を求め、薬剤領域Ｒｎの輝度から当該影響を相殺する。 (5-2)
In the X-ray inspection apparatus 10, the luminance correction unit 21 c obtains the influence of the luminance of the packaging region Rf on the luminance of the medicine region Rn based on the luminance of all or part of the packaging region Rf, and calculates the luminance from the luminance of the medicine region Rn. Offset the impact.

　（６）その他
　上記実施形態では、薬剤ｍがパッケージ４０によって密封されている商品Ｇを対象に、薬剤ｍの欠品検査について説明した。 (6) Others In the embodiment described above, the shortage inspection of the medicine m has been described for the product G in which the medicine m is sealed by the package 40.

　上記のような商品Ｇ以外で検査対象と成り得るのは、内容物よりもＸ線透過率が小さい包材を使用している場合であり、具体的には、樹脂製包材の厚みが０．３ｍｍ以下であるもの、内容物の厚みが４ｍｍ以下であるものが検査対象と成り得る。 Other than the product G as described above, the inspection target can be a case where a packaging material having a smaller X-ray transmittance than the contents is used. Specifically, the thickness of the resin packaging material is 0. Those having a thickness of 3 mm or less and those having a content thickness of 4 mm or less can be inspection objects.

　Ｘ線検査装置１０では、良否判定部２１ｄが補正後の薬剤領域Ｒｎにおける輝度によって内容物の有無を判定するので、内容物よりもＸ線透過率が小さい包材を使用していることの影響を受けずに確実に欠品検査が行われる。 In the X-ray inspection apparatus 10, the pass / fail determination unit 21 d determines the presence / absence of contents based on the luminance in the corrected drug region Rn, and therefore the influence of using a packaging material having a smaller X-ray transmittance than the contents. The shortage inspection is performed without fail.

　（７）他の適用例
　上記実施形態では、内容物の有無を検査する欠品検査を例にして、Ｘ線検査装置１０について説明してきた。しかし、Ｘ線検査装置１０の適用例は、欠品検査だけに限定されるものではなく、例えば、内容物への異物混入の検査、内容物の割れ若しくは欠けの検査なども行うことができる。 (7) Other Application Examples In the above-described embodiment, the X-ray inspection apparatus 10 has been described by taking the shortage inspection for inspecting the presence or absence of contents as an example. However, the application example of the X-ray inspection apparatus 10 is not limited to the shortage inspection, and for example, inspection of contamination of the contents, inspection of cracks or chipping of the contents, and the like can be performed.

　本発明のＸ線検査装置は、Ｘ線透過画像に含まれる領域における明るさから内容物の欠品の有無を判定するＸ線検査装置に対して広く適用可能である。 The X-ray inspection apparatus of the present invention can be widely applied to X-ray inspection apparatuses that determine the presence / absence of a missing item from the brightness in an area included in an X-ray transmission image.

１０　　　　　Ｘ線検査装置
１４　　　　　Ｘ線ラインセンサ
２１ａ　　　　画像生成部
２１ｂ　　　　領域生成部
２１ｃ　　　　輝度補正部
２１ｄ　　　　良否判定部（判定部）
４０　　　　　パッケージ（包材）
ｍ　　　　　　薬剤（内容物）
Ｒｆ　　　　　包装領域
Ｒｎ　　　　　薬剤領域（内容物領域）
Ｐ０　　　　　Ｘ線透過画像 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 X-ray inspection apparatus 14 X-ray line sensor 21a Image generation part 21b Area | region production | generation part 21c Luminance correction | amendment part 21d Pass / fail judgment part (determination part)
40 package
m Drug (content)
Rf Packaging area Rn Drug area (content area)
P0 X-ray transmission image

特開２０１４－１１５１３８号公報JP 2014-115138 A

Claims (6)

　包材で内容物を包装した商品に対してＸ線を照射し、前記商品を透過したＸ線の透過量をＸ線検出センサで検出し、前記Ｘ線検出センサの検出結果に基づいて、前記内容物の不良を判定し、検査を行うＸ線検査装置であって、
　前記Ｘ線検出センサの検出結果からＸ線透過画像を生成する画像生成部と、
　前記Ｘ線透過画像において、前記内容物を含まない前記包材のみからなる包装領域と、前記内容物と前記包材からなる内容物領域とに領域を分ける領域生成部と、
　前記Ｘ線透過画像における前記包装領域の輝度に基づいて前記内容物領域の輝度を補正する輝度補正部と、
　補正後の前記内容物領域における輝度によって前記内容物の有無を判定する判定部と、
を備えるＸ線検査装置。 Irradiate X-rays to the product whose contents are packaged with the packaging material, detect the amount of X-ray transmitted through the product with an X-ray detection sensor, and based on the detection result of the X-ray detection sensor, It is an X-ray inspection apparatus that determines a defect of contents and performs an inspection,
An image generation unit that generates an X-ray transmission image from a detection result of the X-ray detection sensor;
In the X-ray transmission image, an area generation unit that divides an area into a packaging area composed only of the packaging material not including the contents, and a content area composed of the contents and the packaging material,
A luminance correction unit that corrects the luminance of the content region based on the luminance of the packaging region in the X-ray transmission image;
A determination unit that determines the presence or absence of the content according to the luminance in the content region after correction;
An X-ray inspection apparatus comprising: 　前記輝度補正部は、前記包装領域の全部又は一部の輝度に基づいて、前記内容物領域の輝度に対する前記包装領域の輝度の影響を求め、前記内容物領域の輝度から前記影響を相殺する、
請求項１に記載のＸ線検査装置。 The luminance correction unit obtains the influence of the luminance of the packaging region on the luminance of the content region based on the luminance of all or part of the packaging region, and cancels the influence from the luminance of the content region.
The X-ray inspection apparatus according to claim 1. 　前記包材のＸ線透過率が前記内容物のＸ線透過率より小さいものを検査対象とする、
請求項１又は請求項２に記載のＸ線検査装置。 The X-ray transmittance of the packaging material is smaller than the X-ray transmittance of the contents to be inspected,
The X-ray inspection apparatus according to claim 1 or 2. 　前記包材は、樹脂製包材を含み、
　前記樹脂製包材の厚みが０．３ｍｍ以下であるものを検査対象とする、
請求項１から請求項３のいずれか１項に記載のＸ線検査装置。 The packaging material includes a resin packaging material,
The inspection target is a resin packaging material having a thickness of 0.3 mm or less.
The X-ray inspection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 　前記内容物の厚みが４ｍｍ以下であるものを検査対象とする、
請求項１から請求項３のいずれか１項に記載のＸ線検査装置。 Inspecting the contents whose thickness is 4 mm or less,
The X-ray inspection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 　前記内容物の不良には、前記内容物の欠品、前記内容物への異物の混入、及び前記内容物の割れ若しくは欠け、が含まれる、
請求項１から請求項５のいずれか１項に記載のＸ線検査装置。 Defects in the contents include missing parts of the contents, mixing of foreign matters into the contents, and cracking or chipping of the contents.
The X-ray inspection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
PCT/JP2017/010933 2016-03-18 2017-03-17 X-ray inspection apparatus Ceased WO2017159856A1 (en)

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