WO2017148237A1 - 一种低剖面宽带高增益滤波天线 - Google Patents

一种低剖面宽带高增益滤波天线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017148237A1
WO2017148237A1 PCT/CN2017/072786 CN2017072786W WO2017148237A1 WO 2017148237 A1 WO2017148237 A1 WO 2017148237A1 CN 2017072786 W CN2017072786 W CN 2017072786W WO 2017148237 A1 WO2017148237 A1 WO 2017148237A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiator
microstrip line
antenna
dielectric substrate
filter antenna
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2017/072786
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
潘咏梅
胡鹏飞
章秀银
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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Priority claimed from CN201610116579.7A external-priority patent/CN105591197B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710009959.5A external-priority patent/CN106684548A/zh
Application filed by South China University of Technology SCUT filed Critical South China University of Technology SCUT
Priority to US15/554,714 priority Critical patent/US10008781B1/en
Publication of WO2017148237A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017148237A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
    • H01Q15/0053—Selective devices used as spatial filter or angular sidelobe filter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
    • H01Q9/0457—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means electromagnetically coupled to the feed line
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/20—Resilient mountings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/206—Microstrip transmission line antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communication antennas, and in particular to a low profile wideband high gain filter antenna.
  • the multi-function circuit module has received extensive attention due to its small size and good overall performance.
  • Antennas and filters are two indispensable components of the RF front end.
  • the antenna and filter are designed separately as two components and then matched to 50 W respectively. Standard port, then cascade the two.
  • the overall module size is increased, which is disadvantageous for a space-limited RF front end.
  • the bandwidth of the filter and the antenna are often not completely identical, the filtering effect is affected.
  • the integration of the filter and the antenna is proposed as a module.
  • the filter and antenna integration schemes choose a collaborative design, in which the antenna and filter are directly connected, no longer need to match to 50 W respectively. Standard port.
  • the collaborative design reduces module size and avoids losses caused by matching to standard ports.
  • the cooperative design of the filter and the antenna improves the performance of the module to some extent, the loss of the filter is unavoidable, especially for the broadband design. When a multi-order resonator is needed, the loss is more serious and the antenna gain is relatively higher. low.
  • the object of the invention is achieved at least by one of the following technical solutions.
  • a low profile broadband high gain filter antenna comprising a radiator, an upper dielectric substrate, a lower dielectric substrate, a feed microstrip line with an open stub, a floor with a plurality of spaced gaps, and a metallized via;
  • the body is located on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate, the feeding microstrip line is located on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate, and the floor is located between the upper dielectric substrate and the lower dielectric substrate;
  • the radiator generates resonance, provides broadband and a high-gain radiation passband, and at the same time, adjusting the size of the radiator can adjust the roll-off degree of the upper edge of the pass band;
  • the open branch generates a radiation zero point, which can suppress the high-frequency resonance of the antenna; and the interval slit suppresses the low-frequency resonance of the antenna;
  • the metallized via connects the feed microstrip line and the floor to generate a radiation zero, which improves the roll-off of the lower edge of the pass band.
  • the spacing slit is a plurality of slits arranged on the floor in a short side, and the number of slits may be one, two or more segments.
  • the shape of the slit is a rectangle, a butterfly, an ellipse or an equivalent deformation thereof.
  • the metallized vias are solid or hollow, and may be one or more; the radiator is a metal patch or a dielectric block.
  • the radiator is an array structure of one unit or a plurality of units.
  • the unit sizes may be the same or different.
  • the radiator when the radiator is a plurality of units, the direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the feeding microstrip line is the y-axis direction, and the radiator is at y
  • the shaft direction includes three or more units, wherein the unit (1b) located on the outer side is larger in size in the y-axis direction than the unit (1a) located on the inner side.
  • the shape is a rectangle, a circle, an ellipse, a ring or an equivalent deformation thereof, and the radiator is adopted.
  • the shape may be a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder, a semi-cylindrical or an equivalent deformation thereof.
  • the open branches extend from the feeding microstrip line, and the open branches are one or more pairs of branches symmetrically distributed on both sides of the feeding microstrip line, and the plurality of branches are spaced apart, each pair The length between the beginning and the end of the branch is different, and the length l p of the branch meets 1 g /5 ⁇ l p ⁇ l g /3 , and l g represents the wavelength of the waveguide corresponding to the frequency of the radiation zero generated by the branch.
  • the shape of the open branch is a rectangle, a T shape, a butterfly shape or an equivalent deformation thereof.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • radiators can be used in the design of the filter antenna.
  • the 10dB impedance bandwidth of the antenna reaches 61%, the average gain is 8.7dBi, and the out-of-band rejection exceeds 23dB.
  • Bandwidth (16%-61%) while maintaining a good filtering effect;
  • the 10dB impedance bandwidth can reach 28.4%, The average gain is 8.2dBi, and the out-of-band rejection exceeds 22dB;
  • the gap Through the modification of the gap, the low frequency resonance is eliminated, and the metallized via and the open branch are introduced to generate the radiation zero point (when the radiator is a plurality of units, the combination of the uneven units improves the roll-off degree of the upper edge of the pass band), and the filtering effect is integrated.
  • the antenna design no complicated filter circuit is introduced at the same time, the antenna loss is low, and the efficiency is high;
  • the filter antenna has the characteristics of low profile, wide frequency band and high gain, and has a wide stop band, which can realize harmonic suppression, and the antenna structure is simple, easy to process and assemble.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of a floor panel according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a bottom plan view of the power feeding circuit of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a graph showing the gain simulation and test of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a normalized radiation pattern at 6.06 GHz of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a graph showing the gain directly above the broadband and narrowband in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a side view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a plan view of a radiator according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a plan view of a floor panel according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a bottom plan view of a feed circuit of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a simulation and test curve diagram of a reflection coefficient according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a graph showing the gain simulation and test curve directly above the embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a normalized radiation pattern at 5 GHz of Example 2 of the present invention.
  • a low profile broadband high gain filter antenna of the present invention comprises a radiator 1, an upper dielectric substrate 2 supporting a radiator, a lower dielectric substrate 4, and a floor between two dielectric substrates. 3, the feeding microstrip line 5 on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate, the metallized via 6 connecting the feeding microstrip line and the floor, the gap slit 7 on the floor, and the open branch extending on the feeding microstrip line (8a , 8b).
  • the radiator adopts a unit which adopts a dielectric material, that is, a cylindrical dielectric block having a height of 1.8 mm and a radius of 23.5 mm and a dielectric constant of 15; the upper dielectric substrate 2 also adopts a cylindrical shape to reduce the upper dielectric substrate 2
  • the size adjustment is matched;
  • the cylindrical dielectric block radiator is located at the center of the cylindrical upper dielectric substrate; referring to FIG. 2 to FIG. 3, the present embodiment uses the microstrip line coupling gap feeding, and the floor 3 has two spaced gaps 7 in the center.
  • the gap spacing can be adjusted to suppress low-frequency resonance.
  • the total length of the two-part gap is about half wavelength at the working frequency.
  • the slit length is affected by the dielectric constant of the two-layer dielectric substrate.
  • the slit length is adjusted to optimize impedance matching, and the gap is stepped. Structure for better impedance matching.
  • a metallized via 6 is formed between the microstrip line 5 and the floor 3 to generate a radiation zero point. Adjusting the position of the metallized via hole can adjust the frequency of the radiation zero point and improve the roll-off degree of the lower edge of the pass band. .
  • the open branch (8a, 8b) protrudes from both sides of the feeding microstrip line, and the open branch of the feeding microstrip line avoids the increase of cross polarization. In this embodiment, two pairs of open branches are used.
  • each branch length is 4.95mm and 3.5mm respectively
  • the open branch 8a generates a radiation zero at the upper edge of the passband to improve the roll-off degree of the upper edge of the passband
  • the open branch 8b produces a radiated zero suppressing harmonic
  • the open branch The length of the radiation zero is about 1/4 wavelength of the microstrip line, and the specific length of the open branch is also affected by its position. Therefore, the length l p of the branch meets 1 g /5 ⁇ l p ⁇ l g /3 , l g represents the wavelength of the waveguide corresponding to the frequency of the radiation zero generated by the branch.
  • the simulation and test curve of the reflection coefficient when implementing the broadband filter antenna in this embodiment the 10 dB impedance bandwidth tested. 61.4% (4.22-7.96GHz), at the same time, the stopband is very wide, and the second harmonic suppression is realized.
  • the gain simulation and test curve of the antenna directly above this embodiment the average gain is reached. 8.73dBi with high roll-off at the passband edge and out-of-band rejection of over 23dB. See Figure 6
  • the normalized pattern at the center frequency of the embodiment has a maximum radiation direction directly above the radiator, and the cross polarization is low. The maximum radiation direction in the entire passband of the embodiment is kept directly above, and the pattern is relatively stable. High frequency E The side lobes increased slightly.
  • this embodiment implements narrowband (10dB impedance bandwidth 16%) and wideband (10dB impedance bandwidth 61.4%).
  • the graph of reflection coefficient and gain in both cases, the antenna size can be adjusted to control the bandwidth, and the filter effect can be maintained in the narrow band case.
  • a low profile broadband high gain filter antenna of the present invention includes a radiator 1, an upper dielectric substrate 2 supporting a radiator, a lower dielectric substrate 4, and a floor between two dielectric substrates. 3.
  • the radiator adopts a plurality of units, and each unit is a metal patch (1a, 1b) etched on the upper dielectric substrate 2.
  • the unit size of the radiator is inconsistent, and the outer unit 1b is larger than the inner unit.
  • the unit shape also has a large degree of freedom, and this embodiment employs the simplest rectangle.
  • the floor (3), the feeding microstrip line 5, and the metallized via 6 in this embodiment The structure of the gap 7 on the floor is similar to that in the embodiment 1, and the difference is shown in Fig. 12.
  • only a pair of open branches 8 are used to suppress high frequency resonance, and the length of each branch 5.4mm; the roll-off degree of the upper edge of the pass band is controlled by the unit of the radiator. It is also possible to use multiple pairs of open branches as in Embodiment 1 to achieve filtering and harmonic suppression of the upper edge of the pass band.
  • parameter of the simulation and test of this embodiment the 10 dB impedance bandwidth of the test is 28.4%, and the stop band
  • Figure 14 is a simulation of the gain curve of the simulation and test.
  • the average gain in the passband is 8.2dBi, and there is a high roll-off at the passband edge.
  • the out-of-band rejection is over 22dB and the in-band efficiency is as high as 95%.
  • the normalized pattern at the center frequency of 5 GHz in this embodiment has a maximum radiation direction directly above the radiator, and the main polarization is more than 25 dB larger than the cross polarization, and the entire passband pattern is relatively stable. .

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种低剖面宽带高增益滤波天线。天线包括辐射体、上层介质基板、下层介质基板、带有开路枝节的馈电微带线、带有多段间隔缝隙的地板和金属化过孔；所述辐射体产生谐振，提供宽带和高增益的辐射通带，同时，调整辐射体尺寸可以调节通带上边缘的滚降度；所述开路枝节产生辐射零点，抑制天线的高频谐振；所述间隔缝隙抑制天线的低频谐振；所述金属化过孔连接所述馈电微带线和地板，产生辐射零点，提高通带下边沿的滚降度。本发明提供的天线结构简单，且具有低剖面、宽带、高增益的特点，未使用复杂的滤波电路，天线损耗低，效率高，同时具有很宽的阻带，可以实现谐波抑制。

Description

一种低剖面宽带高增益滤波天线
技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信天线领域，特别涉及一种低剖面宽带高增益滤波天线。
背景技术
无线通信系统中，多功能电路模块以其尺寸小、整体性能好的优势受到广泛关注。 天线和滤波器是射频前端两个不可或缺的元件。通常，天线和滤波器是作为两个元件进行独立设计，然后将它们分别匹配到50 W 标准端口，再将二者级联。如此以来，使得整个模块尺寸增加，这对于空间有限的射频前端是不利的。又由于滤波器和天线的带宽往往不是完全一致的，导致滤波效果受到影响。为了克服这些问题，滤波器和天线集成为一个模块被提出。
现在大多数滤波器和天线的集成方案选择协同设计，在这种方案中天线和滤波器直接连接，不用再分别匹配到50 W 标准端口。协同设计减小了模块尺寸，避免了匹配到标准端口引起的损耗。虽然滤波器和天线的协同设计在一定程度上改善了模块性能，但是由于滤波器的损耗不可避免，特别是对于宽带设计，需要多阶谐振器时，往往导致损耗更严重，天线增益也相对较低。
现阶段很少有天线设计能够具有较好的滤波效果和谐波抑制功能又不使用复杂的滤波电路。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术存在的上述不足，提供一种低剖面宽带高增益滤波天线。
本发明的目的至少通过如下技术方案之一实现。
一种低剖面宽带高增益滤波天线，其包括辐射体、上层介质基板、下层介质基板、带有开路枝节的馈电微带线、带有多段间隔缝隙的地板和金属化过孔；所述辐射体位于所述上层介质基板上表面，所述馈电微带线位于所述下层介质基板下表面，所述地板位于上层介质基板和下层介质基板之间；所述辐射体产生谐振，提供宽带和高增益的辐射通带，同时，调整辐射体尺寸可以调节通带上边缘的滚降度；所述开路枝节产生辐射零点，可抑制天线的高频谐振；所述间隔缝隙抑制天线的低频谐振；所述金属化过孔连接所述馈电微带线和地板，产生辐射零点，提高通带下边沿的滚降度。
进一步地，所述间隔缝隙是多段缝隙在地板上以短边靠近的方式排列，缝隙的段数可以是一段、两段或多段。
进一步地，所述缝隙的形状是矩形、蝶形、椭圆或其等效变形。
进一步地，所述金属化过孔是实心或空心，可以是一个或多个；所述辐射体是金属贴片或介质块。
进一步地，所述辐射体是一个单元或是多个单元组成的阵列结构。
进一步地，所述辐射体是多个单元时，单元尺寸可以相同也可以不同。
进一步地，所述辐射体是多个单元时，以与馈电微带线长度方向平行的方向为 y 轴方向，辐射体在 y 轴方向上包括三个以上的单元，其中位于外侧的单元（ 1b ）比位于内侧的单元（ 1a ）在 y 轴方向上尺寸大。
进一步地，所述辐射体的单元采用金属贴片时， 形状是长方形、圆形、椭圆形、环状或者其等效变形，所述辐射体采用 介质块时，形状可以是长方体、圆柱、半圆柱或其等效变形。
进一步地，所述开路枝节从所述馈电微带线上伸出，所述开路枝节为对称分布在馈电微带线两侧的一对或多对枝节，多对枝节间隔分布，各对枝节的始端和末端之间的长度不同，枝节的长度 l p 满足 l g /5<l p < l g /3 ， l g 表示枝节产生的辐射零点的频率对应的波导波长。
进一步地，所述开路枝节的形状是矩形、 T 形、蝶形或其等效变形。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
1. 该滤波天线的设计中可以采用多种类型的辐射体，例如，辐射体采用一个介质单元时天线的10dB阻抗带宽达到61%，平均增益8.7dBi，带外抑制超过23dB，改变天线尺寸可以获得不同带宽（16%-61%），同时保持比较好的滤波效果；辐射体采用多个单元的金属贴片时，10dB阻抗带宽可以达到28.4%, 平均增益8.2dBi，带外抑制超过22dB；
2. 通过对缝隙的更改，消除低频谐振，引入金属化过孔和开路枝节产生辐射零点（辐射体是多个单元时，不均匀单元的组合提高通带上边缘的滚降度），将滤波效果融合到天线设计中，同时未引入复杂的滤波电路，天线损耗低，效率高；
3. 所述滤波天线具有低剖面、宽频带、高增益的特点,同时具有宽阻带，可以实现谐波抑制，天线结构简单、易于加工和装配。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1的侧视图；
图2是本发明实施例1的地板的俯视图；
图3是本发明实施例1的馈电电路的仰视图；
图4是本发明实施例1的反射系数的仿真和测试曲线图；
图5是本发明实施例1在正上方的增益仿真和测试曲线图；
图6是本发明实施例1 在6.06GHz的归一化辐射方向图；
图7是本发明实施例1实现宽带和窄带的反射系数曲线图；
图8 是本发明实施例1实现宽带和窄带的正上方增益的曲线图；
图9是本发明实施例2的侧视图；
图10是本发明实施例2的辐射体的俯视图；
图11是本发明实施例2的地板的俯视图；
图12是本发明实施例2的馈电电路的仰视图；
图13是本发明实施例2的反射系数的仿真和测试曲线图；
图14是本发明实施例2在正上方的增益仿真和测试曲线图；
图15是本发明实施例2 在5GHz的归一化辐射方向图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和实例对本发明的具体实施作进一步说明，但本发明的实施和保护不限于此。
实施例1 ：参阅图 1- 图 3 ，本发明的一种低剖面宽带高增益滤波天线包括辐射体 1 、支撑辐射体的上层介质基板 2 、下层介质基板 4 ，两层介质基板之间的地板 3 ，下层介质基板下表面的馈电微带线 5 、连接馈电微带线和地板的金属化过孔 6 、地板上的间隔缝隙 7 和馈电微带线上伸出的开路枝节（ 8a, 8b ）。本实施例中辐射体采用一个单元，该单元采用介质材料，即一个高度为 1.8mm 半径 23.5mm 介电常数 15 的圆柱形介质块；上层介质基板 2 也采用圆柱形，减小上层介质基板 2 的尺寸调节匹配；圆柱形介质块辐射体位于圆柱形上层介质基板中央；参阅图 2- 图 3 ， 本实施例采用微带线耦合缝隙馈电，所述地板 3 的中央有两段间隔缝隙 7 ，缝隙间距可调节，抑制低频谐振，两部分缝隙总长度大约为工作频率处的半个波长，缝隙长度受两层介质基板的介电常数的影响，调整缝隙长度优化阻抗匹配，缝隙采用阶梯状结构为了获得更好的阻抗匹配。参阅图 3 ，所述微带线 5 和地板 3 间有一金属化过孔 6 ，产生辐射零点，调整所述金属化过孔的位置可以调整辐射零点的频率，提高通带下边沿的滚降度。所述开路枝节（ 8a ， 8b ）从所述馈电微带线两侧伸出，关于馈电微带线对称的开路枝节避免了交叉极化的增加，本实施例中采用了两对开路枝节 8a 和 8b ，每个枝节长度分别为 4.95mm 和 3.5mm ，开路枝节 8a 在通带上边缘产生辐射零点，提高通带上边缘的滚降度；开路枝节 8b 产生辐射零点抑制谐波，开路枝节的长度约为其产生的辐射零点的频率对应微带线的 1/4 波长，开路枝节的具体长度也受到其位置的影响， 因此，枝节的长度 l p 满足 l g /5<l p < l g /3 ， l g 表示枝节产生的辐射零点的频率对应的波导波长。
参阅图 4 ，本实施例在实现宽带滤波天线时反射系数的仿真和测试曲线，测试的 10dB 阻抗带宽 61.4% （ 4.22-7.96GHz ），同时，阻带很宽，实现了二次谐波抑制；参阅图 5 ，本实施例的天线正上方增益仿真和测试曲线，平均增益达到 8.73dBi ，并且在通带边沿有很高的滚降度，带外抑制超过 23dB 。参阅图 6 ，本实施例中心频率处的归一化方向图，最大辐射方向在辐射体的正上方，交叉极化低，本实施例的整个通带内最大辐射方向保持在正上方，方向图比较稳定，高频处 E 面旁瓣稍有增加。参阅图 7 - 8 ，本实施例实现窄带（ 10dB 阻抗带宽 16% ）和宽带（ 10dB 阻抗带宽 61.4% ）两种情况的反射系数和增益的曲线图，调节天线尺寸可以控制带宽，在窄带情况下依然可以保持较好的滤波效果。
实施例 2 ：参阅图 9- 图 12 ，本发明的一种低剖面宽带高增益滤波天线包括辐射体 1 、支撑辐射体的上层介质基板 2 、下层介质基板 4 ，两层介质基板之间的地板 3 ，下层介质基板下表面的馈电微带线 5 、连接馈电微带线和地板的金属化过孔 6 、地板上的间隔缝隙 7 和馈电微带线上伸出开路枝节 8 。参阅图 10 ，本实施例中所述辐射体采用多个单元，各个单元是蚀刻于上层介质基板 2 上的金属贴片（ 1a ， 1b ），辐射体的单元尺寸不一致，外侧单元 1b 比内侧单元 1a 在 y 轴方向上尺寸大，外侧单元 1b 和内侧单元 1a 在 y 轴方向的长度分别为 13.6mm 和 9.7mm ，调节单元尺寸的组合可以调节通带上边缘的滚降度； 本实施例采用4×4 单元，单元总长大约 l c 中心频率对应微带线的波长，单元尺寸及间距可以调节谐振频率，进而控制带宽。单元形状也有较大的自由度，本实施例采用最简单的长方形。
参阅图 11- 图 12 ，本实施例中地板 (3) 、馈电微带线 5 、金属化过孔 6 和地板上的间隔缝隙 7 的结构和实施例 1 中的结构类似，不同之处参阅图 12 ，本实施例中只采用了一对开路枝节 8 用以抑制高频谐振，每个枝节长度 5.4mm ；通带上边缘的滚降度由辐射体的单元来控制也可以像实施例 1 一样使用多对开路枝节来实现通带上边缘的滤波和谐波抑制。
参阅图 13 ，本实施例仿真与测试的 |S11| 参数，测试的 10 dB 阻抗带宽是 28.4% ，阻带 |S11| 接近于 0 ，能抑制二次谐波。图 14 是本实施例仿真与测试的增益曲线，测试的通带内平均增益 8.2dBi ，并且在通带边沿有很高的滚降度，带外抑制超过 22dB ，带内效率高达 95% 。参阅图 15 ，本实施例的中心频率 5 GHz 处的归一化方向图，最大辐射方向在辐射体的正上方，主极化比交叉极化大 25 dB 以上，整个通带内方向图比较稳定。
以上实施例仅为本发明的两种设计方式，仅用以说明本发明而并非限制本发明所描述的技术方案，凡在本发明的精神和原理范围之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、简化、改进等，均应包含在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种低剖面宽带高增益滤波天线，其特征在于，包括辐射体、上层介质基板、下层介质基板、带有开路枝节的馈电微带线、带有多段间隔缝隙的地板和金属化过孔；所述辐射体位于所述上层介质基板上表面，所述馈电微带线位于所述下层介质基板下表面，所述地板位于上层介质基板和下层介质基板之间；所述辐射体产生谐振，提供宽带和高增益的辐射通带，同时，调整辐射体尺寸可以调节通带上边缘的滚降度；所述开路枝节产生辐射零点，可抑制天线的高频谐振；所述间隔缝隙抑制天线的低频谐振；所述金属化过孔连接所述馈电微带线和地板，产生辐射零点，提高通带下边沿的滚降度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种低剖面宽带高增益滤波天线，其特征在于所述间隔缝隙是多段缝隙在地板上以短边靠近的方式排列，缝隙的段数是一段、两段或多段。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种低剖面宽带高增益滤波天线，其特征在于，所述缝隙的形状是矩形、蝶形、椭圆或其等效变形。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种低剖面宽带高增益滤波天线，其特征在于，所述金属化过孔是实心或空心，金属化过孔有一个或多个；所述辐射体是金属贴片或介质块。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种低剖面宽带高增益滤波天线，其特征在于所述辐射体是一个单元或是多个单元组成的阵列结构。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种低剖面宽带高增益滤波天线，其特征在于所述辐射体是多个单元时，各单元尺寸相同或不同。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的一种低剖面宽带高增益滤波天线，其特征在于所述辐射体是多个单元时，以与馈电微带线长度方向平行的方向为y轴方向，辐射体在y轴方向上包括三个以上的单元，其中位于外侧的单元（1b）比位于内侧的单元（1a）在y轴方向上尺寸大。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种低剖面宽带高增益滤波天线，其特征在于所述辐射体的单元采用金属贴片时，形状是长方形、圆形、椭圆形、环状或者其等效变形，所述辐射体采用介质块时，形状可以是长方体、圆柱、半圆柱或其等效变形。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述的低剖面宽带高增益滤波天线，其特征在于，所述开路枝节从所述馈电微带线上伸出，所述开路枝节为对称分布在馈电微带线两侧的一对或多对枝节，多对枝节间隔分布，各对枝节的始端和末端之间的长度不同，每个枝节的长度 l p 满足 l g /5<l p < l g /3 ， l g 表示枝节产生的辐射零点的频率对应的波导波长。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的低剖面宽带高增益滤波天线，其特征在于，所述开路枝节的形状是矩形、T形、蝶形或其等效变形。
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