WO2017143668A1 - Applications of myristic acid derivative in preparing animal growth promoter - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are applications of a myristic acid derivative in preparing an animal growth promoter. The myristic acid derivative comprises a salt of myristic acid and a glyceryl ester of myristic acid. The myristic acid derivative has significant inhibitory activities with respect to common infectious bacteria of animals, provides great effects in terms of controlling the rate of diarrhea in animals and improving production performance in animal farming, and is applicable in farmed animals such as livestock, poultry, and aquatic products.

Description

Application of myristic acid derivatives in preparation of animal growth promoters Technical field:

The invention belongs to the field of animal feed additives, and particularly relates to the application of myristic acid derivatives in the preparation of animal growth promoters, and further to the application of alternative feed antibiotic animal growth promoters.

Background technique:

Traditional feed antibiotic growth promoters are one of the feed additive categories. Animal growth promoters currently used in production include antibiotics, synthetic antibacterial drugs and the like. However, various growth promoters have different defects. The role of antibiotics in preventing common infections in intensive feeding, promoting the growth of livestock and improving feed utilization is very significant. However, the widespread use in compound feed tends to be abused, and many problems such as pathogens appear during use. Resistant to drug resistance and drug-transfer, residues in animals and animal products affect human health, certain antibiotics are "teratogenic, carcinogenic, mutagenic" in long-term use, so antibiotics used as feed additives are used in various The use of the state is strictly controlled. Synthetic antibacterial agents are chemical substances produced by chemical methods, which can inhibit and prevent the development and metabolism of other microorganisms. As a feed additive, there are also problems of drug residues and drug resistance, and side effects are large and even urinary system damage and teratogenic carcinogenesis .

The needs of aquaculture production, safe and efficient new non-feeding antibiotic animal growth promoters in the feed industry have a very important significance for the development of China's aquaculture industry.

Summary of the invention:

It is an object of the present invention to provide the use of myristic acid derivatives in the preparation of animal growth promoters.

The myristic acid derivative of the present invention has myristic acid salt and glycerin myristate, and the structure of the myristic acid salt is as shown in the formula (I):

Wherein R is selected from the group consisting of Na, K and Ca;

The structure of the glycerin myristate is as shown in formula (II):

Wherein R ₁ , R ₂ and R _{3 are} selected from H and linear C ₁₃ C(=O)O, and R ₁ , R ₂ and R _{3 are} not all H.

Preferably, the glycerin myristate is glyceryl myristate, that is, R ₁ , R ₂ and R ₃ are all C ₁₃ C(=O)O linear carbonyl groups.

The present invention finds for the first time through experiments that the myristic acid derivative of the present invention is used as an additive in low-dose application in animal feed, and has a significant promoting effect on the growth performance of the cultured animal, which is manifested in the weight gain of the cultured animal. There is a significant improvement in the conversion rate of feed and feed. =

In the antibacterial experimental protocol, the inventors have found that the myristic acid derivative of the present invention has more plague-positive bacteria such as Clostridium perfringens, which is common to animals, compared to other medium- or long-chain fatty acid derivatives. Significant inhibition effect, reaching the current level of efficacy of commonly used feed antibiotics.

In another aspect, the myristic acid derivative can be used as a growth promoter for a feeding antibiotic animal to maintain a balance of beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tract and intestinal tract by inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of an animal. The tissue is protected from damage and promotes the digestion and absorption of nutrients in animal feed in the gastrointestinal tract.

In one embodiment, the myristic acid derivative is combined with a feed carrier, diluent, antioxidant, anti-caking agent, vehicle, or a combination thereof to form a feed additive for growth promotion of the animal.

The feed additive is a tablet, a powder, a powder, a granule, an oral solution, a capsule, a premix, and the like.

In one embodiment, the feed additive provided by the present invention is added to the animal's basal diet in a separate form.

In another embodiment, the feed additive, the feed additive, the carrier or the diluent provided by the present invention are prepared into an additive premixed feed, concentrated feed, compound feed, concentrate supplement feed, etc. in a certain ratio for the animal. edible.

The animal growth promoter is used in the feed in an amount of from 10 to 3,000 ppm, preferably from 50 to 1,500 ppm, based on the dose of the myristic acid derivative.

The myristic acid derivative is used for animal growth, and the animal is mainly a farm animal such as a livestock, a poultry or an aquatic animal, and specifically includes chicken, turkey, guinea fowl, duck, goose, pigeon, donkey, and each growth stage. Herbivorous or non-grass animals such as pigs, cattle, sheep, horses, rabbits, donkeys, dogs, cats, foxes, crickets or crickets or other artificially caught animals or pets, as well as fish of various stages of growth, Shrimp or crab.

The myristic acid derivative has been used as an energy material for 72% of the energy supply of animals in functional feeds of animals. In some cases, the blood lipids of farmed animals are high, but the growth of cultured animals caused by other fatty acid esters is slow or even high. The occurrence of mortality. In the present invention, the health problems occurring in the above animals have not occurred in the dose range used in the present invention, and therefore have the characteristics of safety effectiveness required as an animal production promoter.

In summary, the myristic acid derivative provided by the invention can be used as a novel safe and effective animal growth promoter in the animal breeding industry, in particular, the application of the antibiotic anti-animal growth promoter can be used to overcome the feeding. The impact of antibiotics on animal health and human food safety caused by other toxic side effects such as drug resistance and drug resistance in animal husbandry.

detailed description:

For the purpose of describing the invention, the examples are set forth below. However, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments, but merely provides a method of practicing the invention.

The myristic acid derivatives used in the following examples of the present invention are all provided by the research and development center of Guangzhou Insex Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the sample purity is 99%; the virginiamycin preparation used is an imported premix, by the United States. Huibao Co., Ltd. is produced in Belgium.

Example 1: Inhibitory activity of different myristic acid derivatives against Clostridium perfringens.

The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of virginiamycin and medium-long chain fatty acid derivatives against Clostridium perfringens was tested by tube double dilution method. The results are shown in Table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, all the test strains were sensitive to virginiamycin, and all the test myristic acid derivatives had similar inhibitory activity to the test strains as virginiamycin; The inhibitory activity of the long-chain fatty acid derivative against the test strain was observed to show that the myristic acid derivative had stronger antibacterial activity (Table 1).

Table 1 In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC, ppm) of myristic acid derivatives against Clostridium perfringens

Example 2: Application effect of myristic acid derivatives in weaned piglets.

180 pairs of 28-day-old Du Changda ternary miscellaneous lean-type weaned piglets were divided into 6 groups of 30 heads each. Each group was added with virginiamycin or different kinds of myristic acid derivatives in the antibiotic-free channel material. During the test period, they were fed ad libitum and drink water. The weight gain and feed remuneration of the test pigs in each test group were counted within 10 days. . The results showed (Table 2) that the addition of 20 ppm of virginiamycin to the weaned piglets did not significantly improve the weight gain and feed remuneration of the test animals; the test group added 200 ppm of different types of myristic acid derivatives to the test animals Production performance has a significant change effect.

Table 2 Synergistic application effect of myristic acid derivatives in weaned piglets

Example 3: Effect of synergistic application of calcium myristate in weaned piglets.

Twenty-eight 28-day-old Du Changda ternary heterozygous weaned piglets were divided into 7 groups, 30 in each group. Each group added different concentrations of calcium myristate to the non-antibiotic-containing material. During the test period, children were fed ad libitum and water, and the weight gain, feed remuneration and diarrhea rate of the test pigs in each test group were counted within 10 days. The results showed that the addition of different concentrations of calcium myristate to the weaned piglets increased the average daily gain and feed remuneration of the experimental groups and showed a dose effect (Table 3).

Table 3 Application effect of different concentrations of myristic acid derivatives in weaned piglets

Example 4: Application effect of calcium myristate in chicken feed.

2200 pigeons 1 day old fast yellow broiler chickens were randomly divided into 11 test groups, each test group consisted of 4 parallel test groups, 50 in each parallel test group, and different concentrations of myristic acid were added to each group of feeds. Calcium or calcium citrate or calcium palmitate. During the test period, they were caged, free to eat and free to drink. The test period was 28 days. The results showed that calcium myristate showed a more significant improvement in weight gain and feed compensation compared to the same dose of calcium citrate or calcium palmitate, and showed a dose effect (Table 4). .

Table 4 Effect of combined application of calcium myristate in broiler feed

Example 5 The combined application effect of calcium myristate in meat ducks.

800 pigeons of 1 day old Cherry Valley meat ducks were randomly divided into 7 test groups according to Table 5. Each test group contained 4 parallel test groups, 50 in each parallel test group, and different concentrations were added to each group of feeds. Calcium myristate. Cage in the trial period, free access to food and free drinking water. The trial period was 21 days. The test results showed that calcium myristate showed a significant improvement effect on the weight gain and feed remuneration of the test ducks (Table 5).

Table 5 Application effect of calcium myristate in meat duck

Example 6: Application effect of calcium myristate in grass carp

The test fish used was grass carp, which was carried out by the aquatic farm of the Ince Test Site in Guangzhou. The healthy and lively, uniform-sized green carp species were used for formal culture trials after being kept in large cages for 4 weeks. The experimental system was a floating small cage. Both the small cage and the holding cage are placed in a 3500 m ² pond at the test site. The pond water depth is ~1.5 m, and the pond water is fully aerated bottom water. During the test, 160 fishes that were hungry for 1 day were randomly divided into 4 groups, each group consisted of 4 replicates, and 10 fishes were placed in each replicate. After weighing, they were randomly placed in 16 cages and fed different test feeds. . The test feed was prepared according to the formula of Table 5. Different test groups were added with different growth promoters in the base materials. The test was fed by artificial diet, and the feeding amount was adjusted once a week. The feeding levels (by initial weight) were identical and fed twice a day (7:30 and 15:00). The trial lasted for 8 weeks.

The results of the growth promoting test of calcium myristate on fish are shown in Table 6. The results showed that the test group with calcium myristate added was superior to the control group in terms of weight gain, feed coefficient and survival rate, and had obvious growth-promoting effects.

Table 6 Application test and results of calcium myristate in grass fish feed

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and combinations thereof may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Simplification and the like should all be equivalent replacement means, and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The use of a myristic acid derivative for the preparation of an animal growth promoter, wherein the myristic acid derivative is glyceryl myristate or the structure thereof is as shown in the formula (I):

   

   Wherein R is selected from the group consisting of Na, K and Ca;

   The glycerin myristate has a structure as shown in formula (II):

   

   Wherein R ₁ , R ₂ and R _{3 are} selected from H and linear C ₁₃ C(=O), and R ₁ , R ₂ and R _{3 are} not all H.
2. The use according to claim 1, wherein the myristic acid derivative is an animal growth promoter which is substituted for a feed antibiotic.
3. The use according to claim 1, wherein the glycerin myristate is glyceryl myristate.
4. The use according to Claim 1, characterized in that the myristic acid derivative is added as an animal growth promoter to the animal feed at a dose of 10 to 3000 ppm.
5. The use according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the animal is a domestic animal, a poultry or an aquatic animal.
6. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that the livestock are pigs, cows, sheep, horses, rabbits, dogs, cats or baboons at various stages of growth.
7. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that the poultry is chicken, turkey, guinea fowl, duck, goose, pigeon or cockroach at various stages of growth.
8. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that the aquatic animal is a fish, shrimp or crab of various growth stages.