WO2017132989A1 - 一种离散式物品的分配方法、定量分配方法及其分配装置 - Google Patents

一种离散式物品的分配方法、定量分配方法及其分配装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017132989A1
WO2017132989A1 PCT/CN2016/073654 CN2016073654W WO2017132989A1 WO 2017132989 A1 WO2017132989 A1 WO 2017132989A1 CN 2016073654 W CN2016073654 W CN 2016073654W WO 2017132989 A1 WO2017132989 A1 WO 2017132989A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
articles
items
conveyor
stack
item
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PCT/CN2016/073654
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈国明
Original Assignee
达尔嘉(广州)标识设备有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 达尔嘉(广州)标识设备有限公司 filed Critical 达尔嘉(广州)标识设备有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2016/073654 priority Critical patent/WO2017132989A1/zh
Priority to CN201680000114.3A priority patent/CN106414249B/zh
Publication of WO2017132989A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017132989A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B57/00—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices
    • B65B57/20—Applications of counting devices for controlling the feed of articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B1/00—Packaging fluent solid material, e.g. powders, granular or loose fibrous material, loose masses of small articles, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, or jars
    • B65B1/30—Devices or methods for controlling or determining the quantity or quality or the material fed or filled
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B57/00—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices
    • B65B57/10—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices responsive to absence, presence, abnormal feed, or misplacement of articles or materials to be packaged
    • B65B57/14—Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices responsive to absence, presence, abnormal feed, or misplacement of articles or materials to be packaged and operating to control, or stop, the feed of articles or material to be packaged

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of discrete article dispensing technology, and in particular, to a method for dispensing discrete articles, a method for quantitatively distributing the same, and a device for dispensing the same.
  • devices for quantitatively counting discrete articles are generally used in the form of mechanical granulators, photoelectric granulators, and vision-based granulators.
  • the mechanical type of grain machine uses a turntable with a fixed number of recesses, each of which can accommodate only one object. By rotating, vibrating, and scraping the equal method, the turntable is brought out to just fill the concave position. The item is released and the package is released. This method is simpler and cheaper, but the productivity is low, and it is also caused by the occasional filling of the items, and the damage is caused by scraping off excess items.
  • the photoelectric type granulator uses a multi-channel method to transport the articles forward using a set of multi-track shock discs, and through multiple layers of vibration, the distance between the articles is gradually pulled, and finally the articles are laid.
  • the article and the article are pulled a certain distance, and the end of the shock disk is dropped in a free fall manner, and the article is triggered to trigger the photoelectric sensor corresponding to the channel to which it belongs, and then collected into the container.
  • An automatic gate is placed under each channel's photoelectric sensor. When the target number is reached, it is closed to distinguish each pile of items.
  • the multi-channel type of counting machine has to divide the articles into different single-row channels and distribute the articles during the conveying process, so that the photoelectric sensors can be effectively triggered, and the conveying mechanism of the articles becomes very large, and the production environment is arranged. It brings a lot of inconvenience.
  • the photoelectric sensor is operated close to the article passage, it is easily contaminated by the dust brought out by the article, causing a counting error.
  • the digital method based on visual technology uses a whole pile counting method, which does not need to divide the items, but only needs to lay the items into a single layer so that each item can be imaged and obtained through real analysis.
  • the image counts the item.
  • Chinese invention patent, the patent application number is "201210509818.7”, which discloses an item distribution method and device, which uses the continuous image capturing method to count the fallen articles, and first allocates items that are close to, not larger than the target number. , then use a feeding mechanism to allocate the first number of The number of targets is complemented by the number of targets, and finally the quantitative allocation of the target number is achieved.
  • the feeding mechanism In order to achieve the purpose of accurate feeding, the feeding mechanism must be able to individually control the number of items to be output, and the working efficiency is low. However, when the conveyor is stopped, the number of items that are continuously output due to inertia is uncontrollable. Under the premise of ensuring that the quantity of the first output is not greater than the target quantity, the number of first output needs to maintain a large gap with the target number, so the amount of time required for feeding is more, resulting in the overall A limitation of capacity.
  • Chinese invention patent, patent application No. 201410109547.5 discloses a method and device for quantitatively counting and counting articles, belonging to a digital particle method based on visual technology, through a plurality of article channels and periodically starting the conveyor And stopping, dividing the item into multiple item pile outputs, and continuously taking images of the falling piles and analyzing the images of the items in the obtained image to obtain the number of items in the pile, and storing each item in a temporary In the warehousing, the number of items in different temporary storage bins is combined, and a combination of the total number of targets is searched for and released to obtain the distribution of the target number.
  • This method breaks the impact of the above-mentioned replenishment method on the productivity due to the efficiency of the feeding mechanism and the randomness of the first allocation.
  • the number of temporary storage bins is limited, then there is a chance that the combination cannot be found, and two piles of items need to be superimposed in the same temporary storage bin and temporarily stored in the temporary storage bin. In the case of a volume overflow, this will have an impact on capacity.
  • each start and stop of the conveyor corresponds to a pile of target items; and in the combined method, each time the conveyor starts and stops, a plurality of piles are separated, and then the combined items are The heap is assigned to the target number of items. Then, regardless of the method, the overall capacity of the system is limited by the period during which the actual conveyor can be started and stopped.
  • An object of the present invention is to overcome the problems of the prior art, and to provide a method, a method for distributing a discrete article, a method for distributing a discrete article, and a distribution device thereof, which have high distribution efficiency, reliability, and low manufacturing cost.
  • Step one continuously supplying the articles to the conveyor, the articles are flattened into a single layer on the conveying surface of the conveyor and separated into piles of articles, and the piles of articles are conveyed to the output end of the conveyor;
  • Step 2 Count the number of items included in each item pile to obtain the number of items in each item pile;
  • Step 3 Find at least one stack of articles in the stack of articles on the conveying surface that have been known to be included in the number of articles, and output them.
  • the article is divided into a pile of articles by setting a grid in the conveying surface of the conveyor, the articles enter the compartment, and each compartment forms an item pile, different The piles of separate items do not intersect each other.
  • the stack of articles is arranged in rows and columns on the conveying surface, a row of articles arranged in a lateral direction of the conveyor is stacked in a row, and a row of articles arranged in the conveying direction of the conveyor is stacked in a row, the stack of articles Distributed over more than one column and/or more than one row on the conveying surface of the conveyor.
  • a method for quantitatively distributing discrete items including
  • Step one continuously supplying the articles to the conveyor, the articles are flattened into a single layer on the conveying surface of the conveyor and separated into piles of articles, and the piles of articles are conveyed to the output end of the conveyor;
  • Step 2 Count the number of items included in each item pile to obtain the number of items in each item pile;
  • Step 3 Find at least one item stack combination in the pile of articles on the conveying surface that is known to have the number of articles included; the sum of the number of articles and the number of target items in the pile of articles included in the pile combination The same; each item stack found is combined at the conveyor output, using a container to receive a stack of items.
  • culling refers to not feeding the pile of articles into any container for collecting the number of target items
  • the conveying surface when the conveying surface newly joins the stacked items, the items are found in the pile of the newly counted items and/or the conveying surface.
  • the original pile of items that have been counted on the conveying surface does not contain the pile of items that have been selected to the stack of items.
  • the items of the difference are distributed into the container by a feeding mechanism that can accurately output an arbitrary number of items.
  • the operation is performed in the order of the output end of the stack of the goods, and is preferentially searched in the pile of goods at the output of the first conveyor.
  • the counting is performed by taking an image of the object, and analyzing the obtained image to obtain the number of items in the pile of the item.
  • the number of the target items is a value of one value or a range of values.
  • the same as the number of target items in the above step 3 means that the value is the same as one of the values of the range.
  • a quantitative dispensing device for discrete articles including
  • a feeder for continuously supplying articles to the conveyor
  • a counting compartment disposed on the conveying surface of the conveyor, for separating the article into a stack of articles on the conveyor
  • the image capturing device is configured to continuously take images of the conveying surface of the conveyor to obtain an image of the article in each counting compartment on the conveying surface;
  • a central control unit configured to analyze an image of the item to obtain an item pile in each of the counting cells The number of items; and find a combination of items that contain no more than the number of items in the target;
  • a flow dividing device configured to distribute or reject the pile of articles in each of the counting compartments output by the conveyor
  • a container for receiving a stack of items allocated by the flow dividing device [0037] a container for receiving a stack of items allocated by the flow dividing device.
  • the counting cells are arranged on the conveying surface in the form of rows and columns, a row of articles arranged in a lateral direction of the conveyor is in a row, and a row of articles arranged in the conveying direction of the conveyor is stacked in one row, counting The cells are distributed over the transport surface of the conveyor in more than one column and/or more than one row.
  • the flow dividing device comprises a flow divider and a concentrator
  • the concentrator is disposed under the flow divider
  • the concentrator is provided with at least one collecting channel
  • an output end of each collecting channel is provided with a container
  • the flow divider is provided with a flow dividing channel corresponding to each row of counting cells to receive the product pile outputted from the row counting cell and divert it to any one of the collecting channels of the concentrator or cull.
  • the present invention divides and counts items on the surface of the conveyor, and selects a suitable combination of items at the same time, and directly feeds the goods into the container from the output of the conveyor, without using the temporary storage bin.
  • the temporary storage bin is a group of mechanisms between the conveyor and the container.
  • each temporary storage bin In order to achieve the purpose of temporarily storing the articles and releasing the articles, each temporary storage bin must have a gate that can independently control the gates, in practice.
  • the more temporary storage bins In the case of physical space and transmission path limitation, the more temporary storage bins, the larger the mechanical structure and the more complicated the transmission path, so the number of temporary storage bins is limited, but if there are too few temporary storage bins This will result in an increase in the number of cases in which the right combination cannot be found.
  • the present invention does not require the use of a temporary storage bin, the articles can be directly accessed into the container after leaving the conveyor, and the passage is greatly shortened, which not only saves space but also simplifies the mechanism.
  • the articles are piled up on the conveying surface of the conveyor, which can be realized by setting a compartment on the conveying surface, and the articles fall naturally into the compartments after the conveyors are dropped, and then are counted, and since the piles of the articles are counted, It has been restricted by the division, and the piles of different compartments do not cross each other. Therefore, it is guaranteed that the number of items obtained is the most realistic during the conveyance of the conveyor until the output, compared to the prior art items. It is only temporarily stored after counting, and there may be an error in the path of the item after counting, so that the real temporary items are The present invention clearly provides superior reliability in the case where the number does not match the count.
  • the items are naturally dropped into compartments, and the method of combining different piles of objects is used to achieve a precise number of items.
  • the size of the pile of items can be random, without precisely controlling the items falling into the compartments.
  • the number, so that the conveyor can move continuously, the supply of goods can also be continuous.
  • the cells are distributed in rows and columns so that each item can be pre-determined at the turnout and position of the conveyor output.
  • the items in the same item stack can be easily collected at the output. .
  • the articles are piled up by periodically starting and stopping the conveyor, and the cycle limitation of starting and stopping itself limits the overall production capacity, and the invention obviously makes the flow of the goods smoother and Provide more room for capacity increase.
  • One object of the present invention is to output an accurate number of items.
  • each item stack is accurately counted in an image taking manner, and each item stack selected on the conveyor surface is selected.
  • the number of items is the sum of the number of items in the piles, so the number of items stacked is also accurate.
  • the more items piled up on the conveyor surface the more possible values of the number of items that can be obtained by combining the piles of articles, so the conveyor can meet the needs of different output numbers and the applicability of the output items is stronger.
  • the number of stacks of items on the conveyor surface can be achieved by increasing the number of compartments on the conveyor surface, which is easily accomplished by simple configuration changes, including reducing the size of each compartment. Lengthen or widen the conveyor, etc. Compared with the prior art method of using the temporary storage bin, it is necessary to increase the number of temporary storage bins, so that a new gate and a transmission mechanism need to be added correspondingly, and the convenience and flexibility of the present invention are very obvious.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is that it is possible to allow the detection of the shape of the article at the same time of counting, since the article is tiled on the conveying surface, and under the support of the conveying plane, the article
  • the orientation is stable, which means that the shape and size of the image of the item should also be fixed.
  • This allows the image count to be compared, and the image of each item is compared with the preset image and parameters to find out that the shape is broken. Items. When an item with a broken shape is found, as long as the item to which it belongs is not used as a selection combination, the item is automatically rejected after being outputted.
  • the article is imaged in a free-falling state, and the article has no fixed orientation, and shape detection is impossible.
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of a single row of item stack distribution and distribution of at most one container homogeneous receiving item stack
  • FIG. 2 Schematic diagram of a single row of item stack distribution and distribution of up to two containers of the same receiving pile
  • Figure 3 Distribution of a four-row stack of items, using a larger stack of items
  • FIG. 4 Distribution of a four-row stack of items, using a smaller stack of items
  • FIG. 5 Schematic diagram of an allocation of the permissible difference mode of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a quantitative dispensing device for a discrete article of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a dosing mechanism of a quantitative dispensing device of a discrete article of the present invention.
  • a method for dispensing discrete articles comprising the steps of: continuously supplying articles to a conveyor, the articles being flattened into a single layer on a conveying surface of the conveyor and separated into piles of articles, and output of the articles to the conveyor Step 2: Count the number of items included in each item pile to obtain the number of items in each item pile; Step 3: The pile of items on the conveying surface that have been known to contain the number of items Look for at least one item stack combination and output it.
  • the present invention divides and counts the articles on the surface of the conveyor, and extracts the appropriate stack of articles at the same time, and directly feeds the containers into the container from the output of the conveyor, without using the temporary storage bin.
  • the temporary storage bin is a group of mechanisms between the conveyor and the container.
  • each temporary storage bin In order to achieve the purpose of temporarily storing the articles and releasing the articles, each temporary storage bin must have a gate that can independently control the gate, in practice.
  • the more temporary storage bins In the case of physical space and transmission path limitation, the more temporary storage bins, the larger the mechanical structure and the more complicated the transmission path, so the number of temporary storage bins is limited, but if there are too few temporary storage bins Will cause you to find Increased to the appropriate combination and the number of overflows.
  • the present invention does not require the use of a temporary storage bin, the article can directly enter the container after leaving the conveyor, the path is greatly shortened, space is saved, and the mechanism is simplified.
  • the articles are separated into piles of articles by setting a grid in the conveying surface of the conveyor, and the articles enter the compartments, and each compartment forms an item pile, and different compartments The piles of goods do not cross each other.
  • the articles are piled up on the surface of the conveyor, which can be realized by setting a compartment on the conveying surface, and the articles fall into the compartments naturally after falling on the conveyor, and then are counted, and since the piles of the articles are counted, It is restricted by the division, and the piles of different compartments do not intersect each other. Therefore, it is guaranteed that the number of items obtained is the most realistic during the conveyance of the conveyor until the output, which is relative to the prior art items. After being counted, it is temporarily stored. In the case where the item path is wrong after counting and the number of genuine temporary items does not match the count, the present invention clearly provides superior reliability.
  • the conveyor can also move continuously, and the supply of articles can be continuous.
  • the cells are distributed in rows and columns so that each item can be pre-determined at the turnout and position of the conveyor output.
  • the items in the same item stack can be easily collected at the output. .
  • the articles are piled up by periodically starting and stopping the conveyor, and the cycle limitation of starting and stopping itself limits the overall production capacity, and the invention obviously makes the flow of the goods smoother and Provide more room for capacity increase.
  • the stack of articles is arranged in rows and columns on the conveying surface, and a row of articles arranged in a lateral direction of the conveyor is a stack of articles, and a row of articles arranged in the conveying direction of the conveyor is stacked in a row.
  • the stack is distributed over the conveying surface of the conveyor in more than one column and/or more than one row.
  • the present invention allows for the calculation of the number of items by means of both line scanning and photographing.
  • the flattening is a single layer, which can be realized by adding a vibration mechanism or a scraper to the conveyor, and the single layer of the article can conveniently take the image pile by means of line scanning or photographing, and then analyze The image can clearly know the number of items.
  • the discrete article dispensing method of the present invention can take the image method to know the exact number of articles in the stack of articles and then obtain a different number of stacks of articles in a combined form, which can be widely applied to discrete article distribution.
  • a method for quantitatively distributing discrete articles including
  • Step one continuously supplying the articles to the conveyor, the articles are flattened into a single layer on the conveying surface of the conveyor and separated into piles of articles, and the piles of articles are conveyed to the output end of the conveyor;
  • Step 2 Count the number of items included in each item pile to obtain the number of items in each item pile;
  • Step 3 Find at least one item stack combination in the pile of articles on the conveying surface that is known to have the number of items included; the sum of the number of items and the number of target items in the pile of items included in the item stack combination Same; mark the stack of items belonging to the same item stack as belonging to the item pile combination, combine each item pile found in the conveyor output, and use one container to receive a pile combination; any one piled up in the same The output of the exit conveyor is still not selected to an item stack, and the pile is removed from the output.
  • the present invention is to quantitatively distribute articles, which can realize the output of different number of articles in a more efficient and simpler manner by combining the stacks of articles on the conveying surface, and when the articles on the conveying surface are available for selection, The greater the number, the higher the chances of being able to output items according to a target value.
  • the pile of articles is constantly flowing on the conveyor, and new items can continuously land on the surface of the conveyor and form a pile of articles, which are also continuously outputted, that is, the number of piles of articles that can be selected.
  • the number of items available for combinatorial calculations is constantly changing, and the appropriate combination will continue to appear.
  • the temporary storage bin is used to store the pile of goods, and new ones will appear. After the combination of the values, you need to put new items into the temporary storage, and some of the temporary storage positions that already contain the items will be superimposed, and eventually the quantity overflows (that is, in a temporary storage). The case where the number of items is greater than the target number). This method clearly avoids the problem of quantitative overflow in the prior art.
  • the unselected items piled up in the output are to be rejected (the rejected item pile can be recycled back to the feeder), which is a discount to the capacity, but as long as the items that need to be rejected are piled up proportion Sufficiently small, in combination with the above-mentioned advantages in terms of productivity, the present invention can provide a superior overall production capacity.
  • the present invention can provide a superior overall production capacity.
  • FIG. 1 shows a stack of articles arranged in a single row on a conveyor. The output is received by only one container at the same time, so the next stack of items must be output after a stack of items is completely output. With the goal number allocation of 50, there are 4 piles of items that need to be rejected.
  • FIG. 2 shows the stack of items in the same row, but the output can be received by up to two containers at the same time, and no piles of items need to be rejected.
  • FIG. 3 shows a stack of four rows of articles on a conveyor.
  • the number of articles in each stack is randomly changed between 5 and 12, and the output is received by two containers at the same time.
  • the number of targets is allocated, and 4 items in the first 17 rows of items to be output need to be rejected.
  • FIG. 4 shows the same 4-row item stack, with up to two containers being received simultaneously, and distributed according to the target number of 50, but the size of the item pile is reduced to a random variation between 1 and 9, first output There are no piles of items to be rejected in the 17-item pile.
  • FIG. 5 shows the same size distribution of an item stack as in FIG. 3, and the same stack can receive the pile of items from up to two containers and use 50 as the target number, since each item can be tolerated,
  • the number of items to be stacked may be no more than 50, and there is no pile of items to be rejected in the first 17 rows of articles to be output.
  • the third step when a new pile of articles that have been counted appears on the conveying surface, a combination is found in the pile of the newly-counted piles that have been counted and the original piled items that have been counted.
  • the pile of items of the original conveying surface that has been counted does not contain a pile of items that have been marked to the stack of items.
  • the third step when a new counted item stack appears on the transport surface, a combination is found in the pile of all the counted items that have been counted on the newly added counted item stack and the transport surface. [0082] Wherein, in the third step, after searching for the product stack, the operation is performed in the order of the output end of the stack of the goods, and the priority is first searched in the pile of goods at the output end of the conveyor.
  • the counting is performed by taking an image of the object, and analyzing the obtained image to obtain the number of items in the pile.
  • the number of the target items is a value of one value or a range of values.
  • Embodiment 3 proposes to perform the allocation by the form of the replenishment, in which the number of items does not exist in the unmarked item pile of the conveying surface. Combine the same number of items as the target item, find a combination of items containing less than the target item, and calculate the difference between the number of items included in the item stack and the target number. And make up the difference to the container that receives the stack of items.
  • the items of the difference are distributed into the container by a feeding mechanism that can accurately output an arbitrary number of items.
  • the method of replenishing the output piles of the output piles is used to achieve the quantitative distribution of the articles.
  • the allowable replenishment can greatly reduce the need to remove the piles of articles, and the allowable replenishment is opposite to the rejection of the piles of articles.
  • the more the number of replenishment items allowed to be replenished the smaller the chances of eliminating the pile of items, and vice versa. Therefore, within a certain degree of allowable replenishment, it is possible to completely eliminate the need to eliminate the pile of items.
  • Replenishment requires work time. In an ideal situation, the number of replenishment should be as small as possible, so that the performance requirements of the refueling mechanism will be lower.
  • the number of first allocations can be closer to the target number, and the number of overflows does not occur.
  • the difference between the number of first allocations and the number of targets is random. If it is necessary to ensure that it does not exceed the target number, it is necessary to accept a larger number of complements.
  • the number of articles in the pile of articles is random, after combination, the randomness between the pile of articles and the pile of articles cancels each other, In the end, a combination that can be controlled closer to the target number can be derived.
  • the first distribution amount is already known before the item is actually output and distributed, and the feeding mechanism has sufficient daytime preparation.
  • the feeding mechanism can use the time saved by the small number of replenishment to be used in a plurality of replenishment stacks, so that the feeding mechanism can work more efficiently.
  • the number of replenishment is obtained after the output of the first distributed item stack, and the feeding mechanism needs a short inter-turn reaction and completes the replenishment output to avoid affecting the next cycle.
  • the complements in different periods are not complementary, which means that even if the feeding mechanism completes the replenishment output in advance in a small number of replenishment, the saved time can not be used in the replenishment work of another period. In this way, the speed of the feeding mechanism needs to be realized according to the maximum number of replenishment, the mechanical and control requirements of the feeding mechanism are extremely high, or the feeding mechanism may become a bottleneck of the overall production capacity.
  • the supply of articles in the present invention is continuous, and the stack of articles first dispensed in the prior art is realized by starting and stopping the conveyor, and the present invention provides better productivity and smoother flow. Operation
  • Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides a quantitative dispensing device for discrete articles, as shown in FIG. 6, including
  • a quantitative dispensing device for discrete articles including
  • a feeder 9 for continuously supplying articles to the conveyor 10;
  • the conveyor 10 is configured to carry the articles continuously supplied by the feeder 9 to make a single layer of the article flat on the conveying surface of the conveyor 10;
  • the counting compartment 11 is disposed on the conveying surface of the conveyor 10, and is used for dividing the output articles of the feeder 13 into the stack of articles on the conveyor 10.
  • the image capturing device 7 is configured to continuously take images of the conveying surface of the conveyor 10 to obtain an image of the article in each counting division 11 of the conveying surface;
  • a central control unit configured to analyze an image of the item to obtain the number of items in the item pile in each of the counting cells 11; and to find an item pile combination in which the number of items included is not greater than the number of the target items;
  • the flow dividing device 6 is configured to dispense or reject the pile of articles in each of the counting compartments 11 on the conveying surface of the conveyor 10;
  • the counting cells 11 are arranged in rows and columns on the conveying surface, and a row of articles arranged in the lateral direction of the conveyor 10 is stacked in a row, and a row of articles arranged in the conveying direction of the conveyor 10 is stacked in a row.
  • the counting cells 11 are distributed over the conveying surface of the conveyor 10 in more than one column and/or more than one row. With this form of distribution, each item can be pre-determined between the turns and the position of the conveyor output, and the items in the same product stack can be easily collected at the output.
  • the flow dividing device 6 includes a flow divider and a concentrator, the concentrator is disposed under the flow divider, and at least one collecting channel is disposed, and an output end of each collecting channel is provided with a container, and the shunt device A shunting channel is provided corresponding to each row of counting cells to receive the item pile outputted from the row and divide it into any one of the collecting channels of the concentrator.
  • the concentrator is arranged as a first collection channel 1 and a second collection channel 2, the feed ends of the first collection channel 1 and the second collection channel 2 are respectively connected to the shunt device 6, the first collection channel 1 and the A first container 3 and a second container 4 are disposed below the second collection channel 2.
  • Embodiment 5 The difference between Embodiment 5 and Embodiment 4 is that: as shown in FIG. 7, a feeding mechanism is added, which can accurately output an arbitrary number of articles, and the feeding mechanism includes a feeding conveyor 12.
  • the feeding and taking device 8 the feeding conveyor 12 transports the articles in a single row and outputs them individually, and the feeding and taking device 8 is disposed at the output end of the feeding conveyor 12 for outputting the feeding conveyor 12 Taking the image, the feeding image
  • the device 8 is electrically connected to the central control unit, and transmits the captured image of the item to the central control unit for counting.
  • the flow dividing device 6 is provided with a feed splitter passage that receives the articles output from the feed conveyor 12 and can transport them to any one of the collection passages.

Abstract

一种离散式物品的分配方法，包括步骤一、向输送器（10）连续供应物品，物品在输送器（10）的输送表面被铺平为单层并被分隔为物品堆，物品堆向输送器（10）的输出端输送；步骤二、对每个物品堆所包含的物品的个数进行计数，获得每个物品堆中的物品个数；步骤三、在输送表面上已得知所含物品个数的物品堆中寻找至少一个物品堆组合，并将其输出。相对于现有技术中通过把输送器（10）周期性地起动及停止来实现把物品分堆，而启动及停止的周期限制本身便局限着整体产能，通过该方法能明显地使物品流更畅顺并提供更大的产能提升空间。

Description

说明书
发明名称：一种离散式物品的分配方法、 定量分配方法及其分配装 置
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及离散式物品定量分配技术领域， 具体涉及一种离散式物品的分配方 法、 定量分配方法及其分配装置。
背景技术
[0002] 现有的行业之中对离散物品的定量计数的装置， 普遍使用方法有机械式的数粒 机， 光电式的数粒机,及基于视觉技术的数粒机等。
[0003] 机械式的数粒机使用一个带固定数量凹位的转盘,当中每个凹位刚可容一粒物 品,通过旋转、 震动、 及刮平等方法， 转盘带出刚好填满凹位的物品， 再释出包 装。 这方法较简单及便宜， 但产能低， 也会因为偶尔填不满物品而造成误差， 并且在刮走多余物品吋对物品造成伤害。
[0004] 光电式数粒机使用多通道的方式， 使用一组多轨道的震盘把物品向前输送， 同 吋通过多层的震动， 把物品之间的距离逐步拉幵， 最后物品被铺排成多条单一 的队列且物品与物品之间被拉幵一定距离， 至震盘末端以自由落体的方式下掉 ， 物品在下掉吋触发对应其所属通道的光电传感器计数， 之后收集到容器内。 每条通道的光电传感器下面都设有一个自动闸门， 在达到目标数量吋关闭， 用 以区分幵每堆物品。 但是， 多通道式的数粒机由于需要把物品在输送过程中分 成不同单列通道及物品之间分幵， 使光电传感器可以被有效触发， 物品的输送 机构变得很庞大， 为生产环境的安排带来很多不便。 另外， 光电传感器由于要 靠近物品通道工作， 容易被物品所带出的粉尘所污染， 造成计数误差。
[0005] 基于视觉技术的数粒方法使用整堆计数的方式， 不需要把物品分幵而只需把物 品铺成单层使每一个物品都可以被取得影像， 并通过实吋分析所得到的图像对 物品计数。 中国发明专利， 专利申请号为 "201210509818.7"公幵了一种物品的分 配方法及装置， 该方法使用连续取像的方式对落下的物品进行计数， 先分配出 接近而不大于目标个数的物品， 然后使用一个补料机构把首次分配出的个数与 目标个数的相差个数补足， 最终达到目标个数的定量分配。 为了达到准确补料 的目的， 补料机构必定要能够单个地控制所输出的物品的数量， 工作效率较低， 但是,在输送器停止吋,由于惯性原因而被继续输出的物品数量是不可控的,在要保 证首次输出的数量不大于目标数量的前提下,首次输出的个数便需要与目标个数 保持一个较大的差距，那么补料所需的吋间也便更多,造成整体产能的一个限制。
[0006] 中国发明发明专利， 专利申请号 201410109547.5公幵了一种物品定量分堆及计 数的方法及装置， 属于基于视觉技术的数粒方法， 通过多条物品通道及把输送 器周期性的起动及停止， 把物品分成多个物品堆输出， 及对正在落下的物品堆 连续取像并分析所得图像中的物品影像以得出物品堆的物品个数， 并把每个物 品堆存于一个暂存仓之中， 对不同的暂存仓中的物品个数进行组合运算， 寻找 总和为目标个数的一个组合， 并把其释出以取得目标个数的分配。 这个方法突 破了上述补差方法中由于补料机构的效率及首次分配量的随机性等因数对产能 所造成的影响。 但是， 由于机械及物理空间的限制， 暂存仓的数目是有限的， 那么， 便有机会发生找不到组合的情况， 以及需要把两堆物品在同一个暂存仓 中叠加及暂存仓数量溢出的情况， 这都会对产能造成影响。
[0007] 以上的两种基于视觉技术的数粒方法都是通过把输送器起动及停止来把物品流 分断， 从而达到把物品分堆的效果的。 补差方法中， 输送器的每次起动及停止 ， 便对应一堆目标个数的物品分配； 而在组合方法中， 输送器每次起动及停止 ， 便分出多个物品堆， 再通过组合物品堆而得出目标个数的物品分配。 那么， 不论哪一个方法， 系统的总体产能都受到实际可以操作输送器的起动及停止的 周期所限制， 而在实际操作中， 由于输送器本身的惯量对起动及停止的反应的 限制， 及输送器停止吋等待物品完全停止输出所需的延吋， 都占用了相对多的 周期吋间， 以致在很多情况下输送器的启动及停止周期都变成系统产能的瓶颈
[0008] 因此， 针对现有技术中的存在的问题， 亟需提供一种分配效率更高、 可靠而制 造成本合理的离散式物品的分配方法、 定量分配方法及其分配装置的技术显得 尤为重要。
技术问题 [0009] 本发明的发明目的在于克服现有技术存在的问题， 提供一种分配效率高、 可靠 且制造成本较低的离散式物品的分配方法、 定量分配方法及其分配装置。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0010] 提供一种离散式物品的分配方法， 包括
[0011] 步骤一、 向输送器连续供应物品， 物品在输送器的输送表面被铺平为单层并被 分隔为物品堆， 物品堆向输送器的输出端输送；
[0012] 步骤二、 对每个物品堆所包含的物品的个数进行计数， 获得每个物品堆中的物 品个数；
[0013] 步骤三、 在输送表面上已得知所含物品个数的物品堆中寻找至少一个物品堆组 合， 并将其输出。
[0014] 其中， 所述步骤一中， 通过在输送器的输送表面设置分格的形式将物品分隔为 物品堆， 所述物品进入分格内， 每个分格将物品形成一个物品堆， 不同分格的 物品堆互不交差。
[0015] 其中， 物品堆以行和列的形式排布于输送表面， 输送器的横向排布的一排物品 堆为一列， 输送器的输送方向排布的一排物品堆为一行， 物品堆以多于一列和 / 或多于一行的形式在输送器的输送表面分布。
[0016] 一种离散式物品的定量分配方法， 包括
[0017] 步骤一、 向输送器连续供应物品， 物品在输送器的输送表面被铺平为单层并被 分隔为物品堆， 物品堆向输送器的输出端输送；
[0018] 步骤二、 对每个物品堆所包含的物品的个数进行计数， 获得每个物品堆中的物 品个数；
[0019] 步骤三、 在输送表面上已得知所含物品个数的物品堆中寻找至少一个物品堆组 合； 所述物品堆组合所包含的物品堆的物品个数的总和与目标物品个数相同； 将寻找到的每一个物品堆组合在输送器输出吋， 使用一个容器接收一个物品堆 组合。
[0020] 其中， 所述步骤三中， 任何一个物品堆在离幵输送器的输出端吋仍未被选中至 一个物品堆组合吋， 则在输出吋剔除该物品堆。 [0021] 剔除是指将该物品堆不送入任何一个用以收集目标物品个数的容器；
[0022] 其中， 所述步骤三中， 当输送表面新加入已被计数的物品堆吋， 在新加入的已 被计数的物品堆和 /输送表面原有的已被计数的物品堆中寻找物品堆组合， 所述 输送表面原有的已被计数的物品堆不含已被选中至物品堆组合的物品堆。
[0023] 其中， 所述步骤三中， 当输送表面新加入已被计数的物品堆吋， 在新加入的已 被计数的物品堆和输送表面原有的所有已被计数物品堆中寻找物品堆组合。
[0024] 其中， 所述步骤三中， 当输送表面的未有被选中至一个物品堆组合的物品堆中 不存在一个物品个数与目标物品个数相同的物品堆组合吋， 找出一个所包含物 品个数小于目标物品个数的物品堆组合， 计算出该物品堆组合所含的物品个数 与目标个数的相差个数； 并向接收该物品堆组合的容器补足相差个数。
[0025] 其中， 所述步骤三中， 通过一个可以精确地输出任意个数的物品的补料机构， 向所述容器内分配所述相差个数的物品。
[0026] 其中， 所述步骤三中， 在寻找品堆组合吋， 以物品堆离幵输送器的输出端的先 后顺序进行运算， 优先在先离幵输送器输出端的物品堆中寻找。
[0027] 其中， 所述步骤二中， 所述的计数为通过对物品堆取像， 并对所得到的图像进 行分析以得到物品堆中的物品个数。
[0028] 其中， 所述目标物品个数为一个个数值或一个范围的个数值。
[0029] 当目标物品个数为一个范围的个数值吋， 上述步骤三中与目标物品个数相同是 指与该范围的个数值中的一个个数值相同。
[0030] 一种对离散式物品的定量分配装置， 包括
[0031] 供料器， 用于向输送器连续供应物品；
[0032] 输送器， 用于承载供料器连续供应的物品， 使物品单层平铺于输送器的输送表 面；
[0033] 计数分格， 设置于输送器的输送表面， 用于将物品在输送器上分隔成为物品堆
[0034] 取像装置， 用于对输送器的输送表面连续取像， 获得输送表面上每个计数分格 内的物品影像；
[0035] 中央控制单元， 用于对物品影像进行分析， 以获得每个计数分格内的物品堆的 物品个数； 并寻找所含物品个数不大于目标物品个数的物品堆组合；
[0036] 分流装置， 用于将输送器输出的每个计数分格内的物品堆分配到容器或把其剔 除；
[0037] 容器， 用于接收分流装置所分配的物品堆组合。
[0038] 其中， 计数分格以行和列的形式排布于输送表面， 输送器的横向排布的一排物 品堆为一列， 输送器的输送方向排布的一排物品堆为一行， 计数分格以多于一 列和 /或多于一行的形式在输送器的输送表面分布。
[0039] 其中， 所述分流装置包括分流器和汇集器， 所述汇集器设置于所述分流器下方 ， 所述汇集器设置有至少一条汇集通道， 每条汇集通道的输出端设置有一个容 器， 所述分流器对应每行计数分格设置有一个分流通道以接收从该行计数分格 输出的物品堆并将其分流至汇集器的任意一条汇集通道或剔除。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0040] 本发明的有益效果如下：
[0041] 本发明在输送器表面把物品分堆及计数， 并同吋选取合适的物品堆组合， 在物 品堆从输送器输出吋便直接送入容器， 当中不需使用暂存仓。
[0042] 暂存仓是位于输送器与容器之间的一组机构， 为了达到暂存物品及释出物品的 目的， 每个暂存仓必须要设有可以独立控制幵关的闸门， 在实际情况下由于物 理空间及传动路径的限制， 暂存仓越多， 机械结构便会越庞大及传动路径也越 复杂， 所以暂存仓的数目便有所限制， 但设置太少的暂存仓的话便会造成找不 到合适组合及数量溢出等情况增加。 而本发明由于不需要使用暂存仓， 物品在 离幵输送器后便可以直接进入容器， 路经大大缩短， 不但节省了空间， 而且也 简化了机构。
[0043] 物品在输送器的输送表面分堆， 可以通过在输送表面设置分格来实现， 物品落 在输送器吋便自然地落入分格， 之后才被计数， 而由于物品堆被计数吋是已经 被分格所限制， 不同分格的物品堆互不交差， 因此， 保证了在输送器输送过程 中直至输出吋， 所得出的物品个数是最真实的， 相对于现有技术中物品是在计 数后才被暂存， 那当中便可能发生计数后物品路径出错而使真正的暂存物品个 数与计数不符的情况， 本发明明显地提供更优越的可靠性。 同吋， 物品是自然 地落入分格的， 而使用组合不同物品堆的方法来达到一个精确的物品个数， 物 品堆的大小便可以是随机的， 不用精确控制落入分格的物品个数， 于是输送器 便可以连续地运动， 物品的供应也便可以是连续的。 分格以行和列的方式分布 ， 使每一个物品堆在输送器输出的吋间及位置都可以被预先确定， 同一个物品 堆组合中的物品堆在输出吋便可以容易地被归集起来。 相对于现有技术中通过 把输送器周期性地起动及停止来实现把物品分堆， 而启动及停止的周期限制本 身便局限着整体产能， 本发明很明显地能使物品流更畅顺并提供更大的产能提 升空间。
[0044] 本发明的一个目的是要输出一个精确个数的物品， 在本发明中每个物品堆是以 取像的方法被精确计数的， 而每个在输送器表面被选中的物品堆组合的物品个 数是其所含物品堆的物品个数的总和， 所以所输出的物品堆组合的个数也是精 确的。 在输送器表面的物品堆越多， 可以通过组合物品堆而得出的物品个数的 可能值便越多， 那么输送器可以满足不同的输出个数的需要而输出物品的适用 性便越强。 输送器表面的物品堆的数目是可以通过增加输送器表面的分格的数 目来达到的， 而这也是很容易地通过一些简单的配置更改便可实现， 这包括缩 小每个分格的大小， 加长或加宽输送器等。 相对于现有技术中使用暂存仓的方 法， 需要增加暂存仓的数目吋便需要相应地加入新的闸门及传动机构， 本发明 的方便性及灵活性十分明显。
[0045] 本发明的另一个有益之处是可以容许在计数的同吋对物品的外形进行检测， 由 于物品是平铺在输送表面被取像的， 而在输送平面的承托下， 物品的朝向是稳 定的， 也是说物品的影像的形状大小应该也是固定的， 这样便容许取像计数的 同吋， 对每个物品影像与预设的影像及参数进行比对， 以找出有外形破损的物 品。 在发现有外形破损的物品吋， 只要不把其所属的物品堆用作选取组合之用 ， 该物品堆在输出吋便会被自动剔除。 相对于现有技术中， 物品是在自由落体 的状态下被取像的， 物品没有固定的朝向， 形状检测便不可能进行。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明 [0046] 图 1 : 一个单行的物品堆分布及最多一个容器同吋接收物品堆的分配示意图
[0047] 图 2: 一个单行的物品堆分布及最多两个容器同吋接收物品堆的分配示意图
[0048] 图 3: 一个四行的物品堆分布， 使用较大的物品堆吋的分配示意图
[0049] 图 4: 一个四行的物品堆分布， 使用较小的物品堆吋的分配示意图
[0050] 图 5: 本发明的一个允许补差方式的分配示意图。
[0051] 图 6: 本发明的离散式物品的定量分配装置的结构示意图。
[0052] 图 7: 本发明的离散式物品的定量分配装置加补料机构的结构示意图。
[0053] 附图标记如下：
[0054] 1 第一汇集通道、 2 第二汇集通道、 3 第一容器、 4 第二容器
5—剔除的物品、 6—分流装置、 7—取像装置、 8—补料取像装置、 9_ _供料器、 10—输送器、 11—计数分格、 12—补料输送器。
本发明的实施方式
[0055] 为了使本发明的目的、 技术方案及优点更加清楚明白， 以下结合附图及实施例 ， 对本发明进行进一步详细说明。 应当理解， 此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用 以解释本发明， 并不用于限定本发明。
[0056] 实施例一
[0057] 一种离散式物品的分配方法， 包括步骤一、 向输送器连续供应物品， 物品在输 送器的输送表面被铺平为单层并被分隔为物品堆， 物品堆向输送器的输出端输 送； 步骤二、 对每个物品堆所包含的物品的个数进行计数， 获得每个物品堆中 的物品个数； 步骤三、 在输送表面上已得知所含物品个数的物品堆中寻找至少 一个物品堆组合， 并将其输出。
[0058] 本发明在输送器表面把物品分堆及计数， 并同吋提取合适的物品堆组合， 在物 品堆从输送器输出吋便直接送入容器， 当中不需使用暂存仓。
[0059] 暂存仓是位于输送器与容器之间的一组机构， 为了达到暂存物品及释出物品的 目的， 每个暂存仓必须要设有可以独立控制幵关的闸门， 在实际情况下由于物 理空间及传动路径的限制， 暂存仓越多， 机械结构便会越庞大及传动路径也越 复杂， 所以暂存仓的数目便有所限制， 但设置太少的暂存仓的话便会造成找不 到合适组合及数量溢出等情况增加。 而本发明由于不需要使用暂存仓， 物品在 离幵输送器后便可以直接进入容器， 路经大大缩短， 也节省了空间， 及简化了 机构。
[0060] 所述步骤一中， 通过在输送器的输送表面设置分格的形式将物品分隔为物品堆 ， 所述物品进入分格内， 每个分格将物品形成一个物品堆， 不同分格的物品堆 互不交差。
[0061] 物品在输送器表面分堆， 可以通过在输送表面设置分格来实现， 物品落在输送 器吋便自然地落入分格， 之后才被计数， 而由于物品堆被计数吋是已经被分格 所限制， 不同分格的物品堆互不交差， 因此， 保证了在输送器输送过程中直至 输出吋， 所得出的物品个数是最真实的， 相对于现有技术中物品是在计数后才 被暂存， 那当中便可能发生计数后物品路径出错而使真正的暂存物品个数与计 数不符的情况， 本发明明显地提供更优越的可靠性。 同吋， 物品是自然地落入 分格的， 而使用组合不同物品堆的方法来达到一个精确的个数， 物品堆的大小 便可以是随机的， 不用精确控制落入分格的物品个数， 于是输送器也便可以连 续地运动， 物品的供应也便可以是连续的。 分格以行和列的方式分布， 使每一 个物品堆在输送器输出的吋间及位置都可以被预先确定， 同一个物品堆组合中 的物品堆在输出吋便可以容易地被归集起来。 相对于现有技术中通过把输送器 周期性地起动及停止来实现把物品分堆， 而启动及停止的周期限制本身便局限 着整体产能， 本发明很明显地能使物品流更畅顺并提供更大的产能提升空间。
[0062] 物品堆以行和列的形式排布于输送表面， 输送器的横向排布的一排物品堆为一 歹 |J， 输送器的输送方向排布的一排物品堆为一行， 物品堆以多于一列和 /或多于 一行的形式在输送器的输送表面分布。 本发明容许包括线扫描的方式和拍照两 种形式实现物品的个数计算。
[0063] 所说的铺平为单层， 可以通过在输送器加入振动机构或者刮板等形式实现， 物 品单层可以方便的通过线扫描或者拍照的形式对物品堆进行取像， 进而通过分 析图像即可清楚的获知物品的个数。
[0064] 本发明的离散式物品分配方法， 可以取像方法得知物品堆的精确物品个数并再 通过组合的形式获得不同个数的物品堆组合， 可以广泛适用于离散式物品分配 领域， 并且相比现有技术中使用称重的方式并与已知的物品平均重量来比较以 评估物品个数， 再进行组合运算， 本发明可以获得精确个数的物品堆组合， 且 分配效率高。
[0065] 实施例 2
[0066] 一种离散式物品的定量分配方法， 包括
[0067] 步骤一、 向输送器连续供应物品， 物品在输送器的输送表面被铺平为单层并被 分隔为物品堆， 物品堆向输送器的输出端输送；
[0068] 步骤二、 对每个物品堆所包含的物品的个数进行计数， 获得每个物品堆中的物 品个数；
[0069] 步骤三、 在输送表面上已得知所含物品个数的物品堆中寻找至少一个物品堆组 合； 所述物品堆组合所包含的物品堆的物品个数的总和与目标物品个数相同； 将属于同一个物品堆组合的物品堆标记为属于该个物品堆组合， 将寻找到的每 一个物品堆组合在输送器输出吋， 使用一个容器接收一个物品堆组合； 任何一 个物品堆在离幵输送器的输出端吋仍未被选中至一个物品堆组合吋， 在输出吋 剔除该物品堆。
[0070] 本发明是把物品作定量分配， 能够更有效及更简单方便地以输送表面的物品堆 组合的方式来实现不同个数的物品的输出， 而当输送表面上可供选取的物品堆 数目越多， 当中能够实现按照一个目标值来输出物品的机会也便更高。 在本方 法中， 物品堆在输送器上是不断流动的， 新的物品可以不断地落在输送器表面 并形成物品堆， 也被不断地输出， 也是说， 可以被选择的物品堆的的数目虽然 是有限的， 但可供组合运算所用的物品个数的数值是不断变化的， 合适的组合 便也会不断地出现， 相对于现有技术中使用暂存仓来贮存物品堆， 要出现新的 个数值来作组合运算吋， 便需要向暂存仓投入新的物品， 而当中部分已经载有 物品的暂存仓便会发生数量叠加， 而最终发生数量溢出 （即一个暂存仓中的物 品个数大于目标个数） 的情况。 本方法很明显地避免了现有技术中作定量分配 吋发生数量溢出的问题。
[0071] 当然， 没有被选中的物品堆在输出吋要被剔除 （被剔除的物品堆可以被循环回 到供料器使用） ， 对产能是一个折扣， 但只要使到需要被剔除的物品堆的比例 足够小， 结合以上所述在产能方面的有益之处， 是本发明便可以提供更优越的 综合产能。 而很明显， 在定量分配的前提下， 在输送器表面的物品堆必定会有 一些是不能被使用于被选中的物品堆组合中的， 但可以通过以下的安排来达到 减低需要剔除的物品堆的比例：
[0072] 使用更多的容器同吋接收物品堆。 以下范例说明了这个因素的影响：
[0073] 图一显示了在一个输送器上有单行铺排的物品堆， 输出吋同一吋间只由一个容 器接收， 所以必须在一个物品堆组合完全输出后才可以输出下一个物品堆组合 ， 按照 50的目标个数分配， 出现了 4个需要被剔除的物品堆。
[0074] 图二显示了同一行的物品堆， 但输出吋同一吋间可以由最多两个容器来接收， 没有物品堆需要被剔除。
[0075] 使用较小的物品堆。 以下范例说明了这个因素的影响：
[0076] 图三显示一个输送器上有 4行的物品堆， 每个物品堆的物品个数在 5~12之间随 机变化， 输出吋同一吋间由可以由两个容器来接收， 按照 50的目标个数分配， 在首先输出的 17列物品堆中有 4个物品堆需要被剔除。
[0077] 图四显示了同样的 4行物品堆， 最多两个容器同吋接收， 及按照 50的目标个数 分配， 但物品堆的大小缩小为于 1~9之间随机变化， 在首先输出的 17列物品堆中 没有需要被剔除的物品堆。
[0078] 容许对输出的物品堆组合进行补差来达到目标个数。 以下范例说明了这个因素 的影响：
[0079] 图五显示了与图三同样的一个物品堆的大小分布， 同样以同一吋间可以由最多 两个容器来接收物品堆及以 50作为目标个数， 由于可以容许补差， 每个物品堆 组合的物品个数只要是不大于 50便可， 在首先输出的 17列物品堆中没有需要被 剔除的物品堆。
[0080] 所述步骤三中， 当输送表面出现新的已被计数的物品堆吋， 在新加入的已被计 数的物品堆和 /原输送表面原有的已被计数的物品堆中寻找组合， 所述原输送表 面的已被计数的物品堆中不含已被标记至物品堆组合的物品堆。
[0081] 所述步骤三中， 当输送表面出现新的已被计数的物品堆吋， 在新加入的已被计 数的物品堆和输送表面的原有的所有已被计数物品堆中寻找组合。 [0082] 其中， 所述步骤三中， 在寻找品堆组合吋， 以物品堆离幵输送器的输出端的先 后顺序进行运算， 优先在先离幵输送器输出端的物品堆中寻找。
[0083] 其中， 所述步骤二中， 所述的计数为通过对物品堆取像， 并对所得到的图像进 行分析以得到物品堆中的物品个数。
[0084] 其中， 所述目标物品个数为一个个数值或一个范围的个数值。
[0085] 实施例 3
[0086] 实施例 3与实施例 2的区别在于： 本实施例提出了通过补差的形式进行分配， 所 述步骤三中， 当输送表面的未有被标记的物品堆中不存在一个物品个数与目标 物品个数相同的物品堆组合吋， 找出一个所包含物品个数小于目标物品个数的 物品堆组合， 计算出该物品堆组合所含的物品个数与目标个数的相差个数； 并 向接收该物品堆组合的容器补足相差个数。
[0087] 所述步骤三中， 通过一个可以精确地输出任意个数的物品的补料机构， 向所述 容器内分配所述相差个数的物品。
[0088] 使用对输出的物品堆组合补差的方法来达到物品的定量分配， 在以上的说明之 中， 明显看出容许补差可以大大的减少剔除物品堆的需要， 容许补差与剔除物 品堆是相对的， 容许对物品堆组合补差个数越多， 需要剔除物品堆的机会便越 小， 相反亦然。 所以， 在一定程度的可容许的补差个数内， 是有可能可以完全 消除对剔除物品堆的需要的。 补差是需要工作吋间的， 在理想的情况下， 补差 个数应该越小越好， 这样对于补料机构的效能要求便会较低， 而在实际应用中 ， 通过使用上述所提的不同的安排来减低剔除物品堆的需要， 以及容许一个合 理地由现有技术可以轻易达到的补差个数， 便可以做到完全消除剔除物品堆的 需要。 而相对于现有技术中， 中国发明专利， 专利申请号" 201210509818.7"公幵 的一种物品的分配方法及装置， 同样地使用补差的方式来达到目标个数， 本发 明明显地提供以下技术优势：
[0089] 本发明中， 首次分配个数可以更接近目标个数， 同吋也不会出现数量溢出的情 况。 现有技术中， 首次分配个数与目标个数的相差是完存随机的， 需要保证不 超于目标个数， 便需要接受较大的补差个数。 本发明中， 虽然物品堆的物品个 数是随机的， 但经过组合之后， 物品堆与物品堆之间的随机性便相互抵消， 最 终便可以得出一个可以受控地更接近目标个数的组合。 以下范例说明这一点： 假定物品堆的个数是在 5~15之间变化， 那么物品堆组合的物品个数与目标个数 的相差便应该不超于 15 (如果一个组合的物品个数大于 15， 便应该可以多取一 个物品堆而使结果更接近而不超于目标个数） ， 而这个相差个数便应该平均大 概在物品堆的变化范围的中间 （即 10个） 。 但是， 由于提取组合吋是可以有意 识地选择的， 而可供选择的组合的数目足够多的吋候， 这个相差数便应该平均 在一个更低的范围。 而事实上， 很容易可以看出， 在本方法中， 因为组合的选 取是有意识的， 提取组合吋能够得到与目标个数相同的机会是大大存在的， 而 同吋数量溢出的情况也不会发生。 相反， 在现有技术中， 根本上是不能容许首 次分配量便得出目标个数的情况， 因这情况一旦出现， 便意味着数量溢出的情 况也必定会出现。
[0090] 本发明中， 首次分配量在物品实际被输出及分配前已经是得知的， 补料机构便 有充分的吋间准备， 而实际上， 在输送器上已经存在有多个已被选中的物品堆 组合吋， 补料机构便可以把小个数补差所节省的吋间用在多个数补差的物品堆 组合上， 使补料机构的工作更有效率。 相反， 在现有技术中， 补差个数是在首 次分配的物品堆输出后才得出的， 补料机构需要短吋间反应并完成补差输出， 以避免影响下一个周期。 同吋， 不同周期中的补差吋间也不可以互补， 也是说 就算在一次小个数补差中补料机构提前完成补差输出， 所节省的吋间也无法用 在另一个周期的补差工作上。 这样， 补料机构的速度便需要按最大的补差个数 来实现， 对补料机构的机械及控制要求极高， 又或是补料机构可能会变成整体 产能的瓶颈。
[0091] 如前所述， 本发明中物品的供应是连续的， 相对于现有技术中首次分配的物品 堆是通过起动及停止输送器来实现的， 本发明提供更优的产能及更流畅的运作
[0092] 实施例 4
[0093] 本发明的实施例 4提供了一种对离散式物品的定量分配装置， 如图 6所示， 包括
[0094] 一种离散式物品的定量分配装置， 包括
[0095] 供料器 9， 用于向输送器 10连续供应物品； [0096] 输送器 10， 用于承载供料器 9连续供应的物品， 使物品单层平铺于输送器 10的 输送表面；
[0097] 计数分格 11， 设置于输送器 10的输送表面， 用于将供料器 13输出物品在输送器 10上分为物品堆，
[0098] 取像装置 7， 用于对输送器 10的输送表面连续取像， 获得输送表面每个计数分 格 11内的物品影像；
[0099] 中央控制单元， 用于对物品影像进行分析， 以获得每个计数分格 11内的物品堆 的物品个数； 并寻找所含物品个数不大于目标物品个数的物品堆组合；
[0100] 分流装置 6， 用于将输送器 10的输送表面上的每个计数分格 11内的物品堆分配 到容器或把其剔除；
[0101] 容器， 用于接收分流装置 6分配的物品堆。
[0102] 计数分格 11以行和列的形式排布于输送表面， 输送器 10的横向排布的一排物品 堆为一列， 输送器 10的输送方向排布的一排物品堆为一行， 计数分格 11以多于 一列和 /或多于一行的形式在输送器 10的输送表面分布。 采用此种形式的分布， 能够使每一个物品堆在输送器输出的吋间及位置都可以被预先确定， 同一个物 品堆组合中的物品堆在输出吋便可以容易地被归集起来。
[0103] 所述分流装置 6包括分流器和汇集器， 所述汇集器设置于所述分流器下方， 设 置有至少一条汇集通道， 每条汇集通道的输出端设置有一个容器， 所述分流器 对应每行计数分格设置有一个分流通道以接收从该行计数分格输出的物品堆并 将其分流至汇集器的任意一条汇集通道。
[0104] 汇集器设置为第一汇集通道 1和第二汇集通道 2， 第一汇集通道 1和第二汇集通 道 2的进料端分别于分流装置 6连通， 所述第一汇集通道 1和第二汇集通道 2的下 方设置有第一容器 3和第二容器 4。
[0105] 实施例 5
[0106] 实施例 5与实施例 4的区别在于： 如图 7所示， 增设了补料机构， 所述补料机构 能够精确地输出任意个数物品， 所述补料机构包括补料输送器 12、 补料取像装 置 8， 补料输送器 12把物品单排输送并单个地输出， 补料取像装置 8设置于补料 输送器 12的输出端， 用于对补料输送器 12输出的物品进行取像， 所述补料取像 装置 8与所述中央控制单元电连接， 将取到的物品影像传输至中央控制单元计数
[0107] 分流装置 6设置有补料分流通道， 所述补料分流通道接收补料输送器 12输出的 物品， 并能够将其输送至任意一个汇集通道内。
[0108] 以上所述， 仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式， 但本发明的保护范围并不局限于 此， 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内， 可轻易想到 的变化或替换， 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 因此， 本发明的保护范围 应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。
工业实用性
[0109] 在此处键入工业实用性描述段落。
序列表自由内容
[0110] 在此处键入序列表自由内容描述段落。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种离散式物品的分配方法， 其特征在于： 包括
步骤一、 向输送器连续供应物品， 物品在输送器的输送表面被铺平为 单层并被分隔为物品堆， 物品堆向输送器的输出端输送；
步骤二、 对每个物品堆所包含的物品的个数进行计数， 获得每个物品 堆中的物品个数；
步骤三、 在输送表面上已得知所含物品个数的物品堆中寻找至少一个 物品堆组合， 并将其输出。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种离散式物品的分配方法， 其特征在于： 所 述步骤一中， 通过在输送器的输送表面设置分格的形式将物品分隔为 物品堆， 所述物品进入分格内， 每个分格将物品形成一个物品堆， 不 同分格的物品堆互不交差。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 2所述的一种离散式物品的分配方法， 其特征在于： 物 品堆以行和列的形式排布于输送表面， 输送器的横向排布的一排物品 堆为一列， 输送器的输送方向排布的一排物品堆为一行， 物品堆以多 于一列和 /或多于一行的形式在输送器的输送表面分布。
[权利要求 4] 一种离散式物品的定量分配方法， 其特征在于： 包括
步骤一、 向输送器连续供应物品， 物品在输送器的输送表面被铺平为 单层并被分隔为物品堆， 物品堆向输送器的输出端输送；
步骤二、 对每个物品堆所包含的物品的个数进行计数， 获得每个物品 堆中的物品个数；
步骤三、 在输送表面上已得知所含物品个数的物品堆中寻找至少一个 物品堆组合； 所述物品堆组合所包含的物品堆的物品个数的总和与目 标物品个数相同； 将寻找到的每一个物品堆组合在输送器输出吋， 使 用一个容器接收一个物品堆组合。
[权利要求 5] 根据权利要求 4所述的一种离散式物品的定量分配方法， 其特征在于
： 所述步骤三中， 任何一个物品堆在离幵输送器的输出端吋仍未被选 中至一个物品堆组合吋， 则在输出吋剔除该物品堆。 根据权利要求 4所述的一种离散式物品的定量分配方法， 其特征在于 ： 所述步骤三中， 当输送表面新加入已被计数的物品堆吋， 在新加入 的已被计数的物品堆和 /输送表面原有的已被计数的物品堆中寻找物 品堆组合， 所述输送表面原有的已被计数的物品堆不含已被选中至一 个物品堆组合的物品堆。
根据权利要求 4所述的一种离散式物品的定量分配方法， 其特征在于 ： 所述步骤三中， 当输送表面新加入已被计数的物品堆吋， 在新加入 的已被计数的物品堆和输送表面原有的所有已被计数物品堆中寻找物 品堆组合。
根据权利要求 4所述的一种离散式物品的定量分配方法， 其特征在于 ： 所述步骤三中， 当输送表面的未有被选中至一个物品堆组合的物品 堆中不存在一个物品个数与目标物品个数相同的物品堆组合吋， 找出 一个所包含物品个数小于目标物品个数的物品堆组合， 计算出该物品 堆组合所含的物品个数与目标个数的相差个数； 并向接收该物品堆组 合的容器补足相差个数。
根据权利要求 8所述的一种离散式物品的定量分配方法， 其特征在于 ： 所述步骤三中， 通过一个可以精确地输出任意个数的物品的补料机 构， 向所述容器内分配所述相差个数的物品。
根据权利要求 4至 9任意一项所述的一种离散式物品的定量分配方法， 其特征在于： 所述步骤三中， 在寻找品堆组合吋， 以物品堆离幵输送 器的输出端的先后顺序进行运算， 优先在先离幵输送器输出端的物品 堆中寻找。
根据权利要求 4所述的一种离散式物品的定量分配方法， 其特征在于 ： 所述步骤二中， 所述的计数为通过对物品堆取像， 并对所得到的图 像进行分析以得到物品堆中的物品个数。
根据权利要求 4所述的一种离散式物品的定量分配方法， 其特征在于 ： 所述目标物品个数为一个个数值或一个范围的个数值。
一种对离散式物品的定量分配装置， 其特征在于： 包括 供料器， 用于向输送器连续供应物品；
输送器， 用于承载供料器连续供应的物品， 使物品单层平铺于输送器 的输送表面；
计数分格， 设置于输送器的输送表面， 用于将物品在输送器上分隔成 为物品堆，
取像装置， 用于对输送器的输送表面连续取像， 获得输送表面上每个 计数分格内的物品影像；
中央控制单元， 用于对物品影像进行分析， 以获得每个计数分格内的 物品堆的物品个数； 并寻找所含物品个数不大于目标物品个数的物品 堆组合；
分流装置， 用于将输送器输出的每个计数分格内的物品堆分配到容器 或把其剔除；
容器， 用于接收分流装置所分配的物品堆组合。
[权利要求 14] 根据权利要求 13所述的一种对离散式物品的定量分配装置， 其特征在 于： 计数分格以行和列的形式排布于输送表面， 输送器的横向排布的 一排物品堆为一列， 输送器的输送方向排布的一排物品堆为一行， 计 数分格以多于一列和 /或多于一行的形式在输送器的输送表面分布。
[权利要求 15] 根据权利要求 14所述的一种对离散式物品的定量分配装置， 其特征在 于： 所述分流装置包括分流器和汇集器， 所述汇集器设置于所述分流 器下方， 所述汇集器设置有至少一条汇集通道， 每条汇集通道的输出 端设置有一个容器， 所述分流器对应每行计数分格设置有一个分流通 道以接收从该行计数分格输出的物品堆并将其分流至汇集器的任意一 条汇集通道或剔除。
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