WO2017113237A1 - 一种多功能蔬菜种植大棚 - Google Patents

一种多功能蔬菜种植大棚 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017113237A1
WO2017113237A1 PCT/CN2015/099970 CN2015099970W WO2017113237A1 WO 2017113237 A1 WO2017113237 A1 WO 2017113237A1 CN 2015099970 W CN2015099970 W CN 2015099970W WO 2017113237 A1 WO2017113237 A1 WO 2017113237A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vegetable planting
plastic film
ceiling
greenhouse
multifunctional vegetable
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/099970
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈文�
叶惠军
Original Assignee
深圳市华盛实业股份有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市华盛实业股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市华盛实业股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2015/099970 priority Critical patent/WO2017113237A1/zh
Priority to CN201580002647.0A priority patent/CN106488699A/zh
Publication of WO2017113237A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017113237A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/22—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like
    • A01G9/227—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like rolled up during non-use
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14—Greenhouses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/26—Electric devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of vegetable planting technology, and in particular to a multifunctional vegetable planting greenhouse.
  • the invention provides a multifunctional vegetable planting greenhouse, which has good air mobility and has obvious natural cooling effect, and can not only balance production in all seasons, but also save energy, protect the environment, and ensure quality.
  • a multifunctional vegetable planting greenhouse comprising a shed body and a roof, the roof comprising a plurality of sawtooth structure ceilings, the ceiling being provided with a rollable plastic film to form a palisade-shaped skylight, the ceiling
  • a sunshade net is arranged on the upper side, and two sides of the shed body are provided with a roll-up plastic film, and two ends of the shed body are respectively provided with a water curtain system and a fan system.
  • adjacent ceilings in the ceiling of the plurality of serrated structures Set the sink between.
  • the two ends of the water tank are respectively connected to the drain pipe.
  • a gas permeable net is disposed between adjacent ceilings in the ceiling of the plurality of serrated structures.
  • the above-mentioned rollable plastic film, shade net and roll-up plastic film are all electric.
  • the above-described electric scroll-up type plastic film is controlled by an electric film winder having a self-locking device capable of freely staying at any height.
  • the ceiling of the above-mentioned greenhouse is provided with a fixed micro-injection device.
  • the insect-resistant net is provided inside the roll-up plastic film on both sides of the shed body.
  • the above-mentioned roof is supported by the pillars in the above-mentioned shed.
  • the sunshade net is disposed at a height of 0.5 m or more above the ceiling.
  • the roof of the present invention comprises a plurality of saw-toothed structures, the ceiling is provided with a rollable plastic film to form a slidable skylight, and a sunshade net is arranged above the ceiling, and the two sides of the shed are provided with a roll-up type Plastic film, water curtain system and fan system are respectively arranged at both ends of the shed.
  • the vegetable planting greenhouse of the invention can realize balanced production in the four seasons, stabilize the vegetable price, and can save energy and protect the environment and ensure the quality.
  • the sunshade net above the ceiling is closed, so that the light is fully entered into the greenhouse to increase the illumination, and the roll-up plastic film on the roof and the sides are all closed to keep warm and moisturizing. effect.
  • the sunshade net snoring plays a role in sun protection during the hot and rainy season.
  • the upper roll and the plastic film on both sides of the shed are closed.
  • the water curtain system and the fan system in the shed are open, and the whole shed is in a fully enclosed state. Decrease the temperature in the greenhouse, and use the fixed sprinkler irrigation on the roof and the ground drip irrigation to determine the quantitative watering and fertilization.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a three-dimensional structure of a multifunctional vegetable planting greenhouse according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front elevational view of a multifunctional vegetable planting greenhouse along the longitudinal direction of the shed according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the multifunctional vegetable planting greenhouse shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 includes a shed body and a roof.
  • the roof includes a plurality of saw-shaped structures of the ceiling 4, and the ceiling 4 is provided with a rollable plastic film to form a shackle.
  • a closed sunroof is provided with a sunshade net 1 above the ceiling 4, and a roll-up plastic film 3 is arranged on both sides of the shed body, and a water curtain system 2 and a fan system 5 are respectively disposed at two ends of the shed body.
  • the roof is supported by the pillars 9 in the shed.
  • the roof includes a plurality of saw-toothed ceilings 4, wherein the sawtooth shape means that the roof as a whole has a zigzag cross section.
  • the multi-functional vegetable planting greenhouse shown in Fig. 1 is in the form of a cube.
  • the so-called "two sides of the shed body” refers to the two sides of the shed body in the longitudinal direction, that is, the top side of the roof 4 of a plurality of zigzag structures side by side.
  • the two sides of the upper shed; the so-called “two ends of the shed” are the longitudinally extending ends of the shed, that is, the longitudinally extending ends of the ceiling 4 of the plurality of serrated structures side by side.
  • the roll-up plastic film 3 disposed on both sides of the shed may cover the entire side or the cover portion.
  • the side faces, preferably covering the entire side, are provided to adequately protect against rain and heat.
  • the roll-up plastic film 3 is preferably an electric roll-up plastic film, which is installed on both sides of the greenhouse, and is controlled by an electric film winder.
  • the electric film roller has a self-locking device and can freely stay at any height, so that According to the specific ventilation requirements, the coverage of the roll-up plastic film 3 is adjusted to adjust the temperature and humidity in the shed.
  • the sunshade net 1 disposed above the ceiling 4 is preferably also an electric sunshade net, and a black yarn shade net may be used.
  • the electric sunshade net is very convenient to close, and the cover range of the sunshade net can be adjusted according to the specific needs of the light to realize the adjustment of the light intensity in the shed.
  • the height of the sunshade net 1 is suitably set at 0.5 m above the ceiling 4, and in the range of about 0.5 m (for example, 0.4 m, 0.5 m, 0.6 m or 0.7 m, etc.), a better shading effect can be obtained. .
  • the rollable plastic film provided in the ceiling 4 is preferably also an electric rollable plastic film, which is controlled by an electric film winder, so that the electric type can be adjusted according to specific ventilation requirements and the temperature and humidity requirements in the shed.
  • the coverage of the roll-type plastic film enables adjustment of the temperature and humidity in the shed.
  • the ceiling of the greenhouse of the invention adopts a sawtooth structure, the air flow in the shed is good, the natural cooling effect is obvious, the high humidity problem in the greenhouse can be quickly removed, and the part of the film window of the common round arch greenhouse is easy to accumulate water.
  • the electric roof is equipped with an electric rollable plastic film, and the whole design becomes a palisade.
  • the water curtain system 2 and the fan system are respectively disposed at two ends of the shed body.
  • the longitudinal direction of the shed body is east-west direction.
  • the water curtain system is installed on the west side of the shed body of the greenhouse. 2.
  • Install the fan system on the east to establish a cooling system for the wet curtain fan.
  • the wet curtain fan cooling system can be composed of a wet curtain box, a water supply system, an axial flow fan, and a control system, wherein the wet curtain box is composed of a box body, a wet curtain, and a circulating water supply and drainage system.
  • System and pool composition can be composed of a wet curtain box, a water supply system, an axial flow fan, and a control system, wherein the wet curtain box is composed of a box body, a wet curtain, and a circulating water supply and drainage system.
  • System and pool composition can be composed of a wet curtain box, a water supply system, an axial flow fan, and a control system, wherein the wet curtain box is composed of a box body, a wet curtain, and a circulating water supply and drainage system.
  • a water tank 6 is disposed between adjacent ceilings in the ceiling 4 of the plurality of sawtooth structures. Therefore, the rainwater flowing from each of the ceilings 4 can flow into the water tank 6 and flow along the longitudinal direction of the greenhouse to the both sides of the greenhouse to be discharged.
  • the rainwater in the water tank 6 can be discharged directly to both ends of the greenhouse, that is, no other drainage facilities can be provided.
  • drain pipes not shown
  • the adjacent ceilings of the plurality of saw-toothed ceilings 4 may be in the form of closed barriers, or may be There is a small part of the open structure.
  • a gas permeable mesh 8 is disposed between adjacent ceilings of the plurality of saw-toothed ceilings 4 to obtain a ventilation and ventilation effect.
  • a fixed micro-injection device 7 is installed on the top frame of the greenhouse, and the micro-sprinkler irrigation water is directly sprayed on the leaf surface of the crop to facilitate the absorption of the leaf surface, thereby preventing the spread of pests and diseases and facilitating crop growth. And can be fertilized with water, improve fertilizer efficiency, and can reduce labor input and save costs.
  • the multifunctional vegetable planting greenhouse of the present invention can achieve balanced production throughout the year.
  • the sunshade net above the ceiling is closed, so that the light can fully enter the greenhouse to increase the illumination, and the roll-up plastic film on the roof and sides is closed to maintain the moisturizing effect.
  • the sunshade net snoring plays a role in sun protection during the hot and rainy season.
  • the upper roll and the plastic film on both sides of the shed are closed.
  • the water curtain system and the fan system in the shed are open, and the whole shed is in a fully enclosed state. Decrease the temperature in the greenhouse, and use the fixed sprinkler irrigation on the roof and the ground drip irrigation to determine the quantitative watering and fertilization.
  • the present invention The roof of the greenhouse and the roll-up plastic film on both sides are rolled up. The whole greenhouse is ventilated and ventilated. Only the inner insect net is closed. It is similar to the net room structure in a natural environment, which can get the moisture of natural rain and dew, and can save energy. Environmental protection.

Abstract

一种多功能蔬菜种植大棚，包括棚体和棚顶，棚顶包括多个锯齿状结构的顶棚（4），顶棚（4）设有可卷式塑料薄膜，形成可开关性天窗，顶棚（4）的上方设有遮阳网（1），棚体的两侧设置上卷式塑料薄膜（3），棚体的两端分别设置水帘系统（2）和风机系统（5）。通过所述蔬菜种植大棚能够实现一年四季均衡生产，稳定菜价，又能节能环保、保证品质。

Description

一种多功能蔬菜种植大棚
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及蔬菜种植技术领域， 尤其涉及一种多功能蔬菜种植大棚。
[0002]
[0003] 背景技术
[0004] 蔬菜种植大多靠天吃饭， 抵御自然灾害能力差， 遇灾害性天气， 生产没有保障 ， 导致蔬菜生产与市场供应严重脱节， 蔬菜价格波动较大， 采用传统方式生产 ， 标准化程度低， 生产成本不断提高， 蔬菜产品质量安全得不到保障。
[0005] 现在城市居民生活水平提高很快， 对蔬菜的卫生安全、 品质、 商品性都有严格 要求。 反季节、 无公害蔬菜和瓜果深受市民欢迎， 价格往往比较高。 而温室大 棚种植能有效利用自然能源， 完全实施避雨栽培技术、 节水灌溉技术、 配方施 肥、 标准化生产技术， 能使产品附加值大幅提高。
[0006] 但是目前能实现全自动控温控湿的高规格温室大棚造价十分昂贵， 对于种植普 通蔬菜十年都难回收成本， 且该种温室大棚常年耗能量高。 因此， 现在急需一 种抵御自然灾害能力强， 造价适中， 节能环保的多功能型蔬菜种植大棚。
[0007]
[0008] 发明内容
[0009] 本发明提供一种多功能蔬菜种植大棚， 该蔬菜种植大棚具有良好的空气流动性 ， 自然降温效果明显， 不仅能够一年四季均衡生产， 又能节能环保、 保证品质
[0010] 本发明通过以下技术方案来实现：
[0011] 一种多功能蔬菜种植大棚， 包括棚体和棚顶， 该棚顶包括多个锯齿状结构的顶 棚， 该顶棚设有可卷式塑料薄膜， 形成可幵关性天窗， 上述顶棚的上方设有遮 阳网， 上述棚体的两侧设置上卷式塑料薄膜， 上述棚体的两端分别设置水帘系 统和风机系统。
[0012] 作为本发明的进一步改进的方案， 上述多个锯齿状结构的顶棚中的相邻顶棚之 间设置水槽。
[0013] 作为本发明的进一步改进的方案， 上述水槽的两端分别连接排水管。
[0014] 作为本发明的进一步改进的方案， 上述多个锯齿状结构的顶棚中的相邻顶棚之 间设置透气网。
[0015] 作为本发明的进一步改进的方案， 上述可卷式塑料薄膜、 遮阳网和上卷式塑料 薄膜均是电动式的。
[0016] 作为本发明的进一步改进的方案， 上述电动式的上卷式塑料薄膜通过电动卷膜 器控制， 上述电动卷膜器带有自锁装置， 能自由停留在任意高度。
[0017] 作为本发明的进一步改进的方案， 上述大棚的顶架上设有固定式微喷装置。
[0018] 作为本发明的进一步改进的方案， 上述棚体的两侧的上卷式塑料薄膜内部设有 防虫网。
[0019] 作为本发明的进一步改进的方案， 上述棚顶通过上述棚体内的支柱支撑。
[0020] 作为本发明的进一步改进的方案， 上述遮阳网设置在上述顶棚的上方 0.5米以上 处。
[0021] 本发明的棚顶包括多个锯齿状结构的顶棚， 顶棚设有可卷式塑料薄膜， 形成可 幵关性天窗， 顶棚的上方设有遮阳网， 棚体的两侧设置上卷式塑料薄膜， 棚体 的两端分别设置水帘系统和风机系统。 通过本发明的蔬菜种植大棚能够实现一 年四季均衡生产， 稳定菜价， 又能节能环保、 保证品质。
[0022] 具体而言， 冬季低温阴雨季节将顶棚上方的遮阳网收起来， 让光照充分进入大 棚内以增加光照， 棚顶和两侧的上卷式塑料薄膜全部关上， 以起到保温保湿的 效果。 夏季高温多雨季节遮阳网打幵起到防晒的作用， 棚顶和两侧的上卷式塑 料薄膜全部关上， 棚内水帘系统和风机系统幵启， 整个大棚处于一个全封闭的 状态， 能有效降低大棚内的温度， 大棚内采用棚顶上固定式喷灌和地面滴灌式 能定吋定量浇水施肥。 春秋两季的自然灾害较少， 温湿度均较适宜蔬菜种植， 这个季节无设施种植的蔬菜因能充分吸收自然露水， 质量反而优于设施大棚种 植的蔬菜， 因此在这两个季节， 本发明的大棚棚顶和两侧的上卷式塑料薄膜卷 起， 整个大棚通风透气， 只有内侧的防虫网封闭， 类似于一个自然环境下的网 室结构， 即可以得到自然雨露的滋润， 又可以节能环保。 [0023]
[0024] 附图说明
[0025] 图 1为本发明一个实施方案的多功能蔬菜种植大棚的立体结构示意图；
[0026] 图 2为本发明一个实施方案的多功能蔬菜种植大棚沿棚体纵向的正视图。
[0027] 附图标记说明：
[0028] 1-遮阳网；
[0029] 2-水帘系统；
[0030] 3-上卷式塑料薄膜；
[0031] 4-锯齿状结构的顶棚；
[0032] 5-风机系统；
[0033] 6-水槽；
[0034] 7-微喷装置；
[0035] 8-透气网；
[0036] 9-支柱。
[0037]
[0038] 具体实施方式
[0039] 下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
[0040] 如图 1和图 2所示的多功能蔬菜种植大棚， 包括棚体和棚顶， 棚顶包括多个锯齿 状结构的顶棚 4， 顶棚 4设有可卷式塑料薄膜， 形成可幵关性天窗， 顶棚 4的上方 设有遮阳网 1， 棚体的两侧设置上卷式塑料薄膜 3， 棚体的两端分别设置水帘系 统 2和风机系统 5。
[0041] 在图 2中， 棚顶通过棚体内的支柱 9支撑。 需要说明的是， 棚顶包括多个锯齿状 结构的顶棚 4， 其中锯齿状是指棚顶作为整体其横截面呈锯齿状。 图 1所示的多 功能蔬菜种植大棚整体是以立方体的形式存在， 所谓"棚体的两侧"是指棚体纵向 走向的两侧， 即并排的多个锯齿状结构的顶棚 4中最边上的两个顶棚的侧边； 所 谓"棚体的两端"即棚体纵向走向的两端， 即并排的多个锯齿状结构的顶棚 4的纵 向走向的两端。
[0042] 棚体两侧设置的上卷式塑料薄膜 3， 可以是覆盖整个侧面的， 也可以是覆盖部 分侧面， 优选的是覆盖整个侧面， 以满足充分地防雨水和保温效果。 上卷式塑 料薄膜 3优选是电动式的上卷式塑料薄膜， 安装在大棚的两侧， 通过电动卷膜器 控制， 电动卷膜器带有自锁装置， 能自由停留在任意高度， 这样可以根据具体 的通风需求调整上卷式塑料薄膜 3的覆盖范围， 实现对棚内温度和湿度的调节。
[0043] 顶棚 4上方设置的遮阳网 1最好也是电动式遮阳网， 可以采用黑纱遮阳网。 电动 式遮阳网幵闭非常方便， 并且可以根据对光照的具体需求调整遮阳网的遮盖范 围， 实现棚内光照强度的调节。 遮阳网 1的高度比较合适的是设置在顶棚 4的上 方 0.5米以上处， 大约在 0.5米左右范围 （例如 0.4米、 0.5米、 0.6米或 0.7米等） 内 ， 能取得较佳的遮阳效果。
[0044] 顶棚 4设置的可卷式塑料薄膜最好也是电动式可卷式塑料薄膜， 通过电动卷膜 器控制， 这样可以根据具体的通风需求以及棚内温度和湿度的需求来调整电动 式可卷式塑料薄膜的覆盖范围， 实现对棚内温度和湿度的调节。
[0045] 本发明的大棚顶棚采用锯齿状结构， 棚内空气流动性好， 自然降温效果明显， 可以快速去除温室内的高湿问题， 解决了普通圆拱形温室顶部卷膜窗部分容易 积水的问题。 棚顶安装有电动可卷式塑料薄膜， 整个设计成为可幵关性天窗。
[0046] 水帘系统 2和风机系统分别设置在棚体的两端， 一般来说， 棚体的纵向走向是 东西方向的， 在这种情况下， 在大棚的棚体西面安装水帘系统 2， 东面安装风机 系统建立湿帘风机降温系统。 当然， 在大棚的棚体东面安装水帘系统 2， 西面安 装风机系统建立湿帘风机降温系统， 也是可以的。 在本发明的一个优选的实施 例中， 湿帘风机降温系统可以由湿帘箱、 供水系统、 轴流风机、 控制系统四部 分组成， 其中湿帘箱由箱体、 湿帘、 供排循环水系统及水池组成。
[0047] 为进一步改善排水效果， 如图 2所示， 在本发明的一个优选的实施例中， 多个 锯齿状结构的顶棚 4中的相邻顶棚之间设置水槽 6。 因此， 从每个顶棚 4上流下来 的雨水可以流入水槽 6而沿着大棚的纵向流淌到大棚两端被排出。 水槽 6中的雨 水可以直接排到大棚两端， 即可以不设置其它排水设施。 然而为了保护大棚两 端的地面免受雨水冲刷， 最好在水槽 6的两端分别连接排水管 （图中未示出） ， 这样， 水槽 6中的雨水经过排水管排到地面或者地下。
[0048] 多个锯齿状结构的顶棚 4的相邻顶棚之间可以是封闭隔幵的形式， 也可以是至 少有一部分敞幵的结构形式。 在本发明的一个优选的实施例中， 如图 2所示， 多 个锯齿状结构的顶棚 4中的相邻顶棚之间设置透气网 8， 取得通风透气效果。
[0049] 在本发明的一个优选的实施例中， 大棚顶架上装有固定式微喷装置 7， 微喷灌 水直接喷洒在作物叶面， 便于叶面吸收， 既防止病虫害流行， 又有利于作物生 长， 且能做到随水施肥， 提高肥效， 更能够减少劳动力的投入， 节约成本。
[0050] 在一些环境下， 可能有比较严重的病虫害发生， 因此在棚体的两侧的上卷式塑 料薄膜内部最好设置防虫网 （图中未示出） 。
[0051] 采用本发明的多功能蔬菜种植大棚， 能够实现一年四季均衡生产。 冬季低温阴 雨季节将顶棚上方的遮阳网收起来， 让光照充分进入大棚内以增加光照， 棚顶 和两侧的上卷式塑料薄膜全部关上， 以起到保温保湿的效果。 夏季高温多雨季 节遮阳网打幵起到防晒的作用， 棚顶和两侧的上卷式塑料薄膜全部关上， 棚内 水帘系统和风机系统幵启， 整个大棚处于一个全封闭的状态， 能有效降低大棚 内的温度， 大棚内采用棚顶上固定式喷灌和地面滴灌式能定吋定量浇水施肥。 春秋两季的自然灾害较少， 温湿度均较适宜蔬菜种植， 这个季节无设施种植的 蔬菜因能充分吸收自然露水， 质量反而优于设施大棚种植的蔬菜， 因此在这两 个季节， 本发明的大棚棚顶和两侧的上卷式塑料薄膜卷起， 整个大棚通风透气 ， 只有内侧的防虫网封闭， 类似于一个自然环境下的网室结构， 即可以得到自 然雨露的滋润， 又可以节能环保。
[0052] 以上内容是结合具体的实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明， 不能认定本 发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。 对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员 来说， 在不脱离本发明构思的前提下， 还可以做出若干简单推演或替换， 都应 当视为属于本发明的保护范围。
技术问题
问题的解决方案
发明的有益效果

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种多功能蔬菜种植大棚， 包括棚体和棚顶， 其特征在于， 所述棚顶 包括多个锯齿状结构的顶棚， 所述顶棚设有可卷式塑料薄膜， 形成可 幵关性天窗， 所述顶棚的上方设有遮阳网， 所述棚体的两侧设置上卷 式塑料薄膜， 所述棚体的两端分别设置水帘系统和风机系统。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的多功能蔬菜种植大棚， 其特征在于， 所述多个 锯齿状结构的顶棚中的相邻顶棚之间设置水槽。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 2所述的多功能蔬菜种植大棚， 其特征在于， 所述水槽 的两端分别连接排水管。
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 1所述的多功能蔬菜种植大棚， 其特征在于， 所述多个 锯齿状结构的顶棚中的相邻顶棚之间设置透气网。
[权利要求 5] 根据权利要求 1所述的多功能蔬菜种植大棚， 其特征在于， 所述可卷 式塑料薄膜、 遮阳网和上卷式塑料薄膜均是电动式的。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 5所述的多功能蔬菜种植大棚， 其特征在于 所述电动 式的上卷式塑料薄膜通过电动卷膜器控制 所述电动卷膜器带有自锁 装置， 能自由停留在任意高度。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 1所述的多功能蔬菜种植大 其特征在于， 所述大棚 的顶架上设有固定式微喷装置。
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 1所述的多功能蔬菜种植大 其特征在于， 所述棚体 的两侧的上卷式塑料薄膜内部设有防虫网
[权利要求 9] 根据权利要求 1所述的多功能蔬菜种植大 其特征在于， 所述棚顶 通过所述棚体内的支柱支撑。
[权利要求 10] 根据权利要求 1所述的多功能蔬菜种植大 其特征在于， 所述遮阳 网设置在所述顶棚的上方 0.5米以上处。
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