WO2017107944A1 - 沼气发酵高固含量物料进料装置及方法 - Google Patents

沼气发酵高固含量物料进料装置及方法 Download PDF

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WO2017107944A1
WO2017107944A1 PCT/CN2016/111429 CN2016111429W WO2017107944A1 WO 2017107944 A1 WO2017107944 A1 WO 2017107944A1 CN 2016111429 W CN2016111429 W CN 2016111429W WO 2017107944 A1 WO2017107944 A1 WO 2017107944A1
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spiral
solid content
discharge port
high solid
conveying
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French (fr)
Inventor
高立洪
李萍
韦秀丽
王玉海
李平
徐进
蒋滔
唐宁
刘弘博
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Chongqing Kairui Agricultural Development Co Ltd
Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Chongqing Kairui Agricultural Development Co Ltd
Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Priority claimed from CN201521096346.2U external-priority patent/CN205258461U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201510988682.6A external-priority patent/CN105400686B/zh
Application filed by Chongqing Kairui Agricultural Development Co Ltd, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences filed Critical Chongqing Kairui Agricultural Development Co Ltd
Publication of WO2017107944A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017107944A1/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G33/00—Screw or rotary spiral conveyors
    • B65G33/08—Screw or rotary spiral conveyors for fluent solid materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M1/00—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
    • C12M1/107—Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology with means for collecting fermentation gases, e.g. methane

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  • the invention relates to a material feeding device, in particular to a feeding device and a feeding method for a high solid content material for biogas fermentation.
  • the present invention provides a biogas fermentation high solid content material feeding device.
  • the invention also relates to a method of feeding a high solids material feed device using the biogas.
  • a biogas fermentation high solid content material feeding device comprising: a conveying spiral, a supercharging spiral and a discharging spiral coaxially connected from front to back in sequence;
  • the supercharged spiral has a conical structure, and the large diameter end thereof is connected to the spiral shaft of the discharge spiral.
  • the small diameter end is connected to a helical shaft of the conveying screw, the diameter of the helical blade of the pressurized spiral is smaller than the diameter of the spiral blade of the conveying screw and the discharging spiral, and the cutting blade is set on the spiral shaft between the pressurized spiral and the discharging spiral ;
  • the front end of the conveying spiral screw shaft is extended outside the spiral cylinder and connected to the reducer through a coupling.
  • the front spiral barrel of the conveying screw is provided with a feeding hopper, and the spiral of the conveying spiral behind the feeding hopper
  • a water filtering hole is arranged on the cylinder body, and an outer cylinder is further disposed on the outer surface of the spiral spiral conveying cylinder behind the feeding hopper, and a residual liquid discharge port is arranged on the outer cylinder, and a discharge port is arranged at a tail end of the discharging spiral.
  • the water filtering hole is a strip hole.
  • the strip holes are not easily blocked, which facilitates water filtration.
  • the ball valve is installed on the residual liquid discharge port.
  • Another object of the invention is achieved in this way:
  • a biogas fermentation high solid content material feeding method characterized in that: the biogas fermentation high solid content material feeding device described in any one of claims 1-3 is horizontally installed beside the fermentation tank, the discharge port and The lower feed inlet of the fermentation tank is connected, and the high solid content material enters the conveying spiral from the feeding hopper, and is conveyed and squeezed by the conveying spiral, and solid and liquid separation is realized at the rear part of the conveying spiral, and the liquid is discharged from the residual liquid discharge port, and the solid is discharged.
  • the density of the solid is further squeezed to increase, the large density of solid material forms a seal on the liquid, to prevent the liquid in the fermentation chamber from being discharged from the discharge port, at the end of the pressurized spiral,
  • the solid is cut by the cutter and then enters the discharge spiral, and finally enters the fermentation tank through the discharge port to realize the feed of the high solid content material.
  • the inventors of the present invention have found through analysis that the solid material is in the process of bolt transportation, because the friction between the material and the spiral surface and the cylinder causes the density of the material to gradually increase (the material is squeezed tightly), and the moisture also varies with the density. The increase is gradually squeezed out.
  • the inventors have devised the device of the invention: the material enters the conveying screw from the feeding hopper and is then conveyed to the rear of the conveying screw, in the process,
  • the density of the material gradually increases, the moisture in the material is extruded, and the solid-liquid separation is achieved at the rear of the conveying screw (solid-liquid separation section), and the liquid portion is discharged from the filtering water hole to the outer cylinder, and then discharged from the residual liquid discharge port.
  • the material passes through the solid-liquid separation section and enters the pressurized spiral, the density of the material is further squeezed. Since the diameter of the spiral blade of the pressurized spiral is small, the solid material forms a high-density material in the pressurized sealing section.
  • the solid material After being pressed by the pressurized spiral, the solid material generally has a block shape. At this time, it is pulverized by a cutting knife, and then enters a discharge spiral, and enters the fermentation tank from the discharge port.
  • the device can be horizontally arranged, and then the discharge port can be arranged in the lower part of the fermentation tank, the construction cost is low, the floor space is small, and the pipe is not blocked.
  • the present invention solves the problems that the current biogas fermentation high solid content material is easily blocked by pumping, the spiral upper lifting feed structure is complicated, and the cost is high.
  • the utility model has the advantages of small occupied area, simple structure, flexible installation and low maintenance cost, and has broad promotion prospects.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Fig. 1;
  • the upper, lower, left, right, front, and rear orientation words of the present invention represent only the relative positions in the drawings, and do not indicate the absolute position of the product.
  • Embodiment 1 as shown in FIG. 1-4:
  • the biogas fermentation high solid content material feeding device of the invention comprises a conveying screw 1, a supercharging spiral 2, a discharging spiral 3, a cutting knife 4, a speed reducer 5, a coupling 6.
  • the hopper 7, the water drain hole 8, the outer cylinder 9, the residual liquid discharge port 10, the discharge port 11, the ball valve 12 and the like are composed.
  • the conveying screw 1, the supercharging screw 2 and the discharging screw 3 are coaxially connected in order from front to back.
  • the pitch of the conveying screw 1 and the discharging screw 3 is the same as the diameter of the spiral blade.
  • the supercharged spiral 2 has a conical structure, the large diameter end of which is connected with the spiral shaft of the discharge spiral 3, and the small diameter end is connected with the spiral shaft of the conveying screw 1, and the diameter of the spiral blade of the pressurized spiral 2 is smaller than that of the conveying spiral 1 and the discharging
  • the diameter of the spiral blade of the helix 3, the cutting blade 4 is fitted over the screw shaft between the supercharging screw 2 and the discharge screw 3.
  • the front end of the screw shaft of the conveying screw 1 extends out of the outer surface of the spiral cylinder and is connected to the speed reducer 5 through the coupling 6.
  • the speed reducer 5 is connected to the motor to drive the conveying screw 1, the supercharging screw 2, the discharging screw 3 and the cutting blade 4 to rotate.
  • a feed hopper 7 is disposed on the front spiral cylinder of the conveying screw 1, and a water filtering hole 8 is disposed on the spiral cylinder of the conveying screw 1 behind the feeding hopper 7, and the water filtering hole 8 is a strip hole, thereby reducing clogging .
  • the outer circumference of the spiral cylinder of the conveying screw 1 behind the feeding hopper 7 is also provided with an outer cylinder 9, and there is a gap between the outer cylinder 9 and the spiral cylinder of the conveying screw 1, and a residual liquid discharge port 10 is disposed on the outer cylinder 9, and the residual liquid is discharged.
  • a ball valve 12 is mounted on the port 10.
  • the discharge end 11 is provided at the trailing end of the discharge screw 3.
  • a biogas fermentation high solid content material feeding device is installed horizontally beside the fermentation tank 13, and the discharge port 11 is connected to the lower feed port of the fermentation tank 13, and the high solid content material enters the conveying spiral 1 from the feeding hopper 7, and passes through the conveying spiral
  • the conveying and extrusion of 1 realizes solid-liquid separation at the rear of the conveying screw 1, the liquid is discharged from the residual liquid discharge port 10, and the solid continues to enter the pressurized spiral 2, and the density of the solid is further squeezed in the pressurized spiral 2
  • the large-density solid material forms a seal on the liquid to prevent the liquid in the fermentation chamber from being discharged from the discharge port 11.
  • the solid is cut by the cutter 4 and then enters the discharge spiral 3, and finally exits.
  • the feed port 11 enters the fermentation tank 13 to achieve high solid content Feed of the material.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种沼气发酵高固含量物料的进料装置，包括从前到后依次同轴连接的输送螺旋、增压螺旋和出料螺旋，在增压螺旋和出料螺旋之间的螺旋轴上套装切割刀；输送螺旋的螺旋轴前端伸出螺旋筒外与减速机通过联轴器相连，输送螺旋的前部螺旋筒体上设有进料斗，进料斗后方的输送螺旋的螺旋筒体上设有滤水孔且该部分筒体外套装有外筒，外筒上设有残液排放口；出料螺旋的尾端设置出料口。

Description

沼气发酵高固含量物料进料装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种物料进料装置，特别涉及一种针对沼气发酵的高固含量物料的进料装置及进料的方法。
背景技术
目前大中型沼气工程基本上都是采用潜污泵或螺杆泵通过管道进料，采用泵进料一般适用于TS(固含量)＜5％的原料。如果原料中TS＞10％或纤维较多较长时通过潜污泵或螺杆泵进料很困难，主要是泵和管道容易堵塞，维修难度大，往往因此造成沼气工程停产，重新恢复生产需要耗费大量人力和时间。在国外发酵原料TS＞20％以上时通常采用螺旋提升从发酵罐上部进料，此方法存在进料系统庞大，结构复杂，建造和维护成本高的问题。针对目前沼气发酵原料TS含量较高时泵进料容易堵塞，螺旋提升上部进料结构复杂，占地面积大、成本高的问题，开发一种新的进料装置是沼气发酵行业急需要解决的问题。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供一种沼气发酵高固含量物料进料装置。本发明还涉及用该沼气发酵高固含量物料进料装置的进料方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案如下：一种沼气发酵高固含量物料进料装置，其特征在于：包括从前到后依次同轴相连的输送螺旋、增压螺旋和出料螺旋，所述增压螺旋为锥形结构，其大直径端与出料螺旋的螺旋轴相连， 小直径端与输送螺旋的螺旋轴相连，所述增压螺旋的螺旋叶片直径小于输送螺旋和出料螺旋的螺旋叶片的直径，切割刀套装在增压螺旋和出料螺旋之间的螺旋轴上；
所述输送螺旋螺旋轴的前端伸出螺旋筒体外与减速机通过联轴器相连，所述输送螺旋的前部螺旋筒体上设有进料斗，所述进料斗后方的输送螺旋的螺旋筒体上设置滤水孔，所述进料斗后方的输送螺旋的螺旋筒体外还套装有外筒，在外筒上设置残液排放口，所述出料螺旋的尾端设置出料口。
在上述方案中：所述滤水孔为条形孔。条形孔不易堵塞，便于滤水。
在上述方案中：所述残液排放口上安装球阀。
本发明的另一目的是这样实现的：
一种沼气发酵高固含量物料进料方法，其特征在于：在发酵箱的旁边水平安装权利要求1-3任一项所描述的沼气发酵高固含量物料进料装置，所述出料口与发酵箱的下部进料口相连，高固含量物料从进料斗进入输送螺旋，经过输送螺旋的输送和挤压，在输送螺旋的后部实现固液分离，液体从残液排放口排出、固体继续进入增压螺旋，在增压螺旋内，固体的密度被进一步挤压增大，大密度的固体物料对液体形成密封，避免发酵厢体内液体从出料口排出，在增压螺旋的尾部，固体被切割刀切割后进入出料螺旋，最后经出料口进入发酵箱内，实现高固含量物料的进料。
本发明发明人通过分析发现：固体物料在螺栓输送过程中，因为物料与螺旋面和筒体的摩擦力作用，使得物料的密度逐渐增大(物料被挤严实)，其水分也会随着密度的增大而被逐渐挤出。发明人针对这一特点，设计了本发明的装置：物料从进料斗进入输送螺旋，然后被输送到输送螺旋的后部，在此过程中， 物料的密度逐渐增大，物料中的水分被挤出，在输送螺旋的后部(固液分离段)实现固液分离，液体部分从滤水孔排出到外筒，再从残液排放口排出。当物料通过固液分离段后进入增压螺旋内，物料的密度被进一步挤压增大，由于增压螺旋的螺旋叶片直径较小，因此固体物料在增压密封段会形成高密度物料“密封环”(几乎成块状)，并且随着增压密封段螺旋压缩比增大(与增压螺旋锥度成线性关系)，“密封环”的密度越大，密封性越好，从而实现阻断液体从出料口流出的作用，起到密封液体的作用，使得液体只能从残液排放口排出。固体物料在经过增压螺旋的挤压后，一般会呈块状，此时，再经过切割刀的粉碎，然后进入出料螺旋，从出料口进入发酵箱内。该装置可以水平设置，然后出料口可以设置在发酵箱的下部，建设成本低，占地面积小，不堵塞。
有益效果：本发明的解决了目前沼气发酵高固含量物料用泵输送易堵塞、螺旋提升上部进料结构复杂，成本高的问题。占地面积小，结构简单，安装灵活，维护成本低，具有广阔的推广前景。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
图2为图1的A-A剖视图。
图3为图1的B-B剖视图。
图4为图1的C-C剖视图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明：
本发明的上、下、左、右、前和后等方位词仅代表图中的相对位置，不表示产品的绝对位置。
实施例1，如图1-4所示：本发明的沼气发酵高固含量物料进料装置由输送螺旋1、增压螺旋2、出料螺旋3、切割刀4、减速机5、联轴器6、进料斗7、滤水孔8、外筒9、残液排放口10、出料口11、球阀12等部件组成。
输送螺旋1、增压螺旋2和出料螺旋3从前到后依次同轴相连。输送螺旋1和出料螺旋3的螺距和螺旋叶片的直径相同。增压螺旋2为锥形结构，其大直径端与出料螺旋3的螺旋轴相连，小直径端与输送螺旋1的螺旋轴相连，增压螺旋2的螺旋叶片直径小于输送螺旋1和出料螺旋3的螺旋叶片的直径，切割刀4套装在增压螺旋2和出料螺旋3之间的螺旋轴上。
输送螺旋1螺旋轴的前端伸出螺旋筒体外与减速机5通过联轴器6相连，减速机5与电机相连，带动输送螺旋1、增压螺旋2、出料螺旋3和切割刀4旋转。
输送螺旋1的前部螺旋筒体上设有进料斗7，进料斗7后方的输送螺旋1的螺旋筒体上设置滤水孔8，滤水孔8为条形孔，这样可以减少堵塞。进料斗7后方的输送螺旋1的螺旋筒体外还套装有外筒9，外筒9和输送螺旋1的螺旋筒体之间有间隙，在外筒9上设置残液排放口10，残液排放口10上安装球阀12。出料螺旋3的尾端设置出料口11。在发酵箱13的旁边水平安装沼气发酵高固含量物料进料装置，出料口11与发酵箱13的下部进料口相连，高固含量物料从进料斗7进入输送螺旋1，经过输送螺旋1的输送和挤压，在输送螺旋1的后部实现固液分离，液体从残液排放口10排出、固体继续进入增压螺旋2，在增压螺旋2内，固体的密度被进一步挤压增大，大密度的固体物料对液体形成密封，避免发酵厢体内的液体从出料口11排出，在增压螺旋2的尾部，固体被切割刀4切割后进入出料螺旋3，最后经出料口11进入发酵箱13内，实现高固含量物 料的进料。
本发明不局限于上述具体实施例，应当理解，本领域的普通技术人员无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思做出诸多修改和变化。总之，凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种沼气发酵高固含量物料进料装置，其特征在于：包括从前到后依次同轴相连的输送螺旋(1)、增压螺旋(2)和出料螺旋(3)，所述增压螺旋(2)为锥形结构，其大直径端与出料螺旋(3)的螺旋轴相连，小直径端与输送螺旋(1)的螺旋轴相连，所述增压螺旋(2)的螺旋叶片直径小于输送螺旋(1)和出料螺旋(3)的螺旋叶片的直径，切割刀(4)套装在增压螺旋(2)和出料螺旋(3)之间的螺旋轴上；
    所述输送螺旋(1)螺旋轴的前端伸出螺旋筒体外与减速机(5)通过联轴器(6)相连，所述输送螺旋(1)的前部螺旋筒体上设有进料斗(7)，所述进料斗(7)后方的输送螺旋的螺旋筒体上设置滤水孔(8)，所述进料斗(7)后方的输送螺旋的螺旋筒体外还套装有外筒(9)，在外筒(9)上设置残液排放口(10)，所述出料螺旋(3)的尾端设置出料口(11)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述沼气发酵高固含量物料进料装置，其特征在于：所述滤水孔(8)为条形孔。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述沼气发酵高固含量物料进料装置，其特征在于：所述残液排放口(10)上安装球阀(12)。
  4. 一种沼气发酵高固含量物料进料方法，其特征在于：在发酵箱(13)的旁边水平安装权利要求1-3任一项所描述的沼气发酵高固含量物料进料装置，所述出料口(11)与发酵箱(13)的下部进料口相连，高固含量物料从进料斗(7)进入输送螺旋(1)，经过输送螺旋(1)的输送和挤压，在输送螺旋(1)的后部实现固液分离，液体从残液排放口(10)排出、固体继续进入增压螺旋 (2)，在增压螺旋(2)内，固体的密度被进一步挤压增大，大密度的固体物料对液体形成密封，避免发酵厢内液体从出料口(11)排出，在增压螺旋(2)的尾部，固体被切割刀(4)切割后进入出料螺旋(3)，最后经出料口(11)进入发酵箱(13)内，实现高固含量物料的进料。
PCT/CN2016/111429 2015-12-24 2016-12-22 沼气发酵高固含量物料进料装置及方法 Ceased WO2017107944A1 (zh)

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CN109130285A (zh) * 2018-10-22 2019-01-04 广州市联冠机械有限公司 一种挤干碎料机
CN109368154A (zh) * 2018-12-03 2019-02-22 郑州金诚信筛网设备有限公司 一种螺旋喂料器
CN110283692A (zh) * 2019-06-15 2019-09-27 德沃（苏州）环境科技有限公司 一种沼气反应器
CN111204477A (zh) * 2020-03-09 2020-05-29 哈尔滨博实自动化股份有限公司 纳米级粉料密实装袋装置
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CN112374059A (zh) * 2020-11-30 2021-02-19 北京鑫泽清源植物秸杆技术有限公司 节能环保型双螺旋机组
CN113599897A (zh) * 2021-07-21 2021-11-05 大连海洋大学 一种海水养殖尾水固液分离装置
CN116280942A (zh) * 2023-04-03 2023-06-23 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 一种螺旋给料设备
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CN108285476A (zh) * 2018-04-17 2018-07-17 河南工业大学 一种旋流挤压分离机
CN108421490A (zh) * 2018-04-25 2018-08-21 浙江创璞节能材料有限公司 一种外墙装饰仿石板原材料的混料机
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CN111204477B (zh) * 2020-03-09 2024-04-30 哈尔滨博实自动化股份有限公司 纳米级粉料密实装袋装置
CN111849711A (zh) * 2020-08-28 2020-10-30 青岛中科华通能源工程有限公司 一种干湿联合自动化定量进料系统及其使用方法
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CN113599897A (zh) * 2021-07-21 2021-11-05 大连海洋大学 一种海水养殖尾水固液分离装置
CN116280942A (zh) * 2023-04-03 2023-06-23 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 一种螺旋给料设备
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