WO2017107046A1 - 一种对等通信方法及移动设备 - Google Patents

一种对等通信方法及移动设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017107046A1
WO2017107046A1 PCT/CN2015/098218 CN2015098218W WO2017107046A1 WO 2017107046 A1 WO2017107046 A1 WO 2017107046A1 CN 2015098218 W CN2015098218 W CN 2015098218W WO 2017107046 A1 WO2017107046 A1 WO 2017107046A1
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Prior art keywords
client
soft
peer
role
data transmission
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PCT/CN2015/098218
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王玉峰
周启才
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2015/098218 priority Critical patent/WO2017107046A1/zh
Publication of WO2017107046A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017107046A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a peer-to-peer communication method and a mobile device.
  • Wi-Fi Direct allows mobile devices in a wireless network to connect to each other without using a wireless router.
  • the split or time division multiplexing assumes the role of the wireless soft access point (English: Soft Access Point, Soft AP) and the client device (English: Client).
  • the Soft AP is also called the peer communication group manager (English: P2P) Group Owner, referred to as P2P GO), implements direct connection to Wi-Fi devices.
  • P2P peer communication group manager
  • P2P GO peer communication group manager
  • the device may act as a Soft AP, and its energy is a fundamental issue to consider.
  • the connection establishment phase of the peer-to-peer communication network the energy consumption of the Soft AP and the Client is different. In the continuous connection phase and the data transmission phase, this problem is more serious, resulting in the energy of the Soft AP and the Client. Unfair consumption.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a peer-to-peer communication method and a mobile device to effectively solve an unfair problem of energy consumption of a wireless soft access point and a client device in a peer-to-peer communication network.
  • a peer to peer communication method comprising:
  • the mobile device By switching the role of the wireless soft access point and one or more client devices at the optimal switching time, the mobile device takes turns as a wireless soft access point, thereby effectively implementing the wireless soft access point and the client.
  • the fairness of energy consumption of equipment By switching the role of the wireless soft access point and one or more client devices at the optimal switching time, the mobile device takes turns as a wireless soft access point, thereby effectively implementing the wireless soft access point and the client.
  • the fairness of energy consumption of equipment is achieved by switching the role of the wireless soft access point and one or more client devices at the optimal switching time.
  • the determining the optimal switching time for performing role switching includes:
  • the optimal switching time t switch is determined as:
  • ⁇ is the Pareto parameter, 0 ⁇ 1, and t elapsed is the time that has been connected;
  • t min is the minimum switching time
  • P H is the power of the Soft AP
  • P C is the power of the Client
  • E H is the energy consumed to switch to the Soft AP
  • E C is the energy consumed to switch to the Client.
  • the optimal switching time can be accurately obtained.
  • the method further includes:
  • the method further includes:
  • the determined one of the clients, as the switched Soft AP, continues data transmission with the at least one client according to the data transmission state.
  • the method further includes:
  • Each of the data transmission intervals after the first CTWindow in each Beacon frame enters a sleep state
  • At least one second CTWindow after each of the data transmission intervals in each Beacon frame, at least one second data packet is sent to the at least one client.
  • the data transmission phase only the peer communication attribute area is included in the first data packet transmitted, and the time interval for transmitting the data to the receiving device is notified, which can reduce the load of the packet header to reduce the energy consumption of the device, and the transmitting device and The receiving device can transmit data every other time interval according to the time interval of transmitting data, and then enter a sleep state, reduce energy consumption, and reduce transmission delay.
  • a mobile device having the functionality to implement the behavior of the mobile device in the above method.
  • the functions may be implemented by hardware or by corresponding software implemented by hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the functions described above.
  • the mobile device includes:
  • a determining unit configured to determine, in the at least one client, a role switch with the Soft AP according to remaining energy of the wireless soft access point Soft AP in the peer-to-peer communication network and remaining energy of the at least one client device Client a Client;
  • the determining unit is further configured to determine an optimal switching time for performing role switching
  • a sending unit configured to send a role switching message to the determined one of the clients in the determined optimal switching time, where the role switching message includes a data transmission status between the Soft AP and the at least one client ;
  • the receiving unit is configured to receive the role switch confirmation message sent by the determined one of the clients.
  • the mobile device includes: a processor, a transmitter, and a receiver;
  • the processor is configured to determine a role switch with the Soft AP in the at least one client according to the remaining energy of the wireless soft access point Soft AP in the peer-to-peer communication network and the remaining energy of the at least one client device Client One of the Clients;
  • the processor is further configured to determine an optimal switching time for performing role switching
  • the transmitter is configured to send a role switching message to the determined one of the clients in the determined optimal switching time, where the role switching message includes the Soft AP and the at least one Data transfer status between clients;
  • the receiver is configured to receive the role switch confirmation message sent by the determined one of the clients.
  • the mobile device By switching the role of the wireless soft access point and one or more client devices at the optimal switching time, the mobile device takes turns as a wireless soft access point, thereby effectively implementing the wireless soft access point and the client.
  • the fairness of energy consumption of equipment By switching the role of the wireless soft access point and one or more client devices at the optimal switching time, the mobile device takes turns as a wireless soft access point, thereby effectively implementing the wireless soft access point and the client.
  • the fairness of energy consumption of equipment is achieved by switching the role of the wireless soft access point and one or more client devices at the optimal switching time.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a peer-to-peer communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of role switching in a peer-to-peer communication network according to an example of an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of another peer-to-peer communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission frame format in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another mobile device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of still another mobile device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a peer-to-peer communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the method includes the following steps:
  • S101 Determine, according to the remaining energy of the wireless soft access point Soft AP in the peer-to-peer communication network and the remaining energy of the at least one client device Client, one of the clients that perform role switching with the Soft AP in the at least one client.
  • the roles of the Soft AP and the client in the group are unchanged, and the energy consumption of the Soft AP is much higher than the energy consumption of the client, which brings the energy consumption of the mobile devices of different roles. Unfair issues.
  • the main functions of the Soft AP are user management, IP address allocation, message forwarding, and energy management. It should be noted that any mobile device in the peer-to-peer communication network can be used as a Soft AP.
  • the peer-to-peer communication method includes Wi-Fi Direct and the like.
  • the Soft AP manages the energy of itself and the client, so that the remaining energy of the user and the client can be obtained, and the number of the clients can be one or more. Determining, in the one or more clients, one of the clients that can perform role switching with the Soft AP according to the remaining energy of the Soft AP and the remaining energy of the one or more clients, and if there is only one Client in the peer-to-peer communication network, and Soft If the AP is in the role of the client, the client can be switched to the Soft AP according to the preset rule or the client with the most remaining energy.
  • the role of the Soft AP can be periodically changed between devices to achieve fairness and minimum power consumption.
  • the frequency of role switching should be kept to a minimum, avoiding the disconnection of the connection and the power consumption of the connection again, and improving the stability of the network. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the optimal switching time for the role switching, and the role switching is generally performed.
  • the connection is maintained during the maintenance phase.
  • the Soft AP After the optimal switching time is determined, the Soft AP sends a role switching message to the client at the optimal switching time.
  • the role switching message includes the data transmission status between the Soft AP and one or more clients.
  • the Soft AP saves the data transmission status and sends it to the client that takes over the Soft AP role. After the role is switched, the data transmission is continued, and the integrity of the transmitted data can be guaranteed.
  • the Soft AP and the client performing the handover do not change their IP addresses, because if the IP address is reassigned, the delay will be caused, and if the IP address is not changed, the IP address allocation is avoided. Delay.
  • the client that takes over the Soft AP role sends a role switch confirmation message to the Soft AP to indicate that the switch is successfully completed.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of role switching in a peer-to-peer communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mobile device UE1 functions as a Soft AP before the handover, and the UE2 serves as a client. After the UE1 sends a role handover message to the UE2, the UE1 receives the UE2 to send. The role switch confirmation message. At this time, UE2 acts as the Soft AP after the handover, and UE1 acts as the client, and the data is continuously transmitted between the Soft AP and the Client.
  • a peer-to-peer communication method is configured to switch a role of a wireless soft access point and one or more client devices at an optimal switching time, so that the mobile device takes turns as a wireless soft access point. Therefore, the fairness of energy consumption of the wireless soft access point and the client device can be effectively realized.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of another peer-to-peer communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the method includes the following steps:
  • S203 Determine a role of the Soft AP and the at least one client.
  • This embodiment takes Wi-Fi Direct as a peer-to-peer communication.
  • the mobile device first searches for other devices that want to connect to the Wi-Fi Direct, and completes the networking according to one of the three networking modes (standard networking, spontaneous networking, continuous networking) provided by Wi-Fi Direct. . After the networking is complete, the role assignment of the mobile device is performed, and the roles of Soft AP and Client are obtained respectively.
  • the main function of the Soft AP is to perform user management and IP address allocation, message forwarding, and energy management through the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).
  • DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
  • the peer-to-peer communication network A mobile device can be used as a Soft AP.
  • the first data packet includes a peer to peer communication attribute area, and the peer to peer communication attribute area includes a data transmission interval.
  • S206 Send at least one second data packet to the at least one client during at least one second CTWindow after each of the data transmission intervals in each Beacon frame.
  • Wi-Fi Direct proposes two energy-saving protocols for APs: opportunity energy saving and absentee notification energy saving.
  • the Soft AP adds a client transmission window (English: Client Traffic Window; CTWindow) to each beacon frame to set the sleep interval of the device.
  • a client transmission window (English: Client Traffic Window; CTWindow)
  • the Soft AP statically configures the sleep interval in the Beacon frame. Once the Beacon is received, the Client can determine the sleep interval of the Soft AP and configure its own sleep interval accordingly.
  • the Soft AP When the opportunity is used to save energy, if the data packet can be transmitted after the CTWindow, the Soft AP will enter the sleep state, which will result in a high delay. If the data packet arrives within the CTWindow time, the Energy Management (English: Power Management; PM) value is set to 0 to keep the Soft AP active, which will waste energy. For large data transfers, there is a clear indication of the value of the PM. However, there is no obvious indication of periodic data to set the value of PM. It should be noted that the WiFi-Direct uses a data bit PM to identify the current state of the device. A PM of 0 indicates that the device is in an active state, and a PM of 1 indicates that the device is in a dormant state.
  • PM Power Management
  • the frame format cannot be determined according to the characteristics of the transmitted data, such as periodic data transmission, which may result in excessive transmission delay and increased energy consumption.
  • the mobile device After the networking and role assignment are completed, the mobile device transmits data.
  • FIG. 4 it is a schematic diagram of a data transmission frame format in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3.
  • two Beacons are one frame, and data is periodically transmitted in FIG. 4, and the Soft AP is sent in the first CTWindow.
  • the receiving device recognizes the P2P attribute, it will configure its own sleep period (Doze) according to the time t to reduce the energy consumption.
  • Doze is a CTWindow, and the device transmits data in the CTWindow.
  • the Soft AP stays awake during the CTWindow time of the client transfer window and transmits data every t time. Then enters a sleep state, thereby performing energy efficient data transmission. It should be noted that the Doze time of the Soft AP and the Client may be different because the state of the dormancy is not necessarily the same.
  • S207 Determine, according to the remaining energy of the wireless soft access point Soft AP in the peer-to-peer communication network and the remaining energy of the at least one client device Client, one of the clients that perform role switching with the Soft AP in the at least one client.
  • the Soft AP consumes twice as much power as the Client. It is unfair to Soft AP devices.
  • the Soft AP role is periodically changed between devices to achieve fairness and minimum power consumption. the goal of.
  • the frequency of the character's conversion should be kept to a minimum, avoiding the disconnection of the connection and the amount of power consumed by the connection, and improving the stability of the network.
  • connection time distribution of the Mobile Social Networks in Proximity (MSNP) network in the vicinity is subject to the P-type distribution of the type I, and its distribution function is shown in formula (1):
  • t elapsed is the time that has been connected
  • P H is the power of the Soft AP
  • P C is the power of the Client
  • E H is the energy consumed to switch to the Soft AP
  • E C is the energy consumed to switch to the Client.
  • the role switching message includes data transmission between the Soft AP and the at least one client. Loss status.
  • S207-S210 is the same as S101-S104 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, and details are not described herein again.
  • the determined one of the clients, as the switched Soft AP, continues data transmission with the at least one client according to the data transmission state.
  • the client that takes over the Soft AP role continues to transmit data with one or more clients according to the received data transmission status, which ensures the integrity of the transmitted data.
  • the one or more clients include the original Soft AP.
  • a peer-to-peer communication method is configured to switch a role of a wireless soft access point and one or more client devices at an optimal switching time, so that the mobile device takes turns as a wireless soft access point. Therefore, the fairness of energy consumption of the wireless soft access point and the client device can be effectively realized; in the data transmission phase, the peer communication property area is included only in the first data packet transmitted, and the receiving device is informed to transmit data.
  • the time interval can reduce the load of the packet header to reduce the energy consumption of the device, and the transmitting device and the receiving device can transmit data every other time interval according to the time interval of transmitting data, and then enter a sleep state to reduce energy consumption. And reduce the transmission delay.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the mobile device 1000 includes:
  • a determining unit 11 configured to determine, in the at least one client, the remaining energy of the wireless soft access point Soft AP in the peer-to-peer communication network and the remaining energy of the at least one client device Client One of the Clients that the Soft AP performs role switching.
  • the roles of the Soft AP and the client in the group are unchanged, and the energy consumption of the Soft AP is much higher than the energy consumption of the client, which brings the energy consumption of the mobile devices of different roles. Unfair issues.
  • the main functions of the Soft AP are user management, IP address allocation, message forwarding, and energy management. It should be noted that any mobile device in the peer-to-peer communication network can be used as a Soft AP.
  • the peer-to-peer communication method includes Wi-Fi Direct and the like.
  • the Soft AP manages the energy of itself and the client, so that the remaining energy of the user and the client can be obtained, and the number of the clients can be one or more. Determining, in the one or more clients, one of the clients that can perform role switching with the Soft AP according to the remaining energy of the Soft AP and the remaining energy of the one or more clients, and if there is only one Client in the peer-to-peer communication network, and Soft If the AP is in the role of the client, the client can be switched to the Soft AP according to the preset rule or the client with the most remaining energy.
  • the determining unit 11 is further configured to determine an optimal switching time for performing role switching.
  • the role of the Soft AP can be periodically changed between devices to achieve fairness and minimum power consumption.
  • the frequency of role switching should be kept to a minimum, avoiding the disconnection of the connection and the power consumption of the connection again, and improving the stability of the network. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the optimal switching time for the role switching, and the role switching is generally performed.
  • the connection is maintained during the maintenance phase.
  • the sending unit 12 is configured to send a role switching message to the determined one of the clients at the determined optimal switching time.
  • the Soft AP After the optimal switching time is determined, the Soft AP sends a role switching message to the client at the optimal switching time.
  • the role switching message includes the data transmission status between the Soft AP and one or more clients.
  • the Soft AP saves the data transmission status and sends it to the client that takes over the Soft AP role. After the role is switched, the data transmission is continued, and the integrity of the transmitted data can be guaranteed.
  • the Soft AP and the client performing the handover do not change their IP addresses, because if the IP address is reassigned, the delay will be caused, and if the IP address is not changed, the IP address allocation is avoided. Delay.
  • the receiving unit 13 is configured to receive the role switch confirmation message sent by the determined one of the clients.
  • the client that takes over the Soft AP role sends a role switch confirmation message to the Soft AP to indicate that the switch is successfully completed.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of role switching in a peer-to-peer communication network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mobile device UE1 functions as a Soft AP before the handover, and the UE2 serves as a client. After the UE1 sends a role handover message to the UE2, the UE1 receives the UE2 to send. The role switch confirmation message. At this time, UE2 acts as the Soft AP after the handover, and UE1 acts as the client, and the data is continuously transmitted between the Soft AP and the Client.
  • a mobile device switches a role of a wireless soft access point and one or more client devices at an optimal switching time, so that the mobile device takes turns as a wireless soft access point, thereby The fairness of energy consumption of the wireless soft access point and the client device can be effectively realized.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another mobile device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the mobile device 2000 includes:
  • the searching unit 21 is configured to search for at least one client requesting peer-to-peer communication.
  • the networking unit 22 is configured to perform networking with the at least one client.
  • the determining unit 23 is configured to determine a role of the Soft AP and the at least one client.
  • This embodiment takes Wi-Fi Direct as a peer-to-peer communication.
  • the mobile device first searches for other devices that want to connect to the Wi-Fi Direct, and completes the networking according to one of the three networking modes (standard networking, spontaneous networking, continuous networking) provided by Wi-Fi Direct. . After the networking is complete, the role assignment of the mobile device is performed, and the roles of Soft AP and Client are obtained respectively.
  • the main function of the Soft AP is to perform user management and IP address allocation, message forwarding, and energy management through the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP).
  • DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
  • the peer-to-peer communication network A mobile device can be used as a Soft AP.
  • the sending unit 24 is configured to send the first data packet to the at least one client during the first client transmission window CTWindow of each beacon Beacon frame.
  • the first data packet includes a peer to peer communication attribute area, and the peer to peer communication attribute area includes a data transmission interval.
  • the sleeping unit 25 is configured to enter a sleep state in each of the data transmission intervals after the first CTWindow in each Beacon frame.
  • the sending unit 24 is further configured to send at least one second data packet to the at least one during at least one second CTWindow after each of the data transmission intervals in each Beacon frame. Client.
  • Wi-Fi Direct proposes two energy-saving protocols for APs: opportunity energy saving and absentee notification energy saving.
  • the Soft AP adds a client transmission window (English: Client Traffic Window; CTWindow) to each beacon frame to set the sleep interval of the device.
  • a client transmission window (English: Client Traffic Window; CTWindow)
  • the Soft AP statically configures the sleep interval in the Beacon frame. Once the Beacon is received, the Client can determine the sleep interval of the Soft AP and configure its own sleep interval accordingly.
  • the Soft AP When the opportunity is used to save energy, if the data packet can be transmitted after the CTWindow, the Soft AP will enter the sleep state, which will result in a high delay. If the data packet arrives within the CTWindow time, the Energy Management (English: Power Management; PM) value is set to 0 to keep the Soft AP active, which will waste energy. For large data transfers, there is a clear indication of the value of the PM. However, there is no obvious indication of periodic data to set the value of PM. It should be noted that the WiFi-Direct uses a data bit PM to identify the current state of the device. A PM of 0 indicates that the device is in an active state, and a PM of 1 indicates that the device is in a dormant state.
  • PM Power Management
  • the frame format cannot be determined according to the characteristics of the transmitted data, such as periodic data transmission, which may result in excessive transmission delay and increased energy consumption.
  • the mobile device After the networking and role assignment are completed, the mobile device transmits data.
  • FIG. 4 it is a schematic diagram of a data transmission frame format in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3.
  • two Beacons are one frame, and data is periodically transmitted in FIG. 4, and the Soft AP is sent in the first CTWindow.
  • the receiving device recognizes the P2P attribute, it will configure its own sleep period (Doze) according to the time t to reduce the energy consumption.
  • Doze is a CTWindow, and the device transmits data in the CTWindow.
  • the Soft AP stays awake during the client transmission window CTWindow time, and transmits data every t time, and then enters a sleep state, thereby performing energy efficient data transmission. It should be noted that Soft AP The Doze time with the Client can be different, because the state of its sleep is not necessarily the same.
  • the determining unit 23 is further configured to determine, in the at least one client, a role with the Soft AP according to remaining energy of the wireless soft access point Soft AP in the peer-to-peer communication network and remaining energy of the at least one client device Client Switch one of the Clients.
  • the determining unit 23 is further configured to determine an optimal switching time for performing a role switching.
  • the Soft AP consumes twice as much power as the Client. It is unfair to Soft AP devices.
  • the Soft AP role is periodically changed between devices to achieve fairness and minimum power consumption. the goal of.
  • the frequency of the character's conversion should be kept to a minimum, avoiding the disconnection of the connection and the amount of power consumed by the connection, and improving the stability of the network.
  • connection time distribution of the Mobile Social Networks in Proximity (MSNP) network in the vicinity is subject to the P-type distribution of the type I, and its distribution function is shown in formula (1):
  • t elapsed is the time that has been connected
  • P H is the power of the Soft AP
  • P C is the power of the Client
  • E H is the energy consumed to switch to the Soft AP
  • E C is the energy consumed to switch to the Client.
  • the sending unit 24 is further configured to send a role switching message to the determined one of the clients at the determined optimal switching time.
  • the role switch message includes a data transmission status between the Soft AP and the at least one client.
  • the receiving unit 26 is configured to receive the role switch confirmation message sent by the determined one of the clients.
  • the transmitting unit 27 is configured to continue data transmission with the at least one client according to the data transmission state.
  • the client that takes over the Soft AP role continues to transmit data with one or more clients according to the received data transmission status, which ensures the integrity of the transmitted data.
  • the one or more clients include the original Soft AP.
  • a mobile device switches a role of a wireless soft access point and one or more client devices at an optimal switching time, so that the mobile device takes turns as a wireless soft access point, thereby
  • the fairness of the energy consumption of the wireless soft access point and the client device can be effectively realized; in the data transmission phase, only the first data packet transmitted includes the peer communication attribute area, and the receiving device is informed of the time interval for transmitting the data.
  • the load of the packet header can be reduced to reduce the energy consumption of the device, and the transmitting device and the receiving device can transmit data every other time interval according to the time interval of transmitting data, and then enter a sleep state, thereby reducing energy consumption and reducing Transmission delay.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of still another mobile device according to an embodiment of the present invention, for implementing the function of the peer-to-peer communication.
  • the mobile device 3000 includes a processor 31, a transmitter 32, and a receiver 33.
  • the processor 31, the transmitter 32 and the receiver 33 are connected to each other by a bus 34.
  • the processor 31 is configured to determine, in the at least one client, a role with the Soft AP according to remaining energy of the wireless soft access point Soft AP in the peer-to-peer communication network and remaining energy of the at least one client device Client Switch one of the Clients;
  • the processor 31 is further configured to determine an optimal switching time for performing role switching
  • the transmitter 32 is configured to send a role switching message to the determined one of the clients in the determined optimal switching time, where the role switching message includes between the Soft AP and the at least one client. Data transmission status;
  • the receiver 33 is configured to receive the role switch confirmation message sent by the determined one of the clients.
  • the processor 31 is specifically configured to:
  • the optimal switching time t switch is determined as:
  • ⁇ is the Pareto parameter, 0 ⁇ 1, and t elapsed is the time that has been connected;
  • t min is the minimum switching time
  • P H is the power of the Soft AP
  • P C is the power of the Client
  • E H is the energy consumed to switch to the Soft AP
  • E C is the energy consumed to switch to the Client.
  • the processor 31 is further configured to:
  • the sender 32 is further configured to: send data to the at least one client according to the data transmission state;
  • the receiver 33 is further configured to receive data sent by the at least one client according to the data transmission state.
  • the transmitter 32 is further configured to send a first data packet to the at least one client during a first client transmission window CTWindow of each beacon Beacon frame, where the A data packet includes a peer to peer communication attribute area, and the peer to peer communication attribute area includes a data transmission interval;
  • the processor 31 is further configured to enter a sleep state in each of the data transmission intervals after the first CTWindow in each Beacon frame;
  • the transmitter 32 is further configured to send at least one second data packet to the at least one client during each of the at least one second CTWindow after the data transmission interval in each Beacon frame.
  • a mobile device switches a role of a wireless soft access point and one or more client devices at an optimal switching time, so that the mobile device takes turns as a wireless soft access point, thereby
  • the fairness of the energy consumption of the wireless soft access point and the client device can be effectively realized; in the data transmission phase, only the first data packet transmitted includes the peer communication attribute area, and the receiving device is informed of the time interval for transmitting the data.
  • the load of the packet header can be reduced to reduce the energy consumption of the device, and the transmitting device and the receiving device can transmit data every other time interval according to the time interval of transmitting data, and then enter a sleep state, thereby reducing energy consumption and reducing Transmission delay.
  • Computer readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another.
  • a storage medium may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer.
  • the computer readable medium may include a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), and an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (Electrically Erasable Programmable).
  • EEPROM Electrically Error Read-Only Memory
  • CD-ROM Compact Disc Read-Only Memory
  • Any connection may suitably be a computer readable medium.
  • the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, Then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL or wireless technologies such as infrared, wireless and microwave are included in the fixing of the associated medium.
  • DSL Digital Subscriber Line
  • a disk and a disc include a compact disc (CD), a laser disc, a compact disc, a digital versatile disc (DVD), a floppy disk, and a Blu-ray disc, wherein the disc is usually magnetically copied, and the disc is The laser is used to optically replicate the data.
  • CD compact disc
  • DVD digital versatile disc
  • a floppy disk a compact disc
  • Blu-ray disc wherein the disc is usually magnetically copied, and the disc is The laser is used to optically replicate the data.
  • the above combination should also be included in the computer Read the protection of the medium.

Abstract

一种对等通信方法及移动设备。其中的方法包括：根据对等通信网络中无线软接入点Soft AP的剩余能量和多个客户端设备Client的剩余能量，在多个Client中确定与Soft AP进行角色切换的其中一个Client；确定进行角色切换的最佳切换时间；在确定的最佳切换时间，发送角色切换消息给确定的其中一个Client，该角色切换消息包括数据传输状态；接收确定的其中一个Client发送的角色切换确认消息。还公开了相应的移动设备。通过在最佳切换时间，对无线软接入点与一个或多个客户端设备的角色进行切换，使移动设备轮流作为无线软接入点，从而可有效地实现无线软接入点和客户端设备的能量消耗的公平性。

Description

一种对等通信方法及移动设备 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种对等通信方法及移动设备。
背景技术
对等通信(英文：Peer-to-Peer Communication，简称：P2P)例如无线保真直连(英文：Wi-Fi Direct)允许无线网络中的移动设备无需通过无线路由器即可相互连接，移动设备通过频分或时分复用承担无线软接入点(英文:Soft Access Point，简称：Soft AP)和客户端设备(英文：Client)角色，其中，Soft AP又称对等通信小组管理者(英文：P2P Group Owner，简称：P2P GO)，实现Wi-Fi设备的直连。使用Wi-Fi直连，设备可能会作为Soft AP，其能量充足是需要考虑的基本问题。然而，在对等通信网络的建立连接阶段，对于Soft AP和Client的能量消耗是不相同的，在连接持续阶段以及数据传输阶段，这一问题会更加严重，从而导致了Soft AP和Client的能量消耗的不公平。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种对等通信方法及移动设备，以有效解决对等通信网络中无线软接入点和客户端设备的能量消耗的不公平问题。
第一方面，提供了一种对等通信方法，包括：
根据对等通信网络中无线软接入点Soft AP的剩余能量和至少一个客户端设备Client的剩余能量，在所述至少一个Client中确定与所述Soft AP进行角色切换的其中一个Client；
确定进行角色切换的最佳切换时间；
在确定的所述最佳切换时间，发送角色切换消息给所述确定的其中一个Client，所述角色切换消息包括所述Soft AP与所述至少一个Client之间的数据传输状态；
接收所述确定的其中一个Client发送的角色切换确认消息。
通过在最佳切换时间，对无线软接入点与一个或多个客户端设备的角色进行切换，使移动设备轮流作为无线软接入点，从而可有效地实现无线软接入点和客户端设备的能量消耗的公平性。
在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述确定进行角色切换的最佳切换时间，包括：
根据对等网络的连接时间分布服从Ⅰ型柏拉图Pareto分布，确定最佳切换时间tswitch为：
Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-000001
其中，
Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-000002
α为Pareto参数，0∠α∠1，telapsed是已经连接的时间；
tmin为最小切换时间，
Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-000003
PH为Soft AP的功率，PC为Client的功率，EH是切换到Soft AP需要消耗的能量，EC为切换到Client需要消耗的能量。
根据以上公式计算可以准确地获得最佳切换时间。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
搜索请求进行对等通信的至少一个Client；
与所述至少一个Client进行组网；
确定所述Soft AP和所述至少一个Client的角色。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
所述确定的其中一个Client作为切换后的Soft AP根据所述数据传输状态，继续与所述至少一个Client之间的数据传输。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
在每一个信标Beacon帧的第一客户传送窗口CTWindow期间发送第一数据包给所述至少一个Client，其中，所述第一数据包包括对等通信属性区域，所述对等通信属性区域包括数据传输间隔；
在每一个Beacon帧中所述第一CTWindow之后的每个所述数据传输间隔，进入休眠状态；
在每一个Beacon帧中每个所述数据传输间隔之后的至少一个第二CTWindow期间，发送至少一个第二数据包给所述至少一个Client。
在数据传输阶段，仅在传输的第一个数据包中包含对等通信属性区域，告知接收设备传输数据的时间间隔，可以减少数据包包头的负载，以减少设备能量的消耗，且发送设备和接收设备可以根据传输数据的时间间隔，每隔该时间间隔传输数据，然后进入休眠状态，减少能量的消耗，且减少传输时延。
第二方面，提供了一种移动设备，该移动设备具有实现上述方法中移动设备行为的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
一种可能的实现方式中，所述移动设备包括：
确定单元，用于根据对等通信网络中无线软接入点Soft AP的剩余能量和至少一个客户端设备Client的剩余能量，在所述至少一个Client中确定与所述Soft AP进行角色切换的其中一个Client；
所述确定单元还用于确定进行角色切换的最佳切换时间；
发送单元，用于在确定的所述最佳切换时间，发送角色切换消息给所述确定的其中一个Client，所述角色切换消息包括所述Soft AP与所述至少一个Client之间的数据传输状态；
接收单元，用于接收所述确定的其中一个Client发送的角色切换确认消息。
另一种可能的实现方式中，所述移动设备包括：处理器、发送器和接收器；
所述处理器，用于根据对等通信网络中无线软接入点Soft AP的剩余能量和至少一个客户端设备Client的剩余能量，在所述至少一个Client中确定与所述Soft AP进行角色切换的其中一个Client；
所述处理器还用于确定进行角色切换的最佳切换时间；
所述发送器，用于在确定的所述最佳切换时间，发送角色切换消息给所述确定的其中一个Client，所述角色切换消息包括所述Soft AP与所述至少一个 Client之间的数据传输状态；
所述接收器，用于接收所述确定的其中一个Client发送的角色切换确认消息。
实施本发明实施例提供的一种对等通信方法及移动设备，具有如下有益效果：
通过在最佳切换时间，对无线软接入点与一个或多个客户端设备的角色进行切换，使移动设备轮流作为无线软接入点，从而可有效地实现无线软接入点和客户端设备的能量消耗的公平性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种对等通信方法的流程示意图；
图2本发明实施例示例的对等通信网络中角色切换的示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的另一种对等通信方法的流程示意图；
图4为图3所示实施例中的数据传输帧格式示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的一种移动设备的结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的另一种移动设备的结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例提供的又一种移动设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种对等通信方法的流程示意图，该方法包括以下步骤：
S101，根据对等通信网络中无线软接入点Soft AP的剩余能量和至少一个客户端设备Client的剩余能量，在所述至少一个Client中确定与所述Soft AP进行角色切换的其中一个Client。
一般地，在对等通信网络完成组网之后，组内Soft AP和Client的角色是不变的，而Soft AP的能量消耗要远高于Client的能量消耗，会带来不同角色移动设备能量消耗不公平的问题。在对等通信网络中，Soft AP的主要职能是进行用户管理、IP地址分配、消息转发和能量管理，需要说明的是，对等通信网络中的任一移动设备均可作为Soft AP。该对等通信方式包括Wi-Fi Direct等。
本实施例中，由于Soft AP对自身及Client的能量进行管理，因此可以获取自身和Client的剩余能量，Client的数量可以是一个或多个。根据Soft AP的剩余能量与一个或多个Client的剩余能量，在该一个或多个Client中确定可与Soft AP进行角色切换的其中一个Client，如果对等通信网络中只有一个Client，则与Soft AP进行角色切换的即是该Client；如果对等通信网络中存在多个Client，则可根据预设规则或选择剩余能量最多的Client与Soft AP进行角色切换。
S102，确定进行角色切换的最佳切换时间。
在设备之间可周期性的改变Soft AP的角色，以达到公平和总耗电量最小的目的。进行角色切换的频率应该保持在最小，避免连接的断开以及再一次的连接所耗费的电量，以及提高网络的稳定性，因此，需要确定进行角色切换的最佳切换时间，进行角色切换一般在连接维持阶段进行。
S103，在确定的所述最佳切换时间，发送角色切换消息给所述确定的其中一个Client。
确定了最佳切换时间后，在该最佳切换时间，Soft AP发送角色切换消息给Client，该角色切换消息包括Soft AP与一个或多个Client之间的数据传输状态。Soft AP保存数据传输状态，并发送给接替该Soft AP角色的Client，可使得角色切换完成之后，继续进行数据的传输，可以保证传输数据的完整性。
进一步地，在进行角色切换时，Soft AP和进行切换的Client不改变各自的IP地址，因为如果进行IP地址的重新分配则会造成时延，不改变各自的IP地址则避免了IP地址分配时的时延。
S104，接收所述确定的其中一个Client发送的角色切换确认消息。
接替该Soft AP角色的Client给Soft AP发送角色切换确认消息，以表示切换成功完成。
如图2所示的本发明实施例示例的对等通信网络中角色切换的示意图，移动设备UE1在切换前作为Soft AP，UE2作为Client，在UE1向UE2发送角色切换消息后，UE1接收UE2发送的角色切换确认消息，此时，UE2作为切换后的Soft AP，而UE1则作为Client，Soft AP与Client之间继续传输数据。
根据本发明实施例提供的一种对等通信方法，通过在最佳切换时间，对无线软接入点与一个或多个客户端设备的角色进行切换，使移动设备轮流作为无线软接入点，从而可有效地实现无线软接入点和客户端设备的能量消耗的公平性。
图3为本发明实施例提供的另一种对等通信方法的流程示意图，该方法包括以下步骤：
S201，搜索请求进行对等通信的至少一个Client。
S202，与所述至少一个Client进行组网。
S203，确定Soft AP和所述至少一个Client的角色。
本实施例以对等通信为Wi-Fi Direct为例。移动设备首先通过搜索来发现其他想要进行Wi-Fi Direct连接的设备，并且根据Wi-Fi Direct提供的三种组网方式(标准组网、自发组网、持续组网)之一完成组网。在完成组网后进行移动设备的角色分配，分别获得Soft AP和Client角色。Soft AP的主要职能是进行用户管理、通过动态主机配置协议(英文：Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol，简称：DHCP)进行IP地址分配、消息转发和能量管理，需要说明的是，对等通信网络中的任一移动设备均可作为Soft AP。
S204，在每一个信标Beacon帧的第一客户传送窗口CTWindow期间发送第一数据包给所述至少一个Client。
其中，所述第一数据包包括对等通信属性区域，所述对等通信属性区域包括数据传输间隔。
S205，在每一个Beacon帧中所述第一CTWindow之后的每个所述数据传输间隔，进入休眠状态。
S206，在每一个Beacon帧中每个所述数据传输间隔之后的至少一个第二CTWindow期间，发送至少一个第二数据包给所述至少一个Client。
现有技术中，Wi-Fi Direct提出两个针对AP的节能协议：机会节能和缺席通知节能。
Soft AP在每一个信标(英文：Beacon)帧中加入一个客户传送窗口时间(英文：Client Traffic Window；简称：CTWindow)来设置设备的休眠间隔。
在缺席通知模式下，Soft AP静态的配置Beacon帧中的休眠间隔。一旦收到Beacon，Client就可以判断Soft AP的休眠间隔并且相应的配置自己的休眠间隔。
当采用机会节能时，如果数据包在CTWindow之后才能传输，Soft AP将进入休眠状态，这将会导致很高的时延。如果数据包在CTWindow时间内到达，能量管理(英文：Power Management；简称：PM)值设为0以使得Soft AP保持在激活状态，这将会浪费能量。对于大块的数据传输，会有一个明确的指示来设置PM的值。但是，周期性的数据没有明显的指示来设置PM的值。需要说明的是，WiFi-Direct中用一个数据位PM来标识设备的当前状态，PM为0表示该设备处于激活状态，PM为1则表示设备处于休眠状态。
因此，在数据传输阶段，不能根据传输数据的特点，例如周期性的数据传输，制定帧格式，会导致传输时延过高和增加能量消耗。
在完成组网和角色分配之后，移动设备进行数据的传输。如图4所示，为图3所示实施例中的数据传输帧格式示意图，在图4中，两个Beacon为一帧，图4中周期性地传输数据，Soft AP在第一个CTWindow发送第一数据包给Client时，利用P2P属性区域将数据传输间隔时间打包在第一个数据包中，因此移动设备可以告知接收设备传输数据的时间间隔，该P2P属性区域包括“PM＝0，P2P ID＝100，int＝t ms”等内容，其中int为时间间隔(interval)，PM和P2P ID是可选的。只有在传输的第一个数据包中包含P2P属性区域的信息，在该Beacon帧中后面传输的数据包中不再包含P2P属性区域的信息，这样可以减少数据包包头的负载，以减少能量的消耗。一旦接收设备识别出P2P属性，它将会根据时间t配置自己的休眠周期(Doze)来减少能量的消耗，每个Doze之间是CTWindow，设备在CTWindow中传输数据。如图4所示，Soft AP在客户传送窗口CTWindow时间内保持唤醒状态，并且每隔t时间来传输数据， 然后进入休眠状态，从而进行了能量有效的数据传输。需要说明的是，Soft AP和Client的Doze时间可以是不一样的，因为其休眠的状态不一定是一样的。
S207，根据对等通信网络中无线软接入点Soft AP的剩余能量和至少一个客户端设备Client的剩余能量，在所述至少一个Client中确定与所述Soft AP进行角色切换的其中一个Client。
S208，确定进行角色切换的最佳切换时间。
Soft AP的耗电量是Client的两倍之多，对于Soft AP设备是不公平的，为了解决上述问题，在设备之间周期性的改变Soft AP的角色，以达到公平和总耗电量最小的目的。角色的转换频率应该保持在最小，避免连接的断开以及再一次的连接所耗费的电量，以及提高网络的稳定性。
邻近区域内移动社交网络(英文：Mobile Social Networks in Proximity，简称：MSNP)网络的连接时间分布服从Ⅰ型柏拉图(Pareto)分布，其分布函数如公式(1)所示:
Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-000004
其中，α是Pareto参数(0＜α＜1)，xm＞0是连接的最小持续时间。由此可得出最佳切换时间tswitch如公式(2)所示：
Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-000005
其中，
Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-000006
telapsed是已经连接的时间；
其中，tmin为最小切换时间
Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-000007
其中，PH为Soft AP的功率，PC为Client的功率，EH是切换到Soft AP需要消耗的能量，EC为切换到Client需要消耗的能量。
S209，在确定的所述最佳切换时间，发送角色切换消息给所述确定的其中一个Client。
所述角色切换消息包括所述Soft AP与所述至少一个Client之间的数据传 输状态。
S210，接收所述确定的其中一个Client发送的角色切换确认消息。
S207-S210与图1所示实施例的S101-S104相同，在此不再赘述。
S211，所述确定的其中一个Client作为切换后的Soft AP根据所述数据传输状态，继续与所述至少一个Client之间的数据传输。
接替Soft AP角色的Client根据接收到的数据传输状态，继续与一个或多个Client之间进行数据传输，可以保证传输数据的完整性，其中，该一个或多个Client包括原Soft AP。
根据本发明实施例提供的一种对等通信方法，通过在最佳切换时间，对无线软接入点与一个或多个客户端设备的角色进行切换，使移动设备轮流作为无线软接入点，从而可有效地实现无线软接入点和客户端设备的能量消耗的公平性；在数据传输阶段，仅在传输的第一个数据包中包含对等通信属性区域，告知接收设备传输数据的时间间隔，可以减少数据包包头的负载，以减少设备能量的消耗，且发送设备和接收设备可以根据传输数据的时间间隔，每隔该时间间隔传输数据，然后进入休眠状态，减少能量的消耗，且减少传输时延。
需要说明的是，对于前述的各方法实施例，为了简单描述，故将其都表述为一系列的动作组合，但是本领域技术人员应该知悉，本发明并不受所描述的动作顺序的限制，因为根据本发明，某些步骤可以采用其他顺序或者同时进行。其次，本领域技术人员也应该知悉，说明书中所描述的实施例均属于优选实施例，所涉及的动作和模块并不一定是本发明所必须的。
在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详述的部分，可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。
本发明实施例方法中的步骤可以根据实际需要进行顺序调整、合并和删减。
图5为本发明实施例提供的一种移动设备的结构示意图，该移动设备1000包括：
确定单元11，用于根据对等通信网络中无线软接入点Soft AP的剩余能量和至少一个客户端设备Client的剩余能量，在所述至少一个Client中确定与所 述Soft AP进行角色切换的其中一个Client。
一般地，在对等通信网络完成组网之后，组内Soft AP和Client的角色是不变的，而Soft AP的能量消耗要远高于Client的能量消耗，会带来不同角色移动设备能量消耗不公平的问题。在对等通信网络中，Soft AP的主要职能是进行用户管理、IP地址分配、消息转发和能量管理，需要说明的是，对等通信网络中的任一移动设备均可作为Soft AP。该对等通信方式包括Wi-Fi Direct等。
本实施例中，由于Soft AP对自身及Client的能量进行管理，因此可以获取自身和Client的剩余能量，Client的数量可以是一个或多个。根据Soft AP的剩余能量与一个或多个Client的剩余能量，在该一个或多个Client中确定可与Soft AP进行角色切换的其中一个Client，如果对等通信网络中只有一个Client，则与Soft AP进行角色切换的即是该Client；如果对等通信网络中存在多个Client，则可根据预设规则或选择剩余能量最多的Client与Soft AP进行角色切换。
所述确定单元11还用于确定进行角色切换的最佳切换时间。
在设备之间可周期性的改变Soft AP的角色，以达到公平和总耗电量最小的目的。进行角色切换的频率应该保持在最小，避免连接的断开以及再一次的连接所耗费的电量，以及提高网络的稳定性，因此，需要确定进行角色切换的最佳切换时间，进行角色切换一般在连接维持阶段进行。
发送单元12，用于在确定的所述最佳切换时间，发送角色切换消息给所述确定的其中一个Client。
确定了最佳切换时间后，在该最佳切换时间，Soft AP发送角色切换消息给Client，该角色切换消息包括Soft AP与一个或多个Client之间的数据传输状态。Soft AP保存数据传输状态，并发送给接替该Soft AP角色的Client，可使得角色切换完成之后，继续进行数据的传输，可以保证传输数据的完整性。
进一步地，在进行角色切换时，Soft AP和进行切换的Client不改变各自的IP地址，因为如果进行IP地址的重新分配则会造成时延，不改变各自的IP地址则避免了IP地址分配时的时延。
接收单元13，用于接收所述确定的其中一个Client发送的角色切换确认消息。
接替该Soft AP角色的Client给Soft AP发送角色切换确认消息，以表示切换成功完成。
如图2所示的本发明实施例示例的对等通信网络中角色切换的示意图，移动设备UE1在切换前作为Soft AP，UE2作为Client，在UE1向UE2发送角色切换消息后，UE1接收UE2发送的角色切换确认消息，此时，UE2作为切换后的Soft AP，而UE1则作为Client，Soft AP与Client之间继续传输数据。
根据本发明实施例提供的一种移动设备，通过在最佳切换时间，对无线软接入点与一个或多个客户端设备的角色进行切换，使移动设备轮流作为无线软接入点，从而可有效地实现无线软接入点和客户端设备的能量消耗的公平性。
图6为本发明实施例提供的另一种移动设备的结构示意图，该移动设备2000包括：
搜索单元21，用于搜索请求进行对等通信的至少一个Client。
组网单元22，用于与所述至少一个Client进行组网。
确定单元23，用于确定Soft AP和所述至少一个Client的角色。
本实施例以对等通信为Wi-Fi Direct为例。移动设备首先通过搜索来发现其他想要进行Wi-Fi Direct连接的设备，并且根据Wi-Fi Direct提供的三种组网方式(标准组网、自发组网、持续组网)之一完成组网。在完成组网后进行移动设备的角色分配，分别获得Soft AP和Client角色。Soft AP的主要职能是进行用户管理、通过动态主机配置协议(英文：Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol，简称：DHCP)进行IP地址分配、消息转发和能量管理，需要说明的是，对等通信网络中的任一移动设备均可作为Soft AP。
发送单元24，用于在每一个信标Beacon帧的第一客户传送窗口CTWindow期间发送第一数据包给所述至少一个Client。
其中，所述第一数据包包括对等通信属性区域，所述对等通信属性区域包括数据传输间隔。
休眠单元25，用于在每一个Beacon帧中所述第一CTWindow之后的每个所述数据传输间隔，进入休眠状态。
所述发送单元24还用于在每一个Beacon帧中每个所述数据传输间隔之后的至少一个第二CTWindow期间，发送至少一个第二数据包给所述至少一个 Client。
现有技术中，Wi-Fi Direct提出两个针对AP的节能协议：机会节能和缺席通知节能。
Soft AP在每一个信标(英文：Beacon)帧中加入一个客户传送窗口时间(英文：Client Traffic Window；简称：CTWindow)来设置设备的休眠间隔。
在缺席通知模式下，Soft AP静态的配置Beacon帧中的休眠间隔。一旦收到Beacon，Client就可以判断Soft AP的休眠间隔并且相应的配置自己的休眠间隔。
当采用机会节能时，如果数据包在CTWindow之后才能传输，Soft AP将进入休眠状态，这将会导致很高的时延。如果数据包在CTWindow时间内到达，能量管理(英文：Power Management；简称：PM)值设为0以使得Soft AP保持在激活状态，这将会浪费能量。对于大块的数据传输，会有一个明确的指示来设置PM的值。但是，周期性的数据没有明显的指示来设置PM的值。需要说明的是，WiFi-Direct中用一个数据位PM来标识设备的当前状态，PM为0表示该设备处于激活状态，PM为1则表示设备处于休眠状态。
因此，在数据传输阶段，不能根据传输数据的特点，例如周期性的数据传输，制定帧格式，会导致传输时延过高和增加能量消耗。
在完成组网和角色分配之后，移动设备进行数据的传输。如图4所示，为图3所示实施例中的数据传输帧格式示意图，在图4中，两个Beacon为一帧，图4中周期性地传输数据，Soft AP在第一个CTWindow发送第一数据包给Client时，利用P2P属性区域将数据传输间隔时间打包在第一个数据包中，因此移动设备可以告知接收设备传输数据的时间间隔，该P2P属性区域包括“PM＝0，P2P ID＝100，int＝t ms”等内容，其中int为时间间隔(interval)，PM和P2P ID是可选的。只有在传输的第一个数据包中包含P2P属性区域的信息，在该Beacon帧中后面传输的数据包中不再包含P2P属性区域的信息，这样可以减少数据包包头的负载，以减少能量的消耗。一旦接收设备识别出P2P属性，它将会根据时间t配置自己的休眠周期(Doze)来减少能量的消耗，每个Doze之间是CTWindow，设备在CTWindow中传输数据。如图4所示，Soft AP在客户传送窗口CTWindow时间内保持唤醒状态，并且每隔t时间来传输数据，然后进入休眠状态，从而进行了能量有效的数据传输。需要说明的是，Soft AP 和Client的Doze时间可以是不一样的，因为其休眠的状态不一定是一样的。
所述确定单元23还用于根据对等通信网络中无线软接入点Soft AP的剩余能量和至少一个客户端设备Client的剩余能量，在所述至少一个Client中确定与所述Soft AP进行角色切换的其中一个Client。
所述确定单元23还用于确定进行角色切换的最佳切换时间。
Soft AP的耗电量是Client的两倍之多，对于Soft AP设备是不公平的，为了解决上述问题，在设备之间周期性的改变Soft AP的角色，以达到公平和总耗电量最小的目的。角色的转换频率应该保持在最小，避免连接的断开以及再一次的连接所耗费的电量，以及提高网络的稳定性。
邻近区域内移动社交网络(英文：Mobile Social Networks in Proximity，简称：MSNP)网络的连接时间分布服从Ⅰ型柏拉图(Pareto)分布，其分布函数如公式(1)所示:
Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-000008
其中，α是Pareto参数(0＜α＜1)，xm＞0是连接的最小持续时间。由此可得出最佳切换时间tswitch如公式(2)所示：
Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-000009
其中，
Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-000010
telapsed是已经连接的时间；
其中，tmin为最小切换时间
Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-000011
其中，PH为Soft AP的功率，PC为Client的功率，EH是切换到Soft AP需要消耗的能量，EC为切换到Client需要消耗的能量。
所述发送单元24还用于在确定的所述最佳切换时间，发送角色切换消息给所述确定的其中一个Client。
所述角色切换消息包括所述Soft AP与所述至少一个Client之间的数据传输状态。
接收单元26，用于接收所述确定的其中一个Client发送的角色切换确认消息。
传输单元27，用于根据所述数据传输状态，继续与所述至少一个Client之间的数据传输。
接替Soft AP角色的Client根据接收到的数据传输状态，继续与一个或多个Client之间进行数据传输，可以保证传输数据的完整性，其中，该一个或多个Client包括原Soft AP。
根据本发明实施例提供的一种移动设备，通过在最佳切换时间，对无线软接入点与一个或多个客户端设备的角色进行切换，使移动设备轮流作为无线软接入点，从而可有效地实现无线软接入点和客户端设备的能量消耗的公平性；在数据传输阶段，仅在传输的第一个数据包中包含对等通信属性区域，告知接收设备传输数据的时间间隔，可以减少数据包包头的负载，以减少设备能量的消耗，且发送设备和接收设备可以根据传输数据的时间间隔，每隔该时间间隔传输数据，然后进入休眠状态，减少能量的消耗，且减少传输时延。
图7为本发明实施例提供的又一种移动设备的结构示意图，用于实现上述对等通信的功能，如图7所示，移动设备3000包括处理器31，发送器32和接收器33，其中，所述处理器31，发送器32和接收器33之间通过总线34相互连接。
所述处理器31，用于根据对等通信网络中无线软接入点Soft AP的剩余能量和至少一个客户端设备Client的剩余能量，在所述至少一个Client中确定与所述Soft AP进行角色切换的其中一个Client；
所述处理器31还用于确定进行角色切换的最佳切换时间；
所述发送器32，用于在确定的所述最佳切换时间，发送角色切换消息给所述确定的其中一个Client，所述角色切换消息包括所述Soft AP与所述至少一个Client之间的数据传输状态；
所述接收器33，用于接收所述确定的其中一个Client发送的角色切换确认消息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器31具体用于：
根据对等网络的连接时间分布服从Ⅰ型柏拉图Pareto分布，确定最佳切换时间tswitch为：
Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-000012
其中，
Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-000013
α为Pareto参数，0∠α∠1，telapsed是已经连接的时间；
tmin为最小切换时间，
Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-000014
PH为Soft AP的功率，PC为Client的功率，EH是切换到Soft AP需要消耗的能量，EC为切换到Client需要消耗的能量。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器31还用于：
搜索请求进行对等通信的至少一个Client；
与所述至少一个Client进行组网；
确定所述Soft AP和所述至少一个Client的角色。
在又一种可能的实现方式中，所述发送器32还用于：根据所述数据传输状态，发送数据给所述至少一个Client；
所述接收器33还用于根据所述数据传输状态，接收所述至少一个Client发送的数据。
在又一种可能的实现方式中，所述发送器32还用于在每一个信标Beacon帧的第一客户传送窗口CTWindow期间发送第一数据包给所述至少一个Client，其中，所述第一数据包包括对等通信属性区域，所述对等通信属性区域包括数据传输间隔；
所述处理器31还用于在每一个Beacon帧中所述第一CTWindow之后的每个所述数据传输间隔，进入休眠状态；
所述发送器32还用于在每一个Beacon帧中每个所述数据传输间隔之后的至少一个第二CTWindow期间，发送至少一个第二数据包给所述至少一个Client。
根据本发明实施例提供的一种移动设备，通过在最佳切换时间，对无线软接入点与一个或多个客户端设备的角色进行切换，使移动设备轮流作为无线软接入点，从而可有效地实现无线软接入点和客户端设备的能量消耗的公平性；在数据传输阶段，仅在传输的第一个数据包中包含对等通信属性区域，告知接收设备传输数据的时间间隔，可以减少数据包包头的负载，以减少设备能量的消耗，且发送设备和接收设备可以根据传输数据的时间间隔，每隔该时间间隔传输数据，然后进入休眠状态，减少能量的消耗，且减少传输时延。
本发明实施例装置中的单元可以根据实际需要进行合并、划分和删减。本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例以及不同实施例的特征进行结合或组合。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到本发明可以用硬件实现，或固件实现，或它们的组合方式来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以将上述功能存储在计算机可读介质中或作为计算机可读介质上的一个或多个指令或代码进行传输。计算机可读介质包括计算机存储介质和通信介质，其中通信介质包括便于从一个地方向另一个地方传送计算机程序的任何介质。存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质。以此为例但不限于：计算机可读介质可以包括随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、电可擦可编程只读存储器(Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(Compact Disc Read-Only Memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质。此外。任何连接可以适当的成为计算机可读介质。例如，如果软件是使用同轴电缆、光纤光缆、双绞线、数字用户线(Digital Subscriber Line，DSL)或者诸如红外线、无线电和微波之类的无线技术从网站、服务器或者其他远程源传输的，那么同轴电缆、光纤光缆、双绞线、DSL或者诸如红外线、无线和微波之类的无线技术包括在所属介质的定影中。如本发明所使用的，盘(Disk)和碟(disc)包括压缩光碟(CD)、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟(DVD)、软盘和蓝光光碟，其中盘通常磁性的复制数据，而碟则用激光来光学的复制数据。上面的组合也应当包括在计算机可 读介质的保护范围之内。
总之，以上所述仅为本发明技术方案的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种对等通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    根据对等通信网络中无线软接入点Soft AP的剩余能量和至少一个客户端设备Client的剩余能量，在所述至少一个Client中确定与所述Soft AP进行角色切换的其中一个Client；
    确定进行角色切换的最佳切换时间；
    在确定的所述最佳切换时间，发送角色切换消息给所述确定的其中一个Client，所述角色切换消息包括所述Soft AP与所述至少一个Client之间的数据传输状态；
    接收所述确定的其中一个Client发送的角色切换确认消息。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定进行角色切换的最佳切换时间，包括：
    根据对等网络的连接时间分布服从Ⅰ型柏拉图Pareto分布，确定最佳切换时间tswitch为：
    Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-100001
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-100002
    α为Pareto参数，0∠α∠1，telapsed是已经连接的时间；
    tmin为最小切换时间，
    Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-100003
    PH为Soft AP的功率，PC为Client的功率，EH是切换到Soft AP需要消耗的能量，EC为切换到Client需要消耗的能量。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    搜索请求进行对等通信的至少一个Client；
    与所述至少一个Client进行组网；
    确定所述Soft AP和所述至少一个Client的角色。
  4. 如权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述确定的其中一个Client作为切换后的Soft AP根据所述数据传输状态，继续与所述至少一个Client之间的数据传输。
  5. 如权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在每一个信标Beacon帧的第一客户传送窗口CTWindow期间发送第一数据包给所述至少一个Client，其中，所述第一数据包包括对等通信属性区域，所述对等通信属性区域包括数据传输间隔；
    在每一个Beacon帧中所述第一CTWindow之后的每个所述数据传输间隔，进入休眠状态；
    在每一个Beacon帧中每个所述数据传输间隔之后的至少一个第二CTWindow期间，发送至少一个第二数据包给所述至少一个Client。
  6. 一种移动设备，其特征在于，包括：
    确定单元，用于根据对等通信网络中无线软接入点Soft AP的剩余能量和至少一个客户端设备Client的剩余能量，在所述至少一个Client中确定与所述Soft AP进行角色切换的其中一个Client；
    所述确定单元还用于确定进行角色切换的最佳切换时间；
    发送单元，用于在确定的所述最佳切换时间，发送角色切换消息给所述确定的其中一个Client，所述角色切换消息包括所述Soft AP与所述至少一个Client之间的数据传输状态；
    接收单元，用于接收所述确定的其中一个Client发送的角色切换确认消息。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的移动设备，其特征在于，所述确定单元具体用于：
    根据对等网络的连接时间分布服从Ⅰ型柏拉图Pareto分布，确定最佳切换时间tswitch为：
    Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-100004
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-100005
    α为Pareto参数，0∠α∠1，telapsed是已经连接的时间；
    tmin为最小切换时间，
    Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-100006
    PH为Soft AP的功率，PC为Client的功率，EH是切换到Soft AP需要消耗的能量，EC为切换到Client需要消耗的能量。
  8. 如权利要求6或7所述的移动设备，其特征在于，所述移动设备还包括：
    搜索单元，用于搜索请求进行对等通信的至少一个Client；
    组网单元，用于与所述至少一个Client进行组网；
    所述确定单元还用于确定所述Soft AP和所述至少一个Client的角色。
  9. 如权利要求6-8任一项所述的移动设备，其特征在于，所述移动设备还包括：
    传输单元，用于根据所述数据传输状态，继续与所述至少一个Client之间的数据传输。
  10. 如权利要求6-9任一项所述的移动设备，其特征在于：
    所述发送单元还用于在每一个信标Beacon帧的第一客户传送窗口CTWindow期间发送第一数据包给所述至少一个Client，其中，所述第一数据包包括对等通信属性区域，所述对等通信属性区域包括数据传输间隔；
    所述移动设备还包括：
    休眠单元，用于在每一个Beacon帧中所述第一CTWindow之后的每个所述数据传输间隔，进入休眠状态；
    所述发送单元还用于在每一个Beacon帧中每个所述数据传输间隔之后的 至少一个第二CTWindow期间，发送至少一个第二数据包给所述至少一个Client。
  11. 一种移动设备，其特征在于，包括：处理器、发送器和接收器；
    所述处理器，用于根据对等通信网络中无线软接入点Soft AP的剩余能量和至少一个客户端设备Client的剩余能量，在所述至少一个Client中确定与所述Soft AP进行角色切换的其中一个Client；
    所述处理器还用于确定进行角色切换的最佳切换时间；
    所述发送器，用于在确定的所述最佳切换时间，发送角色切换消息给所述确定的其中一个Client，所述角色切换消息包括所述Soft AP与所述至少一个Client之间的数据传输状态；
    所述接收器，用于接收所述确定的其中一个Client发送的角色切换确认消息。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的移动设备，其特征在于，所述处理器具体用于：
    根据对等网络的连接时间分布服从Ⅰ型柏拉图Pareto分布，确定最佳切换时间tswitch为：
    Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-100007
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-100008
    α为Pareto参数，0∠α∠1，telapsed是已经连接的时间；
    tmin为最小切换时间，
    Figure PCTCN2015098218-appb-100009
    PH为Soft AP的功率，PC为Client的功率，EH是切换到Soft AP需要消耗的能量，EC为切换到Client需要消耗的能量。
  13. 如权利要求11或12所述的移动设备，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于：
    搜索请求进行对等通信的至少一个Client；
    与所述至少一个Client进行组网；
    确定所述Soft AP和所述至少一个Client的角色。
  14. 如权利要求11-13任一项所述的移动设备，其特征在于，所述发送器还用于：根据所述数据传输状态，发送数据给所述至少一个Client；
    所述接收器还用于根据所述数据传输状态，接收所述至少一个Client发送的数据。
  15. 如权利要求11-14任一项所述的移动设备，其特征在于：
    所述发送器还用于在每一个信标Beacon帧的第一客户传送窗口CTWindow期间发送第一数据包给所述至少一个Client，其中，所述第一数据包包括对等通信属性区域，所述对等通信属性区域包括数据传输间隔；
    所述处理器还用于在每一个Beacon帧中所述第一CTWindow之后的每个所述数据传输间隔，进入休眠状态；
    所述发送器还用于在每一个Beacon帧中每个所述数据传输间隔之后的至少一个第二CTWindow期间，发送至少一个第二数据包给所述至少一个Client。
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