WO2017075898A1 - 正向全自动多头车床 - Google Patents

正向全自动多头车床 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017075898A1
WO2017075898A1 PCT/CN2015/100001 CN2015100001W WO2017075898A1 WO 2017075898 A1 WO2017075898 A1 WO 2017075898A1 CN 2015100001 W CN2015100001 W CN 2015100001W WO 2017075898 A1 WO2017075898 A1 WO 2017075898A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
caliper
posture
spindle
tool holder
cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2015/100001
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙生强
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SUZHOU BLUE KING MACHINE TOOL TECHNOLOGY Ltd
Original Assignee
SUZHOU BLUE KING MACHINE TOOL TECHNOLOGY Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by SUZHOU BLUE KING MACHINE TOOL TECHNOLOGY Ltd filed Critical SUZHOU BLUE KING MACHINE TOOL TECHNOLOGY Ltd
Publication of WO2017075898A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017075898A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B9/00—Automatic or semi-automatic turning-machines with a plurality of working-spindles, e.g. automatic multiple-spindle machines with spindles arranged in a drum carrier able to be moved into predetermined positions; Equipment therefor
    • B23B9/08—Automatic or semi-automatic machines for turning of workpieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B25/00—Accessories or auxiliary equipment for turning-machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/0009—Energy-transferring means or control lines for movable machine parts; Control panels or boxes; Control parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B23Q1/015—Frames, beds, pillars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/08—Protective coverings for parts of machine tools; Splash guards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
    • B23Q7/04—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of grippers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
    • B23Q7/08—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of slides or chutes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of lathes, in particular to a forward fully automatic multi-head lathe.
  • CNC lathe is the mainstream product of the machine tool industry. It is the key equipment for modernizing the modernization of equipment manufacturing. The number and variety of high-performance CNC lathes in China cannot meet the needs of the domestic market, especially high-tech industries, such as China's bearing manufacturing specialty. Efficient CNC lathes for factory and car bearing rollers are still in great need.
  • the lathes currently used mainly include semi-automatic or fully automatic lathes and CNC lathes.
  • the structure mainly consists of a spindle box, an exchange gear box, a feed box, a slide box, a knife holder, a light bar, a lead screw, a bed, and a foot. It is composed of a cooling device and the like.
  • the traditional lathe headstock is a single spindle single cutting system, which can only process a single workpiece, and is laterally assembled on the bed.
  • the lathe takes up a large space, and the workpiece loading form is mostly manual clamping, which not only has high labor cost but also needs Repeating the tool setting and consuming too many man-hours; at the same time, the waste generated by the machining is easy to accumulate on the bed, especially in the sports track, it is necessary to manually clean the machine tool regularly. If it is not cleaned in time, it may cause damage to the bed and affect the accuracy of the machine. .
  • the invention provides a positive automatic multi-head lathe for solving the above problems, a novel lathe layout mode, and is equipped with an automatic feeding and unloading device, an automatic cleaning and cleaning device, and an automatic chip removing device, thereby realizing automatic lathe automatic clamping and automatic cutting. , no-clean, no-sweep function, so that one person can manage multiple lathes.
  • the lathe has a small footprint, high processing precision, reasonable structure, and saves labor costs and high processing efficiency.
  • the positive full-automatic multi-head lathe including the forward automatic multi-head lathe, is characterized in that: the forward fully automatic multi-head lathe includes an upper hood, a machine bed, an automatic feeding mechanism, a movable tool holder mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a spindle Mechanism, chip removal device, distribution box, unloading device, water circulation system, CNC control system, the CNC control system is connected and installed with the feeding mechanism, the movable tool holder mechanism, the spindle mechanism, the automatic chip removal device, the water circulation system In the distribution box, the upper hood, the automatic feeding mechanism, the movable tool holder mechanism, the feeding mechanism, the spindle mechanism, the chip discharging device, the distribution box, the feeding device, the water circulation system and the machine bed are connected; The spindle mechanism is assembled on the machine bed.
  • the automatic feeding mechanism includes a loading tong and a discharging caliper respectively corresponding to the spindle mechanism.
  • the automatic feeding mechanism includes a first posture during the automatic feeding process.
  • the movable knife holder mechanism includes a plurality of movable dustproof plates, a follower scraper, and a dust cover, and the follower scraper follows the movable blade frame mechanism Movement and movement, cleaning the waste cutting on the dustproof board of the multi-section
  • the chip discharging device includes a sump, the upper hood, the multi-section movable dust board, the follow-up squeegee, the dust cover, the sump It forms a closed processing area, which is convenient for processing waste cutting, cooling water discharge and cleaning.
  • the upper hood includes an operation display screen, a moving observation window, an operation button, an emergency stop button, a loading window, and a discharge opening
  • the moving observation window is located at a front center of the positive fully automatic multi-head lathe.
  • the loading window is located on the same side of the feeding mechanism, and the loading window may be one of an upper opening window, a lower opening window, a casement window, and a split window, wherein the discharge opening is located at the front To the back of the fully automatic multi-head lathe.
  • the machine bed comprises a frame bracket, a split door, a rear cover, a bed frame, a cutting outlet, the frame bracket, the opposite door, the rear cover and the bed frame connection,
  • the frame bracket and the rear cover are located on the back of the machine bed, and the frame bracket is a quick-disassembling structure, the opposite door is located on the front side of the machine bed, and the cutting outlet is located on the side of the machine bed.
  • the automatic feeding mechanism comprises a feeding bracket, a clamping device, an axial cylinder, a linear bearing seat, a transverse optical axis, an axial sliding plate, an axial optical axis; the axial cylinder, the linear bearing seat and the shaft
  • the optical axis is connected to the axial sliding plate;
  • the axial optical axis is fixed on the feeding bracket through the linear bearing seat;
  • the axial cylinders are respectively fixed at the two ends of the feeding bracket, and the feeding mechanism is linearly reciprocated by the axial cylinder
  • the clamping device comprises a transverse cylinder, a transverse connecting plate, a cooling water nozzle, a lateral sliding block, a caliper connecting piece, a connecting rod, a rotary control cylinder, a curved rod, a pneumatic caliper, a loading caliper, and an unloading
  • the movable tool holder mechanism comprises a tool holder mechanism, a carriage mechanism, a plurality of movable dustproof plates, a follower scraper and a dust cover;
  • the tool holder mechanism comprises a tool holder motor and a tool holder;
  • the carriage mechanism includes a middle carriage motor, a small carriage motor, a lead screw, a middle carriage rail, a coupling seat, a small carriage slider, a small carriage, a small carriage rail, a middle carriage slider, and a middle
  • the multi-section active dustproof board comprises a movable board, a dustproof fixing board, a downward bending, a upward bending, and the dustproof fixing board is fixed on the machine bed.
  • the movable panel is connected to the middle pallet; the number of the movable panels may be one or more, and the dustproof fixing plate and the movable panel and the movable panel itself are bent up and up and up
  • the dust cover is provided with a dustproof gasket; the dustproof gasket is a soft material, and cooperates with the small carriage rail; the tool holder mechanism includes a knife holder motor and a knife holder;
  • the middle carriage motor is located in the multi-section movable dustproof plate; the cutter carriage motor, the small carriage motor, and the middle carriage motor respectively CNC control system.
  • the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding mechanism base, a cover plate, a protrusion, a feeding limit, a feeding port and a feeding chute;
  • the feeding mechanism base is fixed on the machine bed;
  • One end of the feed chute is fixed in the upper hood, and the other end is fixed on the feeding port;
  • the feeding chute is at an angle of 0°-45° with the horizontal plane; vibration is arranged under the feeding chute
  • the vibration source of the contact, the vibration contact is an instantaneous vibration when the spindle mechanism is opened.
  • the spindle mechanism comprises a spindle motor, a pulley, a spindle housing, a chuck, a caliper, a belt and a spindle; the spindle motor is controlled by a CNC control system; the spindle mechanism can be a single spindle system, and a double The spindle system or the plurality of spindle systems, the number of the automatic feeding mechanism, the movable tool holder mechanism, and the unloading device correspond to the number of the spindle mechanism, and the automatic feeding mechanism, the movable tool holder mechanism, and the spindle mechanism can be controlled by the CNC system. Synchronous control or asynchronous control, that is, the automatic feeding mechanism and the movable tool holder mechanism of different spindle mechanisms complete the same process or different processes.
  • the unloading device comprises an elastic card cylinder, a feeding chute, and a feeding device fixing plate;
  • the unloading device fixing plate fixes the unloading device respectively at corresponding positions of the discharge caliper in the second position;
  • the elastic cartridge is an elastic component;
  • the cutting chute is at an angle of 0° with the horizontal plane. -45°.
  • the water circulation system includes a cleaning inlet pipe, a water storage tank, and a water pump; the cleaning inlet pipe is connected to the water pump at one end, and the other end is connected to the cooling water nozzle through a hose; the cooling water nozzle is soft A rigid tube that is bendably aligned with the machining tool; the pump is controlled by a CNC control system.
  • the automatic chip removing device comprises a cutting chute, a cutting motor, a cutting conveyor, a cutting bracket, a return pipe, and a sump;
  • the cutting conveyor is a hollow mesh structure;
  • the water tank is located directly below the cutting conveyor belt, and the bottom hole of the water collecting tank is connected with the water returning pipe; the one end of the return water pipe is connected to the water collecting tank, and the other end is connected to the water storage tank;
  • the cutting motor is controlled by the CNC control system, and can be set to work all the time. Or work in the gap.
  • the beneficial effects of the invention are: a forward fully automatic multi-head lathe, in a novel lathe layout mode, the rotating spindle is facing the machine tool, the layout mode saves the machine bed space, and the parallel arrangement of the machine tool multi-spindle can be realized. Simultaneous processing of multiple workpieces of the machine tool greatly improves the efficiency of one machining.
  • the machine is equipped with automatic knife holder system, automatic feeding and unloading device, automatic cleaning and cleaning device, automatic chip removal device, real automatic lathe automatic tool setting, automatic clamping, automatic processing, automatic cutting, automatic cleaning and automatic cleaning. Therefore, the hands of the operators are greatly liberated, and one person can operate multiple lathes.
  • the positive automatic multi-head lathe has a small footprint, high processing precision and reasonable structure, while saving labor cost and high processing efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic overall view of the exterior of a fully automatic multi-head lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic overall view of the inside of a fully automatic multi-head lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the inner back of a forward fully automatic multi-head lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a feeding mechanism of a forward automatic multi-head lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the principle of feeding and discharging of a forward automatic multi-head lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a first posture structure of a feeding mechanism of a forward automatic multi-head lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a positive full-automatic multi-head lathe clamping device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a second posture structure of a feeding mechanism of a forward automatic multi-head lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a third posture and a fourth posture of a feeding mechanism of a forward automatic multi-head lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a forward automatic multi-head lathe processing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a multi-section active dustproof plate of a forward fully automatic multi-head lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional detailed schematic view of a multi-section active dustproof plate of a forward fully automatic multi-head lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the bottom structure of a movable tool holder mechanism of a forward fully automatic multi-head lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a mechanism of a positive full-automatic multi-head lathe tool holder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of a positive full-automatic multi-head lathe dust cover according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 16 is a schematic view of a forward automatic multi-head lathe cutting mechanism and a water circulation mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural view of a forward automatic multi-head lathe unloading device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the positive fully automatic multi-head lathe includes a forward fully automatic multi-head lathe 1000, wherein the forward fully automatic multi-head lathe 1000 includes an upper hood 1, a machine bed, and an automatic feeding.
  • Mechanism 3 movable tool holder mechanism 4, feeding mechanism 5, spindle mechanism 6, chip discharging device 7, distribution box 8, blanking device 9, water circulation system 10, CNC control system, said CNC control system and feeding mechanism 3.
  • the movable tool holder mechanism 4, the spindle mechanism 6, the automatic chip removal device 7, and the water circulation system 10 are connected and installed in the distribution box 8, the upper machine cover 1, the automatic feeding mechanism 3, the movable tool holder mechanism 4, and the The material mechanism 5, the spindle mechanism 6, the chip removal device 7, the distribution box 8, the unloading device 9, and the water circulation system 10 are connected to the machine bed 2; the spindle mechanism 6 is forwardly assembled on the machine bed 2
  • the automatic feeding mechanism 3 includes a loading caliper 3291 and a discharging caliper 3292 respectively corresponding to the spindle mechanism 6.
  • the automatic feeding mechanism 3 includes a first posture 300, a second posture 301, and a third position in the automatic feeding process.
  • the movable tool holder mechanism 4 includes a multi-section live The dustproof plate 48, the follower squeegee 49, and the dust cover 436, the follower squeegee 49 moves with the movement of the movable turret mechanism 4, and cleans the waste on the multi-section movable dustproof plate 48, the row
  • the chip device 7 includes a sump 76, the upper hood 1, the multi-section movable dust plate 48, the follower squeegee 49, the dust cover 436 and the sump 76 form a closed processing area for processing waste and cooling water. Discharge and clean up.
  • the upper hood 1 includes an operation display screen 11, a movement observation window, an operation button, an emergency stop button, a loading window, and a discharge opening, and the moving observation window is located in the positive automatic multi-head.
  • the front center of the lathe 1000, the loading window is located on the same side of the feeding mechanism 5, and the loading window can be an upper opening window and a lower opening window.
  • One of the window opening, the casement window, and the split window is located on the back of the positive fully automatic multi-head lathe 1000.
  • the machine bed 2 includes a frame bracket 21, a split door 22, a rear cover 23, a bed frame 24, a cutting outlet 25, the frame bracket 21, the opposite door 22,
  • the rear cover 23 is connected to the bed frame 24, and the frame bracket 21 and the rear cover 23 are located on the back of the machine bed 2, and the frame bracket 21 is a quick-disassembling structure, and the opposite door 22 is located.
  • the front side of the machine bed 2 is located on the side of the machine bed 2 .
  • the automatic feeding mechanism 3 includes a feeding bracket 31, a clamping device 32, an axial cylinder 33, a linear bearing housing 34, a transverse optical axis 35, an axial sliding plate 36, and axial light.
  • a shaft 37; the axial cylinder 33, the linear bearing block 34, the axial optical axis 37 are connected to the axial slide 36; the axial optical axis 37 is fixed to the feeding bracket 31 through the linear bearing seat 34;
  • the axial cylinders 33 are respectively fixed to the two ends of the feeding bracket 31, and the axial movement of the feeding mechanism is linearly reciprocated by the axial cylinder 33.
  • the clamping device 32 includes a lateral cylinder 321, a transverse connecting plate 322, and a cooling water spray.
  • the tube 323, the lateral slider 324, the caliper connector 325, and the rotation control cylinder 327 are fixed on the lateral connecting plate 322; the lateral optical axis 35 is fixed to the axial sliding plate 36 through the lateral sliding block 324;
  • the action rod of the cylinder 321 is connected to the axial slide 36, and is made through the transverse cylinder 321
  • the linear reciprocating motion of the rod completes the lateral movement of the clamping device 32; the caliper connecting member 325, the connecting rod 326, the curved rod 328 are connected with the pneumatic caliper 329, and the rotary control cylinder 327 is connected with the curved rod, and the cylinder is controlled by rotation.
  • the linear reciprocating motion of 327 drives the crank rod to move, and drives the loading caliper 3291 to rotate, and the linkage connecting rod 326 rotates the discharging caliper 3292 synchronously;
  • the working posture of the clamping device (32) includes the first posture (300) ), the second posture (301), the third posture (302), and the fourth posture (303);
  • the first posture (300) is that the loading caliper (3291) grasps the blank position
  • the unloading caliper (3292) grabs and finishes processing the workpiece posture
  • the second posture (301) is that the feeding caliper (3291) sends the blank material to the processing station posture, and the unloading caliper (3292) is removed.
  • the workpiece pose is processed, and the third posture (302) is after the loading caliper (3291) completes the loading or prepares the feeding rotation intermediate posture, the discharging caliper (3292) completes the unloading of the material or prepares to unload the material.
  • Rotating the intermediate posture, the fourth posture (303) is the loading caliper (3291) and the discharging caliper (3292) when the workpiece is in the processing state.
  • a second pose cylinder under the rotation control (301) state (327) extends to the extreme position, while The pneumatic caliper (329) is a vertical horizontal plane; the rotation control cylinder (327) in the fourth posture (303) state is retracted to the limit position, and the pneumatic caliper (329) is parallel to the horizontal plane; the third posture (302) The rotation control cylinder (327) is in an intermediate position, and the pneumatic caliper (329) is at an angle of 0°-90° to the horizontal plane; the axial cylinder (33), the transverse cylinder (321), and the rotary control cylinder ( 327) Controlled by the CNC control system.
  • the movable tool holder mechanism 4 includes a tool holder mechanism 43, a carriage mechanism 45, a multi-section movable dust plate 48, a follower blade 49, and a dust cover 436;
  • the tool holder mechanism 43 includes a tool holder motor 42 and a tool holder 434.
  • the carriage mechanism 45 includes a middle carriage motor 40, a small carriage motor 41, a lead screw 46, a middle carriage rail 47, a coupling seat 431, and a small carriage slide.
  • the multi-section movable dust shield 48 includes a movable panel 481, dustproof The fixing plate 485, the lower bending 486, the upper bending 487, the dust fixing plate 485 is fixed on the machine bed 2, and the movable plate 481 is connected with the middle carriage 453; the movable plate The number of 481 may be one or more, and the dustproof fixing plate 485 is connected with the movable plate 481 and the movable plate 481 by a downward bending 486 and an upward bending 487; the dust cover 436 is provided.
  • the dust seal 437 is a soft material, and cooperates with the small carriage rail 435;
  • the tool holder mechanism 43 includes a tool holder motor 42 and a tool holder 434;
  • Carriage motor 40 located within the multi-section activities dustproof plate 48; the holder motor 42, carriage motor 41 is small, the carriage motor 40 are controlled by a CNC control system.
  • the feeding mechanism 5 includes a feeding mechanism base 51, a cover plate 52, a projection 53, a feed limit 54, a feed port 56, a feed chute 57;
  • the material base 51 is fixed on the machine bed 2;
  • the feed chute 57 is fixed at one end in the upper hood 1 and the other end is fixed on the inlet 56;
  • the feed chute 57 is at an angle to the horizontal plane It is 0°-45°;
  • the vibrating contact is arranged under the feeding chute 57, and the vibration source of the vibrating contact is an instantaneous vibration when the main shaft mechanism 6 is opened.
  • the spindle mechanism 6 includes a spindle motor 61, a pulley 62, a spindle housing 63, a chuck 64, a caliper 65, a belt, and a spindle; the spindle motor 61 is controlled by a CNC control system;
  • the spindle mechanism 6 may be a single spindle system, a dual spindle system or a plurality of spindle systems, and the number of the automatic feeding mechanism 3, the movable tool holder mechanism 4, and the blanking device 9 corresponds to the number of the spindle mechanisms 6,
  • the automatic feeding mechanism 3, the movable tool holder mechanism 4, and the spindle mechanism 6 can be synchronously controlled or asynchronously controlled by the CNC control system, that is, the automatic feeding mechanism 3 and the movable tool holder mechanism 4 of the different spindle mechanisms 6 are identical. Process or different process.
  • the unloading device 9 includes an elastic cartridge 91, a blanking chute 92, and a feeding device fixing plate 93.
  • the unloading device fixing plate 93 fixes the unloading device 9 respectively.
  • the discharge caliper 3292 is located at a corresponding position of the second position 301; the elastic cylinder 91 is an elastic member; and the unloading slide 92 has an angle of 0°-45° with the horizontal plane.
  • the water circulation system 10 includes a cleaning inlet pipe 101, a water storage tank 102, and a water pump 103.
  • One end of the cleaning inlet pipe 101 is connected to the water pump 103, and the other end is connected to the water pump through the hose and the cooling water.
  • the nozzle 323 is connected; the cooling water nozzle 323 is a soft and hard tube that can be bent and aligned with the machining tool; the water pump 103 is controlled by a CNC control system.
  • the automatic chip removing device 7 includes a cutting chute 71, a cutting motor 72, a cutting conveyor 73, a cutting bracket 74, a return pipe 75, and a sump 76;
  • the cutting conveyor 73 is Hollow mesh structure;
  • the sump 76 is located directly below the cutting conveyor 73, and the bottom of the sump 76 is connected to the return water pipe 75;
  • the return pipe 75 is connected at one end to the sump 76, and the other end is connected to the water storage tank 102;
  • the cutting motor 72 is controlled by the CNC control system and can be set to work at all times or in the gap.
  • Feeding as shown in Figure 3-5, the workpiece blank to be processed (followed by the workpiece with the finger) slides from the feed chute 57 into the feeding mechanism base 51, and the workpiece is at the feeding mechanism base 51 as shown in Fig. 5.
  • the first workpiece 551 and the second workpiece 552 are constrained by the feeding limit 54 at the belt feeding position, and the third workpiece 553 and the fourth workpiece 554 abut against the first workpiece 551 and the second workpiece 552 when the loading caliper
  • the third workpiece 553 and the fourth workpiece 554 are slipped by gravity and separated by the protrusion 53 to the feed limit 54.
  • the subsequent workpiece repeats the above process to complete the workpiece feeding. .
  • the CNC control system controls the rotation control cylinder 327 to drive the pneumatic caliper 329 to rotate to the vertical horizontal position, and then controls the lateral cylinder 321 to drive the lateral movement of the clamping device 32.
  • the axial position of the material caliper 3291 to the feed limit 54 controls the axial cylinder 33 to move the clamping device 32 axially to the first position 300 so that the finger tongs of the loading caliper 3291 extend into the feeding mechanism 5 to control the pneumatic
  • the caliper 329 shrinks and clamps the outer circumference of the workpiece or expands and supports the inner circle of the workpiece, and then controls the axial cylinder 33 to cause the loading caliper 3291 to withdraw from the feeding mechanism 5, and completes the loading of the workpiece; the synchronous caliper 3292 is simultaneously
  • the axial position of the quasi-spindle, the axial cylinder 33 drives the clamping device 32 to move axially to the first position 300, the finger of the discharge caliper 3292 is clamped to the corresponding position of the chuck 64, and the pneumatic caliper 329 is controlled to contract.
  • the outer circumference of the workpiece is clamped or expanded to support the inner circle of the workpiece, and then the axial cylinder 33 is controlled to move the discharge caliper 3292 away from the chuck 64 to complete the unloading of the processed workpiece.
  • the lateral cylinder 321 controls the lateral movement of the clamping device 32 to move the loading caliper 3291 to the spindle axis position, and the synchronous discharging caliper 3292 is moved to the position of the feeding device 9, and the axial cylinder 33 is controlled to drive the clamping device 32 axially.
  • Moving to the second position 301 causes the finger tongs of the loading caliper 3291 to clamp the workpiece to the caliper 65, and the unloading caliper 3292 synchronized with the workpiece places the processed workpiece in the elastic cartridge 91, waiting for the next One time to unload the workpiece that is jammed.
  • the CNC control system controls the rotation control cylinder 327 to drive the curved rod 328 to rotate the loading caliper 3291, and at the same time, the loading caliper 3291 transmits the rotating motion to the discharging caliper 3292 through the connecting rod 326, so that the loading is performed.
  • the caliper 3291 rotates in synchronization with the discharge caliper 3292 to the fourth position 303.
  • the CNC control system controls the carriage motor 40 and the small carriage motor 41 to move the movable tool holder mechanism 4, by the upper machine cover 1, the multi-section movable dust plate 48, the follow-up scraping
  • the plate 49, the dust cover 436 and the sump 76 constitute a closed processing area, and the waste generated during the processing only exists in the multi-section movable dustproof plate 48, the follow-up squeegee 49, the dust cover 436, and the follow-up squeegee 49.
  • the cutting motor 72 has been running at a low speed or intermittent operation to discharge the waste.
  • the cooling water is pumped through the pump of the CNC control system, and the inlet pipe 101 is cleaned to the hose, and finally the nozzle is sprayed with a certain pressure to the cooling water nozzle 323.
  • the sump 76 and the return pipe 75 are returned to the water storage tank 102.

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Abstract

一种正向全自动多头车床，车床包括上机罩（1）、机床床身（2）、自动送料机构（3）、活动刀架机构（4）、进料机构（5）、主轴机构（6）、排屑装置（7）、配电箱（8）、下料装置（9）、水循环系统（10）、CNC控制系统。以一种新颖的车床布局方式，同时配备全自动刀架系统、自动送料卸料装置、自动打扫清洗装置、自动排屑装置，真正实现车床自动对刀、自动装夹、自动加工、自动下料、自动清洗、自动打扫功能，从而实现一人管理多台车床。

Description

正向全自动多头车床 技术领域
本发明涉及车床领域，尤其涉及一种正向全自动多头车床。
背景技术
数控车床是机床行业的主流产品，是当代实现装备制造现代化的关键设备，日前我国高性能数控车床的数量和品种，尚不能满足国内市场的需求，特别是高技术产业，如我国的轴承制造专业厂，车轴承滚子的高效数控车床还是非常急需的。目前使用的车床主要包括半自动或全自动的普通车床和数控车床，其结构主要由主轴箱、交换齿轮箱、进给箱、溜板箱、刀架、光杠、丝杠、床身、床脚和冷却装置等构成。
传统的车床主轴箱为单主轴单切削系统，只能加工单个工件，同时为侧向装配在床身上，车床所占空间大，工件上料形式多为手动装夹，不仅人力成本高，且需重复对刀，消耗过多工时；同时加工产生的废削易累积在床身上，特别是运动轨道中，需消耗人工对机床进行定期清理，如不及时清理易对床身造成损伤，影响机床精度。
发明内容
本发明为解决上述问题提供正向全自动多头车床，一种新颖的车床布局方式，同时配备自动送料卸料装置、自动打扫清洗装置、自动排屑装置，真正实现车床自动装夹、自动下料、免清洗、免打扫功能，从而实现一人管理多台车床。车床占地面积小、加工精度高、结构合理，同时节省人力成本、加工效率高。
为实现上述目的，达到上述效果，本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
正向全自动多头车床，包括正向全自动多头车床，其特征在于：所述正向全自动多头车床包括上机罩、机床床身、自动送料机构、活动刀架机构、进料机构、主轴机构、排屑装置、配电箱、下料装置、水循环系统、CNC控制系统，所述的CNC控制系统与送料机构、活动刀架机构、主轴机构、自动排屑装置、水循环系统连接并安装在配电箱中，所述上机罩、自动送料机构、活动刀架机构、进料机构、主轴机构、排屑装置、配电箱、下料装置、水循环系统与机床床身连接；所述的主轴机构正向装配在机床床身上，所述的自动送料机构包括上料卡钳、卸料卡钳分别对应主轴机构，所述的自动送料机构在自动送料过程中包括第一位姿、 第二位姿、第三位姿、第四位姿，所述的活动刀架机构包括多节活动防尘板、随动刮板，防尘罩，所述随动刮板随活动刀架机构运动而动作，清理多节活动防尘板上的废削，所述排屑装置包括集水槽，所述的上机罩、多节活动防尘板、随动刮板，防尘罩、集水槽构成封闭加工区域，便于加工废削、冷却水排出与清理。
进一步的，所述的上机罩包括操作显示屏、移动观察窗、操作按钮、紧急停车按钮、上料窗、出料口，所述的移动观察窗位于正向全自动多头车床的正面中央，所述的上料窗位于进料机构同侧，所述的上料窗可为上开窗、下开窗、平开窗、对开窗中的其中一种，所述的出料口位于正向全自动多头车床背面。
进一步的，所述的机床床身包括料框支架、对开门、后盖板、床身框架、排削出口，所述的料框支架、对开门、后盖板与床身框架连接，所述的料框支架、后盖板位于机床床身背面，所述的料框支架为可快速拆卸结构，所述的对开门位于机床床身正面，所述的排削出口位于机床床身侧面。
进一步的，所述的自动送料机构包括送料支架、夹料装置、轴向气缸、直线轴承座、横向光轴、轴向滑板、轴向光轴；所述的轴向气缸、直线轴承座、轴向光轴与轴向滑板连接；所述的轴向光轴穿过直线轴承座固定在送料支架上；所述的轴向气缸分别固定于送料支架两端，通过轴向气缸直线往复完成送料机构的轴向运动；所述的夹料装置包括横向气缸、横向连接板、冷却水喷管、横向滑块、卡钳连接件、连接杆、旋转控制气缸、曲杆、气动卡钳、上料卡钳、卸料卡钳；所述的横向气缸、冷却水喷管、横向滑块、卡钳连接件、旋转控制气缸固定在横向连接板上；所述的横向光轴穿过横向滑块固定在轴向滑板上；所述的横向气缸的作用杆与轴向滑板连接，通过横向气缸作用杆直线往复运动完成夹料装置的横向运动；所述的卡钳连接件、连接杆、曲杆与气动卡钳连接，所述的旋转控制气缸与曲杆连接，通过旋转控制气缸直线往复运动带动曲杆运动，并带动上料卡钳旋转，同时联动连接杆使卸料卡钳同步旋转；所述的夹料装置(32)的工作位姿包括第一位姿(300)、第二位姿(301)、第三位姿(302)、第四位姿(303)；所述的第一位姿(300)为上料卡钳(3291)抓取毛坯料位姿、卸料卡钳(3292)抓取完成加工工件位姿，所述的第二位姿(301)为上料卡钳(3291)送毛坯料至加工工位位姿、卸料卡钳(3292)卸下完成加工工件位姿，所述的第三位姿(302)为上料卡钳(3291)完成上料后或准备上料旋转中间位姿、卸料卡钳(3292)完成卸料料后或准备卸料 旋转中间位姿，所述的第四位姿(303)为工件处于加工状态时上料卡钳(3291)、卸料卡钳(3292)位姿；所述的第一位姿(300)、第二位姿(301)状态下的旋转控制气缸(327)伸至极限位置，同时气动卡钳(329)垂直水平面；所述的第四位姿(303)状态下的旋转控制气缸(327)缩至极限位置，同时气动卡钳(329)平行水平面；所述的第三位姿(302)状态下的旋转控制气缸(327)处于中间位置，气动卡钳(329)与水平面夹角为0°-90°；所述的轴向气缸(33)、横向气缸(321)、旋转控制气缸(327)分别由CNC控制系统控制。
进一步的，所述的活动刀架机构包括刀架机构、拖板机构、多节活动防尘板、随动刮板、防尘罩；所述的刀架机构包括刀架电机、刀架；所述的拖板机构包括中拖板电机、小拖板电机、丝杠、中拖板轨道、联轴座、小拖板滑块、小拖板、小拖板轨道、中拖板滑块、中拖板固定座、中拖板；所述的多节活动防尘板包括活动板、防尘固定板、下弯翘起、上弯翘起，所述的防尘固定板固定在机床床身上，所述的活动板与中拖板连接；所述的活动板数量可为一个或多个，所述的防尘固定板与活动板、活动板自身之间通过下弯翘起、上弯翘起连接；所述的防尘罩设有防尘密封垫；所述的防尘密封垫为软性材料，与小拖板轨道配合；所述的刀架机构包括刀架电机、刀架；所述的中拖板电机位于多节活动防尘板内；所述的刀架电机、小拖板电机、中拖板电机分别由CNC控制系统控制。
进一步的，所述的进料机构包括进料机构基座、盖板、凸起、进料限位、进料口、进料滑道；所述的进料机构基座固定于机床床身上；所述进料滑道一端固定于上机罩内，另一端固定于进料口上；所述进料滑道与水平面夹角为0°-45°；所述的进料滑道下设有振动触头，所述的振动触头的振动源为主轴机构开启时的瞬间振动。
进一步的，所述的主轴机构包括主轴电机、皮带轮、主轴箱体、卡盘、卡钳、皮带、主轴；所述的主轴电机由CNC控制系统控制；所述的主轴机构可为单主轴系统、双主轴系统或多个主轴系统，所述的自动送料机构、活动刀架机构、下料装置的数量与主轴机构的数量对应，所述的自动送料机构、活动刀架机构、主轴机构可由CNC控制系统同步控制或异步控制，即不同主轴机构所对应自动送料机构、活动刀架机构完成相同工序或不同工序。
进一步的，所述的下料装置包括弹性卡筒、下料滑道、下料装置固定板；所 述的下料装置固定板将下料装置分别固定在卸料卡钳位于第二位姿的对应位置；所述的弹性卡筒为弹性元件；所述的下料滑道与水平面夹角为0°-45°。
进一步的，所述的水循环系统包括清洗进水管、储水箱、水泵；所述的清洗进水管一端与水泵连接，另一端通过软管与冷却水喷管连接；所述的冷却水喷管为软硬管，可弯曲对准加工刀具；所述水泵由CNC控制系统控制。
进一步的，所述的自动排屑装置包括排削滑道、排削电机、排削传送带、排削支架、回水管、集水槽；所述的排削传送带为镂空网状结构；所述的集水槽位于排削传送带正下方，集水槽底部开孔连接回水管；所述的回水管一端连接集水槽，另一端连接储水箱；所述的排削电机由CNC控制系统控制，可设为一直工作或间隙工作。
本发明的有益效果是：正向全自动多头车床，以一种新颖的车床布局方式，旋转主轴正对机床，此种布局方式节省了机床床身空间，同时可实现机床多主轴平行布局，便于实现机床的多工件同时加工，大大提高一次加工效率。同时该机床配备全自动刀架系统、自动送料卸料装置、自动打扫清洗装置、自动排屑装置，真正实现车床自动对刀、自动装夹、自动加工、自动下料、自动清洗、自动打扫功能，从而大大解放操作人员双手，实现一人操作多台车床。相比较传统车床，正向全自动多头车床占地面积小、加工精度高、结构合理，同时节省人力成本、加工效率高。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段，并可依照说明书的内容予以实施，以下以本发明的较佳实施例并配合附图详细说明如后，本发明的具体实施方式由以下实施例及其附图详细给出
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本发明实施例中的正向全自动多头车床外部整体示意图；
图2为本发明实施例中的正向全自动多头车床内部整体示意图；
图3为本发明实施例中的正向全自动多头车床内部背部示意图；
图4为本发明实施例中的正向全自动多头车床进料机构结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例中的正向全自动多头车床进料排料原理示意图；
图6为本发明实施例中的正向全自动多头车床送料机构第一位姿结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例中的正向全自动多头车床夹料装置结构示意图；
图8为本发明实施例中的正向全自动多头车床送料机构第二位姿结构示意图；
图9为本发明实施例中的正向全自动多头车床送料机构第三位姿与第四位姿结构示意图；
图10为本发明实施例中的正向全自动多头车床加工机构结构示意图；
图11为本发明实施例中的正向全自动多头车床多节活动防尘板结构示意图；
图12为本发明实施例中的正向全自动多头车床多节活动防尘板局部剖面详细示意图；
图13为本发明实施例中的正向全自动多头车床活动刀架机构底部结构示意图；
图14为本发明实施例中的正向全自动多头车床刀架机构结构示意图；
图15为本发明实施例中的正向全自动多头车床防尘罩结构示意图；
图16为本发明实施例中的正向全自动多头车床排削机构与水循环机构示意图；
图17为本发明实施例中的正向全自动多头车床下料装置结构示意图；
在图1-17所示，正向全自动多头车床1000、上机罩1、机床床身2、自动送料机构3、活动刀架机构4、进料机构5、主轴机构6、排屑装置7、配电箱8、下料装置9、水循环系统10、操作显示屏11、料框支架21、对开门22、后盖板23、床身框架24、排削出口25、送料支架31、夹料装置32、轴向气缸33、直线轴承座34、横向光轴35、轴向滑板36、轴向光轴37、第一位姿300、第二位姿301、第三位姿302、第四位姿303、横向气缸321、横向连接板322、冷却水喷管323、横向滑块324、卡钳连接件325、连接杆326、旋转控制气缸327、曲杆328、气动卡钳329、上料卡钳3291、卸料卡钳3292、中拖板电机40、小拖板电机41、刀架电机42、刀架机构43、轴承44、拖板机构45、丝杠46、中拖板轨道47、多节活动防尘板48、随动刮板49、联轴座431、小拖板滑块432、 小拖板433、刀架434、小拖板轨道435、防尘罩436、防尘密封垫437、中拖板滑块451、中拖板固定座452、中拖板453、活动板481、防尘固定板485、下弯翘起486、上弯翘起487、进料机构基座51、盖板52、凸起53、进料限位54、进料口56、第一工件551、第二工件552、第三工件553、第四工件554、进料滑道57、主轴电机61、皮带轮62、主轴箱体63、卡盘64、卡钳65、第一主轴601、第二主轴602、排削滑道71、排削电机72、排削传送带73、排削支架74、回水管75、集水槽76、弹性卡筒91、下料滑道92、下料装置固定板93、清洗进水管101、储水箱102、水泵103。
具体实施方式
为了便于本领域技术人员的理解，下面将参考附图并结合实施例，来详细说明本发明：
如图1-17所示，正向全自动多头车床，包括正向全自动多头车床1000，其特征在于：所述正向全自动多头车床1000包括上机罩1、机床床身2、自动送料机构3、活动刀架机构4、进料机构5、主轴机构6、排屑装置7、配电箱8、下料装置9、水循环系统10、CNC控制系统，所述的CNC控制系统与送料机构3、活动刀架机构4、主轴机构6、自动排屑装置7、水循环系统10连接并安装在配电箱8中，所述上机罩1、自动送料机构3、活动刀架机构4、进料机构5、主轴机构6、排屑装置7、配电箱8、下料装置9、水循环系统10与机床床身2连接；所述的主轴机构6正向装配在机床床身2上，所述的自动送料机构3包括上料卡钳3291、卸料卡钳3292分别对应主轴机构6，所述的自动送料机构3在自动送料过程中包括第一位姿300、第二位姿301、第三位姿302、第四位姿303，所述的活动刀架机构4包括多节活动防尘板48、随动刮板49，防尘罩436，所述随动刮板49随活动刀架机构4运动而动作，清理多节活动防尘板48上的废削，所述排屑装置7包括集水槽76，所述的上机罩1、多节活动防尘板48、随动刮板49，防尘罩436、集水槽76构成封闭加工区域，便于加工废削、冷却水排出与清理。
如图1-3，所述的上机罩1包括操作显示屏11、移动观察窗、操作按钮、紧急停车按钮、上料窗、出料口，所述的移动观察窗位于正向全自动多头车床1000的正面中央，所述的上料窗位于进料机构5同侧，所述的上料窗可为上开窗、下 开窗、平开窗、对开窗中的其中一种，所述的出料口位于正向全自动多头车床1000背面。
如图2-3，所述的机床床身2包括料框支架21、对开门22、后盖板23、床身框架24、排削出口25，所述的料框支架21、对开门22、后盖板23与床身框架24连接，所述的料框支架21、后盖板23位于机床床身2背面，所述的料框支架21为可快速拆卸结构，所述的对开门22位于机床床身2正面，所述的排削出口25位于机床床身2侧面。
如图1-3、6-9，所述的自动送料机构3包括送料支架31、夹料装置32、轴向气缸33、直线轴承座34、横向光轴35、轴向滑板36、轴向光轴37；所述的轴向气缸33、直线轴承座34、轴向光轴37与轴向滑板36连接；所述的轴向光轴37穿过直线轴承座34固定在送料支架31上；所述的轴向气缸33分别固定于送料支架31两端，通过轴向气缸33直线往复完成送料机构的轴向运动；所述的夹料装置32包括横向气缸321、横向连接板322、冷却水喷管323、横向滑块324、卡钳连接件325、连接杆326、旋转控制气缸327、曲杆328、气动卡钳329、上料卡钳3291、卸料卡钳3292；所述的横向气缸321、冷却水喷管323、横向滑块324、卡钳连接件325、旋转控制气缸327固定在横向连接板322上；所述的横向光轴35穿过横向滑块324固定在轴向滑板36上；所述的横向气缸321的作用杆与轴向滑板36连接，通过横向气缸321作用杆直线往复运动完成夹料装置32的横向运动；所述的卡钳连接件325、连接杆326、曲杆328与气动卡钳329连接，所述的旋转控制气缸327与曲杆连接，通过旋转控制气缸327直线往复运动带动曲杆运动，并带动上料卡钳3291旋转，同时联动连接杆326使卸料卡钳3292同步旋转；所述的夹料装置(32)的工作位姿包括第一位姿(300)、第二位姿(301)、第三位姿(302)、第四位姿(303)；所述的第一位姿(300)为上料卡钳(3291)抓取毛坯料位姿、卸料卡钳(3292)抓取完成加工工件位姿，所述的第二位姿(301)为上料卡钳(3291)送毛坯料至加工工位位姿、卸料卡钳(3292)卸下完成加工工件位姿，所述的第三位姿(302)为上料卡钳(3291)完成上料后或准备上料旋转中间位姿、卸料卡钳(3292)完成卸料料后或准备卸料旋转中间位姿，所述的第四位姿(303)为工件处于加工状态时上料卡钳(3291)、卸料卡钳(3292)位姿；所述的第一位姿(300)、第二位姿(301)状态下的旋转控制气缸(327)伸至极限位置，同时 气动卡钳(329)垂直水平面；所述的第四位姿(303)状态下的旋转控制气缸(327)缩至极限位置，同时气动卡钳(329)平行水平面；所述的第三位姿(302)状态下的旋转控制气缸(327)处于中间位置，气动卡钳(329)与水平面夹角为0°-90°；所述的轴向气缸(33)、横向气缸(321)、旋转控制气缸(327)分别由CNC控制系统控制。
如图10-15，所述的活动刀架机构4包括刀架机构43、拖板机构45、多节活动防尘板48、随动刮板49、防尘罩436；所述的刀架机构43包括刀架电机42、刀架434；所述的拖板机构45包括中拖板电机40、小拖板电机41、丝杠46、中拖板轨道47、联轴座431、小拖板滑块432、小拖板433、小拖板轨道435、中拖板滑块451、中拖板固定座452、中拖板453；所述的多节活动防尘板48包括活动板481、防尘固定板485、下弯翘起486、上弯翘起487，所述的防尘固定板485固定在机床床身2上，所述的活动板481与中拖板453连接；所述的活动板481数量可为一个或多个，所述的防尘固定板485与活动板481、活动板481自身之间通过下弯翘起486、上弯翘起487连接；所述的防尘罩436设有防尘密封垫437；所述的防尘密封垫437为软性材料，与小拖板轨道435配合；所述的刀架机构43包括刀架电机42、刀架434；所述的中拖板电机40位于多节活动防尘板48内；所述的刀架电机42、小拖板电机41、中拖板电机40分别由CNC控制系统控制。
如图3-5，所述的进料机构5包括进料机构基座51、盖板52、凸起53、进料限位54、进料口56、进料滑道57；所述的进料机构基座51固定于机床床身2上；所述进料滑道57一端固定于上机罩1内，另一端固定于进料口56上；所述进料滑道57与水平面夹角为0°-45°；所述的进料滑道57下设有振动触头，所述的振动触头的振动源为主轴机构6开启时的瞬间振动。
如图2、图10，所述的主轴机构6包括主轴电机61、皮带轮62、主轴箱体63、卡盘64、卡钳65、皮带、主轴；所述的主轴电机61由CNC控制系统控制；所述的主轴机构6可为单主轴系统、双主轴系统或多个主轴系统，所述的自动送料机构3、活动刀架机构4、下料装置9的数量与主轴机构6的数量对应，所述的自动送料机构3、活动刀架机构4、主轴机构6可由CNC控制系统同步控制或异步控制，即不同主轴机构6所对应自动送料机构3、活动刀架机构4完成相同 工序或不同工序。
如图8、图17，所述的下料装置9包括弹性卡筒91、下料滑道92、下料装置固定板93；所述的下料装置固定板93将下料装置9分别固定在卸料卡钳3292位于第二位姿301的对应位置；所述的弹性卡筒91为弹性元件；所述的下料滑道92与水平面夹角为0°-45°。
如图3、图7、图16，所述的水循环系统10包括清洗进水管101、储水箱102、水泵103；所述的清洗进水管101一端与水泵103连接，另一端通过软管与冷却水喷管323连接；所述的冷却水喷管323为软硬管，可弯曲对准加工刀具；所述水泵103由CNC控制系统控制。
如图16，所述的自动排屑装置7包括排削滑道71、排削电机72、排削传送带73、排削支架74、回水管75、集水槽76；所述的排削传送带73为镂空网状结构；所述的集水槽76位于排削传送带73正下方，集水槽76底部开孔连接回水管75；所述的回水管75一端连接集水槽76，另一端连接储水箱102；所述的排削电机72由CNC控制系统控制，可设为一直工作或间隙工作。
结合本发明的发明点，详细说明正向全自动多头车床的工作过程：
进料、如图3-5所示，待加工工件毛坯料(后以工件带指)从进料滑道57滑入进料机构基座51，工件在进料机构基座51呈如图5状排列，第一工件551和第二工件552被进料限位54限位在带送料位置，第三工件553和第四工件554紧靠第一工件551和第二工件552，当上料卡钳3291取出第一工件551和第二工件552后，第三工件553和第四工件554因为重力作用滑落同时由于凸起53分隔至进料限位54上，后面的工件重复上述过程完成工件进料。
上料同步卸料、如图2、图4、图6-9，CNC控制系统控制旋转控制气缸327带动气动卡钳329旋转至垂直水平面位置，后控制横向气缸321带动夹料装置32横向运动使上料卡钳3291至进料限位54的轴向位置，控制轴向气缸33带动夹料装置32轴向运动至第一位姿300使上料卡钳3291的手指钳伸进进料机构5，控制气动卡钳329收缩夹住工件外圆或扩张撑住工件内圆，随后控制轴向气缸33使上料卡钳3291退出进料机构5，完成上料工件抓料；与此同步的卸料卡钳3292同时对准主轴轴心位置，轴向气缸33带动夹料装置32轴向运动至第一位姿300使卸料卡钳3292的手指钳伸至卡盘64对应位置，控制气动卡钳329收缩 夹住工件外圆或扩张撑住工件内圆，随后控制轴向气缸33使卸料卡钳3292远离卡盘64，完成卸料已加工工件抓料。控制横向气缸321带动夹料装置32横向运动使上料卡钳3291至主轴轴心位置，与此同步的卸料卡钳3292运动至下料装置9位置，控制轴向气缸33带动夹料装置32轴向运动至第二位姿301使上料卡钳3291的手指钳将工件装夹至卡钳65上，与此同步的卸料卡钳3292将已加工完成的工件放置在弹性卡筒91内卡住，等待下一次下料将卡住的工件顶出。完成上、卸料后，CNC控制系统控制旋转控制气缸327带动曲杆328使上料卡钳3291旋转，与此同时上料卡钳3291通过连接杆326将旋转运动传递给卸料卡钳3292，使上料卡钳3291与卸料卡钳3292同步旋转至第四位姿303。
废削清理、如图10-15，CNC控制系统控制中拖板电机40与小拖板电机41使活动刀架机构4移动，由上机罩1、多节活动防尘板48、随动刮板49，防尘罩436、集水槽76构成封闭加工区域，加工中产生的废削只存在于多节活动防尘板48、随动刮板49，防尘罩436上，随动刮板49随活动刀架机构4移动而移动，在移动过程中清理多节活动防尘板48与随动刮板49上的废削，废削掉落至排削传送带73上，通过CNC控制系统控制排削电机72一直低速运转或间歇运转将废削排出，冷却水通过CNC控制系统水泵抽水，途径清洗进水管101至软管，最终以一定压力至冷却水喷管323对准加工刀具喷射，后经集水槽76、回水管75回流至储水箱102。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 正向全自动多头车床，包括正向全自动多头车床(1000)，其特征在于：所述正向全自动多头车床(1000)包括上机罩(1)、机床床身(2)、自动送料机构(3)、活动刀架机构(4)、进料机构(5)、主轴机构(6)、排屑装置(7)、配电箱(8)、下料装置(9)、水循环系统(10)、CNC控制系统，所述的CNC控制系统与送料机构(3)、活动刀架机构(4)、主轴机构(6)、自动排屑装置(7)、水循环系统(10)连接并安装在配电箱(8)中，所述上机罩(1)、自动送料机构(3)、活动刀架机构(4)、进料机构(5)、主轴机构(6)、排屑装置(7)、配电箱(8)、下料装置(9)、水循环系统(10)与机床床身(2)连接；所述的主轴机构(6)正向装配在机床床身(2)上，所述的自动送料机构(3)包括上料卡钳(3291)、卸料卡钳(3292)分别对应主轴机构(6)，所述的自动送料机构(3)在自动送料过程中包括第一位姿(300)、第二位姿(301)、第三位姿(302)、第四位姿(303)，所述的活动刀架机构(4)包括多节活动防尘板(48)、随动刮板(49)，防尘罩(436)，所述随动刮板(49)随活动刀架机构(4)运动而动作，清理多节活动防尘板(48)上的废削，所述排屑装置(7)包括集水槽(76)，所述的上机罩(1)、多节活动防尘板(48)、随动刮板(49)，防尘罩(436)、集水槽(76)构成封闭加工区域，便于加工废削、冷却水排出与清理。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的正向全自动多头车床，其特征在于：所述的上机罩(1)包括操作显示屏(11)、移动观察窗、操作按钮、紧急停车按钮、上料窗、出料口，所述的移动观察窗位于正向全自动多头车床(1000)的正面中央，所述的上料窗位于进料机构(5)同侧，所述的上料窗可为上开窗、下开窗、平开窗、对开窗中的其中一种，所述的出料口位于正向全自动多头车床(1000)背面。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的正向全自动多头车床，其特征在于：所述的机床床身(2)包括料框支架(21)、对开门(22)、后盖板(23)、床身框架(24)、排削出口(25)，所述的料框支架(21)、对开门(22)、后盖板(23)与床身框架(24)连接，所述的料框支架(21)、后盖板(23)位于机床床身(2)背面，所述的料框支架(21)为可快速拆卸结构，所述的对开门(22)位于机床床身(2)正面，所述的排削出口(25)位于机床床身(2)侧面。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的正向全自动多头车床，其特征在于：所述的自动送料机构(3)包括送料支架(31)、夹料装置(32)、轴向气缸(33)、直线轴承座(34)、 横向光轴(35)、轴向滑板(36)、轴向光轴(37)；所述的轴向气缸(33)、直线轴承座(34)、轴向光轴(37)与轴向滑板(36)连接；所述的轴向光轴(37)穿过直线轴承座(34)固定在送料支架(31)上；所述的轴向气缸(33)分别固定于送料支架(31)两端，通过轴向气缸(33)直线往复完成送料机构的轴向运动；
    所述的夹料装置(32)包括横向气缸(321)、横向连接板(322)、冷却水喷管(323)、横向滑块(324)、卡钳连接件(325)、连接杆(326)、旋转控制气缸(327)、曲杆(328)、气动卡钳(329)、上料卡钳(3291)、卸料卡钳(3292)；所述的横向气缸(321)、冷却水喷管(323)、横向滑块(324)、卡钳连接件(325)、旋转控制气缸(327)固定在横向连接板(322)上；所述的横向光轴(35)穿过横向滑块(324)固定在轴向滑板(36)上；所述的横向气缸(321)的作用杆与轴向滑板(36)连接，通过横向气缸(321)作用杆直线往复运动完成夹料装置(32)的横向运动；所述的卡钳连接件(325)、连接杆(326)、曲杆(328)与气动卡钳(329)连接，所述的旋转控制气缸(327)与曲杆连接，通过旋转控制气缸(327)直线往复运动带动曲杆运动，并带动上料卡钳(3291)旋转，同时联动连接杆(326)使卸料卡钳(3292)同步旋转；
    所述的夹料装置(32)的工作位姿包括第一位姿(300)、第二位姿(301)、第三位姿(302)、第四位姿(303)；所述的第一位姿(300)为上料卡钳(3291)抓取毛坯料位姿、卸料卡钳(3292)抓取完成加工工件位姿，所述的第二位姿(301)为上料卡钳(3291)送毛坯料至加工工位位姿、卸料卡钳(3292)卸下完成加工工件位姿，所述的第三位姿(302)为上料卡钳(3291)完成上料后或准备上料旋转中间位姿、卸料卡钳(3292)完成卸料料后或准备卸料旋转中间位姿，所述的第四位姿(303)为工件处于加工状态时上料卡钳(3291)、卸料卡钳(3292)位姿；所述的第一位姿(300)、第二位姿(301)状态下的旋转控制气缸(327)伸至极限位置，同时气动卡钳(329)垂直水平面；所述的第四位姿(303)状态下的旋转控制气缸(327)缩至极限位置，同时气动卡钳(329)平行水平面；所述的第三位姿(302)状态下的旋转控制气缸(327)处于中间位置，气动卡钳(329)与水平面夹角为0°-90°；所述的轴向气缸(33)、横向气缸(321)、旋转控制气缸(327)分别由CNC控制系统控制。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的正向全自动多头车床，其特征在于：所述的活动刀架 机构(4)包括刀架机构(43)、拖板机构(45)、多节活动防尘板(48)、随动刮板(49)、防尘罩(436)；所述的刀架机构(43)包括刀架电机(42)、刀架(434)；所述的拖板机构(45)包括中拖板电机(40)、小拖板电机(41)、丝杠(46)、中拖板轨道(47)、联轴座(431)、小拖板滑块(432)、小拖板(433)、小拖板轨道(435)、中拖板滑块(451)、中拖板固定座(452)、中拖板(453)；所述的多节活动防尘板(48)包括活动板(481)、防尘固定板(485)、下弯翘起(486)、上弯翘起(487)，所述的防尘固定板(485)固定在机床床身(2)上，所述的活动板(481)与中拖板(453)连接；所述的活动板(481)数量可为一个或多个，所述的防尘固定板(485)与活动板(481)、活动板(481)自身之间通过下弯翘起(486)、上弯翘起(487)连接；所述的防尘罩(436)设有防尘密封垫(437)；所述的防尘密封垫(437)为软性材料，与小拖板轨道(435)配合；所述的刀架机构(43)包括刀架电机(42)、刀架(434)；所述的中拖板电机(40)位于多节活动防尘板(48)内；所述的刀架电机(42)、小拖板电机(41)、中拖板电机(40)分别由CNC控制系统控制。
  6. [根据细则26改正04.02.2016]
    根据权利要求1所述的正向全自动多头车床，其特征在于：所述的进料机构(5)包括进料机构基座(51)、盖板(52)、凸起(53)、进料限位(54)、进料口(56)、进料滑道(57)；所述的进料机构基座(51)固定于机床床身(2)上；所述进料滑道(57)一端固定于上机罩(1)内，另一端固定于进料口(56)上；所述进料滑道(57)与水平面夹角为0°-45°；所述的进料滑道(57)下设有振动触头，所述的振动触头的振动源为主轴机构(6)开启时的瞬间振动。
  7. [根据细则26改正04.02.2016]　
    根据权利要求1至权利要求5其中之一所述的正向全自动多头车床，其特征在于：所述的主轴机构(6)包括主轴电机(61)、皮带轮(62)、主轴箱体(63)、卡盘(64)、卡钳(65)、皮带、主轴；所述的主轴电机(61)由CNC控制系统控制；所述的主轴机构(6)可为单主轴系统、双主轴系统或多个主轴系统，所述的自动送料机构（3)、活动刀架机构(4)、下料装置(9)的数量与主轴机构(6)的数量对应，所述的自动送料机构（3)、活动刀架机构(4)、主轴机构(6)可由CNC控制系统同步控制或异步控制，即不同主轴机构(6)所对应自动送料机构(3)、活动刀架机构（4)完成相同工序或不同工序。
  8. 根据权利要求1与权利要求4所述的正向全自动多头车床，其特征在于：所 述的下料装置(9)包括弹性卡筒(91)、下料滑道(92)、下料装置固定板(93)；所述的下料装置固定板(93)将下料装置(9)分别固定在卸料卡钳(3292)位于第二位姿(301)的对应位置；所述的弹性卡筒(91)为弹性元件；所述的下料滑道(92)与水平面夹角为0°-45°。
  9. 根据权利要求1与权利要求4所述的正向全自动多头车床，其特征在于：所述的水循环系统(10)包括清洗进水管(101)、储水箱(102)、水泵(103)；所述的清洗进水管(101)一端与水泵(103)连接，另一端通过软管与冷却水喷管(323)连接；所述的冷却水喷管(323)为软硬管，可弯曲对准加工刀具；所述水泵(103)由CNC控制系统控制。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的正向全自动多头车床，其特征在于：所述的自动排屑装置(7)包括排削滑道(71)、排削电机(72)、排削传送带(73)、排削支架(74)、回水管(75)、集水槽(76)；所述的排削传送带(73)为镂空网状结构；所述的集水槽(76)位于排削传送带(73)正下方，集水槽(76)底部开孔连接回水管(75)；所述的回水管(75)一端连接集水槽(76)，另一端连接储水箱(102)；所述的排削电机(72)由CNC控制系统控制，可设为一直工作或间隙工作。
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