WO2017063334A1 - 一种手提式电动汽车用可移动电源 - Google Patents

一种手提式电动汽车用可移动电源 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017063334A1
WO2017063334A1 PCT/CN2016/076303 CN2016076303W WO2017063334A1 WO 2017063334 A1 WO2017063334 A1 WO 2017063334A1 CN 2016076303 W CN2016076303 W CN 2016076303W WO 2017063334 A1 WO2017063334 A1 WO 2017063334A1
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Prior art keywords
control
power
charging
module
portable
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PCT/CN2016/076303
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴德平
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苏州达思灵新能源科技有限公司
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Priority to US15/768,689 priority Critical patent/US20180354379A1/en
Publication of WO2017063334A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017063334A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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    • H02J7/1469—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field
    • H02J7/1492—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field by means of controlling devices between the generator output and the battery
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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Definitions

  • the invention relates to a portable electric vehicle charging and portable power battery charging auxiliary power source for a pure electric vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of new energy vehicle extended range power system.
  • charging station/pile there are two methods for extending the driving range of pure electric vehicles: charging station/pile and vehicle extended range power generation system.
  • the construction of charging station/pile is huge, the cycle is very long, and the density of charging station/pile distribution and the queuing time of charging have a huge impact on the purchase decision and use of pure electric vehicles. It is currently impossible for commercial electric vehicles to be commercialized.
  • One of the main reasons for development The installation of the vehicle-wide extended-range power generation system in pure electric vehicles is an effective solution to alleviate the problem that the pure electric vehicle has a short driving range and the vehicle price is too high due to the battery cost problem, and realizes the short-distance city traffic pure electric zero-emission mode. And occasionally open long distances are used in pure electric drive extended range mode, the mileage is not limited.
  • the Chinese invention patent ZL201110245988.4 discloses a vehicle extended range power generation system technology. This technology enables a low-cost and high-efficiency on-board power generation system to be directly installed on a pure electric vehicle, allowing the power battery capacity to be reduced to the minimum capacity required for the city's traffic mileage, thereby greatly reducing the overall vehicle cost while making the vehicle
  • the driving range is not limited by the battery capacity.
  • most pure electric vehicles or a pure electric vehicle are used for short-distance traffic in the city most of the time, if every pure electric vehicle is equipped with an on-board extended-range power generation system, the structure of the whole vehicle is complicated and the maintenance cost is increased. And because most of the time the city's traffic will not use the in-vehicle extended-range power generation system, the extra purchase cost of the whole vehicle and the additional vehicle weight offset the advantages of pure electric vehicles.
  • Chinese invention patent ZL200610038539.1 discloses a digital generator set technology, which is a portable conventional alternator with small volume and high integration. It is powered by a small gasoline engine and can be provided for household appliances or lighting in case of power failure. Stable and reliable power. This simple intersection The flow generator set cannot meet the DC charging and control requirements required by the electric vehicle, can not interface with the automobile power battery, and lacks the safety management capability and positioning capability of the system remote monitoring, data recording, and the like.
  • Patent application CN102957264A discloses a dual-frequency dual-pressure digital generator, which is a new application that can output four kinds of alternating current. It includes an engine, a three-phase permanent magnet generator, two three-phase rectifier voltage regulator modules, a voltage selection controller, a frequency selection switch, a DC AC conversion module, and an LC low-pass filter.
  • the three-phase permanent magnet generator is composed of two sets of three-phase high-voltage windings and a set of single-phase low-voltage windings.
  • the DC signals output by the two three-phase rectification and voltage-stabilizing modules adopt different connection modes and are operated by a DC-AC conversion module. After that, AC power of different voltages is output, and the frequency of the output AC power is optional.
  • the digital generator lacks system control and management module, cooling fan, control panel, remote communication and GPS module, DC/DC module and battery, etc., can not meet the DC charging and control requirements of electric vehicles, and cannot interface with automobile power battery. Security management capabilities and positioning capabilities such as remote monitoring and data logging cannot be realized.
  • Patent application CN101672219 discloses a variable frequency generator set comprising a multi-pole generator, an engine whose output is connected to the input end of the multi-pole generator, and an AA type frequency conversion converter whose input end is connected to the output end of the multi-pole generator; A speed increaser is mounted between the output of the engine and the input of the multi-pole generator.
  • the invention increases the engine speed by installing a speed increaser at the output end of the engine, and increases the generator frequency, thereby further reducing the waveform distortion of the output voltage of the AA type frequency converter, so that the AA type frequency converter can be used in this embodiment.
  • variable frequency generator set is large in size and heavy in weight, and is not suitable for being placed in the back box of the automobile, and is not suitable for use as a mobile power source, and cannot meet the DC charging and control requirements required for the electric vehicle, and cannot be combined with the automobile.
  • Power battery interface can not achieve remote monitoring, data logging and other security management capabilities and positioning capabilities.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a portable power source for a portable electric vehicle.
  • the mobile power can be placed in the trunk of the car, and when needed, it can be placed on the ground and directly charge the power battery without having to drive a depleted electric vehicle to find a very small number of charging stations or wait in line at the charging station. In most cities, short-distance driving does not require backup power. At this time, the power can be taken off the vehicle and placed in the garage, which can effectively reduce the weight of the vehicle. Its remote monitoring can ensure the safety and reliability of charging. Its positioning and management capabilities make it unnecessary for users to purchase mobile power by themselves, but only rent a mobile power supply when needed, which effectively reduces the cost of use.
  • a portable power source for a portable electric vehicle comprising: a generator set, the generator set including a DC power device, a muffler, and an air filter;
  • a system control and management module is connected to the generator set for regulating the output power of the generator set, outputting a direct current and a direct current voltage that can directly charge the power battery, and automatically identifying the type of the electric vehicle power battery (lead acid) , lithium battery), the correctness of the wiring, determine the different charging control mode, control the power generation output power of the generator set, the output charging voltage, and the output terminal is connected with an AC socket and a DC socket;
  • control panel connected to the system control and management module
  • a DC/DC module and a battery are respectively connected to the control panel to provide starting and working power for the control system;
  • the remote communication and GPS module is connected with the system control and management module, has wireless remote communication and management functions, and supports wireless positioning and remote control switching functions.
  • the mobile power supply is a monolithic integrated module with a hand-held handle that can add fuel through the fuel filler port and display the fuel state on the control panel.
  • the control and management unit controls the generator set power output to charge the electric vehicle vehicle power battery pack.
  • the system control and management module and the remote communication and GPS module pass through RS232 Line communication connection, including receiving remote control commands such as silent charging command, system start/stop command, system lock command, etc., can update software download and upload system operating parameters, and output system monitoring status parameters such as actual charging voltage, charging current, charging time , charge capacity, oil level, accumulated charge time, accumulated charge, error code, etc.
  • Support mobile phone app to monitor the charging status, including charging accumulated time, accumulated charging energy, oil quantity information, charging abnormal alarm function. Support for booking lease, remote troubleshooting and lost power lock function through mobile app.
  • control and management unit is composed of a system management module and a power generation control module, and the control software in the system management module coordinates the power generation control module to control the output DC current and voltage, and the system management module can also limit the maximum charging current and Provide protection against accidents such as external short circuits, reverse polarity or overvoltage.
  • the system management module has a function of automatically identifying the type of the electric vehicle power battery, such as lead acid, lithium battery, etc., and automatically selects an appropriate charging control mode to charge the power battery.
  • the type of the electric vehicle power battery such as lead acid, lithium battery, etc.
  • the system management module has two control modes, including a standby mode and an operating mode.
  • the standby mode the remote communication and GPS module are in standby to receive the remote control command state, while the control and management unit is in the power saving mode. Only when the position of the electric door lock on the control panel is in the RUN position, the system is fully powered, allowing power generation and charging, and is in the working mode.
  • the input end of the DC/DC module and the battery is connected to the DC output end to provide starting and working power for the control system, and the DC/AC module is a passive power supply DC to AC conversion module.
  • the DC/AC module is a passive power supply DC to AC conversion module.
  • the portable power source for the portable electric vehicle further includes a fuel tank, a heat dissipation fan, and a portable handle, the fuel tank is connected to the DC power device, and the heat dissipation fan is installed outside the entire movable power source. .
  • the DC power device is a gas generator, a fuel generator or an alcohol ether generator.
  • the DC power device is a hydrogen fuel cell or a metal air battery.
  • control panel has a plurality of control knobs and a touch control screen, and can select a plurality of DC charging output voltages, and can select a battery type, a DC/AC output, and a silent slow charging function.
  • control panel has a selectable DC charging output voltage of 60V, 72V, 96V, 144V, 320V, 360V, 400V.
  • the power output of the genset is directly output to the power battery according to the set charging voltage after being adjusted by the control and management unit, and the charging current is controlled by a standard constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) charging mode. Make adjustments.
  • the control and management unit first detects and determines the correctness of the connection between the mobile power source and the power battery (to avoid short circuit or reverse polarity), and will start power generation after detecting the correct battery voltage. Once it is detected that the charging mode is set to mute/slow charge, the actual charging current is reduced by 50% while the engine speed is reduced to reduce noise. If it is determined that the power battery is a lithium battery, the charging is stopped when the charging current is less than 10% of the constant current rating; if it is determined that the power battery is a lead-acid battery, the charging current always maintains the floating charging voltage.
  • CC-CV constant current-constant voltage
  • the utility model has the beneficial effects that any pure electric vehicle can be configured with a mobile power source before driving away from the remote door, and the battery can be charged at any time and anywhere after the battery is depleted without having to find a charging station or queue at the charging station. Waiting for charging.
  • the owner can monitor the charging process of the remaining amount of the mobile power fuel and the state of charge of the battery in real time through the mobile phone app. When needed, you can use the mobile app to find nearby mobile power to be rented, and use the rental mode instead of buying it yourself.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevational view showing the constitution of an embodiment of a movable power supply of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the reverse structure of the embodiment of the movable power supply of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the circuit structure of the control and management unit of the present invention.
  • the embodiments of the present invention include:
  • Embodiment 1 A portable power source for a portable electric vehicle, comprising: a generator set 3, the generator set 3 comprising a DC power unit 1, a silencer 14, and an air filter 13;
  • the system control and management module 15 is connected to the genset 3 for regulating the output power of the genset 3, outputting direct current and direct current voltages that can directly charge the power battery, and automatically identifying the type of the electric vehicle power battery. (Lead acid, lithium battery), the correctness of the wiring, determine different charging control modes, control the power generation output power of the generator set 3, and the output charging voltage;
  • control panel 4 connected to the system control and management module 15;
  • the DC/DC module 7 and the battery 10 are respectively connected to the control panel 4 and connected to the DC output end of the power generation control module 2 to provide starting and working power for the control system;
  • the output of the power generation control module 2 is connected via an AC/AC module 6 with an AC outlet 9 and a DC outlet 8, which can be used for a standard charging plug, and the AC outlet 9 is a standard power outlet.
  • the remote communication and GPS module 5 is connected to the system control and management module 15, and has wireless remote communication and management functions, and supports wireless positioning and remote control switching functions.
  • the mobile power supply is an integral integrated module with a portable handle, which can add fuel to the fuel tank 12 through the fuel filler port and display the fuel state on the control panel 4, and control the power generation output of the generator set 3 to the electric motor through the system control and management module 15.
  • the car power battery pack is charged.
  • system control and management module 15 and the remote communication and GPS module 5 are connected by RS232, including receiving remote control commands such as a silent charging command, a system start/stop command, a system lock command, etc., and the software can be updated. Download and upload system working parameters, output system monitoring status parameters such as actual charging voltage, charging current, charging time, charging power, oil level, accumulated charging time, accumulated charging power, error code, etc.
  • the system control and management module 15 simultaneously monitors the real-time signal status and CAN communication data of each sensor, including sampling the charging voltage selection signal from the control panel 4, the battery model setting signal, and monitoring the actual charging voltage and charging current.
  • the signal of the temperature of the generator set 3, the position of the motor is sampled, and the system error code and the charging status information are output to the control panel 4 through CAN communication, and part of the operation information of the control panel 4 is included, including setting the mute setting password.
  • the system control and management module 15 can monitor the charging status of the mobile phone app through the remote communication and the GPS module 5, including the charging accumulated time, the accumulated charging energy, the oil quantity information, and the charging abnormal alarm function. Support for booking lease, remote troubleshooting and lost power lock function through mobile app.
  • the DC power unit is a fuel-generator.
  • Embodiment 2 This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that the control and management unit 15 is composed of a system management module and a power generation control module 2, and the power generation control module 2 controls the output through the control software in the system management module.
  • the system management module can also limit the maximum charging current and protect against external short circuit, polarity reversal or overvoltage.
  • the power generation control module 2 receives the three-phase power output from the genset 3 and directly outputs the DC charging current after rectification, and adjusts the actual power generation DC output by controlling the generator excitation current, and the excitation source is from the target charging power battery.
  • the battery 10 is charged by DC/DC 7, provides transient power during engine start-up and ignition, and provides standby power during standby of the mobile power supply, supporting functions such as remote communication and positioning.
  • the movable power supply When the electric door lock on the control panel 4 is in the OFF position, the movable power supply is completely closed; when the electric door lock is in the ACC position, the movable power supply is in the standby state to support remote communication and positioning; when the electric door lock is in the RUN position When the mobile power source can generate electricity, it can provide charging power.
  • the system management module can automatically identify the type of the electric vehicle power battery, such as lead acid, lithium battery, etc., and automatically select an appropriate charging control mode to charge the power battery.
  • the type of the electric vehicle power battery such as lead acid, lithium battery, etc.
  • a flexible connection of the pulley is adopted between the engine and the generator to reduce vibration conduction.
  • Embodiment 3 The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the output ends of the DC/DC module 7 and the battery 10 in the embodiment are connected to the control panel 4, and the DC output terminal of the power generation control module 2 and the DC The /AC module 6 is connected, and the DC/AC module 6 is a passive DC-to-AC power conversion module.
  • the AC output DC/AC module 6 described in this embodiment is a passive power conversion module and is an optional plug-in.
  • the system control and management module 15 will adjust the power generation according to the detected DC voltage.
  • the system control and management module 15 detects that the selection command from the remote command or from the control panel 4 requires silent charging, the system control and management module 15 reduces the charging power by 50% while lowering the engine speed. Reduce the purpose of noise.
  • Embodiment 4 The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the portable power supply for the portable electric vehicle in the embodiment further includes a fuel tank 12, a cooling fan 11, and a carrying handle, and the fuel tank 12 and the fuel tank 12 The internal combustion engine 1 is connected, and the heat dissipation fan 11 is mounted outside the entire movable power source.
  • Embodiment 5 This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that the DC power device in the embodiment is a hydrogen fuel cell or a metal air battery.
  • Embodiment 6 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the control panel 4 in the embodiment has a plurality of control knobs and a touch control screen, and can select various DC charging output voltages such as 60V, 72V, and 96V. , 144V, 320V, 360V, 400V, etc., you can also choose the battery type such as lead acid, lithium battery, choose DC or AC output, choose mute slow charge and other functions.
  • Embodiment 7 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the DC socket in the embodiment supports DC output charging, and has the replaceability and can meet various standard electric vehicle charging interface standards.
  • Embodiment 8 This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that the system management module has two control modes, including a standby mode and an operation mode. In the standby mode, the remote communication and GPS module 5 is in standby to receive the remote control command state, and the system control and management module 15 is in the power saving mode. Only when the position of the electric door lock on the control panel 4 is in the RUN position, the system is fully powered, allowing power generation and charging, and is in the working mode.
  • the system management module has two control modes, including a standby mode and an operation mode. In the standby mode, the remote communication and GPS module 5 is in standby to receive the remote control command state, and the system control and management module 15 is in the power saving mode. Only when the position of the electric door lock on the control panel 4 is in the RUN position, the system is fully powered, allowing power generation and charging, and is in the working mode.
  • the system management module constantly monitors the correctness of the DC bus voltage and current. If the polarity of the external DC power line is detected to be reversed or short-circuited (no voltage), this determines the wiring error, issues an error code and stops working.
  • the system management module first performs system initialization operations, including setting the charging voltage, charging mode (lithium or lead acid), etc. If there is a silent charging requirement, this sets the charging current to 50% of the rated value while reducing the engine speed.
  • the power generation process is a closed-loop control process.
  • the initial generation current is the largest (constant current charge-CC) and the voltage continues to rise as the charge continues.
  • the closed-loop control charge The flow is continuously decreased, and the charging voltage is kept constant (constant voltage charging - CV) until the actual charging current is reduced to less than 10% of the maximum rated current, and the charging operation is terminated, and the system is stopped.
  • the present invention provides a portable power source for a portable electric vehicle, and any pure electric vehicle can be configured with a mobile power source before driving at a remote gate, and can be powered at any time and anywhere when the battery is depleted.
  • the battery is charged without having to look for a charging station or waiting in line at the charging station.
  • the owner can monitor the remaining amount of the mobile power fuel, the state of charge of the battery, and the like in real time through the mobile phone app. When needed, you can use the mobile app to find nearby mobile power to be rented, and use the rental mode instead of buying it yourself. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

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Abstract

一种手提式电动汽车用可移动电源，包括：发电机组（3），系统控制与管理模块（15），用于对发电机组的输出动力进行调节，输出可以直接为动力电池充电的直流电流和直流电压，确定不同的充电控制模式，控制发电机组的发电输出功率、控制充电电压；控制面板（4），与系统控制与管理模块连接；远程通讯与GPS模块（5），与系统控制与管理模块连接，具有无线远程通讯和管理功能、支持无线定位和遥控开关功能，可遥控发电机组发电输出给电动汽车车载动力电池组进行充电。使得可移动电源的使用更加可靠、精确和灵活，甚至可以用手机app监控充电状态，在偶尔需要开电动汽车远途出行情况下通过会员网络临时租赁可移动电源，用完归还。

Description

一种手提式电动汽车用可移动电源 技术领域
本发明涉及纯电动汽车用可随车携带、可移动式动力电池充电辅助电源，属于新能源汽车增程动力系统技术领域。
背景技术
目前纯电动汽车的有两种延长续驶里程的方法：充电站/桩和车载增程发电系统。其中充电站/桩的建设投资庞大、周期很长，且充电站/桩分布的密度和充电的排队时间对于纯电汽车的购买决定和使用有巨大的影响，是目前纯电动汽车无法商业化规模发展的主要原因之一。纯电汽车加装车载增程发电系统是一种有效的解决方案，可以缓解纯电动汽车行驶里程短且因电池成本问题导致整车价格过高的问题，实现短途市内交通纯电零排放模式、而偶尔开长途则以纯电驱动增程模式使用，行驶里程不受限制。
中国发明专利ZL201110245988.4公开一种车载增程发电系统技术。该技术使得一种低成本且高效率的车载发电系统可以直接安装到纯电动汽车上，允许将动力电池容量减少到市内交通行驶里程所需最小容量从而大大降低整车成本，同时使得整车的续驶里程不受电池容量的限制。但是由于大多数纯电动汽车或一辆纯电动汽车大多数时间都是用于市内短途交通，如果每一辆纯电动汽车都安装车载增程发电系统，不仅使得整车结构复杂且维护费用增多，而且因为大多数时间市内交通不会用到车载增程发电系统，为此付出的整车额外采购成本且额外增加的整车重量抵消了纯电动汽车的优势。
中国发明专利ZL200610038539.1公开了一种数码发电机组技术，是一种体积小集成度高的可移动式常规交流发电机，采用小型汽油发动机为动力，可以为家用电器或照明在停电情况下提供稳定和可靠的动力。这种简单的交 流发电机组不能满足电动汽车需要的直流充电和控制要求、不能与汽车动力电池进行接口、同时缺乏系统远程监控、数据记录等安全管理能力和定位能力等。
专利申请文献CN102957264A公开了一种双频双压数码发电机，是可输出四种交流电的新应用。它包括一个发动机、一个三相永磁发电机、两个三相整流稳压模块、一个电压选择控制器、一个频率选择开关、一个直流交流转换模块、一个LC低通滤波器。其特征是三相永磁发电机由两组三相高压绕组和一组单相低压绕组组成，经过两个三相整流稳压模块输出的直流信号采用不同的连接方式，经过直流交流转换模块作用后输出不同电压的交流电，且输出交流电的频率可选。该数码发电机缺少系统控制与管理模块、散热风扇、控制面板、远程通讯与GPS模块、DC/DC模块和蓄电池等，不能满足电动汽车需要的直流充电和控制要求、不能与汽车动力电池进行接口、不能实现远程监控、数据记录等安全管理能力和定位能力。
专利申请文献CN101672219公开了一种变频发电机组，包括多极发电机、输出端与多极发电机输入端相连的发动机以及输入端与多极发电机输出端相连的AA式变频转换器；其特征在于所述发动机的输出端与多极发电机的输入端之间安装有增速器。本发明通过在发动机的输出端安装增速器来提高发动机转速，增大了发电机频率，以此进一步降低了AA式变频转换器输出电压的波形失真度，使得AA式变频转换器能够在本发明中得以有效使用，但是该变频发电机组体积大，重量大，不适合放入汽车后背箱，不适合用做可移动电源使用，不能满足电动汽车需要的直流充电和控制要求、不能与汽车动力电池进行接口、不能实现远程监控、数据记录等安全管理能力和定位能力。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术中的不足，本发明主要目的是提供一种手提式电动汽车用可移动电源。该可移动电源可以放入汽车后备箱，需要时拿出来放在地面后直接为动力电池充电而无需开着已经亏电的电动汽车寻找数量极少的充电站或在充电站排队等候。在大多数市内短途开车情况下不需要备用电源，这时可将电源从车上拿下来放入车库，可有效减轻整车重量。其远程监控能可以保证充电的安全和可靠性，其定位及管理能力使得用户甚至不必自己购买可移动电源，而只是在需要时租赁一个可移动电源使用，有效降低使用成本。
为实现上述目的，本发明公开的技术方案是：一种手提式电动汽车用可移动电源，包括：发电机组，所述发电机组包括直流动力装置、消音器、空滤；
系统控制与管理模块，与所述发电机组连接，用于对发电机组的输出动力进行调节，输出可以直接为动力电池充电的直流电流和直流电压，并且自动识别电动汽车动力电池的类型(铅酸、锂电)、接线的正确性，确定不同的充电控制模式，控制发电机组的发电输出功率、输出的充电电压，输出端连接有交流插座和直流插座；
控制面板，与所述系统控制与管理模块连接；
DC/DC模块和蓄电池，分别与所述控制面板连接，为控制系统提供启动和工作电源；
远程通讯与GPS模块，与所述系统控制与管理模块连接，具有无线远程通讯和管理功能、支持无线定位和遥控开关功能。
可移动电源是一个整体集成模块并带手提手柄，可通过燃料加注口添加燃料并在控制面板上显示燃料状态，通过控制与管理单元控制发电机组发电输出给电动汽车车载动力电池组进行充电。
优选的，所述系统控制与管理模块与远程通讯与GPS模块通过RS232进 行通讯连接，包括接收远程控制指令如静音充电指令、系统启动/停机指令、系统锁定指令等，可更新软件下载和上传系统工作参数，输出系统监视状态参数如实际充电电压、充电电流、充电时间、充电电量、油位量、累计充电时间、累计充电电量、错误代码等。支持手机app监控充电状态，包括充电累计时间、累计充电能量、油量信息、充电异常报警功能。支持通过手机app进行预约租赁、远程查错和丢失后电源锁定功能。
优选的，所述控制与管理单元由系统管理模块和发电控制模块组成，通过系统管理模块中的控制软件协调发电控制模块控制输出直流的电流和电压，该系统管理模块还可以限制最大充电电流并对外部短路、极性接反或过压等事故提供保护。
优选的，所述系统管理模块具有可自动识别电动汽车动力电池类型的功能，例如铅酸、锂电等，自动选择适当的充电控制模式为动力电池进行充电。
优选的，所述系统管理模块具有两种控制模式，包括待机模式和工作模式。在待机模式下，远程通讯与GPS模块处于待机接收远程控制指令状态，而控制与管理单元处于省电工作模式。只有在控制面板上的电门锁位置处于RUN位置时，系统才全部供电，允许发电及充电，处于工作模式。
优选的，所述DC/DC模块和蓄电池的输入端与直流输出端连接，为控制系统提供启动和工作电源，所述DC/AC模块是被动电源直流转交流转换模块。当实际交流充电电量减少时，会导致DC/AC模块直流输入端电压上升，系统控制与管理模块会根据所检测到的直流电压对发电机组进行发电调节。
优选的，所述手提式电动汽车用可移动电源还包括燃料箱、散热风扇、手提手柄，所述燃料箱与所述直流动力装置连接，所述散热风扇安装在所述整个可移动电源的外侧。
优选的，所述直流动力装置为燃气类发电机、燃油类发电机或者醇醚类发电机。
优选的，所述直流动力装置为氢燃料电池或金属空气电池。
优选的，所述控制面板具有多个控制旋钮和触摸控制屏，可选择多种直流充电输出电压，可选择电池类型、直流/交流输出，静音慢充功能。
优选的，所述控制面板可选择的直流充电输出电压为60V，72V，96V，144V，320V，360V，400V。
在本领域技术中，发电机组的电力输出经过控制与管理单元的调节后根据所设置的充电电压直接输出给动力电池充电，采用标准的恒流-恒压(CC-CV)充电模式对充电电流进行调节。在开始充电前为保证系统安全，控制与管理单元首先检测并确定可移动电源与动力电池连接正确性(避免短路或极性接反)，在检测到正确的电池电压后才会启动发电。一旦检测到充电模式设置为静音/慢充，实际充电电流降低50％，同时调低发动机的转速以减少噪音。若确定动力电池为锂电池，当充电电流小于恒流额定值10％后停止充电；如果确定动力电池为铅酸电池，则充电电流始终维持浮充电压。
本发明的有益效果是：任何纯电动汽车在出远门开车前都可以配置一台可移动电源，在电池亏电情况下可随时随地停车后给动力电池充电而不必寻找充电站或在充电站排队等候充电。车主可以通过手机app实时监视可移动电源燃料的剩余量、电池的充电状态等充电的过程。需要时，可以通过手机app查找附近待出租的可移动电源，采用租赁的模式获得而不必自己购买。
附图说明
图1是本发明可移动电源的实施案例的组成结构正面示意图。
图2是本发明可移动电源的实施案例的组成结构反面示意图。
图3是本发明控制与管理单元的的电路结构示意图。
图4是本发明的主控制软件流程图。
元件符号说明：
1、直流动力装置；2、发电控制模块；3、发电机组；4、控制面板；5、远程通讯与GPS模块；6、DC/AC模块；7、DC/DC模块；8、直流插座；9、交流插座；10、蓄电池；11、散热风扇；12、燃料箱；13、空滤；14、消音器；15、系统控制与管理模块。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
请参阅图1至图4。须知，本说明书所附图式所绘示的结构、比例、大小等，均仅用以配合说明书所揭示的内容，以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读，并非用以限定本发明可实施的限定条件，故不具技术上的实质意义，任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整，在不影响本发明所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下，均应仍落在本发明所揭示的技术内容得能涵盖的范围内。同时，本说明书中所引用的如“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“中间”及“一”等的用语，亦仅为便于叙述的明了，而非用以限定本发明可实施的范围，其相对关系的改变或调整，在无实质变更技术内容下，当亦视为本发明可实施的范畴。
如图1、图2、图3、图4所示，本发明实施例包括：
实施例1：一种手提式电动汽车用可移动电源，包括：发电机组3，所述发电机组3包括直流动力装置1、消音器14、空滤13；
系统控制与管理模块15，与所述发电机组3连接，用于对发电机组3的输出动力进行调节，输出可以直接为动力电池充电的直流电流和直流电压，并且自动识别电动汽车动力电池的类型(铅酸、锂电)、接线的正确性，确定不同的充电控制模式，控制发电机组3的发电输出功率、输出的充电电压；
控制面板4，与所述系统控制与管理模块15连接；
DC/DC模块7和蓄电池10，分别与所述控制面板4连接、与发电控制模块2的直流输出端连接，为控制系统提供启动和工作电源；
发电控制模块2的输出端通过DC/AC模块6连接有交流插座9和直流插座8，所述直流插座8可用于标准充电插头，交流插座9为标准电源输出插座。
远程通讯与GPS模块5与所述系统控制与管理模块15连接，具有无线远程通讯和管理功能、支持无线定位和遥控开关功能。
可移动电源是一个整体集成模块并带手提手柄，可通过燃料加注口为燃料箱12添加燃料并在控制面板4上显示燃料状态，通过系统控制与管理模块15控制发电机组3发电输出给电动汽车车载动力电池组进行充电。
本实施例中，所述系统控制与管理模块15和远程通讯与GPS模块5通过RS232进行通讯连接，包括接收远程控制指令如静音充电指令、系统启动/停机指令、系统锁定指令等，可更新软件下载和上传系统工作参数，输出系统监视状态参数如实际充电电压、充电电流、充电时间、充电电量、油位量、累计充电时间、累计充电电量、错误代码等。
本实施例中，该系统控制与管理模块15同时监视各传感器的实时信号状态和CAN通讯数据，包括采样来自控制面板4的充电电压选择信号、电池型号设定信号，监视实际充电电压和充电电流，采样发电机组3的温度、电机位置等信号，同时通过CAN通讯将系统错误代码、充电状态信息输出到控制面板4或接受控制面板4的部分操作信息包括静音设置密码设置好等。
本实施例中，所述系统控制与管理模块15通过远程通讯与GPS模块5可监控手机app监控充电状态，包括充电累计时间、累计充电能量、油量信息、充电异常报警功能。支持通过手机app进行预约租赁、远程查错和丢失后电源锁定功能。
本实施例中，所述直流动力装置为燃油类发电机。
实施例2：本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，所述控制与管理单元15由系统管理模块和发电控制模块2组成，通过系统管理模块中的控制软件协调发电控制模块2控制输出直流的电流和电压，该系统管理模块还可以限制最大充电电流并对外部短路、极性接反或过压等事故提供保护。
本实施例中发电控制模块2接收来自发电机组3的三相动力输出经整流后直接输出直流充电电流，通过控制发电机励磁电流对实际发电直流输出进行调节，励磁源来自目标充电动力电池。蓄电池10由DC/DC 7进行充电，在发动机启动打火过程中提供瞬态动力，并在可移动电源待机过程中提供待机供电，支持远程通讯和定位等功能。当控制面板4上的电门锁位于OFF位置时，可移动电源处于完全关闭状态；当电门锁位于ACC位置时，可移动电源处于待机状态支持远程通讯和定位；当电门锁位于RUN位置时，可移动电源才可以发电提供充电电源。
本实施例中，所述系统管理模块可自动识别电动汽车动力电池的类型，例如铅酸、锂电等，自动选择适当的充电控制模式为动力电池进行充电。
本实施例中，发动机与发电机之间采用皮带轮柔性连接，以降低振动传导。
实施例3：本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，本实施例中所述DC/DC模块7和蓄电池10的输出端与控制面板4连接，发电控制模块2的直流输出端与DC/AC模块6连接，所述DC/AC模块6是被动的直流转交流电源转换模块。
本实施例所述的交流输出DC/AC模块6是被动电源转换模块，是可选择插件。当实际交流充电电量减少时，会导致直流输入端电压上升，系统控制与管理模块15会根据所检测到的直流电压对发电机组进行发电调节。本实施例中，如果系统控制与管理模块15检测到来自远程指令或来自控制面板4的选择指令要求静音充电时，系统控制与管理模块15会将充电功率减低50％同时将发动机转速降低，达到降低噪声的目的。
实施例4：本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，本实施例中所述手提式电动汽车用可移动电源还包括燃料箱12、散热风扇11、手提手柄，所述燃料箱12与所述内燃机1连接，所述散热风扇11安装在所述整个可移动电源的外侧。
实施例5：本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，本实施例中所述直流动力装置为氢燃料电池或金属空气电池。
实施例6：本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，本实施例中所述控制面板4具有多个控制旋钮和触摸控制屏，可选择多种直流充电输出电压例如60V，72V，96V，144V，320V，360V，400V等，还能选择电池类型如铅酸、锂电池，选择直流或交流输出，选择静音慢充等功能。
实施例7：本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，本实施例中所述直流插座支持直流输出充电，具有可替换性，可满足多种标准电动汽车充电接口标准。
实施例8：本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，系统管理模块有两种控制模式，包括待机模式和工作模式。在待机模式下远程通讯与GPS模块5处于待机接收远程控制指令状态，而系统控制与管理模块15处于省电工作模式。只有在控制面板4上的电门锁位置处于RUN位置时，系统才全部供电，允许发电及充电，处于工作模式。
在工作模式下，系统管理模块时刻监视直流总线电压和电流的正确性，如果检测外部直流动力线极性接反或短路(无电压)，这确定接线错误，发出出错代码并停止工作。在正常工作开始时，系统管理模块首先进行系统初始化操作，包括设置充电电压、充电模式(锂电或铅酸)等，如果有静音充电要求，这设置充电电流为额定的50％同时降低发动机转速。发电过程是一个闭环控制过程，起始发电电流最大(恒流充电-CC)而电压随着充电持续进行不断升高，当电压升高到所设置的充电电压额定值后，闭环控制充电电 流连续下降，保持充电电压恒定(恒压充电-CV)，直至实际充电电流减小到最大额定电流的10％以下，结束充电工作，系统停机。
如上所述，本发明提供的一种手提式电动汽车用可移动电源，任何纯电动汽车在出远门开车前都可以配置一台可移动电源，在电池亏电情况下可随时随地停车后给动力电池充电而不必寻找充电站或在充电站排队等候充电，车主可以通过手机app实时监视可移动电源燃料的剩余量、电池的充电状态等充电的过程。需要时，可以通过手机app查找附近待出租的可移动电源，采用租赁的模式获得而不必自己购买。所以，本发明有效克服了现有技术中的种种缺点而具高度产业利用价值。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种手提式电动汽车用可移动电源，其特征在于，包括：
    发电机组，所述发电机组包括直流动力装置、消音器、空滤；
    系统控制与管理模块，与所述发电机组连接，用于对发电机组的输出动力进行调节，输出可以直接为动力电池充电的直流电流和直流电压，可以自动识别电动汽车动力电池的类型、接线的正确性，确定不同的充电控制模式，控制发电机组的发电输出功率、输出的充电电压，输出端连接有交流插座和直流插座；
    控制面板，与所述系统控制与管理模块连接；
    DC/DC模块和蓄电池，分别与所述控制面板连接，为控制系统提供启动和工作电源；
    远程通讯与GPS模块，与所述系统控制与管理模块连接，具有无线远程通讯和管理功能、支持无线定位和遥控开关功能。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种手提式电动汽车用可移动电源，其特征在于，所述系统控制与管理模块与远程通讯与GPS模块通过RS232进行通讯连接，包括接收远程控制指令，所述远程控制指令包括静音充电指令、系统启动/停机指令、系统锁定指令，可更新软件下载和上传系统工作参数，输出系统监视状态参数，所述系统监视状态参数包括实际充电电压、充电电流、充电时间、充电电量、油位量、累计充电时间、累计充电电量、错误代码。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种手提式电动汽车用可移动电源，其特征在于，所述控制与管理单元由系统管理模块和发电控制模块组成，通过系统管理模块中的控制软件协调发电控制模块控制输出直流的电流和电压，所述系统管理模块还可以限制最大充电电流并对外部短路、极性接反或过压事故提供保护。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种手提式电动汽车用可移动电源，其特征在于，所述系统管理模块具有可自动识别电动汽车动力电池类型的功能，自动 选择适当的充电控制模式为动力电池进行充电。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种手提式电动汽车用可移动电源，其特征在于，所述系统管理模块具有两种控制模式，包括待机模式和工作模式，在待机模式下，远程通讯与GPS模块处于待机接收远程控制指令状态，而控制与管理单元处于省电工作模式。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种手提式电动汽车用可移动电源，其特征在于，所述DC/DC模块和蓄电池为控制系统提供启动和工作电源，所述DC/AC模块是被动电源直流变交流转换模块。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种手提式电动汽车用可移动电源，其特征在于，所述手提式电动汽车用可移动电源还包括燃料箱、散热风扇、手提手柄，所述燃料箱与所述直流动力装置连接，所述散热风扇安装在所述整个可移动电源的外侧。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种手提式电动汽车用可移动电源，其特征在于，所述直流动力装置为燃气类发电机、燃油类发电机或者醇醚类发电机、或者氢燃料电池或者金属空气电池。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种手提式电动汽车用可移动电源，其特征在于，所述控制面板具有多个控制旋钮和触摸控制屏，可选择多种直流输出充电电压，可选择电池类型、直流或交流输出、静音慢充功能。
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