WO2016201899A1

WO2016201899A1 - Lateral current collector and electric vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2016201899A1
Application number: PCT/CN2015/095655
Authority: WO
Inventors: 索建国; 林平; 张彦林; 冯叶; 李军; 张海丰; 陈敏坚; 孙宁; 王秋红; 周洁; 郭瑾玉
Original assignee: 南车株洲电力机车有限公司
Priority date: 2015-06-16
Filing date: 2015-11-26
Publication date: 2016-12-22
Also published as: CN104890520A; CN104890520B; AT520873B1; AT520873A2; AT520873A5

Abstract

A lateral current collector and an electric vehicle. The lateral current collector comprises a four-link mechanism and a current collection head (5). The four-link mechanism comprises a base (1), an upper rod (2), a lower rod (3), and a pull rod (4). The current collection head (5) is disposed at an extension end of the upper rod (2). The four-link mechanism drives the current collection head (5) to have a vertical lifting stroke and a transverse movement stroke. In the vertical lifting stroke, the pull rod (4) is maintained at a fixed length. In the transverse movement stroke, the pull rod (4) has a degree of telescoping freedom. A current collection part of the current collection head (5) is located on the outer side thereof in a transverse movement direction. The current collector allows a relatively large parking position deviation to facilitate vehicle operation, and can still guarantee stable current collection in the case of shaking of a vehicle body.

Description

Lateral electrical receiver and electric vehicle

The present application claims priority to the Chinese Patent Office, the application No. 201510336485.6, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. in.

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of power receiving technology for fast charging, in particular to a power receiver for rapidly charging an electric vehicle such as an energy storage type electric bus. The invention also relates to an electric vehicle provided with the power receiver.

Background technique

With the development of society, the development concept of urban rail transit such as energy conservation and environmental protection has been continuously improved, and energy storage type electric bus vehicles have emerged. The so-called energy storage type electric bus vehicles refer to the use of super capacitors to store electric energy as power for traction. The top receiving electrical device is subjected to flow and backflow, and the passenger is quickly charged in the tens of seconds of getting on and off the platform. One charge can ensure that the energy storage electric bus is operated to the next station and then charged. The model has been used more and more.

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 . FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a power receiver of a conventional energy storage electric bus charging system; FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1 .

As shown in the figure, the power receiver of the existing energy storage type electric bus charging system can be understood as a set of four-bar linkages installed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, and the power supply rail 1' is installed on the power receiver 2' (or Directly above the electric bow). Since the rods of the four-bar linkage are fixed length and the length of the rod is set at a certain ratio, under the action of the spring or the driving force of the cylinder, the collector head 3' of the electric receiver 2' can achieve an approximate vertical lifting, and After raising a certain height vertically, it is in contact with the power supply rail 1' directly above, and the vehicle is subjected to the flow.

Such a power receiver has the same working principle as a power receiver (or pantograph) mounted on the roof of other rail transit vehicles, trackless vehicles, etc., and is more suitable for rail transit vehicles, when applied to railless vehicles, such as storage. When there is a bus, there are the following deficiencies:

First, the modern energy storage bus adopts ordinary rubber wheels and has no track-oriented operation. The parking error of the passengers is large, and the lateral deviation distance of the parking spaces allowed by the above-mentioned electrical appliances is only About 200mm, the technical requirements for the passengers are higher. Each charging puts higher requirements on the parking position and parking angle when the vehicle enters the station. It is difficult to meet the requirements of the site use, which is not only conducive to the operation convenience of the vehicle. It also causes the vehicle to be unstable in charging.

Secondly, due to the use of the vehicle to enter the station, the power receiver rises in contact with the power rail directly above to provide kinetic energy to the vehicle. When the passenger gets on and off the vehicle, the vehicle body sway will cause the power receiver installed on the roof to shake together. The upper collector head will sway on the power rail, increasing the contact resistance and easily causing the flow problem.

Third, in order to ensure that the collector head can be in contact with the power supply rail after being raised, the collector head is usually designed to grow in the form of a skateboard, and an excessively long collector head may cause structural instability.

Fourth, after the electrical appliance is dropped, it will occupy a large space on the top of the vehicle and affect the layout of other equipment such as the roof escape door.

Therefore, how to increase the parking position deviation distance allowed by the power receiver to facilitate the operation of the vehicle and improve the stability of the flow is a technical problem that a person skilled in the art needs to solve.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a lateral power receiver. The power receiver allows a large deviation distance of the parking position, which is convenient for the vehicle to operate, and can ensure stable flow under the condition that the vehicle body is shaken, and has the advantages of stable structure and small occupied space.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle provided with the lateral power receiver.

In order to achieve the above first object, the present invention provides a lateral power receiver including a four-bar linkage mechanism and a current collecting head, the four-bar linkage mechanism including a base, an upper rod, a lower rod and a tie rod, and the current collecting head is provided The four-bar linkage mechanism drives the current collecting head to have a vertical lifting stroke and a lateral movement stroke. During the vertical lifting stroke, the pulling rod maintains a fixed length, and the lateral movement stroke is within the vertical movement stroke. The pull rod has a degree of freedom of expansion and contraction, and the flow receiving portion of the current collecting head is located outside thereof in the lateral movement direction.

Preferably, the pull rod is a telescopic pull rod or an elastic pull rod, the fixed end thereof is hinged with the base, and the telescopic end is hinged with the upper rod.

Preferably, the telescopic pull rod is a telescopic pull rod provided with a pre-pressure.

Preferably, the telescopic pull rod is a cylinder provided with a pre-pressure.

Preferably, the pull rod is provided with a telescopic control mechanism.

Preferably, the telescopic control mechanism releases the pull rod to enable expansion and contraction when the current collecting head changes from a vertical lifting movement to a lateral outward movement, and the collecting head changes from a lateral inward movement to a vertical direction. The lever is locked to maintain a fixed length during the lowering motion.

Preferably, the telescopic control mechanism comprises:

a fixed pulley disposed at a lower end of the pull rod;

a fixed pulley set, disposed on a rotating shaft at a lower end of the lower rod;

a movable pulley block mounted to the base by a moving mechanism;

a wire rope, which is wound around the fixed pulley block and the movable pulley block, and one end of which is connected to the hinged end of the upper rod and the pull rod or the telescopic end of the pull rod, and the other end is connected to the base;

a cam coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft of the lower end of the lower rod, which supports the movable pulley block and drives the movable pulley block to tighten or loosen the wire rope when rotating.

Preferably, one side of the movable pulley block is provided with a coaxial driven wheel, and the cam is engaged with the driven wheel.

Preferably, a buffer spring is disposed between the movable pulley block and the base.

Preferably, the movable pulley block is swingably mounted to the base by a swing bracket.

Preferably, the plurality of electrodes of the current collecting head are distributed in parallel in a manner of being spaced apart from the outside.

In order to achieve the above second object, the present invention provides an electric vehicle including a vehicle body, an electric drive system, and a charging system, the charging system being provided with a power receiver, wherein the power receiver is the lateral power receiver of any of the above The lateral power receiver is mounted to the roof perpendicular to the length of the vehicle body.

The invention designs the pull rod in the four-bar linkage mechanism of the electric appliance as a retractable structure, and at the same time designs the current receiving portion of the current collecting head on the outer façade, thereby forming a lateral electric receiver that receives power in the side direction, when working, The power supply rail is installed in the side orientation of the power receiver, and the movement of the collector head is decomposed into the vertical trajectory movement of the vertical lifting and the lateral movement by the length change of the pulling rod during the movement, and the collecting head first rises vertically to a certain height. (>1500mm), with the cooperation of the longitudinal degree of freedom limiting mechanism, it can continue to move horizontally to a certain distance (>600mm) until it is in contact with the power supply rail to achieve the power receiving function. The rod stays fixed length during the vertical lifting of the collector head. The drawbar is approximately linearly elongated during the horizontal movement of the collector head, and since the collector head has a long-distance horizontal motion function, It can increase the allowable parking position deviation distance, facilitate vehicle operation and improve the stability of the flow, and is especially suitable for modern energy storage electric buses.

The electric vehicle provided by the present invention is provided with the above-mentioned lateral power receiver. Since the lateral power receiver has the above technical effects, the electric vehicle provided with the lateral power receiver should also have corresponding technical effects.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural view of a power receiver of a conventional energy storage type electric bus charging system;

Figure 2 is a side view of Figure 1;

3 is a schematic diagram of the design of a lateral power receiver provided by the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural view of a specific embodiment of a lateral power receiver according to the present invention;

Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of the fixed pulley block and the movable pulley block portion of Figure 4;

Fig. 6 is a reference view showing the state of use of the lateral power receiver shown in Fig. 4.

Figure 1, Figure 2:

Power supply rail 1' power receiver 2' collector head 3'

In Figures 3 to 6:

1. Base 2. Upper rod 3. Lower rod 4. Pull rod 5. Collecting head 6. Wire rope 7. Fixed pulley 8. Fixed pulley group 9. Moving pulley group 10. Cam 11. Swing frame 12. Rotary shaft 13. Follower wheel 14. Buffer spring 15. Power supply rail 16. Guide plate 17. Body 18. Cylinder 19. Spring

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

The terms upper, lower, inner and outer are used to establish the positional relationship based on the position shown in the drawing. Depending on the drawing, the corresponding positional relationship may change accordingly. Therefore, it cannot be understood as Absolute limits on the scope of protection.

Please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the design of the lateral power receiver according to the present invention; FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a specific embodiment of the lateral power receiver according to the present invention.

In a specific embodiment, the lateral power receiver provided by the present invention is mainly composed of a base 1, an upper rod 2, a lower rod 3, a tie rod 4, a collector head 5, and the like, wherein the base 1, the upper rod 2, and the lower rod 3 And the pull rod 4 forms a four-bar linkage mechanism for driving the movement of the collector head 5, the lower end of the lower rod 3 is hinged to the base 1 through the rotating shaft, the upper end is hinged with the upper rod 2, and the lower end of the pull rod 4 is hinged with the base 1, the upper end and the upper end The arm of the tail end of the rod 2 is hinged, and the upper rod 2 is designed such that the outwardly extending end is narrower, and the other end has a wider "V" shaped frame structure, which is therefore also referred to as the upper frame.

The pull rod 4 is a telescopic pull rod. Here, a cylinder with a pre-pressure is used, the lower end of the cylinder body is hinged with the base 1, the upper end of the piston rod is hinged with the upper rod 2, and the collector head 5 is mounted on the upper rod 2 by a universal bearing. At the epitaxial end, the current receiving portion of the current collecting head 5 is located outside the lateral movement direction thereof, and the plurality of electrodes for the flow are distributed in parallel on the outer surface in a manner of being spaced upward and downward.

Please refer to FIG. 5 together. FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of the fixed pulley block and the movable pulley block portion of FIG.

The pull rod 4 is provided with a telescopic control mechanism for releasing the pull rod 4 to be stretched and contracted when the current collecting head 5 is changed from the vertical lifting motion to the lateral outward moving motion, and is converted from the lateral inward moving motion to the vertical lowering in the collecting head 5. The lever 4 is locked during movement to maintain a fixed length.

Specifically, the telescopic control mechanism is mainly composed of a wire rope 6, a fixed pulley 7, a fixed pulley block 8, a movable pulley block 9, and a cam 10, wherein the fixed sliding 7 wheel is installed near the lower end of the tie rod 4, and the fixed pulley group 8 is mounted on the lower rod. On the lower end of the rotating shaft, the movable pulley block 9 is mounted on the base 1 through a "Y"-shaped swinging frame 11, the lower end of the swinging frame 11 is hinged to the base 1, and the movable pulley block 9 is located in the notch of the upper end thereof, and one end of the wire rope 6 is connected The upper rod 2 and the outer side of the hinge shaft of the pull rod 4 are connected to the base 1 , and are alternately wound around the fixed pulley set 8 and the movable pulley set 9 after passing around the fixed pulley 7 , and the wire rope 6 above the fixed pulley 7 is parallel with the pull rod 4 to Ensure that the tension of the wire rope is consistent with the direction of the force of the tie rod, so that the force form is more reasonable.

The cam 10 is used to adjust the position of the movable pulley block 9 through the cam surface when rotating, and is coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft 12 at the lower end of the lower rod 3. One side of the movable pulley group 9 is provided with a coaxial driven wheel 13, the cam 10 and the driven wheel. The 13-phase meshing, the driven wheel 13 of the movable pulley block 9 is supported on the cam 10, and the cam 10 can drive the movable pulley block 9 to tighten or loosen the wire rope 6 as it rotates together with the rotating shaft 12.

The function of the driven wheel 13 is to avoid dry friction when the cam 10 pushes the moving pulley block 9 to move. If the driven wheel 13 is not designed, it is also possible to directly drive the movable pulley block 9 by the cam 10.

In order to prevent the cam 10 from loosening the wire rope 6, the wire rope 6 is instantaneously released to cause a large impact, A buffer spring 14 is provided between the movable pulley block 9 side and the base 1.

Please refer to FIG. 6. FIG. 6 is a reference diagram of the state of use of the lateral power receiver shown in FIG.

As shown in the figure, in actual use, the power supply device is installed at the charging location, usually a bus stop, and the power supply rail 15 is vertically installed at the side above the vehicle, and the multiple power supply rails 15 are vertically spaced apart and arranged in parallel. Consistent with the arrangement of the electrodes of the collector head 5, the length of each of the power supply rails 15 is greater than the length of the electrodes of the collector head 5, so that the collector head 5 can be in contact with the power supply rail 15 in a large area before and after the vehicle enters the station. The width of each of the power supply rails 15 may be slightly wider than the width of the electrodes of the collector head 5 to improve the stability of the flow, and the guide plates 16 (or the guide rails) are horizontally mounted above the power supply rails 15 in a manner perpendicular to the plane of the power supply rails. It is used to limit the longitudinal freedom of the collector head 5 after it is raised to a certain height, so that it does not continue to move upwards, but instead moves outwards laterally, specifically, a flat steel plate or the like can be used, and the lateral power receiver is perpendicular to The vehicle body 17 is mounted on the roof in the longitudinal direction, and the lifting plane of the four-bar linkage mechanism and the lateral movement direction of the collector head are perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body 17.

When the vehicle enters the station and the power collector collector head 5 needs to be in contact with the power supply rail 15, the cylinder 18 and the spring 19 cooperate to rotate the rotating shaft 12, and since the convex portion of the cam 10 meshes with the driven wheel 13 of the movable pulley block 9, The rotating shaft 12 does not move within a certain angle of starting to rotate (for example, 0 to 30 degrees), the length of the wire rope 6 is fixed, the air pressure always exists in the cylinder of the pulling rod 4, and the pulling force of the steel wire rope 6 to the cylinder is greater than the cylinder pressure, the cylinder length Keeping unchanged, the collector head 5 rises in an approximately vertical manner in a vertical plane perpendicular to the length of the vehicle body.

When the collector head 5 is raised to a height of about 1500 mm, the anti-friction roller at the top thereof is supported on the lower surface of the guide plate 16, and at this time, the rotation axis 12 drives the cam 10 to rotate at an angle greater than 30 degrees, and the cam 10 is non-embossed. The portion starts to mesh with the driven wheel 13 of the movable pulley block 9, and under the pulling force of the wire rope 6, the movable pulley block 9 swings together with the swing frame 11 toward the fixed pulley block, so that the wire rope 6 is released, and the wire rope 6 is released due to the length of the wire rope 6. The pulling force of the cylinder is eliminated, and the cylinder is linearly extended under the action of air pressure to realize the function of the telescopic rod. At this time, the collector head 5 is no longer raised under the restriction of the guide plate 16, and the tie rod 4 automatically changes its length. The collector head 5 can laterally move 0 to 700 mm to the outside in a vertical plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. Until the power supply rail 15 is in contact with the power supply device, after the charging is completed, the power receiver can be retracted to the folded state by performing the reverse action. During the retracting process, when the collector head 5 is lowered, the cylinder pre-pressure can be The lever is automatically retracted.

Since the fixed pulley group 8 and the movable pulley group 9 are reciprocally wound with a plurality of turns of the steel wire rope, according to the stroke amplification principle of the movable pulley, the amplification factor is related to the number of the fixed pulley and the movable pulley. If the amplification factor is N, the moving pulley group 9 is fixed to the fixed pulley group. 8 After moving a distance L, the length of the wire rope that can be released is L×N, so that the movable pulley block 9 can only release or retract a sufficiently long wire rope to meet the needs of the extension and retraction of the tie rod 4.

Of course, the movable pulley block 9 can be mounted on the base 1 by using a swinging mechanism 11 or the like, and can be mounted on the base 1 by other moving mechanisms such as a linear motion mechanism. For example, the two ends of the movable pulley block 9 are mounted on the slide rails. It can move on the slide rail under the action of the wire rope 6 pulling force and the cam 10, and the function of releasing and retracting the wire rope 6 can be realized, that is, regardless of how the movable pulley block 9 is installed, it is only required to be able to move away from and close to the fixed pulley block 8.

In addition to the cylinders, the tie rods 4 can also be designed in other forms, such as elastic pull rods. Specifically, the elastic pull rod may be formed by a physical pull rod and a spring butt joint. The solid pull rod is located at the lower end and is hinged to the base. The spring is located at the upper end and is hinged to the upper rod. The size of the spring can be received by the pull rod according to the rise of the collector head. The force is determined to ensure that the length of the spring does not change during the vertical lifting stroke, and the spring can be expanded and contracted during the lateral movement stroke. In this way, the joint of the spring can be controlled mainly by the force value calculation, so that it is not necessary to provide the telescopic control mechanism for the drawbar, which is a relatively simple embodiment of the present invention.

As another form of the tie rod 4, it can be composed of two rod segments which are combined by a telescopic structure, a spring is arranged between the two rod segments, and a pre-pressure is obtained by the spring, and the function similar to the cylinder rod can also be realized.

For the tie rod that needs to be provided with the telescopic control mechanism, the lever telescopic control mechanism can adopt the following form in addition to the above-mentioned structure of the wire rope-pulley-cam.

One is electrification control, which can be used to lock or unlock the telescopic function of the cylinder rod by inserting or withdrawing the lock pin between the cylinder block and the piston rod. The lock pin is controlled by a small motor, cylinder or electromagnetic mechanism to control the lock pin. The action timing can be installed on the four-bar linkage mechanism or the travel switch. When the collector head 5 is raised to a certain height, the angle sensor outputs an angle signal, controls the lock pin to operate, or is operated by a four-bar linkage mechanism. The lever triggers the travel switch to control the lock pin to operate.

The other is mechanized control. Since the relative position between the rods is always changing during the lifting process, the angle of the upper rod relative to the rod 4 can be used to control the rod 4 The timing of the retraction.

For example, the telescopic function of the cylinder rod is locked or unlocked by inserting or withdrawing the lock pin between the cylinder block and the piston rod, and the difference from the above electrification control method is that the mechanization mode is triggered on the upper rod 2 The block or the trigger plate is directly matched with the lock pin or connected to the lock pin through the transmission mechanism. When the collector head 5 is raised to a certain height, the trigger block or the trigger plate can drive the pin axially directly or through the transmission mechanism. Exiting, thereby unlocking the cylinder and the piston rod, when the collecting head 5 needs to be lowered, the trigger block or the triggering plate can move the pin axially directly or directly through the transmission mechanism, thereby relocking the cylinder and the piston rod.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only a few preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not limited thereto. On this basis, targeted adjustments can be made according to actual needs, thereby obtaining different implementation manners. For example, the above embodiment realizes the scalability of the pull rod by using the rotation of the rotating shaft when the power receiver rotates, and in addition, the motor (control worm, screw, gear, etc.), cylinder, etc. can be used as the driving method to realize the scalability of the pull rod. and many more. Since there are many ways to implement, there is no longer an example here.

In addition to the above-mentioned lateral power receiver, the present invention also provides an electric vehicle including a vehicle body, an electric drive system, and a charging system. The charging system is provided with a power receiver, and the power receiver is a lateral power receiver as described above, and is laterally affected. The electric appliance is mounted on the roof perpendicular to the length of the vehicle body, that is, the lifting plane of the four-bar linkage of the lateral power receiver and the lateral movement direction of the collector head are perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. For the rest of the structure, please refer to the prior art. Let me repeat.

The lateral power receiver and electric vehicle provided by the present invention have been described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of understanding the core concepts of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

A lateral power receiver includes a four-bar linkage mechanism and a collector head (5), the four-bar linkage mechanism including a base (1), an upper rod (2), a lower rod (3), and a pull rod (4). The collector head (5) is disposed at an extension end of the upper rod (2), wherein the four-bar linkage mechanism drives the current collecting head (5) to have a vertical lifting stroke and a lateral movement stroke, in a vertical direction The pull rod (4) maintains a fixed length during the lifting stroke, and the pull rod (4) has a telescopic degree of freedom during the lateral movement stroke, and the current receiving portion of the collecting head (5) is located in the lateral movement direction Outside.
The lateral power receiver according to claim 1, wherein the pull rod (4) is a telescopic pull rod, the fixed end of which is hinged with the base (1), the telescopic end and the upper rod (2) Articulated.
The lateral power receiver according to claim 2, wherein the telescopic pull rod is a telescopic pull rod provided with a pre-pressure.
The lateral power receiver according to claim 3, wherein the telescopic pull rod is a cylinder provided with a pre-pressure.
The lateral power receiver according to claim 2, wherein the drawbar is provided with a telescopic control mechanism.
The lateral power receiver according to claim 5, wherein said telescopic control mechanism releases said lever (4) when said current collecting head (5) is changed from a vertical lifting motion to a lateral outward movement It is capable of telescoping, locking the drawbar (4) to maintain its length when the collector head (5) transitions from a lateral inward motion to a vertical downward motion.
The lateral power receiver according to claim 6, wherein the telescopic control mechanism comprises:

a fixed pulley (7) disposed at a lower end of the pull rod (4);

a fixed pulley block (8) disposed on the rotating shaft (12) at the lower end of the lower rod (3);

a movable pulley block (9) is mounted to the base (1) by a moving mechanism;

a wire rope (6), which is wound around the fixed pulley (8) and alternately wound around the fixed pulley block (8) and the movable pulley block (9), one end of which is connected to the hinge end of the upper rod (2) and the pull rod (4) Or the telescopic end of the tie rod (4), the other end is connected to the base (1);

a cam (10) coaxially fixed to a rotating shaft (12) at a lower end of the lower rod (3), which supports the movable pulley block (9) and drives the movable pulley block (9) to tighten or relax when rotated Steel Wire rope (6).
The lateral power receiver according to claim 7, characterized in that one side of the movable pulley block (9) is provided with a coaxial driven wheel (13), the cam (10) and the driven wheel (13). ) meshing.
The lateral power receiver according to claim 8, characterized in that a buffer spring (14) is provided between the movable pulley block (9) and the base (1).
The lateral power receiver according to claim 9, characterized in that the movable pulley block (9) is swingably mounted to the base (1) by a swing frame (11).
The lateral power receiver according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the plurality of electrodes of the current collecting head (5) are distributed in parallel in a manner in which the outer side of the current collecting head (5) is spaced apart from above.
An electric vehicle includes a vehicle body (7), an electric drive system, and a charging system, the charging system being provided with a power receiver, wherein the power receiver is the lateral direction according to any one of claims 1 to The power receiver is mounted on the roof of the vehicle in a longitudinal direction perpendicular to the body (7).