WO2016197312A1 - 像素索引的编码方法、装置以及图像处理设备 - Google Patents

像素索引的编码方法、装置以及图像处理设备 Download PDF

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WO2016197312A1
WO2016197312A1 PCT/CN2015/081032 CN2015081032W WO2016197312A1 WO 2016197312 A1 WO2016197312 A1 WO 2016197312A1 CN 2015081032 W CN2015081032 W CN 2015081032W WO 2016197312 A1 WO2016197312 A1 WO 2016197312A1
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pixel
encoding
index
encoded
bitstream
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French (fr)
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朱建清
王争
数井君彦
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Fujitsu Ltd
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Fujitsu Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/157—Assigned coding mode, i.e. the coding mode being predefined or preselected to be further used for selection of another element or parameter

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  • the present invention relates to the field of graphic image technology, and in particular, to a pixel index encoding method, apparatus, and image processing apparatus.
  • Palette-based coding is widely used in graphic image technology (especially video coding technology).
  • a coding unit for the image area to be encoded, for example, a coding unit (CU), including a plurality of pixels having color values (for example, RGB mode, having 24 bits of true color); in order to reduce the storage bits
  • the storage capacity of the image image which can usually point the pixel to the data index of the palette.
  • the color value of each output pixel can be determined by looking up a palette with a corresponding data index.
  • the palette is a set of pixel values. For pixels whose pixel values are in the palette, only the pixel index corresponding to the pixel value in the palette is used. Thereby, only the palette and the index corresponding to the pixels in the coding unit can be bit-stream encoded, and the bit cost of the coding can be reduced.
  • an index copy run can be employed when performing bit stream encoding.
  • the palette copy type identifier (palette_run_type_flag) is COPY_LEFT_MODE, and the pixel value of one pixel is the same as the pixel value of the left pixel, the copy left mode may be used to generate the pixel index, the copy type, and The copy information of the copy value;
  • the palette copy type identifier (palette_run_type_flag) is COPY_ABOVE_MODE, in the case where the pixel value of one pixel is the same as the pixel value of the upper pixel, the copy above mode may be used to generate the copy type. And copy information of the copied value.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, an apparatus, and an image processing apparatus for encoding a pixel index. Further reduce the bit cost of the encoding.
  • a method for encoding a pixel index includes:
  • the plurality of pixel indices are bitstream encoded; wherein the last pixel index is not bitstream encoded if the last pixel index first appears.
  • an apparatus for encoding a pixel index comprising:
  • a palette determining unit that determines a palette corresponding to an image region to be encoded
  • a pixel index determining unit based on the palette, determining a plurality of pixel indexes that the image region to be encoded needs to be encoded;
  • bitstream encoding unit that performs bitstream encoding on the plurality of pixel indexes; wherein the last pixel index is not bitstream encoded if the last pixel index first appears.
  • an image processing apparatus including:
  • An image encoder that determines a palette corresponding to an image region to be encoded; determines a plurality of pixel indexes that need to be encoded by the image region to be encoded based on the palette; and performs bitstream processing on the plurality of pixel indexes Encoding; wherein the last pixel index is not bitstream encoded if the last pixel index first appears;
  • An image decoder determining a palette of the image area to be decoded and a number of pixel indexes that need to be decoded; determining whether the last pixel index first appears according to the number of the color palette and the pixel index; The last pixel index is obtained based on a known pixel index in the case where the last pixel index first appears; the last pixel index is obtained from the bit stream if the last pixel index is not first present.
  • a computer readable program is provided, wherein when image processing When the program is executed in the device, the program causes the computer to execute the encoding method of the pixel index as described above in the image processing device.
  • a storage medium storing a computer readable program, wherein the computer readable program causes a computer to perform an encoding method of a pixel index as described above in an image processing device.
  • An advantageous effect of the embodiment of the present invention is that a plurality of pixel indexes that need to be encoded in the image region to be encoded are bit-stream encoded, wherein the last pixel index is not bit-stream encoded in the case where the last pixel index first appears. Thereby, it is not necessary to encode all the pixel indexes in the copy information, and the bit cost of encoding can be further reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an example of a coding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2 is a schematic diagram of current bitstream coding
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for encoding a pixel index according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another example of a coding unit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an encoding apparatus for a pixel index according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a method for decoding a pixel index according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is another schematic diagram of a method for decoding a pixel index according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a pixel index decoding apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an image processing apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a coding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a case of a coding unit (CU).
  • the coding unit has 8 x 8 pixels; wherein the 8 x 8 pixels have different 7 pixel values (representing different colors).
  • pixels having the same pixel value in FIG. 1 use the same symbol to represent pixel values, for example, C0, C1, ..., C6 are used to represent different pixel values.
  • Table 1 shows the palette determined by the CU shown in Fig. 1.
  • the index copy information generated according to the palette may be as shown in Table 2 below.
  • Table 2 shows the index run information of the CU shown in Fig. 1 which is formed based on the palette of Table 1.
  • bit stream encoding may be performed. For example, for Left (0, 31), pixel index 0, copy type Left (for example, represented by 0), and copy value 31 may be encoded; (3) The copy type Above (for example, indicated by 1) and the copy value of 3 can be encoded.
  • palette related information for example, palette entry related
  • palette index bitmap may be sequentially used.
  • Information such as a palette index map, is used for bitstream encoding.
  • the palette index bitmap information first encode the number of index (number of index), and then edit the pixel index (index)
  • the code is encoded interleaved with a run type and a run value, and then pixels in a non-palette mode (e.g., escape mode) can be encoded.
  • a non-palette mode e.g., escape mode
  • all pixel indexes need to be indexed (for example, for the information shown in Table 2, 11 pixel indexes need to be "0", “2", “3”, “1", “ 2", “1”, “4", “5", “6", “1”, “2”) perform bitstream encoding, and currently the number of pixel indexes that need to be encoded (for example, 11 shown in Table 2)
  • the bitstream encoding can be explicitly performed (such as shown in Figure 2) or implicitly derived from other information, thereby eliminating the need for bitstream encoding of all pixel indices.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for encoding a pixel index according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the encoding method includes:
  • Step 301 determining a color palette corresponding to an image area to be encoded
  • Step 302 Determine, according to the palette, a plurality of pixel indexes that need to be encoded in the image area to be encoded;
  • Step 303 Perform bitstream encoding on the plurality of pixel indexes; wherein the last pixel index is not bitstream encoded if the last pixel index first appears.
  • the image area to be encoded may be a coding unit CU or a maximum coding unit LCU (Largest Coding Unit); the following uses CU as an example for description.
  • LCU Large Coding Unit
  • the embodiment of the present invention is applicable to the case of adopting the palette mode, and the embodiment of the present invention is equally applicable to the case of mixing the palette mode and the non-palette mode (for example, the ease mode).
  • bit stream encoding of the palette, the copy type (run_type), the copy value, and the like in the image region to be encoded may be implemented by any one of the prior art, and the present invention does not limit the present invention. . How to encode the pixel index is schematically illustrated below.
  • the CU shown in FIG. 1 is taken as an example for description. As shown above, among the 11 pixel indexes that need to be encoded, the last pixel index is "2", and the pixel index has already appeared before, so the 11 pixel index needs to be encoded.
  • the CU shown in FIG. 4 is taken as an example for description.
  • 4 is a schematic diagram of another example of a coding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a case of another CU.
  • the palette corresponding to the CU is still as shown in Table 1.
  • Table 3 shows the index run information of the CU shown in FIG. 4 formed based on the palette of Table 1.
  • the decoder can obtain the number of encoded pixel indexes (for example, "9” above) explicitly or implicitly, and further obtain the above-mentioned encoded pixel index (for example, the first 8 pixels) from the bit stream.
  • the last pixel index can be determined (for example from "9” and " 8" These two numbers can be determined to be the last pixel index) have not yet appeared (for example, from the palette information can determine the pixel index is 0 to 6), then the last pixel index can be directly determined based on the known pixel index (for example) It is "6").
  • the number of the plurality of pixel indexes is n, and before the bitstream encoding the plurality of pixel indexes, the encoding method further includes: counting the number of the plurality of pixel indexes Perform bitstream encoding.
  • the performing bitstream coding on the plurality of pixel indexes may include: performing bitstream encoding on the first n-1 pixel indexes; and, in the case that the last pixel index has occurred, the last pixel The index performs bitstream encoding.
  • Table 4 schematically shows the pseudo code of the present embodiment. As shown in Table 4,
  • the number of the plurality of pixel indexes is n
  • the encoding method further includes: counting the number of the plurality of pixels n performs bitstream encoding.
  • the performing bitstream encoding on the multiple pixel indexes may include: for a certain pixel index in the n pixel indexes, where the certain pixel index is not the last pixel index or the certain pixel index has been In the case where it has occurred, the pixel index is bitstream encoded.
  • encoding can be performed in the following order: num_palette_indices_idc (ie, multiple The number of pixel indexes n), then run type and run value information, and then palette_index_idc (that is, the pixel index that needs to be encoded).
  • Table 5 schematically shows the pseudo code of the present embodiment. As shown in Table 5,
  • the encoding method further includes: performing bitstream encoding on n-1; and indicating that the last pixel index is encoded The information is bitstream encoded.
  • num_palette_indices_idc_minus_1 may be used to indicate n-1, and further, last_palette_indices_present_flag may be used to indicate whether the last pixel index is encoded.
  • the number of pixel indexes that need to be encoded, NumPaletteIndices, and the above two identifiers satisfy, for example, the following relationship:
  • Table 6 schematically shows the pseudo code of the present embodiment. As shown in Table 6,
  • Tables 4 to 6 only show some embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and may be adjusted or changed according to actual conditions, and may be determined according to actual scenarios. Implementation.
  • the plurality of pixel indexes that need to be encoded in the image region to be encoded are bitstream encoded, wherein the last pixel index is not bitstream encoded if the last pixel index first appears.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides an encoding apparatus for a pixel index, which corresponds to the encoding method of the pixel index in Embodiment 1, and the same content is not described herein again.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for encoding a pixel index according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the encoding apparatus 500 includes:
  • a palette determining unit 501 determining a palette corresponding to an image region to be encoded
  • a pixel index determining unit 502 based on the palette, determining a plurality of pixel indexes that the image area to be encoded needs to be encoded;
  • the bitstream encoding unit 503 performs bitstream encoding on the plurality of pixel indexes; wherein the last pixel index is not bitstream encoded if the last pixel index first appears.
  • the bitstream encoding unit 503 is further configured to perform bitstream encoding on the number n of the plurality of pixel indexes.
  • the bitstream encoding unit 503 is specifically configured to: use the first n-1 pixels to The bitstream encoding is performed; and in the case where the last pixel index has occurred, the last pixel index is bitstream encoded.
  • bitstream encoding unit 503 is further configured to perform bitstream encoding on the number n of the plurality of pixel indexes.
  • the bitstream encoding unit 503 is specifically configured to: for a certain pixel index in the n pixel indexes, where the certain pixel index is not the last pixel index or the certain pixel index has appeared In the case, the one pixel index is bitstream encoded.
  • bitstream encoding unit 503 is specifically configured to: perform bitstream encoding on n-1, the number of the plurality of pixel indexes is n; and indicate whether the last pixel index is performed.
  • the encoded indication information is subjected to bit stream coding.
  • the plurality of pixel indexes that need to be encoded in the image region to be encoded are bitstream encoded, wherein the last pixel index is not bitstream encoded if the last pixel index first appears.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for decoding a pixel index, which corresponds to the encoding method of the pixel index in Embodiment 1.
  • the embodiment of the present invention performs decoding accordingly, and the same content is not described again.
  • any one of the related methods may be employed, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a method for decoding a pixel index according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the decoding method includes:
  • Step 601 Determine a color palette of an image area to be decoded and a number of pixel indexes that need to be decoded;
  • Step 602 Determine, according to the color palette and the number of the pixel indexes, whether the last pixel index first appears;
  • Step 602 in the case that the last pixel index first appears, obtain the last pixel index based on a known pixel index; and obtain the current bit index from the bit stream if the last pixel index is not first.
  • the last pixel index in the case that the last pixel index first appears, obtain the last pixel index based on a known pixel index; and obtain the current bit index from the bit stream if the last pixel index is not first. The last pixel index.
  • FIG. 7 is another schematic diagram of a method for decoding a pixel index according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, the decoding method includes:
  • Step 701 determining a color palette of an image area to be decoded
  • Step 702 determining the number of pixel indexes that need to be decoded
  • the information of the palette may be obtained by decoding the bit stream; the number of pixel indexes that need to be decoded may be explicitly obtained from decoding the bit stream, or may be derived from other information. Obtained.
  • Step 703 Determine, according to the number of the pixel index and the number of decoded pixel indexes, whether the current pixel index is the last pixel index; if not, perform step 704, and execute the step if it is the last pixel index. 705.
  • Step 704 Obtain the pixel index from a bitstream.
  • step 703 may be continued to obtain the next pixel index.
  • Step 705 it is determined whether the last pixel index has occurred; in the case of occurrence, step 706 is performed, if not, step 707 is performed;
  • Step 706 Obtain the last pixel index from the bitstream.
  • Step 707 Obtain the last pixel index based on a known pixel index.
  • FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 only show some embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and may also correspond to the encoding methods shown in Tables 4 to 6, for example.
  • the method of image decoding is not limited thereto, and may also correspond to the encoding methods shown in Tables 4 to 6, for example. The method of image decoding.
  • the plurality of pixel indexes that need to be encoded in the image region to be encoded are bitstream encoded, wherein the last pixel index is not bitstream encoded if the last pixel index first appears.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a decoding apparatus for a pixel index, which corresponds to the decoding method of the pixel index in Embodiment 3, and the same content is not described herein again.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a pixel index decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, the image decoding apparatus 800 includes:
  • the information determining unit 801 determines a palette of the image area to be decoded and a number of pixel indexes that need to be decoded;
  • the index determining unit 802 determines whether the last pixel index first appears according to the color palette and the number of the pixel indexes;
  • the index obtaining unit 803 obtains the last pixel index based on a known pixel index in the case where the last pixel index first appears; in the case of the last pixel index not first appearing, from the bit stream Obtain the last pixel index.
  • the plurality of pixel indexes that need to be encoded in the image region to be encoded are bitstream encoded, wherein the last pixel index is not bitstream encoded if the last pixel index first appears.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an image processing apparatus, including: the encoding apparatus according to Embodiment 2 and/or the decoding apparatus as described in Embodiment 4.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an image processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image processing apparatus 900 may include a central processing unit (CPU) 100 and a memory 110; the memory 110 is coupled to the central processing unit 100.
  • the memory 110 can store various data; in addition, a program for information processing is stored, and the program is executed under the control of the central processing unit 100.
  • the functionality of encoding device 500 may be integrated into central processor 100.
  • the central processing unit 100 can be configured to implement the encoding method as described in Embodiment 1.
  • the functionality of the decoding device 800 can also be integrated into the central processor 100.
  • the central processing unit 100 can be configured to implement the decoding method as described in Embodiment 3.
  • the encoding device 500 and/or the decoding device 800 can be configured separately from the central processing unit.
  • the encoding device 500 and/or the decoding device 800 can be configured as a chip connected to the central processing unit 100 through central processing. The control of the device implements the functions of the encoding device 500 and/or the decoding device 800.
  • the image processing apparatus 900 may further include: an input and output unit 120, a display unit 130, and the like; wherein the functions of the above components are similar to those of the prior art, and details are not described herein again. It is to be noted that the image processing apparatus 900 does not necessarily have to include all of the components shown in FIG. 9; in addition, the image processing apparatus 900 may further include components not shown in FIG. 9, and reference may be made to the related art.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer readable program, wherein when the process is performed in an image processing device In the sequence, the program causes the computer to execute the encoding method as described in Embodiment 1 and/or the decoding method as described in Embodiment 3 in the image processing apparatus.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage medium storing a computer readable program, wherein the computer readable program causes a computer to execute the encoding method as described in Embodiment 1 in an image processing apparatus and/or as in Embodiment 3 The decoding method described.
  • the above apparatus and method of the present invention may be implemented by hardware or by hardware in combination with software.
  • the present invention relates to a computer readable program that, when executed by a logic component, enables the logic component to implement the apparatus or components described above, or to cause the logic component to implement the various methods described above Or steps.
  • the present invention also relates to a storage medium for storing the above program, such as a hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a DVD, a flash memory, or the like.
  • One or more of the functional blocks described in the figures and/or one or more combinations of functional blocks may be implemented as a general purpose processor, digital signal processor (DSP) for performing the functions described herein.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • One or more of the functional blocks described with respect to the figures and/or one or more combinations of functional blocks may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, eg, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors One or more microprocessors in conjunction with DSP communication or any other such configuration.

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Abstract

一种像素索引的编码方法、装置以及图像处理设备。所述编码方法包括：确定对应于待编码图像区域的调色板；基于所述调色板确定所述待编码图像区域所需要进行编码的多个像素索引；将所述多个像素索引进行比特流编码；其中在最后一个像素索引首次出现的情况下不对所述最后一个像素索引进行比特流编码。由此，无需将拷贝信息中的全部像素索引进行编码，可以进一步降低编码的比特代价。

Description

像素索引的编码方法、装置以及图像处理设备 技术领域
本发明涉及一种图形图像技术领域，特别涉及一种像素索引的编码方法、装置以及图像处理设备。
背景技术
基于调色板(Palette-based)的编码在图形图像技术(尤其是视频编码技术)中得到了广泛应用。在编码过程中，对于待编码图像区域，例如一个编码单元(CU，coding Unit)，包含多个具有色彩值(例如采用RGB模式，具有24比特的真彩色)的像素；为了减少用于存储位图图像的存储容量，通常可以将像素指向调色板的数据索引。在译码过程中，每一输出像素的色彩值可以通过查找具有相应数据索引的调色板来决定。
其中，调色板为一系列像素值(pixel value)的集合，对于像素值位于调色板中的像素，仅需使用该像素值在调色板中对应的像素索引(pixel index)。由此可以仅将调色板以及编码单元中的像素所对应的索引进行比特流编码，可以减少编码的比特代价(bit cost)。
为了进一步降低比特代价，在进行比特流编码时可以采用索引拷贝信息(index copy run)。例如，若调色板拷贝类型标识(palette_run_type_flag)为COPY_LEFT_MODE，在一像素的像素值与左边像素的像素值相同的情况下，可以采用按左拷贝(copy left)模式生成包括像素索引、拷贝类型以及拷贝值的拷贝信息；若调色板拷贝类型标识(palette_run_type_flag)为COPY_ABOVE_MODE，在一像素的像素值与上边像素的像素值相同的情况下，可以采用按上拷贝(copy above)模式生成包括拷贝类型以及拷贝值的拷贝信息。
应该注意，上面对技术背景的介绍只是为了方便对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整的说明，并方便本领域技术人员的理解而阐述的。不能仅仅因为这些方案在本发明的背景技术部分进行了阐述而认为上述技术方案为本领域技术人员所公知。
发明内容
但是，发明人发现，目前对于拷贝信息中的像素索引，需要将所有的像素索引都进行比特流编码，进行比特流编码的的代价比较大，不能进一步降低编码的比特代价。
本发明实施例提供一种像素索引的编码方法、装置以及图像处理设备。进一步降低编码的比特代价。
根据本发明实施例的第一个方面，提供一种像素索引的编码方法，所述编码方法包括：
确定对应于待编码图像区域的调色板；
基于所述调色板确定所述待编码图像区域所需要进行编码的多个像素索引；
将所述多个像素索引进行比特流编码；其中在最后一个像素索引首次出现的情况下不对所述最后一个像素索引进行比特流编码。
根据本发明实施例的第二个方面，提供一种像素索引的编码装置，所述编码装置包括：
调色板确定单元，确定对应于待编码图像区域的调色板；
像素索引确定单元，基于所述调色板确定所述待编码图像区域需要进行编码的多个像素索引；
比特流编码单元，将所述多个像素索引进行比特流编码；其中在最后一个像素索引首次出现的情况下不对所述最后一个像素索引进行比特流编码。
根据本发明实施例的第三个方面，提供一种图像处理设备，包括：
图像编码器，确定对应于待编码图像区域的调色板；基于所述调色板确定所述待编码图像区域所需要进行编码的多个像素索引；以及将所述多个像素索引进行比特流编码；其中在最后一个像素索引首次出现的情况下不对所述最后一个像素索引进行比特流编码；
和/或
图像解码器，确定待解码图像区域的调色板和需要进行解码的像素索引的个数；根据所述调色板和所述像素索引的个数确定最后一个像素索引是否首次出现；以及在所述最后一个像素索引首次出现的情况下基于已知的像素索引获得所述最后一个像素索引；在所述最后一个像素索引不是首次出现的情况下从比特流中获得所述最后一个像素索引。
根据本发明实施例的又一个方面，提供一种计算机可读程序，其中当在图像处理 设备中执行所述程序时，所述程序使得计算机在所述图像处理设备中执行如上所述的像素索引的编码方法。
根据本发明实施例的又一个方面，提供一种存储有计算机可读程序的存储介质，其中所述计算机可读程序使得计算机在图像处理设备中执行如上所述的像素索引的编码方法。
本发明实施例的有益效果在于，将待编码图像区域所需要编码的多个像素索引进行比特流编码，其中在最后一个像素索引首次出现的情况下不对所述最后一个像素索引进行比特流编码。由此，无需将拷贝信息中的全部像素索引进行编码，可以进一步降低编码的比特代价。
参照后文的说明和附图，详细公开了本发明的特定实施方式，指明了本发明的原理可以被采用的方式。应该理解，本发明的实施方式在范围上并不因而受到限制。在所附权利要求的精神和条款的范围内，本发明的实施方式包括许多改变、修改和等同。
针对一种实施方式描述和/或示出的特征可以以相同或类似的方式在一个或更多个其它实施方式中使用，与其它实施方式中的特征相组合，或替代其它实施方式中的特征。
应该强调，术语“包括/包含”在本文使用时指特征、整件、步骤或组件的存在，但并不排除一个或更多个其它特征、整件、步骤或组件的存在或附加。
附图说明
参照以下的附图可以更好地理解本发明的很多方面。附图中的部件不是成比例绘制的，而只是为了示出本发明的原理。为了便于示出和描述本发明的一些部分，附图中对应部分可能被放大或缩小。
在本发明的一个附图或一种实施方式中描述的元素和特征可以与一个或更多个其它附图或实施方式中示出的元素和特征相结合。此外，在附图中，类似的标号表示几个附图中对应的部件，并可用于指示多于一种实施方式中使用的对应部件。
图1是本发明实施例的编码单元的一实例示意图；
图2是目前进行比特流编码的一示意图；
图3是本发明实施例1的像素索引的编码方法的一流程示意图；
图4是本发明实施例1的编码单元的另一实例示意图；
图5是本发明实施例2的像素索引的编码装置的一示意图；
图6是本发明实施例3的像素索引的解码方法的一示意图；
图7是本发明实施例3的像素索引的解码方法的另一示意图；
图8是本发明实施例4的像素索引的解码装置的一示意图；
图9是本发明实施例5的图像处理设备的一构成示意图。
具体实施方式
参照附图，通过下面的说明书，本发明的前述以及其它特征将变得明显。在说明书和附图中，具体公开了本发明的特定实施方式，其表明了其中可以采用本发明的原则的部分实施方式，应了解的是，本发明不限于所描述的实施方式，相反，本发明包括落入所附权利要求的范围内的全部修改、变型以及等同物。
图1是本发明实施例的编码单元的一实例示意图，示出了一个编码单元(CU)的情况。如图1所示，该编码单元具有8×8个像素；其中该8×8个像素具有不同的7个像素值(代表不同的颜色)。为简单起见，图1中具有相同像素值的像素采用同一符号来表示像素值，例如采用C0、C1、……、C6来表示不同的像素值。
表1示出了图1所示的CU所确定的调色板。
表1
像素索引 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
像素值 C0 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6
当采用索引拷贝信息时，根据该调色板生成的索引拷贝信息可如下表2所示。表2示出了基于表1的调色板而形成的图1所示的CU的索引拷贝(index run)信息。
表2
Left(0,31)
Left(2,0)
Above(3)
Left(3,0)
Left(1,0)
Left(2,0)
Left(1,0)
Left(4,0)
Above(6)
Left(5,0)
Left(6,0)
Above(5)
Left(1,0)
Left(2,0)
Above(4)
如图1所示，在该CU中具有连续32个像素值为C0(调色板中对应的像素索引为0)的像素，因此形成表2中的索引拷贝信息Left(0,31)；然后在该CU中具有1个像素值为C2(调色板中对应的像素索引为2)的像素，因此形成表2中的索引拷贝信息Left(2,0)；然后在该CU中具有与上一行相应像素的像素值相同的4个像素(像素值分别为C0，C0，C0，C0)，因此形成表2中的索引拷贝信息Above(3)；……。
在生成如上的索引拷贝信息之后，可以进行比特流编码，例如对于Left(0,31)，可以将其中的像素索引0，拷贝类型Left(例如用0表示)和拷贝值31进行编码；对于Above(3)，可以将拷贝类型Above(例如用1表示)和拷贝值3进行编码。
图2是目前进行比特流编码的一示意图，如图2所示，在目前的SCM4.0版本中，可以先后将调色板相关信息(例如称为palette entry related)和调色板索引位图信息(例如称为palette index map)进行比特流编码。其中，对于调色板索引位图信息，先将像素索引的数目(number of index)进行编码，然后将像素索引(index)进行编 码，并将拷贝类型(run type)和拷贝值(run value)交织地进行编码，然后可以对采用非调色板模式(例如escape mode)的像素进行编码。
但是，发明人发现对于生成的拷贝信息，需要将所有的像素索引(例如对于表2所示的信息，需要将11个像素索引“0”，“2”，“3”，“1”，“2”，“1”，“4”，“5”，“6”，“1”，“2”)进行比特流编码，而目前对于需要编码的像素索引的数目(例如表2所示的11个)可以显式地进行比特流编码(例如图2所示)或者隐式地由其他信息推导出来，由此不需要对全部的像素索引进行比特流编码。
以下对本发明实施例进行详细说明。
实施例1
本发明实施例提供一种像素索引的编码方法，图3是本发明实施例的像素索引的编码方法的一流程示意图。如图3所示，所述编码方法包括：
步骤301，确定对应于待编码图像区域的调色板；
步骤302，基于所述调色板确定所述待编码图像区域所需要进行编码的多个像素索引；
步骤303，将所述多个像素索引进行比特流编码；其中在最后一个像素索引首次出现的情况下不对所述最后一个像素索引进行比特流编码。
在本实施例中，待编码图像区域可以为一编码单元CU或最大编码单元LCU(Largest Coding Unit)；以下以CU为例进行说明。本发明实施例适用于采用调色板模式的情况，对于混合使用调色板模式和非调色板模式(例如escape mode)的情况，本发明实施例同样适用。
值得注意的是，对于待编码图像区域中的调色板、拷贝类型(run_type)和拷贝值等的比特流编码，可以采用现有技术中的任意一种方法实现，本发明并不对此进行限制。对于像素索引如何进行编码，以下进行示意性说明。
在一个例子中，以图1所示的CU为例进行说明。如上所示，需要编码的11个像素索引中，最后一个像素索引为“2”，该像素索引已经在之前出现过，因此需要对该11个像素索引进行编码。
在另一个例子中，以图4所示的CU为例进行说明。图4是本发明实施例的编码单元的另一实例示意图，示出了另一个CU的情况。该CU对应的调色板仍然如表1 所示，表3示出了基于表1的调色板而形成的图4所示的CU的索引拷贝(index run)信息。
表3
Left(0,31)
Left(2,0)
Above(3)
Left(3,0)
Left(1,0)
Left(2,0)
Left(1,0)
Left(4,0)
Above(6)
Left(5,0)
Left(6,13)
如表3所示，如果采用目前的方案则需要将9个像素索引(即“0”，“2”，“3”，“1”，“2”，“1”，“4”，“5”，“6”)进行比特流编码。但是，在本发明实施例中，由于最后一个像素索引为“6”，且该像素索引在之前未出现过，则无需对该像素索引进行编码。
在解码端，解码器可以显式地或者隐式地获得编码的像素索引的个数(例如上述的“9”)，此外从比特流中获得上述进行了编码的像素索引(例如前8个像素索引：“0”，“2”，“3”，“1”，“2”，“1”，“4”，“5”)之后，可以确定最后一个像素索引(例如从“9”和“8”这两个数可以确定是最后一个像素索引)还没有出现(例如从调色板信息可以确定像素索引为0至6)，则可以基于已知的像素索引直接确定最后一个像素索引(例如为“6”)。
由此，可以根据已有信息来减少需要编码的比特数。
在一个实施方式中，所述多个像素索引的个数为n，在将所述多个像素索引进行比特流编码之前，所述编码方法还包括：将所述多个像素索引的个数n进行比特流编码。
其中，将所述多个像素索引进行比特流编码可以包括：将前n-1个像素索引进行比特流编码；以及在所述最后一个像素索引已经出现过的情况下，将所述最后一个像素索引进行比特流编码。
表4示意性示出了本实施方式的伪代码。如表4所示，
表4
Figure PCTCN2015081032-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2015081032-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2015081032-appb-000003
在另一个实施方式中，所述多个像素索引的个数为n，在将所述多个像素索引进行比特流编码之前，所述编码方法还包括：将所述多个像素索引的个数n进行比特流编码。
其中，将所述多个像素索引进行比特流编码可以包括：对于所述n个像素索引中的某一像素索引，在所述某一像素索引不是最后一个像素索引或者所述某一像素索引已经出现过的情况下，将所述某一个像素索引进行比特流编码。
在本实施方式中，可以按照如下顺序进行编码：num_palette_indices_idc(即多个 像素索引的个数n)，然后run type和run value信息，然后palette_index_idc(即需要进行编码的像素索引)。
表5示意性示出了本实施方式的伪代码。如表5所示，
表5
Figure PCTCN2015081032-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2015081032-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2015081032-appb-000006
在另一个实施方式中，所述多个像素索引的个数为n，所述编码方法还包括：将n-1进行比特流编码；以及将指示所述最后一个像素索引是否进行了编码的指示信息进行比特流编码。
在本实施方式中，可以使用num_palette_indices_idc_minus_1来指示n-1，此外可以使用last_palette_indices_present_flag指示最后一个像素索引是否进行了编码。其中，需要进行编码的像素索引的个数NumPaletteIndices与上述两个标识满足例如如下关系：
NumPaletteIndices＝num_palette_indices_idc_minus_1+last_palette_indices_present_flag
表6示意性示出了本实施方式的伪代码。如表6所示，
表6
Figure PCTCN2015081032-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2015081032-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2015081032-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2015081032-appb-000010
值得注意的是，表4至表6仅示意性示出了本发明实施例的一些实施方式，但本发明实施例不限于此，还可以根据实际情况进行调整或改变，可以根据实际场景确定具体的实施方式。
由上述实施例可知，将待编码图像区域所需要编码的多个像素索引进行比特流编码，其中在最后一个像素索引首次出现的情况下不对所述最后一个像素索引进行比特流编码。由此，无需将拷贝信息中的全部像素索引进行编码，可以进一步降低编码的比特代价。
实施例2
本发明实施例提供一种像素索引的编码装置，对应于实施例1中的像素索引的编码方法，相同的内容不再赘述。
图5是本发明实施例的像素索引的编码装置的一示意图，如图5所示，所述编码装置500包括：
调色板确定单元501，确定对应于待编码图像区域的调色板；
像素索引确定单元502，基于所述调色板确定所述待编码图像区域需要进行编码的多个像素索引；
比特流编码单元503，将所述多个像素索引进行比特流编码；其中在最后一个像素索引首次出现的情况下不对所述最后一个像素索引进行比特流编码。
在一个实施方式中，所述比特流编码单元503还用于：将所述多个像素索引的个数n进行比特流编码。其中，所述比特流编码单元503具体用于：将前n-1个像素索 引进行比特流编码；以及在所述最后一个像素索引已经出现过的情况下，将所述最后一个像素索引进行比特流编码。
在另一个实施方式中，所述比特流编码单元503还用于：将所述多个像素索引的个数n进行比特流编码。其中，所述比特流编码单元503具体用于：对于所述n个像素索引中的某一像素索引，在所述某一像素索引不是最后一个像素索引或者所述某一像素索引已经出现过的情况下，将所述某一个像素索引进行比特流编码。
在另一个实施方式中，所述比特流编码单元503具体用于：将n-1进行比特流编码，所述多个像素索引的个数为n；以及将指示所述最后一个像素索引是否进行了编码的指示信息进行比特流编码。
由上述实施例可知，将待编码图像区域所需要编码的多个像素索引进行比特流编码，其中在最后一个像素索引首次出现的情况下不对所述最后一个像素索引进行比特流编码。由此，无需将拷贝信息中的全部像素索引进行编码，可以进一步降低编码的比特代价。
实施例3
本发明实施例提供一种像素索引的解码方法，对应于实施例1中的像素索引的编码方法。对于使用实施例1进行编码的像素索引，本发明实施例相应地进行解码，相同的内容不再赘述。关于图像解码的其他内容，可以采用相关方法中的任意一种，本发明并不进行限制。
图6是本发明实施例的像素索引的解码方法的一示意图，如图6所示，所述解码方法包括：
步骤601，确定待解码图像区域的调色板和需要进行解码的像素索引的个数；
步骤602，根据所述调色板和所述像素索引的个数确定最后一个像素索引是否首次出现；以及
步骤602，在所述最后一个像素索引首次出现的情况下，基于已知的像素索引获得所述最后一个像素索引；在所述最后一个像素索引不是首次出现的情况下，从比特流中获得所述最后一个像素索引。
图7是本发明实施例的像素索引的解码方法的另一示意图，如图7所示，所述解码方法包括：
步骤701，确定待解码图像区域的调色板；
步骤702，确定需要进行解码的像素索引的个数；
在本实施例中，该调色板的信息可以从比特流解码而获得；该需要进行解码的像素索引的个数可以从比特流解码而显式地获得，也可以从其他信息推导出来而隐式地获得。
步骤703，根据所述像素索引的个数以及已解码像素索引的个数判断当前像素索引是否为最后一个像素索引；在不是的情况下执行步骤704，在是最后一个像素索引的情况下执行步骤705。
步骤704，从比特流中获得所述像素索引；
在获得该像素索引之后，可以继续执行步骤703获取下一像素索引。
步骤705，判断所述最后一个像素索引是否出现过；在出现过的情况下执行步骤706，在没有出现过的情况下执行步骤707；
步骤706，从比特流中获得所述最后一个像素索引；
步骤707，基于已知的像素索引获得所述最后一个像素索引。
值得注意的是，图6和图7仅示意性示出了本发明实施例的一些实施方式，但本发明不限于此，例如还可以对应于表4至表6所示的编码方法，采用相应的方法进行图像解码。
由上述实施例可知，将待编码图像区域所需要编码的多个像素索引进行比特流编码，其中在最后一个像素索引首次出现的情况下不对所述最后一个像素索引进行比特流编码。由此，无需将拷贝信息中的全部像素索引进行编码，可以进一步降低编码的比特代价。
实施例4
本发明实施例提供一种像素索引的解码装置，对应于实施例3中的像素索引的解码方法，相同的内容不再赘述。
图8是本发明实施例的像素索引的解码装置的一示意图。如图8所示，所述图像解码装置800包括：
信息确定单元801，确定待解码图像区域的调色板和需要进行解码的像素索引的个数；
索引确定单元802，根据所述调色板和所述像素索引的个数确定最后一个像素索引是否首次出现；以及
索引获得单元803，在所述最后一个像素索引首次出现的情况下，基于已知的像素索引获得所述最后一个像素索引；在所述最后一个像素索引不是首次出现的情况下，从比特流中获得所述最后一个像素索引。
由上述实施例可知，将待编码图像区域所需要编码的多个像素索引进行比特流编码，其中在最后一个像素索引首次出现的情况下不对所述最后一个像素索引进行比特流编码。由此，无需将拷贝信息中的全部像素索引进行编码，可以进一步降低编码的比特代价。
实施例5
本发明实施例提供一种图像处理设备，所述图像处理设备包括：如实施例2所述的编码装置和/或如实施例4所述的解码装置。
图9是本发明实施例的图像处理设备的一构成示意图。如图9所示，图像处理设备900可以包括：中央处理器(CPU)100和存储器110；存储器110耦合到中央处理器100。其中该存储器110可存储各种数据；此外还存储信息处理的程序，并且在中央处理器100的控制下执行该程序。
在一个实施方式中，编码装置500的功能可以被集成到中央处理器100中。其中，中央处理器100可以被配置为实现如实施例1所述的编码方法。和/或，解码装置800的功能也可以被集成到中央处理器100中。其中，中央处理器100可以被配置为实现如实施例3所述的解码方法。
在另一个实施方式中，编码装置500和/或解码装置800可以与中央处理器分开配置，例如可以将编码装置500和/或解码装置800配置为与中央处理器100连接的芯片，通过中央处理器的控制来实现编码装置500和/或解码装置800的功能。
此外，如图9所示，图像处理设备900还可以包括：输入输出单元120和显示单元130等；其中，上述部件的功能与现有技术类似，此处不再赘述。值得注意的是，图像处理设备900也并不是必须要包括图9中所示的所有部件；此外，图像处理设备900还可以包括图9中没有示出的部件，可以参考现有技术。
本发明实施例还提供一种计算机可读程序，其中当在图像处理设备中执行所述程 序时，所述程序使得计算机在所述图像处理设备中执行如实施例1所述的编码方法和/或如实施例3所述的解码方法。
本发明实施例还提供一种存储有计算机可读程序的存储介质，其中所述计算机可读程序使得计算机在图像处理设备中执行如实施例1所述的编码方法和/或如实施例3所述的解码方法。
本发明以上的装置和方法可以由硬件实现，也可以由硬件结合软件实现。本发明涉及这样的计算机可读程序，当该程序被逻辑部件所执行时，能够使该逻辑部件实现上文所述的装置或构成部件，或使该逻辑部件实现上文所述的各种方法或步骤。本发明还涉及用于存储以上程序的存储介质，如硬盘、磁盘、光盘、DVD、flash存储器等。
针对附图中描述的功能方框中的一个或多个和/或功能方框的一个或多个组合，可以实现为用于执行本申请所描述功能的通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其它可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件或者其任意适当组合。针对附图描述的功能方框中的一个或多个和/或功能方框的一个或多个组合，还可以实现为计算设备的组合，例如，DSP和微处理器的组合、多个微处理器、与DSP通信结合的一个或多个微处理器或者任何其它这种配置。
以上结合具体的实施方式对本发明进行了描述，但本领域技术人员应该清楚，这些描述都是示例性的，并不是对本发明保护范围的限制。本领域技术人员可以根据本发明的精神和原理对本发明做出各种变型和修改，这些变型和修改也在本发明的范围内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种像素索引的编码方法，所述编码方法包括：
    确定对应于待编码图像区域的调色板；
    基于所述调色板确定所述待编码图像区域所需要进行编码的多个像素索引；
    将所述多个像素索引进行比特流编码；其中在最后一个像素索引首次出现的情况下不对所述最后一个像素索引进行比特流编码。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的编码方法，其中，所述多个像素索引的个数为n，在将所述多个像素索引进行比特流编码之前，所述编码方法还包括：
    将所述多个像素索引的个数n进行比特流编码。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的编码方法，其中，将所述多个像素索引进行比特流编码包括：
    将前n-1个像素索引进行比特流编码；以及
    在所述最后一个像素索引已经出现过的情况下，将所述最后一个像素索引进行比特流编码。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的编码方法，其中，将所述多个像素索引进行比特流编码包括：
    对于所述n个像素索引中的某一像素索引，在所述某一像素索引不是最后一个像素索引或者所述某一像素索引已经出现过的情况下，将所述某一个像素索引进行比特流编码。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的编码方法，其中，所述多个像素索引的个数为n，所述编码方法还包括：
    将n-1进行比特流编码；以及
    将指示所述最后一个像素索引是否进行了编码的指示信息进行比特流编码。
  6. 一种像素索引的编码装置，所述编码装置包括：
    调色板确定单元，确定对应于待编码图像区域的调色板；
    像素索引确定单元，基于所述调色板确定所述待编码图像区域需要进行编码的多个像素索引；
    比特流编码单元，将所述多个像素索引进行比特流编码；其中在最后一个像素索 引首次出现的情况下不对所述最后一个像素索引进行比特流编码。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的编码装置，其中，所述比特流编码单元还用于：将所述多个像素索引的个数n进行比特流编码。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的编码装置，其中，所述比特流编码单元具体用于：将前n-1个像素索引进行比特流编码；以及在所述最后一个像素索引已经出现过的情况下，将所述最后一个像素索引进行比特流编码。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的编码装置，其中，所述比特流编码单元具体用于：对于所述n个像素索引中的某一像素索引，在所述某一像素索引不是最后一个像素索引或者所述某一像素索引已经出现过的情况下，将所述某一个像素索引进行比特流编码。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的编码装置，其中，所述比特流编码单元具体用于：将n-1进行比特流编码，所述多个像素索引的个数为n；以及将指示所述最后一个像素索引是否进行了编码的指示信息进行比特流编码。
  11. 一种图像处理设备，所述图像处理设备包括：
    图像编码器，确定对应于待编码图像区域的调色板；基于所述调色板确定所述待编码图像区域所需要进行编码的多个像素索引；以及将所述多个像素索引进行比特流编码；其中在最后一个像素索引首次出现的情况下不对所述最后一个像素索引进行比特流编码；
    和/或
    图像解码器，确定待解码图像区域的调色板和需要进行解码的像素索引的个数；根据所述调色板和所述像素索引的个数确定最后一个像素索引是否首次出现；以及在所述最后一个像素索引首次出现的情况下基于已知的像素索引获得所述最后一个像素索引；在所述最后一个像素索引不是首次出现的情况下从比特流中获得所述最后一个像素索引。
PCT/CN2015/081032 2015-06-09 2015-06-09 像素索引的编码方法、装置以及图像处理设备 Ceased WO2016197312A1 (zh)

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