WO2016192536A1 - 一种新型极间电流转移开关 - Google Patents

一种新型极间电流转移开关 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016192536A1
WO2016192536A1 PCT/CN2016/082604 CN2016082604W WO2016192536A1 WO 2016192536 A1 WO2016192536 A1 WO 2016192536A1 CN 2016082604 W CN2016082604 W CN 2016082604W WO 2016192536 A1 WO2016192536 A1 WO 2016192536A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
branch
full
arm
switch
upper arm
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2016/082604
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
田鑫
赵波
周飞
荆平
全程浩
孙刚
宋颖巍
刘岩
宋卓然
杨继业
李朝顺
万青
范煜晖
刘明岳
龚树东
戴承文
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Shenyang Electric Power Reconnaissance Survey Design Institute
Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Co Ltd
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Original Assignee
Shenyang Electric Power Reconnaissance Survey Design Institute
Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute Co Ltd
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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Publication of WO2016192536A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016192536A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks via high-voltage DC [HVDC] links; Arrangements for transfer of electric power between generators and networks via HVDC links
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a current transfer switch, in particular to a novel interelectrode current transfer switch.
  • the urban electricity load is increased, the transmission capacity of the AC line is insufficient, and the line corridor is lacking.
  • the FACTS device cannot be installed to greatly increase the transmission capacity, and the resistance encountered by the new lines is increasing.
  • the line projects entering the city it is difficult to obtain support in land acquisition and environmental protection.
  • the urban power grid structure is getting closer and closer, and the short-circuit current problem is outstanding.
  • the development speed of urban power grid is relatively fast, the grid lines are intertwined, the degree of tightness is high, and the equivalent impedance is small, resulting in a high level of short-circuit current of the grid. If the new AC line is used to solve the problem of insufficient power supply capacity of the urban power grid, the power grid will be further tightened and the equivalent impedance will be further reduced, resulting in an increase in short-circuit current and affecting the safe operation of the power grid.
  • the regulation of reactive power voltage in urban power grids is becoming more and more difficult, and the problem of voltage stability cannot be ignored.
  • the number of cable lines in urban power grids is increasing.
  • the urban substations are limited by land use, and the inductive reactive power configuration is generally insufficient.
  • the reactive voltage regulation is becoming more and more difficult, especially during the grid low load period, and the voltage is too high.
  • the air conditioning load and motor load in the urban power grid have a large proportion. Due to the lack of rapid dynamic and reactive power adjustment, the dynamic voltage stability problem during the peak load period of the power grid is becoming more and more prominent.
  • the insulation withstand capability is the insulation withstand capability.
  • the insulation of the AC system is designed according to the voltage peak, but the transmission capacity is determined by the effective value of the voltage, which is only 71% of the peak value.
  • the capacitor current will occupy the full load capacity of the cable core. In the case of DC transmission, the steady-state capacitor current is only caused by the ripple voltage, and the value is small, so the power transmission length of the cable is hardly limited by the capacitor current.
  • the present invention provides a novel inter-electrode current transfer switch.
  • the switch includes an active branch, a driven branch, a full bridge submodule, and a control module;
  • the active branch includes an upper arm and a lower arm in series, and the driven branch also includes an upper arm in series And the lower arm;
  • a first pole wire is connected between the upper arm of the active branch and the upper arm of the driven branch, and a second pole is connected between the lower arm of the active branch and the lower arm of the driven branch
  • the conductor, the two bridge arm connection points of the active branch and the two bridge arm connection points of the driven branch are connected to the third pole conductor.
  • the upper arm of the active branch is connected to the shunt resistor and is connected to the first pole wire;
  • the lower arm of the slave branch is connected to the shunt resistor and then connected to the second pole wire;
  • the shunt resistor end is connected in parallel with a full control type device for bypassing the shunt resistor;
  • the upper arm and the lower arm of the active branch, and the upper arm and the lower arm of the driven branch are each a switch assembly;
  • the switch assembly includes a fully-controlled device in series and Isolation switch
  • the collector of the full-control device of the upper arm in the active branch is connected to the first-pole wire, and the emitter of the full-control device of the lower leg is connected to the second-pole wire;
  • the driven branch The emitter of the full-controlled device of the upper arm of the road is connected to the first-pole wire, and the collector of the full-control device of the lower leg is connected with the second-pole wire;
  • the collector of the full-control device of the upper arm of the active branch is connected to the anode of the first DC system, and the emitter of the fully-controlled device of the lower arm is connected to the cathode of the first DC system.
  • the emitter of the full-control device of the upper arm of the slave branch is connected to the anode of the second DC system, and the collector of the full-control device of the lower arm is connected to the cathode of the second DC system;
  • the full bridge submodule comprises a first bridge arm, a capacitor and a second bridge arm which are sequentially connected in parallel;
  • the first bridge arm comprises two serially connected full control devices, and a connection point of the full control device Connected between the upper arm and the lower arm of the active branch;
  • the second bridge arm also includes two series-connected full-control devices, and the connection point of the full-control device is connected between the upper arm and the lower arm of the driven branch;
  • the diode of the diode is connected in parallel with the emitter of the fully controlled device, and the cathode of the diode is connected to the collector of the fully controlled device;
  • control module sends a switching timing instruction of the full control device to the active branch and the driven branch, thereby adjusting the upper arm of the active branch to be turned on or off, and adjusting the active branch The lower arm is turned on or off;
  • the control module sends a switching timing instruction of the full control device to the full bridge submodule, and adjusts the full control device to be turned on or off, thereby changing the working state of the full bridge submodule;
  • control module changes the voltage direction and the current direction of the third pole wire by respectively adjusting the working states of the active branch, the driven branch and the full bridge submodule, including:
  • Step 1 Send a switching timing instruction of the full control device to the full bridge submodule, the switching timing instruction is to block all the full control devices, and the capacitor of the full bridge submodule starts to be charged;
  • Step 2 Send a switching timing instruction of the full control device to the active branch and the slave branch, and simultaneously send a switching timing instruction of the new full control device to the full bridge submodule, thereby changing the third pole wire Voltage direction and current direction;
  • the switching timing instruction in step 2 includes:
  • the isolation switch of the upper arm in the active branch is closed, the full control device is turned on, and the full control device at both ends of the shunt resistor connected to the upper arm is blocked; the isolation switch of the lower arm in the active branch is disconnected a fully controlled device at both ends of the shunt resistor connected to the lower arm is turned on; the isolating switch of the upper arm in the driven branch is closed, the fully controlled device is turned on; and the lower arm in the driven branch is in the middle The disconnector is disconnected;
  • the switching timing instruction in the step 2 includes a capacitor charging instruction, a capacitor discharging instruction, and a capacitor bypass instruction;
  • the switching timing instruction in step 2 includes:
  • the isolation switch of the upper arm in the active branch is disconnected, and the fully-controlled device at both ends of the shunt resistor connected to the upper arm is turned on; the isolation switch of the lower arm in the active branch is closed, and the full-control device is guided. Passing, the fully-controlled device at both ends of the shunt resistor connected to the lower arm is blocked; the isolating switch of the upper arm in the driven branch is disconnected; the isolating switch of the lower arm in the driven branch is closed and fully controlled The device is turned on;
  • the switching timing instruction in the step 2 includes a capacitor charging instruction, a capacitor discharging instruction, and a capacitor bypass instruction.
  • the pole current transfer switch can periodically switch between the first working state and the second working state, so that the voltage polarity of the third pole wire can be reversed, and the third pole is periodically changed.
  • the polarity of the voltage and current of the wire, under the premise of ensuring the power direction is unchanged, the periodic sharing of the current between the first pole wire and the second pole wire is realized;
  • the interpole current transfer switch can reduce the transfer switch to be disconnected during the switching between the first working state and the second working state by switching the full bridge submodule.
  • the interpole current transfer switch does not need to directly connect the submodules in series, and the full control type device and the isolating switch are connected in series as a switch component, thereby reducing the switch components.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a novel interelectrode current transfer switch in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a full bridge submodule in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a current flow path of a novel interelectrode current transfer switch in state 1 in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a current flow path of a novel interelectrode current transfer switch in state 2 in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a current flow path of a full-bridge sub-module in a state in which a novel inter-electrode current transfer switch is in a state of capacitance charging;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a current flow path of a full-bridge sub-module in a state of a capacitor discharge state in a state 1 of a novel inter-electrode current transfer switch according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a current flow path of a full-bridge sub-module in a state of a capacitor bypass state in a state 1 of a novel inter-electrode current transfer switch according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a current flow path of a full bridge sub-module in a state 2 of a capacitor charging state in a state 2 of the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a current flow path of a full-bridge sub-module in a state of a capacitor discharge state in a state 2 of a novel inter-electrode current transfer switch according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a current flow path of a full-bridge sub-module in a state of a capacitor bypass state in a state 2 of a novel inter-electrode current transfer switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the invention provides a novel inter-electrode current transfer switch suitable for a novel compact transmission system, which utilizes the charging and discharging of a capacitor and cooperates with an interpole current modulation strategy to prevent a sudden change of current during the change of the current between the poles.
  • the novel inter-electrode current transfer switch in the embodiment of the present invention comprises an active branch, a driven branch, a full bridge sub-module and a control module. among them
  • the active branch includes an upper arm and a lower arm in series
  • the driven leg also includes an upper arm and a lower arm in series.
  • a first pole conductor is connected between the upper arm of the active branch and the upper arm of the driven branch, and a second pole conductor is connected between the lower arm of the active branch and the lower arm of the driven branch.
  • a third pole conductor is connected between the two bridge arm connection points of the active branch and the two bridge arm connection points of the slave branch.
  • X L is the wire reactance
  • R L is the wire resistance.
  • the upper arm of the active branch is connected to the shunt resistor R a and then connected to the first pole conductor.
  • the lower arm of the slave branch is connected to the shunt resistor R b and then connected to the second pole conductor.
  • a shunt resistor is connected in parallel with a fully-controlled device for bypass shunt resistors, that is, a shunt resistor R a is connected in parallel with a fully-controlled device T p , and a shunt resistor R b is connected in parallel with a fully-controlled device T n .
  • the upper and lower arms of the active branch, and the upper and lower arms of the driven branch are each a switch assembly, and the switch assembly includes a fully-controlled device and an isolating switch in series.
  • the upper arm of the active branch includes a switch assembly S 11
  • the lower arm includes a switch assembly S 21
  • the upper arm of the driven branch includes a switch assembly S 12
  • the lower arm includes a switch assembly S 22 .
  • the collector of the full-control device of the upper arm of the active branch is connected to the first-pole wire, and the emitter of the full-control device of the lower leg is connected to the second-pole wire.
  • the collector of the full-control device of the upper arm of the active branch is connected to the anode of the first DC system, and the emitter of the fully-controlled device of the lower arm is connected to the cathode of the first DC system.
  • the emitter of the full-control device of the upper arm in the slave branch is connected to the first-pole wire, and the collector of the full-control device of the lower arm is connected to the second-pole wire.
  • the emitter of the fully controlled device of the upper arm of the slave branch is connected to the anode of the second DC system, and the collector of the fully controlled device of the lower arm is connected to the cathode of the second DC system.
  • the full bridge parallel sub-module comprises successively a first arm, a second capacitor and U c arm.
  • the first bridge arm comprises two series-connected fully-controlled devices VT 1 and a fully-controlled device VT 2 , and the connection point of the fully-controlled device VT 1 and the fully-controlled device VT 2 is connected to the upper arm of the active branch and under Between the bridge arms; the second bridge arm also includes two series-connected full-control device VT 3 and a fully-controlled device VT 4 , and the connection point of the fully-controlled device VT 3 and the fully-controlled device VT 4 is connected to the slave branch Between the upper arm and the lower arm of the road.
  • a fully-controlled device has a diode connected in parallel at both ends, the anode of the diode is connected to the emitter of the fully-controlled device, and the cathode of the diode is connected to the collector of the fully-controlled device.
  • the control module sends a switching timing command of the full control device to the active branch and the driven branch, thereby adjusting the upper arm of the active branch to be turned on or off, and adjusting the lower arm of the active branch to be turned on or off.
  • the control module sends a switching timing command of the full control device to the full bridge submodule, and adjusts the full control device to be turned on or off, thereby changing the working state of the full bridge submodule.
  • the control module changes the voltage direction and current direction of the third pole wire by respectively adjusting the working states of the active branch, the driven branch and the full bridge submodule, including:
  • Step (1) transmitting a switching timing instruction of the full control type device to the full bridge submodule, the switching timing instruction is to block all the full control type devices, and the capacitor of the full bridge submodule starts to be charged;
  • Step (2) transmitting a switching timing instruction of the full control type device to the active branch and the slave branch, and simultaneously transmitting a switching timing instruction of the new full control type device to the full bridge submodule, thereby changing the voltage of the third pole wire Direction and current direction.
  • the switching timing instruction and the switching timing instruction in the step include two working states:
  • the switching timing instruction includes: the isolation switch of the upper arm in the active branch is closed, the full control device is turned on, and the full control device at both ends of the shunt resistor connected to the upper arm is blocked; the active branch middle and lower arm The isolating switch is disconnected, and the fully controlled device at both ends of the shunt resistor connected to the lower arm is turned on; the isolating switch of the upper arm in the driven branch is closed, the fully controlled device is turned on; the driven branch is in the middle and the lower The isolation switch of the bridge arm is disconnected;
  • FIG. 3 Schematic diagram of current flow after the execution of the switching sequence command by the active branch and the driven branch is as shown in FIG. 3, the switch component S 11 is closed, the full control device T p is latched, the shunt resistor R a is input, and the switch component S 21 is off. On, the full control device T n is triggered, the shunt resistor R b is bypassed; the switch component S 12 is closed, the switch component S 22 is disconnected, the first pole wire and the third pole wire are connected in parallel to share the direct current, the second pole wire Take all return currents alone;
  • the switching timing command includes: a capacitor charging command, a capacitor discharging command, and a capacitor bypass command.
  • Figure 5 shows the current flow path for the full bridge submodule to charge the capacitor. All fully controlled devices in the full bridge submodule FBSM are latched and current is charged through the diodes VD1 and VD4 for the capacitors in the full bridge submodule.
  • FIG. 6 shows a current flow path of a full bridge submodule in a capacitor discharge state, in which the full control device VT 2 and the full control device VT 3 are turned on, and the capacitor has a forward voltage and a current.
  • the capacitor is discharged by a current path through VT 2 , a capacitor and VT 3 .
  • FIG. 7 shows a current flow path of the full bridge sub-module in a capacitor bypass state, in which the fully-controlled device VT 2 and the fully-controlled device VT 3 in the full-bridge sub-module FBSM are turned on, and the voltage across the capacitor is zero. , the current through VD1 and VT 3, VT 2 and VD4 form two passages, the capacitor is bypassed.
  • the switching timing command includes: the isolation switch of the upper arm in the active branch is disconnected, and the full-control device at both ends of the shunt resistor connected to the upper arm is turned on; the isolation switch of the lower arm in the active branch is closed, The fully controlled device is turned on, and the fully controlled device at both ends of the shunt resistor connected to the lower arm is blocked; the isolating switch of the upper arm in the driven branch is disconnected; the isolating switch of the lower arm in the driven branch is closed Full control device is turned on;
  • the switching timing command includes: a capacitor charging command, a capacitor discharging command, and a capacitor bypass command.
  • Figure 8 shows the current flow path of the full bridge submodule in the state of charge of the capacitor. All the fully controlled devices in the full bridge submodule FBSM are latched, and the current forms a path through the diode VD3, the capacitor and the VD2, which is in the submodule. Capacitor charging.
  • FIG. 9 shows a current flow path of a full bridge submodule in a capacitor discharge state, in which the full control device VT 1 and the full control device VT 4 are turned on, and the capacitor has a forward voltage.
  • the current through the current through the fully controlled device VT 4 , the capacitor and the fully controlled device VT 1 form a path through which the capacitor is discharged.
  • FIG. 10 shows a current flow path of the full bridge submodule in a capacitor bypass state, in which the fully controlled device VT 1 and the fully controlled device VT 4 are turned on, and the voltage across the capacitor is zero. , the current through VD3, full-controlled device VT 1, VT 4 full-controlled device and VD2 form two passages, the capacitor is bypassed.
  • the interpole current transfer switch is switched between the first working state and the second working state by the action of the active branch and the driven branch.
  • the inter-electrode current transfer switch can periodically switch the voltage polarity of the third-pole wire by periodically switching between the first working state and the second working state, and periodically change the voltage of the third-pole wire.
  • the polarity of the current under the premise of ensuring the power direction is unchanged, the periodic sharing of the current between the first pole conductor and the second pole conductor is realized.

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种新型极间电流转移开关，包括主动支路、从动支路、全桥子模块和控制模块；主动支路包括串联的上桥臂和下桥臂，从动支路也包括串联的上桥臂和下桥臂；主动支路的上桥臂和从动支路的上桥臂之间连接有第一极导线，主动支路的下桥臂和从动支路的下桥臂之间连接有第三极导线，主动支路的两个桥臂连接点与从动支路的两个桥臂连接点之间连接第二极导线。与现有技术相比，本发明提供的一种新型极间电流转移开关，减小了第三极导线电压极性翻转时，直流电流的变化速率，同时也减小了极间电流转移开关需要断开的电流。

Description

一种新型极间电流转移开关 技术领域
本发明涉及一种电流转移开关，具体涉及一种新型极间电流转移开关。
背景技术
近年，城市用电负荷不断增长，客观上要求电网规模与传输容量保持持续发展，然而目前城市电网普遍存在以下问题。
城市用电负荷增加，交流线路输送能力不足，线路走廊匮乏。对于重载的交流线路，无法通过加装FACTS装置大幅提高输送能力，而新建线路遇到的阻力越来越大，特别是进城的线路工程，在征地、环保方面难以得到支持。城市电网结构日益紧密，短路电流问题突出。
城市电网发展速度较快，电网线路相互交织，紧密程度较高，等效阻抗较小，导致电网的短路电流水平较高。如采用新建交流线路来解决城市电网供电能力不足的问题，将会造成电网进一步紧密，等效阻抗进一步减小，从而导致短路电流增大，影响电网安全运行。
城市电网无功电压调节日趋困难，电压稳定性问题不容忽视。城市电网中电缆线路日益增多，市区变电站受用地限制，感性无功配置普遍不足，无功电压调节日趋困难，尤其是电网低谷负荷时段，电压偏高情况严重。此外，城市电网中空调负荷、电动机负荷比重较大，由于快速的动态无功调整能力不足，电网高峰负荷时段动态电压稳定问题逐渐突出。
鉴于上述问题，有必要研究新的技术手段，既要充分发挥现有线路走廊的输电潜力，又要防止出现短路电流超标和动态无功支撑不足等问题。
从输电线路方面来看，制约交流线路传输容量的主要因素是绝缘耐受能力。目前，交流系统的绝缘按照电压峰值设计，但是传输容量是由电压有效值决定，仅为峰值的71％。研究表明，交流线路在直流方式下运行，由于绝缘层内的电场分布、发热情况等方面的差异，交流线路的直流绝缘强度几乎是交流电压的2～3倍或更大。另外，对于电缆线路，由于其电容要比架空线路大得多，如果采用交流输电方式并且当电缆长度超过一定数值(如40～60km)时，就会出现电容电流占用电缆芯线全部有效负载能力的情况，而采用直流输电方式，其稳态电容电流仅是由纹波电压引起，数值很小，故电缆的送电长度几乎不受电容电流的限制。
综上，需要提供一种将三相交流线路改造为柔性直流输电的方案，特别是需要提供一种极间电流转移开关，减小在其切换过程中需要断开的电流值。
发明内容
为了满足现有技术的需要，本发明提供了一种新型极间电流转移开关。
本发明的技术方案为：
所述开关包括主动支路、从动支路、全桥子模块和控制模块；所述主动支路包括串联的上桥臂和下桥臂，所述从动支路也包括串联的上桥臂和下桥臂；
所述主动支路的上桥臂和从动支路的上桥臂之间连接有第一极导线，主动支路的下桥臂和从动支路的下桥臂之间连接有第二极导线，主动支路的两个桥臂连接点与从动支路的两个桥臂连接点之间连接第三极导线。
优选的，所述主动支路的上桥臂与分流电阻连接后接入所述第一极导线；所述从动支路的下桥臂与分流电阻连接后接入所述第二极导线；
所述分流电阻端并联有全控型器件，用于旁路所述分流电阻；
优选的，所述主动支路的上桥臂和下桥臂，以及所述从动支路的上桥臂和下桥臂均为一个开关组件；所述开关组件包括串联的全控型器件和隔离开关；
优选的，所述主动支路中上桥臂的全控型器件的集电极与第一极导线连接，下桥臂的全控型器件的发射极与第二极导线连接；所述从动支路中上桥臂的全控型器件的发射极与第一极导线连接，下桥臂的全控型器件的集电极与第二极导线连接；
优选的，所述主动支路的上桥臂的全控型器件的集电极与第一直流系统的正极连接，下桥臂的全控型器件的发射极与第一直流系统的负极连接；所述从动支路的上桥臂的全控型器件的发射极与第二直流系统的正极连接，下桥臂的全控型器件的集电极与第二直流系统的负极连接；
优选的，所述全桥子模块包括依次并联的第一桥臂、电容器和第二桥臂；所述第一桥臂包括两个串联的全控型器件，所述全控型器件的连接点连接于所述主动支路的上桥臂和下桥臂之间；
所述第二桥臂也包括两个串联的全控型器件，所述全控型器件的连接点连接于所述从动支路的上桥臂和下桥臂之间；
所述全控型器件两端均并联有一个二极管，所述二极管的阳极与全控型器件的发射极连接，二极管的阴极与全控型器件的集电极连接；
优选的，所述控制模块，向所述主动支路和从动支路发送全控型器件的切换时序指令，从而调整主动支路的上桥臂导通或者断开，以及调整主动支路的下桥臂导通或者断开；
所述控制模块，向全桥子模块发送全控型器件的投切时序指令，调整全控型器件导通或者闭锁，从而改变全桥子模块的工作状态；
优选的，所述控制模块通过分别调整所述主动支路、从动支路和全桥子模块的工作状态，改变所述第三极导线的电压方向和电流方向，包括：
步骤1：向所述全桥子模块发送全控型器件的投切时序指令，所述投切时序指令为闭锁所有的全控型器件，所述全桥子模块的电容器开始充电；
步骤2：向所述主动支路和从动支路发送全控型器件的切换时序指令，同时向全桥子模块发送新的全控型器件的投切时序指令，从而改变第三极导线的电压方向和电流方向；
优选的，步骤2中切换时序指令包括：
所述主动支路中上桥臂的隔离开关闭合、全控型器件导通，与该上桥臂连接的分流电阻两端的全控型器件闭锁；主动支路中下桥臂的隔离开关断开，与该下桥臂连接的分流电阻两端的全控型器件导通；所述从动支路中上桥臂的隔离开关闭合、全控型器件导通；从动支路中下桥臂的隔离开关断开；
所述步骤2中投切时序指令包括电容器充电指令、电容器放电指令和电容器旁路指令；
优选的，步骤2中切换时序指令包括：
所述主动支路中上桥臂的隔离开关断开，与该上桥臂连接的分流电阻两端的全控型器件导通；主动支路中下桥臂的隔离开关闭合、全控型器件导通，与该下桥臂连接的分流电阻两端的全控型器件闭锁；所述从动支路中上桥臂的隔离开关断开；从动支路中下桥臂的隔离开关闭合、全控型器件导通；
所述步骤2中投切时序指令包括电容器充电指令、电容器放电指令和电容器旁路指令。
与最接近的现有技术相比，本发明的优异效果是：
1、本发明技术方案中，极间电流转移开关通过对第一种工作状态和第二种工作状态进行周期性切换，可以实现第三极导线的电压极性翻转，周期性的改变第三极导线的电压电流极性，在保证功率方向不变的前提下，实现第一极导线和第二极导线对电流的周期性分担；
2、本发明技术方案中，极间电流转移开关通过对全桥子模块的投切，可以减小转移开关在第一种工作状态和第二种工作状态切换过程中转移开关所需断开的电流；
3、本发明技术方案中，极间电流转移开关不需要各子模块直接串联，由全控型器件和隔离开关串联为开关组件，降低了开关组件。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明进一步说明。
图1：本发明实施例中一种新型极间电流转移开关结构示意图；
图2：本发明实施例中全桥子模块的结构示意图；
图3：本发明实施例中新型极间电流转移开关在状态1时的电流流通路径示意图；
图4：本发明实施例中新型极间电流转移开关在状态2时的电流流通路径示意图；
图5：本发明实施例中新型极间电流转移开关在状态1时的全桥子模块为电容充电状态的电流流通路径示意图；
图6：本发明实施例中新型极间电流转移开关在状态1时的全桥子模块为电容放电状态的电流流通路径示意图；
图7：本发明实施例中新型极间电流转移开关在状态1时的全桥子模块为电容旁路状态的电流流通路径示意图；
图8：本发明实施例中新型极间电流转移开关在状态2时的全桥子模块为电容充电状态的电流流通路径示意图；
图9：本发明实施例中新型极间电流转移开关在状态2时的全桥子模块为电容放电状态的电流流通路径示意图；
图10：本发明实施例中新型极间电流转移开关在状态2时的全桥子模块为电容旁路状态的电流流通路径示意图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
本发明提供的一种新型极间电流转移开关适用于新型紧凑化输电系统，利用了电容器的充放电，配合极间电流调制策略，防止极间电流变化过程中电流突变具有重要意义。
如图1所示，本发明实施例中的新型极间电流转移开关，包括主动支路、从动支路、全桥子模块和控制模块。其中
主动支路包括串联的上桥臂和下桥臂，从动支路也包括串联的上桥臂和下桥臂。
主动支路的上桥臂和从动支路的上桥臂之间连接有第一极导线，主动支路的下桥臂和从动支路的下桥臂之间连接有第二极导线，主动支路的两个桥臂连接点与从动支路的两个桥臂连接点之间连接第三极导线。其中，XL为导线电抗，RL为导线电阻。
1、主动支路
主动支路的上桥臂与分流电阻Ra连接后接入第一极导线，从动支路的下桥臂与分流电阻 Rb连接后接入第二极导线。分流电阻两端并联有全控型器件，用于旁路分流电阻，即分流电阻Ra的两端并联有全控型器件Tp，分流电阻Rb的两端并联有全控型器件Tn。
主动支路的上桥臂和下桥臂，以及从动支路的上桥臂和下桥臂均为一个开关组件，开关组件包括串联的全控型器件和隔离开关。如图1所示，主动支路中上桥臂包括开关组件S11，下桥臂包括开关组件S21，从动支路中上桥臂包括开关组件S12，下桥臂包括开关组件S22。
主动支路中上桥臂的全控型器件的集电极与第一极导线连接，下桥臂的全控型器件的发射极与第二极导线连接。主动支路的上桥臂的全控型器件的集电极与第一直流系统的正极连接，下桥臂的全控型器件的发射极与第一直流系统的负极连接。
2、从动支路
从动支路中上桥臂的全控型器件的发射极与第一极导线连接，下桥臂的全控型器件的集电极与第二极导线连接。从动支路的上桥臂的全控型器件的发射极与第二直流系统的正极连接，下桥臂的全控型器件的集电极与第二直流系统的负极连接。
3、全桥子模块
如图2所示，全桥子模块包括依次并联的第一桥臂、电容器Uc和第二桥臂。
第一桥臂包括两个串联的全控型器件VT1和全控型器件VT2，全控型器件VT1和全控型器件VT2的连接点连接于主动支路的上桥臂和下桥臂之间；第二桥臂也包括两个串联的全控型器件VT3和全控型器件VT4，全控型器件VT3和全控型器件VT4的连接点连接于从动支路的上桥臂和下桥臂之间。
全控型器件两端均并联有一个二极管，二极管的阳极与全控型器件的发射极连接，二极管的阴极与全控型器件的集电极连接。
4、控制模块
控制模块，向主动支路和从动支路发送全控型器件的切换时序指令，从而调整主动支路的上桥臂导通或者断开，以及调整主动支路的下桥臂导通或者断开；同时，控制模块，向全桥子模块发送全控型器件的投切时序指令，调整全控型器件导通或者闭锁，从而改变全桥子模块的工作状态。
控制模块通过分别调整主动支路、从动支路和全桥子模块的工作状态，改变第三极导线的电压方向和电流方向，包括：
步骤(1)向全桥子模块发送全控型器件的投切时序指令，投切时序指令为闭锁所有的全控型器件，全桥子模块的电容器开始充电；
步骤(2)向主动支路和从动支路发送全控型器件的切换时序指令，同时向全桥子模块发送新的全控型器件的投切时序指令，从而改变第三极导线的电压方向和电流方向。其中，该步骤中切换时序指令和投切时序指令包括两种工作状态：
第一种工作状态，
1、切换时序指令包括：主动支路中上桥臂的隔离开关闭合、全控型器件导通，与该上桥臂连接的分流电阻两端的全控型器件闭锁；主动支路中下桥臂的隔离开关断开，与该下桥臂连接的分流电阻两端的全控型器件导通；从动支路中上桥臂的隔离开关闭合、全控型器件导通；从动支路中下桥臂的隔离开关断开；
主动支路和从动支路执行所述切换时序指令后的电流流通示意图如图3所示，开关组件S11闭合，全控型器件Tp闭锁，分流电阻Ra投入，开关组件S21断开，全控型器件Tn触发，分流电阻Rb被旁路；开关组件S12闭合，开关组件S22断开，第一极导线和第三极导线并联共同承担直流电流，第二极导线独自承担全部返回电流；
2、投切时序指令包括：电容器充电指令、电容器放电指令和电容器旁路指令。
图5示出了全桥子模块为电容充电状态的电流流通路径，所述全桥子模块FBSM中所有全控型器件均闭锁，电流通过二极管VD1和VD4为全桥子模块中的电容器充电。
图6示出了全桥子模块为电容放电状态的电流流通路径，所述全桥子模块FBSM中全控型器件VT2和全控型器件VT3触发导通，电容器存在正向电压，电流通过电流通过VT2、电容器和VT3形成通路，电容器放电。
图7示出了全桥子模块为电容旁路状态的电流流通路径，所述全桥子模块FBSM中全控型器件VT2和全控型器件VT3触发导通，电容器两端电压为零，电流通过VD1和VT3、VT2和VD4形成两条通路，电容器被旁路。
第二种工作状态，
1、切换时序指令包括：主动支路中上桥臂的隔离开关断开，与该上桥臂连接的分流电阻两端的全控型器件导通；主动支路中下桥臂的隔离开关闭合、全控型器件导通，与该下桥臂连接的分流电阻两端的全控型器件闭锁；从动支路中上桥臂的隔离开关断开；从动支路中下桥臂的隔离开关闭合、全控型器件导通；
主动支路和从动支路执行所述切换时序指令后的电流流通示意图如图4所示，开关组件S11断开，全控型器件Tp触发，分流电阻Ra被旁路，开关组件S21闭合，全控型器件Tn闭锁，分流电阻Rb投入；开关组件S12断开，开关组件S22闭合，第一极导线独自承担全部直流电流，第二极导线和第三极导线并联共同承担返回电流。
2、投切时序指令包括：电容器充电指令、电容器放电指令和电容器旁路指令。
图8示出了全桥子模块为电容充电状态的电流流通路径，所述全桥子模块FBSM中所有全控型器件均闭锁，电流通过二极管VD3、电容器和VD2形成通路，为子模块中的电容充电。
图9示出了全桥子模块为电容放电状态的电流流通路径，所述全桥子模块FBSM中全控型器件VT1和全控型器件VT4触发导通，所电容器存在正向电压，电流通过电流通过全控型器件VT4、电容器和全控型器件VT1形成通路，电容器放电。
图10示出了全桥子模块为电容旁路状态的电流流通路径，所述全桥子模块FBSM中全控型器件VT1和全控型器件VT4触发导通，电容器两端电压为零，电流通过VD3、全控型器件VT1、全控型器件VT4和VD2形成两条通路，电容器被旁路。
本实施例中，极间电流转移开关通过主动支路和从动支路的动作，在上述第一种工作状态和第二种工作状态中切换。
在切换第一种工作状态或者第二种工作状态之前的某一时刻，将全桥子模块中所有的全控型器件全部闭锁，全桥子模块处于电容充电状态，使得流过主动支路或者从动支路的电流逐步减小，当该电流减小到一定程度，切换主动支路或者从动支路，第一种工作状态和第二种工作状态之间的切换，同时触发全桥子模块，全桥子模块由电容充电状态变为电容放电状态，直至电容器两端电压为零，全桥子模块将自动运行为电容旁路状态。
本实施例中，极间电流转移开关通过对第一种工作状态和第二种工作状态进行周期性切换，可以实现第三极导线的电压极性翻转，周期性的改变第三极导线的电压电流极性，在保证功率方向不变的前提下，实现第一极导线和第二极导线对电流的周期性分担。通过对全桥子模块的投切，可以减小转移开关在第一种工作状态和第二种工作状态切换过程中转移开关所需断开的电流。
最后应当说明的是：所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种新型极间电流转移开关，其特征在于，所述开关包括主动支路、从动支路、全桥子模块和控制模块；所述主动支路包括串联的上桥臂和下桥臂，所述从动支路也包括串联的上桥臂和下桥臂；
    所述主动支路的上桥臂和从动支路的上桥臂之间连接有第一极导线，主动支路的下桥臂和从动支路的下桥臂之间连接有第二极导线，主动支路的两个桥臂连接点与从动支路的两个桥臂连接点之间连接第三极导线。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的开关，其特征在于，所述主动支路的上桥臂与分流电阻连接后接入所述第一极导线；所述从动支路的下桥臂与分流电阻连接后接入所述第二极导线；
    所述分流电阻端并联有全控型器件，用于旁路所述分流电阻。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的开关，其特征在于，所述主动支路的上桥臂和下桥臂，以及所述从动支路的上桥臂和下桥臂均为一个开关组件；所述开关组件包括串联的全控型器件和隔离开关。
  4. 如权利要求1或3所述的开关，其特征在于，所述主动支路中上桥臂的全控型器件的集电极与第一极导线连接，下桥臂的全控型器件的发射极与第二极导线连接；所述从动支路中上桥臂的全控型器件的发射极与第一极导线连接，下桥臂的全控型器件的集电极与第二极导线连接。
  5. 如权利要求1或3所述的开关，其特征在于，所述主动支路的上桥臂的全控型器件的集电极与第一直流系统的正极连接，下桥臂的全控型器件的发射极与第一直流系统的负极连接；所述从动支路的上桥臂的全控型器件的发射极与第二直流系统的正极连接，下桥臂的全控型器件的集电极与第二直流系统的负极连接。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的开关，其特征在于，所述全桥子模块包括依次并联的第一桥臂、电容器和第二桥臂；所述第一桥臂包括两个串联的全控型器件，所述全控型器件的连接点连接于所述主动支路的上桥臂和下桥臂之间；
    所述第二桥臂也包括两个串联的全控型器件，所述全控型器件的连接点连接于所述从动支路的上桥臂和下桥臂之间；
    所述全控型器件两端均并联有一个二极管，所述二极管的阳极与全控型器件的发射极连接，二极管的阴极与全控型器件的集电极连接。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的开关，其特征在于，所述控制模块，向所述主动支路和从动支路发送全控型器件的切换时序指令，从而调整主动支路的上桥臂导通或者断开，以及调整主动 支路的下桥臂导通或者断开；
    所述控制模块，向全桥子模块发送全控型器件的投切时序指令，调整全控型器件导通或者闭锁，从而改变全桥子模块的工作状态。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的开关，其特征在于，所述控制模块通过分别调整所述主动支路、从动支路和全桥子模块的工作状态，改变所述第三极导线的电压方向和电流方向，包括：
    步骤1：向所述全桥子模块发送全控型器件的投切时序指令，所述投切时序指令为闭锁所有的全控型器件，所述全桥子模块的电容器开始充电；
    步骤2：向所述主动支路和从动支路发送全控型器件的切换时序指令，同时向全桥子模块发送新的全控型器件的投切时序指令，从而改变第三极导线的电压方向和电流方向。
  9. 如权利要求2或8所述的开关，其特征在于，步骤2中切换时序指令包括：
    所述主动支路中上桥臂的隔离开关闭合、全控型器件导通，与该上桥臂连接的分流电阻两端的全控型器件闭锁；主动支路中下桥臂的隔离开关断开，与该下桥臂连接的分流电阻两端的全控型器件导通；所述从动支路中上桥臂的隔离开关闭合、全控型器件导通；从动支路中下桥臂的隔离开关断开；
    所述步骤2中投切时序指令包括电容器充电指令、电容器放电指令和电容器旁路指令。
  10. 如权利要求2或8所述的开关，其特征在于，步骤2中切换时序指令包括：
    所述主动支路中上桥臂的隔离开关断开，与该上桥臂连接的分流电阻两端的全控型器件导通；主动支路中下桥臂的隔离开关闭合、全控型器件导通，与该下桥臂连接的分流电阻两端的全控型器件闭锁；所述从动支路中上桥臂的隔离开关断开；从动支路中下桥臂的隔离开关闭合、全控型器件导通；
    所述步骤2中投切时序指令包括电容器充电指令、电容器放电指令和电容器旁路指令。
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