WO2016156925A1 - Tronçon de mât d'éolienne, mât d'éolienne et procédé d'assemblage - Google Patents
Tronçon de mât d'éolienne, mât d'éolienne et procédé d'assemblage Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016156925A1 WO2016156925A1 PCT/IB2015/052440 IB2015052440W WO2016156925A1 WO 2016156925 A1 WO2016156925 A1 WO 2016156925A1 IB 2015052440 W IB2015052440 W IB 2015052440W WO 2016156925 A1 WO2016156925 A1 WO 2016156925A1
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- Prior art keywords
- mast
- connector
- width
- connectors
- section
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/34—Arrangements for erecting or lowering towers, masts, poles, chimney stacks, or the like
- E04H12/342—Arrangements for stacking tower sections on top of each other
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/02—Structures made of specified materials
- E04H12/08—Structures made of specified materials of metal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/02—Structures made of specified materials
- E04H12/08—Structures made of specified materials of metal
- E04H12/085—Details of flanges for tubular masts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/10—Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2230/00—Manufacture
- F05B2230/60—Assembly methods
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
- F05B2240/91—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
- F05B2240/912—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure on a tower
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- Windmill mast section Windmill mast section, wind turbine mast and assembly method
- the present invention relates to a wind turbine mast section having a longitudinal central axis extending in a longitudinal direction, the mast section comprising at least two tubular mast members stacked in the longitudinal direction and arranged edge to edge at a junction plane, each mast element comprising at least two wall segments, connected together by first connectors extending along the longitudinal edges of the wall segments, the mast section further comprising second connectors each extending straddling the two adjacent mast members in the longitudinal direction.
- masts of increased height and diameter. Due to their large dimensions, such masts can not be transported assembled. As a result, masts are generally transported in portions to their site of implantation prior to assembly in situ.
- wind turbine masts in which wind turbine wall segments are transported to the wind turbine installation site, and then these wall segments are assembled by means of first connectors for forming substantially tubular, generally cylindrical or frustoconical mast members, which are then successively assembled together by means of second connectors to form the wind turbine mast.
- An object of the invention is to provide a wind turbine mast, possibly of great height, having a longer life and can be transported easily and quickly and assembled at lower cost.
- the subject of the invention is a section of wind turbine mast in which each second connector extends in the longitudinal extension of a first connector, the second connector having an increasing width, from said first connector, of a first width substantially equal to the width of the first connector to a second width strictly greater than the first width, the second width being reached before the joining plane from the first connector.
- the mast section has one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination:
- the mast section has a tubular shape of polygonal cross section, each side of the polygon defining a facet of the mast section;
- each second connector extends over one facet of the mast section and the second width is greater than or equal to 50% of the width of the facet on which the second connector in question extends, taken at the junction plane between the adjacent mast elements;
- each wall segment comprises a central panel and two lateral panels forming an angle with the central panel;
- the second connectors are symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the first connector that they extend;
- the width of the second connector increases linearly from the first width to the second width
- each second connector comprises a substantially rectangular central portion extending astride the two adjacent wall elements and at least one trapezoid-shaped junction portion, extending from a respective first connector to the central portion; width of the junction portion varying from the first connector from the first width to the second width;
- the edges of the trapezium of the or each trapezium-shaped junction portion form an angle of between 30 and 55 ° with the base of the trapezium;
- the second connector comprises two junction portions flanking the central portion in the longitudinal direction;
- each second connector is symmetrical with respect to the junction plane
- each second connector extends on the one hand astride two circumferentially adjacent lateral panels of one of the mast elements and on the other hand on a central section of the other mast element;
- the mast section further comprises intermediate connectors disposed astride two adjacent mast elements, between two second connectors adjacent circumferentially; - Each intermediate connector straddles two centrally adjacent longitudinal sides of the two mast elements and each second connector straddles two circumferentially adjacent side panels of each of the adjacent mast elements.
- the invention also relates to a wind turbine mast comprising a mast section as described above.
- the invention also describes a method of assembling a mast section as described previously comprising:
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a wind turbine
- FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a portion of a wind turbine mast section
- FIG. 3 is a schematic exploded perspective view of a portion of the mast section of Figure 2;
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a junction zone between two mast elements of a mast section according to the invention, from inside the mast, illustrating an example of a second connector;
- FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4, illustrating another example of a second connector
- FIG. 6 is a schematic exploded perspective view of a portion of a mast section
- FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a portion of a wind turbine mast section according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 8 is a schematic view from above of the wind turbine mast section of FIG. 7;
- - Figure 9 is a schematic perspective exploded view of a portion of the mast section of Figure 7, only some connecting members being shown;
- - Figure 10 is a schematic perspective view of a portion of a wind turbine mast section according to a second embodiment;
- connection means the mechanical fixing by a connecting member, and in particular the fixing by bolting or by screwing. This term therefore does not include fixing by welding or brazing.
- longitudinal edges of an element, the edges of this element extending in the longitudinal direction.
- transverse edges means the edges of this element extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction.
- angular offset means the rotation of a constituent element of the mast along the central longitudinal axis L compared to an adjacent element.
- the constituent elements of the mast, the mast section and the mast elements are preferably made of metal, in particular steel, and especially from coils or steel plates.
- the mast section 1 for a wind turbine according to the invention is intended to form part of a mast 2 of a wind turbine 3.
- the wind turbine 3 comprises, at its upper end, a nacelle 5 and a rotor 7 mounted on the nacelle 5.
- the nacelle 5, mounted at the upper end of the mast 2 houses mechanical, electrical and electronic components for the operation of the wind turbine 3.
- the rotor 7 comprises a plurality of blades 9 intended to be driven in rotation about an axis of the rotor 5 by the energy the wind.
- the windmill mast 2 is intended to be anchored in the soil 10 of the implantation site, by any means known to those skilled in the art, in particular by foundations 1 1 adapted.
- the mast section 1 has a tubular shape with a central longitudinal axis L extending in a longitudinal direction.
- the longitudinal direction extends along the vertical of the implantation site.
- the mast section 1 has a frustoconical shape, narrowing towards the top of the mast 2.
- cone means any regulated surface defined by a generator passing through a vertex and a variable point describing a guide curve.
- the mast section 1 has an outside diameter of the order of 7 to 11 meters, and for example equal to 9 meters at its lower end and of the order of 2 to 4 meters, and for example equal to 4 meters, at its upper end. These diameters can however be adapted according to requirements of resistance, connection to the nacelle or related to the installation site.
- the mast section 1 preferably has a polygonal cross section. Each side of this polygon defines a facet of the wall of the mast section 1.
- a frustoconical polygonal shape has the advantage of getting closer to the frustoconical shape with a circular base, which is the shape with the best resistance to the wind whatever the orientation of the latter and the best inertia, while being very simple to manufacture, since it can in particular be made from wall segments obtained by simple folding or profiling of metal sheets.
- the mast section 1 has a cylindrical shape with a polygonal base of constant cross section.
- the mast section 1 comprises at least two mast elements 14, stacked in the longitudinal direction.
- the adjacent mast elements 14 of the mast section 1 are arranged edge to edge, along a junction plane P, with the necessary clearances for assembly.
- Each mast element 14 has a tubular shape with a central longitudinal axis coinciding with the central longitudinal axis L of the mast section 1. It has a general shape similar to that of the mast section 1.
- the mast element 14 has a frustoconical shape, preferably with a polygonal base, narrowing towards the top of the mast element 14.
- the mast element 14 also has a cylindrical shape with a polygonal base.
- Each mast element 14 comprises a plurality of wall segments 16 connected to each other by their longitudinal edges.
- the adjacent wall segments 16 of a mast element 14 are arranged edge to edge, along a junction line, with the necessary clearances for assembly.
- the mast members 14 are formed of a plurality of wall segments 16 connected to each other avoids being limited by the transport with respect to the final diameter of the mast element 14.
- the segments 16 are relatively compact and can be transported by standard trucks. They can then be assembled directly on the implantation site to obtain mast elements 14 having the desired diameter.
- the thickness of the wall segments 16 varies as a function of their position along the mast 2, decreasing from the base towards the top of the mast 2.
- the wall segments 16 have, for example, a thickness equal to 30 mm at the base of the mast 2 and 16 mm at the top of the mast 2.
- each wall segment 16 comprises a central panel 18 and two side panels 20.
- Each side panel 20 extends from a respective longitudinal edge of the central panel 18, forming an angle obtuse with the central panel 18.
- the side panels 20 stiffen the wall segments 16 and increase the resistance of said segments 16 to bending in the longitudinal direction.
- This type of wall segment 16 also has the advantage of being easily obtained by simply folding a metal sheet.
- Each facet of the associated mast section 1 then corresponds to the meeting of longitudinally adjacent facets of the stacked mast elements 14.
- the wall segments 16 are joined together by first connectors 26 extending along the longitudinal edges of the wall segments 16.
- the first connectors 26 are attached to the wall segments 16.
- Each first connector 26 straddles on two adjacent wall segments 16 of a mast element 14. It is attached to the adjacent side panels 20 of the two adjacent wall segments 16 of the mast element 14.
- each first connector 26 is attached to the corresponding wall segments 16 via first connecting members 27, including screws or bolts.
- the first connectors 26 comprise connection ports 28 intended to receive the first connecting members 27. These connection ports 28 are organized in the form of lines.
- the wall segments 16 also comprise connection orifices 29 organized in a network coinciding with that of the connection orifices 28 of the first connectors 26.
- first connecting members 27 and the connecting orifices 28, 29 are only shown in some of the figures.
- the first connectors 26 are planar. They are advantageously made by simple cutting from a steel sheet.
- the first connectors 26 are arranged inside the mast section 1.
- each first connector 26 extends over most of the height of the mast element 14.
- it extends over at least 60% of the height of the mast element 14, and more particularly at least 80% of the height of the mast element 14. This configuration improves the transmission of forces within the mast section 1.
- Each mast element 14 may comprise a single first connector 26 extending over substantially the entire height of the mast element 14 or several first connectors 26, extending in the longitudinal extension of each other and extending jointly on substantially the entire height of the mast element 14.
- the width of the first connectors 26 is constant over their entire height.
- Each first connector 26 has, in the illustrated examples, an elongated rectangular shape in the longitudinal direction.
- the width of the first connectors 26 is less than or equal to 40% of the width of the wall facet of the mast element 14 formed by the connection of the side panels 20 of the two wall segments 16 of the mast element 14 by means of said first connector 26. More particularly, it is less than or equal to 30% of this width.
- This width can be adapted for each connector 26 of the mast section 1 according to the efforts that the connector 26 will have to support. Preferably, for economic reasons and on-site logistics, all the first connectors 26 of the mast section 1 have the same width.
- the mast section 1 further comprises connecting means between the two mast elements 14 adjacent in the longitudinal direction.
- connection means comprise second connectors 30, each extending over two adjacent mast members 14 in the longitudinal direction, in the longitudinal extension of a respective first connector 26.
- the second connectors 30 are arranged inside the mast section 1.
- FIGS 4 and 5 illustrate examples of second connectors 30 according to the invention.
- each second connector 30 extends over a facet of the mast section 1, straddling the longitudinally adjacent facets of the mast elements 14 connected to each other by this second connector 30.
- the second connectors 30 are symmetrical with respect to a central longitudinal axis of the first connectors 26.
- the second connectors 30 are substantially planar. They are made of a piece. They are advantageously obtained by simple cutting from a steel sheet.
- the second connectors 30 have a variable width in the longitudinal direction. More particularly, for each second connector 30, the width increases, from the first connector 26 that it extends, and away from it, a first width L1 substantially equal to the width of the first connector 26 until at a second width L2, strictly greater than the first width.
- the second width L2 is reached before the junction plane P starting from the first connector 26.
- the second connector 30 thus has the second width L2 on either side of the junction plane P.
- the inventors have found that the maximum stresses in the second connectors 30 are noticeably lower than if second connectors of constant width equal to the first width or the second width are used throughout their height.
- the mast section 1 according to the invention has improved mechanical strength, which allows the manufacture of high poles with a reduced risk of buckling, and thus increases the duration of life of such masts.
- these connectors are simple to manufacture and allow a simple and inexpensive connection between mast elements 14.
- the shape of the second connectors 30 is particularly useful because the connector 30 straddles at least three wall segments 16, comprising two circumferentially adjacent segments and at least one longitudinally adjacent segment, as illustrated in FIGS.
- the second connectors 30 are located astride a longitudinal junction line between circumferentially adjacent wall segments 16 and on a transverse junction line between two longitudinally adjacent wall segments 16, and are thus subjected to rigidity in a multi-directional way.
- the second connectors 30, by their particular shape, are particularly adapted to withstand such stresses.
- the height of the width portion L2 of the second connector 30 is chosen according to the vertical stresses to be resumed at the junction between the two mast elements 14.
- the first width L1 of the second connector 30 is between 1 and 1, 2 times the width of the first connector 26 that it extends. This makes it possible to minimize a sudden change in rigidity at the junction of the first connector 26 and the second connector 30, which limits the concentration of stresses at this level.
- the first width L1 is equal to the width of the first connector 26.
- the ratio of these widths L1 to L2 is between 2 and 10. This optimizes the stress flows at the transition between two adjacent mast elements 14.
- the second width L2 is less than or equal to the width of the facet of the mast section 1 on which extends the second connector 30, taken at the junction plane P between the two mast elements 14.
- the width of the second connectors 30 increases linearly between the first width L1 at the first connector 26 and the second width L2. This shape is the best compromise between mechanical performance and manufacturing cost.
- the second connector 30 comprises a trapezoid-shaped junction portion 32 whose width increases from the width L1 to the width L2 away from the first connector 26.
- This junction portion 32 is extended longitudinally, in s away from the first connector 26, by a central portion 34 of width L2.
- the central portion 34 extends, in particular symmetrically, straddling the two adjacent mast elements 14.
- the edges of the trapezoid of the joining portion 32 form an angle ⁇ between 30 ° and 55 ° with the base of the trapezium. This improves the transmission of forces and the stiffness of the second connector 30.
- the angle a is advantageously equal to 45 ° for optimum transmission of forces between the mast elements 14 by the second connector 30.
- the second connectors 30 are fixed on the mast elements 14 by means of second connecting members 31, formed for example by screws or bolts.
- each second connector 30 comprises a regular network of connection ports 35 intended to receive the second connection members 31.
- This network is for example a network with rectangular mesh, and for example square mesh.
- the connection ports 35 are evenly distributed over the entire surface of the second connectors 30. The distance between adjacent connection ports 35 is chosen so as to optimize the mechanical strength and fatigue endurance as required.
- the mast segments 16 comprise an array of connection ports 33 coinciding with the network of connection ports 35 of the second connectors 30.
- connection ports 28 of the first connectors 26 and between the connection ports 35 of the second connectors 30 are identical so that within the mast section 1, the lines of the first connecting members 27 are extend in line with lines of second connection members 31.
- connection ports 35, 33 are shown only in some of the figures.
- mast section 1 In support of Figures 7 to 9, there is now more particularly described a mast section 1 according to a first embodiment.
- This section of mast 1 has all the features described above. It also presents the more specific features described in the following.
- all the mast elements 14 of the mast section 1 have the same angular orientation.
- the longitudinal edges of a wall segment 16 of the upper mast element 14 lie in the extension of the longitudinal edges of the adjacent wall segment 16 of the lower mast element 14.
- Each first connector 26 of the upper mast element 14 is disposed in the extending in the longitudinal direction of a first connector 26 of the lower mast member 14.
- Each second connector 30 is interposed, in the longitudinal direction, between a first connector 26 of the upper mast member 14 and a first connector 26 of the lower mast member 14. Each second connector 30 is positioned edge to edge with the first connectors 26 which surround it, with the necessary games for assembly.
- Each second connector 30 is attached, on the one hand, to two circumferentially adjacent wall segments 16 of one of the mast members 14 and, on the other hand, to two circumferentially adjacent wall segments 16 of the other mast 14. It is thus positioned astride four wall segments 16.
- the second connectors 30 are symmetrical with respect to the junction plane P between the two adjacent mast elements 14. They comprise a central portion 34 substantially rectangular, of constant width equal to the second width L2, framed in the longitudinal direction, by two trapezoid-shaped junction portions 32 as described above. Thus, in this embodiment, the second connectors 30 have an octahedral outline.
- the means of connection between them of the mast elements 14 may furthermore comprise intermediate connectors 36.
- the intermediate connectors 36 connect the mast elements 14 to one another at the level of the panels. 18 of their wall segments 16. They extend straddling the two adjacent mast members 14 being fixed to the central faces 18 of the wall segments 16 of these mast elements 14. They are arranged between two second connectors 30 circumferentially adjacent. They extend along the transverse edges of the mast elements 14.
- the intermediate connectors 36 are arranged inside the mast section 1. Intermediate connectors 36 are substantially planar. They present, in the example shown, a rectangular contour. They extend in a direction of elongation substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
- the intermediate connectors 36 have a width less than or equal to the width of the wall facet of the mast section 1 on which they are fixed, taken at the junction plane P between these mast elements 14. This wall facet is formed by joining the central sections 20 of the two longitudinally adjacent wall segments 16. By way of example, the intermediate connectors 36 have a width greater than or equal to 50% of the width of this wall facet, taken at the junction plane P between these mast elements 14. Intermediate connectors 36 participate in rigidity resistance along the mast 2, and more particularly between two adjacent mast elements 14.
- intermediate connectors 36 As they are solicited solely along a line, corresponding to the intersection of the intermediate connectors 36 with the junction plane P, the problems related to the variations in rigidity are less in comparison with what happens at the second connectors 30, which, they are located on a junction zone between four wall segments 16 and are therefore solicited in rigidity in a multi-directional manner. Therefore, intermediate connectors 36 of rectangular shape and of sufficient length provide sufficient rigidity.
- the intermediate connectors 36 are fixed to the wall segments 16 via third connection members 37, such as screws or bolts.
- Each intermediate connector 36 comprises a regular network of connection ports 38 intended to receive the third connection members 37.
- This network is for example a rectangular mesh network, for example square mesh.
- the connection ports 38 are evenly distributed over the entire surface of the intermediate connectors 36. The distance between adjacent connection ports 38 is chosen so as to optimize the mechanical strength and fatigue endurance as needed.
- the mast segments 16 comprise an array of connection ports 39 coinciding with the network of connection ports 38 of the intermediate connectors 36.
- Figures 10 and 1 1 more particularly illustrate a mast section 1 according to a second embodiment.
- This mast section 1 has all the characteristics described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. It also has the more particular characteristics described hereinafter.
- the longitudinally adjacent mast members 14 are angularly offset relative to each other so that the longitudinal edges of a wall segment 16 of the upper mast member 14 are not displaced. in the extension of the longitudinal edges of the longitudinally adjacent wall segment 16 of the lower mast element 14.
- the junction lines between circumferentially adjacent wall segments 16 of the upper mast element 14 are offset angularly with respect to the junction lines between segments. wall 16 circumferentially adjacent to the lower mast member 14. They do not extend in the extension of one another in the longitudinal direction.
- each central panel 18 of a wall segment 16 of the upper mast element 14 extends facing, in the longitudinal direction, of two adjacent side panels 20 of the lower mast element 14.
- first connectors 26 of the upper mast element 14 are angularly offset relative to the first connectors 26 of the lower mast element 14. They do not extend in line with each other.
- each second connector 30 is in contact, with the necessary clearances for assembly, with a single first connector 26.
- the second connectors 30 are not symmetrical with respect to the junction plane P of the two mast elements 14. They each comprise only the central portion 34 and a single junction portion 32 as described above, extending between the first connector 26 and the central portion 34. Thus, they do not include two junction portions 32 as in the first embodiment.
- the shape and the arrangement of the central portion 34 and the single junction portion 32 of the second connector 30 are identical to those of the second connector 30 according to the first embodiment.
- each second connector 30 is attached, on the one hand, to a single wall segment 16 of one of the wall elements 14 and, on the other hand, to two circumferentially adjacent wall segments 16 of the other mast element 14. It is thus positioned astride three wall segments 16.
- the second connectors 30 are fixed firstly on a central panel 18 of a wall segment 16 of one of the mast elements 14 and on the other hand straddling two circumferentially adjacent side panels 20 of two wall segments 16 of the other mast element 14.
- the mast section 1 comprises a second connector 30 on each of its facets, at the junctions between mast elements 14.
- the second connectors 30 are arranged head -bêche according to the circumference of the mast element 14.
- the junction portion 32 is thus arranged alternately above and below the central portion 34.
- the junction portion 32 is oriented with its tip in the direction of the first connector 26 that it extends. It is oriented with its tip upwardly when the second connector 30 extends the first connector 26 from below, and downwardly when the second connector 30 extends the first connector 26 from above.
- the wind turbine mast section 1 according to this embodiment has all the advantages of the wind turbine mast section 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the circumferential offset of the mast elements 14 improves the mechanical strength of the mast section 1 and the mast 2 insofar as the junction lines between wall segments 16 of the adjacent mast elements 14 , materialized by the first connectors 26, are not disposed opposite in the longitudinal direction. Indeed, the mechanically weaker zones are thus better distributed along the circumference of the mast section 1, which further improves the mechanical strength of the wind turbine mast 2.
- the invention also relates to a wind turbine mast 2 comprising at least one mast section 1 as described above.
- the wind turbine mast 2 is formed by stacking, in the longitudinal direction, such mast sections 1.
- the mast sections 1 are preferably also stacked in an angularly offset manner so that the junction lines between the wall segments 16 of the lower mast element 14 of the upper section 1 are not arranged opposite the junction lines between wall segments 16 of the upper mast element 14 of the lower section 1.
- the invention also relates to a method of assembling a mast section 1 as described above.
- This assembly process comprises:
- the two mast members 14 are stacked with the same angular orientation so that each first connector 26 of the upper mast member 14 extends into the extension, in the longitudinal direction, of a first connector 26 of the lower mast element 14.
- the second connectors 30 are arranged, in the longitudinal direction, between two first connectors 26 respectively belonging to the lower mast element 14 and the upper mast element 14.
- the mast elements 14 are stacked angularly offset so that the junction lines between wall segments 16 of the upper mast element 14 they are not facing junction lines between wall segments 16 of the lower mast element 14.
- one of the mast configurations 1 calculated in accordance with the current calculation codes shows reductions of these constraints of 8% compared to the stresses that the mast 1 would undergo if the second connectors were of conventional rectangular shape.
- the second connectors 30 according to the invention also make it possible to increase the value of the first eigenmode of the mast 2 and to improve the resistance to global instability of the order of 30 MPa in terms of maximum permissible vertical load.
- the second connectors 30 according to the invention also allow a slight increase in the resonance frequency.
- the mast 2 has a frustoconical shape with a polygonal cross section and a height of 140 meters.
- the diameter of the mast 2 varies from 9 m at its base to 4 m at the summit.
- the wall segments 16 each have a height of 12 m, and a thickness of between 17 mm and 24 mm depending on their vertical position on the mast 2, the thickness decreasing towards the top of the mast 2.
- the mast 2 comprises 20 facets, the cross section of the mast 2 being formed by a 20-sided polygon.
- the width of the facets varies from 1.4 m to 0.6 m depending on the vertical position on the mast 2.
- the mast 2 is provided with first connectors 26 of rectangular shape with a width equal to 200 mm and height varying according to the position on the mast 2 on average 1 1, 59 m for the first connectors 26 located at the base of the mast 2 to 1 1, 17 m for the first connectors 26 located at the top of the mast 2.
- the second connectors 30 have an octahedral shape with a junction portion 32 of trapezoidal shape.
- the width L1 at the top of the joining portion 32 is 200 mm.
- the angle a between the edges of the trapezium and its base is equal to 45 °.
- the central portion 34 is rectangular and has a width L2 ranging from 1.2 m at the base of the mast 2 to 0.6 m at the top of the mast 2, depending on the vertical position of the second connector 30 considered on the mast 2.
- the height of the central portion 34 varies, depending on the vertical position of the second connector 34 considered along the mast 2, from 800 mm at the base of the mast 2 to 400 mm at the top of the mast 2.
- the height of the second connectors 30 ranges from 1.3 m to 0.6 m, depending on their position, respectively, at the bottom and at the top of mast 2.
- the intermediate connectors 36 have a rectangular shape. Their height varies, according to their position on the mast 2, from 800 mm down the mast 2 to 400 mm at the top of the mast 2. The width of the intermediate connectors 36 varies from 1.2 m to the base of the mast 2 to 0, 6 m at the top of the mast 2, depending on the vertical position of the connector 36 on the mast 2.
- the thickness of all the connectors 26, 30, 36 was taken equal to 16 mm. Note that in practice, the thickness of the connectors 26, 30, 36 can be up to 18 mm, depending on the stresses.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PL15720464T PL3277952T3 (pl) | 2015-04-02 | 2015-04-02 | Odcinek masztu turbiny wiatrowej, maszt turbiny wiatrowej i sposób montażu |
ES15720464T ES2730968T3 (es) | 2015-04-02 | 2015-04-02 | Sección de torre de aerogenerador, torre de aerogenerador y procedimiento de ensamblaje |
CA2981545A CA2981545C (fr) | 2015-04-02 | 2015-04-02 | Troncon de mat d'eolienne, mat d'eolienne et procede d'assemblage |
PT15720464T PT3277952T (pt) | 2015-04-02 | 2015-04-02 | Troço de torre de turbina eólica, torre de turbina eólica e procedimento de montagem |
EP15720464.5A EP3277952B1 (fr) | 2015-04-02 | 2015-04-02 | Tronçon de mât d'éolienne, mât d'éolienne et procédé d'assemblage |
BR112017020717-6A BR112017020717B1 (pt) | 2015-04-02 | 2015-04-02 | Seção de torre, torre de turbina eólica e método para montar uma seção de torre |
PCT/IB2015/052440 WO2016156925A1 (fr) | 2015-04-02 | 2015-04-02 | Tronçon de mât d'éolienne, mât d'éolienne et procédé d'assemblage |
DK15720464.5T DK3277952T3 (da) | 2015-04-02 | 2015-04-02 | Tårnafsnit til vindkraftanlæg, vindkraftanlægstårn og fremgangsmåde til samling |
US15/563,615 US10041269B2 (en) | 2015-04-02 | 2015-04-02 | Wind turbine tower section, wind turbine tower and assembly method |
CN201580079567.5A CN107532570B (zh) | 2015-04-02 | 2015-04-02 | 风力涡轮机塔架部段、风力涡轮机塔架及组装方法 |
HRP20190931TT HRP20190931T1 (hr) | 2015-04-02 | 2019-05-20 | Segment stupa vjetroturbine, stup vjetroturbine i postupak sastavljanja |
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PCT/IB2015/052440 WO2016156925A1 (fr) | 2015-04-02 | 2015-04-02 | Tronçon de mât d'éolienne, mât d'éolienne et procédé d'assemblage |
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PCT/IB2015/052440 WO2016156925A1 (fr) | 2015-04-02 | 2015-04-02 | Tronçon de mât d'éolienne, mât d'éolienne et procédé d'assemblage |
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US (1) | US10041269B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3277952B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN107532570B (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112017020717B1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2981545C (fr) |
DK (1) | DK3277952T3 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2730968T3 (fr) |
HR (1) | HRP20190931T1 (fr) |
PL (1) | PL3277952T3 (fr) |
PT (1) | PT3277952T (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2016156925A1 (fr) |
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PT3874163T (pt) * | 2018-10-30 | 2022-12-22 | Arcelormittal | Secção de mastro de turbina eólica, mastro de turbina eólica e processo de montagem |
PT3874164T (pt) * | 2018-10-30 | 2022-12-22 | Arcelormittal | Secção de mastro de turbina eólica, mastro de turbina eólica e método de montagem |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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BR112017020717B1 (pt) | 2022-09-13 |
EP3277952B1 (fr) | 2019-02-27 |
HRP20190931T1 (hr) | 2019-08-23 |
CN107532570B (zh) | 2019-07-05 |
BR112017020717A2 (pt) | 2018-06-26 |
PL3277952T3 (pl) | 2019-08-30 |
CA2981545A1 (fr) | 2016-10-06 |
ES2730968T3 (es) | 2019-11-13 |
CA2981545C (fr) | 2022-07-12 |
CN107532570A (zh) | 2018-01-02 |
EP3277952A1 (fr) | 2018-02-07 |
US10041269B2 (en) | 2018-08-07 |
US20180087287A1 (en) | 2018-03-29 |
DK3277952T3 (da) | 2019-06-03 |
PT3277952T (pt) | 2019-06-05 |
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