WO2016155667A1 - PTCR-xthm电热芯片为热源的电动汽车智能暖气机系统 - Google Patents

PTCR-xthm电热芯片为热源的电动汽车智能暖气机系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016155667A1
WO2016155667A1 PCT/CN2016/078338 CN2016078338W WO2016155667A1 WO 2016155667 A1 WO2016155667 A1 WO 2016155667A1 CN 2016078338 W CN2016078338 W CN 2016078338W WO 2016155667 A1 WO2016155667 A1 WO 2016155667A1
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Prior art keywords
heat source
xthm
ptcr
electric
electric heating
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PCT/CN2016/078338
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王晨
王克政
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王晨
王克政
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Application filed by 王晨, 王克政 filed Critical 王晨
Priority to JP2017552086A priority Critical patent/JP2018511525A/ja
Publication of WO2016155667A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016155667A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/2215—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters
    • B60H1/2221—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from electric heaters arrangements of electric heaters for heating an intermediate liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H2001/2228—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant controlling the operation of heaters
    • B60H2001/224—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant controlling the operation of heaters automatic operation, e.g. control circuits or methods

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of electric vehicle intelligent air conditioning heating technology, and more particularly relates to an electric vehicle heater system which specifically relates to a PTCR-xthm electric heating chip as a heat source.
  • the electric car heater system and the domestic and foreign referenced air-conditioning heat pump circulation system take in the heat in the ambient air: the heat pump system standard condition condensation temperature: 54 °C.
  • the refrigeration is still acceptable, and the heat source is obviously insufficient, which cannot meet the all-weather functional requirements of electric vehicles. Coupled with the limited power consumption (EV) electric vehicle battery capacity, resulting in short cruising range, almost impossible to adopt.
  • EV-electric vehicles are pure electric vehicles.
  • the US Tesla electric car and the Hummer chariot currently have no better technology to solve the problem of the cruising range of the EV electric vehicle and the driving problem of the Hummer chariot all-weather.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle with a PTCR-xthm electric heating chip which can provide all-weather driving and provide an effective heating method for EV and HEV and other automobiles and engineering vehicles as a heat source in order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art. Intelligent heater system.
  • an electric vehicle intelligent heating system with a PTCR-xthm electric heating chip as a heat source which is characterized in that it comprises a PTCR-xthm electric heating chip heat source host and an ECU (microcomputer control system).
  • the safety constant temperature constant pressure device, the coolant tank, the variable pump and the heat exchanger for the heat storage, the outlet end of the PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source main unit is connected with the inlet end of the safety constant temperature constant voltage device for heat storage, and the heat storage is safe and constant.
  • the outlet end of the pressure device is connected to the inlet end of the heat exchanger, the outlet end of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet end of the coolant tank, the outlet end of the coolant tank is connected to the inlet end of the variable pump, and the outlet end of the variable pump is connected to the PTCR-xthm electric heating.
  • the PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source host includes an upper cover, a plurality of electric heating chip heat source modules, a water inlet end cover, and a water outlet end cover, and the upper cover covers the plurality of pieces of electricity.
  • the water inlet end cover and the water outlet end cover are respectively disposed on the end sides of the plurality of electric heating chip heat source modules, wherein the electric heating chip heat source module is provided with an inlet and outlet water passage, and the two ends of the inlet and outlet water passages are respectively connected to the water inlet.
  • the plurality of electric heating chip heat source modules are arranged in a superposed manner from top to bottom, and an insulating and heat conducting film is disposed between the upper cover plate and the electric heating chip heat source module below and between the adjacent upper and lower electric heating chip heat source modules.
  • connection position of the water inlet end cover and the electric chip heat source module, the connection position of the water outlet end cover and the electric chip heat source module are all provided with a sealing member for sealing.
  • the water inlet end cover and the water outlet end cover are a metal substrate or a non-metal substrate
  • the metal substrate material is a rare earth aluminum alloy, a stainless steel, a titanium alloy or a copper material
  • the non-metal substrate material is a functional ceramic, a crystallized glass, a quartz glass, One of the silicone resins.
  • the electric heating chip heat source module comprises a PTCR-xthm electric heating chip heat source substrate and a rare earth thick film circuit disposed thereon, and the rare earth thick film circuit is vertically stacked or laterally distributed in the form of a thick film circuit and a thick film resistor circuit, and several layers are integrated
  • a rare earth thick film circuit in a plane or a plurality of curved surfaces is prepared by screen printing and sintering; the rare earth thick film circuit on the curved surface is prepared by casting, filming/HIP process.
  • the heat storage safety constant temperature constant pressure device is provided with a temperature sensing device, a pressure sensing device and a safety exhaust valve, and the saturated steam temperature of the heat storage safety constant temperature constant pressure device is 180 degrees Celsius.
  • the ECU is provided with a power socket, a plug, a power socket, a plug connected to a PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source host, and is connected with a positive and negative pole of a high-energy battery power source, the voltage of the high-energy battery power source is 110-410V, and the power is 3-30 kW according to the user. Design is required.
  • the PTCR-xthm electric heating chip heat source host is applied to a large-capacity, multi-functional engineering vehicle and a bus, and the outlet end of the safety constant temperature constant voltage device for storing heat is connected to the inlet of two or more heat exchangers arranged in parallel. At the end, the outlet ends of the two or more heat exchangers are connected to the inlet end of the coolant tank.
  • the invention adopts an innovative PTCR-xthm electric heating chip as a heat source electric vehicle intelligent heating system, which has fast thermal response, excellent thermal performance, high efficiency and energy saving, safety and reliability, high cost performance, small size and intelligent control;
  • the combined heat source is not affected by the operating conditions of the vehicle, and has large capacity and wide application range. It is suitable for electric vehicles, engineering instrument vehicles, various ships, tank heating systems, industrial, agricultural, engineering vehicles, military Such as field equipment and water supply heating and heating (gas) systems and water products system for household and commercial appliances.
  • the PTCR-xthm electric heating chip of the invention can be vertically stacked or laterally distributed in the form of a thick film circuit and a thick film resistor circuit, and integrates several layers in one plane or a plurality of curved surfaces to control the gradient temperature of the thick film circuit electric heating chip.
  • the control precision and sensitivity can be greatly improved, multi-temperature zone gradient setting can be realized, and intelligent operation can be operated efficiently.
  • the PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source host of the present invention is composed of n PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source modules, and the heat source module can be combined according to the model and design capacity; compared with the traditional automobile, the electric vehicle heating system design requirements are more scientific and more Rigorous and more humane.
  • the surface thermal response of the PTCR-xthm electrothermal chip of the present invention is 250 ° C / sec and above, the surface thermal load can reach 230 w / cm 2 ; the far infrared wave high-temperature emissivity reaches: 95% (normal); not only the manufacturing cost is low Easy to form, high thermal efficiency, uniform temperature field, excellent thermal performance, and suitable for new energy sources, high and low voltage, AC and DC power supply can start. High strength, large size, high integration, and high temperature far infrared function.
  • Figure 1 is a structural view of an overall embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a structural view of a PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source host according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • ECU 3 safety constant temperature and constant pressure device for heat storage 4
  • coolant tank 5 variable pump
  • the invention relates to an electric vehicle intelligent heating system with a PTCR-xthm electric heating chip as a heat source, which comprises a PTCR-xthm electric heating chip heat source host 1, an ECU (microcomputer control system) 2, a safety constant temperature constant voltage device for heat storage 3, and cooling.
  • the outlet end of the PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source host 1 is connected to the inlet end of the heat storage constant temperature constant voltage device 3, and the outlet end of the heat storage safety constant temperature constant pressure device 3 is connected with the inlet end of the heat exchanger 6, for changing
  • the outlet end of the heat exchanger 6 is connected to the inlet end 4 of the coolant tank, the outlet end of the coolant tank 4 is connected to the inlet end of the variable pump 5, and the outlet end of the variable pump 5 is connected to the inlet end of the heat source host 1 of the PTCR-xthm electric chip.
  • the ECU 2 is connected to the PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source main unit 1, and the heat exchanger 6 is provided with a temperature sensor (not shown), and the signal output end of the temperature sensor is connected to the ECU 2.
  • the PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source host 1 includes an upper cover 11 , a plurality of electric chip heat source modules 12 , a water inlet end cover 13 , and a water outlet end cover 14 .
  • the upper cover 11 covers the heat generating module 12 of the electric heating chip.
  • the water end cover 13 and the water outlet end cover 14 are disposed on the end sides of the plurality of electric chip heat source modules 12, and the water inlet and outlet passages 15 are disposed in the water inlet end cover 13, the water outlet end cover 14, and the electric chip heat source module 12.
  • the inlet and outlet channels 15 of the electrothermal chip heat source module 12 are processed by a special process, such as a rare earth aluminum alloy substrate water channel drawn by a special mold, and the composite ceramic material substrate is prepared by a molding method;
  • the flat portion of the thick film circuit is prepared by screen printing and sintering;
  • the rare earth thick film circuit on the curved surface is prepared by casting, filming and HIP process.
  • the HIP process ie hot isostatic pressing (HIP), is a process technology that integrates high temperature and high pressure.
  • a plurality of electric heating chip heat source modules 12 are arranged in this order from top to bottom, and an insulating heat conductive film 16 is disposed between the electric heating chip heat source module 12 under the upper cover 11 and the adjacent upper and lower electric heating chip heat source modules 12.
  • the connection position of the inlet end cover 13, the outlet end cover 14 and the electric chip heat source module 12 is provided with a sealing member 17 for sealing.
  • the water inlet end cover 13 and the water outlet end cover 14 are metal substrates or non-metal substrates, and the metal substrate material is rare earth aluminum alloy, stainless steel, titanium alloy or copper material, and the composite material is aluminum copper Cu+, aluminum steel, titanium copper Cu+, aluminum.
  • the non-metal substrate material is one of functional ceramics, glass ceramics, quartz glass, and silicone resin.
  • the electric chip heat source module 12 comprises a PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source substrate and a rare earth thick film circuit disposed thereon, and the rare earth thick film circuit is vertically stacked or laterally distributed in the form of a thick film circuit and a thick film resistor circuit, and the layers are integrated in one plane. Or a plurality of curved surface rare earth thick film circuits are prepared by screen printing and sintering; the rare earth thick film circuit on the curved surface is prepared by casting, filming/HIP process.
  • the heat storage safety constant temperature constant pressure device 3 is provided with a temperature sensing device, a pressure sensing device and a safety exhaust valve, and the saturated steam temperature of the heat storage safety constant temperature constant pressure device 3 is 180 degrees Celsius.
  • ECU2 is equipped with a power socket, plug, power socket, plug to connect PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source host 1, and is connected with the high and negative battery power supply positive and negative, high-energy battery power supply voltage is 110-410V, power 3-30 kW according to user requirements design.
  • This embodiment is a heater system of an EV-electric vehicle.
  • the system includes PTCR-xthm chip heat source host 1, ECU (microcomputer control system) 2, heat storage constant temperature constant voltage device 3, coolant tank 4, variable pump 5 and heat exchanger 6 and heat medium circulation intelligent management system.
  • the flow structure is: the outlet end of the PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source host 1 is connected with the inlet end of the heat storage constant temperature constant voltage device 3, and the outlet end of the constant temperature constant pressure device 3 is connected with the inlet end of the heat exchanger 6, and the heat exchange
  • the outlet end of the heater 6 is connected to the inlet end of the coolant tank 4, the outlet end of the coolant tank 4 is connected to the inlet end of the variable water pump 5, and the outlet end of the variable water pump 5 is connected to the inlet end of the PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source host 1.
  • the power socket and plug of the ECU are connected to the PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source host 1 and connected to the positive and negative poles of the high-energy battery power supply.
  • the heat exchanger 6 is provided with a sensor connection ECU 2 (microcomputer control system).
  • the ECU automatically adjusts the displacement of the variable pump 5 according to the temperature signal, and controls the temperature efficiently.
  • High-energy battery power supply is selected from 110-330 volts.
  • the power of 3-5 kW is designed according to user requirements.
  • the primary charging capacity is above 230 kVA; the outdoor temperature is below 18 °C, and the whole process heating mileage can reach more than 300 km.
  • the gasoline engine heating system is composed of an engine, a water pump, a heat medium, a heat exchanger and a motor for supplying air.
  • the heat medium is the coolant of the engine, and the coolant that absorbs the increase in the heat temperature of the engine is subjected to the wind in the heat exchanger to heat and heat the interior of the vehicle.
  • the EV electric vehicle heater designed with the engine car as the prototype can use the original gasoline vehicle mechanism as long as there is coolant, electric chip heat source and electric water pump.
  • the heating system of the EV-electric vehicle mainly designs the shape of the PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source module according to the structure of the vehicle, the power socket, the heat medium system connection and the ECU microcomputer control system.
  • the design of the model is flexible, and the installation and maintenance are convenient.
  • the medium is preferably a glycol-type coolant.
  • the heat medium has high efficiency, small viscosity, good fluidity, mildew proof, anti-scaling and anti-boiling.
  • This embodiment is a construction vehicle heater system.
  • the system includes PTCR-xthm chip heat source host 1, ECU (microcomputer control system) 2, variable water Pump 5, heat exchanger system and heat medium circulation intelligent management system.
  • the flow structure is: the outlet end of the PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source host 1 is connected to the inlet end of the heat storage constant temperature constant voltage device 3, and the outlet end of the constant temperature constant pressure device 3 and the heat exchangers 6-1, 6-2, The inlet end of 6-3 is connected, the outlet end of the heat exchangers 6-1, 6-2, 6-3 is connected to the inlet end of the coolant tank 4, and the outlet end of the coolant tank 4 is connected to the inlet end of the variable water pump 5 The outlet end of the variable water pump 5 is connected to the inlet end of the heat source heat source host 1.
  • the power socket and plug of the ECU are connected to the heat source host and connected to the positive and negative poles of the high-energy battery power supply.
  • the heat exchanger is provided with a sensor connected to the ECU.
  • the ECU microcomputer control system automatically adjusts the variable pump displacement according to the temperature signal to efficiently control the temperature.
  • High-energy battery power supply is selected from 110-330 volts. Power 3-30 kW is designed according to user requirements.
  • the engineering vehicle heater system mainly designs the shape of the PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source module according to the vehicle structure, the power socket, the heat medium system connection and the ECU microcomputer control system.
  • the design of the model is flexible, and the installation and maintenance are convenient.
  • the EV-electric vehicle heater system in the embodiment the engineering vehicle heater system. After the module is combined, there will be more ports. It is better to choose plug-in terminals for aviation electrical appliances or design special-purpose patch cord terminals for safety and reliability.
  • PTCR-xthm electric heating chip modular combination of various intelligent heating system, temperate and cold belt function requirements can be designed according to market demand. Ships, tanks, and special vehicles can be designed to meet the requirements of “all-weather”.
  • the PTCR-xthm chip used in the present invention is a heat source for a large-capacity, multi-function electric vehicle, and an intelligent heater system for an automobile:
  • the PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source module is compact and simple in structure.
  • the overall structure of the heater is designed flexibly according to the model and capacity.
  • the gasoline car heating system consists of an engine, a water pump, a heat medium, a heat exchanger, and a motor that supplies air.
  • the heat medium is the coolant of the engine, and the coolant that absorbs the increase in the heat temperature of the engine is subjected to the wind in the heat exchanger to heat and heat the interior of the vehicle.
  • the EV electric vehicle heater designed on the basis of the engine car can use the mechanism of the gasoline vehicle as long as there is a coolant, an electric chip heat source and an electric water pump.
  • EV-electric car heating system mainly based on the car structure design PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source module shape, power socket, heat medium system connection and ECU microcomputer control system.
  • the design of the model is flexible, and the installation and maintenance are convenient.
  • engineering vehicle heating system mainly based on the vehicle structure design PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source module shape, power socket, heat medium system connection and ECU microcomputer control system.
  • the design of the model is flexible, and the installation and maintenance are convenient.
  • the heating of the model supporting facilities such as filters and tubing can be separately selected or designed for rare earth thick film circuit heating elements.
  • Engineering vehicle, bus, and other vehicle cab intelligent control systems can be connected to or replace the ECU microcomputer control system.
  • the rare earth thick film electric heating elements used for heating the engine inlet fuel temperature can be specially designed and manufactured according to the structure of the vehicle. Special areas, special vehicles, can also innovatively design and prepare rare earth thick film circuits on the fuel tank.
  • Microcomputer program control the temperature will be below 5 °C and the electric heating will start. The low temperature -25 °C will keep the fuel tank temperature above 10 °C.
  • the medium is preferably a glycol-type coolant.
  • the heat medium has high efficiency, small viscosity, good fluidity, mildew proof, anti-scaling and anti-boiling.
  • the surface heat load can reach 230w/cm2
  • PTCR-xthm electric heating chip not only has low manufacturing cost, easy molding, high thermal efficiency, uniform temperature field and excellent thermal performance. Moreover, it is suitable for new energy sources, and high and low voltage, AC and DC power sources can be started. High strength, large size, high integration, and high temperature far infrared function. It is the national patent technology.
  • the novel energy source of the invention such as solar energy, wind energy, high-energy storage battery and smart grid system, can be used for high and low voltage, AC and DC power sources.
  • Modular combined heat sources are not affected by vehicle operating conditions. Large capacity and wide application range, it is suitable for electric vehicles, engineering instrument vehicles, various types of ships, chariot heating system, and also for industrial, agricultural, engineering vehicles, military and other field facilities and water supply heating (gas) System and water product system for household and commercial appliances.
  • the PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source module is the best technical solution to solve the problems of EV electric vehicles and car radiators.
  • the electric vehicle and car heater system with PTCR-xthm electric chip heat source module as the core are the first in China and abroad.
  • the substrate may also be an aluminum steel composite, a titanium-copper composite, an aluminum-titanium composite or the like.
  • the rare earth thick film circuit can be prepared with fewer layers, thick film circuits and series, calculus circuits, semiconductor digital circuits, AC and DC circuits, pulse digital circuits, and the like.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

一种PTCR-xthm电热芯片为热源的电动汽车智能暖气机系统，它包括PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机（1）、ECU（2）、蓄热用安全恒温恒压器（3）、冷却液箱（4）、变量泵（5）及换热器（6），PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机（1）、蓄热用安全恒温恒压器（3）、换热器（6）、冷却液箱（4）、变量泵（5）、PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机（1）依次连接；ECU（2）连接控制PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机（1），换热器（6）设有温度传感器，温度传感器的信号输出端连接ECU。媒介流经电热芯片热源模块即被加热至设定温度，水温可在100摄氏度内调控，饱和温度可在180摄氏度内调控。

Description

PTCR-xthm电热芯片为热源的电动汽车智能暖气机系统 技术领域
本发明涉及电动汽车智能空调制热技术领域，更具体的是涉及一种具体涉及PTCR-xthm电热芯片为热源的电动汽车暖气机系统。
背景技术
近期，由于新能源电热领域创新技术、知识产权维护被提到重要地位，稀土厚膜电路电热技术、控制技术、应用技术得以迅猛发展。随着智能电热领域科技的不断创新，以PTCR-xthm电热芯片为热源的大容量、多功能智能供水供暖供热(气)集热器系统，舰船、战车、工程车、电动汽车暖气机系统工程将呈现迅猛发展的势头。相对传统汽车，电动汽车的暖气机系统设计要求更科学，更严谨，更人性化。
进入二十一世纪，汽车尾气排放产生的污染危害越发严重，弊端是公知的。呼唤绿色交通是全人类的呐喊，在雾霾《穹顶之下》的今天，尤其是在被称为“史上最严”的新环保法今年开始正式实施的今天，呼唤绿色出行，唤醒科技界对环境的关注，推动环保科技事业的发展，从根本上治理改造污染源，来面对“我们今天恐怕是人类历史上从来没有的环境的挑战”,才是每一个科技工作者的第一职责，第一要务。
目前，电动汽车暖气机系统和国内、外引用的汽车空调热泵循环系统(逆卡诺循环)摄取的是环境空气中的热量：热泵系统标况冷凝温度：54℃。制冷尚可，热源明显不足，无法满足电动汽车全天候功能要求。加之功耗大(EV)电动汽车电池容量所限，造成续航里程短，几乎无法采用。注：EV-电动汽车即纯电动汽车。
日本三菱等厂商仍在使用钛酸钡(PTC)块，即PTC(正温度系数：Positive  Temperature Coefficient)块加热器，日本康奈开发出用于(EV)电动汽车的低价位镍铬线电阻丝加热方式。由于钛酸钡(PTC)块技术先天不足，其致命的弱点是功率衰竭严重、功耗大，根本无解。镍铬线虽然价格便宜，却没有抑制发热的功能。由于EV电动汽车中用于加热的防冻液具有可燃性，镍铬线加热器具有热惰性，加载350V电压时为5kW，电压范围为240～420V，很显然，镍铬线加热丝有明火，不安全、功耗大、效率低。
美国特斯拉电动车、悍马战车现时均无更好的技术解决EV电动汽车续航里程问题、悍马战车全天候驾驶问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了解决现有技术之不足而提供的一种可以做到全天候驾驶，为EV和HEV及其他汽车、工程车提供有效的制暖方式的PTCR-xthm电热芯片为热源的电动汽车智能暖气机系统。
本发明是采用如下技术解决方案来实现上述目的：一种PTCR-xthm电热芯片为热源的电动汽车智能暖气机系统，其特征在于，它包括PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机、ECU(微电脑控制系统)、蓄热用安全恒温恒压器、冷却液箱、变量泵及换热器,PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机的出口端与蓄热用安全恒温恒压器进口端连接，蓄热用安全恒温恒压器的出口端与换热器的进口端连接，换热器的出口端与冷却液箱进口端连接，冷却液箱出口端连接变量泵的进口端，变量泵的出口端连接PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机的进口端；ECU连接控制PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机，换热器设有温度传感器，温度传感器的信号输出端连接ECU。
作为上述方案的进一步说明，所述PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机包括上盖板、若干块电热芯片热源模块、进水端盖、出水端盖，上盖板覆盖在若干块电 热芯片热源模块的上方，进水端盖、出水端盖分设于若干块电热芯片热源模块的端侧，所述电热芯片热源模块内设置有进出水通道，进出水通道通道两端分别连接进水端盖和出水端盖；所述PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机的出水端盖与蓄热用安全恒温恒压器进口端连接；所述PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机的进水端盖与变量泵的出口端连接。
所述若干块电热芯片热源模块自上而下依次叠加设置，上盖板与其下方的电热芯片热源模块之间，以及相邻的上、下两电热芯片热源模块之间均设置有绝缘导热膜。
所述进水端盖与电热芯片热源模块的连接位置、出水端盖与电热芯片热源模块的连接位置均设置有密封件加以密封。
所述进水端盖、出水端盖为金属基板或非金属基板，金属基板材料为稀土铝合金、不锈钢、钛合金或是铜材，非金属基板材料是功能陶瓷、微晶玻璃、石英玻璃、硅树脂中的一种。
所述电热芯片热源模块包括PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源基板及设于其上的稀土厚膜电路，稀土厚膜电路以厚膜电路的形式和厚膜电阻电路垂直叠加或横向分布，集成若干层于一个平面或多个曲面内，平面部分的稀土厚膜电路，经丝网印刷、烧结制备而成；曲面上的稀土厚膜电路，经流延、贴膜/HIP工艺制备而成。
所述蓄热用安全恒温恒压器设有温度传感装置、压力传感装置和安全排气阀,蓄热用安全恒温恒压器的饱和蒸汽温度为180摄氏度。
所述ECU设置有电源插座、插头，电源插座、插头连接PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机，并与高能蓄电池电源正负极连接，高能蓄电池电源的电压为110-410V，功率3-30千瓦根据用户要求设计。
所述PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机应用于大容量、多功能工程车、公交车上，蓄热用安全恒温恒压器的出口端连接并联设置的两个或两个以上的换热器的进口端，两个或两个以上的换热器的出口端与冷却液箱进口端连接。
本发明采用上述技术解决方案所能达到的有益效果是：
1、本发明采用一种创新型的PTCR-xthm电热芯片为热源的电动汽车智能暖气机系统，热响应快、热性能优良，高效节能，安全可靠、性价比高、体积小巧、智能操控；模块化组合式热源不受车辆运行工况影响，容量大、应用范围广，既适用于电动汽车、工程仪器车、各类舰船、战车暖气机系统，也可用于工业、农业、工程车、军工等野外设施装备及供水供暖供热(气)系统以及家用、商用电器的水系列产品系统。
2、本发明的PTCR-xthm电热芯片它可以厚膜电路的形式和厚膜电阻电路垂直叠加或横向分布，集成若干层于一个平面或多个曲面内，控制厚膜电路电热芯片的梯度温度，使控制精度和灵敏度得以大幅度提高，实现多温区梯度设置，高效运作智能操控。
3、本发明的PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机由n个PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源模块组成，热源模块可根据车型和设计容量组合；相对传统汽车，电动汽车的暖气机系统设计要求更科学，更严谨，更人性化。
4、本发明的PTCR-xthm电热芯片的表面热响应250℃/秒及以上，表面热负荷可达230w/cm2；远红外波高温发射率达:95％(法向)；不仅制造成本低、易成型，热效率高、温度场均匀、热性能优良，而且适用于新能源，高低压、交直流电源均能启动。高强度、大规格、集成度高、还具有高温远红外功能。
附图说明
图1为本发明整体一种实施方式结构视图；
图2为本发明PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机结构视图；
图3为本发明另一种实施方式结构示意图。
附图标记说明：1、PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机 11、上盖板 12、电热芯片热源模块 13、进水端盖 14、出水端盖 15、进出水通道 16、绝缘导热膜 17、密封件
2、ECU 3、蓄热用安全恒温恒压器 4、冷却液箱 5、变量泵
6、换热器 6-1、6-2、6-3、换热器。
具体实施方式
本发明是一种PTCR-xthm电热芯片为热源的电动汽车智能暖气机系统，它包括PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机1、ECU(微电脑控制系统)2、蓄热用安全恒温恒压器3、冷却液箱4、变量泵5及换热器6。所述PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机1的出口端与蓄热用安全恒温恒压器3进口端连接，蓄热用安全恒温恒压器3的出口端与换热器6的进口端连接，换热器6的出口端与冷却液箱进口端4连接，冷却液箱4出口端连接变量泵5的进口端，变量泵5的出口端连接PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机1的进口端。ECU2连接控制PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机1，换热器6设有温度传感器(图中未示出)，温度传感器的信号输出端连接ECU2。
PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机1包括上盖板11、若干块电热芯片热源模块12、进水端盖13、出水端盖14，上盖板11覆盖在若干块电热芯片热源模块12的上方，进水端盖13、出水端盖14分设于若干块电热芯片热源模块12的端侧，并在进水端盖13、出水端盖14和电热芯片热源模块12内设置进出水通道15。电热芯片热源模块12的进出水道15由特殊工艺加工而成，如稀土铝合金基板水道通过专用模具拉制而成，而复合陶瓷材料基板用模压法制备而成；其稀土 厚膜电路平面部分，经丝网印刷、烧结制备而成；曲面上的稀土厚膜电路，经流延、贴膜\HIP工艺制备而成。注：HIP工艺即热等静压(hot isostatic pressing，简称HIP)是一种集高温、高压于一体的工艺生产技术。
若干块电热芯片热源模块12自上而下依次叠加设置，上盖板11其下方的电热芯片热源模块12以及相邻的上、下两电热芯片热源模块12之间设置有绝缘导热膜16。进水端盖13、出水端盖14和电热芯片热源模块12的连接位置设置有密封件17加以密封。进水端盖13、出水端盖14为金属基板或非金属基板，金属基板材料为稀土铝合金、不锈钢、钛合金或是铜材，复合材料是铝铜Cu+、铝钢、钛铜Cu+、铝钛中的一种；非金属基板材料是功能陶瓷、微晶玻璃、石英玻璃、硅树脂中的一种。电热芯片热源模块12包括PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源基板及其上设置的稀土厚膜电路，稀土厚膜电路以厚膜电路的形式和厚膜电阻电路垂直叠加或横向分布，集成若干层于一个平面或多个曲面内，平面部分的稀土厚膜电路，经丝网印刷、烧结制备而成；曲面上的稀土厚膜电路，经流延、贴膜/HIP工艺制备而成。蓄热用安全恒温恒压器3设有温度传感装置、压力传感装置和安全排气阀,蓄热用安全恒温恒压器3的饱和蒸汽温度为180摄氏度。ECU2设置有电源插座、插头，电源插座、插头连接PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机1，并与高能蓄电池电源正负极连接，高能蓄电池电源的电压为110-410V，功率3-30千瓦根据用户要求设计。
以下结合具体实施例对本发明的技术方案作详细的描述。
实施例1
本实施例是一种EV-电动汽车的暖气机系统。
其系统含PTCR-xthm芯片热源主机1、ECU(微电脑控制系统)2、蓄热用安全恒温恒压器3、冷却液箱4、变量泵5及换热器6及热媒循环智能管理系统。
流程结构为：PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机1的出口端与蓄热用安全恒温恒压器3的进口端连接，恒温恒压器3的出口端与换热器6的进口端连接，换热器6的出口端与冷却液箱4的进口端连接，冷却液箱4的出口端与变量水泵5的进口端连接，变量水泵5的出口端连接PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机1的进口端。ECU的电源插座、插头连接PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机1并与高能蓄电池电源正负极相接。换热器6设有传感器连接ECU2(微电脑控制系统)。ECU根据温度讯号自动调节变量泵5排量，高效控温。高能蓄电池电源110-330伏选取。功率3-5千瓦根据用户要求设计，一次充电量在230千伏安以上；室外温度零下18℃左右，全程制暖续航里程可达300公里以上。
流程结构见图1。
PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源模块结构见图2。
沿用汽油车的暖气机系统，汽油车暖气机系统由发动机、水泵、热媒、换热器和送风的电机组成。热媒是发动机的冷却液，吸收发动机热量温度升高的冷却液在换热器中受风，为车内加热制暖。以发动机车为原型设计的EV电动车暖气机，只要有冷却液、电热芯片热源和电动水泵就能够沿用原汽油车的机构。
EV-电动汽车的暖气机系统，主要根据车型结构设计PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源模块外形，电源插座、热媒系统连接及ECU微电脑控制系统。车型配套设计灵活，安装维修方便。
EV-电动汽车的暖气机系统，媒介最好选用乙二醇型冷却液。热媒效率高、粘度小、流动性好、防霉、防垢、防沸。
实施例2
本实施例是一种工程车暖气机系统。
其系统含PTCR-xthm芯片热源主机1、ECU(微电脑控制系统)2、变量水 泵5、换热器系统及热媒循环智能管理系统。
流程结构为：PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机1的出口端与蓄热用安全恒温恒压器3的进口端连接，恒温恒压器3的出口端与换热器6-1、6-2、6-3的进口端连接，换热器6-1、6-2、6-3的出口端与冷却液箱4的进口端连接，冷却液箱4的出口端与变量水泵5的进口端连接，变量水泵5的出口端连接电热芯片热源主机1的进口端。ECU(微电脑控制系统)的电源插座、插头连接热源主机并与高能蓄电池电源正负极相接。换热器设有传感器与ECU连接。ECU微电脑控制系统根据温度讯号自动调节变量泵排量，高效控温。高能蓄电池电源110-330伏选取。功率3-30千瓦根据用户要求设计。
流程结构见图3。
PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源模块结构见图2。
工程车暖气机系统，主要根据车型结构设计PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源模块外形，电源插座、热媒系统连接及ECU微电脑控制系统。车型配套设计灵活，安装维修方便。
实施例注释：
所述实施例中的EV-电动汽车的暖气机系统，工程车暖气机系统。模块组合化后端口会更多，宜选航空电器用挿接型端子或者设计专用接插线端子，方安全可靠。PTCR-xthm电热芯片模块化组合式各类智能暖气机系统，温带、寒带功能要求可依据市场需求设计。舰船、战车、特种车辆可按“全天候”要求设计。
本发明采用的PTCR-xthm芯片为热源的大容量、多功能电动汽车、汽车用智能暖气机系统优势：
PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源模块体积小巧、结构简单。暖气机整体结构，根据车型、容量灵活设计。
1、沿用汽油车的暖气机系统
汽油车制暖系统由发动机、水泵、热媒、换热器和送风的电机组成。热媒是发动机的冷却液，吸收发动机热量温度升高的冷却液在换热器中受风，为车内加热制暖。以发动机车为原型设计的EV电动车暖气机，只要有冷却液、电热芯片热源和电动水泵就能够沿用汽油车的机构。
2、EV-电动汽车的暖气机系统，主要根据车型结构设计PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源模块外形，电源插座、热媒系统连接及ECU微电脑控制系统。车型配套设计灵活，安装维修方便。
3、工程车暖气机系统，主要根据车型结构设计PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源模块外形，电源插座、热媒系统连接及ECU微电脑控制系统。车型配套设计灵活，安装维修方便。车型配套设施例如滤清器、油管等的加热可另行选用或设计稀土厚膜电路加热元件。工程车、公交车、及其他车辆驾驶室智能控制系统可连接或取代ECU微电脑控制系统。寒冷地区，为提高燃油效率，减少废气排放，发动机入口燃油温度加热提升所用稀土厚膜电热元件，可依据车型结构专门设计、制造。特殊地区，特种车辆，还可创新性地在油箱上设计、制备稀土厚膜电路，微电脑程控，气温低于零下5℃便开始通电加热，低温-25℃保持油箱温度在10℃以上。
EV-电动汽车的暖气机系统，媒介最好选用乙二醇型冷却液。热媒效率高、粘度小、流动性好、防霉、防垢、防沸。
PTCR-xthm电热芯片优势：
(1)表面热响应250℃/秒及以上；
(2)表面热负荷可达230w/cm2；
(3)远红外波高温发射率达:95％(法向)。
(4)稀土厚膜电路电热元件行业标准2014-11-01已正式实施。标准号：QB|T4702-2014。是国家的专利技术。
(5)PTCR-xthm电热芯片不仅制造成本低、易成型，热效率高、温度场均匀、热性能优良。而且适用于新能源，高低压、交直流电源均能启动。高强度、大规格、集成度高、还具有高温远红外功能。是国家的专利技术。
本发明新型能源如太阳能、风能、高能蓄电池及智能电网系统，高低压、交直流电源均可使用。
其优势：热响应快、热性能优良，高效节能，安全可靠、性价比高、体积小巧、智能操控。模块化组合式热源不受车辆运行工况影响。容量大、应用范围广，既适用于电动汽车、工程仪器车、各类舰船、战车暖气机系统，也可用于工业、农业、工程车、军工等野外设施装备及供水供暖供热(气)系统以及家用、商用电器的水系列产品系统。
PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源的性能参数比较表
Figure PCTCN2016078338-appb-000001
综上所述，PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源模块是解决EV电动汽车、汽车暖气机问题的最佳技术方案。
查新表明，用PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源模块为核心的电动汽车、汽车暖气机系统，国内外尚属首创。
以上所述的仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，基板还可是铝钢复合、钛铜复合、铝钛复合等。稀土厚膜电路制备层数可多可少，厚膜电路并串联、微积分电路，半导体数字电路、交直流电路、脉冲数字电路等。系统模块组合形式控制方式，多温带、多温度、多功能或依本发明专利范围所作的等同变化不同形态应用范围(含地区范围)，模块组合数量、组合形式，舰船、战车、特种车辆供暖、供热水、供气(饱和、过热气体)等系统应用。凡是涉及稀土厚膜电路电热元件、PTCR-xthm电热芯片工艺技术、制备方法。对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种PTCR-xthm电热芯片为热源的电动汽车智能暖气机系统，其特征在于，它包括PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机、ECU、蓄热用安全恒温恒压器、冷却液箱、变量泵及换热器,所述PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机的出口端与蓄热用安全恒温恒压器进口端连接，蓄热用安全恒温恒压器的出口端与换热器的进口端连接，换热器的出口端与冷却液箱进口端连接，冷却液箱出口端连接变量泵的进口端，变量泵的出口端连接PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机的进口端；所述ECU连接控制PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机，换热器设有温度传感器，温度传感器的信号输出端连接ECU。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的PTCR-xthm电热芯片为热源的电动汽车智能暖气机系统，其特征在于，所述PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机包括上盖板、若干块电热芯片热源模块、进水端盖、出水端盖，上盖板覆盖在若干块电热芯片热源模块的上方，进水端盖、出水端盖分设于若干块电热芯片热源模块的端侧，所述电热芯片热源模块内设置有进出水通道，进出水通道通道两端分别连接进水端盖和出水端盖；所述PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机的出水端盖与蓄热用安全恒温恒压器进口端连接；所述PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机的进水端盖与变量泵的出口端连接。3.根据权利要求2所述的PTCR-xthm电热芯片为热源的电动汽车智能暖气机系统，其特征在于，所述若干块电热芯片热源模块自上而下依次叠加设置，上盖板与其相邻的电热芯片热源模块之间，以及相邻的上、下两电热芯片热源模块之间均设置有绝缘导热膜。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的PTCR-xthm电热芯片为热源的电动汽车智能暖气机系统，其特征在于，所述进水端盖与电热芯片热源模块的连接位置、出水端盖与电热芯片热源模块的连接位置均设置有密封件加以密封。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的PTCR-xthm电热芯片为热源的电动汽车智能暖气 机系统，其特征在于，所述进水端盖、出水端盖为金属基板或非金属基板，金属基板材料为稀土铝合金、不锈钢、钛合金或是铜材；非金属基板材料是功能陶瓷、微晶玻璃、石英玻璃、硅树脂中的一种。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的PTCR-xthm电热芯片为热源的电动汽车智能暖气机系统，其特征在于，所述电热芯片热源模块包括PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源基板及设于其上的稀土厚膜电路，稀土厚膜电路以厚膜电路的形式和厚膜电阻电路垂直叠加或横向分布，集成若干层于一个平面或多个曲面内，平面部分的稀土厚膜电路，经丝网印刷、烧结制备而成；曲面上的稀土厚膜电路，经流延、贴膜/HIP工艺制备而成。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的PTCR-xthm电热芯片为热源的电动汽车智能暖气机系统，其特征在于，所述蓄热用安全恒温恒压器设有温度传感装置、压力传感装置和安全排气阀。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的PTCR-xthm电热芯片为热源的电动汽车智能暖气机系统，其特征在于，所述ECU设置有电源插座、插头，电源插座、插头连接PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机，并与高能蓄电池电源正负极连接，高能蓄电池电源的电压为110-410V，功率3-30千瓦。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的PTCR-xthm电热芯片为热源的电动汽车智能暖气机系统，其特征在于，所述PTCR-xthm电热芯片热源主机应用于大容量、多功能工程车和公交车上，蓄热用安全恒温恒压器的出口端连接并联设置的两个或两个以上的换热器的进口端，两个或两个以上的换热器的出口端与冷却液箱进口端连接。
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