WO2016141577A1 - Method and apparatus for preparing alpha alumina seed suspension - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for preparing alpha alumina seed suspension Download PDF

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WO2016141577A1
WO2016141577A1 PCT/CN2015/074051 CN2015074051W WO2016141577A1 WO 2016141577 A1 WO2016141577 A1 WO 2016141577A1 CN 2015074051 W CN2015074051 W CN 2015074051W WO 2016141577 A1 WO2016141577 A1 WO 2016141577A1
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alpha alumina
mill
alumina
particle size
seed suspension
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Shengguo Wang
Wei Wang
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/14Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
    • C09K3/1409Abrasive particles per se
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01FCOMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
    • C01F7/00Compounds of aluminium
    • C01F7/02Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
    • C01F7/021After-treatment of oxides or hydroxides
    • C01F7/025Granulation or agglomeration
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/51Particles with a specific particle size distribution
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/60Particles characterised by their size
    • C01P2004/62Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer

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  • the invention relates to a method and apparatus to prepare alpha alumina seed suspension used in sol gel abrasive grain manufacture.
  • Nano mill or small media mill is used to prepare alpha alumina seed suspension with very small dispersed particle size, narrow particle size distribution and high productivity, which are very critical to control the product performance and increase the yield of sol gel abrasive grain.
  • sol-gel technology has been used to improve the performance of alumina abrasive and has had a major impact on both the coated and bonded abrasive business.
  • Sol-gel processing permits the microstructure of the alumina to be controlled to a much greater extent than is possible by the fusion process. Consequently, the sol-gel abrasive has a crystal size several orders of magnitude smaller than that of the fused abrasive and exhibit a corresponding increase in toughness and abrasive performance.
  • Seeded gel abrasive grain is preferred for mass production of ceramic abrasive grain, and one of the critical process steps of seeded gel abrasive grain production is to prepare nano-size dispersed alpha alumina seed suspension.
  • US 4,623,364 describes seeded sol gel abrasive material and method for preparing the same.
  • the hardness and microstructure of alumina abrasives produced from alumina gels are enhanced by introduction of seed material as by wet vibratory milling of the material with alumina media, or by the direct addition of very fine alpha alumina particles in the amount of 1%or less.
  • This patent also discloses the apparatus to prepare the seed alpha alumina suspension. A suitable vibratory mill is shown in US patent No. 3,100,088.
  • the alumina media composition was about 90%alpha alumina with silica as the main impurity, as shown in example II, the main impurities were MgO 1.74%, SiO 2 8.9%, Fe 2 O 3 0.18%, TiO 2 0.2%, CaO 0.8%, Na 2 O 0.34%. Because the seed material was from the milling debris of alumina media, these impurities would be remained in sintered abrasive grain and have negative effect on grinding performance. Furthermore, the particle size and its distribution of seed material from milling debris is not in good control, which will impact the quality stability of sol gel abrasive grain, not suitable for mass production.
  • US 4,744,802 describes a process for durable sol-gel produced alumina-based ceramics, abrasive grain and abrasive products.
  • a sol gel process of producing durable alpha alumina-based ceramic particularly useful as abrasive grain from alpha alumina monohydrate is improved by the addition of a nucleating agent (seed material) .
  • seed material seed material
  • this patent disclosed the process and apparatus to prepare alpha alumina seed suspension. 2.5 liters of deionized water, 2.5 kilograms of Sumitomo AKP-50 alpha alumina powder and 9 g of 15N reagent grade nitric acid were dispersed at high speed for 3 minutes in the 6 liter stainless steel vessel of the “Waring” blender.
  • the resultant suspension was centrifuged at 1000 times the force of gravity for 50 minutes and the supernatant removed. That supernatant was centrifuged at 1300 times the force of gravity for 50 minutes and its supernatant removed. The resultant supernatant was again centrifuged at 1300 times the force of gravity for 50 minutes.
  • the process is very complicated and the productivity is low, needs 3 centrifuge process.
  • the dispersed alpha alumina particle size in the seed suspension from this process is not so small, as shown in example 5, 280 nanometers. Usually the smaller the dispersed alpha alumina seed particle size, the smaller the crystal size of sintered abrasive grain and the higher grinding performance.
  • Nano-sized alpha alumina powder is mixed with deionized water and nitric acid in a high shear mixer to form slurry; then the slurry is pumped into a nano mill or small media mill. Under highly intensive mechanical energy, the alpha alumina powder is ground to highly dispersed state with very small particle size and narrow particle size distribution. The slurry is recycled between high shear mixer and nano mill or small media mill until it reaches the target particle size, it can be ground to the designed particle size within a short time, so the productivity of this process is very high, compared with the process described in US 4,623,364 and US 4,744,802.
  • nano mill in the above mentioned process is available from the market, for example, nano mill RS from NETZSCH (Shanghai) Machinery and Instruments Co., Ltd., or nano mill from other suppliers in China.
  • nano mill is lined with zirconia or polyurethane to avoid contamination.
  • the small media mill is also available from the market, for example, the DMQ attritor from Union Process Inc.
  • the DMQ attritor is the newest member of the small media mill family. It is the hybrid of Deltamill and the QC mills.
  • the DMQ attritor is also lined with zirconia or polyurethane to avoid contamination.
  • Fig. 1 is apparatus for preparing alpha alumina seed suspension
  • Fig. 2 is process to make seed sol gel abrasive grain.
  • Fig. 1 and 2 The invented apparatus and process to prepare alpha alumina seed suspension and seeded sol gel abrasive grain is shown in Fig. 1 and 2. The detailed description of the invention is illustrated in the following example.
  • 1.6 liters of deionized water is acidified to a PH of 2.7 with nitric acid, 400 grams of alpha alumina powder with 99.99%purity, 25 m 2 /g BET surface area and 30 nm primary particle size is mixed into the acidified water by a high shear disperser to form slurry in a 3 liter stainless steel vessel. Then the slurry is pumped into a nano mill (lined with zirconia) with a 0.5 liter grinding chamber volume. The slurry is recycled between the nano mill and high shear disperser.
  • the processing time is also very short (within 60 minutes) , suitable for mass production.
  • the stainless steel vessel volume of high shear disperser is more than 1000 liters and the grinding chamber volume of nano mill is above 25 liters.
  • the above-mentioned seed suspension is mixed with sol of alpha alumina monohydrate (boehmite) , the seed alumina is 1 wt%of final alpha alumina content in the sintered seeded sol gel abrasive grain.
  • the mixed dispersion is then gelled, dried, calcined, and sintered to abrasive grain, the Vickers hardness is 21 GPa at 100 gram load and the density is 3.90, suitable for abrasive applications.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Abstract

A method and apparatus is applied to prepare alpha alumina seed suspension for ceramic abrasive grain manufacture. Nano mill or small media mill is used to prepare alpha alumina seed suspension with very small dispersed particle size, narrow particle size distribution and high productivity.

Description

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ALPHA ALUMINA SEED SUSPENSION
Field of Technology
The invention relates to a method and apparatus to prepare alpha alumina seed suspension used in sol gel abrasive grain manufacture. Nano mill or small media mill is used to prepare alpha alumina seed suspension with very small dispersed particle size, narrow particle size distribution and high productivity, which are very critical to control the product performance and increase the yield of sol gel abrasive grain.
Description of Related Arts
Since the early 1980’s , sol-gel technology has been used to improve the performance of alumina abrasive and has had a major impact on both the coated and bonded abrasive business. Sol-gel processing permits the microstructure of the alumina to be controlled to a much greater extent than is possible by the fusion process. Consequently, the sol-gel abrasive has a crystal size several orders of magnitude smaller than that of the fused abrasive and exhibit a corresponding increase in toughness and abrasive performance.
There are 2 key players in sol gel abrasive industry: 3M and Saint Gobain. Saint Gobain used nano-sized alpha alumina as seed to improve the densification during sintering process of sol gel abrasive grain, while 3M used various modifiers such as magnesia, yttria, lanthana, and neodymia to control microstructural strength and surface morphology upon subsequent sintering. For example, one of the most popular materials, Cubitron 321, has a microstructure containing submicron platelet inclusions which act as reinforcements somewhat similar to a whisker-reinforced ceramic.
Because of the high cost of rare earth oxides such as yttria, lanthana, and neodymia and high nitrogen oxide emission from rare earth nitrate salts during calcining stage, Seeded gel abrasive grain is preferred for mass production of ceramic abrasive grain, and one of the critical process steps of seeded gel abrasive grain production is to prepare nano-size dispersed alpha alumina seed suspension.
US 4,623,364 describes seeded sol gel abrasive material and method for preparing the same. The hardness and microstructure of alumina abrasives produced from alumina gels are enhanced by introduction of seed material as by wet vibratory milling of the material with alumina media, or by the direct addition of very fine alpha alumina particles in the amount of 1%or less. This patent also discloses the apparatus to prepare the seed alpha alumina suspension. A suitable vibratory mill is shown in US patent No. 3,100,088. The alumina media composition was about 90%alpha alumina  with silica as the main impurity, as shown in example II, the main impurities were MgO 1.74%, SiO2 8.9%, Fe2O3 0.18%, TiO2 0.2%, CaO 0.8%, Na2O 0.34%. Because the seed material was from the milling debris of alumina media, these impurities would be remained in sintered abrasive grain and have negative effect on grinding performance. Furthermore, the particle size and its distribution of seed material from milling debris is not in good control, which will impact the quality stability of sol gel abrasive grain, not suitable for mass production.
US 4,744,802 describes a process for durable sol-gel produced alumina-based ceramics, abrasive grain and abrasive products. A sol gel process of producing durable alpha alumina-based ceramic particularly useful as abrasive grain from alpha alumina monohydrate is improved by the addition of a nucleating agent (seed material) . In examples 15-17, this patent disclosed the process and apparatus to prepare alpha alumina seed suspension. 2.5 liters of deionized water, 2.5 kilograms of Sumitomo AKP-50 alpha alumina powder and 9 g of 15N reagent grade nitric acid were dispersed at high speed for 3 minutes in the 6 liter stainless steel vessel of the “Waring” blender. The resultant suspension was centrifuged at 1000 times the force of gravity for 50 minutes and the supernatant removed. That supernatant was centrifuged at 1300 times the force of gravity for 50 minutes and its supernatant removed. The resultant supernatant was again centrifuged at 1300 times the force of gravity for 50 minutes. The process is very complicated and the productivity is low, needs 3 centrifuge process. Furthermore, the dispersed alpha alumina particle size in the seed suspension from this process is not so small, as shown in example 5, 280 nanometers. Usually the smaller the dispersed alpha alumina seed particle size, the smaller the crystal size of sintered abrasive grain and the higher grinding performance.
So, there is a need to design a method and apparatus to prepare high purity alpha alumina seed suspension with very small dispersed particle size, narrow particle size distribution and high productivity
Summary of the Invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a method and apparatus to prepare high purity alpha alumina seed suspension with very small dispersed particle size, narrow particle size distribution and high productivity for sol gel abrasive grain manufacture.
In this invention, the method and apparatus for preparing alpha alumina seed suspension are described as follows:
Nano-sized alpha alumina powder is mixed with deionized water and nitric acid in a high shear mixer to form slurry; then the slurry is pumped into a nano mill or small media mill. Under highly  intensive mechanical energy, the alpha alumina powder is ground to highly dispersed state with very small particle size and narrow particle size distribution. The slurry is recycled between high shear mixer and nano mill or small media mill until it reaches the target particle size, it can be ground to the designed particle size within a short time, so the productivity of this process is very high, compared with the process described in US 4,623,364 and US 4,744,802.
The nano mill in the above mentioned process is available from the market, for example, nano mill 
Figure PCTCN2015074051-appb-000001
RS from NETZSCH (Shanghai) Machinery and Instruments Co., Ltd., or nano mill from other suppliers in China. Preferably the nano mill is lined with zirconia or polyurethane to avoid contamination.
The small media mill is also available from the market, for example, the DMQ attritor from Union Process Inc. The DMQ attritor is the newest member of the small media mill family. It is the hybrid of Deltamill and the QC mills. Preferably, the DMQ attritor is also lined with zirconia or polyurethane to avoid contamination.
Brief Description of the Drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus for preparing alpha alumina seed suspension
Fig. 2 is process to make seed sol gel abrasive grain.
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment
The invented apparatus and process to prepare alpha alumina seed suspension and seeded sol gel abrasive grain is shown in Fig. 1 and 2. The detailed description of the invention is illustrated in the following example.
1.6 liters of deionized water is acidified to a PH of 2.7 with nitric acid, 400 grams of alpha alumina powder with 99.99%purity, 25 m2/g BET surface area and 30 nm primary particle size is mixed into the acidified water by a high shear disperser to form slurry in a 3 liter stainless steel vessel. Then the slurry is pumped into a nano mill (lined with zirconia) with a 0.5 liter grinding chamber volume. The slurry is recycled between the nano mill and high shear disperser. After 60 minutes, the dispersed alpha alumina particle size in acidified water is D50 = 150 nm and D90=350 nm as determined by dynamic light scattering by using a Laser Particle Sizer. It clearly shows the invented process and apparatus can prepare alpha alumina seed suspension with very small particle size and narrow particle size distribution. The processing time is also very short (within 60 minutes) , suitable for mass production. For mass production, the stainless steel vessel volume of high shear disperser is more than 1000 liters and the grinding chamber volume of nano mill is above 25 liters.
The above-mentioned seed suspension is mixed with sol of alpha alumina monohydrate (boehmite) , the seed alumina is 1 wt%of final alpha alumina content in the sintered seeded sol gel abrasive grain. The mixed dispersion is then gelled, dried, calcined, and sintered to abrasive grain, the Vickers hardness is 21 GPa at 100 gram load and the density is 3.90, suitable for abrasive applications.

Claims (7)

  1. A method to prepare alpha alumina seed suspension for sol gel abrasive grain manufacture, characterized in that, the alpha alumina seed is dispersed into HNO3 acidified deionized water in a high shear mixer, then milled in a nano mill or small media mill to particle size < 500 nanometers, preferably < 300 nanometers, most preferably < 200 nanometers.
  2. A method as in claim 1, in which A nano mill or small media mill is used to prepare alpha alumina seed suspension, preferably the nano mill or small media mill is lined with polymers including but not limited to polyurethane, PTFE and ceramics including but not limited to alumina and zirconia to avoid contaminations.
  3. A sol gel abrasive grain, characterized in that, its alpha alumina seed suspension is prepared as described in claim 1 and 2.
  4. A method to prepare sintered alumina abrasive, characterized in that, the alumina or alumina precursor is ground to particle size below 1 micron by nano mill or small media mill.
  5. A sintered abrasive grain, characterized in that, it is prepared as described in claim 4.
  6. A coated abrasive product, characterized in that, its grain is prepared as described in claim 3 and 5.
  7. A bonded abrasive product, characterized in that, its grain is prepared as described in claim 3 and 5.
PCT/CN2015/074051 2015-03-11 2015-03-11 Method and apparatus for preparing alpha alumina seed suspension Ceased WO2016141577A1 (en)

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CN201580077646.2A CN107428551A (en) 2015-03-11 2015-03-11 The method and apparatus for preparing Alpha's alumina seed suspension

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WO2019113973A1 (en) * 2017-12-15 2019-06-20 深圳市大富科技股份有限公司 Dielectric ceramic material and preparation method therefor
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5453104A (en) * 1985-04-30 1995-09-26 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Process for durable sol-gel produced alumina-based ceramics and abrasive grain
US7347393B2 (en) * 2002-08-12 2008-03-25 Techworld Co., Ltd. Nano grinding mill (dried type)

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5453104A (en) * 1985-04-30 1995-09-26 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Process for durable sol-gel produced alumina-based ceramics and abrasive grain
US7347393B2 (en) * 2002-08-12 2008-03-25 Techworld Co., Ltd. Nano grinding mill (dried type)

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