WO2016138692A1 - 一种功率器件的并联冷却结构及其应用的电机控制器 - Google Patents

一种功率器件的并联冷却结构及其应用的电机控制器 Download PDF

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WO2016138692A1
WO2016138692A1 PCT/CN2015/077460 CN2015077460W WO2016138692A1 WO 2016138692 A1 WO2016138692 A1 WO 2016138692A1 CN 2015077460 W CN2015077460 W CN 2015077460W WO 2016138692 A1 WO2016138692 A1 WO 2016138692A1
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Prior art keywords
water
channel
inlet
heat dissipation
water inlet
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PCT/CN2015/077460
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English (en)
French (fr)
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焦兵锋
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中山大洋电机股份有限公司
大洋电机新动力科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2016138692A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016138692A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a parallel cooling structure of a power device and a motor controller thereof, and belongs to the technical field of motor vehicles.
  • the high-power device series cooling system has at least the following problem: when using the same cooling channel to cool a plurality of high-power devices of the same working condition, the temperature of the chip near the high-power device near the entrance of the cooling channel is relatively Lower, and the temperature of the chip near the high-power device near the exit of the cooling channel is relatively high. If the temperature difference between the two is large, and the chip with relatively high temperature needs to be detected during temperature detection, the performance of the high-power device near the inlet cannot be fully utilized.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a parallel cooling structure of a power device and a motor controller thereof, which can minimize the temperature difference between different high-power devices, fully utilize the performance of high-power devices and cooling systems, and satisfy new energy products.
  • a parallel cooling structure of a power device includes a heat dissipation base and a plurality of power devices, and a plurality of power devices are respectively arranged on the heat dissipation base at intervals, and a heat dissipation water channel is disposed in the heat dissipation base,
  • the utility model is characterized in that: the heat dissipating water channel comprises a water inlet, a water inlet channel, a plurality of branch water channels, a water outlet channel and a water outlet, the water inlet is connected with the water inlet channel, the water outlet is connected with the water outlet channel, and several branch water channels are arranged side by side in the water inlet channel. Between the water channel and the water channel, the water inlet channel and the water outlet channel are connected in parallel through a plurality of branch water channels, and the cross-sectional area of the water inlet channel gradually decreases from the water inlet.
  • the heat dissipation base described above includes a housing and a cover mounted on the housing, and the power device is mounted on the cover.
  • the above-mentioned water diversion channel is provided with a plurality of diversion steps which are sequentially raised from the water inlet, and the diversion steps which are sequentially raised from the water inlet port gradually reduce the cross-sectional area of the inlet water channel from the water inlet.
  • the relative height difference between the two adjacent splitting steps described above is unequal, and the relative height difference between two adjacent splitting steps in the several splitting steps in the front section of the inlet waterway is gradually increased, in the inlet waterway The relative height difference between two adjacent splitting steps among the several splitting steps of the tail section is gradually reduced.
  • Each of the diverting steps on the influent water channel described above corresponds to one of the subaqueous channels.
  • each of the branch water channels described above is located at the tail of its corresponding branching step.
  • the above-mentioned top surface of the casing is provided with a plurality of substantially "T"-shaped bosses, and the adjacent two bosses form the branch water channel, and the "T"-shaped bosses The top is located on one side of the inlet channel.
  • the above-mentioned needle bed extends downward under the power device and on the bottom surface of the cover plate, and the needle bed extends into the corresponding branch water channel.
  • the above-mentioned step extends downward on the bottom surface of the cover plate, and the step portion projects into the water inlet channel and gradually reduces the cross-sectional area of the water inlet channel from the water inlet.
  • a motor controller includes a controller box, a heat dissipation base, a control circuit board and a plurality of power modules, wherein the heat dissipation base is disposed inside the controller box, and the plurality of power devices are respectively arranged on the heat dissipation base at intervals, in the heat dissipation base There is a cooling water channel, the control circuit board is installed inside the controller box, and each power module is electrically connected with the control circuit board.
  • the heat dissipation channel includes a water inlet, a water inlet channel, a plurality of branch water channels, a water outlet channel and a water outlet.
  • the water inlet the water inlet is connected with the water inlet channel
  • the water outlet is connected with the water outlet channel
  • several branch water channels are arranged side by side between the inlet water channel and the water outlet channel.
  • the inlet and outlet channels are connected in parallel through a number of tributary channels, and the cross-sectional area of the inlet channel is gradually reduced from the inlet.
  • the invention has the following effects:
  • the water inlet is connected with the inlet water channel, and the water outlet is connected with the water outlet channel.
  • Several branch water channels are arranged side by side between the inlet water channel and the water outlet channel, and the inlet water channel and the water outlet channel are connected in parallel through a plurality of branch water channels. After the coolant flows into the inlet water channel from the water inlet, the flow rate of the coolant in the inlet water channel will gradually decrease from the water inlet. Therefore, by changing the cross-sectional area of the water inlet channel, the cross-sectional area of the inlet water channel is increased.
  • the nozzle begins to gradually decrease, so that the flow rate of the coolant from the water inlet to the inlet water channel is relatively stable, and the flow rate of the coolant flowing into each of the branch water channels can be distributed as needed, thereby minimizing the temperature difference between different high-power devices.
  • Each of the diversion steps on the influent water channel corresponds to a tributary channel, and the inlet of each tributary channel is located at the tail of the corresponding diversion step.
  • the diversion step can conveniently regulate the coolant flowing into each tributary channel.
  • the flow rate is achieved for the purpose of distributing the flow rate of the coolant flowing into each branch water channel according to design requirements, for example, the flow rate of the coolant flowing into each branch water channel can be averaged;
  • the needle bed is extended downwards under the power device and on the bottom surface of the cover plate, and the needle bed extends into the corresponding branch water channel, which can further increase the heat dissipation effect.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a parallel cooling structure in the first embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a side view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of the housing in the embodiment
  • Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of B-B in Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the flow distribution of the parallel cooling structure into the cooling liquid in the embodiment
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of a cover plate of an embodiment
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of the cover plate of the second embodiment
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a parallel cooling structure in the second embodiment.
  • Figure 10 is a perspective view of the motor controller of the third embodiment
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view of the controller case in the third embodiment.
  • Embodiment 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 , FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , the embodiment is a parallel cooling structure of a power device, including a heat dissipation base 1 and a plurality of power devices 2 , and a plurality of powers The device 2 is respectively arranged on the heat dissipation base 1 at intervals.
  • the heat dissipation base 1 is provided with a heat dissipation channel 3, and the heat dissipation channel 3 includes a water inlet 31, a water inlet channel 32, a plurality of branch water channels 33, a water outlet channel 34 and a water outlet 35.
  • the water inlet 31 communicates with the water inlet channel 32, and the water outlet 35 communicates with the water outlet channel 34.
  • a plurality of branch water channels 33 are arranged side by side between the inlet water channel 32 and the water outlet channel 34, and the inlet water channel is provided through a plurality of branch water channels 33.
  • 32 and the water outlet 34 are connected in parallel, and the cross-sectional area of the inlet water passage 32 gradually decreases from the water inlet 31.
  • the heat dissipation base 1 includes a housing 11 and a cover plate 12 mounted on the housing 11.
  • the cover plate 12 is a rectangular flat plate.
  • the cover plate 12 seals the heat dissipation channel 3 disposed on the housing 11 and the power device 2 is mounted.
  • Power device 2 includes, but is not limited to, an insulated gate bipolar transistor module (commonly known as an IGBT module), an integrated circuit, a thyristor, or other device that generates heat during operation.
  • the connection holes and the sealed labyrinth structure in the structure, or any other suitable connection fastening mechanism and sealing means are not shown in the schematic.
  • a plurality of diverting steps 321 which are sequentially raised from the water inlet 31 are provided on the inflow water channel 32,
  • the flow dividing step 321 which is sequentially raised from the water inlet 31 causes the cross-sectional area of the water inlet pipe 32 to gradually decrease from the water inlet port 31.
  • the water inlet 31 communicates with the water inlet pipe (not shown), and the coolant flows from the water inlet port 31 into the water inlet channel 32, and then flows through the branching step 6 and flows into the branch water channel 33.
  • the branching step 6 is designed to be different according to the designer's requirements. The height so that the flow rate of the coolant flowing into each of the branch water passages 33 meets the designer's requirements, merges in the outlet water passage 34, and finally flows out from the water outlet 35.
  • the water inlet 31 can be opened at any reasonable position of the water inlet channel 32 as needed, but the height of each of the branching steps 6 needs to be correctly designed to ensure that the cross-sectional area of the inlet water channel 32 gradually decreases from the water inlet 31.
  • the water outlet 35 can also be opened at any position of the water outlet 34 as needed.
  • the flow dividing step 6 in the water inlet channel 32 of the outer casing 3 is sequentially increased in height from the water inlet port 31, thereby gradually reducing the cross-sectional area of the water inlet channel 32.
  • the relative height difference between the two adjacent flow dividing steps 321 is unequal, and the relative height difference between the two adjacent flow dividing steps 321 in the several dividing steps 321 in the front section of the water inlet channel 32 is gradually increased, in the water inlet channel.
  • the relative height difference between two adjacent splitter steps 321 of the plurality of splitter steps 321 of the 32-end section is gradually smaller, and the relative height difference between the adjacent two splitter steps 321 at the intermediate position of the inlet waterway 32 reaches the maximum value.
  • this solution is particularly suitable for averaging the flow rate of the coolant flowing into each of the branch water channels 33 under the condition that the heat dissipation conditions and the power loss of the respective power devices are uniform.
  • Each of the flow dividing steps 321 on the inlet water passage 32 corresponds to one of the branch water channels 33, respectively.
  • the water inlet 331 of each branch water channel 33 is located at the tail end of the corresponding branching step 321 .
  • the flow rate of the coolant flowing into each of the branch water channels 33 can be conveniently adjusted by the branching step 321 to realize the distribution into each of the branch water channels 33 according to design requirements. The purpose of the flow of coolant.
  • a plurality of substantially T-shaped projections 111 are disposed on the top surface of the housing 11, and the adjacent water channels 33 are formed between the adjacent two projections 111, and the "T"-shaped projections 111 are formed.
  • the top is located on one side of the inlet channel 32.
  • the number of the branch water channels 33 is nine.
  • the inlet flow rate is 30 L/min, and the average outlet relative pressure is 0 Pa.
  • each tributary channel is shown in the table below.
  • the number of the tributary channels from the water inlet to the water outlet is 1 to 9.
  • the target flow rate of the tributary channel is 3.33333 L/min.
  • the flow rate of the coolant flowing into each of the branch channels 33 can meet the designer's requirements, and the coolant flow rates of the respective branch channels 33 are nearly equal, which is particularly suitable.
  • the temperature difference between different high-power devices can be minimized, and the performance of high-power devices and cooling systems can be fully utilized.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
  • the different heights of each of the splitting steps 6 can be rationally designed, thereby allowing the cold flow into each of the branch water channels 33.
  • the flow rate of the liquid is differentiated, thereby achieving heat dissipation for high-power devices having different power consumption, minimizing the temperature difference of each high-power device, and fully exerting the performance of the high-power device and the cooling system without departing from the present invention.
  • Philosoph principles and principles are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
  • the needle bed 121 is extended downward on the bottom surface of the cover 12, and the needle bed 121 extends into the corresponding branch water channel 33.
  • the needle bed can be a fin or spoiler or use other enhanced heat transfer measures to increase heat dissipation.
  • Embodiment 2 As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the difference from the first embodiment is that the step portion 122 is extended downward on the bottom surface of the cover plate 12, and the step portion 122 extends downward from the water inlet 31. Gradually, the step portion 122 projects into the water inlet channel 32, and the step portion 122 is alternately spaced from the branching step 6, so that the cross-sectional area of the inlet water channel 32 gradually decreases from the water inlet port 31.
  • the parallel cooling structure of the power device in the embodiment will be further described by a simulation test.
  • the number of the branch water channels 33 is also nine.
  • the inlet flow rate is 30 L/min, and the average outlet relative pressure is 0 Pa.
  • each tributary channel is shown in the table below.
  • the number of the tributary channels from the water inlet to the water outlet is 1 to 9.
  • the target flow rate of the tributary channel is 3.33333 L/min.
  • the step portion 122 projects into the water inlet channel 32 and the cross-sectional area of the inlet water passage 32 is started from the water inlet port 31.
  • the flow rate of the coolant flowing into each of the branch water passages 33 can be made to meet the designer's requirements, and the coolant flow rates of the respective branching water passages 33 are made nearly equal, it should be noted that this The solution is particularly suitable for averaging the flow rate of the coolant flowing into each of the branch water channels 33 under the conditions of uniform heat dissipation conditions and power losses of the respective power devices, thereby minimizing the temperature difference between different high-power devices. Take full advantage of the performance of high power devices and cooling systems.
  • embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and as a person of ordinary skill in the art, on the basis of the above embodiment, the coolant flowing into each of the branch water passages 33 can be made by rationally designing different heights of each of the flow dividing steps 6. Differentiating the flow rate, so as to achieve heat dissipation for high-power devices with different power consumption, minimizing the temperature difference of each high-power device, and fully exerting the performance of the high-power device and the cooling system without departing from the spirit of the present invention The principles and principles are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
  • the needle bed 121 is extended downward on the bottom surface of the cover 12, and the needle bed 121 extends into the corresponding branch water channel 33.
  • the needle bed may be a fin or a spoiler or other enhanced heat transfer measures to increase the heat dissipation effect, which is not fully illustrated in the drawings in the present embodiment.
  • Embodiment 3 As shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , this embodiment is a motor controller, including a controller box 4, a heat dissipation base 1, a control circuit board 5, and a plurality of power modules 2, and the heat dissipation base 1 is set in the control.
  • a plurality of power devices 2 are respectively arranged on the heat dissipation base 1 at intervals, and a heat dissipation channel 3 is disposed inside the heat dissipation base 1, and the control circuit board 5 is installed inside the controller housing 4, and each power is
  • the module 2 is electrically connected to the control circuit board 5, and the heat dissipation channel 3 includes a water inlet 31, a water inlet channel 32, a plurality of branch water channels 33, a water outlet channel 34 and a water outlet 35, and the water inlet 31 communicates with the water inlet channel 32.
  • the water outlet 35 is connected to the water outlet 34, and a plurality of branch water channels 33 are arranged side by side between the inlet water channel 32 and the water outlet channel 34.
  • the inlet water channel 32 and the water outlet channel 34 are connected in parallel through a plurality of branch water channels 33.
  • the cross-sectional area of the water passage 32 gradually decreases from the water inlet 31.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种功率器件的并联冷却结构及其应用的电机控制器，包括散热底座和若干功率器件，若干功率器件分别间隔排列地安装在散热底座上，在散热底座里面设置有散热水道，其特征在于：散热水道包括进水口、进水水道、若干个支流水道、出水水道和出水口，进水口与进水水道连通，出水口与出水水道连通，若干个支流水道并排地设置在进水水道和出水水道之间，通过若干个支流水道把进水水道和出水水道并联在一起，进水水道的横截面积从进水口开始逐渐减小，可以令不同的大功率器件的温度差别最小化，充分发挥大功率器件和冷却系统的性能，满足新能源产品集成化、一体化和小型化的需求。

Description

一种功率器件的并联冷却结构及其应用的电机控制器 技术领域：
本发明涉及一种功率器件的并联冷却结构及其应用的电机控制器，属于电机汽车技术领域。
背景技术：
新能源领域对IGBT等大功率器件的容值需求逐年上升，这对冷却系统的散热性能提出了更高的要求。如果大功率器件工作时产生的热量无法及时散去，则大功率器件无法正常工作。此外，市场对电机控制器、电机等新能源领域产品提出了集成化、一体化和小型化的要求，当使用多个的大功率器件且将其紧密排布时，则需要将通过大功率器件散热器的热流密度不断加大以能满足其散热需求。
目前大功率器件串联型的冷却系统至少存在以下问题：使用同一个冷却槽道对多个相同工况的大功率器件进行冷却时，会令靠近冷却槽道入口附近的大功率器件的芯片温度相对较低，而靠近冷却槽道出口附近的大功率器件的芯片温度则相对较高。如果两者温度差别较大，而在进行温度检测时又需要对温度相对较高的芯片进行检测，则无法充分发挥靠近入口附近的大功率器件的性能。而使用同一个冷却槽道对多个容值不同的大功率器件进行冷却时，损耗较大的大功率器件的散热条件紧迫，同时损耗较小的大功率器件的散热条件却有冗余，则冷却系统的散热性能无法充分发挥。
发明内容：
本发明的目的是提供一种功率器件的并联冷却结构及其应用的电机控制器，可以令不同的大功率器件的温度差别最小化，充分发挥大功率器件和冷却系统的性能，满足新能源产品集成化、一体化和小型化的需求。
本发明的目的是通过下述技术方案予以实现的。
一种功率器件的并联冷却结构，包括散热底座和若干功率器件，若干功率器件分别间隔排列地安装在散热底座上，在散热底座里面设置有散热水道，其 特征在于：散热水道包括进水口、进水水道、若干个支流水道、出水水道和出水口，进水口与进水水道连通，出水口与出水水道连通，若干个支流水道并排地设置在进水水道和出水水道之间，通过若干个支流水道把进水水道和出水水道并联在一起，进水水道的横截面积从进水口开始逐渐减小。
上述所述的所述的散热底座包括壳体和安装在壳体上的盖板，功率器件安装在盖板上。
上述所述的在进水水道上设置有若干从进水口开始依次抬升的分流台阶，从进水口开始依次抬升的分流台阶使进水水道的横截面积从进水口开始逐渐减小。
上述所述的相邻两个分流台阶的相对高度差是不等的，在进水水道前段的若干个分流台阶中相邻两个分流台阶的相对高度差是逐渐变大的，在进水水道尾段的若干个分流台阶中相邻两个分流台阶的相对高度差是逐渐变小的。
上述所述的进水水道上的每一个分流台阶分别与一个支流水道对应。
上述所述的每个支流水道的入水口位于其所对应的分流台阶的尾部。
上述所述的在壳体的顶面上设置有若干大致呈″T″字型的凸台，相邻的2个凸台之间形成所述的支流水道，″T″字型的凸台的顶部位于进水水道的一侧。
上述所述的在功率器件下方、盖板的底面上往下伸出针床，针床伸入到其所对应的支流水道里面。
上述所述的在盖板的底面上往下伸出台阶部，台阶部伸入到进水水道里面并且使进水水道的横截面积从进水口开始逐渐减小。
一种电机控制器，包括控制器箱体、散热底座、控制线路板和若干功率模块，散热底座设置在控制器箱体里面，若干功率器件分别间隔排列地安装在散热底座上，在散热底座里面设置有散热水道，控制线路板安装在控制器箱体里面，并且每个功率模块都与控制线路板电连接在一起，散热水道包括进水口、进水水道、若干个支流水道、出水水道和出水口，进水口与进水水道连通，出水口与出水水道连通，若干个支流水道并排地设置在进水水道和出水水道之间， 通过若干个支流水道把进水水道和出水水道并联在一起，进水水道的横截面积从进水口开始逐渐减小
本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下效果：
1)进水口与进水水道连通，出水口与出水水道连通，若干个支流水道并排地设置在进水水道和出水水道之间，通过若干个支流水道把进水水道和出水水道并联在一起，冷却液从进水口流入进水水道后，进水水道内冷却液的流速实际上会从进水口开始逐渐降低，因此通过改变进水水道的横截面积，使进水水道的横截面积从进水口开始逐渐减小，使冷却液从进水口进入进水水道后流速较为平稳，并且可以按需分配流入每个支流水道的冷却液的流量，从而令不同的大功率器件的温度差别最小化，充分发挥大功率器件和冷却系统的性能，并且可以满足新能源产品集成化、一体化和小型化的需求；
2)在进水水道上设置有若干从进水口开始依次抬升的分流台阶，从而改变进水水道的横截面积，通过改变进水水道内分流台阶的高度，实现按设计需要分配流入每个支流水道的冷却液的流量的目的；
3)进水水道上的每一个分流台阶分别与一个支流水道对应，每个支流水道的入水口位于其所对应的分流台阶的尾部，通过分流台阶能够方便调控流入每个支流水道的冷却液的流量，实现按设计需要分配流入每个支流水道的冷却液的流量的目的，例如可以使流入每个支流水道的冷却液的流量平均化；
4)通过多次仿真验证，相邻两个分流台阶的相对高度差逐渐变大后逐渐减小，可以使得流入每个支流水道的冷却液的流量最大程度地平均化，特别适用于各个功率器件的散热条件和功率损耗一致的条件下；
5)在功率器件下方、盖板的底面上往下伸出针床，针床伸入到其所对应的支流水道里面，可以进一步的增加散热效果。
附图说明：
图1是实施例一中并联冷却结构的立体图；
图2是图1的侧视图；
图3是图2中A-A剖视图；
图4是实施例中壳体的立体图；
图5是图4中B-B局部放大图；
图6是实施例中并联冷却结构通入冷却液的流量分布示意图；
图7是实施例一种盖板的立体图；
图8是实施例二中盖板的立体图；
图9是实施例二中并联冷却结构的结构示意图；
图10是实施例三中电机控制器的立体图；
图11是实施例三中控制器箱体的立体图。
具体实施方式：
下面通过具体实施例并结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述。
实施例一：如图1、图2、图3、图4、图5和图6所示，本实施例是一种功率器件的并联冷却结构，包括散热底座1和若干功率器件2，若干功率器件2分别间隔排列地安装在散热底座1上，在散热底座1里面设置有散热水道3，散热水道3包括进水口31、进水水道32、若干个支流水道33、出水水道34和出水口35，进水口31与进水水道32连通，出水口35与出水水道34连通，若干个支流水道33并排地设置在进水水道32和出水水道34之间，通过若干个支流水道33把进水水道32和出水水道34并联在一起，进水水道32的横截面积从进水口31开始逐渐减小。
所述的散热底座1包括壳体11和安装在壳体11上的盖板12，盖板12为长方形平板，盖板12把设置在壳体11上的散热水道3密封住，功率器件2安装在盖板12上。功率器件2包括但不限于绝缘栅双极晶体管模块(即俗称的IGBT模块)、集成电路、晶闸管或其它在运行过程中产生热量的装置。结构中的连接孔和密封迷宫结构，或其它任意合适的连接紧固机制及密封措施在示意图中均未示出。
在进水水道32上设置有若干从进水口31开始依次抬升的分流台阶321， 从进水口31开始依次抬升的分流台阶321使进水水道32的横截面积从进水口31开始逐渐减小。
进水口31与进水管(图中未示意)连通，冷却液从进水口31流入进水水道32后，经分流台阶6分流后流入各支流水道33，分流台阶6按设计者的需求设计为不同的高度，从而令流入各支流水道33的冷却液流量符合设计者的要求，并在出水水道34中汇流，最后从出水口35流出。进水口31可根据需要开设在进水水道32的任意合理位置，但需要正确设计各分流台阶6的高度，保证进水水道32的横载面积从进水口31开始逐渐减小。出水口35也可按实际需要开设在出水水道34的任意位置。
外壳3的进水水道32中的分流台阶6从进水口31开始依次增加高度，从而令进水水道32的横截面积逐渐减小。相邻两个分流台阶321的相对高度差是不等的，在进水水道32前段的若干个分流台阶321中相邻两个分流台阶321的相对高度差是逐渐变大的，在进水水道32尾段的若干个分流台阶321中相邻两个分流台阶321的相对高度差是逐渐变小的，并且在进水水道32中间位置的相邻两个分流台阶321的相对高度差达到最大值，需要说明的是，此方案特别适用于各个功率器件的散热条件和功率损耗一致的条件下，能最大程度的把流入每个支流水道33的冷却液的流量平均化。进水水道32上的每一个分流台阶321分别与一个支流水道33对应。每个支流水道33的入水口331位于其所对应的分流台阶321的尾部，通过分流台阶321能够方便调控流入每个支流水道33的冷却液的流量，实现按设计需要分配流入每个支流水道33的冷却液的流量的目的。在壳体11的顶面上设置有若干大致呈″T″字型的凸台111，相邻的2个凸台111之间形成所述的支流水道33，″T″字型的凸台111的顶部位于进水水道32的一侧。
下面以仿真试验对实施例中的功率器件的并联冷却结构作进一步的说明，在此实施例中，支流水道33的数量是9个。
仿真试验：
1、材料属性：25℃水。
2、边界条件和求解设置
入口流量为30L/min，出口平均相对压强为0Pa。
采用k-ε湍流模型进行稳态分析。
根据需要设置收敛残差为1e-5。
3、分析结果
各支流水道流量如下表所示。从进水口到出水口的支流水道的编号分别为1至9。支流水道的目标流量为3.33333L/min。
Figure PCTCN2015077460-appb-000001
由上面的试验可以得知，通过正确设计各分流台阶6的高度，可以使流入各支流水道33的冷却液流量符合设计者的要求，并且使各个支流水道33的冷却液流量接近相等，特别适用于功耗相同的大功率器件，可以令不同的大功率器件的温度差别最小化，充分发挥大功率器件和冷却系统的性能。但本发明的实施方式不限于此，作为本领域的普通技术人员，在上实施方式的基础上，可以通过合理设计每个分流台阶6的不同高度，进而使流入每个支流水道33的冷 却液的流量差异化，从而实现对功耗不相同的大功率器件实现散热，使各个大功率器件的温度差别最小化，充分发挥大功率器件和冷却系统的性能，其并未背离本发明的精神实质与原理，都应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
如图7所示，进一步的，在功率器件2下方、盖板12的底面上往下伸出针床121，针床121伸入到其所对应的支流水道33里面。除了针床，还可以是翅片或者扰流柱或使用其它强化传热措施，从而增加散热效果。
实施例二：如图8和图9所示，与实施例一不同之处是：在盖板12的底面上往下伸出台阶部122，台阶部122从进水口31开始往下延伸的高度逐渐变大，台阶部122伸入到进水水道32里面，并且台阶部122与分流台阶6交错间隔排列，使进水水道32的横截面积从进水口31开始逐渐减小。
下面以仿真试验对实施例中的功率器件的并联冷却结构作进一步的说明，在此实施例中，支流水道33的数量也是9个。
仿真试验：
1、材料属性：25℃水。
2、边界条件和求解设置
入口流量为30L/min，出口平均相对压强为0Pa。
采用k-ε湍流模型进行稳态分析。
根据需要设置收敛残差为1e-5。
3、分析结果
各支流水道流量如下表所示。从进水口到出水口的支流水道的编号分别为1至9。支流水道的目标流量为3.33333L/min。
Figure PCTCN2015077460-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2015077460-appb-000003
由上面的试验可以得知，通过在盖板12的底面上往下伸出台阶部122，台阶部122伸入到进水水道32里面并且使进水水道32的横截面积从进水口31开始逐渐减小，并且正确设计各分流台阶6的高度，可以使流入各支流水道33的冷却液流量符合设计者的要求，并且使各个支流水道33的冷却液流量接近相等，需要说明的是，此方案特别适用于各个功率器件的散热条件和功率损耗一致的条件下，能最大程度的把流入每个支流水道33的冷却液的流量平均化，可以令不同的大功率器件的温度差别最小化，充分发挥大功率器件和冷却系统的性能。但本发明的实施方式不限于此，作为本领域的普通技术人员，在上实施方式的基础上，可以通过合理设计每个分流台阶6的不同高度，进而使流入每个支流水道33的冷却液的流量差异化，从而实现对功耗不相同的大功率器件实现散热，使各个大功率器件的温度差别最小化，充分发挥大功率器件和冷却系统的性能，其并未背离本发明的精神实质与原理，都应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
进一步的，在功率器件2下方、盖板12的底面上往下伸出针床121，针床121伸入到其所对应的支流水道33里面。除了针床，还可以是翅片或者扰流柱或者使用其它强化传热措施，从而增加散热效果，本实施例中在附图中未完全示意。
实施例三：如图10和图11所示，本实施例是一种电机控制器，包括控制器箱体4、散热底座1、控制线路板5和若干功率模块2，散热底座1设置在控 制器箱体4里面，若干功率器件2分别间隔排列地安装在散热底座1上，在散热底座1里面设置有散热水道3，控制线路板5安装在控制器箱体4里面，并且每个功率模块2都与控制线路板5电连接在一起，散热水道3包括进水口31、进水水道32、若干个支流水道33、出水水道34和出水口35，进水口31与进水水道32连通，出水口35与出水水道34连通，若干个支流水道33并排地设置在进水水道32和出水水道34之间，通过若干个支流水道33把进水水道32和出水水道34并联在一起，进水水道32的横截面积从进水口31开始逐渐减小。
以上实施例为本发明的较佳实施方式，但本发明的实施方式不限于此，其他任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种功率器件的并联冷却结构，包括散热底座(1)和若干功率器件(2)，若干功率器件(2)分别间隔排列地安装在散热底座(1)上，在散热底座(1)里面设置有散热水道(3)，其特征在于：散热水道(3)包括进水口(31)、进水水道(32)、若干个支流水道(33)、出水水道(34)和出水口(35)，进水口(31)与进水水道(32)连通，出水口(35)与出水水道(34)连通，若干个支流水道(33)并排地设置在进水水道(32)和出水水道(34)之间，通过若干个支流水道(33)把进水水道(32)和出水水道(34)并联在一起，进水水道(32)的横截面积从进水口(31)开始逐渐减小。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种功率器件的并联冷却结构，其特征在于：所述的散热底座(1)包括壳体(11)和安装在壳体(11)上的盖板(12)，功率器件(2)安装在盖板(12)上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种功率器件的并联冷却结构，其特征在于：在进水水道(32)上设置有若干从进水口(31)开始依次抬升的分流台阶(321)，从进水口(31)开始依次抬升的分流台阶(321)使进水水道(32)的横截面积从进水口(31)开始逐渐减小。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种功率器件的并联冷却结构，其特征在于：相邻两个分流台阶(321)的相对高度差是不等的，在进水水道(32)前段的若干个分流台阶(321)中相邻两个分流台阶(321)的相对高度差是逐渐变大的，在进水水道(32)尾段的若干个分流台阶(321)中相邻两个分流台阶(321)的相对高度差是逐渐变小的。
  5. 根据权利要求2或3所述的一种功率器件的并联冷却结构，其特征在于：进水水道(32)上的每一个分流台阶(321)分别与一个支流水道(33)对应。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种功率器件的并联冷却结构，其特征在于：每个支流水道(33)的入水口(331)位于其所对应的分流台阶(321)的尾部。
  7. 根据权利要求2或3或4所述的一种功率器件的并联冷却结构，其特征 在于：在壳体(11)的顶面上设置有若干大致呈″T″字型的凸台(111)，相邻的2个凸台(111)之间形成所述的支流水道(33)，″T″字型的凸台(111)的顶部位于进水水道(32)的一侧。
  8. 根据权利要求2或3或4所述的一种功率器件的并联冷却结构，其特征在于：在功率器件(2)下方、盖板(12)的底面上往下伸出针床(121)，针床(121)伸入到其所对应的支流水道(33)里面。
  9. 根据权利要求2或3或4所述的一种功率器件的并联冷却结构，其特征在于：在盖板(12)的底面上往下伸出台阶部(122)，台阶部(122)伸入到进水水道(32)里面并且使进水水道(32)的横截面积从进水口(31)开始逐渐减小。
  10. 一种电机控制器，包括控制器箱体(4)、散热底座(1)、控制线路板(5)和若干功率模块(2)，散热底座(1)设置在控制器箱体(4)里面，若干功率器件(2)分别间隔排列地安装在散热底座(1)上，在散热底座(1)里面设置有散热水道(3)，控制线路板(5)安装在控制器箱体(4)里面，并且每个功率模块(2)都与控制线路板(5)电连接在一起，其特征在于：散热水道(3)包括进水口(31)、进水水道(32)、若干个支流水道(33)、出水水道(34)和出水口(35)，进水口(31)与进水水道(32)连通，出水口(35)与出水水道(34)连通，若干个支流水道(33)并排地设置在进水水道(32)和出水水道(34)之间，通过若干个支流水道(33)把进水水道(32)和出水水道(34)并联在一起，进水水道(32)的横截面积从进水口(31)开始逐渐减小。
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CN113427728A (zh) * 2021-06-30 2021-09-24 河源市宏松源科技有限公司 一种高精度显示器壳体一次成型自动脱模模具

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