WO2016102053A1

WO2016102053A1 - Compressor

Info

Publication number: WO2016102053A1
Application number: PCT/EP2015/002529
Authority: WO
Inventors: Christian ETTER
Original assignee: Gea Bock Gmbh
Priority date: 2014-12-22
Filing date: 2015-12-16
Publication date: 2016-06-30
Also published as: EP3237756B1; DE102015015177A1; CN107208617A; CN107208617B; EP3237756A1

Abstract

Compressor for compressing coolant with a cylinder block, a cylinder cover (12) and a valve plate (10) which is arranged between the cylinder block and the cylinder cover (12) and has an outlet opening (22) for compressed coolant, wherein the compressor also has a valve element or a valve body (26) for sealing or closing the outlet opening (22), wherein the valve plate (10) is in one piece or one layer, wherein the valve plate (10) is supported on the cylinder cover (12) and/or on the cylinder block in the region of a pressure unit, and in particular is connected or secured thereto by means of a connection element, in particular a screw (38).

Description

compressor

The present invention relates to a compressor for compressing refrigerant according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Not least due to the increasing globalization of technology and also due to a steadily increasing global trade in perishable goods which require cooling, as well as an increased need for comfort of the people (for example, with respect to air-conditioned rooms), refrigeration is becoming an increasingly growing industry. Due to the increase in the price of energy, more and more attention is being paid to the most efficient use of energy, which is provided by the corresponding chillers, compressors, air conditioning systems, etc.

For example, in refrigeration in the supermarket, industrial and marine sectors or in the field of mobile air conditioning and refrigeration reciprocating compressors play a major role. Reciprocating compressors for use in the field of refrigeration usually have eigenmediumbetätigte valves which are arranged on a valve plate. The valve plate itself is in turn disposed between a cylinder block and a cylinder cover and separates the compression volumes (cylinder spaces) arranged in the cylinder block from a suction gas volume and a compressed gas volume, both of which are arranged (separated from each other) in the cylinder cover. In the prior art are available all lamella valves known which are attached to the valve plate or formed integrally therewith. The valve plate is usually through

Fixing screws pressed together with the cylinder cover under pretension against the cylinder block. The required tightness is produced by flat gaskets at both existing sealing levels.

The size of the valve openings, however, is usually relatively small in the compressors according to the prior art, whereby due to the small flow cross-section correspondingly spend power to transport refrigerant, in particular the compressed refrigerant from the compression volumes after

Eject compression process.

From US Pat. No. 7,040,877 B2 a compressor is known, which has a multi-part, multi-layered or multi-layered construction, in the interior partially hollow valve plate construction, which i.a. an upper plate and a lower plate, and an annular spacer and a central spacer. The annular spacer is disposed between the upper and lower plates in the region of the outer circumference (extending from the outer circumference inwardly) of the upper and lower plates. Thereby, a sandwich-type valve plate construction which is internally, i.

formed between the upper and the lower plate cavities formed, wherein the cavities at least partially serve the guidance of the coolant flow. The

Outlet opening in the valve plate construction is circular and is closed by a valve body, which can be brought from a closed position to an open position, whereby the compressed refrigerant from a cylinder chamber

can be ejected.

However, the structure according to US Pat. No. 7,040,877 B2 is relatively complicated and therefore expensive to manufacture, in particular because of the two-layer design of the valve plate.

Starting from the prior art discussed above, it is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a compressor, in particular compressors for compressing refrigerant, which has a simple structure compared to compressors according to the prior art This object is achieved by a compressor according to claim 1.

According to the invention, a corresponding compressor for compressing refrigerant comprises a cylinder block, a cylinder cover and a valve plate arranged between the cylinder block and the cylinder cover, which has a compressed refrigerant outlet opening. The compressor further comprises a valve element or a

Valve body for sealing or closing the outlet opening. The valve plate is made in the compressor in one piece or single layer and connected to the cylinder cover and / or with the cylinder block in the region of a pressure test, in particular by means of a screw or supported on this, preferably with this via a corresponding support element in plant. This gives the structure a corresponding stability, the large valve opening, in particular at the outlet of the compressor at high

Stability allowed. The larger the valve opening or the valve openings of a compressor can (can be) designed, the greater the refrigerant flow rate of the unit can be realized or selected.

The connection or support takes place in the region of the pressure unit or the

so-called pressure tests, i. the pressure nest (or the printing unit) is with the

Cylinder cover connected or supported against it. The pressure unit or the pressure nest extends over the area of the valve plate between the

Intersection of the extended central axis of a cylinder bore (central axis of the bore in its direction of extent, central axis in the axial direction of the respective bore) with the valve plate to the openings in the valve plate, which are used to eject the

compressed refrigerant are provided. Optionally, this is arranged in the suction volume or in the pressure volume, in particular an approximately columnar support element, uiolrhoe cirh

in D irhtn nn Listen Vpnt-i l nl at + o extends. This support element may preferably be in the middle in the direction of its

Extension of an outer wall of the cylinder cover toward the valve plate a

Recess for passing through the connecting element, for example, the screw, have, by means of which the connection is made. Alternatively, it would also be conceivable to provide the support element itself as a connecting element, and to attach this to the valve plate, for example by means of an adhesive, soldering or welding process. Further features of the invention are specified in the subclaims and the following description of a possible embodiment of a corresponding compressor.

The invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings by means of exemplary embodiments. In the drawings show:

Fig. 1 is a perspective sectional view of a cylinder cover and a valve plate of a possible embodiment of a compressor according to the invention;

Fig. 2, the valve plate of the compressor of Figure 1 in plan view. and

Fig. 3, the valve plate shown in Fig. 2 in a sectional view.

As shown in Fig. 1, a possible embodiment of a

compressor according to the invention on a valve plate 10 and a cylinder cover 12. The compressor further comprises (not shown in the figures) a cylinder block which is arranged on the side facing away from the cylinder cover 12 of the valve plate. In other words, the valve plate 10 is disposed between the cylinder block and the cylinder cover 12.

The cylinder cover 12 has recesses in which screws 14 are arranged, with which the cylinder cover 12 is attached to the cylinder block (which, as mentioned above, not shown in the figures) of the compressor. The cylinder cover 12 also has a suction volume or a suction chamber 16 per cylinder provided

(Recess in the cylinder cover 12 and arranged in this volume) from which or the refrigerant is sucked into the cylinder of the compressor, and a pressure volume 18 (also a recess in the cylinder cover 12), wherein the respective

Suction volume 16 is arranged annularly around the corresponding pressure volume 18 around.

2 and 3) has an inlet opening 20, via which refrigerant to be compressed from the suction chamber 16 can flow into a cylinder space (compression volume), and an outlet opening 22, can be discharged or expelled from the cylinder space via the compressed refrigerant. The outlet opening 22 is formed in a circular (full circle), and has an outlet opening diameter dl, while the inlet opening 20 is circular (interrupted in alternative embodiments by webs

circular-shaped configuration) is formed and has an inlet opening inner diameter d2 and an inlet opening outer diameter d3. The diameters d 1, d 2 and d 3 are the diameter formed on the side of the valve plate 10 facing the cylinder block, where d 1 <d 2 <d 3. The respective dl, d2 and d3 associated circles are arranged concentrically, so that the

annular inlet opening 20 concentrically around the circular

trained outlet opening 22 extends around.

The valve plate 10 further has a valve body recess 24 which extends from its side facing the cylinder cover 12 in the direction of the cylinder block facing side and concentrically around the outlet opening 22 around

is arranged, wherein the outer diameter of the valve body recess 24, which is also formed approximately circular, is approximately d2.

The exhaust port 22, which is circular (full circle) as mentioned above, and has an exhaust port diameter dl formed on the side of the valve plate 10 facing the cylinder block, has an exhaust port diameter dl 'on its cylinder cover side, which is greater than dl (it is therefore dl <dl '). In other words, the

Outlet opening on a beveled edge, which is the decreasing

Diameter of the opening from the cylinder cover 12 side facing the cylinder block facing side of the valve plate extends.

The compressor further comprises a valve element or a valve body 26 for

Sealing or closing the outlet opening 16. The valve body 26 is disposed in the valve body recess 24 and has a sealing portion 28 with an approximately circular outer periphery. The sealing portion 28 has a first

Sealing portion portion 28a with an approximately constant outer diameter and a second sealing portion portion 28b with a tapered outer diameter. The first sealing portion portion 28a forms a cylinder cover facing Section of the sealing portion 28, while the second sealing portion portion 28 b forms a cylinder block facing portion of the sealing portion 28.

The first sealing portion portion 28a has an outer diameter d10 which is distributed over the entire thickness of the first sealing portion portion 28a, i. over the entire extent of the cylinder cover 12 side facing up to the

Cylinder block facing side is approximately constant. In alternative

Embodiments is also a non-constant outer diameter, in particular a from the cylinder cover 12 side facing the cylinder block facing side increasing outer diameter conceivable.

The outer diameter of the second sealing portion portion 28 b, which has the tapered outer diameter decreases from a formed on the cylinder cover 12 side facing outer diameter dl l on one of the

Cylinder block facing side formed outer diameter dl2 which represents the minimum outer diameter of the second sealing portion portion 28b, while dl l represents the maximum outer diameter of the second sealing portion portion 28b. In the described embodiment, the outer diameter d10 of the first sealing portion portion 28a is larger than the outer diameter d11 and d12 of the second sealing portion portion 28b; thus applies for the described embodiment d 10 <dll <dl2. Further, in the present embodiment, the relation 0.85 * dl 1 <dl 2 <0.95 * dl 1 is satisfied, and in alternative embodiments other relations may apply, for example, it is conceivable that d 1 = dl 2.

The valve body 26 is deflectably deflected from its position against the action of a resilient element, in particular a cup spring 30, i. he can be moved by exerting a force from its rest or closed position in which he is in contact with the valve plate 10 in an open position in which he is lifted from the valve plate 10. The above-mentioned force is exerted by the compressed refrigerant in the operation of the compressor.

The valve body has a web portion 32 which is angeord on the cylinder cover 12 facing side of the sealing portion 28 at this and web-shaped extending away from the Dichtabschitt 28 in the direction of the cylinder cover 12. Of the Web portion 32 includes with the sealing portion 28 at an angle of approximately 90 °. The web portion 32 is formed annularly with an inner diameter d21 and an outer diameter d22, wherein d21 <d22 <dl2 applies. In alternative

Embodiments may apply d22 = d l2 or d22> dl2, depending on the design of the elastic element and the resulting forces acting, for example, due to the choice of the refrigerant and / or geometric conditions. The web portion 32 has a web surface 33, which at one of the

Sealing portion 28 remote end of the web portion 32 is arranged and which serves as a support and / or interaction surface for / with the elastic member.

The valve plate 10 is designed in one piece or single layer and is supported on or against the cylinder cover. In the described embodiment, the valve plate is connected to the cylinder cover 12 (in alternative embodiments with the cylinder block or with the cylinder cover 12 and the cylinder block) by means of a connecting element, in particular a screw 38 in the region of a pressure nest 24 or attached thereto. Between the valve plate 10 and the cylinder cover 12, a seal 34 is arranged, which ensures a corresponding seal between the cylinder cover 12 and the valve plate 10. Another seal (not shown in the figures) is provided between the cylinder block and the valve plate 10.

From Fig. 1 it can be seen that in the cylinder cover 12 each for each cylinder

Connecting element in the form of the screw 38 is provided for connection to the valve plate 10. For this purpose, the valve plate 10 on a support portion 40 which extends from the valve body recess 24 in the direction of the cylinder cover 12 and is formed in the described embodiment in an approximately columnar shape. The cylinder cover 12 has a likewise approximately column-shaped cylinder cover extension 46 which extends from the outer or top of the cylinder cover 12 in the direction of the valve body recess 24, in particular to the support portion 40 and with the cylinder cover integral (in one piece and one-substance) is formed. The support portion 40 and the cylinder cover extension 46 are abutted against the respective facing sides (support portion abutment surface 44 and cylinder cover extension abutment surface 48), with the seal 34 extending between the two elements. The cylinder block facing side of the support portion 40 is disposed in the pressure volume 18 in the region of the valve body recess 24, whereby increased stability the construction is achieved.

In addition, in the described embodiment, the cylinder cover 12 and the valve plate 10 are fastened together. For this purpose, both the support portion 40th

(Support member) and the cylinder cover extension 46 in its center one each

Recess on. The recess of the support portion 40 is provided with the thread 42. The screws 38 each engage in a corresponding thread 42 formed in the support portion 40 of the valve plate 10 and provide a firm connection of the cylinder cover 12 to the valve plate 10. In alternative embodiments, it is contemplated that the valve plate 10 may alternatively or additionally be attached to the cylinder block is supported or connected to the cylinder block, preferably in turn by a Versch robbery. Alternatives to a screw connection or a screw as a connection element would be other connection methods, such as soldering, gluing or welding.

The connection or support between the cylinder cover 12 and the valve plate 10 via the screw 38 and the support portion 40 is carried out for each cylinder of the compressor in the described embodiment in the region of the pressure unit or the so-called pressure nest, i. the pressure unit or the pressure nest is connected to the cylinder cover 12. The pressure nest or the pressure unit of the valve plate 10 extends over the region of the valve plate 10 between the intersection of the (extended) central axis of a cylinder bore (central axis of the bore in its extension direction, central axis in the axial direction of the respective bore) with the valve plate and the

Outlet openings, which are provided for discharging the compressed refrigerant.

The inlet opening 14 is referred to by means of a ring blade (lamella), hereinafter also referred to as suction lamella 36, which at the cylinder block of the valve plate 10th

is arranged facing side, closed or sealed. The suction blade 36, which in a closed state, i. in a state in which they are at the

Valve plate 10 is applied, the suction volume 16 and the corresponding cylinder chamber

(Compaction volume) separates from each other, by a corresponding lifting of the valve plate 10, the respective inlet opening and allows inflow of the medium to be compressed (suction gas, here in the form of refrigerant) in the

Compression volume. The lifting of the suction plate 36 of the valve plate 10 is through causes a negative pressure prevailing in the compression volume in the intake cycle. The suction blade 36 moves away from the valve plate 10 in the direction of

Compression volume. The suction plate 36 is annular and has a Sauglamellen outer diameter d31 and a Sauglamellen inner diameter d32.

The suction blade 36 has at two points of the annulus outwardly directed approximately rectangular suction lamella projections formed at an angle of 180 ° or opposite to the suction plate 36. Like the suction blade 36 itself, and the Sauglamellen-extensions are plate-shaped corresponding to the

plate-shaped design of the suction plate 36 constructed. The Sauglamellen-extensions are integral and einstoffig formed with the suction plate 36. Alternatively, the suction lamella projections may also be made of a different material and / or attached to the suction lamella 36 by means of a suitable attachment method (eg gluing, soldering, welding). The Sauglamellen-extensions have each

Recesses in the form of elongated holes (guides), in which a guide pin arranged in the valve plate engages. If the suction plate is drawn into the compression volume during suction of the suction gas and thus lifted from the suction opening, the Sauglamellen-extensions move through the guide pins in the direction of the pressure plates (or simply: they move inwards) and limit the stroke of the suction plate 36th if the guide pins at the outer end

(Outer diameter) of the slots abut.

Although the invention will be described with reference to an embodiment with a fixed combination of features, it also includes the conceivable further advantageous

Combinations as specified in particular, but not exhaustive, by the subclaims. All disclosed in the application documents features are claimed as essential to the invention, as far as they are new individually or in combination over the prior art.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10 valve plate

12 cylinder cover

14 screws suction volume

print volume

inlet port

outlet

Valve body recess

valve body

Dichtabschitt

a first sealing portion portion b second sealing portion portion

Belleville spring

web section

land surface

poetry

suction plate

screw

support section

thread

Support section contact surface

Cylinder cover-extension

Cylinder cover-projection-bearing surface

Claims

claims

A compressor for compressing refrigerant comprising a cylinder block, a cylinder cover (12) and a valve plate (10) disposed between the cylinder block and the cylinder cover (12) having a compressed refrigerant outlet port (22), the compressor further comprising a valve element or a valve body (26) for sealing or closing the outlet opening (22),

characterized in that

the valve plate (10) is made in one piece or single layer, wherein the valve plate (10) is supported on the cylinder cover (12) and / or on the cylinder block in the region of a pressure test, in particular by means of a connecting element, in particular a screw (38) connected thereto is or attached to it.

2. Compressor according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the valve element or the valve body (26) has a sealing portion (28) which in particular has an approximately circular outer circumference.

3. Compressor according to claim 2,

characterized in that

the sealing portion (28) has a first sealing portion portion (28a) having an approximately constant outer diameter and a second sealing portion portion (28b) having a tapered outer diameter.

4. Compressor according to claim 3,

characterized in that

the first sealing portion portion (28a) has a first outer diameter d10 and that the outer diameter of the second sealing portion portion (28b) having the tapered outer diameter is of a second outer diameter d11 having the maximum outer diameter of the second sealing portion portion (28b); 28b), to a third outer diameter dl2, which is the minimum

Outside diameter of the second sealing portion portion (28b), tapers.

5. Compressor according to claim 4,

characterized in that

the first outer diameter d10 is greater than the second outer diameter d11, in particular 0.85 * d10 <dll <0.95 * d10.

6. Compressor according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the valve element or the valve body (26) against the action of an elastic element, in particular a plate spring (30), is deflectably arranged from its position.

7. Compressor according to one of claims 2 to 6,

characterized in that

the valve element or the valve body (26) has a web portion (32) which extends bar-shaped away from the Dichtabschitt (28) and with the sealing portion (28) forms an angle of approximately 90 °.

8. A compressor according to claim 7,

characterized in that

the web portion (32) has a land surface which is on one of the

Seal portion (28) remote end of the web portion (32) is arranged, and which serves as a support and / or interaction surface with the elastic member.

9. Compressor according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the outlet opening (22) is formed fully circular. Compressor according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the valve plate (10) has a support portion (40) which is disposed with a cylinder cover extension (46) of the cylinder cover (12) in abutment, in particular further attached thereto.