WO2016072707A1

WO2016072707A1 - Wireless power transmission and charging system

Info

Publication number: WO2016072707A1
Application number: PCT/KR2015/011715
Authority: WO
Inventors: 정춘길; 노상연
Original assignee: 주식회사 한림포스텍
Priority date: 2014-11-03
Filing date: 2015-11-03
Publication date: 2016-05-12

Abstract

Disclosed is a wireless power transmission and charging system comprising at least one of a coil array, a hybrid transmission unit, a means for protection against overheating or for detection of foreign matter by means of a temperature or pressure sensor, and a power control unit.

Description

Wireless power transfer and charging system

The technical field relates to a wireless power transmission and charging system for transmitting and receiving power wirelessly.

The wireless power transmission system includes a wireless power transmitter for wirelessly transmitting electrical energy and a wireless power receiver for receiving electrical energy from the wireless power transmitter.

Using a wireless power transfer system, it is possible to charge the battery of a mobile phone, for example by simply placing the mobile phone on a charging pad without connecting a separate charging connector.

The wireless energy transfer method may be classified into a magnetic induction method, a magnetic resonance method, and an electromagnetic wave method according to a principle of transmitting electrical energy.

Magnetic induction is a method of transmitting electrical energy by using a phenomenon in which electricity is induced between a transmitter coil and a receiver coil.

The magnetic resonance method is a method in which energy is intensively transferred to a receiver coil designed to have the same resonance frequency by generating a magnetic field oscillating at a resonance frequency in a transmitter coil.

The electromagnetic wave method is a method of receiving an electromagnetic wave by using a plurality of rectennas in the receiving unit converts the electromagnetic wave into electrical energy.

On the other hand, the wireless power transmission technology is a flexible coupled wireless power transfer technology (flexibly coupled technology) according to the type or strength of the magnetic resonant coupling of the transmitter coil and the receiver coil. And may be classified into a tightly coupled wireless power transfer technology (hereinafter, 'tightly coupled technology').

In this case, in the case of 'flexibly coupled technology', since a magnetic resonance coupling may be formed between one transmitter resonator and a plurality of receiver resonators, simultaneous multiple charging may be possible.

In this case, 'tightly coupled technology' may be a technology capable of only one-to-one power transmission between one transmitter coil and one receiver coil.

The present invention proposes a wireless power transmission and charging system, and proposes an improved configuration of the wireless power transmission and charging system.

In a wireless power transmission and charging system, a wireless power transmission and charging system comprising at least one of a coil array, a hybrid transmission unit, a configuration for performing overheat protection or foreign material detection by a temperature or pressure sensor, and a power control unit.

In one embodiment, a wireless power transmitter includes: a magnetic induction transmitter configured to transmit power in a magnetic induction manner; A magnetic resonance transmitter for transmitting power in a magnetic resonance method; And turning on the first switch provided in the magnetic induction transmitter in the magnetic induction transmission mode, and turning on one of the second switch and the third switch included in the magnetic resonance transmitter in the magnetic resonance transmission mode and turning off the other switch. And a switching controller.

In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a wireless power transmitter includes: a magnetic induction transmitter configured to transmit power in a magnetic induction manner; A magnetic resonance transmitter for transmitting power in a magnetic resonance method; And a switch controller for turning on a switch connected to the magnetic induction transmitter in a magnetic induction transmission mode and controlling the magnetic resonance transmitter to be a closed loop in the magnetic resonance transmission mode. The connected switch remains on.

Stable and efficient wireless power transmission and charging is possible.

1 is a view for explaining the overall concept of a wireless power transmission system.

2 is a block diagram of a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a detailed block diagram of a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a flowchart illustrating operations of a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a graph of the time axis of the amount of power applied by the wireless power transmitter according to the embodiment of FIG. 5.

7 is a block diagram of a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver according to another embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a diagram illustrating an example of configuring two primary coils.

9 is a diagram illustrating an example of configuring three primary coils.

FIG. 10 is a detailed block diagram of a power transmitter of the wireless power transmitter according to the embodiment of FIG. 7.

11 is a diagram illustrating an example of configuring a primary coil array for a power transmitter.

12 is a flowchart illustrating a control operation of a wireless power transmitter.

13 is a diagram for describing a configuration of a power transmitter, according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a connection relationship between an output terminal of a inverter included in the power converter of FIG. 13, a magnetic induction transmitter, and a magnetic resonance transmitter.

FIG. 15 shows an example of the configuration of the magnetic induction transmitter and the magnetic resonance transmitter of FIG. 13.

16 is a diagram for describing a method of controlling the primary coil array of FIG. 11, according to an exemplary embodiment.

17 is a diagram for describing a power transfer control algorithm of the wireless power transmitter.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1, the wireless charging system wirelessly powers the wireless power transmitter 100 and the at least one wireless power receivers 110-1, 110-2, and 110-n, respectively. 1-n) can be transmitted. More specifically, the wireless power transmitter 100 may wirelessly transmit power 1-1, 1-2, 1-n only to an authenticated wireless power receiver that has performed a predetermined authentication procedure.

The wireless power transmitter 100 may form an electrical connection with the wireless power receivers 110-1, 110-2, and 110-n. For example, the wireless power transmitter 100 may transmit wireless power in the form of electromagnetic waves to the wireless power receivers 110-1, 110-2, and 110-n.

In addition, the wireless power transmitter 100 may perform bidirectional communication with the wireless power receivers 110-1, 110-2, and 110-n. At this time, the wireless power transmitter 100 and the wireless power receivers 110-1, 110-2, and 110-n process or transmit and receive packets 2-1, 2-2, and 2-n composed of predetermined frames. can do. The above-described frame will be described later in more detail. In particular, the wireless power receiver may be implemented as a mobile communication terminal, a PDA, a PMP, a smart phone, or the like.

In addition, the wireless power transmitter 100 may wirelessly provide power to the plurality of wireless power receivers 110-1, 110-2, and 110-n. For example, the wireless power transmitter 100 may transmit power to the plurality of wireless power receivers 110-1, 110-2, and 110-n through a resonance method. When the wireless power transmitter 100 adopts a resonance method, a distance between the wireless power transmitter 100 and the plurality of wireless power receivers 110-1, 110-2, and 1110-n may be 30 m or less. In addition, when the wireless power transmitter 100 adopts an electromagnetic induction method, a distance between the wireless power transmitter 100 and the plurality of wireless power receivers 110-1, 110-2, and 110-n may be preferably 10 cm or less. .

In addition, the wireless power transmitter 100 may include a display means such as a display, and the wireless power receiver 110-based on a message received from each of the wireless power receivers 110-1, 110-2, and 110-n. 1,110-2,110-n) can be displayed for each state. In addition, the wireless power transmitter 100 may also display the estimated time until each wireless power receiver 110-1, 110-2, 110-n is fully charged.

In addition, the wireless power transmitter 100 may transmit a control signal for disabling the wireless charging function to each of the wireless power receivers 110-1, 110-2, and 110-n. The wireless power receiver that receives the disable control signal of the wireless charging function from the wireless power transmitter 100 may disable the wireless charging function.

The wireless power receivers 110-1, 110-2, and 110-n may receive wireless power from the wireless power transmitter 100 to charge the battery included therein. In addition, the wireless power receivers 110-1, 110-2, and 110-n may transmit a signal for requesting wireless power transmission, information necessary for receiving wireless power, wireless power receiver status information, or wireless power transmitter 100 control information. 100). Information on the above-described transmission signal will be described later in more detail.

In addition, the wireless power receivers 110-1, 110-2, and 110-n may transmit messages indicating respective charging states to the wireless power transmitter 100.

Referring to FIG. 2, the wireless power transmitter 200 may include a power transmitter 211, a controller 212, and a communicator 213. In addition, the wireless power receiver 250 may include a power receiver 251, a controller 252, and a communication unit 253.

The power transmitter 211 may provide power required by the wireless power transmitter 200, and may wirelessly provide power to the wireless power receiver 250. Here, the power transmission unit 211 may supply power in the form of an AC waveform, while supplying power in the form of a DC waveform, it may be converted into an AC waveform using an inverter and supplied in the form of an AC waveform. The power transmitter 211 may be implemented in the form of a built-in battery, or may be implemented in the form of a power receiving interface to receive power from the outside and supply it to other components. It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the power transmitter 211 is not limited as long as it can provide power of a constant AC waveform.

In addition, the power transmitter 211 may provide the AC waveform to the wireless power receiver 250 in the form of electromagnetic waves. The power transmitter 211 may further include a loop coil, and thus may transmit or receive a predetermined electromagnetic wave. When the power transmitter 211 is implemented as a loop coil, the inductance L of the loop coil may be changeable. On the other hand, the power transmitter 211 will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that there is no limitation as long as it is a means for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves.

The controller 212 may control overall operations of the wireless power transmitter 200. The controller 212 may control overall operations of the wireless power transmitter 200 by using an algorithm, a program, or an application required for control read from a storage unit (not shown). The controller 212 may be implemented in the form of a CPU, a microprocessor, or a minicomputer. The detailed operation of the controller 212 will be described later in more detail.

The communication unit 213 may communicate with the wireless power receiver 250 in a predetermined manner. The communication unit 213 may perform communication using the communication unit 253 of the wireless power receiver 250 using near field communication (NFC), Zigbee communication, infrared communication, visible light communication, and the like. The communication unit 213 according to an embodiment of the present invention may perform communication using the Zigbee communication method of the IEEE802.15.4 method. In addition, the communication unit 213 may use a carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA / CA) algorithm. The configuration related to frequency and channel selection used by the communication unit 213 will be described later in more detail. On the other hand, the above-described communication method is merely exemplary, the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific communication method performed by the communication unit 213.

Meanwhile, the communication unit 213 may transmit a signal for information of the wireless power transmitter 200. Herein, the communication unit 213 may unicast, multicast, or broadcast a signal.

The communication unit 213 may receive power information from the wireless power receiver 250. The power information may include at least one of the capacity of the wireless power receiver 250, the remaining battery capacity, the number of charges, the usage amount, the battery capacity and the battery ratio. In addition, the communication unit 213 may transmit a charging function control signal for controlling the charging function of the wireless power receiver 250. The charging function control signal may be a control signal for controlling the wireless power receiver 251 of the specific wireless power receiver 250 to enable or disable the charging function.

In addition, the communication unit 213 may receive a signal from not only the wireless power receiver 250 but also another wireless power transmitter (not shown). For example, the communication unit 213 may receive a notice signal of a frame from another wireless power transmitter.

Meanwhile, in FIG. 2, the power transmitter 211 and the communication unit 213 are configured as different hardware so that the wireless power transmitter 200 is communicated in an out-band format, but this is exemplary. According to the present invention, the power transmitter 211 and the communication unit 213 are implemented in one piece of hardware so that the wireless power transmitter 200 can perform communication in an in-band format.

The wireless power transmitter 200 and the wireless power receiver 250 may transmit and receive various signals, thereby joining the wireless power receiver 250 to the wireless power network controlled by the wireless power transmitter 200 and transmitting and receiving wireless power. The charging process may be performed through, and the above-described process will be described in more detail below.

In addition, FIG. 2 briefly illustrates the configuration of the wireless power transmitter 200 and the wireless power receiver 250. In FIG. 3, detailed configurations of the wireless power transmitter 200 and the wireless power receiver 250 are illustrated. The detailed description thereof will be made later.

Referring to FIG. 3, the wireless power transmitter 200 may include a power transmitter 211, a controller and a

communicator

212 and 213, a driver 214, an amplifier 215, and a matcher 216. The wireless power receiver 250 may include a power receiver 251, a controller and a

communicator

252 and 253, a rectifier 254, a DC / DC converter 255, a switch 256, and a load 257. .

The driver 214 may output DC power having a predetermined voltage value. The voltage value of the DC power output from the driver 214 may be controlled by the controller and the

communication unit

212, 213.

The DC current output from the driver 214 may be output to the amplifier 215. The amplifier 215 may amplify the DC current with a predetermined gain. In addition, the DC power may be converted into AC based on the signals input from the control unit and the

communication unit

212 and 213. Accordingly, the amplifier 215 may output AC power.

The matching unit 216 may perform impedance matching. For example, the impedance viewed from the matching unit 216 may be adjusted to control the output power to be high efficiency or high output. The matching unit 216 may adjust the impedance based on the control of the controller and the

communication unit

212 and 213. The matching unit 216 may include at least one of a coil and a capacitor. The control unit and the

communication unit

212 and 213 may control a connection state with at least one of the coil and the capacitor, and thus may perform impedance matching.

The power transmitter 211 may transmit the input AC power to the power receiver 251. The power transmitter 211 and the power receiver 251 may be implemented as a resonance circuit having the same resonance frequency. For example, the resonant frequency may be determined to be 6.78 MHz. The control unit and the

communication unit

212 and 213 may communicate with the control unit and the

communication unit

252 and 253 on the wireless power receiver 250 side.

The power receiver 251 may receive charging power from the power transmitter 211.

The rectifier 254 may rectify the wireless power received by the power receiver 251 in the form of direct current, and may be implemented, for example, in the form of a bridge diode. The DC / DC converter 255 may convert the rectified power into a predetermined gain. For example, the DC / DC converter 255 may convert the rectified power such that the voltage of the output terminal 259 is 5V. On the other hand, the minimum value and the maximum value of the voltage that can be applied to the front end 258 of the DC / DC converter 255 may be preset.

The switch unit 256 may connect the DC / DC converter 255 and the load unit 257. The switch unit 256 may maintain an on / off state under the control of the controller 252. The load unit 257 may store the converted power input from the DC / DC converter 255 when the switch unit 256 is in an on state.

Referring to FIG. 4, the wireless power transmitter 400 may apply power (S401). If power is applied, the wireless power transmitter 400 may configure an environment (S402).

The wireless power transmitter 400 may enter a power save mode (S403). In the power saving mode, the wireless power transmitter 400 may apply each of the heterogeneous detection power beacons 404 and 405 at respective cycles. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the wireless power transmitter 400 may apply the detection power beacon, and the magnitude of the power value of each of the detection power beacons 404 and 405 may be different. Some or all of the detection power beacons 404 and 405 may have an amount of power and an application time for driving the communication unit of the wireless power receiver 450. For example, the wireless power receiver 450 may drive the communication unit by some or all of the detection power beacons 404 and 405 to communicate with the wireless power transmitter 400. The state may be referred to as a null state.

The wireless power transmitter 400 may detect a load change due to the arrangement of the wireless power receiver 450. The wireless power transmitter 400 may enter a low power mode S409. The low power mode may be a mode in which the wireless power transmitter applies detection power periodically or aperiodically. Meanwhile, the wireless power receiver 450 may drive the communication unit based on the power received from the wireless power transmitter 400 (S409).

The wireless power receiver 450 may transmit a power transmitter unit (PTU) search signal to the wireless power transmitter 400 (S410). The wireless power receiver 450 may transmit a PTU search signal as a BLE-based advertising signal. The wireless power receiver 450 may periodically or aperiodically transmit a PTU search signal and receive a power receiver unit (PRU) response signal from the wireless power transmitter 400, or a predetermined time may arrive. Can be sent until.

When the PTU search signal is received from the wireless power receiver 450, the wireless power transmitter 400 may transmit a PRU response signal (S411). Here, the PRU response signal may establish a connection between the wireless power transmitter 400 and the wireless power receiver 450.

The wireless power receiver 450 may transmit a PRU static signal (S412). Here, the PRU static signal may be a signal indicating the state of the wireless power receiver 450 and may request to join the wireless power network controlled by the wireless power transmitter 400.

The wireless power transmitter 400 may transmit a PTU static signal (S413). The PTU static signal transmitted by the wireless power transmitter 400 may be a signal indicating the capability of the wireless power transmitter 400.

When the wireless power transmitter 400 and the wireless power receiver 450 transmit and receive the PRU static signal and the PTU static signal, the wireless power receiver 450 may periodically transmit the PRU dynamic signal (S414, S415).

The PRU dynamic signal may include at least one parameter information measured at the wireless power receiver 450. For example, the PRU dynamic signal may include voltage information behind the rectifier of the wireless power receiver 450. The state of the wireless power receiver 450 may be referred to as a boot state.

The wireless power transmitter 400 enters a power transmission mode (S416), and the wireless power transmitter 400 may transmit a PRU command signal, which is a command signal for allowing the wireless power receiver 450 to perform charging. (S417). In the power transmission mode, the wireless power transmitter 400 may transmit charging power.

The PRU command signal transmitted by the wireless power transmitter 400 may include information for enabling / disabling the charging of the wireless power receiver 450 and permission information. The PRU command signal may be transmitted when the wireless power transmitter 400 causes the state of the wireless power receiver 450 to be changed, or may be transmitted at a predetermined period (for example, a period of 250 ms). The wireless power receiver 400 may change a setting according to a PRU command signal and transmit a PRU dynamic signal for reporting a state of the wireless power receiver 450 (S418 and S419). The PRU dynamic signal transmitted by the wireless power receiver 450 may include at least one of voltage, current, wireless power receiver state, and temperature information. The state of the wireless power receiver 450 may be referred to as an on state.

The wireless power receiver 450 may perform a charging by receiving a PRU command signal. For example, the wireless power transmitter 400 enables charging when the wireless power transmitter 400 has sufficient power to charge the wireless power receiver 450. PRU command signal may be transmitted. Meanwhile, the PRU command signal may be transmitted whenever the state of charge is changed. The PRU command signal may be transmitted, for example, every 250 ms, or when there is a parameter change. The PRU command signal may be set to be transmitted at a predetermined threshold time (eg, within 1 second) even if the parameter is not changed.

Meanwhile, the wireless power receiver 450 may detect an error occurrence. The wireless power receiver 450 may transmit a warning signal to the wireless power transmitter 400 (S420). The alert signal may be sent as a PRU dynamic signal or as a PRU alert signal. For example, the wireless power receiver 450 may transmit to the wireless power transmitter 400 by reflecting an error situation in the PRU alert information field of Table 4. Alternatively, the wireless power receiver 450 may transmit a single warning signal indicating the error situation to the wireless power transmitter 400. When the wireless power transmitter 400 receives the PRU warning signal, the wireless power transmitter 400 may enter a latch failure mode (S422). The wireless power receiver 450 may enter a null state (S423).

The control method of FIG. 5 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 6. FIG. 6 is a graph of the time axis of the amount of power applied by the wireless power transmitter according to the embodiment of FIG. 5.

Referring to FIG. 5, the wireless power transmitter may start driving (S501). In addition, the wireless power transmitter may reset the initial setting (S503). The wireless power transmitter may enter a power saving mode (S505). Here, the power saving mode may be a section in which the wireless power transmitter applies different kinds of powers having different amounts of power to the power transmitter. For example, the wireless power transmitter may be a section for applying the

second detection power

601, 602 and the

third detection power

611, 612, 613, 614, 615 in FIG. 6 to the power transmitter. Herein, the wireless power transmitter may periodically apply the

second detection powers

601 and 602 at a second cycle, and apply the

second detection power

601 and 602 for a second period.

The wireless power transmitter may periodically apply the

third detection powers

611, 612, 613, 614, and 615 in the third cycle, and when the

third detection power

611, 612, 613, 614, and 615 is applied, May be applied for a third period of time. On the other hand, the respective power values of the

third detection powers

611, 612, 613, 614, 615 are shown as different, while the respective power values of the

third detection powers

611, 612, 613, 614, 615 are different. It may or may be the same.

The wireless power transmitter may output the third detection power 612 having the same amount of power after outputting the third detection power 611. When the wireless power transmitter outputs the third detection power of the same size as described above, the amount of power of the third detection power has the amount of power capable of detecting the smallest wireless power receiver, for example, the category 1 wireless power receiver. Can be.

The wireless power transmitter may output the third detection power 612 having the upper limit amount of power after the third detection power 611 is output. When the wireless power transmitter outputs third detection power of different magnitudes, each of the power amounts of the third detection power may be an amount of power capable of detecting the wireless power receivers of categories 1 to 5. For example, the third detection power 611 may have an amount of power capable of detecting a category 5 wireless power receiver, and the third detection power 612 may determine an amount of power capable of detecting a category 3 wireless power receiver. The third detection power 613 may have an amount of power capable of detecting a category 1 wireless power receiver.

Meanwhile, the

second detection powers

601 and 602 may be power capable of driving the wireless power receiver. In more detail, the

second detection powers

601 and 602 may have an amount of power capable of driving the control unit and the communication unit of the wireless power receiver.

The wireless power transmitter may apply the

second detection power

601, 602 and the

third detection power

611, 612, 613, 614, 615 to the power receiver in a second period and a third period, respectively. When the wireless power receiver is disposed on the wireless power transmitter, the impedance viewed at one point of the wireless power transmitter may be changed. The wireless power transmitter may detect a change in impedance while the

second detection power

601, 602 and the

third detection power

611, 612, 613, 614, 615 are applied. For example, the wireless power transmitter may detect that the impedance is changed while applying the third detection power 615. Accordingly, the wireless power transmitter may detect an object (S507). If no object is detected (S507-N), the wireless power transmitter may maintain a power saving mode in which heterogeneous power is periodically applied (S505).

On the other hand, when the impedance is changed to detect the object (S507-Y), the wireless power transmitter may enter the low power mode. Here, the low power mode is a mode in which the wireless power transmitter applies driving power having an amount of power capable of driving the controller and the communication unit of the wireless power receiver. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the wireless power transmitter may apply driving power 620 to the power transmitter. The wireless power receiver may receive the driving power 620 to drive the control unit and the communication unit. The wireless power receiver may communicate with the wireless power transmitter based on a predetermined scheme based on the driving power 620. For example, the wireless power receiver may transmit and receive data required for authentication, and may join the wireless power network managed by the wireless power transmitter based on this. However, when a foreign material other than the wireless power receiver is disposed, data transmission and reception may not be performed. Accordingly, the wireless power transmitter may determine whether the placed object is a foreign object (S511). For example, if the wireless power transmitter does not receive a response from the object for a preset time, the wireless power transmitter may determine the object as a foreign object.

If it is determined that the foreign matter (S511-Y), the wireless power transmitter may enter the latch failure mode. For example, the wireless power transmitter may periodically apply the first power 631 to 634 in FIG. 6 at a first cycle. The wireless power transmitter may detect a change in impedance while applying the first power. For example, when the foreign matter is recovered, the impedance change may be detected, and the wireless power transmitter may determine that the foreign matter has been recovered. Alternatively, when the foreign matter is not recovered, the wireless power transmitter cannot detect the impedance change, and the wireless power transmitter may determine that the foreign matter is not recovered. If the foreign matter is not recovered, the wireless power transmitter may output at least one of a lamp and a warning sound to notify the user that the current wireless power transmitter is in an error state. Accordingly, the wireless power transmitter may include an output unit for outputting at least one of a lamp and a warning sound.

If it is determined that the foreign matter has not been recovered (S515-N), the wireless power transmitter may maintain the latch failure mode (S513). On the other hand, if it is determined that the foreign matter is recovered (S515-Y), the wireless power transmitter may re-enter the power saving mode (S517). For example, the wireless power transmitter may apply the

second power

651 and 652 and the third power 661 to 665.

Meanwhile, in the case of FIGS. 5 and 6, when the impedance change due to the arrangement of the wireless power receiver is not large, it may be difficult to detect the wireless power receiver.

Referring to FIG. 7, the wireless power transmitter 700 may include a system controller 710 and at least one

power transmitter

720 and 730, and the

power transmitters

720 and 730 may include

power converters

721 and 731. And communication and

control units

723 and 733. In addition, the wireless power receiver 750 may include a power receiver 751 and a load unit 755, and the power receiver 751 may include a power pickup unit 752 and a communication and control unit 753. .

The

power converters

721 and 731 may convert electrical power into wireless power and transmit wireless power to the power pickup 752 included in the receiver 752 of the at least one wireless power receiver 750. The

power converters

721 and 731 may include a primary coil of a magnetic induction method for transmitting wireless power.

The power pickup unit 752 may receive the wireless power from the

power converters

721 and 731, convert the received wireless power into electrical power, and receive the wireless power. (Secondary Coil) may be included. For example, the

power converters

721 and 731 and the power pickup unit 752 may transmit and receive wireless power by maintaining the primary coil and the secondary coil in at least one of a horizontal alignment state and a vertical alignment state. . The primary coil may be a wire-wound type coil, may be a coil array consisting of at least one coil, and may form a coreless resonant transformer portion together with the secondary coil.

Meanwhile, the wireless power transmitter 700 may further include an interface surface (not shown) in the form of a flat surface in order to transmit wireless power. At least one wireless power receiver 750 may be disposed on an upper portion of the interface surface, and a primary coil may be provided on the lower portion of the interface surface. At this time, a vertical spacing is formed small between the primary coil mounted on the lower surface of the interface surface and the secondary coil of the wireless power receiver 750 located on the upper surface of the interface surface. Inductive coupling can be made. Hereinafter, the primary coil will be described in detail.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of configuring two primary coils, and FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of configuring three primary coils.

Referring to FIG. 8, two primary coils may be coils of a winding type, and the coils of the winding type may be composed of a Litz wire composed of 115 strands and a diameter of 0.08 mm. In addition, the two primary coils may be racetrack-like in shape and may consist of a single layer. Also, the parameters of the two primary coils may include d _o and d _h , d _o may be the outer diameter of the primary coil, and d _h may be the distance between the centers of the two primary coils.

Referring to FIG. 9, the three primary coils may be composed of a litz wire consisting of 105 strands and 0.08 mm diameter. In addition, the three primary coils may have a rectangular shape and may be composed of a single layer. Also, the parameters of the three primary coils may include d _oe and d _oo , where d _oe is the distance between the center of the first primary coil and the center of the second primary coil and d _oo is the first primary. It may be the distance between the center of the coil and the center of the third primary coil.

Referring back to FIG. 7, the communication and

control units

723 and 733 may perform communication with at least one power receiver 752. In addition, the communication and

control unit

723, 733 may receive a request message for the wireless power required from the power receiving unit 752, accordingly, the communication and

control unit

723, 733 the wireless power requested to the power receiving unit 752 The power converter 721 may be controlled to be transmitted.

The power pickup unit 752 may receive wireless power from the power converter 721, and the load unit 755 may charge the battery by loading the received wireless power. The communication and controller 753 may perform communication with the

transmitters

720 and 730, and control the wireless power to be received from the

transmitters

720 and 730. Hereinafter, a detailed configuration of the

power transmitters

720 and 730 will be described with reference to FIG. 10.

Referring to FIG. 10, the

power transmitters

720 and 730 may include a communication and control unit 721 and a power converter 723, and the power converter 723 may include an inverter 723a and an impedance matching unit 723b. It may include a sensing unit 723c, a multiplexer 723d, and a primary coil array 723e.

In the power converter 723, the inverter 723a may convert a direct current (DC) input into an alternating current (AC) waveform, and the impedance matching unit 723b may include a resonance circuit and a primary coil array. 723e may be matched so as to be a connection between them. In addition, the sensing unit may detect and monitor current and voltage between the resonant circuit and the primary coil array 723e, and the multiplexer 723d may connect / disconnect an appropriate primary coil according to the position of the power receiver 751. have.

The communication and control unit 721 may receive a request message for wireless power from the power receiver 751 and control the connection to the appropriate primary coil array through the multiplexer 723d. In addition, the communication and control unit 721 executes a power control algorithm and protocol to control the inverter 723a to adjust the amount of wireless power, and to control the primary coil array 723e to transmit wireless power to the power receiver 751. can do. Hereinafter, the primary coil array 723e of the

power transmitters

720 and 730 will be described with reference to FIG. 11.

In FIG. 11, (a) shows an upper monolayer of the primary coil layer, (b) shows an example of one side of the primary coil array, and (c) shows an upper monolayer of the primary coil array. One example.

The primary coil may be composed of a circular shape and a single layer, and the primary coil array may be composed of a plurality of primary coil layers having an area of a hexagonal grid.

Referring to FIG. 11, the primary coil array parameters may include d _o , d _i , d _c , d _a , d _h , t _2, and t ₃ . d _o is the outer diameter of the primary coil layer, d _i is the inner diameter of the primary coil layer, d _c is the thickness of the primary coil layer, d _a is the thickness of the primary coil array, d _h is between adjacent primary coil layers The center distance of, t ₂ can be represented by the offset of the second primary coil layer array and t ₃ can be represented by the offset of the third primary coil layer array.

Referring back to FIG. 7, the system controller 710 may control wireless power transmission with at least one wireless power receiver 750. Accordingly, the wireless power transmitter 700 may transmit wireless power to a plurality of wireless power receivers (not shown). Hereinafter, the system controller 710 performing the control operation of the wireless power transmitter 700 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 12.

Referring to FIG. 12, a control operation of a wireless power transmitter may include selecting, pinging, identifying and configuring, and power transferring. Can be.

The selecting step may monitor the interface surface for positioning and removal of the wireless power receiver. For example, the selecting step may find and monitor at least one wireless power receiver present in the free position, and may identify an entity that is not the wireless power receiver (eg, foreign objects, keys, coins, etc.). .

In addition, when the information about the wireless power receiver is insufficient, the selecting may be performed by repeatedly pinging and identifying and setting. In addition, the selecting may select a primary coil to transmit wireless power to the wireless power receiver. In addition, the selecting may switch to the standby mode when the primary coil is not selected.

The pinging may execute a digital ping and wait to receive a response to the wireless power receiver. Also, the pinging may extend the digital ping if it finds a wireless power receiver and maintain the level of the digital ping. In addition, if the digital ping is not extended, the step of ping may return to the step of selecting again.

The identifying and setting may identify the selected wireless power receiver and obtain wireless power setting information requested by the wireless power receiver. In addition, the identifying and setting steps may be set to terminate the extended digital ping, and may return to selecting again to find another wireless power receiver.

The power transmission may transmit the requested amount of wireless power to the identified wireless power receiver, and adjust the current of the primary coil based on the control data. In addition, when the transmission of the requested amount of wireless power to the identified wireless power receiver is completed, the step of power transmission may stop the wireless power transmission to the identified wireless power receiver.

The power transmitter 1300 illustrated in FIG. 13 includes a power converter 1310 including an inverter, a magnetic induction transmitter 1320 for transmitting power in a magnetic induction method, and a magnetic resonance transmitter for transmitting power in a magnetic resonance method. 1330.

The magnetic induction transmitter 1320 and the magnetic resonance transmitter 1330 may be turned on or off in a time division manner or at the same time. Therefore, the power transmitter 1300 may simultaneously transmit power to the magnetic induction wireless power receiver and the magnetic resonance wireless power receiver.

14 is a diagram illustrating an example of a connection relationship between an output terminal of the inverter included in the power converter 1310, the magnetic induction transmitter 1320, and the magnetic resonance transmitter 1330 of FIG. 13.

Referring to FIGS. 13 and 14, the power transmitter 1300 controls the first switch 1410, the second switch 1420, and the third switch 1430 to perform the magnetic induction transmission mode, the magnetic resonance transmission mode, and the hybrid mode. It can work as In this case, the hybrid mode may be a mode in which power transmission of the magnetic induction method and power transmission of the magnetic resonance method are simultaneously performed or alternately performed according to time division.

In order to determine an operation mode of the power transmitter 1300, the wireless power transmitter may communicate with the wireless power receiver or measure a change in impedance. You can also operate in mode.

For example, the wireless power transmitter may determine whether it is a device that receives type information from a wireless power receiver and receives power in a self-resonant manner or a device that receives power in a magnetic induction manner.

The power supply unit 1311 applies a DC voltage to the switch unit 1315, and the driving unit 1313 controls the switch unit 1315 to output an AC voltage to the output terminal 1401.

In the following description, the inverter includes a drive unit 1313 and a switch unit 1315, and therefore, reference numeral 1401 may be referred to as an "inverter output stage".

The magnetic induction transmitter 1320 of FIG. 13 may include a first capacitor 1321 and a first inductor 1323.

The self-resonant transmitter 1330 of FIG. 13 may include a second capacitor 1331 and a second inductor 1333.

One end of the first switch 1410 may be connected to the inverter output terminal 1401, and the other end thereof may be connected to the first capacitor 1321.

One end of the second switch 1420 may be connected to the inverter output terminal 1401, and the other end thereof may be connected to the second capacitor 1331.

One end of the third switch 1430 may be connected to the second capacitor 1331, and the other end thereof may be connected to the switch unit 1315. Referring to FIG. 14, one end of the third switch 1430 may be connected to the second capacitor 1331, and the other end thereof may be connected to the second inductor.

In the magnetic induction transmission mode, the first switch 1410 may be turned on, and the second switch 1420 and the third switch 1430 may be turned off.

In the first self-resonant transmission mode, the first switch 1410 may be turned off and the second switch 1420 may be turned on.

In the second self-resonant transmission mode, the first switch 1410 may be turned on and the third switch 1430 may be turned on.

In this case, when the third switch 1430 is turned on, the power transmitter 1300 always turns on the first switch and always turns off the second switch 1420.

When the third switch 1430 is turned on in the self-resonant transmission mode, the second capacitor 1331 and the second inductor 1333 form a closed loop. In this case, the closed loop may be referred to as a resonator. In the second self-resonant transmission mode, energy may be induced from the first inductor 1323 to the second inductor 1333 and then transferred to the wireless power receiver through the resonator.

In the second self-resonant transmission mode, the second capacitor 1331 and the second inductor 1333 operate as the resonator and thus do not affect the natural resonance frequency of the entire system. Therefore, energy in the second self-resonant transmission mode may be delivered to the wireless power receiver with higher efficiency than the first self-resonant transmission mode. Therefore, the second switch 1320 illustrated in FIG. 14 may be removed.

The power transmitter 1300 may operate in a hybrid mode by turning on / off the first switch 1410 and the second switch 1320 in time division. In addition, the power transmitter 1300 may operate in a hybrid mode by turning on / off the third switch 1430 by time division while the first switch 1410 is always on.

Meanwhile, in FIG. 14, the first capacitor 1321 and the first inductor 1323 may be equivalent circuits of the induction coil, and may be referred to as first capacitance and second inductance, respectively. Similarly, the second capacitor 1331 and the second inductor 1333 may be equivalent circuits of the resonant coil, and may also be referred to as a second capacitance and a second inductance, respectively.

Although not clearly illustrated in FIGS. 13 and 14, the power transmitter 1300 may further include a switching controller (not shown) that controls on / off of the

switches

1410, 1420, and 1430. Of course, the on / off control of the

switches

1410, 1420, 1430 may be performed by a component that controls the entire system, such as the controller 212 of FIG. 2.

Therefore, the switching controller turns on the first switch provided in the magnetic induction transmitter in the magnetic induction transmission mode, and turns on any one of the second switch and the third switch included in the magnetic resonance transmitter in the magnetic resonance transmission mode. One off.

In this case, the self-resonant transmission mode may include a first self-resonant transmission mode for transmitting power after the second switch is turned on in the state where the first switch is turned off and the third in the state where the first switch is turned on. And a second magnetic resonance transmission mode for transmitting power through the closed loop resonator formed by the on of the third switch after the switch is turned on.

In one embodiment, the magnetic induction transmitter may include a plurality of coil cells, and the switch controller may turn on some or all of the plurality of coil cells in accordance with a required power amount of the wireless power receiver in the magnetic induction transmission mode.

In this case, the magnetic resonance transmitting unit may include a coil having a shape surrounding the plurality of coil cells.

In one embodiment, the second switch 1420 may be omitted, and thus may be open between the inverter output stage 1410 and the second capacitor 1331.

In this case, the switch controller may turn on the switch connected to the magnetic induction transmission mode in the magnetic induction transmission mode, and control the magnetic resonance transmission unit to be a closed loop in the magnetic resonance transmission mode.

At this time, in the magnetic resonance transmission mode, the switch connected to the magnetic induction transmitter is kept on. Energy may be induced from the magnetic induction transmitter to the closed loop and then transferred to the resonator of the wireless power receiver through the closed loop.

FIG. 15 shows an example of the configuration of the magnetic induction transmitter 1320 and the magnetic resonance transmitter 1330 of FIG. 13.

Referring to FIG. 15, the magnetic induction transmitter 1320 is configured as a single coil or coil array 1520, and the magnetic resonance transmitter 1330 is configured as a resonant coil 1530 that surrounds the outer periphery of the coil array 1520. Can be.

The coil array 1520 may include a plurality of

coil cells

1521, 1523, 1525, and 1527. Of course, the coil array 1520 may include a plurality of primary coils configured as shown in FIG. 9 or 11.

In the magnetic induction transmission mode, some or all of the plurality of coil cells may be turned on depending on the required power amount of the wireless power receiver.

In addition, when the coil array 1520 is configured of a plurality of coil cells, only some or all of the plurality of coil cells may be turned on depending on the required power amount of the wireless power receiver in the second self-resonant transmission mode.

As described with reference to FIG. 12, the wireless power transmission apparatus may operate as a step of power transfer after the identification and configuration.

In this case, when a new wireless power receiver appears or a foreign object exists in the step of power transfer, a method of controlling the operation of the primary coil array is required.

Referring to FIG. 16, the primary coil array 1600 may be composed of a plurality of primary coils and a plurality of sensors 1640.

In this case, the sensor 1640 may be a pressure sensor or a temperature sensor. In other words, the primary coil array 1600 may include a plurality of pressure sensors and a plurality of temperature sensors.

The sensor 1640 may be provided at a plurality of positions of the primary coil array 1600. Therefore, the wireless power transmitter may detect a new object at a specific position and a temperature change at a specific position due to a pressure change through the sensor 1640.

For example, when the new wireless power receiver 1620 is located at a specific position of the primary coil array 1600 in the “Power Transfer” step of transmitting power to the first wireless power receiver 1610 in the first time interval. The sensing value of the pressure sensor at the corresponding position may change.

In this case, the wireless power transmitter stops the "Power Transfer" step, and may operate as a step of identifying and configuring again.

In the "Power Transfer" step, the foreign material 1630 may be positioned on the primary coils that are being driven or on the primary coils that are not being driven.

In this case, the wireless power transmitter may detect that a temperature of a specific location is increased through the temperature sensor. If the temperature rises above the predetermined threshold, driving may be stopped by turning off primary coils (eg, four coils around the temperature sensor) driven around the temperature sensor.

In addition, even when the primary coils around the temperature sensor that sense the temperature rise are turned off, if the temperature does not fall or rise below the threshold, the operation of the entire primary coil array may be suspended. In addition, in order to detect foreign matters, it may stop the "Power Transfer" step and operate again as a step of identifying and configuring.

In one embodiment, the temperature sensor may be provided only in three or four locations of the entire primary coil array 1600. When three temperature sensors are provided, the temperature difference value measured by the three sensors may be used to determine in which cell the temperature rises above the threshold.

For example, when the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the third temperature sensor are arranged in a triangular form and each sensing value is A, B, or C, the values of AB, BC, CA, or their absolute values As a result, the measured values are stored in a table. If AB is the largest value and A is larger than B and larger than a predetermined value, the primary coils around A may be turned off. Alternatively, when A is 25, B is 24.5, and C is 24.6, it may be set to turn off cells that are above a certain distance from B among the cells between A and C.

Meanwhile, power that can be transmitted for each primary coil included in the primary coil array 1600 may be limited due to temperature rise, electromagnetic wave problems, and the like. Therefore, the wireless power transmitter determines at least one primary coil to be driven to deliver power to the wireless power receiver, and when the maximum transmit power of the primary coil to be driven is greater than the required power of the wireless power receiver. Only power transmission can be initiated.

For example, the wireless power transmitter may determine the position and the required power amount P _request of the wireless power receiver through communication, and calculate the transmittable power amount P _sum of the entire primary coils to be driven at the corresponding position. In this case, the number of primary coils to be driven may be limited to a predetermined number per one wireless power receiver. The wireless power transmitter may turn on the corresponding primary coils only when P _sum is larger than P _request .

Power transmission control of the wireless power transmission apparatus may be performed using a proportional integral differential (PID) algorithm. The example shown in FIG. 17 shows an example of a PID algorithm.

In the wireless power transmission system of the magnetic induction method, examples of PID parameters for operating frequency control are shown in [Table 1], and examples of PID parameters for duty cycle control are shown in [Table 2].

TABLE 1

TABLE 2

In the power transfer step, the wireless power transfer device may adjust the current of the primary coil based on the control data. At this time, the current adjustment of the primary coil may be performed based on the PID algorithm.

In FIG. 17, indexes j = 1, 2, 3,... Denotes a sequence of "Control Error Packets", and "Control Error Packet" denotes a message that the wireless power transmitter receives from the wireless power receiver in the power transfer step.

When the wireless power transmitter receives the j th (j ^th ) Control Error Packet, the new primary cell current

May be calculated as in Equation 1.

[Equation 1]

here,

Represents the Control Error Value contained in the j th Control Error Packet,

Denotes the current supplied to the primary coil first in the power transfer step.

The wireless power transmitter can calculate the difference between the new primary cell current and the actual primary cell current as shown in Equation 2.

[Equation 2]

here,

Represents the primary cell current determined at the i-1 th iteration of the loop,

Denotes the actual primary cell current at the beginning of the loop. Index i = 1, 2, 3,... i _max represents the number of iterations of the PID algorithm loop.

The wireless power transmitter can calculate the proportional term, the integral term, and the derivative term as shown in Equation 3 below.

[Equation 3]

Here, Kp is proportional gain, Ki is integral gain, Kd is derivative gain, and t _inner represents the time required for the execution of the PID algorithm loop.

The wireless power transmitter calculates the sum of the proportional term, the integral term, and the derivative term as shown in Equation 4.

[Equation 4]

In the calculation of Equation 4, the wireless power transmission apparatus is a sum

Must be limited.

The wireless power transmitter should calculate the new value of the controlled variable as shown in Equation 5.

[Equation 5]

here,

Is a scaling factor that depends on the controlled variable.

The new value of the controlled variable is passed to the power conversion unit. The new value of the controlled variable can be used as the current regulation limit of the primary coil.

According to an embodiment, the wireless power transmitter may change the value of the “PID output limit” according to the number of coils driven among the coils included in the primary coil array.

For example, the wireless power transmitter may increase the value of "PID output limit" as the number of cells driven increases, and the device may decrease the value of "PID output limit" as the number of cells driven decreases.

Thus, by adjusting the maximum output power of each of the single coils in the cell, it is possible to protect the wireless power transmission device and to transmit stable power.

In addition, according to an embodiment, the wireless power transmitter may limit the voltage and duty used for power control according to the number of cells driven.

The wireless power transmitter may limit the power input to the primary coil array according to the number of coils driven among the coils included in the primary coil array.

In addition, the wireless power transmitter may limit the output power of the inverter according to the number of coils driven among the coils included in the primary coil array.

The apparatus described above may be implemented as a hardware component, a software component, and / or a combination of hardware components and software components. For example, the devices and components described in the embodiments may be, for example, processors, controllers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs), digital signal processors, microcomputers, field programmable arrays (FPAs), It may be implemented using one or more general purpose or special purpose computers, such as a programmable logic unit (PLU), microprocessor, or any other device capable of executing and responding to instructions. The processing device may execute an operating system (OS) and one or more software applications running on the operating system. The processing device may also access, store, manipulate, process, and generate data in response to the execution of the software. For convenience of explanation, one processing device may be described as being used, but one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the processing device includes a plurality of processing elements and / or a plurality of types of processing elements. It can be seen that it may include. For example, the processing device may include a plurality of processors or one processor and one controller. In addition, other processing configurations are possible, such as parallel processors.

The software may include a computer program, code, instructions, or a combination of one or more of the above, and configure the processing device to operate as desired, or process it independently or collectively. You can command the device. Software and / or data may be any type of machine, component, physical device, virtual equipment, computer storage medium or device in order to be interpreted by or to provide instructions or data to the processing device. Or may be permanently or temporarily embodied in a signal wave to be transmitted. The software may be distributed over networked computer systems so that they may be stored or executed in a distributed manner. Software and data may be stored on one or more computer readable recording media.

The method according to the embodiment may be embodied in the form of program instructions that can be executed by various computer means and recorded in a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, etc. alone or in combination. The program instructions recorded on the media may be those specially designed and constructed for the purposes of the embodiments, or they may be of the kind well-known and available to those having skill in the computer software arts. Examples of computer-readable recording media include magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks, and magnetic tape, optical media such as CD-ROMs, DVDs, and magnetic disks, such as floppy disks. Magneto-optical media, and hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute program instructions, such as ROM, RAM, flash memory, and the like. Examples of program instructions include not only machine code generated by a compiler, but also high-level language code that can be executed by a computer using an interpreter or the like. The hardware device described above may be configured to operate as one or more software modules to perform the operations of the embodiments, and vice versa.

Although the embodiments have been described by the limited embodiments and the drawings as described above, various modifications and variations are possible to those skilled in the art from the above description. For example, the described techniques may be performed in a different order than the described method, and / or components of the described systems, structures, devices, circuits, etc. may be combined or combined in a different form than the described method, or other components. Or even if replaced or substituted by equivalents, an appropriate result can be achieved.

Therefore, other implementations, other embodiments, and equivalents to the claims are within the scope of the claims that follow.

Claims

A magnetic induction transmitter for transmitting power in a magnetic induction method;

A magnetic resonance transmitter for transmitting power in a magnetic resonance method; And

A switch for turning on a first switch provided in the magnetic induction transmitter in the magnetic induction transmission mode, and turning on one of the second switch and the third switch in the magnetic resonance transmitter in the magnetic resonance transmission mode and turning off the other switch. Control

Containing

Wireless power transmission device comprising a.
The method of claim 1,

The magnetic induction transmitter includes a first capacitor and a first inductor,

One end of the first switch is connected to the inverter output terminal and the other end is connected to the first capacitor

Wireless power transmission device.
The method of claim 2,

The magnetic resonance transmitting unit includes a second capacitor and a second inductor,

One end of the second switch is connected to the inverter output terminal and the other end is connected to the second capacitor

Wireless power transmission device.
The method of claim 3,

One end of the third switch is connected to the second capacitor and the other end is connected to the second inductor

Wireless power transmission device.
The method of claim 1,

The magnetic resonance transmission mode,

A first self-resonant transmission mode for transmitting power after the second switch is turned on while the first switch is turned off;

And a second magnetic resonance transmission mode for transmitting power through a closed loop resonator formed by turning on the third switch after the third switch is turned on while the first switch is turned on.

Wireless power transmission device.
The method of claim 1,

The switch control unit,

Turning on / off the third switch in time division while the first switch is turned on

Wireless power transmission device.
The method of claim 1,

The magnetic induction transmitter includes a plurality of coil cells, and the switch controller turns on some or all of the plurality of coil cells in accordance with a required power amount of the wireless power receiver in the magnetic induction transmission mode.

Wireless power transmission device.
The method of claim 7, wherein

The magnetic resonance transmitting unit includes a coil having a shape surrounding the plurality of coil cells.

Wireless power transmission device.
A magnetic induction transmitter for transmitting power in a magnetic induction method;

A magnetic resonance transmitter for transmitting power in a magnetic resonance method; And

And a switch controller for turning on a switch connected to the magnetic induction transmitter in a magnetic induction transmission mode and controlling the magnetic resonance transmitter to be a closed loop in a magnetic resonance transmission mode.

In the magnetic resonance transmission mode, the switch connected to the magnetic induction transmitter is kept in an on state.

Wireless power transmission device.
The method of claim 9,

Energy is guided from the magnetic induction transmitter to the closed loop, and then transmitted to the resonator of the wireless power receiver through the closed loop.

Wireless power transmission device.