WO2016067180A1 - A method for manufacturing microfibrillated polysaccharide - Google Patents

A method for manufacturing microfibrillated polysaccharide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016067180A1
WO2016067180A1 PCT/IB2015/058238 IB2015058238W WO2016067180A1 WO 2016067180 A1 WO2016067180 A1 WO 2016067180A1 IB 2015058238 W IB2015058238 W IB 2015058238W WO 2016067180 A1 WO2016067180 A1 WO 2016067180A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
microfibrillated
mixture
pulp
cellulose
preferred
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2015/058238
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Lars Axrup
Henri KASTINEN
Original Assignee
Stora Enso Oyj
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stora Enso Oyj filed Critical Stora Enso Oyj
Priority to JP2017522835A priority Critical patent/JP2017535683A/en
Priority to AU2015338731A priority patent/AU2015338731A1/en
Priority to US15/523,177 priority patent/US10364297B2/en
Priority to EP15855915.3A priority patent/EP3212841A4/en
Priority to CA2965757A priority patent/CA2965757A1/en
Priority to BR112017008786A priority patent/BR112017008786A2/en
Priority to CN201580058868.XA priority patent/CN107208373B/en
Publication of WO2016067180A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016067180A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B1/00—Preparatory treatment of cellulose for making derivatives thereof, e.g. pre-treatment, pre-soaking, activation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B15/00—Preparation of other cellulose derivatives or modified cellulose, e.g. complexes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B15/00—Preparation of other cellulose derivatives or modified cellulose, e.g. complexes
    • C08B15/02—Oxycellulose; Hydrocellulose; Cellulosehydrate, e.g. microcrystalline cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • C08L1/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C5/00—Other processes for obtaining cellulose, e.g. cooking cotton linters ; Processes characterised by the choice of cellulose-containing starting materials
    • D21C5/005—Treatment of cellulose-containing material with microorganisms or enzymes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
    • D21C9/001—Modification of pulp properties
    • D21C9/007—Modification of pulp properties by mechanical or physical means
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
    • D21H11/16—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only modified by a particular after-treatment
    • D21H11/18—Highly hydrated, swollen or fibrillatable fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H11/00—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only
    • D21H11/16—Pulp or paper, comprising cellulose or lignocellulose fibres of natural origin only modified by a particular after-treatment
    • D21H11/20—Chemically or biochemically modified fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H15/00—Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution
    • D21H15/02—Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution characterised by configuration

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing microfibrillated polysaccharide, preferably a microfibrillated cellulose, wherein said method is refinerless.
  • the invention also relates to a polysaccharide such as microfibrillated cellulose obtainable from said process and also uses of said
  • Microfibrillated cellulose which also is known as nanocellulose, is a material typically made from wood cellulose fibers. It can also be made from microbial sources, agricultural fibers, dissolved cellulose or CMC etc. In microfibrillated cellulose the individual microfibrils have been partly or totally detached from each other.
  • WO2013121108 there is disclosed a method for manufacturing an MFC using several passages through a homogenizer and performing this at a pressure of between 200 - 1000 bars.
  • microfibrillated polysaccharide preferably a microfibrillated cellulose
  • microfibrillated polysaccharide microfibrillated polysaccharide
  • the present invention also provides according to a second aspect, a microfibrillated polysaccharide, preferably a
  • microfibrillated cellulose obtainable by the process according to the first aspect.
  • the present invention also provides according to a third aspect use of the microfibrillated polysaccharide, preferably a microfibrillated cellulose, according to the second aspect in a strength additive, a thickener, a viscosity modifier, a rheology modifier, a cleaning powder, a washing powder, a detergent, a foam composition, a barrier, a film, a food product, a
  • composition a cosmetic product, a paper or board product, a coating, a hygiene/absorbent product, an
  • emulsion/dispersing agent a drilling mud, a composite material , in water purification, in a filter, in a solar cell, in a battery, in an electronic circuit, or to enhance the reactivity of cellulose in the manufacture of regenerated cellulose or cellulose derivatives.
  • microfibrillated polysaccharide embraces any type of microfibrillated cellulose, such as microfibrillated cellulose fibres (cellulose material) .
  • the cellulose may also be a
  • MFC microfibrillated cellulose
  • nanocellulose nanocellulose
  • the cellulose may be bleached or unbleached.
  • the cellulose may also be crystalline cellulose, MCC (microcrystallinic cellulose; has high purity need due to its potential use in pharmaceutical compositions or other medical uses), BNC, NCC (nanocrystallinic cellulose; may be used in electrical applications and has magnetical properties), CNC, CMC ( carboxymethylated cellulose) or synthetic polymer fibers and fibers made from dissolving pulp.
  • the cellulose may be present in the form of a pulp, which may be chemical pulp, mechanical pulp, thermomechanical pulp or chemi (thermo) mechanical pulp (CMP or CTMP) .
  • Said chemical pulp is preferably a sulphite pulp or a kraft pulp.
  • MFC can be made with different means such as mechanically or chemically or enzymatically, or by using bacteria, or by combining e.g. chemical and mechanical treatment steps.
  • the pulp initially used in the method according to the first aspect may consist of pulp from hardwood, softwood or both types.
  • the pulp may e.g. contain a mixture of pine and spruce or a mixture of birch and spruce.
  • the chemical pulps that may be used in the present invention include all types of chemical wood- based pulps, such as bleached, half-bleached and unbleached sulphite, kraft and soda pulps, and mixtures of these.
  • the pulp may be of dissolved type.
  • the pulp may also comprise textile fibers.
  • the pulp may also come from agriculture (e.g. potato, bamboo or carrot) .
  • the present invention also relates to a microfibrillated polysaccharide, such as microfibrillated cellulose, obtainable by the process of the first aspect above. It has been shown that by using the method according to the first aspect of the invention it is possible to obtain size distribution which is narrow and predictable and at the same time abolishing the use of a refiner.
  • said microfibrillated polysaccharide may be
  • microfibrillated polysaccharide manufactured at a relatively low pressure.
  • the size distribution of said microfibrillated polysaccharide will also resemble the distribution of a microfibrillated polysaccharide made through using a process involving a refiner.
  • a microfibrillated cellulose fibril is further normally very thin ( ⁇ 20 nm) and the length is often between 100 nm to 10 ⁇ . However, the microfibrils may also be longer, for example between 10-200 ⁇ , but lengths even 2000 ⁇ can be found due to wide length distribution. Fibers that have been fibrillated and which have microfibrils on the surface and microfibrils that are separated and located in a water phase of a slurry are also included in the definition MFC. Furthermore, whiskers are also included in the definition MFC.
  • the microfibrillated cellulose is typically made from wood cellulose fibers, it is as said possible to use both hardwood and softwood fibers. It can also be made from microbial sources, agricultural fibers, such as wheat straw pulp, bamboo or other non-wood fiber sources. It can also be produced by bacteria or made from CMC.
  • the microfibrillated polysaccharide obtained in step f) has a relatively narrow size distribution, preferably wherein the distribution resembles a Gaussian curve, most preferred said curve has its endpoints of the size classes at about from 1 to 5, to about from 100 to 300 ⁇ , respectively, especially preferred whereas at the same time the volume density is from about 9.0 to about 10 % at the top of said curve, particularly preferred the Gaussian curve has its endpoints of the size classes at about from 3 to 5 to about from 200 to 300 ⁇ .
  • the Gaussian curve has its endpoints of the size classes at about 8 to about 100 - 200 ⁇ at a volume density of about 0.5 %, or has its endpoints of the size classes at about from 9 to about from 150 - 175 ⁇ at a volume density of about 1.0 %, or has its endpoints of the size classes at about from 15 - 20, to 100 ⁇ at a volume density of about 4.0 %, or a
  • the homogeni zation pressure is about 500 bars or higher, preferably about 700 to about 1000 bars.
  • the pressure in one or more of steps d) , e) or f) is kept from about 2 to about 6 bars, preferably about 3 to about 5 bars, most preferred said ranges are applied during step d) .
  • the continuous, flowing system of cylindrical geometry is a plug flow reactor.
  • the continuous, flowing system of essentially cylindrical geometry may further be in a
  • the recirculation of the mixture in step e) is performed at least 5 times before harvesting the microfibrillated polysaccharide .
  • the re-circulation of the mixture in step e) is performed using at least two conveying means, such as pipes, preferably connected to said system and connected sequentially, most preferred interconnected through a pump and optionally additionally one mixing tank.
  • the mixture in the plug flow reactor is kept during from 1 to 5 hours, preferably from 2 to 4 hours, at a temperature from about 50°C to about 70°C, preferably at about 60°C, and at a pressure from 2 to 6 bars, preferably 3 to 5 bars.
  • said pulp is a sulphite pulp, preferably pulp from softwood.
  • said enzyme is used at a concentration of from 0.1 to 500 ECU/g fibres, preferably from 0.5 to 250 ECU/g fibres, most preferred 5 to 150 ECU/g fibres, especially preferred from 50 to 150 ECU/g fibres.
  • said enzyme is a hemicellulase or a cellulase or a mixture thereof.
  • said enzyme is a cellulase, preferably a cellulase of endoglucanase type, most preferred a mono- component endoglucanase.
  • Preferred features of each aspect of the invention are as for each of the other aspects mutatis mutandis.
  • the prior art documents mentioned herein are incorporated to the fullest extent permitted by law.
  • the invention is further described in the following examples, together with the appended figures, the only purpose of which is to illustrate the invention and are in no way intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.
  • Figure 1 discloses a set-up for using the method according to the first aspect whereby a plug flow reactor has been
  • Fig 1. gives an overview of the process setup according to the first aspect.
  • Figure 2 discloses a further setup for the method according to the first aspect.
  • Fig 2. shows a further preferred embodiment of the general process schematic of the refinerless MFC process setup according to the first aspect.
  • Figure 3 discloses MFC made using the method according to the first aspect.
  • Figure 4 discloses the size distribution of MFC made using the method according to the first aspect.
  • the black curve shows the size distribution by laser diffraction of the MFC produced with the refinerless process according to the first aspect of the present invention whereas the grey curve (green curve) shows MFC produced at a plant batch as comparison.
  • the method according to the first aspect had only two steps; pulp at 5% or higher solids is mixed with enzyme (ECOPULP® 892- 4816, AB Enzymes - previously known as ECOPULPO-R) diluted in water so the final solids of pulp is 4%. Both the pulp and the enzyme solution were kept at 60°C before mixing. This temperature was then kept for 3 hours without further mixing. The pre-treated material was then homogenized at 700 bars in recirculation mode which increases the temperature to 90°C thus killing the enzyme and potential microbes. If the temperature reached over 90°C the material was cooled to avoid boiling. The recirculation vessel would be pressurized and the temperature further increased so steam can be flashed off for energy recovery.
  • enzyme ECOPULP® 892- 4816, AB Enzymes - previously known as ECOPULPO-R
  • Viscous MFC (see figure 3), was produced which indicates a high aspect ratio material and the particle size analysis by laser diffractometry indicated a particle size distribution comparable with refiner based pre-treatment process, see fig 4.
  • the simplified process solution thus the process according to the first aspect of the present invention, is easier to clean and to start up and it is also easier to maintain sterilization temperatures in the homogenization stage.
  • homogenizer only two vessels one for the enzyme treatment and one for feeding, recirculation and mixing.
  • the refining section is completely omitted.
  • Enzyme is denatured (inactivated) by the temperature increase to 90°C during the homogenization step. High or low pH is also possible to use.
  • the process equipment is easy to clean and the temperature increase ensures microbial purity of the product.
  • Scalability is judged to be improved compared with the current process solution due the simplification and so is the ability to keep the process at high hygienic standard.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing microfibrillated polysaccharide, preferably microfibrillated cellulose. The invention also relates to microfibrillated cellulose obtainable by the method and use of the microfibrillated cellulose. The method of manufacturing microfibrillated cellulose comprises the following steps: a) Providing a hemicellulose containing pulp, b) Providing wood degrading enzymes c) Mixing pulp and enzymes d) Keeping the mixture in a continuous, flowing system of essentially cylindrical geometry (for example in a plug-flow reactor), e) Conveying the mixture to one or more mixing zones for recirculating and homogenizing the mixture, and f) Harvesting microfibrillated cellulose with a relatively narrow size distribution during the recirculation.

Description

A method for manu acturing microfibrillated polysaccharide
Field of invention The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing microfibrillated polysaccharide, preferably a microfibrillated cellulose, wherein said method is refinerless. The invention also relates to a polysaccharide such as microfibrillated cellulose obtainable from said process and also uses of said
polysaccharide.
Background
Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) , which also is known as nanocellulose, is a material typically made from wood cellulose fibers. It can also be made from microbial sources, agricultural fibers, dissolved cellulose or CMC etc. In microfibrillated cellulose the individual microfibrils have been partly or totally detached from each other.
Through WO2013121108 there is disclosed a method for manufacturing an MFC using several passages through a homogenizer and performing this at a pressure of between 200 - 1000 bars.
Further there is disclosed in WO2007091942 a method for making MFC using a refiner.
There is thus a need for an improved process for providing a microfibrillated polysaccharide with a more homogenous size distribution which in turn may be predicted whereas at the same time the use of a refiner can be abolished and the process may be run at a relatively low pressure.
Summary of Invention The present invention solves one or more of the above problems, by providing according to a first aspect a method for manufacturing microfibrillated polysaccharide, preferably a microfibrillated cellulose, comprising the following steps:
a) providing a hemicellulose containing pulp, preferably a chemical pulp,
b) providing one or more wood degrading enzymes,
c) mixing said pulp with one or more wood degrading enzymes, d) keeping said mixture in a continuous, flowing system of an essentially cylindrical geometry,
e) conveying said mixture to one or more mixing zones for
recirculating and homogenizing said mixture, and
f) harvesting during the recirculation of said step e)
microfibrillated polysaccharide.
The present invention also provides according to a second aspect, a microfibrillated polysaccharide, preferably a
microfibrillated cellulose, obtainable by the process according to the first aspect.
The present invention also provides according to a third aspect use of the microfibrillated polysaccharide, preferably a microfibrillated cellulose, according to the second aspect in a strength additive, a thickener, a viscosity modifier, a rheology modifier, a cleaning powder, a washing powder, a detergent, a foam composition, a barrier, a film, a food product, a
pharmaceutical composition, a cosmetic product, a paper or board product, a coating, a hygiene/absorbent product, an
emulsion/dispersing agent, a drilling mud, a composite material , in water purification, in a filter, in a solar cell, in a battery, in an electronic circuit, or to enhance the reactivity of cellulose in the manufacture of regenerated cellulose or cellulose derivatives. Detailed description of the invention
It is intended throughout the present description that the expression "microfibrillated polysaccharide" embraces any type of microfibrillated cellulose, such as microfibrillated cellulose fibres (cellulose material) . The cellulose may also be a
microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) or nanocellulose ,
nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) or cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) . The cellulose may be bleached or unbleached. The cellulose may also be crystalline cellulose, MCC (microcrystallinic cellulose; has high purity need due to its potential use in pharmaceutical compositions or other medical uses), BNC, NCC (nanocrystallinic cellulose; may be used in electrical applications and has magnetical properties), CNC, CMC ( carboxymethylated cellulose) or synthetic polymer fibers and fibers made from dissolving pulp. The cellulose may be present in the form of a pulp, which may be chemical pulp, mechanical pulp, thermomechanical pulp or chemi (thermo) mechanical pulp (CMP or CTMP) . Said chemical pulp is preferably a sulphite pulp or a kraft pulp. In microfibrillated cellulose the individual microfibrils have partly or fully detached from each other. MFC can be made with different means such as mechanically or chemically or enzymatically, or by using bacteria, or by combining e.g. chemical and mechanical treatment steps.
The pulp initially used in the method according to the first aspect, may consist of pulp from hardwood, softwood or both types. The pulp may e.g. contain a mixture of pine and spruce or a mixture of birch and spruce. The chemical pulps that may be used in the present invention include all types of chemical wood- based pulps, such as bleached, half-bleached and unbleached sulphite, kraft and soda pulps, and mixtures of these. The pulp may be of dissolved type. The pulp may also comprise textile fibers. The pulp may also come from agriculture (e.g. potato, bamboo or carrot) .
The present invention also relates to a microfibrillated polysaccharide, such as microfibrillated cellulose, obtainable by the process of the first aspect above. It has been shown that by using the method according to the first aspect of the invention it is possible to obtain size distribution which is narrow and predictable and at the same time abolishing the use of a refiner. In addition said microfibrillated polysaccharide may be
manufactured at a relatively low pressure. The size distribution of said microfibrillated polysaccharide will also resemble the distribution of a microfibrillated polysaccharide made through using a process involving a refiner.
A microfibrillated cellulose fibril is further normally very thin (~20 nm) and the length is often between 100 nm to 10 μπι. However, the microfibrils may also be longer, for example between 10-200 μπι, but lengths even 2000 μπι can be found due to wide length distribution. Fibers that have been fibrillated and which have microfibrils on the surface and microfibrils that are separated and located in a water phase of a slurry are also included in the definition MFC. Furthermore, whiskers are also included in the definition MFC.
The microfibrillated cellulose is typically made from wood cellulose fibers, it is as said possible to use both hardwood and softwood fibers. It can also be made from microbial sources, agricultural fibers, such as wheat straw pulp, bamboo or other non-wood fiber sources. It can also be produced by bacteria or made from CMC.
According to a preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the microfibrillated polysaccharide obtained in step f) has a relatively narrow size distribution, preferably wherein the distribution resembles a Gaussian curve, most preferred said curve has its endpoints of the size classes at about from 1 to 5, to about from 100 to 300 μπι, respectively, especially preferred whereas at the same time the volume density is from about 9.0 to about 10 % at the top of said curve, particularly preferred the Gaussian curve has its endpoints of the size classes at about from 3 to 5 to about from 200 to 300 μπι.
According to a preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention the Gaussian curve has its endpoints of the size classes at about 8 to about 100 - 200 μπι at a volume density of about 0.5 %, or has its endpoints of the size classes at about from 9 to about from 150 - 175 μπι at a volume density of about 1.0 %, or has its endpoints of the size classes at about from 15 - 20, to 100 μπι at a volume density of about 4.0 %, or a
combination of two of said features or all three, wherein preferably size classes at about 30 - 40 μπι provides a peak for the volume density.
According to preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention the homogeni zation pressure is about 500 bars or higher, preferably about 700 to about 1000 bars.
According to preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention the pressure in one or more of steps d) , e) or f) is kept from about 2 to about 6 bars, preferably about 3 to about 5 bars, most preferred said ranges are applied during step d) .
According to preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention the continuous, flowing system of cylindrical geometry is a plug flow reactor. The continuous, flowing system of essentially cylindrical geometry may further be in a
multigonal shape (thus having multigonal geometry), such as an octagonal shape. According to preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention the recirculation of the mixture in step e) is performed at least 5 times before harvesting the microfibrillated polysaccharide .
According to preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention the re-circulation of the mixture in step e) is performed using at least two conveying means, such as pipes, preferably connected to said system and connected sequentially, most preferred interconnected through a pump and optionally additionally one mixing tank.
According to preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention the mixture in the plug flow reactor is kept during from 1 to 5 hours, preferably from 2 to 4 hours, at a temperature from about 50°C to about 70°C, preferably at about 60°C, and at a pressure from 2 to 6 bars, preferably 3 to 5 bars.
According to preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention said pulp is a sulphite pulp, preferably pulp from softwood.
According to preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, said enzyme is used at a concentration of from 0.1 to 500 ECU/g fibres, preferably from 0.5 to 250 ECU/g fibres, most preferred 5 to 150 ECU/g fibres, especially preferred from 50 to 150 ECU/g fibres.
According to preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention wherein said enzyme is a hemicellulase or a cellulase or a mixture thereof.
According to preferred embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention wherein said enzyme is a cellulase, preferably a cellulase of endoglucanase type, most preferred a mono- component endoglucanase. Preferred features of each aspect of the invention are as for each of the other aspects mutatis mutandis. The prior art documents mentioned herein are incorporated to the fullest extent permitted by law. The invention is further described in the following examples, together with the appended figures, the only purpose of which is to illustrate the invention and are in no way intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.
Figures
Figure 1 discloses a set-up for using the method according to the first aspect whereby a plug flow reactor has been
introduced combining the separate batch wise enzyme treatment with the recirculation vessel into a continuous process. Fig 1. gives an overview of the process setup according to the first aspect. By introduction of a plug flow reactor the separate vessel for batch wise enzyme treatment can be omitted and the enzyme treatment can be run in a continuous mode (e-treated = enzyme treated) .
Figure 2 discloses a further setup for the method according to the first aspect. Fig 2. shows a further preferred embodiment of the general process schematic of the refinerless MFC process setup according to the first aspect.
Figure 3 discloses MFC made using the method according to the first aspect.
Figure 4 discloses the size distribution of MFC made using the method according to the first aspect. The black curve (red curve) shows the size distribution by laser diffraction of the MFC produced with the refinerless process according to the first aspect of the present invention whereas the grey curve (green curve) shows MFC produced at a plant batch as comparison. Example
The method according to the first aspect had only two steps; pulp at 5% or higher solids is mixed with enzyme (ECOPULP® 892- 4816, AB Enzymes - previously known as ECOPULPO-R) diluted in water so the final solids of pulp is 4%. Both the pulp and the enzyme solution were kept at 60°C before mixing. This temperature was then kept for 3 hours without further mixing. The pre-treated material was then homogenized at 700 bars in recirculation mode which increases the temperature to 90°C thus killing the enzyme and potential microbes. If the temperature reached over 90°C the material was cooled to avoid boiling. The recirculation vessel would be pressurized and the temperature further increased so steam can be flashed off for energy recovery.
Viscous MFC, (see figure 3), was produced which indicates a high aspect ratio material and the particle size analysis by laser diffractometry indicated a particle size distribution comparable with refiner based pre-treatment process, see fig 4. The simplified process solution, thus the process according to the first aspect of the present invention, is easier to clean and to start up and it is also easier to maintain sterilization temperatures in the homogenization stage.
Compared to refiner based pre-treatment the time for evaluation of MFC starting materials and enzymes is greatly reduced. This is also due to the reduced recirculation volume in this design that reduces the start-up sequence time essentially.
To summarize a simplified process for the manufacture of MFC was developed and implemented in large lab scale as well as in industrial scale. The simplified solution has beside the
homogenizer only two vessels one for the enzyme treatment and one for feeding, recirculation and mixing. The refining section is completely omitted. Enzyme is denatured (inactivated) by the temperature increase to 90°C during the homogenization step. High or low pH is also possible to use.
The process equipment is easy to clean and the temperature increase ensures microbial purity of the product.
Scalability is judged to be improved compared with the current process solution due the simplification and so is the ability to keep the process at high hygienic standard.
In view of the above detailed description of the present invention, other modifications and variations will become apparent to those skilled in the art. However, it should be apparent that such other modifications and variations may be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention .

Claims

Claims
1. Method for manufacturing a microfibrillated
polysaccharide, preferably a microfibrillated cellulose, comprising the following steps:
a) providing a hemicellulose containing pulp, preferably a chemical pulp,
b) providing one or more wood degrading enzymes,
c) mixing said pulp with one or more wood degrading enzymes, d) keeping said mixture in a continuous, flowing system of essentially cylindrical geometry,
e) conveying said mixture to one or more mixing zones for
recirculating and homogenizing said mixture, and
f) harvesting during the recirculation of said step e)
microfibrillated polysaccharide.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein the
microfibrillated polysaccharide obtained in step f) has a relatively narrow size distribution, preferably wherein the distribution resembles a Gaussian curve, most preferred said curve has its endpoints of the size classes at about from 1 to 5 to about from 100 to 300 μπι, respectively, especially preferred whereas at the same time the volume density is from about 9.0 to about 10 % at the top of said curve, particularly preferred the Gaussian curve has its endpoints of the size classes at about from 3 to 5 to about from 200 to 300 μπι.
3. A method according to claim 2 wherein the Gaussian
curve has its endpoints of the size classes at about 8 to about 100 - 200 μπι at a volume density of about 0.5 %, or has its endpoints of the size classes at about from 9 to about from 150 - 175 μπι at a volume density of about 1.0 %, or has its endpoints of the size classes at about from 15 - 20 to 100 μπι at a volume density of about 4.0 %, or a combination of two of said features or all three, wherein preferably size classes at about 30 - 40 μπι provides a peak for the volume density .
4. A method according to claim 1 wherein the
homogeni zation pressure is about 500 bars or higher, preferably about 700 to about 1000 bars.
5. A method according to claim 1 wherein the pressure in one or more of steps d) , e) or f ) is kept from about 2 to about 6 bars, preferably about 3 to about 5 bars, most preferred said ranges are applied during step d) .
6. A method according to any one the preceding claims wherein the continuous, flowing system of essentially cylindrical geometry is a plug flow reactor.
7. A method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the re-circulation of the mixture in step e) is performed at least 5 times before harvesting the
microfibrillated polysaccharide.
8. A method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the re-circulation of the mixture in step e) is performed using at least two conveying means.
9. A method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the mixture in the plug flow reactor is kept during from 1 to 5 hours, preferably from 2 to 4 hours, at a temperature from about 50°C to about 70°C, preferably at about 60 °C.
10. A method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein said enzyme is used at a concentration of from 0.1 500 ECU/g fibres, preferably from 0.5 to 250 ECU/g fibres, most preferred 5 to 150 ECU/g fibres, especially preferred from 50 to 150 ECU/g fibres.
11. A method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein said enzyme is a hemicellulase or a cellulase or mixture thereof.
12. A method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein said enzyme is a cellulase, preferably a cellulase endoglucanase type, most preferred a mono-component
endoglucanase .
13. A method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein said pulp is a sulphite pulp, preferably pulp from softwood .
14. A microfibrillated polysaccharide, preferably a
microfibrillated cellulose, obtainable by a method according to any one of claims 1-13.
15. Use of said microfibrillated polysaccharide, preferably a microfibrillated cellulose, according to claim 14 in a strength additive, a thickener, a viscosity modifier, a rheology modifier, a cleaning powder, a washing powder, a detergent, a foam composition, a barrier, a film, a food product, a pharmaceutical composition, a cosmetic product, paper or board product, a coating, a hygiene/absorbent product, an emulsion/dispersing agent, a drilling mud, a composite material, in water purification, in a filter, in solar cell, in a battery, in an electronic circuit, or to enhance the reactivity of cellulose in the manufacture of regenerated cellulose or cellulose derivatives.
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