WO2016048337A1 - Waist assembly having apertured layer and non-apertured layer for absorbent articles - Google Patents
Waist assembly having apertured layer and non-apertured layer for absorbent articles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016048337A1 WO2016048337A1 PCT/US2014/057589 US2014057589W WO2016048337A1 WO 2016048337 A1 WO2016048337 A1 WO 2016048337A1 US 2014057589 W US2014057589 W US 2014057589W WO 2016048337 A1 WO2016048337 A1 WO 2016048337A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- facing layer
- layer
- absorbent article
- absorbent
- facing
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
- A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
- A61F13/512—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its apertures, e.g. perforations
- A61F13/5123—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its apertures, e.g. perforations the apertures being formed on a multilayer top sheet
- A61F13/5125—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its apertures, e.g. perforations the apertures being formed on a multilayer top sheet the apertures not being formed through the complete thickness of the topsheet, e.g. blind holes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
- A61F13/49007—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers
- A61F13/49009—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means
- A61F13/49011—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means the elastic means is located at the waist region
- A61F13/49012—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means the elastic means is located at the waist region the elastic means being elastic panels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
- A61F13/49007—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers
- A61F13/49009—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means
- A61F13/49011—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means the elastic means is located at the waist region
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
- A61F13/49007—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers
- A61F13/49009—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means
- A61F13/4902—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means characterised by the elastic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
- A61F13/494—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers characterised by edge leakage prevention means
- A61F13/49466—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers characterised by edge leakage prevention means the edge leakage prevention means being at the waist region
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
- A61F13/496—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers in the form of pants or briefs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
- A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
- A61F13/5116—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin being formed of multiple layers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
- A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
- A61F13/513—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its function or properties, e.g. stretchability, breathability, rewet, visual effect; having areas of different permeability
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
- A61F13/514—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin
- A61F13/51456—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by its properties
- A61F13/51458—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by its properties being air-pervious or breathable
- A61F13/5146—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by its properties being air-pervious or breathable having apertures of perforations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
- A61F13/514—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin
- A61F13/51456—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by its properties
- A61F13/51458—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by its properties being air-pervious or breathable
- A61F13/51462—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by its properties being air-pervious or breathable being defined by a value or parameter
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
- A61F13/514—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin
- A61F13/51496—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin having visual effects
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/56—Supporting or fastening means
- A61F13/5622—Supporting or fastening means specially adapted for diapers or the like
- A61F13/565—Supporting or fastening means specially adapted for diapers or the like pants type diaper
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
- A61F13/49007—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers
- A61F13/49009—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means
- A61F13/4902—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means characterised by the elastic material
- A61F2013/49025—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means characterised by the elastic material having multiple elastic strands
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
- A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
- A61F13/5116—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin being formed of multiple layers
- A61F2013/51178—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin being formed of multiple layers with the combination of nonwoven webs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
- A61F13/514—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin
- A61F13/51401—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by the material
- A61F2013/51441—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by the material being a fibrous material
- A61F2013/51452—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by the material being a fibrous material being nonwovens
Definitions
- the field of the invention relates generally to waist assemblies for absorbent articles, and more specifically to waist assemblies having an apertured layer and a non-apertured layer.
- Absorbent articles such as diapers, incontinence garments, training pants, sanitary napkins, panty liners, and the like are well known in the art. These articles, which are often disposable, are capable of
- Some absorbent articles such as pull-on type absorbent articles, include a central absorbent member and side panels extending from and interconnecting respective front and back regions of the absorbent member forming a waist assembly.
- Some known absorbent articles include liquid impermeable side panels to prevent liquid discharged by a wearer from leaking through the side panels.
- Such side panels can be impervious to water vapor as well as liquid.
- Side panels that are impermeable to both liquids and water vapor can cause the absorbent article often to feel hot and clammy to the wearer, especially after a bodily discharge.
- the lack of permeability to both liquid and water vapor may cause irritation to the skin of the wearer around the waist.
- concerns over skin In addition to concerns over skin
- liquid impermeable side panels often lack aesthetic and tactile qualities desired in absorbent articles.
- Other known side panels for absorbent articles are "breathable". Such side panels, which are typically constructed from nonwoven materials, are
- breathable in the sense that air can pass through the side panels. While often providing a more skin friendly product, breathable side panels often suffer from inadequate liquid impermeability. That is, breathable side panels often lack sufficient liquid impermeability to prevent bodily fluids from leaking through the side panels.
- breathable side panels often provide a skin-healthier product from the wearer's perspective as compared to non-breathable side panels.
- an absorbent article having a front region, a back region, and a crotch region extending between and connecting the front region and the back region generally comprises an absorbent assembly extending longitudinally between the front region and the back region, and a waist assembly attached to the absorbent assembly along the front region and the back region.
- the absorbent assembly includes an inner layer for facing a wearer, an outer layer for facing away from the wearer, and an absorbent structure disposed between the inner and outer layers.
- the waist assembly defines a waist opening of the absorbent article when the article is in a wear
- an elastic laminate including a non-apertured body- facing layer, an apertured garment - facing layer, and an elastic layer disposed between the body- facing layer and the garment -facing layer.
- an absorbent article having a front region, a back region, and a crotch region extending between and connecting the front region and the back region generally comprises an absorbent assembly extending longitudinally between the front region and the back region, and a waist assembly attached to the absorbent assembly along the front region and the back region.
- the absorbent assembly includes an inner layer for facing a wearer, an outer layer for facing away from the wearer, and an absorbent structure disposed between the inner and outer layers.
- the waist assembly defines a waist opening of the absorbent article when the article is in a wear
- the elastic laminate has a hydrostatic pressure of between about 4 millibar and about 20 millibar as determined by the 1-Drop Hydrostatic Pressure Test, and an air permeability of between about 310 cubic feet per minute and about 620 cubic feet per minute as determined by the Air Permeability Test.
- an absorbent article having a front region, a back region, and a crotch region extending between and connecting the front region and the back region generally comprises an absorbent assembly extending longitudinally between the front region and the back region, and a waist assembly attached to the absorbent assembly along the front region and the back region.
- the absorbent assembly includes an inner layer for facing a wearer, an outer layer for facing away from the wearer, and an absorbent structure disposed between the inner and outer layers.
- the waist assembly defines a waist opening of the absorbent article when the article is in a wear
- the elastic laminate includes a non-apertured body- facing layer, an apertured garment - facing layer, and an elastic layer disposed between the body- facing layer and the garment -facing layer.
- the elastic laminate has a hydrostatic pressure of between about 7 millibar and about 17 millibar as determined by the 1-Drop Hydrostatic Pressure Test, and an air permeability of between about 260 cubic feet per minute and about 690 cubic feet per minute.
- Figure 1 is a top plan view of an absorbent article according to one suitable embodiment of the present disclosure in the form of a diaper pant, the diaper pant being illustrated in an unfolded and laid flat condition to show an inner surface of the diaper pant that faces the wearer when the diaper pant is worn.
- Figure 2 is a bottom plan view of the diaper pant in an unfolded and laid flat condition to show an outer surface of the diaper pant that faces away from the wearer when the diaper pant is worn.
- Figure 3 is a front view of the diaper pant in the wear configuration.
- Figure 4 is a cross-section of the diaper pant taken along line "4-4" in Figure 1.
- Figure 5 is a cross-section of the diaper pant taken along line "5-5" in Figure 1.
- Figure 6 is a schematic illustrating one suitable method of making an apertured elastic laminate suitable for use in the diaper pant of Figure 1.
- absorbent article of the present disclosure in the form of a diaper pant, indicated generally at 10. While the present disclosure will be made in the context of the diaper pant 10, it should be understood that aspects of the present
- absorbent articles such as, for example, refastenable diapers, adult incontinence garments, children's training pants, swim diapers, feminine care articles and the like.
- the diaper pant 10 is a disposable absorbent article.
- the term "disposable absorbent article” refers to articles which absorb and contain body exudates and which are intended to be discarded after a limited period of use. The articles are not intended to be laundered or otherwise restored for reuse. The articles can be placed against or in proximity t the body of a wearer to absorb and contain various exudates discharged from the body. It is understood that in other suitable embodiments, the diaper pant 10 (or more broadly, the absorbent article) can be reusable. That is, the absorbent article can be intended for multiple uses without departing from some aspects of this disclosure.
- Figure 1 illustrates the diaper pant 10 in an unfolded and laid flat condition to show an inner surface of the diaper that faces the wearer when the diaper is worn.
- Figure 2 illustrates the diape pant 10 in an unfolded and laid flat condition to show an outer surface of the diaper pant 10 that faces away from the wearer when the diaper is worn.
- the diaper pant 10 has a longitudinal direction 30 and a lateral direction 32.
- the diaper pant 10 defines a front region 12, a back region 14, and a crotch region 16 extending between and connecting the front region 12 and the back region 14.
- the diaper pant 10 has a front edge 18 and transversely opposed first and second front side edges 20, 22.
- the diaper pant 10 includes a central absorbent assembly, indicated generally at 34, that extends longitudinally from the front region 12 through the crotch region 16 to the back region 14.
- the central absorbent assembly 34 of the illustrated embodiment comprises an outer cover 42 and a bodyside liner 44 connected to the outer cover 42 in a superposed relation by suitable means such as adhesives, ultrasonic bonds, thermal bonds, pressure bonds, or combinations thereof.
- An absorbent structure 46 is disposed between the outer cover 42 and the bodyside liner 44.
- the front and back regions 12, 14 of the diaper pant 10 are constructed of separate pieces of elastic laminate 36, 38 that are interconnected via the absorbent assembly 34. That is, the front region 12 is formed by a piece of elastic laminate 36 and the back region 14 is formed by a separate piece of elastic laminate 38.
- the front region 12 is formed by a piece of elastic laminate 36 and the back region 14 is formed by a separate piece of elastic laminate 38.
- each piece of laminate 36, 38 is attached to the outer cover 42 of the absorbent assembly 34 by suitable means such as adhesives, ultrasonic bonds, thermal bonds, pressure bonds, or combinations thereof.
- the elastic laminates 36, 38 may be joined to other portions of the central absorbent assembly 34, such as the bodyside liner 44.
- the laminate 36 forming the front region 12 is spaced from the laminate 38 forming the back region 14 to define a gap G.
- the absorbent assembly 34 spans the gap G and connects the laminate 36 forming the front region 12 to the laminate 38 forming the back region 14.
- the laminate 36 used to form the front region 12 defines a front panel 57 including a pair of laterally opposite front side portions 58 extending outward from the absorbent assembly 34 at the front region 12, and a front central portion 60 disposed between the front side portions 58.
- the laminate 38 used to form the back region 14 defines a back panel 61 including a pair of laterally opposite back side portions 62 extending outward from the absorbent assembly 34 at the back region 14, and a back central portion 64 disposed between the back side portions 62.
- the laminate 36 used to form the front region 12 is joined to the laminate 38 used to form the back region 14 via a pair of non-refastenable butt (or fin) seams 40 to define a pull-on, pant-like configuration of the diaper pant 10 having a waist opening, indicated at 48, and two leg openings, indicated at 50. More specifically, each front side portion 58 is joined to a respective back side portion 62 via one of the non- refastenable butt seams 40.
- the front region 12 comprises the portion of the diaper pant 10 which, when worn, is positioned at least in part on the front of the wearer while the back region 14 comprises the portion of the diaper pant 10 which is positioned at least in part on the back of the wearer.
- the crotch region 16 of the diaper pant 10 comprises the portion of the diaper pant 10 which is positioned between the legs of the wearer and covers the lower torso of the wearer.
- the front and back side portions 58, 62 comprise the portions of the diaper pant 10 (and more particularly of the front and back regions 12, 14) which, when worn, are positioned on the hips of the wearer.
- the laminates 36, 38 cooperatively define an elastic laminate waist assembly, indicated at 37, that defines the waist opening 48 of the diaper pant 10, and is configured to fully encircle the waist of the wearer.
- the elastic laminate waist assembly 37 includes the front panel 57 and the back panel 61.
- the waist assembly 37 is sufficiently water-vapor permeable to provide a healthy and comfortable product for the wearer, but is also sufficiently liquid impermeable to inhibit bodily fluids from leaking through the waist assembly 37.
- the central absorbent assembly 34 is configured to contain and/or absorb exudates discharged from the wearer.
- the outer cover 42 suitably comprises a material which is substantially liquid impermeable.
- the outer cover 42 can be a single layer of liquid impermeable material, but more suitably comprises a multi - layered laminate structure in which at least one of the layers is liquid impermeable.
- the outer cover 42 can include a liquid permeable outer layer and a liquid impermeable inner layer that are suitably joined together by an adhesive, ultrasonic bonding, thermal bonding, pressure bonding, or combinations thereof. Suitable adhesives can be applied continuously or
- the liquid permeable outer layer can be any suitable material, including materials that provide a generally clothlike texture.
- the outer layer may also be made of those materials of which the liquid permeable bodyside liner 44 is made. While it is not a necessity for the outer layer to be liquid permeable, it is suitable that it provides a
- the inner layer of the outer cover 42 can be both liquid and vapor impermeable, or it may be liquid impermeable and vapor permeable.
- the inner layer can be manufactured from a thin plastic film, although other flexible liquid impermeable materials may also be used.
- the inner layer, or the liquid impermeable outer cover 42 when a single layer, prevents waste material from wetting articles, such as bed sheets and clothing, as well as the wearer and caregiver .
- the outer cover 42 is a single layer of material, it can be embossed and/or matte finished to provide a more cloth-like appearance.
- the liquid impermeable material can permit vapors to escape from the interior of the disposable absorbent article, while still preventing liquids from passing through the outer cover 42.
- One suitable "breathable" material is composed of a microporous polymer film or a nonwoven fabric that has been coated or otherwise treated to impart a desired level of liquid impermeability.
- the outer cover 42 may be stretchable, and more suitably elastic.
- the outer cover 42 is suitably stretchable and more suitably elastic in at least the transverse, or
- the outer cover 42 may be stretchable, and more suitably elastic, in both the transverse and the longitudinal direction .
- the liquid permeable bodyside liner 44 is illustrated as overlying the outer cover 42 and absorbent structure 46, and may, but need not, have the same dimensions as the outer cover 42.
- the bodyside liner 44 is suitably compliant, soft feeling, and non- irritating to the wearer's skin.
- the bodyside liner 44 is also sufficiently liquid permeable to permit liquid body exudates to readily penetrate through its thickness to the absorbent structure 46.
- the bodyside liner 44 can be less hydrophilic than the absorbent structure 46 to present a relatively dry surface to the wearer and permit liquid to readily penetrate through its thickness.
- properties can be varied across the length, width and/or depth of the bodyside liner 44 and absorbent structure 46 to achieve the desired wetness sensation or leakage performance.
- the bodyside liner 44 can be manufactured from a wide selection of web materials, such as porous foams, reticulated foams, apertured plastic films, woven and nonwoven webs, or a combination of any such materials.
- the bodyside liner 44 may comprise a meltblown web, a spunbonded web, or a bonded-carded-web composed of natural fibers, synthetic fibers or combinations thereof.
- the bodyside liner 44 may be composed of a substantially
- hydrophobic material and the hydrophobic material may optionally be treated with a surfactant or otherwise
- the surfactant can be applied by any conventional means, such as spraying, printing, brush coating or the like.
- the surfactant can be applied to the entire bodyside liner 44 or can be selectively applied to particular sections of the bodyside liner 44, such as the medial section along the longitudinal center line.
- the bodyside liner 44 may also be stretchable, and, more suitably, it may be elastomeric.
- the bodyside liner 44 is suitably stretchable and more suitably elastomeric in at least the lateral or
- the bodyside liner 44 may be stretchable, and more suitably elastomeric, in both the lateral direction 32 and the longitudinal direction 30.
- the absorbent structure 46 is suitably compressible, conformable, non- irritating to a wearer's skin, and capable of absorbing and retaining liquids and certain body wastes.
- the absorbent structure 46 may comprise cellulosic fibers (e.g., wood pulp fibers), other natural fibers, synthetic fibers, woven or nonwoven sheets, scrim netting or other stabilizing structures, superabsorbent material, binder materials, surfactants, selected hydrophobic materials, pigments, lotions, odor control agents or the like, as well as combinations thereof.
- the materials may be formed into a web structure by employing various conventional methods and techniques.
- the absorbent structure 46 may be formed by a dry- forming technique, an air forming technique, a wet -forming technique, a foam- forming technique, or the like, as well as combinations thereof.
- the absorbent structure 46 may itself encompass multiple layers in a Z-direction (e.g., thickness) of the absorbent structure 46. Such multiple layers may take advantage of differences in absorbent capacity, such as by placing a lower absorbent capacity material layer closer to the bodyside liner 44 and a higher absorbent capacity material closer to the outer cover 42. Likewise, discrete portions of a single- layered
- absorbent structure may encompass higher capacity absorbents, and other discrete portions of the structure may encompass lower capacity absorbents.
- Superabsorbent material is suitably present in the absorbent structure 46 in an amount of from about 0 to about 100 weight percent based on total weight of the absorbent structure 46.
- the absorbent structure 46 may suitably have a density within the range of about 0.10 to about 0.60 grams per cubic centimeter.
- Superabsorbent materials are well known in the art and can be selected from natural, synthetic, and modified natural polymers and materials.
- the superabsorbent materials can be inorganic materials, such as silica gels, or organic compounds, such a crosslinked polymers.
- a superabsorbent material is capable of absorbing at least about 10 times its weight i liquid, and preferably is capable of absorbing more than about 25 times its weight in liquid.
- the absorbent structure 46 may alternatively comprise a coform material.
- coform material generally refers to composite materials comprising a mixture or stabilized matrix of thermoplastic fibers and a second non-thermoplastic material.
- coform materials are made by a process in which at least one meltblown die head is arranged near a chute through which other materials are added to the web while it is forming.
- Such other materials may include, but are not limited to, fibrous organic materials such as woody or non-woody pulp such as cotton, rayon, recycled paper, pulp fluff and also superabsorbent particles, inorganic absorbent materials, treated polymeric staple fibers and the like. Any of a variety of synthetic polymers may be utilized as the melt- spun component of the coform material.
- thermoplastic polymers can be utilized.
- suitable thermoplastics include polyolefins, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene and the like; polyamides; and polyesters.
- the thermoplastic polymer is polypropylene.
- the absorbent structure 46 is stretchable so as not to inhibit the
- the absorbent structure 46 may be wrapped or
- the absorbent assembly 34 may also include a surge management layer (not shown) located adjacent the absorbent structure 46 (e.g., between the absorbent structure 46 and the bodyside liner 44) to help decelerate and diffuse surges or gushes of liquid that may be rapidly introduced into the absorbent structure 46 of the diaper pant 10 by the wearer.
- the surge management layer can rapidly accept and temporarily hold the liquid prior to releasing the liquid into the storage or retention portions of the absorbent structure 46. Examples of suitable surge management layers are described in U.S. Patent No. 5,486,166 issued January 23, 1996 to Bishop et al . ; U.S. Patent No. 5,490,846 issued February 13, 1996 to Ellis et al . ; and U.S. Patent No. 5,820,973 issued October 13, 1998 to Dodge, II et al . , the entire disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
- the absorbent assembly 34 may also include a pair of containment flaps (not shown) that extend longitudinally along the absorbent assembly 34 and are adapted to provide a barrier to the lateral flow of body exudates as is known in the art.
- the containment flaps can be connected to the bodyside liner 44 or other components of the absorbent assembly 34. Suitable configurations of the containment flaps are described, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 5,599,338 issued Feb. 4, 1997, to K. Enloe, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.
- the laminate 36 used to form the front region 12 comprises a multi-layer construction including an inner or body-facing layer 66, an outer or garment - facing layer 68, and an elastic layer 70 disposed between the body- facing layer 66 and the garment - facing layer 68.
- the body-facing layer 66 and the garment- facing layer 68 each include, respectively, a body-facing side 72, 74 and a garment - facing side 76, 78.
- the garment - facing side 76 of the body- facing layer 66 is connected to the body-facing side 74 of the garment - facing layer 68 by suitable means such as adhesives, ultrasonic bonds, thermal bonds, pressure bonds, or combinations thereof.
- an upper portion 69 of the garment- facing layer 68 is folded over a top edge 67 of the body- facing layer 66.
- the upper portion 69 is connected to the body- facing side 72 of the body- facing layer 66 to close the top edge 49 of the waist opening 48 ( Figure 3), and enclose the elastic layer 70 between the body-facing layer 66 and the garment - facing layer 68.
- the body-facing layer 66 is constructed from a non-apertured nonwoven material. Suitable nonwovens include single layer nonwovens, such as spunbond webs, and nonwoven laminates. In one suitable embodiment, the body- facing layer 66 comprises a spunbond/spunbond/spunbond
- the body- facing layer 66 comprises at least one meltblown layer positioned between two or more spunbond layers to form a spunbond/meltblown/spunbond (“SMS”) laminate.
- the body- facing layer 66 comprises a spunbond/spunbond/meltblown/meltblown/spunbond laminate ("SSMMS”) .
- the nonwoven laminate may have other
- meltblown and spunbond layers such as
- SMMS spunbond/meltblown/meltblown/spunbond laminates
- SM spunbond/meltblown laminates
- a variety of other nonwoven webs may also be used to form the body- facing layer 66 including, for example and without
- the body-facing layer 66 is liquid- impermeable and vapor permeable. That is, the body- facing layer 66 permits vapors to escape from the interior of the disposable absorbent article, while still preventing liquids from passing through the body-facing layer 66.
- the body- facing layer 66 may be treated or otherwise processed to impart a desired level of liquid impermeability to the body- facing layer 66.
- the elastic layer 70 is attached to at least one of the body-facing layer 66 and the garment - facing layer 68 to impart a desired level of elasticity to the laminate 36.
- the elastic layer may be attached to the body- facing layer 66 and/or the garment - facing layer 68 by any suitable means including, for example, adhesives.
- the elastic layer 70 can be stretched and then adhered to one or both of the body- facing layer 66 and the garment - facing layer 68, or adhered to one or both of the body-facing layer 66 and the garment - facing layer 68 when the layers 66, 68 are in a gathered state to impart a desired level of elasticity to the laminate 36.
- the elastic layer 70 is adhered to one or both of the body- facing layer 66 and the garment - facing layer 68, and then elasticized or shrunk, for example with the application of heat, such that elastic retractive forces are imparted to the laminate 36.
- the elastic layer 70 can be formed of a variety of suitable elastic materials, including sheets, strands, or ribbons of natural rubber, synthetic rubber, or thermoplastic elastomeric polymers.
- the elastic layer 70 comprises a plurality of elastomeric strands 80 extending in the lateral direction 32 ( Figures 1 and 2) or circumferential direction ( Figure 3) of the diaper pant 10.
- the lateral direction 32 Figures 1 and 2
- Figure 3) circumferential direction
- elastomeric strands 80 comprise dry-spun coalesced
- VFL vertical filament laminate
- the garment - facing layer 68 is vapor permeable, and may be liquid permeable or liquid impermeable.
- the garment - facing layer 68 is constructed from an apertured nonwoven, such as a single layer nonwoven or a nonwoven laminate.
- the garment - facing layer 68 comprises a spunbond/spunbond/spunbond ("SSS") laminate.
- the garment - facing layer 68 comprises at least one meltblown layer positioned between two or more spunbond layers to form a
- the garment - facing layer 68 comprises a spunbond/spunbond/meltblown/meltblown/spunbond laminate ("SSMMS”) .
- SSMMS spunbond/spunbond/meltblown/meltblown/spunbond laminate
- the nonwoven laminate may have other
- meltblown and spunbond layers such as
- SMMS spunbond/meltblown/meltblown/spunbond laminates
- SM spunbond/meltblown laminates
- a variety of other nonwoven webs may also be used to form the body- facing layer 66 including, for example and without
- the body-facing layer 66 and the garment- facing layer 68 are joined together in face-to-face
- suitable means such as adhesives, ultrasonic bonding, thermal bonding, pressure bonding, or combinations thereof.
- suitable adhesives which can be applied
- elastomeric adhesives i.e.
- aqueous -based styrene butadiene adhesives such as aqueous -based styrene butadiene adhesives, neoprene, polyvinyl chloride, vinyl copolymers, polyamides, and ethylene vinyl terpolymers .
- the laminate 38 used to form the back region 14 has the same construction and configuration as the laminate 36 used to form the front region 12. That is, the laminate 38 comprises a multi- layer construction including an inner or body-facing layer 82, an outer or garment - facing layer 84, and an elastic layer 86 disposed between the body- facing layer 82 and the garment - facing layer 84.
- the body-facing layer 82 and the garment- facing layer 84 each include, respectively, a body-facing side 88, 90 and a garment - facing side 92, 94.
- the layers 82, 84, 86 of the laminate 38 may be constructed of the same materials as the layers 66, 68, 70 of the laminate 36 described above with reference to Figure 4.
- the garment -facing layers 68, 84 have a plurality of apertures 96 formed therein to enhance the breathability of the laminates 36, 38.
- the apertures 96 define an apertured region in the garment - facing layers 68, 84 that fully encircles the waist opening 48 when the diaper pant 10 is in the wear
- each of the apertures 96 is generally circular (when viewed from above or below - in plan view) , but it is understood that the
- apertures can have any suitable shape (e.g., elliptical, square, triangular) .
- the apertures 96 are generally circular and have a diameter between about 0.4 millimeters (mm) and about 4 mm and, more suitably, between about 1.0 mm and about 2.5 mm.
- the apertures 96 have a diameter of about 1.2 mm.
- the apertures 96 have a diameter about 2.0 mm. It is understood that the apertures 96 can have any suitable size and/or shape without departing from some aspects of this disclosure.
- the garment - facing layer 68, 84 of each laminate 36, 38 can have apertures 96 with different sizes and/or shapes. For example, different parts of the laminates 36, 38 can have different sized and/or shaped apertures 96.
- the density of the apertures 96 in the garment -facing layers 68, 84 can range from about 6 apertures per square centimeter to about 36 apertures per square centimeter. In the illustrated embodiment, for example, the density of the apertures 96 is about 18 apertures per square centimeter. In another suitable embodiment, the density of the apertures 96 is about 12 apertures per square centimeter. It is understood that the apertures 96 in the garment - facing layers 68, 84 can have any suitable spacing and density. It is also understood that the spacing and/or density of the apertures 96 can vary in different parts of the garment- facing layers 68, 84. Thus, different parts of the garment - facing layers 68, 84 can have more or fewer apertures 96 than other parts without departing from some aspects of this disclosure .
- the apertures 96 in the garment - facing layers 68, 84 are suitably formed by needling. Needling is a process wherein a plurality of needles (or pins) is driven into or through the nonwoven layer in which the apertures are formed.
- Figure 6 which illustrates one suitable embodiment of apparatus, indicated generally at 300, for making the laminate 36, 38, an incoming continuous web 312 of suitable nonwoven material may be fed to an anvil roll 316 via a web feeding assembly such as, e.g., one or more drive rollers 314.
- the anvil roll 316 is a vacuum roll but it is contemplated that other suitable web handling devices can be used.
- the anvil roll 316 may internally contain or otherwise be connected to a suitable vacuum source (such as, e.g., a vacuum pump, a vacuum chamber, etc., not shown) which is capable of selectively applying a vacuum pressure (i.e., negative pressure) through one or more vacuum holes such that materials provided to the outer surface of the anvil roll are generally drawn to and secured against the outer surface.
- a suitable vacuum source such as, e.g., a vacuum pump, a vacuum chamber, etc., not shown
- a vacuum pressure i.e., negative pressure
- any suitable backing roller can be used instead of or in
- the apertures 96 including, for example and without limitation, a matching roller, a deformable (e.g., rubber) roller, and a felt roller .
- the apparatus 300 illustrated in Figure 6 further comprises a needling roll 318 (broadly, "a needling station") comprising a plurality of needles 320.
- a needling roll 318 (broadly, "a needling station") comprising a plurality of needles 320.
- each of the needles 320 is generally conical in shape. It is understood, however, that the needles can have any suitable size or shape without departing from some aspects of this disclosure.
- the needles 320 are configured to penetrate the nonwoven web 312 a predetermined depth as the nonwoven web is carried by the anvil roll 316 past the needling roll 318.
- a continuously moving web 324 of material is delivered to the anvil roll 316.
- the web 324 of material may include the body-facing layer 66 or a composite web including the body- facing layer 66 bonded to one or more other layers, such as the elastic layer 70.
- a suitable material e.g., air or water jets
- the adhesive is applied to the web 324 at an adhesive station 315 prior to or upon reaching the anvil roll 316. More specifically, the web 324 of material having adhesive thereon and the nonwoven web 312 are directed through a nip defined by the anvil roll 316 and a stomper 323 (or other suitable device, e.g., a roll) . It is understood that the stomper 323 can be omitted. In such an embodiment, the nonwoven web 312 is adhered to the web 324 of material without the use of a nip .
- the diaper pant 10 also includes a visual cue 98 configured to enhance the noticeability of the apertures 96 in the laminates 36, 38.
- the visual cue 98 comprises a portion of each apertured layer being colored with a color that contrasts with the non-apertured layer.
- the visual cue 98 comprises a plurality of graphics 100 printed on the inner or body-facing side 74, 90 of each garment -facing layer 68, 84. It is understood that, additionally or alternatively, the graphics 100 may be printed on the inner or garment - facing side 76, 92 of the body- facing layers 66, 82.
- Each graphic 100 comprises a color that contrasts with the color of the body-facing layers 66, 82 to provide a visually contrasting background against which the apertures 96 are more readily visible.
- the graphics 100 are illustrated as having a generally circular shape, the graphics 100 may have any suitable shape and size that enables the graphics 100 to enhance the noticeability of the apertures 96.
- the colored portion of the visual cue 98 may be disposed on either the body- facing layers 66, 82 or the garment - facing layers 68, 84. It is also contemplated that the colored portion may be disposed on a layer of material disposed between one of the body- facing layers 66, 82 and one of the garment - facing layers 68, 84.
- the colored portion is typically printed in an inner side of one of the body- facing layers 66, 82 and garment - facing layers 68, 84, it is understood that the colored portion may be printed on an outer side of one of the body-facing layers 66, 82 and garment - facing layers 68, 84. Further, the colored portion may be formed by means other than printing.
- the visual cue 98 comprises a nonwoven panel colored in its entirety (e.g., using pigment) .
- the twelve elastic laminate samples tested consisted of four samples having a non-apertured garment - facing layer and a non-apertured body-facing layer, five samples having an apertured garment - facing layer and a non- apertured body- facing layer, and three samples having an apertured garment -facing layer and an apertured body- facing layer .
- each sample including the materials used for the body- facing layer and the garment - facing layer, and the aperture hole size and density for the apertured layers, is provided below in Table 1.
- Table 1 TABLE 1 - Construction of Test Samples
- Each sample included an elastic layer disposed between the garment -facing layer and the body- facing layer.
- the elastic layer in each sample comprised 15 strands of dry-spun coalesced multifilament spandex sold under the trade name LYCRA ® and available from Invista of Wichita,
- Apertured layers having an aperture density of 18 apertures/cm 2 were apertured using a needle punch having 18 pins/cm 2 .
- Apertured layers having an aperture density of 18 apertures/cm 2 were apertured using a needle punch having 18 pins/cm 2 .
- Apertured layers having an aperture density of 18 apertures/cm 2 were apertured using a needle punch having 18 pins/cm 2 .
- Apertured layers having an aperture density of 18 apertures/cm 2 were apertured using a needle punch having 18 pins/cm 2 .
- Apertured layers having an aperture density of 18 apertures/cm 2 were apertured using a needle punch having 18 pins/cm 2 .
- aperture density of 12 apertures/cm 2 were apertured using a needle punch having 12 pins/cm 2 .
- a plurality of graphics was printed on the body- facing layer of Sample 7 to enhance the noticeability of the apertures in the garment - facing layer.
- the Hydrostatic Pressure Test measures the liquid barrier properties of a fabric.
- the hydrostatic pressure of each test sample was determined using Federal Test Standard 191A, Method 5514, which is incorporated by reference herein.
- Federal Test Standard 191A, Method 5514 is well known and will not be set forth in detail herein.
- test procedure is summarized as follows.
- the test head of a Textest FX-3000 Hydrostatic Head Tester available from Schmid Corporation, having offices in
- the Air Permeability Test measures the rate of air- flow through a known dry specimen area.
- the air permeability of each sample was measured using a Textest FX3300 air permeability tester available from Schmid
- test sample A specimen from each test sample was cut and placed so that the specimen extended beyond the clamping area of the air permeability tester.
- the test specimens were obtained from areas of the sample that were free of folds, crimp lines, perforations, wrinkles, and/or any distortions that make them abnormal from the rest of the test material.
- the tests were conducted in a standard laboratory atmosphere of 23 ⁇ 1° C. (73.4 ⁇ 1.8° F.) and 50 ⁇ 2% humidity.
- the instrument was turned on and allowed to warm up for at least 5 minutes before testing any specimens.
- the instrument was calibrated based on the manufacturer's guidelines before the test material was analyzed.
- the pressure sensors of the instrument were reset to zero by pressing the NULL RESET button on the instrument.
- the dust filter screen was cleaned, following the manufacturer's instructions.
- test results obtained with different size test heads are not always comparable, samples to be compared should be tested with the same size test head.
- the NULL RESET button was pressed prior to every series of tests, or when the red light on the instrument was displayed.
- the test head was open (no specimen in place) and the vacuum pump was at a complete stop before the NULL RESET button was pressed.
- Each specimen was placed over the lower test head of the instrument .
- the test was started by manually pressing down on the clamping lever until the vacuum pump automatically started.
- the Range Indicator light on the instrument was stabilized in the green or yellow area using the RANGE knob.
- the air permeability of the specimen was displayed, and the value was recorded.
- the test procedure was repeated for 10 specimens of each sample, and the average value for each sample was recorded as the air permeability.
- the Bending Stiffness of each sample was measured using a KES Advanced Pure Bend Tester Model FB2-L, available from the Kato Tech Co, Ltd. of Japan.
- the KES Advanced Pure Bend Tester Model FB2-L measures the pure bending properties of a sample for a given range of curvature at ⁇ 0.4 cm "1 with a constant speed at 0.5 cm _1 /s .
- the 'SENS' was set at 4 to give a full scale of bending moment of 80 grams -force centimeters (gf-cm) .
- curvature 0 to 0.4 cm -1 denotes as the forward bend while bending through curvature 0 to -0.4 cm -1 denotes as the backward bend.
- the Bend Tester measures bending stiffness (B) in grams -force*cm 2 /cm (gf-cm 2 /cm) .
- the bending stiffness is defined as the average slope of bending moment versus curvature in the forward and backward bend. In the forward bend, the slope is taken in curvature between 0.1 cm -1 and 0.3 cm -1 , while in the backward bend the slope is taken in curvature between -0.1 cm -1 and -0.3 cm -1 .
- a 10 cm by 10 cm (about 3.9 inch by 3.9 inch) specimen was cut from each test sample, with two opposite sides of the specimen running parallel to a Machine Direction (MD) and two perpendicular sides of the specimen running parallel to a Cross Machine Direction (CD) .
- Test specimens were selected from the sample material that were free from all folds, wrinkles, crimp lines, and of any distortions that would make the specimen abnormal from the rest of the sample.
- the bending stiffness of each test specimen was measured in MD such that MD of the specimen is perpendicular to the vertical front and back clamps in the Bend Tester.
- the back clamp was fixed at one location while the front clamp was moveable.
- the distance between the front and back clamps was at a default of 4 cm.
- the result of each material sample is the average of data from 5 specimens of test sample.
- the data was acquired using KES-FB System Measurement Program (KES-FB System FB2-L Only Ver. 7.9W/For Win 98/NT/2000) by Kato Tech Co., LTD. of Japan.
- the Burst Strength Test measures the amount of force required to burst (i.e., rupture) a test sample using a constant rate of extension (CRE) tensile tester.
- CRE constant rate of extension
- a 4 inch by 4 inch (101.6 mm x 101.6 mm) test specimen was cut from each test sample, and placed in a clamping fixture having a circular opening defining the test area.
- a penetration assembly having a smooth, spherical probe tip was arranged perpendicular to and centered under the circular test area.
- the penetration assembly consisted of a spherical probe tip affixed to the end of a socket, which was secured to the tensile tester with a lock nut.
- the Burst Strength Test was carried out according to TAPPI T570 pm-00, using a test speed of 6 inches per minute and a load cell of 50 Newtons .
- the penetration assembly was raised at the specified test speed such that the spherical probe tip contacted and eventually penetrated the test specimen to the point of specimen rupture.
- the maximum force applied by the penetration assembly at the instant of specimen rupture was recorded as the burst strength in grams -force (gf ) .
- the average value from 10 specimens of each test sample was recorded .
- test results indicate that elastic laminate samples with an apertured garment -facing layer and a non-apertured body- facing layer have improved air
- elastic laminate samples having an apertured garment - facing layer and a non-apertured body- facing layer provide a desirable level of air permeability while also providing a sufficient level of liquid impermeability to inhibit bodily fluids from leaking through the elastic laminate .
- Sample Nos . 1-3 were each constructed from an SSS web having a basis weight of 13 gsm.
- Sample No. 1 had no apertured layers
- Sample No. 2 had 1 apertured layer
- Sample No. 3 had 2 apertured layers.
- Sample No. 1 had an air permeability of 607.2 cfm
- Sample No. 2 had an air permeability of 611.9 cfm.
- Sample No. 2 had a hydrostatic pressure of 7.5 mbar as determined by the 1-Drop Hydrostatic Pressure Test
- Sample No. 3 had a hydrostatic pressure of 4.0 mbar as determined by the 1-Drop Hydrostatic Pressure Test.
- Sample Nos. 4a, 5a, and 6a were each constructed from an SSMMS web having a basis weight of 12 gsm. Sample 4a had no apertured layers, Sample No. 5a had 1 apertured layer, and Sample No. 6a had 2 apertured layers. Sample No. 4a had an air permeability of 235.2 cfm, whereas Sample No. 5a had an air permeability of 280.2 cfm. Sample No. 5a had a hydrostatic pressure of 16.2 mbar as determined by the 1-Drop Hydrostatic Pressure Test, whereas Sample No. 6a had a hydrostatic pressure of 4.3 mbar as determined by the 1-Drop Hydrostatic Pressure Test.
- test results indicate that use of a single apertured layer in the elastic laminate did not have a significant impact on the burst strength of the test sample, whereas the use of two apertured layers did have a significant impact the burst strength of the sample.
- Sample No. 1 had a burst strength of 4851.8 gf .
- Sample No. 2 which had a single apertured layer, had a burst strength of 4591.7 gf, whereas Sample No. 3, which had two apertured layers, had a burst strength of 4213.9 gf .
- Samples Nos . 4a, 5a, and 6a displayed similar results. Specifically, Sample No. 4a had a burst strength of 4738.7 gf . Sample 5a, which had a single apertured layer, had a burst strength of 4358.0 gf, whereas Sample 6a, which had two apertured layers, had a burst strength of 3932.5 gf .
- the elastic laminates 36, 38 disclosed herein have a hydrostatic pressure of between about 4 mbar and about 20 mbar as determined by the 1-Drop Hydrostatic Pressure Test, and an air permeability of between about 310 cfm and about 620 cfm as determined by the Air Permeability Test.
- the elastic laminates 36, 38 have a hydrostatic pressure of between about 4 mbar and about 20 mbar as determined by the 1-Drop Hydrostatic Pressure Test, and an air permeability of between about 310 cfm and about 400 cfm as determined by the Air Permeability Test.
- the elastic laminates 36, 38 have a hydrostatic pressure of between about 4 mbar and about 20 mbar as determined by the 1-Drop Hydrostatic
- the elastic laminates 36, 38 disclosed herein have a hydrostatic pressure of between about 7 mbar and about 17 mbar as determined by the 1-Drop Hydrostatic Pressure Test, and an air permeability of between about 260 cfm and about 690 cfm as determined by the Air Permeability Test.
- the elastic laminates 36, 38 have a hydrostatic pressure of between about 10 mbar and about 17 mbar as determined by the 1-Drop Hydrostatic
- the elastic laminates 36, 38 have a hydrostatic pressure of between about 13 mbar and about 15 mbar as determined by the 1-Drop Hydrostatic Pressure Test, and an air permeability of between about 260 cfm and about 690 cfm as determined by the Air Permeability Test.
- the elastic laminates 36, 38 disclosed herein have a burst strength of between about 4000 gf and about 6000 gf and, more suitably, between about 4300 gf and about 5700 gf .
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (12)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
MX2017002840A MX364601B (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2014-09-26 | Waist assembly having apertured layer and non-apertured layer for absorbent articles. |
RU2017109739A RU2634678C1 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2014-09-26 | Waist assembly for absorbent articles, containing layer with holes and layout without holes |
BR112017004084-0A BR112017004084B1 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2014-09-26 | Waist set with opening layer and non-opening layer for absorbent articles |
CN201480081597.5A CN106794096A (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2014-09-26 | For the waist feature with perforated layer and non-perforated layer of absorbent article |
KR1020177009214A KR101770647B1 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2014-09-26 | WAIST ASSEMBLY HAVING APERTURED LAYER AND NON-APERTURED LAYER for absorbent articles |
US14/898,659 US10314749B2 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2014-09-26 | Waist assembly having apertured layer and non-apertured layer for absorbent articles |
PCT/US2014/057589 WO2016048337A1 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2014-09-26 | Waist assembly having apertured layer and non-apertured layer for absorbent articles |
GB1705664.9A GB2544953B (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2014-09-26 | Waist assembly having apertured layer and non-apertured layer for abosorbent articles |
CN202011319902.3A CN112426277A (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2014-09-26 | Waist feature with apertured and non-apertured layers for absorbent articles |
AU2014407123A AU2014407123B2 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2014-09-26 | Waist assembly having apertured layer and non-apertured layer for absorbent articles |
TW104130493A TW201611800A (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2015-09-15 | Waist assembly having apertured layer and non-apertured layer for absorbent articles |
ARP150103011A AR101967A1 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2015-09-18 | ASSEMBLY FOR THE WAIST THAT HAS A PERFORATED LAYER AND AN UNPROCKED LAYER FOR THE ABSORBENT ITEMS |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2014/057589 WO2016048337A1 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2014-09-26 | Waist assembly having apertured layer and non-apertured layer for absorbent articles |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2016048337A1 true WO2016048337A1 (en) | 2016-03-31 |
Family
ID=55581656
Family Applications (1)
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PCT/US2014/057589 WO2016048337A1 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2014-09-26 | Waist assembly having apertured layer and non-apertured layer for absorbent articles |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10314749B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101770647B1 (en) |
CN (2) | CN106794096A (en) |
AR (1) | AR101967A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2014407123B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112017004084B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2544953B (en) |
MX (1) | MX364601B (en) |
RU (1) | RU2634678C1 (en) |
TW (1) | TW201611800A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016048337A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2544953B (en) | 2021-01-13 |
RU2634678C1 (en) | 2017-11-02 |
KR101770647B1 (en) | 2017-08-23 |
KR20170042803A (en) | 2017-04-19 |
BR112017004084B1 (en) | 2022-05-10 |
US20170189244A1 (en) | 2017-07-06 |
TW201611800A (en) | 2016-04-01 |
CN112426277A (en) | 2021-03-02 |
MX2017002840A (en) | 2017-06-19 |
AU2014407123A1 (en) | 2017-04-13 |
AU2014407123B2 (en) | 2019-12-05 |
GB2544953A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
CN106794096A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
GB201705664D0 (en) | 2017-05-24 |
MX364601B (en) | 2019-04-30 |
US10314749B2 (en) | 2019-06-11 |
BR112017004084A2 (en) | 2017-12-05 |
AR101967A1 (en) | 2017-01-25 |
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