WO2016024233A1 - Inhibitors of tryptophan dioxygenases (ido1 and tdo) and their use in therapy - Google Patents

Inhibitors of tryptophan dioxygenases (ido1 and tdo) and their use in therapy Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016024233A1
WO2016024233A1 PCT/IB2015/056129 IB2015056129W WO2016024233A1 WO 2016024233 A1 WO2016024233 A1 WO 2016024233A1 IB 2015056129 W IB2015056129 W IB 2015056129W WO 2016024233 A1 WO2016024233 A1 WO 2016024233A1
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Prior art keywords
pyridin
amine
isoxazolo
optionally substituted
nhr
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PCT/IB2015/056129
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French (fr)
Inventor
Brian Desmond Palmer
Lai Ming CHING
Swarnalatha Akuratiya Gamage
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Auckland Uniservices Limited
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Publication date
Priority to JP2017507807A priority Critical patent/JP7323985B2/en
Priority to KR1020177006662A priority patent/KR20170034439A/en
Application filed by Auckland Uniservices Limited filed Critical Auckland Uniservices Limited
Priority to US15/503,210 priority patent/US10888567B2/en
Priority to CN202311412286.XA priority patent/CN117599049A/en
Priority to KR1020247002643A priority patent/KR20240017411A/en
Priority to CA2957884A priority patent/CA2957884A1/en
Priority to CN202311408585.6A priority patent/CN117618423A/en
Priority to AU2015302908A priority patent/AU2015302908B2/en
Priority to EP15832016.8A priority patent/EP3180002B1/en
Priority to ES15832016T priority patent/ES2925471T3/en
Priority to CN201580055358.7A priority patent/CN106794176A/en
Publication of WO2016024233A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016024233A1/en
Priority to ZA2017/00924A priority patent/ZA201700924B/en
Priority to AU2020203116A priority patent/AU2020203116B2/en
Priority to US17/071,746 priority patent/US11826316B2/en
Priority to US18/380,392 priority patent/US20240285641A1/en

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    • A61K31/535—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
    • A61K31/5375—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine
    • A61K31/5377—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. timolol
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    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
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    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/4353—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
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    • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/4427—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems
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    • A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
    • A61K31/4738—Quinolines; Isoquinolines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
    • A61K31/4745—Quinolines; Isoquinolines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems condensed with ring systems having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. phenantrolines
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    • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • A61K31/519—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
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    • C07D498/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D498/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D498/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to 3-aminoisoxazolopyridines, to pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use as medicaments, and more particularly to their use in cancer therapy, either alone or in combination with other agents, such as anti-cancer vaccines, other types of immunomodulatory therapies, radiation and other chemotherapeutic agents.
  • Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 catalyses the first and rate limiting step of tryptophan conversion to kynurenine, and is expressed in a broad range of cancers to suppress the immune system (Uyttenhove et al., J. Nat. Med. 2003, 9, 1269). High IDOl expression in clinical tumours has been shown to correlate with poor patient prognosis in a wide range of cancers including lung, colorectal, breast, melanoma and gynecologic cancers.
  • Blocking downstream signalling of the IDOl enzyme with small molecule inhibitors also has the potential to synergise with other immunomodulatory approaches, such as anti-cancer vaccine administration, modulation of immune checkpoint proteins (such as CTLA4 and the PDl-4s) and the use of adoptive T-cell therapies (such as CART cells) (Mautina et al., Proceedings of the AACR Annual Meeting, 2014, Poster 5023).
  • immunomodulatory approaches such as anti-cancer vaccine administration, modulation of immune checkpoint proteins (such as CTLA4 and the PDl-4s) and the use of adoptive T-cell therapies (such as CART cells)
  • CART cells adoptive T-cell therapies
  • TDO Tryptophan2,3-dioxygenase
  • TDO inhibitors may also have wide ranging therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of cancer and other conditions.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising:
  • W is CR 1 , N or N-oxide
  • X is CR 2 , N or N-oxide
  • Y is CR 3 , N or N-oxide
  • Z is CR 4 , N or N-oxide
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from the following groups: H, halo, R, -OH, -OR, -OC(0)H, -OC(0)R, -OC(0)NH 2 , -OC(0)NHR, -OC(0)NRR,- OP(0)(OH) 2 , -OP(0)(OR) 2 , -N0 2 , -NH 2 , -NHR, -NRR, -NHC(0)H, -NHC(0)R, -NRC(0)R, -NHC(0)NH 2 , -NHC(0)NRR, -NRC(0)NHR, -SH, -SR, -S(0)H, -S(0)R, -S0 2 R, -S0 2 NH 2 , -S0 2 NHR, -S0 2 NRR, -CF 3 , -CHF 2 -CH 2 F -OCF 3 _OCHF 2 , -CN, -C ⁇ CH, -
  • R 1 and R 2 taken together, or R 2 and R 3 taken together, or R 3 and R 4 taken together can form a saturated or a partially saturated or a fully unsaturated 5- or 6- membered ring of carbon atoms optionally including 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from 0, N and S, and the ring is optionally substituted independently with 1 to 4
  • each R is independently selected from any of the groups defined in
  • C(0)NR 7 S0 2 R 7 an optionally substituted aryl, and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms and having one or more heteroatoms in its ring system which are each independently selected from 0, N and S; and wherein the one or more optional substituents for each of said aryl and heteroaryl groups are each independently selected from the following groups: Ci- 6 alkyl, C 2 . 6 alkenyl, C 2 . 6 alkynyl or C 3 .
  • R 9 and R 10 are each independently selected from any of the groups defined in paragraphs (a) and (b) below:
  • R 9 and R 10 taken together can form a partially saturated or a fully unsaturated 5- or 6-membered ring of carbon atoms optionally including 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from 0, N and S, and the ring can be optionally substituted independently with 1 to 5 substituents selected from the same optional substituents as those defined in (a) above for R 9 and R 10 ;
  • the invention provides a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use as a medicament.
  • the invention provides a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in medicine.
  • the invention provides a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use as a therapeutically active substance.
  • the invention provides a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in treating cancer in a warm blooded animal, including a human.
  • the invention provides the use of a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament.
  • the invention provides the use of a compound of Formula
  • the invention provides the use of a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament for treating cancer in a warm blooded animal, including a human, wherein the treatment comprises administration of the compound of Formula I and one or more additional agents selected from the group consisting of chemotherapeutic agents, immune-modulating agents such as anti-cancer vaccines, modulators of immune checkpoint proteins, adoptive T cell immunotherapies (for example chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART cells)), and radiotherapy, and wherein the additional agent is administered either before, during or after administration of the compound of Formula I.
  • the additional agent comprises an immune-modulating agent.
  • the invention provides a method of treating cancer in a warm blooded animal, including a human, comprising administering to the animal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • the invention provides a method of treating cancer in a warm blooded animal, including a human, wherein the method comprises
  • the method further includes the step of administering one or more additional agents selected from the group consisting of chemotherapeutic agents, immune-modulating agents such as anti-cancer vaccines, modulators of immune checkpoint proteins, adoptive T cell immunotherapies (for example chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART cells)), and radiotherapy, and wherein the additional agent is administered either before, during or after administration of the compound of Formula I.
  • the additional agent comprises an immune-modulating agent.
  • the invention provides a method of inhibiting indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDOl) in a warm blooded animal in need thereof, including a human, comprising administering to the animal a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof having IDOl inhibitory activity, in an amount effective to inhibit IDOl .
  • IDOl indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1
  • the invention provides a method of inhibiting
  • tryptophan2,3-dioxygenase in a warm blooded animal in need thereof, including a human, comprising administering to the animal a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, having TDO inhibitory activity, in an amount effective to inhibit TDO.
  • the invention provides a method of inhibiting IDOl and TDO in a warm blooded animal in need thereof, including a human, comprising administering to the animal a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof having both IDOl and TDO inhibitory activity, in an amount effective to inhibit IDOl and TDO.
  • the invention provides a pharmaceutical combination or kit, comprising
  • a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof (b) one or more additional agents selected from the group consisting of chemotherapeutic agents, and immune-modulating agents such as anti-cancer vaccines, modulators of immune checkpoint proteins and adoptive T cell immunotherapies (for example chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART cells)).
  • chemotherapeutic agents such as anti-cancer vaccines, modulators of immune checkpoint proteins and adoptive T cell immunotherapies (for example chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART cells)).
  • immune-modulating agents such as anti-cancer vaccines, modulators of immune checkpoint proteins and adoptive T cell immunotherapies (for example chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART cells)).
  • the invention provides a pharmaceutical combination or kit, for use in treating cancer, comprising
  • the invention provides a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in treating a condition or disorder selected from the group consisting of: an inflammatory condition, an infectious disease, a central nervous system disease or disorder, coronary heart disease, chronic renal failure, post anaesthesia cognitive dysfunction, a condition or disorder relating to female reproductive health, and cataracts.
  • a condition or disorder selected from the group consisting of: an inflammatory condition, an infectious disease, a central nervous system disease or disorder, coronary heart disease, chronic renal failure, post anaesthesia cognitive dysfunction, a condition or disorder relating to female reproductive health, and cataracts.
  • the invention provides the use of a compound of Formula
  • a condition or disorder selected from the group consisting of: an inflammatory condition, an infectious disease, a central nervous system disease or disorder, coronary heart disease, chronic renal failure, post anaesthesia cognitive dysfunction, a condition or disorder relating to female reproductive health, and cataracts.
  • the invention provides a method of treating a condition or disorder selected from the group consisting of: an inflammatory condition, an infectious disease, a central nervous system disease or disorder, coronary heart disease, chronic renal failure, post anaesthesia cognitive dysfunction, a condition or disorder relating to female reproductive health, and cataracts, in a warm blooded animal, including a human, wherein the method comprises administering to the animal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
  • R 1 and R 2 taken together, or R 2 and R 3 taken together, or R 3 and R 4 taken together can form a saturated or a partially saturated or a fully unsaturated 5- or 6-membered ring of carbon atoms optionally including 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from 0, N and S, and the ring is optionally substituted independently with 1 to 4 substituents selected from R;
  • each R is independently selected from the following groups defined in paragraphs (a) and (b) below:
  • each R 5 , R 7 and R 8 is independently selected from a Ci- 6 alkyl group, a C 2 -6 alkenyl group, a C 2 - 6 alkynyl group and a C 3 - 7 cyclic alkyl group;
  • R 9 and R 10 are each independently selected from the following groups definedaphs (a) and (b) below:
  • R 9 and R 10 taken together can form a partially saturated or a fully unsaturated 5- or 6-membered ring of carbon atoms optionally including 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from 0, N and S, and the ring can be optionally substituted independently with 1 to 5 substituents selected from the same optional substituents as those defined in (a) above for R 9 and R 10 .
  • R 9 and R 10 are each independently selected from the following groups: an optionally substituted Ci- 6 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C 2 - 6 alkenyl group, an optionally substituted C 2 - 6 alkynyl group, and an optionally substituted C 3 - 7 cyclic alkyl group; then the one or more optional substituents for each of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and cyclic alkyl are each independently selected from the following groups: halo, -OH, -OR 11 , -OC(0)R n , -OC(0)NH 2 , - OC(0)NHR n , -OC(0)NR n R n , -OP(0)(OH) 2 , -OP(0)(OR n ) 2 , -N0 2 , -NH 2 , -NHR 11 , -NR 11 R 11 , -N + (0 )R n R n
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halo, optionally substituted Ci-C 6 alkyl, -O-R wherein R is optionally substituted Ci-C 6 alkyl, an optionally substituted aryl, such as substituted phenyl, and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms and having one or more heteroatoms in its ring system which are each independently selected from 0, N and S.
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halo, optionally substituted Ci-C 6 alkyl, -O-R wherein R is selected from optionally substituted Ci-C 6 alkyl and optionally substituted aryl (such as phenyl), -NHR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, an optionally substituted aryl, and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms and having one or more heteroatoms in its ring system which are each independently selected from 0, N and S.
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, -CF 3 , -CHF 2 , -OCF 3 , -OCHF 2 , Ci-e alkyl, such as methyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl, -OR wherein R is optionally
  • Ci-6 alkyl such as methyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl, -OR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -N H R wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
  • R is optionally substituted aryl
  • each of R 2 and R 3 that is other than H is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, optionally substituted Ci-C 6 alkyl, -OR wherein R is selected from optionally substituted Ci-C 6 alkyl and optionally substituted aryl, -N H R wherein R is optionally substituted aryl; an optionally substituted aryl, such as substituted phenyl, and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group.
  • each of R 2 and R 3 that is other than H is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, -CF 3 , -CH F 2 , -OCF 3 , -OCH F 2 , Ci- 6 alkyl such as methyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl, -OR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -
  • R is optionally substituted aryl
  • Ci- 6 alkyl group an optionally substituted aryl, such as substituted phenyl, and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms and having one or more heteroatoms in its ring system which are each independently selected from 0, N and S.
  • aryl such as substituted phenyl
  • heteroaryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms and having one or more heteroatoms in its ring system which are each independently selected from 0, N and S.
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, -CF 3 , -CHF 2 , -OCF3, -OCH F2, Ci-6 alkyl, such as methyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl, -OR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -NHR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, Ci- 6 alkyl, such as methyl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl.
  • Ci-6 alkyl such as methyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl, -OR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -NHR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
  • R 1 is H
  • R 2 and R 3 is other than H
  • each of R 2 and R 3 that is not H is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, -CF 3 , -CHF 2 , - OCF3, -OCH F2, Ci-6 alkyl, such as methyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl, -OR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -NHR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
  • R 3 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, -OR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -NHR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
  • 6-membered ring of carbon atoms optionally including 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from 0, N and S and the ring is optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from R.
  • Certain compounds of the Formula I are novel. Accordingly, such compound: are provided as a further feature of the invention.
  • the invention further provides a compound of Formula I selected from the following:
  • * and ** denotes significance (p ⁇ 0.05, p ⁇ 0.01, respectively) by one-way ANOVA and Sidak's multiple comparisons compared to DMSO controls.
  • Figure 3 shows survival to humane ethical end point of a study with mice with sc GL261-hID01 tumours treated with vehicle (A); Compound 3 at 75 mg/kg (B) IP daily, beginning 8 days after tumor implantation; anti-immune checkpoint antibodies (C) against anti-PDl (Top: 250 pg/mouse IP on days 8, 11 and 14 after tumor implantation) or anti-CTLA4 (Bottom : 1 mg/mouse IP 6 days after tumor implantation); or a combination (D) of Compound 3 plus immune checkpoint antibody.
  • P-values indicate significant difference by Log-rank analysis compared to vehicle survival curves. Coloured arrowheads indicate dosing schedule.
  • radiotherapy means the use of high-energy radiation from x-rays, gamma rays, neutrons, protons, and other sources to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. Radiation may come from a machine outside the body (external-beam radiation therapy), or it may come from radioactive material placed in the body near cancer cells (internal radiation therapy). Systemic radiotherapy uses a radioactive substance, such as a radiolabeled monoclonal antibody, that travels in the blood to tissues throughout the body. The terms irradiation and radiation therapy have the same meaning.
  • halo or halogen group used throughout the specification is to be taken as meaning a fluoro, chloro, bromo or iodo group.
  • variables of the Formula I as defined above are optionally substituted by one or more imidazolyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, azepanyl, pyrrolidinyl and azetidinyl groups that the linkage to the relevant variable may be through either one of the available nitrogen or carbon ring atoms of these groups.
  • heteroaryl includes both monocyclic and bicyclic ring systems, unless the context requires otherwise. It is to be understood that the term “aryl” means an aromatic hydrocarbon such as phenyl or naphthyl.
  • Ci-C 6 alkyl or C 2 -C 6 alkenyl group these groups may be unbranched or branched.
  • reference to a Ci-C 6 alkyl would include a tert-butyl (Me) 3 C- group.
  • treating cancer and 'treatment of cancer include methods that produce one or more anti-cancer effects which include, but are not limited to, anti-tumor effects, the response rate, the time to disease progression and the overall survival rate.
  • Anti-tumor effects include but are not limited to inhibition of tumor growth, tumor growth delay, regression of tumor, shrinkage of tumor, increased time to regrowth of tumor on cessation of treatment and slowing of disease progression.
  • “Therapeutically effective amount” means an amount of a compound that, when administered to a subject for treating a cancer, is sufficient to effect such treatment for the cancer.
  • the “effective amount” will vary depending on the cancer to be treated, the compound to be administered, the severity of the cancer treated, the age and relative health of the subject, the route and form of administration, whether the treatment is monotherapy or combination therapy, the judgement of the attending clinician, and other factors.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable” means: that which is useful in preparing a pharmaceutical composition that is generally safe, non-toxic, and neither biologically nor otherwise undesirable, and includes that which is acceptable for veterinary as well as human pharmaceutical use.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable salts” of a compound means salts that are pharmaceutically acceptable, as defined herein, and that possess the desired pharmacological activity of the parent compound. Such salts include:
  • a metal ion e.g. an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth ion, or an aluminium ion
  • Acceptable organic bases include ethanolamine, diethanolamine, N- methylglucamine, triethanolamine and the like.
  • Acceptable inorganic bases include aluminium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide.
  • Warm blooded animal means any member of the mammalia class including, but not limited to humans, non-human primates such as chimpanzees and other apes and monkey species, farm animals such as cattle, horses, sheep, goats, and swine; domestic animals such as rabbits, dogs and cats; laboratory animals including rodents, such as rats, mice and guinea pigs, and the like.
  • farm animals such as cattle, horses, sheep, goats, and swine
  • domestic animals such as rabbits, dogs and cats
  • laboratory animals including rodents, such as rats, mice and guinea pigs, and the like.
  • the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing compounds of the general Formula I, and the use of such compounds in therapy, and in particular cancer therapy.
  • Compounds of Formula I have been found to be inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDOl) and/or tryptophan2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) .
  • the compounds of the present invention are expected to be useful in cancer therapy, either alone or in combination with other agents, such as anti-cancer vaccines, modulators of immune checkpoint proteins, adoptive T cell immunotherapies (for example chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART cells)), radiation therapy and other chemotherapeutic agents.
  • the compounds of Formula I are also expected to be useful in the treatment of various other conditions besides cancer, as described in more detail in the Therapeutic Methods of the
  • Certain compounds of Formula I may be prepared by reaction of an
  • halo-cyano pyridine with acetohydroxamic acid, in the presence of a base such as potassium tertr-butoxide, potassium carbonate or cesium carbonate (Method 1).
  • a base such as potassium tertr-butoxide, potassium carbonate or cesium carbonate (Method 1).
  • a range of solvents may be used for this reaction, including DMF, p-dioxane and /V-methylmorpholine.
  • Compounds bearing alkylamino substituents and/or arylamino substituents may be prepared by displacement of an activated halogen atom with amines and/or anilines (Method 2).
  • Such compounds may also be prepared by reaction of the primary amine wi an alkyl aldehyde, followed by a reducing agent such as sodium cyanoborohydhde, i a reductive amination process (Method 4) .
  • Compounds bearing a pendant aryl or heteroaryl (Het) substituent may be prepared by reaction of an appropriately substituted halogen- or triflate-containing substrate with suitable aryl or heteroaryl boronic acids or esters, under palladium catalysis, in a Suzuki coupling reaction (Method 5).
  • Compounds bearing a pendant aryl or heteroaryl (Het) substituent may also be prepared by performing a palladium-catalysed Suzuki coupling reaction with an appropriately substituted halogen or triflate-containing chemical intermediate, and suitable aryl or heteroaryl boronic acids or esters, followed by elaboration of the resultant aryl- or heteroarylated product to the final product (Method 6).
  • Compounds containing alkyl and/or aryl ether-linked substituents may be prepared by displacement of an activated halogen atom by alcohols and/or phenols, the presence of a base such as sodium or sodium hydride or cesium carbonate (Method 7).
  • Compounds containing thioalkyl and/or thioaryl ether-linked substituents may be prepared by displacement of an activated halogen atom by thiols and/or thiophenols, in the presence of a base such as sodium or sodium hydride or cesium carbonate, or by direct reaction with the metal salt of a thiol or thiophenol.
  • the resultant thioalkyl or thiophenol derivatives may be oxidised to their corresponding sulfoxide or sulfone derivatives with suitable oxidising reagents such as hydrogen peroxide, peracids, metal complexes and oxaziridines (Method 8).
  • the compounds of Formula I of the invention may be inhibitors of IDOl or TDO, or both IDOl and TDO.
  • Compounds that are inhibitors of either IDOl or TDO, and compounds that are dual inhibitors of IDOl and TDO, are expected to be useful in cancer therapy. Accordingly, in certain embodiments, the present invention provides methods of treating cancer in warm blooded animals, including humans, by
  • the compounds of formula I are expected to be useful in restoring tumor immunity in cancer patients.
  • the compounds of the invention may be useful either alone, or in combination with other cancer therapies, including chemotherapeutic agents, radiation and/or immune modulating agents.
  • Immune modulating agents include, without limitation, anti-cancer vaccines, agents that modulate immune checkpoint proteins (such as CTLA4 and the PDl-4s) and adoptive T-cell therapies (such as CARTs). Accordingly, the compound of Formula I can be administered either alone or in combination with one or more other such therapies, either simultaneously or sequentially dependent upon the particular condition to be treated.
  • the compound of Formula I may be administered in combination with one or more immunotherapies selected from Ipilimumab (an inhibitor of CTLA4), Nivolumab and Lambrolizumab (both inhibitors of PD-1).
  • immunotherapies selected from Ipilimumab (an inhibitor of CTLA4), Nivolumab and Lambrolizumab (both inhibitors of PD-1).
  • chemotherapeutic agents that can be administered in combination with a compound of Formula I include but are not limited to compounds listed on the cancer chemotherapy drug regimens in the 14 th Edition of the Merck Index (2006), which is hereby incorporated by reference, such as asparaginase, bleomycin, carboplatin, carmustine, chlorambucil, cisplatin, colaspase, cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, dacarbazine, dactinomycin, daunorubicin, doxorubicin (adriamycin), epirubicin, etoposide, 5-fluorouracil, hexamethylmelamine, hydroxyurea, ifosfamide, irinotecan, leucovorin, lomustine, mechlorethamine, 6-mercaptopurine, mesna, methotrexate, mitomycin C, mitoxantrone, prednisolone, prednisone, proc
  • Additional anti-proliferative agents that can be administered in combination with a compound of Formula I include but are not limited to BCNU, CCNU, DTIC, and actinomycin D. Still further anti-proliferative agents include but are not limited to those compounds acknowledged to be used in the treatment of neoplastic diseases in Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics (Eleventh Edition), editor Molinoff et al., publ.
  • Additional anti-proliferative agents that can be administered in combination with a compound of Formula I include but are not limited to other molecular targeted agents, which block the growth of cancer cells by interfering with specific targeted molecules needed for carcinogenesis and tumour growth.
  • examples include small molecule protein and lipid kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, molecularly targeted humanised monoclonal antibodies and monoclonal antibody drug conjugates. Examples of such inhibitors include: Rituximab, Trastuzumab, Alemtuzumab,
  • cancers that may be treated in accordance with the present invention include but are not limited to: colorectal cancer, cancers of the breast, melanoma, reproductive organs, respiratory tract, brain, digestive tract, urinary tract, eye, liver, skin, head and neck, thyroid, parathyroid and their distant metastases. Those disorders also include lymphomas, sarcomas, and leukemias.
  • breast cancer examples include, but are not limited to invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma, ductal carcinoma in situ, and lobular carcinoma in situ.
  • cancers of the respiratory tract include, but are not limited to small-cell and non-small-cell lung carcinoma, as well as bronchial adenoma and pleuropulmonary blastoma.
  • brain cancers include, but are not limited to brain stem and hypophthalmic glioma, cerebellar and cerebral astrocytoma, medulloblastoma, ependymoma, as well as neuroectodermal and pineal tumor.
  • Tumors of the male reproductive organs include, but are not limited to prostate and testicular cancer.
  • Tumors of the female reproductive organs include, but are not limited to endometrial, cervical, ovarian, vaginal, and vulvar cancer, as well as sarcoma of the uterus.
  • Tumors of the digestive tract include, but are not limited to anal, colon, colorectal, esophageal, gallblader, gastric, pancreatic, rectal, small-intestine, and salivary gland cancers.
  • Tumors of the urinary tract include, but are not limited to bladder, penile, kidney, renal pelvis, ureter, and urethral cancers.
  • Eye cancers include, but are not limited to intraocular melanoma and retinoblastoma.
  • liver cancers include, but are not limited to hepatocellular carcinoma (liver cell carcinomas with or without fibrolamellar variant), cholangiocarcinoma (intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma), and mixed hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma.
  • Skin cancers include, but are not limited to squamous cell carcinoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, malignant melanoma, Merkel cell skin cancer, and non-melanoma skin cancer.
  • Head-and-neck cancers include, but are not limited to
  • Lymphomas include, but are not limited to AIDS-related lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, and lymphoma of the central nervous system.
  • Sarcomas include, but are not limited to sarcoma of the soft tissue, osteosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, lymphosarcoma, and
  • Leukemias include, but are not limited to acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, and hairy cell leukemia.
  • Therapeutic dosages will likely be in the range of 1 mg to 30 g per day.
  • the specific dose level selected for any particular patient will depend upon a variety of factors, including the activity of the specific compound employed, the age, body weight, general health, sex, diet, time of administration, route of administration, and rate of excretion, drug combination and the severity of the condition undergoing therapy.
  • the invention provides a method of inhibiting IDOl and ID02 in a a warm blooded animal in need thereof, including a human, comprising administering to the animal a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in an amount effective to inhibit IDOl and ID02.
  • IDOl and ID02 inhibitors of IDO
  • TDO TDO
  • compounds that are inhibitors of IDO (IDOl and ID02) and/or TDO may have efficacy not only in the treatment of cancer, but also in the treatment of a range of other diseases or conditions, for example as discussed in PCT International Publication WO 2015/082499 and the references to scientific literature referred to therein, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • such compounds may be useful in the treatment of inflammatory conditions, infectious diseases, central nervous system diseases or disorders, coronary heart disease, chronic renal failure, post anaesthesia cognitive dysfunction, disease conditions or disorders relating to female reproductive health, and cataracts.
  • compounds of Formula I of the present invention may also be useful in the treatment of such diseases or conditions.
  • Examples of inflammatory conditions that may be treated by compounds of Formula I include conditions relating to immune B cell, T cell, dendritic cell, natural killer cell, macrophage, and /or neutrophil dysregulation.
  • infectious diseases that may be treated by compounds of Formula I include bacterial infections, viral infections such as gut infections, hepatitis C, sepsis, and sepsis induced hypotension.
  • central nervous system diseases or disorders that may be treated by compounds of Formula I include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (AML), Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, pain, psychiatric disorders including affective disorders such as depression, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and HIV related
  • diseases or disorders relating to female reproductive health that may be treated by compounds of Formula I is endometriosis, and conditions relating to female reproductive health include contraception and abortion.
  • compositions of the invention are provided.
  • the invention includes pharmaceutical compositions including one or more compounds of Formula I of this invention, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, adjuvant, carrier, buffer or stabiliser should be nontoxic and should not interfere with the efficacy of the active ingredient.
  • the precise nature of the carrier or other material will depend on the route of administration.
  • the compounds may be administered orally, topically, parenterally, by inhalation or spray or rectaiiy in dosage unit formulations.
  • administration by injection' includes intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous and parenteral injections, as well as use of infusion techniques.
  • One or more compounds may be present in association with one or more non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable carriers and if desired other active ingredients.
  • compositions intended for oral use may be prepared according to any suitable method known to the art for the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions.
  • Such compositions may contain one or more agents selected from the group consisting of diluents, sweetening agents, flavoring agents, coloring agents and preserving agents in order to provide palatable preparations.
  • Tablets contain the active ingredient in admixture with non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable excipients which are suitable for the manufacture of tablets.
  • excipients may be, for example, inert diluents, such as calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, lactose, calcium phosphate or sodium phosphate; granulating and disintegrating agents, for example, corn starch, or alginic acid; and binding agents, for example magnesium stearate, stearic acid or talc.
  • the tablets may be uncoated or they may be coated by known techniques to delay disintegration and adsorption in the gastrointestinal tract and thereby provide a sustained action over a longer period.
  • a time delay material such as glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate may be employed.
  • These compounds may also be prepared in solid, rapidly released form.
  • Formulations for oral use may also be presented as hard gelatin capsules wherein the active ingredient is mixed with an inert solid diluent, for example, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate or kaolin, or as soft gelatin capsules wherein the active ingredient is mixed with water or an oil medium, for example peanut oil, liquid paraffin or olive oil.
  • an inert solid diluent for example, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate or kaolin
  • water or an oil medium for example peanut oil, liquid paraffin or olive oil.
  • Aqueous suspensions contain the active materials in admixture with excipients suitable for the manufacture of aqueous suspensions.
  • excipients are suspending agents, for example sodium carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, sodium alginate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, gum tragacanth and gum acacia; dispersing or wetting agents may be a naturally occurring phosphatide, for example, lecithin, or condensation products or an alkylene oxide with fatty acids, for example polyoxyethylene stearate, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with long chain aliphatic alcohols, for example heptadecaethylene oxycetanol, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol such as polyoxyethylene sorbitol monooleate, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides, for example polyethylene sorbitan monooleate.
  • the aqueous suspensions may also contain one or more preservatives, for example ethyl, or n-propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, one or more coloring agents, one or more flavoring agents, and one or more sweetening agents, such as sucrose or saccharin.
  • preservatives for example ethyl, or n-propyl p-hydroxybenzoate
  • coloring agents for example ethyl, or n-propyl p-hydroxybenzoate
  • flavoring agents for example ethyl, or n-propyl p-hydroxybenzoate
  • sweetening agents such as sucrose or saccharin.
  • Dispersible powders and granules suitable for preparation of an aqueous suspension by the addition of water provide the active ingredient in admixture with a dispersing or wetting agent, suspending agent and one or more preservatives.
  • Suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents are exemplified by those already mentioned above. Additional excipients, for example, sweetening, flavoring and coloring agents, may also be present.
  • the compounds may also be in the form of non-aqueous liquid formulations, e.g., oily suspensions which may be formulated by suspending the active ingredients in a vegetable oil, for example arachis oil, olive oil, sesame oil or peanut oil, or in a mineral oil such as liquid paraffin.
  • oily suspensions may contain a thickening agent, for example beeswax, hard paraffin or cetyl alcohol. Sweetening agents such as those set forth above, and flavoring agents may be added to provide palatable oral preparations. These compositions may be preserved by the addition of an anti-oxidant such as ascorbic acid.
  • compositions of the invention may also be in the form of oil- in-water emulsions.
  • the oily phase may be a vegetable oil, for example olive oil or arachis oil, or a mineral oil, for example liquid paraffin or mixtures of these.
  • Suitable emulsifying agents may be naturally-occurring gums, for example gum acacia or gum tragacanth, naturally-occurring phosphatides, for example soy bean, lecithin, and esters or partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides, for example sorbitan monooleate, and condensation products of the said partial esters with ethylene oxide, for example polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate.
  • the emulsions may also contain sweetening and flavoring agents.
  • Syrups and elixirs may be formulated with sweetening agents, for example glycerol, propylene glycol, sorbitol or sucrose. Such formulations may also contain a demulcent, a preservative, and flavoring and coloring agents.
  • the compounds may also be administered in the form of suppositories for rectal administration of the drug.
  • These compositions can be prepared by mixing the drug with a suitable non-irritating excipient which is solid at ordinary temperatures but liquid at the rectal temperature and will therefore melt in the rectum to release the drug .
  • suitable non-irritating excipient which is solid at ordinary temperatures but liquid at the rectal temperature and will therefore melt in the rectum to release the drug .
  • Such materials include cocoa butter and polyethylene glycols.
  • 6-Methylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (48 mg, 0.32 mmol) was dissolved in concentrated H 2 S0 4 (5 mL) at 0°C, then Cr0 3 (160 mg, 1.6 mmol) was added and stirring was continued for 20 hr at 20°C. The mixture was then stirred in ice, and the resulting precipitate was filtered, washed with H 2 0, and a 1 : 1 mixture of pet.
  • 6-Methylisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (248 mg, 1.66 mmol) was dissolved i n cooled concentrated H 2 S0 4 ( 10 ml) at 0°C then Cr0 3 (350 mg, 3.5 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred at 20°C for 3 days. After cooling to 0°C MeOH ( 1 ml) was added and stirring was continued at 20°C for 20 hr. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted into EtOAc.
  • Recombinant human IDOl (rhIDO l) was expressed and purified from cultures of EC538 strain of E. coli transformed with pREP4 and pQE9-IDO plasmid .
  • Reaction mixes were set up in 384-well microplates containing 50 mM phosphate buffer, 10 mM ascorbic, 10 ⁇ methylene blue, 100 ⁇ g/mL catalase, 80 ⁇ TRP, 0.01% Tween 20 (v/v) mixed with rhIDO l ( 15 ⁇ ) at a fi nal concentration of 9 nM in a total volume of 30 [ L assay medium .
  • Lewis Lung carcinoma cells transfected to express human IDOl (LLTC-hlDO l) or murine (LLTC-mlDO l) were cultured with test compounds at 37°C, 5% C0 2 for 24 h. Culture supernatant from each well was then transferred into a fresh, flat-bottomed 96-well plate, mixed with trichloroacetic acid ( 10% final concentration) and incubated for 20 min at 60°C. Plates were then centrifuged ( 10 min at 2500 g) and the supernatants were then transferred and mixed 1 : 1 with 4-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde (20 mg/mL in acetic acid) in a new plate. The absorbance of each well was read at 480 nm, and the concentration that inhibited 50% cellular enzyme activity was calculated.
  • the viability of the cells in each well in the same experiment was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colourimetric assay. After the removal of the supernatant for determination of IDOl inhibition, the cells were incubated with MTT (500 ⁇ g/mL) until crystal formation was observed . Plates were centrifuged for 15 min at 2500 g, and then all the supernatant in then wells was discarded . DMSO ( 100 ⁇ L/we ⁇ ) was added to dissolve the crystals and then the absorbance in each well was measured at 570 nm . Cell viability in each well was expressed as a percentage of untreated controls. Triplicate cultures were used for all experiments unless stated otherwise.
  • Activity ICso ranges: A; ⁇ 1 ⁇ , B; 1-10 ⁇ , C; 10-100 ⁇ , D; > 100 ⁇ Cell-based assay for TDO inhibition
  • GL261 cells transfected to over- express full length human TDO were cultured with test compounds at 37°C, 5% C0 2 for 24 h. Culture supernatant from each well was then transferred into a fresh, flat- bottomed 96-well plate, and kynurenine content was determined as described above for the IDOl assay, and the concentration that inhibited 50% cellular enzyme activity was calculated.
  • Activity ICso ranges: A; ⁇ 1 ⁇ , B; 1-10 ⁇ , C; 10-100 ⁇ , D; > 100 ⁇
  • Tumours were implanted subcutaneously into syngeneic C57BI/6 mice and allocated into different treatment groups when tumours had reached approximately 3x3 mm in size. Compounds were dissolved in DMSO and the dose in a volume of 50 ml was administered by daily injection either ip or sc. Tumours were measured every second day and mice were monitored until humane ethical endpoint was reached.
  • K:T ratios in plasma and tumours from mice with 16 day subcutaneous GL- 261-hIDOl tumours (tumour size 15-20 mm), were determined by analytical HPLC 0.25h, lh, 2h, 4h, 6h and 24h following treatment with 150 mg/kg Compound 3, n 3 per time point.
  • DMSO vehicle control group (n 21) pooled from 3 mice, 0.25h, lh, 2h, 4h, 6h and 24h following treatment with DMSO. * and ** denotes significance (p ⁇ 0.05, p ⁇ 0.01, respectively) by one-way ANOVA and Sidak's multiple comparisons compared to DMSO controls.
  • Figure 3 shows survival to humane ethical end point of a study with mice with sc GL261-hID01 tumours treated with vehicle (A); Compound 3 at 75 mg/kg (B) IP daily, beginning 8 days after tumor implantation; anti-immune checkpoint antibodies (C) against anti-PDl (Top: 250 pg/mouse IP on days 8, 11 and 14 after tumor implantation) or anti-CTLA4 (Bottom : 1 mg/mouse IP 6 days after tumor

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Abstract

Pharmaceutical compositions comprising 3-aminoisoxazolopyridine compounds of the Formula I having IDO1 and/or TDO inhibitory activity are described, where W is CR1, N or N-oxide; X is CR2, N or N-oxide; Y is CR3, N or N-oxide; Z is CR4, N or N-oxide; and at least one of W, X, Y, and Z is N or N-oxide; and R9 and R10 are as defined. Also described are methods of using such compounds in the treatment of various conditions, such as cancer.

Description

INHIBITORS OF TRYPTOPHAN DIOXYGENASES (IDOl and TDO) AND THEIR USE IN THERAPY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to 3-aminoisoxazolopyridines, to pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use as medicaments, and more particularly to their use in cancer therapy, either alone or in combination with other agents, such as anti-cancer vaccines, other types of immunomodulatory therapies, radiation and other chemotherapeutic agents.
BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDOl) catalyses the first and rate limiting step of tryptophan conversion to kynurenine, and is expressed in a broad range of cancers to suppress the immune system (Uyttenhove et al., J. Nat. Med. 2003, 9, 1269). High IDOl expression in clinical tumours has been shown to correlate with poor patient prognosis in a wide range of cancers including lung, colorectal, breast, melanoma and gynecologic cancers. Silencing of the IDOl gene in a murine melanoma cell line resulted in reduced capacity of the cells to form tumours when implanted into mice (Zheng et a/., J. Immunol. 2006, 177, 5639), validating IDOl as a target for cancer intervention. A number of groups have pursued the development of small molecule inhibitors of IDOl as an approach for restoring tumour immunity in cancer patients. Such inhibitors should have potential to exhibit antitumour activity on their own, or in combination with other standard chemotherapies. Blocking downstream signalling of the IDOl enzyme with small molecule inhibitors also has the potential to synergise with other immunomodulatory approaches, such as anti-cancer vaccine administration, modulation of immune checkpoint proteins (such as CTLA4 and the PDl-4s) and the use of adoptive T-cell therapies (such as CART cells) (Mautina et al., Proceedings of the AACR Annual Meeting, 2014, Poster 5023). Early studies used derivatives of tryptophan such as 1-methyltryptophan (1-MT) as competitive inhibitors of IDOl (Cady and Sono, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 1991, 291, 326) and provided proof of concept that IDOl would be an attractive target for pharmacological intervention of cancer (Hou et al. , Cancer Res. 2007, 614). Natural products, isolated from marine invertebrates, inhibit IDOl at considerably higher potencies than tryptophan derivatives. One of the most potent IDOl inhibitors that has been described to date, with activity at nM concentrations, is an exiguamine isolated from a marine sponge (Brastianos et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc, 2006, 128, 16046). Two annulins isolated from marine hydroids exhibited activity at nM concentrations, and stimulated a medicinal chemistry program that generated a series of IDOl inhibitory pyranonaphthoquinones with low nM potency (Pereira et al., J. Nat. Prod. 2006, 69, 1496; Kumar et al., J. Med. Chem. 2008, 51, 1706). High throughput screening of a compound library led to the discovery and optimisation of a structural class of hydroxyamidine inhibitors of IDOl (Yue et al., J. Med. Chem. 2009, 52, 7364). An optimised hydroxyamidine candidate with nM potency against the enzyme in cells and with oral bioavailability is currently in clinical trials (Newton et al., J Clin Oncol.2012, 30, (SuppI; abstract 2500)). Another potent IDO inhibitor of the imidazoisoindole class is also currently in early stage clinical trials (Mautina et al., Proceedings of the AACR Annual Meeting, 2013).
Tryptophan2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) is another key enzyme in the tryptophan degradation pathway. TDO inhibitors may also have wide ranging therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of cancer and other conditions.
It is an object of the present invention to provide 3-aminoisoxazolopyridine compounds and their use in medicine, for example in cancer therapy, or at least to provide the public with a useful choice.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising:
a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:
Figure imgf000004_0001
I
W is CR1, N or N-oxide;
X is CR2, N or N-oxide;
Y is CR3, N or N-oxide;
Z is CR4, N or N-oxide;
and where at least one of W, X, Y, and Z is N or N-oxide;
R1, R2, R3 and R4 are each independently selected from the following groups: H, halo, R, -OH, -OR, -OC(0)H, -OC(0)R, -OC(0)NH2, -OC(0)NHR, -OC(0)NRR,- OP(0)(OH)2, -OP(0)(OR)2, -N02, -NH2, -NHR, -NRR, -NHC(0)H, -NHC(0)R, -NRC(0)R, -NHC(0)NH2, -NHC(0)NRR, -NRC(0)NHR, -SH, -SR, -S(0)H, -S(0)R, -S02R, -S02NH2, -S02NHR, -S02NRR, -CF3, -CHF2 -CH2F -OCF3 _OCHF2, -CN, -C≡CH, -C≡CR, -CH = CHR, -CH = CRR, -CR=CHR, -CR=CRR, -C02H, -C02R, -CHO, -C(0)R, -C(0)NH2, -C(0)NHR, - C(0)NRR, -CONHSO2H, -CONHSO2R, -CONRSO2R, cyclic C3-C7 alkylamino, imidazolyl, Ci-C6 alkylpiperazinyl, morpholinyl and thiomorpholinyl;
or R1 and R2 taken together, or R2 and R3 taken together, or R3 and R4 taken together can form a saturated or a partially saturated or a fully unsaturated 5- or 6- membered ring of carbon atoms optionally including 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from 0, N and S, and the ring is optionally substituted independently with 1 to 4
substituents selected from R;
each R is independently selected from any of the groups defined in
paragraphs (a) and (b) below:
(a) an optionally substituted Ci-6 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C2.6 alkenyl group, an optionally substituted C2-6 alkynyl group and an optionally substituted C3-7 cyclic alkyl group; wherein the one or more optional substituents for each of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and cyclic alkyl groups are each independently selected from the following groups: halo, -OH, -OR5, -OC(0)R5, -OC(0)NH2, -
OC(0)NHR5, -OC(0)NR5R5, -OP(0)(OH)2, -OP(0)(OR5)2, -N02, -NH2, -NHR5, -NR5R5, - N+(0")R5R5, -NHC(0)H, -NHC(0)R5, -NR5C(0)R5, -NHC(0)NH2, -NHC(0)NR5R5, - NR5C(0)NHR5, -SH, -SR5, -S(0)H, -S(0)R5, -S02R5, -S02NH2, -S02NHR5, -S02NR5R5, - CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F,-OCF3, _OCHF2, -CN, -C02H, -C02R5, -CHO, -C(0)R5, -C(0)NH2, - C(0)NHR5, -C(0)NR5R5, -CONHS02H, -C(0)NHS02R5, -C(0)NR5S02R5, cyclic C3-C7 alkylamino, imidazolyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, azepanyl, pyrrolidinyl and azetidinyl; wherein each of the groups imidazolyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, azepanyl, pyrrolidinyl and azetidinyl are optionally substituted by one or more of the following groups: Ci-6 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, C2-6 alkynyl, C3-7 cyclic alkyl, halo, -OH, -OR7, -OC(0)R7, -
OC(0)NH2 -OC(0)NHR7, -OC(0)NR7R7, -OP(0)(OH)2, -OP(0)(OR7)2, -N02, -NH2, -NHR7, -NR7R7, -N+(0") R7R7, -NHC(0)H, -NHC(0)R7, -NR7C(0)R7, -NHC(0)NH2, - NHC(0)NR7R7, -NR7C(0)NHR7, -SH, -SR7, -S(0)H, -S(0)R7, -S02R7, -S02NH2, - S02NHR7,-S02NR7R7, -CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F -OCF3, _OCHF2, -CN, -C02H, -C02R7, -CHO, - C(0)R7, -C(0)NH2, -C(0)NHR7, -C(0)NR7R7, -CONHS02H, -C(0)NHS02R7, -
C(0)NR7S02R7, an optionally substituted aryl, and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms and having one or more heteroatoms in its ring system which are each independently selected from 0, N and S; and wherein the one or more optional substituents for each of said aryl and heteroaryl groups are each independently selected from the following groups: Ci-6 alkyl, C2.6 alkenyl, C2.6 alkynyl or C3.7 cyclic alkyl, halo, -OH, -OR8, -OC(0)R8, -OC(0)NH2, -OC(0)NHR8, - OC(0)NR8R8, -OP(0)(OH)2, -OP(0)(OR8)2, -N02, -NH2, -NHR8, -NR8R8, -N+(0 )R8R8, - NHC(0)H, -NHC(0)R8, -NR8C(0)R8, -NHC(0)NH2, -NHC(0)NR8R8, -NR8C(0)NHR8, -SH, -SR8, -S(0)H, -S(0)R8, -S02R8, -S02NH2, -S02NHR8,-S02NR8R8, -CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F, - OCF3, -OCHF2, -CN, -C02H, -C02R8, -CHO, -C(0)R8, -C(0)NH2, -C(0)NHR8, -C(0)NR8R8, -CONHS02H, -C(0)NHS02R8, and -C(0)NR8S02R8; wherein each R5, R7 and R8 is independently selected from a Ci-6 alkyl group, a C2-6 alkenyl group, a C2-6 alkynyl group and a C3-7 cyclic alkyl group; and
(b) an optionally substituted aryl, and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms and having one or more heteroatoms in its ring system which are each independently selected from 0, N and S; and wherein the one or more optional substituents are each independently selected from the same optional substituents as those defined in (a) above for R;
R9 and R10 are each independently selected from any of the groups defined in paragraphs (a) and (b) below:
(a) H, an optionally substituted Ci-6 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C2.6 alkenyl group, an optionally substituted C2.6 alkynyl group, and an optionally substituted C3-7 cyclic alkyl group; wherein the one or more optional substituents for each of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and cyclic alkyl are each independently selected from the following groups: halo, -OH, -OR11, -OC(0)Rn, -OC(0)NH2, -OC(0)NHRn, - OC(0)NRnRn, -OP(0)(OH)2, -OP(0)(ORn)2, -N02, -NH2, -NHR11, -NR11R11, -N+(0 " )RnRn, -NHC(0)H, -NHC(0)Rn, -NR11C(0)R11, -NHC(0)NH2, -NHC(0)NR11R11, - NR11C(0)NHR11, -SH, -SR11, -S(0)H, -S(0)Rn, -S02Rn, -S02NH2, -S02NHR11, - S02NR11R11, -CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F,-OCF3, -OCHF2, -CN, -C02H, -C02Rn, -CHO, -C(0)Rn, - C(0)NH2, -C(0)NHRn, -C(0)NR11R11, -CONHS02H, -C(0)NHS02Rn, -C(0)NRnS02Rn, cyclic C3-C7 alkylamino, imidazolyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, azepanyl, pyrrolidinyl and azetidinyl; wherein each of the groups cyclic C3- C7 alkylamino, imidazolyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, azepanyl, pyrrolidinyl and azetidinyl are optionally substituted by one or more of the following groups: Ci-6 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, C2-6 alkynyl, C3-7 cyclic alkyl, halo, -OH, - OR13, -OC(0)R13, -OC(0)NH2, -OC(0)NHR13, -OC(0)NR13R13, -OP(0)(OH)2, - OP(0)(OR13)2, -N02, -NH2, -NHR13, -NR13R13 -N+(0 )R13R13, -NHC(0)H, -NHC(0)R13, - NR13C(0)R13, -NHC(0)NH2, -NHC(0)NR13R13, -NR13C(0)NHR13, -SH, -SR13, -S(0)H, - S(0)R13, -S02R13, -S02NH2, -S02NHR13,-S02NR13R13, -CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F -OCF3, _OCHF2, -CN, -C02H, -C02R13, -CHO, -C(0)R13, -C(0)NH2, -C(0)NHR13, -C(0)NR13R13, - CONHS02H, -C(0)NHS02R13, and -C(0)NR13S02R13; wherein each Rn and R13 is independently selected from a Ci-6 alkyl group, a C2.6 alkenyl group, a C2.6 alkynyl group and a C3.7 cyclic alkyl group; and (b) an optionally substituted aryl, and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms and having one or more heteroatoms in its ring system which are each independently selected from 0, N and S; and wherein the one or more optional substituents for each of said aryl and heteroaryl are each
independently selected from the same optional substituents as those defined in (a) above for R9 and R10;
or
(c) R9 and R10 taken together can form a partially saturated or a fully unsaturated 5- or 6-membered ring of carbon atoms optionally including 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from 0, N and S, and the ring can be optionally substituted independently with 1 to 5 substituents selected from the same optional substituents as those defined in (a) above for R9 and R10;
and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
In another aspect, the invention provides a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use as a medicament.
In another aspect, the invention provides a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in medicine.
In a further aspect, the invention provides a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use as a therapeutically active substance.
In a further aspect, the invention provides a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in treating cancer in a warm blooded animal, including a human.
In a further aspect, the invention provides the use of a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament.
In a further aspect, the invention provides the use of a compound of Formula
I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament for treating cancer in a warm blooded animal, including a human.
In a further aspect, the invention provides the use of a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament for treating cancer in a warm blooded animal, including a human, wherein the treatment comprises administration of the compound of Formula I and one or more additional agents selected from the group consisting of chemotherapeutic agents, immune-modulating agents such as anti-cancer vaccines, modulators of immune checkpoint proteins, adoptive T cell immunotherapies (for example chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART cells)), and radiotherapy, and wherein the additional agent is administered either before, during or after administration of the compound of Formula I. In certain embodiments, the additional agent comprises an immune-modulating agent.
In a further aspect, the invention provides a method of treating cancer in a warm blooded animal, including a human, comprising administering to the animal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
In a further aspect, the invention provides a method of treating cancer in a warm blooded animal, including a human, wherein the method comprises
administering to the animal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and wherein the method further includes the step of administering one or more additional agents selected from the group consisting of chemotherapeutic agents, immune-modulating agents such as anti-cancer vaccines, modulators of immune checkpoint proteins, adoptive T cell immunotherapies (for example chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART cells)), and radiotherapy, and wherein the additional agent is administered either before, during or after administration of the compound of Formula I. In certain embodiments, the additional agent comprises an immune-modulating agent.
In a further aspect, the invention provides a method of inhibiting indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDOl) in a warm blooded animal in need thereof, including a human, comprising administering to the animal a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof having IDOl inhibitory activity, in an amount effective to inhibit IDOl .
In a further aspect, the invention provides a method of inhibiting
tryptophan2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) in a warm blooded animal in need thereof, including a human, comprising administering to the animal a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, having TDO inhibitory activity, in an amount effective to inhibit TDO.
In a further aspect, the invention provides a method of inhibiting IDOl and TDO in a warm blooded animal in need thereof, including a human, comprising administering to the animal a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof having both IDOl and TDO inhibitory activity, in an amount effective to inhibit IDOl and TDO.
In a further aspect, the invention provides a pharmaceutical combination or kit, comprising
(a) a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and (b) one or more additional agents selected from the group consisting of chemotherapeutic agents, and immune-modulating agents such as anti-cancer vaccines, modulators of immune checkpoint proteins and adoptive T cell immunotherapies (for example chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART cells)).
In a further aspect, the invention provides a pharmaceutical combination or kit, for use in treating cancer, comprising
(a) a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and
(b) one or more additional agents selected from the group consisting of chemotherapeutic agents, and immune-modulating agents such as anticancer vaccines, modulators of immune checkpoint proteins and adoptive T cell immunotherapies (for example chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART cells)). In a further aspect, the invention provides a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for use in treating a condition or disorder selected from the group consisting of: an inflammatory condition, an infectious disease, a central nervous system disease or disorder, coronary heart disease, chronic renal failure, post anaesthesia cognitive dysfunction, a condition or disorder relating to female reproductive health, and cataracts.
In a further aspect, the invention provides the use of a compound of Formula
I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a condition or disorder selected from the group consisting of: an inflammatory condition, an infectious disease, a central nervous system disease or disorder, coronary heart disease, chronic renal failure, post anaesthesia cognitive dysfunction, a condition or disorder relating to female reproductive health, and cataracts.
In a further aspect, the invention provides a method of treating a condition or disorder selected from the group consisting of: an inflammatory condition, an infectious disease, a central nervous system disease or disorder, coronary heart disease, chronic renal failure, post anaesthesia cognitive dysfunction, a condition or disorder relating to female reproductive health, and cataracts, in a warm blooded animal, including a human, wherein the method comprises administering to the animal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
Certain embodiments of compounds of Formula I, that may be used in any of the compositions, methods, uses and other aspects of the invention as defined above, are described in the numbered paragraphs (1) to (30) below. (1) . A compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, as defined above in the first aspect of the invention.
(2) . A compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein W, X, Y, and Z are all as defined above in the first aspect of the invention, and wherein :
R1, R2, R3 and R4 are each independently selected from the following groups: H, halo, R, -OH, -OR, -OC(0)H, -OC(0)R, -OC(0)NH2, -OC(0)NHR, - OC(0)NRR,-OP(0)(OH)2, -OP(0)(OR)2, -N02, -NH2, -NHR, -NRR, -NHC(0)H, - NHC(0)R, -NRC(0)R, -NHC(0)NH2, -NHC(0)NRR, -NRC(0)NHR, -SH, -SR, - S(0)H, -S(0)R, -S02R, -S02NH2, -S02NHR, -S02NRR, -CF3, -OCF3, _OCHF2, -CN, -C≡CH, -C≡CR, -CH = CHR, -CH = CRR, -CR=CHR, -CR=CRR, -C02H, -C02R, - CHO, -C(0)R, -C(0)NH2, -C(0)NHR, -C(0)NRR, -CONHS02H, -CONHS02R, - CONRS02R, cyclic C3-C7 alkylamino, imidazolyl, Ci-C6 alkylpiperazinyl, morpholinyl and thiomorpholinyl;
or R1 and R2 taken together, or R2 and R3 taken together, or R3 and R4 taken together can form a saturated or a partially saturated or a fully unsaturated 5- or 6-membered ring of carbon atoms optionally including 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from 0, N and S, and the ring is optionally substituted independently with 1 to 4 substituents selected from R;
each R is independently selected from the following groups defined in paragraphs (a) and (b) below:
(a) an optionally substituted Ci-6 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C2-6 alkenyl group, an optionally substituted C2-6 alkynyl group and an optionally substituted C3-7 cyclic alkyl group; wherein the one or more optional substituents for each of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and cyclic alkyl groups are each independently selected from the following groups: halo, -OH, -OR5, -OC(0)R5, -OC(0)NH2, -OC(0)NHR5, -OC(0)NR5R5, -OP(0)(OH)2, -OP(0)(OR5)2, -N02, -NH2, -NHR5, -NR5R5, - N+(0")R5R5, -NHC(0)H, -NHC(0)R5, -NR5C(0)R5, -NHC(0)NH2, - NHC(0)NR5R5, -NR5C(0)NHR5, -SH, -SR5, -S(0)H, -S(0)R5, -S02R5, - S02NH2, -S02NHR5, -S02NR5R5, -CF3, -OCF3, -OCHF2, -CN, -C02H, - C02R5, -CHO, -C(0)R5, -C(0)NH2, -C(0)NHR5, -C(0)NR5R5, -CONHS02H, -C(0)NHS02R5, -C(0)NR5S02R5, cyclic C3-C7 alkylamino, imidazolyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, azepanyl, pyrrolidinyl and azetidinyl; wherein each of the groups imidazolyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, azepanyl, pyrrolidinyl and azetidinyl are optionally substituted by one or more of the following groups: Ci-6 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, C2-6 alkynyl, C3-7 cyclic alkyl, halo, -OH, -OR7, -OC(0)R7, -OC(0)NH2 -OC(0)NHR7, - OC(0)NR7R7, -OP(0)(OH)2, -OP(0)(OR7)2, -N02, -NH2, -NHR7, -NR7R7, - N+(0") R7R7, -NHC(0)H, -NHC(0)R7, -NR7C(0)R7, -NHC(0)NH2, - NHC(0)NR7R7, -NR7C(0)NHR7, -SH, -SR7, -S(0)H, -S(0)R7, -S02R7, -
S02NH2, -S02NHR7,-S02NR7R7, -CF3, -OCF3, -OCHF2, -CN, -C02H, -C02R7, -CHO, -C(0)R7, -C(0)NH2, -C(0)NHR7, -C(0)NR7R7, -CONHS02H, - C(0)NHS02R7, -C(0)NR7S02R7 an optionally substituted aryl, and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms and having one or more heteroatoms in its ring system which are each independently selected from 0, N and S; and wherein the one or more optional substituents for each of said aryl and heteroaryl groups are each independently selected from the following groups: Ci-6 alkyl, C2.6 alkenyl, C2.6 alkynyl, C3-7 cyclic alkyl, halo, -OH, -OR8, -OC(0)R8, - OC(0)NH2, -OC(0)NHR8, -OC(0)NR8R8, -OP(0)(OH)2, -OP(0)(OR8)2, -
N02, -NH2, -NHR8, -NR8R8, -N+(0 )R8R8, -NHC(0)H, -NHC(0)R8, - NR8C(0)R8, -NHC(0)NH2, -NHC(0)NR8R8, -NR8C(0)NHR8, -SH, -SR8, - S(0)H, -S(0)R8, -S02R8, -S02NH2, -S02NHR8,-S02NR8R8, -CF3, -OCF3, _ OCHF2, -CN, -C02H, -C02R8, -CHO, -C(0)R8, -C(0)NH2, -C(0)NHR8, - C(0)NR8R8, -CONHS02H, -C(0)NHS02R8, and -C(0)NR8S02R8;
wherein each R5, R7 and R8 is independently selected from a Ci-6 alkyl group, a C2-6 alkenyl group, a C2-6 alkynyl group and a C3-7 cyclic alkyl group; and
(b) an optionally substituted aryl, and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms and having one or more heteroatoms in its ring system which are each
independently selected from 0, N and S; and wherein the one or more optional substituents for each aryl and heteroaryl are each
independently selected from the same optional substituents as those defined in (a) above for R;
R9 and R10 are each independently selected from the following groups definedaphs (a) and (b) below:
(a) H, an optionally substituted Ci-6 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C2.6 alkenyl group, an optionally substituted C2.6 alkynyl group, and an optionally substituted C3-7 cyclic alkyl group; wherein the one or more optional substituents for each of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and cyclic alkyl are each independently selected from the following groups: halo, -OH, -OR11, -OC(0)Rn, -OC(0)NH2, -OC(0)NHRn, - OC(0)NRnRn, -OP(0)(OH)2, -OP(0)(ORn)2, -N02, -NH2, -NHR11, - NR11R11, -N+(0 )RnRn, -NHC(0)H, -NHC(0)Rn, -NR11C(0)R11, - NHC(0)NH2, -NHC(0)NR11R11, -NR11C(0)NHR11, -SH, -SR11, -S(0)H, - S(0)Rn, -S02Rn, -S02NH2, -S02NHR11, -S02NR11R11, -CF3, -OCF3, -
OCHF2, -CN, -C02H, -C02Rn, -CHO, -C(0)Rn, -C(0)NH2, -C(0)NHRn, - C(0)NR11R11, -CONHS02H, -C(0)NHS02Rn, -C(0)NRnS02Rn, cyclic C3- C7 alkylamino, imidazolyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, azepanyl, pyrrolidinyl and azetidinyl; wherein each of the groups cyclic C3-C7 alkylamino, imidazolyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, azepanyl, pyrrolidinyl and azetidinyl are optionally substituted by one or more of the following groups: Ci-6 alkyl, C2.6 alkenyl, C2.6 alkynyl, C3-7 cyclic alkyl, halo, -OH, -OR13, - OC(0)R13, -OC(0)NH2, -OC(0)NHR13, -OC(0)NR13R13, -OP(0)(OH)2, - OP(0)(OR13)2, -N02, -NH2, -NHR13, -NR13R13 -N+(0 )R13R13, -NHC(0)H, -
NHC(0)R13, -NR13C(0)R13, -NHC(0)NH2, -NHC(0)NR13R13, - NR13C(0)NHR13, -SH, -SR13, -S(0)H, -S(0)R13, -S02R13, -S02NH2, - S02NHR13,-S02NR13R13, -CF3, OCF3, _OCHF2, -CN, -C02H, -C02R13, -CHO, -C(0)R13, -C(0)NH2, -C(0)NHR13, -C(0)NR13R13, -CONHS02H, - C(0)NHS02R13, and -C(0)NR13S02R13; wherein each Rn and R13 is independently selected from a Ci-6 alkyl group, a C2-6 alkenyl group, a C2-6 alkynyl group and a C3-7 cyclic alkyl group; and
(b) an optionally substituted aryl, and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms and having one or more heteroatoms in its ring system which are each
independently selected from O, N and S; and wherein the one or more optional substituents for each of said aryl and heteroaryl are each independently selected from the same optional substituents as those defined in (a) above for R9 and R10; or
(c) R9 and R10 taken together can form a partially saturated or a fully unsaturated 5- or 6-membered ring of carbon atoms optionally including 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from 0, N and S, and the ring can be optionally substituted independently with 1 to 5 substituents selected from the same optional substituents as those defined in (a) above for R9 and R10.
(3). A compound as defined in paragraph (1) or (2), wherein when R9 and R10 are each independently selected from the following groups: an optionally substituted Ci-6 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C2-6 alkenyl group, an optionally substituted C2-6 alkynyl group, and an optionally substituted C3-7 cyclic alkyl group; then the one or more optional substituents for each of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and cyclic alkyl are each independently selected from the following groups: halo, -OH, -OR11, -OC(0)Rn, -OC(0)NH2, - OC(0)NHRn, -OC(0)NRnRn, -OP(0)(OH)2, -OP(0)(ORn)2, -N02, -NH2, -NHR11, -NR11R11, -N+(0 )RnRn, -NHC(0)H, -NHC(0)Rn, -NR11C(0)R11, -NHC(0)NH2, - NHC(0)NR11R11, -NR11C(0)NHR11, -SH, -SR11, -S(0)H, -S(0)Rn, -S02Rn, - S02NH2, -S02NHR11, -S02NR11R11, -CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F,-OCF3, _OCHF2, -CN, - C02H, -C02Rn, -CHO, -C(0)Rn, -C(0)NH2, -C(0)NHRn, -C(0)NR11R11, - CONHS02H, -C(0)NHS02Rn, and -C(0)NRnS02Rn; wherein each R11 is independently selected from a Ci-6 alkyl group, a C2.6 alkenyl group, a C2.6 alkynyl group and a C3-7 cyclic alkyl group.
(4) . A compound as defined in any one of paragraphs (1) to (3) , wherein Z is N or N-oxide, such as N, W is CR1, X is CR2 and Y is CR3.
(5) . A compound as defined in any one of paragraphs (1) to (3), wherein X is N or N-oxide, such as N, W is CR1, Y is CR3 and Z is CR4.
(6) . A compound as defined in any one of paragraphs (1) to
(3), wherein X and Z are both N or N-oxide, such as N, W is CR1 and Y is CR3.
(7) . A compound as defined in any one of paragraphs (1) to (6), wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4, where present, are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halo, optionally substituted Ci-C6 alkyl, -O-R wherein R is optionally substituted Ci-C6 alkyl, an optionally substituted aryl, such as substituted phenyl, and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms and having one or more heteroatoms in its ring system which are each independently selected from 0, N and S.
(8) . A compound as defined in any one of paragraphs (1) to (6), wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4, where present, are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halo, optionally substituted Ci-C6 alkyl, -O-R wherein R is selected from optionally substituted Ci-C6 alkyl and optionally substituted aryl (such as phenyl), -NHR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, an optionally substituted aryl, and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms and having one or more heteroatoms in its ring system which are each independently selected from 0, N and S.
(9) . A compound as defined in paragraph (8), wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4, where present, are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, -CF3, -CHF2, -OCF3, -OCHF2, Ci-e alkyl, such as methyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl, -OR wherein R is optionally
substituted aryl, and -N H R wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
(10) . A compound as defined in paragraph (8), wherein one or two of R1, R2, R3 and R4, where present, is H, and the others of R1, R2 R3 and R4 that are not H are independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, -
CF3, -CH F2, -OCF3, -OCH F2, Ci-6 alkyl, such as methyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl, -OR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -N H R wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
(11) . A compound as defined in any one of paragraphs (8) to (10), wherein R3 is present and selected from the group consisting of halogen, -OR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -N H R wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
(12) . A compound as defined in paragraph (4), wherein Z is N or N- oxide, such as N, W is CR1, X is CR2 and Y is CR3, and R3 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, -O-R wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and
-N H R wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
(13) . A compound as defined in paragraph (4), wherein Z is N or N- oxide, such as N, W is CR1, X is CR2 and Y is CR3, R1 is H, and one or both of R2 and R3 are other than H, for example, both R2 and R3 are other than H, or R2 is H and R3 is other than H, or R3 is H and R2 is other than H .
(14) . A compound as defined in paragraph (13), wherein each of R2 and R3 that is other than H is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, optionally substituted Ci-C6 alkyl, -OR wherein R is selected from optionally substituted Ci-C6 alkyl and optionally substituted aryl, -N H R wherein R is optionally substituted aryl; an optionally substituted aryl, such as substituted phenyl, and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group.
(15) . A compound as defined in paragraph (14), wherein each of R2 and R3 that is other than H is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, -CF3, -CH F2, -OCF3, -OCH F2, Ci-6 alkyl such as methyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl, -OR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -
N H R wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
(16) . A compound as defined in any one of paragraphs (1) to (6), wherein R1 and R2 taken together, or R2 and R3 taken together, or R3 and R4 taken together form a saturated or a partially saturated or a fully unsaturated 5- or 6-membered ring of carbon atoms optionally including 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from O, N or S and the ring is optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from R, and those of R1, R2, R3 and R4 that are not part of the ring, are independently selected from : H, halo, optionally substituted Ci-C6 alkyl, O-R wherein R is optionally substituted Ci-C6 alkyl, an optionally substituted aryl and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms and having one or more heteroatoms in its ring system which are each independently selected from 0, N and S.
(17) . A compound as defined in any one of paragraphs (1) to (16), wherein R9 and R10 are independently selected from H, an optionally
substituted Ci-6 alkyl group, an optionally substituted aryl, such as substituted phenyl, and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms and having one or more heteroatoms in its ring system which are each independently selected from 0, N and S.
(18) . A compound as defined in any one of paragraphs (1) to (17), wherein R9 and R10 are both H.
(19) . A compound as defined in paragraph (4), wherein Z is N or N- oxide, such as N, W is CR1, X is CR2 and Y is CR3, and R9 and R10 are both H.
(20) A compound as defined in paragraph (19), wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, -CF3, -CHF2, -OCF3, -OCH F2, Ci-6 alkyl, such as methyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl, -OR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -NHR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
(21) . A compound as defined in paragraph (19), wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, Ci-6 alkyl, such as methyl, substituted aryl, and substituted heteroaryl.
(22) . A compound as defined in paragraph (19), wherein one or two of R1, R2 and R3 is H, and the others of R1, R2 and R3 that are not H are
independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, -CF3, -CHF2, - OCF3, -OCH F2, Ci-6 alkyl, such as methyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl, -OR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -NHR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
(23). A compound as defined in paragraph (19), wherein R1 is H, and one of both of R2 and R3 is other than H, wherein each of R2 and R3 that is not H is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, -CF3, -CHF2, - OCF3, -OCH F2, Ci-6 alkyl, such as methyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl, -OR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -NHR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl. (24) . A compound as defined in any one of paragraphs (19) to (23), wherein R3 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, -OR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -NHR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
(25) . A compound as defined in paragraph (19), wherein R1 is H, and R2 and R3 form a saturated or a partially saturated or a fully unsaturated 5- or
6-membered ring of carbon atoms optionally including 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from 0, N and S and the ring is optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from R.
(26) . A compound as defined in paragraph (1), selected from the group consisting of:
5-Bromo-4,6-di methyl isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (1)
Isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (2)
5-Chloro-4,6-di methyl isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (3)
4,6-Dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (4)
4,5,6-Trimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (5)
5- Bromoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (6)
6- Methylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (7)
5- Chloroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (8)
Isoxazolo[5,4-b]quinolin-3-amine (9)
5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4-b]quinolin-3-amine (10)
6- Chloroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (11)
Isoxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidin-3-amine (12)
4- Phenylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (13)
5- Fluoroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (14)
6-Phenylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (15)
5-Iodoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (16)
Isoxazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-3-amine (17)
N6,N6-Dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (18)
N4,N4-Di methyl isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,4-diamine (19)
5-Chloro-N3,4,6-trimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (20)
5-Chloro-N3,N3,4,6-tetramethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (21)
5-(3-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (22)
5-(2-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (23)
5-Phenylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (24)
5-(3-Fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (25)
5-(Pyridin-3-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (26)
5-(Pyridin-4-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (27) 2-(3-Aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenol (28)
4- (3-Aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenol (29)
5- (4-Fluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (30)
5-(3-Fluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (31)
5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (32)
5-(3,5-Difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (33)
5-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (34)
5-(2,3,4-Trichlorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (35)
5-(4-(Trifluoromethylphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (36)
5-(3-Aminophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-arinine (37)
Methyl 3-(3-aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)benzoate (38)
5-(6-Fluoropyridin-3-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (39)
5- (2-Chloro-4-(trifluoronnethyl)phenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyndin-3-annine (40)
6- Methoxyisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (41)
6-Chloro-4-methylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (42)
Isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diannine (43)
5- Methylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (44)
5.6- Dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (45)
6- Methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (46)
6-(Trifluoromethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (47)
6-Isopropylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (48)
5-Nitroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (49)
Ethyl 3-amino-6-(trifluoronnethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyndine-5-carboxylate (50)
4- Methoxyisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (51)
5-(Difluoromethoxy)-4,6-dirinethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyndin-3-annine (52)
Ethyl 3-amino-6-methylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate (53)
Ethyl 3-amino-6-(difluoromethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate (54)
5- Fluoro-6-morpholinoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (55)
N6-Cyclopropyl-5-fluoroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (56)
5-Fluoro-N6,N6-di methyl isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diannine (57)
6- (Furan-2-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (58)
6.7- Dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[b]isoxazolo[4,5-e]pyridin-3-amine (59)
6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]isoxazolo[4,5-e]pyridin-3-amine (60) 6,6-Dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4-b]quinolin-3-annine (61)
7,8-Dihydro-5H-isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyrano[3,4-e]pyridin-3-amine (62)
6-(Methylthio)isoxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidin-3-arinine (63)
6-Methylisoxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidin-3-amine (64) 4- (Methylthio)-6-phenylisoxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidin-3-amine (65)
6-Chloro-5-fluoroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (66)
5,6-Dichloroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (67)
6-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (68)
5- (3-Methoxyprop-l-yn-l-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (69)
6- (4-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (70)
6-(4-Fluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (71)
6-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (72)
6-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (73)
6-(2-Thienyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (74)
6-(l -Methyl- l - -pyrazol-5-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (75)
6-(3-(Dimethylamino)propoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyndin-3-amine (76)
6-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine(77)
6-(2-Morpholinoethoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (78)
6-(Methylthio)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (79)
6-(Methylsulfonyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (80)
3-Aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid (81)
Methyl 3-aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-6-carboxylate (82)
6-Phenoxyisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (83)
6-(2-Chlorophenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (84)
6-(3-Chlorophenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (85)
6-(4-Chlorophenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (86)
6-(2-(Trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (87) 6-(3-(Trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (88) 6-(4-(Trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (89) 6-(2-Methoxyphenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (90)
6-(3-Methoxyphenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (91)
6-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (92)
6-(3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (93)
N6-Phenylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (94)
N6-(3-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (95) and N6-(4-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (96), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
(27). A compound as defined in any one of the preceding paragrar. (1) to (26), wherein the compound is not 5-Phenylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin- amine. (28) . A compound as defined in any one of the preceding paragraphs (1) to (27), wherein the compound is an IDOl inhibitor.
(29) . A compound as defined in any one of the preceding paragraphs (1) to (27), wherein the compound is a TDO inhibitor.
(30) . A compound as defined in any one of the preceding paragraphs (1) to (27), wherein the compound is both an IDOl inhibitor and a TDO inhibitor.
Certain compounds of the Formula I are novel. Accordingly, such compound: are provided as a further feature of the invention. By way of example, the invention further provides a compound of Formula I selected from the following:
5-Bromo-4,6-di methyl isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (1)
4,5,6-Trimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (5)
5-Chloroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (8)
4- Phenylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (13)
5- Fluoroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (14)
6- Phenylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (15)
5-Iodoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (16)
N6,N6-Dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (18)
N4,N4-Di methyl isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,4-diamine (19)
5-Chloro-N3,4,6-trimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (20)
5-Chloro-N3,N3,4,6-tetramethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (21)
5-(3-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (22)
5-(2-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (23)
5-(3-Fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (25)
5-(Pyridin-3-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (26)
5-(Pyridin-4-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (27)
2-(3-Aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenol (28)
4- (3-Aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenol (29)
5- (4-Fluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (30)
5-(3-Fluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (31)
5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (32)
5-(3,5-Difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (33) 5-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (34)
5-(2,3,4-Trichlorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (35)
5-(4-(Trifluoromethylphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (36)
5-(3-Aminophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (37)
Methyl 3-(3-aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)benzoate (38) 5-(6-Fluoropyridin-3-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (39)
5- (2-Chloro-4-(trifluoronnethyl)phenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyndin-3-annine (40)
6- Chloro-4-methylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (42)
Isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diannine (43)
5- Methylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (44)
5,6-Dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (45)
6- Methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (46)
6-Isopropylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (48)
5-Nitroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (49)
Ethyl 3-amino-6-(trifluoronnethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyndine-5-carboxylate (50)
4- Methoxyisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (51)
5- (Difluoromethoxy)-4,6-dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (52)
Ethyl 3-amino-6-nnethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate (53)
Ethyl 3-amino-6-(difluoromethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate (54) 5-Fluoro-6-morpholinoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (55)
N6-Cyclopropyl-5-fluoroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (56)
5- Fluoro-N6,N6-di methyl isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diannine (57)
6- (Furan-2-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (58)
6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]isoxazolo[4,5-e]pyridin-3-amine (60) 6,6-Dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4-b]quinolin-3-annine (61)
7,8-Dihydro-5H-isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyrano[3,4-e]pyridin-3-annine (62)
6-(Methylthio)isoxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidin-3-annine (63)
4- (Methylthio)-6-phenylisoxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidin-3-annine (65)
6-Chloro-5-fluoroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (66)
5,6-Dichloroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (67)
6-Chloro-4-(trifluoronnethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyndin-3-annine (68)
5- (3-Methoxyprop-l-yn-l-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (69)
6- (4-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (70)
6-(4-Fluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (71)
6-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (72)
6-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (73)
6-(2-Thienyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (74)
6-(l -Methyl- l - -pyrazol-5-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (75)
6-(3-(Dimethylannino)propoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (76)
6-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine(77)
6-(2-Morpholinoethoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (78)
6-(Methylthio)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (79) 6-(methylsulfonyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (80)
3-Aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid (81)
Methyl 3-aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-6-carboxylate (82)
6-Phenoxyisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (83)
6-(2-Chlorophenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyndin-3-amine (84)
6-(3-Chlorophenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (85)
6-(4-Chlorophenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (86)
6-(2-(Trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (87)
6-(3-(Trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (88)
6-(4-(Trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (89)
6-(2-Methoxyphenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (90)
6-(3-Methoxyphenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyndin-3-amine (91)
6-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (92)
6-(3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (93)
N6-Phenylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyndine-3,6-diamine (94)
N6-(3-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (95)
N6-(4-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyndine-3,6-diamine (96),
and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Other aspects of the invention may include suitable combinations of embodiments disclosed herein. Also, as will be appreciated by one of skill in the art, features and preferred embodiments of one aspect of the invention will also pertain to other aspects of the invention.
While the invention is broadly as defined above, it is not limited thereto and also includes embodiments of which the following description provides examples. The invention will now be described in more detail.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Figure 1 shows tumour volume from 0 to 16 days after treatment, for C57/BI mice inoculated sc with Lewis lung carcinoma cells transfected to express hIDOl, followed by treatment, when tumours were palpable, with Compound 3 daily at 75 mg/kg either ip or sc. Tumours were measured every second day until humane ethical endpoint was reached. Tumour volume is in mm3. N = 7 per group, indicates significance by repeated measures one-way Anova.
Figure 2 shows K:T ratios in plasma and tumours from mice with 16 day subcutaneous GL-261-hIDOl tumours (tumour size 15-20 mm), determined by analytical HPLC 0.25h, lh, 2h, 4h, 6h and 24h following treatment with 150 mg/kg Compound 3, n = 3 per time point. DMSO vehicle control group (black, n = 21) pooled from 3 mice, 0.25h, lh, 2h, 4h, 6h and 24h following treatment with DMSO. * and ** denotes significance (p <0.05, p <0.01, respectively) by one-way ANOVA and Sidak's multiple comparisons compared to DMSO controls.
Figure 3 shows survival to humane ethical end point of a study with mice with sc GL261-hID01 tumours treated with vehicle (A); Compound 3 at 75 mg/kg (B) IP daily, beginning 8 days after tumor implantation; anti-immune checkpoint antibodies (C) against anti-PDl (Top: 250 pg/mouse IP on days 8, 11 and 14 after tumor implantation) or anti-CTLA4 (Bottom : 1 mg/mouse IP 6 days after tumor implantation); or a combination (D) of Compound 3 plus immune checkpoint antibody. P-values indicate significant difference by Log-rank analysis compared to vehicle survival curves. Coloured arrowheads indicate dosing schedule.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Definitions
As used herein, the term "radiotherapy" means the use of high-energy radiation from x-rays, gamma rays, neutrons, protons, and other sources to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. Radiation may come from a machine outside the body (external-beam radiation therapy), or it may come from radioactive material placed in the body near cancer cells (internal radiation therapy). Systemic radiotherapy uses a radioactive substance, such as a radiolabeled monoclonal antibody, that travels in the blood to tissues throughout the body. The terms irradiation and radiation therapy have the same meaning.
It is to be recognised that certain compounds of the present invention may exist in one or more different enantiomeric or diastereomeric forms. It is to be understood that the enantiomeric or diastereomeric forms are included in the above aspects of the invention.
The term halo or halogen group used throughout the specification is to be taken as meaning a fluoro, chloro, bromo or iodo group.
It is to be understood that where variables of the Formula I as defined above are optionally substituted by one or more imidazolyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, azepanyl, pyrrolidinyl and azetidinyl groups that the linkage to the relevant variable may be through either one of the available nitrogen or carbon ring atoms of these groups.
It is to be understood that the term "heteroaryl" includes both monocyclic and bicyclic ring systems, unless the context requires otherwise. It is to be understood that the term "aryl" means an aromatic hydrocarbon such as phenyl or naphthyl.
It is to be understood that where a group is qualified as being "optionally substituted", this means that the group can be either (a) unsubstituted or (b) substituted by the defined substituents.
It is to be understood that where reference is made throughout the specification to a Ci-C6 alkyl or C2-C6 alkenyl group, these groups may be unbranched or branched. For example, it is intended that reference to a Ci-C6 alkyl would include a tert-butyl (Me)3C- group.
The expressions "treating cancer" and 'treatment of cancer" include methods that produce one or more anti-cancer effects which include, but are not limited to, anti-tumor effects, the response rate, the time to disease progression and the overall survival rate. "Anti-tumor" effects include but are not limited to inhibition of tumor growth, tumor growth delay, regression of tumor, shrinkage of tumor, increased time to regrowth of tumor on cessation of treatment and slowing of disease progression.
"Therapeutically effective amount" means an amount of a compound that, when administered to a subject for treating a cancer, is sufficient to effect such treatment for the cancer. The "effective amount" will vary depending on the cancer to be treated, the compound to be administered, the severity of the cancer treated, the age and relative health of the subject, the route and form of administration, whether the treatment is monotherapy or combination therapy, the judgement of the attending clinician, and other factors.
"Pharmaceutically acceptable" means: that which is useful in preparing a pharmaceutical composition that is generally safe, non-toxic, and neither biologically nor otherwise undesirable, and includes that which is acceptable for veterinary as well as human pharmaceutical use.
"Pharmaceutically acceptable salts" of a compound means salts that are pharmaceutically acceptable, as defined herein, and that possess the desired pharmacological activity of the parent compound. Such salts include:
(a) acid addition salts formed with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid and the like; or formed with organic acids such as acetic acid, methanesulfonic acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid and the like; and
(b) salts formed when an acidic proton present in the parent compound either is replaced by a metal ion, e.g. an alkali metal ion, an alkaline earth ion, or an aluminium ion; or coordinates with an organic or inorganic base. Acceptable organic bases include ethanolamine, diethanolamine, N- methylglucamine, triethanolamine and the like. Acceptable inorganic bases include aluminium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide.
"Warm blooded animal" means any member of the mammalia class including, but not limited to humans, non-human primates such as chimpanzees and other apes and monkey species, farm animals such as cattle, horses, sheep, goats, and swine; domestic animals such as rabbits, dogs and cats; laboratory animals including rodents, such as rats, mice and guinea pigs, and the like. Compounds of the invention and methods of preparing them
As defined above, in broad terms the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing compounds of the general Formula I, and the use of such compounds in therapy, and in particular cancer therapy. Compounds of Formula I have been found to be inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDOl) and/or tryptophan2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) . As such, the compounds of the present invention are expected to be useful in cancer therapy, either alone or in combination with other agents, such as anti-cancer vaccines, modulators of immune checkpoint proteins, adoptive T cell immunotherapies (for example chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART cells)), radiation therapy and other chemotherapeutic agents. The compounds of Formula I are also expected to be useful in the treatment of various other conditions besides cancer, as described in more detail in the Therapeutic Methods of the
Invention section, below.
Certain methods for preparing compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of Formula I are described below, with reference to Methods 1 to 8.
Synthetic Schemes
Certain compounds of Formula I may be prepared by reaction of an
appropriately substituted halo-cyano pyridine with acetohydroxamic acid, in the presence of a base such as potassium tertr-butoxide, potassium carbonate or cesium carbonate (Method 1). A range of solvents may be used for this reaction, including DMF, p-dioxane and /V-methylmorpholine.
Method 1
Figure imgf000025_0001
Compounds bearing alkylamino substituents and/or arylamino substituents may be prepared by displacement of an activated halogen atom with amines and/or anilines (Method 2).
Method 2
(Alkyl)NH2
or (Alkyl)2NH or
Figure imgf000025_0002
or ArylNH2 or
or ArylAlkylNH or ry y -
Compounds containing alkyl substitution on the exocyclic amino group may be prepared by reaction of the primary amine with a trialkylorthoformate, followed by reduction with an appropriate reducing agent, such as sodium borohydride (Method
3).
Method 3
Figure imgf000025_0003
Such compounds may also be prepared by reaction of the primary amine wi an alkyl aldehyde, followed by a reducing agent such as sodium cyanoborohydhde, i a reductive amination process (Method 4) .
Method 4
Figure imgf000025_0004
Compounds bearing a pendant aryl or heteroaryl (Het) substituent may be prepared by reaction of an appropriately substituted halogen- or triflate-containing substrate with suitable aryl or heteroaryl boronic acids or esters, under palladium catalysis, in a Suzuki coupling reaction (Method 5).
Method 5
Figure imgf000026_0001
Compounds bearing a pendant aryl or heteroaryl (Het) substituent may also be prepared by performing a palladium-catalysed Suzuki coupling reaction with an appropriately substituted halogen or triflate-containing chemical intermediate, and suitable aryl or heteroaryl boronic acids or esters, followed by elaboration of the resultant aryl- or heteroarylated product to the final product (Method 6).
Method 6 hal
Figure imgf000026_0002
Figure imgf000026_0003
Compounds containing alkyl and/or aryl ether-linked substituents may be prepared by displacement of an activated halogen atom by alcohols and/or phenols, the presence of a base such as sodium or sodium hydride or cesium carbonate (Method 7).
Method 7
Figure imgf000026_0004
^N^O or ArylOH or ArylO N^O
Compounds containing thioalkyl and/or thioaryl ether-linked substituents may be prepared by displacement of an activated halogen atom by thiols and/or thiophenols, in the presence of a base such as sodium or sodium hydride or cesium carbonate, or by direct reaction with the metal salt of a thiol or thiophenol. The resultant thioalkyl or thiophenol derivatives may be oxidised to their corresponding sulfoxide or sulfone derivatives with suitable oxidising reagents such as hydrogen peroxide, peracids, metal complexes and oxaziridines (Method 8).
Method 8
Figure imgf000027_0001
or ArylS02 " ^N^"0
Those persons skilled in the art will understand that by using analogous procedures to those outlined above, other compounds of the Formula I can also be prepared .
Therapeutic methods of the invention
The compounds of Formula I of the invention may be inhibitors of IDOl or TDO, or both IDOl and TDO. Compounds that are inhibitors of either IDOl or TDO, and compounds that are dual inhibitors of IDOl and TDO, are expected to be useful in cancer therapy. Accordingly, in certain embodiments, the present invention provides methods of treating cancer in warm blooded animals, including humans, by
administering to a subject in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutical composition containing a compound of Formula I.
In particular aspects of the invention, the compounds of formula I are expected to be useful in restoring tumor immunity in cancer patients. The compounds of the invention may be useful either alone, or in combination with other cancer therapies, including chemotherapeutic agents, radiation and/or immune modulating agents.
Immune modulating agents include, without limitation, anti-cancer vaccines, agents that modulate immune checkpoint proteins (such as CTLA4 and the PDl-4s) and adoptive T-cell therapies (such as CARTs). Accordingly, the compound of Formula I can be administered either alone or in combination with one or more other such therapies, either simultaneously or sequentially dependent upon the particular condition to be treated.
In particular embodiments, the compound of Formula I may be administered in combination with one or more immunotherapies selected from Ipilimumab (an inhibitor of CTLA4), Nivolumab and Lambrolizumab (both inhibitors of PD-1).
Additional chemotherapeutic agents that can be administered in combination with a compound of Formula I include but are not limited to compounds listed on the cancer chemotherapy drug regimens in the 14th Edition of the Merck Index (2006), which is hereby incorporated by reference, such as asparaginase, bleomycin, carboplatin, carmustine, chlorambucil, cisplatin, colaspase, cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, dacarbazine, dactinomycin, daunorubicin, doxorubicin (adriamycin), epirubicin, etoposide, 5-fluorouracil, hexamethylmelamine, hydroxyurea, ifosfamide, irinotecan, leucovorin, lomustine, mechlorethamine, 6-mercaptopurine, mesna, methotrexate, mitomycin C, mitoxantrone, prednisolone, prednisone, procarbazine, raloxifen, streptozocin, tamoxifen, thioguanine, topotecan, vinblastine, vincristine, and vindesine.
Additional anti-proliferative agents that can be administered in combination with a compound of Formula I include but are not limited to BCNU, CCNU, DTIC, and actinomycin D. Still further anti-proliferative agents include but are not limited to those compounds acknowledged to be used in the treatment of neoplastic diseases in Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics (Eleventh Edition), editor Molinoff et al., publ. by McGraw-Hill, pages 1225-1287 (2006), which is hereby incorporated by reference, such as aminoglutethimide, L-asparaginase, azathioprine, 5-azacytidine cladribine, busulfan, diethylstilbestrol, 2',2'-difluorodeoxycytidine, docetaxel, erythrohydroxynonyladenine, ethinyl estradiol, 5-fluorodeoxyuridine, 5- fluorodeoxyuridine monophosphate, fludarabine phosphate, fluoxymesterone, flutamide, hydroxyprogesterone caproate, idarubicin, interferon, medroxyprogesterone acetate, megestrol acetate, melphalan, mitotane, paclitaxel, pentostatin, N- phosphonoacetyl-L-aspartate (PALA), plicamycin, semustine, tenipdside, testosterone propionate, thiotepa, trimethylmelamine, uridine, and vinorelbine.
Additional anti-proliferative agents that can be administered in combination with a compound of Formula I include but are not limited to other molecular targeted agents, which block the growth of cancer cells by interfering with specific targeted molecules needed for carcinogenesis and tumour growth. Examples include small molecule protein and lipid kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, molecularly targeted humanised monoclonal antibodies and monoclonal antibody drug conjugates. Examples of such inhibitors include: Rituximab, Trastuzumab, Alemtuzumab,
Tositumomab-1131, Cetuximab, Ibritumomab tiuxetan, Bevacizumab, Panitumumab, Ofatumumab, Ipilimumab, Brentuximab vedotin, Pertuzumab, Ado-Trastuzumab emtansine, Ramucirumab, Obinutuzumab, Nivolumab, Lambrolizumab, Dinutuximab, Imatinib, Gefitinib, Erlotinib, Sorafenib, Dasatinib, Sunitinib, Lapatinib, Nilotinib, Pazopanib, Crizotinib, Ruxolitinib, Vandetanib, Vemurafenib, Axitinib, Bosutinib, Cabozantinib, Ponatinib, Regorafenib, Tofacitinib, Afatinib, Dabrafenib, Ibrutinib and Trametinib.
A wide range of cancers may be treated by the compounds of the present invention. Cancers that may be treated in accordance with the present invention include but are not limited to: colorectal cancer, cancers of the breast, melanoma, reproductive organs, respiratory tract, brain, digestive tract, urinary tract, eye, liver, skin, head and neck, thyroid, parathyroid and their distant metastases. Those disorders also include lymphomas, sarcomas, and leukemias.
Examples of breast cancer include, but are not limited to invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma, ductal carcinoma in situ, and lobular carcinoma in situ.
Examples of cancers of the respiratory tract include, but are not limited to small-cell and non-small-cell lung carcinoma, as well as bronchial adenoma and pleuropulmonary blastoma.
Examples of brain cancers include, but are not limited to brain stem and hypophthalmic glioma, cerebellar and cerebral astrocytoma, medulloblastoma, ependymoma, as well as neuroectodermal and pineal tumor.
Tumors of the male reproductive organs include, but are not limited to prostate and testicular cancer.
Tumors of the female reproductive organs include, but are not limited to endometrial, cervical, ovarian, vaginal, and vulvar cancer, as well as sarcoma of the uterus.
Tumors of the digestive tract include, but are not limited to anal, colon, colorectal, esophageal, gallblader, gastric, pancreatic, rectal, small-intestine, and salivary gland cancers.
Tumors of the urinary tract include, but are not limited to bladder, penile, kidney, renal pelvis, ureter, and urethral cancers.
Eye cancers include, but are not limited to intraocular melanoma and retinoblastoma.
Examples of liver cancers include, but are not limited to hepatocellular carcinoma (liver cell carcinomas with or without fibrolamellar variant), cholangiocarcinoma (intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma), and mixed hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma.
Skin cancers include, but are not limited to squamous cell carcinoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, malignant melanoma, Merkel cell skin cancer, and non-melanoma skin cancer.
Head-and-neck cancers include, but are not limited to
laryngeal/hypopharyngeal/nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal cancer, and lip and oral cavity cancer. Lymphomas include, but are not limited to AIDS-related lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, and lymphoma of the central nervous system.
Sarcomas include, but are not limited to sarcoma of the soft tissue, osteosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, lymphosarcoma, and
rhabdomyosarcoma. Leukemias include, but are not limited to acute myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, and hairy cell leukemia.
These disorders have been well characterized in man, but also exist with a similar etiology in other warm-blooded animals, and can be treated by the compounds of the present invention.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that a particular method of therapy will employ a selected route of administration which will in turn depend on a variety of factors, all of which are considered routinely when administering
therapeutics. It will be further appreciated by one skilled in the art that the optimal course of treatment, i.e., the mode of treatment and the daily number of doses of a compound of this invention given for a defined number of days, can be ascertained by those skilled in the art using conventional treatment tests.
Therapeutic dosages will likely be in the range of 1 mg to 30 g per day. The specific dose level selected for any particular patient will depend upon a variety of factors, including the activity of the specific compound employed, the age, body weight, general health, sex, diet, time of administration, route of administration, and rate of excretion, drug combination and the severity of the condition undergoing therapy.
Certain compounds of Formula I, as well as being inhibitors of IDOl, may also inhibit ID02. Compounds that are dual inhibitors of IDOl and ID02 are also expected to be useful in cancer therapy. Accordingly, in another aspect, the invention provides a method of inhibiting IDOl and ID02 in a a warm blooded animal in need thereof, including a human, comprising administering to the animal a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in an amount effective to inhibit IDOl and ID02.
It has been reported that compounds that are inhibitors of IDO (IDOl and ID02) and/or TDO may have efficacy not only in the treatment of cancer, but also in the treatment of a range of other diseases or conditions, for example as discussed in PCT International Publication WO 2015/082499 and the references to scientific literature referred to therein, all of which are incorporated herein by reference. For example, such compounds may be useful in the treatment of inflammatory conditions, infectious diseases, central nervous system diseases or disorders, coronary heart disease, chronic renal failure, post anaesthesia cognitive dysfunction, disease conditions or disorders relating to female reproductive health, and cataracts.
Accordingly, compounds of Formula I of the present invention may also be useful in the treatment of such diseases or conditions.
Examples of inflammatory conditions that may be treated by compounds of Formula I include conditions relating to immune B cell, T cell, dendritic cell, natural killer cell, macrophage, and /or neutrophil dysregulation.
Examples of infectious diseases that may be treated by compounds of Formula I include bacterial infections, viral infections such as gut infections, hepatitis C, sepsis, and sepsis induced hypotension.
Examples of central nervous system diseases or disorders that may be treated by compounds of Formula I include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (AML), Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, pain, psychiatric disorders including affective disorders such as depression, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and HIV related
neurocognitive decline.
An example of diseases or disorders relating to female reproductive health that may be treated by compounds of Formula I is endometriosis, and conditions relating to female reproductive health include contraception and abortion.
Pharmaceutical compositions of the invention
The invention includes pharmaceutical compositions including one or more compounds of Formula I of this invention, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
The pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, adjuvant, carrier, buffer or stabiliser should be nontoxic and should not interfere with the efficacy of the active ingredient. The precise nature of the carrier or other material will depend on the route of administration.
The compounds may be administered orally, topically, parenterally, by inhalation or spray or rectaiiy in dosage unit formulations. The term 'administration by injection' includes intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous and parenteral injections, as well as use of infusion techniques. One or more compounds may be present in association with one or more non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable carriers and if desired other active ingredients.
Compositions intended for oral use may be prepared according to any suitable method known to the art for the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions. Such compositions may contain one or more agents selected from the group consisting of diluents, sweetening agents, flavoring agents, coloring agents and preserving agents in order to provide palatable preparations. Tablets contain the active ingredient in admixture with non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable excipients which are suitable for the manufacture of tablets. These excipients may be, for example, inert diluents, such as calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, lactose, calcium phosphate or sodium phosphate; granulating and disintegrating agents, for example, corn starch, or alginic acid; and binding agents, for example magnesium stearate, stearic acid or talc. The tablets may be uncoated or they may be coated by known techniques to delay disintegration and adsorption in the gastrointestinal tract and thereby provide a sustained action over a longer period. For example, a time delay material such as glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate may be employed. These compounds may also be prepared in solid, rapidly released form.
Formulations for oral use may also be presented as hard gelatin capsules wherein the active ingredient is mixed with an inert solid diluent, for example, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate or kaolin, or as soft gelatin capsules wherein the active ingredient is mixed with water or an oil medium, for example peanut oil, liquid paraffin or olive oil.
Aqueous suspensions contain the active materials in admixture with excipients suitable for the manufacture of aqueous suspensions. Such excipients are suspending agents, for example sodium carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, sodium alginate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, gum tragacanth and gum acacia; dispersing or wetting agents may be a naturally occurring phosphatide, for example, lecithin, or condensation products or an alkylene oxide with fatty acids, for example polyoxyethylene stearate, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with long chain aliphatic alcohols, for example heptadecaethylene oxycetanol, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol such as polyoxyethylene sorbitol monooleate, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides, for example polyethylene sorbitan monooleate. The aqueous suspensions may also contain one or more preservatives, for example ethyl, or n-propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, one or more coloring agents, one or more flavoring agents, and one or more sweetening agents, such as sucrose or saccharin.
Dispersible powders and granules suitable for preparation of an aqueous suspension by the addition of water provide the active ingredient in admixture with a dispersing or wetting agent, suspending agent and one or more preservatives.
Suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents are exemplified by those already mentioned above. Additional excipients, for example, sweetening, flavoring and coloring agents, may also be present.
The compounds may also be in the form of non-aqueous liquid formulations, e.g., oily suspensions which may be formulated by suspending the active ingredients in a vegetable oil, for example arachis oil, olive oil, sesame oil or peanut oil, or in a mineral oil such as liquid paraffin. The oily suspensions may contain a thickening agent, for example beeswax, hard paraffin or cetyl alcohol. Sweetening agents such as those set forth above, and flavoring agents may be added to provide palatable oral preparations. These compositions may be preserved by the addition of an anti-oxidant such as ascorbic acid.
Pharmaceutical compositions of the invention may also be in the form of oil- in-water emulsions. The oily phase may be a vegetable oil, for example olive oil or arachis oil, or a mineral oil, for example liquid paraffin or mixtures of these. Suitable emulsifying agents may be naturally-occurring gums, for example gum acacia or gum tragacanth, naturally-occurring phosphatides, for example soy bean, lecithin, and esters or partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides, for example sorbitan monooleate, and condensation products of the said partial esters with ethylene oxide, for example polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate. The emulsions may also contain sweetening and flavoring agents.
Syrups and elixirs may be formulated with sweetening agents, for example glycerol, propylene glycol, sorbitol or sucrose. Such formulations may also contain a demulcent, a preservative, and flavoring and coloring agents. The compounds may also be administered in the form of suppositories for rectal administration of the drug. These compositions can be prepared by mixing the drug with a suitable non-irritating excipient which is solid at ordinary temperatures but liquid at the rectal temperature and will therefore melt in the rectum to release the drug . Such materials include cocoa butter and polyethylene glycols.
EXAMPLES The following examples are representative of the compounds of the invention and methods for preparing them. However, the scope of the invention is not to be taken as being limited to these examples. Synthetic Procedures
Starting materials not described explicitly were either available commercially or their synthesis has been described in the chemistry literature or the materials can be prepared by methods known to a person skilled in the art. Exemplar compounds were characterised by 1H NMR spectroscopy, APCI ionisation mass spectrometry, melting point, and combustion or HRMS analysis. Purity of the exemplar compounds was determined by HPLC analysis and found to be >95% for all compounds.
Silica gel 60 (Si02) (0.040-0.063 mm) was used for all column
chromatography.
Abbreviations NMR nuclear magnetic resonance
ESI electrospray ionisation
APCI atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation
HPLC high performance liquid chromatography
LCMS liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry HRMS high resolution mass spectrometry mp melting point
DMF dimethylformamide
EtOAc ethyl acetate
DCM dichloromethane MeOH methanol
THF tetrahydrofuran
HOAc acetic acid dppf 2-(di phenyl phosphino)ferrocene
EDCI l-Ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride TEA Triethylamine Method 1. Representative example
5-Bromo-4,6-di methyl isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (1)
Figure imgf000035_0001
To a solution of acetohydroxamic acid (0.61 g, 8.13 mmol) in dry DMF (10 ml_) under nitrogen was added potassium terf-butoxide (0.91 g, 8.14 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 20 °C for 2 hr. 5-Bromo-2-chloro-4,6- dimethylnicotinonitrile (1.00 g, 4.07 mmol) was then added and the resulting mixture was stirred at 20°C for 24 hr, then diluted with H20 (150 ml) and stirred for 1 hr. The resulting white precipitate was filtered and washed with water. The filtrate was extracted with EtOAc (30 ml_ x 3). Combined organic fractions were dried (Na2S04), and the solvent evaporated under vacuum to give further material. Both the isolated solid and the extracted material were combined and chromatographed on Si02 eluting with a 0-50 % gradient of petroleum ether/EtOAc. The column purified product was recrystallized from DCM/petroleum ether to give 5-bromo-4,6-dimethylisoxazolo[5,4- b]pyridin-3-amine (1) (0.68 g, 69% ) as a white solid, mp (DCM/petroleum ether) 208-211 °C, *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 6.24 (s, 2H, NH2), 2.66 (6H, 2 x CH3), LCMS [M + H] = 242 and 244. Calc. for C8H8BrN30: C, 36.7; H, 3.3; N, 17.4; found C, 36.9; H, 3.2, N, 17.4%.
Similarly were prepared :
Isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (2)
Figure imgf000035_0002
(2)
From 2-chloronicotinonitrile in 1,2-dimethoxyethane in 48% yield;
5-Chloro-4,6-di methyl isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (3)
Figure imgf000036_0001
(3)
From 2,5-dichloro-4,6-dimethylnicotinonitrile in 75% yield; mp
(DCM/petroleum ether) 214-216 °C. *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 6.25 (bs, 2H, NH2), 2.64 (s, 3H, CH3), 2.61 (s, 3H, CH3); LCMS [M + H] = 198; HPLC 99.8%; Anal calcd. for
C8H8CIN30: C, 48.6; H, 4.1; N, 21.4; found C, 48.8; H, 3.9, N, 21.4%.
4,6-Dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (4)
Figure imgf000036_0002
(4)
From 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylnicotinonitrile in 40% yield; mp (DCM/petroleum ether) 156-158 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 6.98 (s, 1H), 6.09 (bs, 2H, NH2), 2.57 (d, J = 0.6 Hz, 3H, CH3), 2.48 (s, 3H, CH3); HPLC 99.9%; Anal, calcd. for C8H9N30: C, 58.9; H,5.6; N, 25.5; found C,59.0; H, 5.6; N, 25.9%.
4,5,6-Trimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (5)
Figure imgf000036_0003
(5)
From 2-chloro-4,5,6-trimethylnicotinonitrile in 39% yield; mp
(DCM/petroleum ether) 204-207 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 6.04 (bs, 2H, NH2), 2.44 (s, 6H, 2 x CH3), 2.14 (s, 3H, CH3); HPLC 99.9%; Anal, calcd. for C9HuN30: C, 61.0; H, 6.3; N, 23.7; found C, 61.0; H, 6.3; N, 23.7%.
5-Bromoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (6)
Figure imgf000037_0001
(6)
From 5-bromo-2-chloronicotinonitrile in 60% yield; mp (DCM/petroleum ether) 231-234 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.63 ((d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.55 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 6.71 (bs, 2H, NH2); HPLC 99.6%; LCMS [M + H] 214 and 216; Anal, calcd. for C6H4BrN30: C, 33.7; H, 1.9; N, 19.6; found C, 33.9; H, 1.7; N, 19.5%.
6-Methylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (7)
Figure imgf000037_0002
(7)
From 2-chloro-6-methylnicotinonitrile in 40% yield; mp (DCM/ petroleum ether) 224-226 °C; HPLC 100%; LCMS [M + H] = 150; Anal, calcd. for C7H7N30: C, 56.4; H, 4.7; N, 28.2; found C; 56.6; H, 4.5; N, 28.2%.
5-Chloroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (8)
Figure imgf000037_0003
(8)
From 2,5-dichloronicotinonitrile in 79% yield; mp (DCM/petroleum ether) 257-260 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.57 (d, J=2.4 Hz, 1H), 8.42 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 6.72 (s, 2H, NH2), HPLC 99.9%; LCMS [M + H] = 170; Anal, calcd. for C6H4CIN30; C, 42.5; H, 2.4; N, 24.8; found C, 42.6; H, 2.2; N, 24.6%.
Isoxazolo[5,4-b]quinolin-3-amine (9) 2
Figure imgf000037_0004
(9) From 2-chloroquinoline-3-carbonitrile in 72% yield; mp (DCM/petroleum ether) 261-263 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.93 (s, IH), 8.16 (dd, J=8.3, 1.0 Hz, IH), 7.99 (d, J=8.6 Hz, IH), 7.87 (ddd, J=8.5, 6.8, 1.4 Hz, IH), 7.59 (ddd, J=8.1, 6.8, 1.1 Hz, IH), 6.89 (s, 2H, NH2). HPLC 99.6%; Anal, calcd. for Ci0H7N3O; C, 64.9; H, 3.8; N, 22.7; C, 65.0; H, 3.7; N, 22.7%.
5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4-b]quinolin-3-amine (10)
Figure imgf000038_0001
(10)
From 2-chloro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline-3-carbonitrile in 61% yield; mp (DCM/MeOH) 236-239 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 7.92 (s, IH), 6.46 (bs, 2H, NH2), 2.88 (t, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 2.83 (t, J=6.2 Hz, 2H), 1.87-1.74 (m, 4H); HPLC 100%; LCMS [M + H]= 190; Anal, calcd. for Ci0HuN3O: C, 63.5; H, 5.9; N, 22.2; found C, 63.6; H, 5.9, N, 22.2%.
6-Chloroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (11)
Figure imgf000038_0002
(11)
From 2,6-dichloronicotinonitrile in 2% yield; mp (DCM/MeOH) 238-241°C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.33 (d, J=8.1 Hz, IH), 7.48 (d, J=8.1 Hz, IH), 6.76 (bs, 2H, NH2); LCMS [M + H] = 170; HPLC 99.9%, Anal, calcd. for C6H4CIN03: C, 42.5; H, 2.4; N, 24.8; found C, 42.7; H, 2.3; N, 24.7%.
Isoxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidin-3-amine (12)
Figure imgf000038_0003
(12)
From 4-chloropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile in 1,4-dioxane in 15% yield; mp (DCM/petroleum ether) >295 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 9.29 (s, IH), 9.08 (s, IH ), 7.00 (bs, 2H, NH2); LCMS [M + H] = 137; HPLC 96.0%; Anal, calcd. for C5H4N40; C, 44.1 ; H, 3.0; N, 41.2; found C, 44.3; H, 2.9; N, 40.9%.
4-Phenylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (13)
Figure imgf000039_0001
(13)
From 2-chloro-4-phenylnicotinonitrile in 1,2-dimethoxyethane in 26.6% yield; mp (DCM/petroleum ether) 196-199 °C ; LCMS [M + H] = 212; HPLC 99.7%; Anal, calcd. for Ci2H9N30 : C, 68.2; H, 4.3; N, 19.9; found C, 68.4; H, 4.2; N, 20.0%.
5-Fluoroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (14) 2
Figure imgf000039_0002
(14)
From 2-chloro-5-fluoronicotinonitrile in 1,2-dimethoxyethane in 45% yield; mp (DCM/petroleum ether) 223-226 °C; LCMS [M + H] = 154; HPLC 99.8%; Anal, calcd. for C6H4FN30 : C, 47.1 ; H, 2.6; N, 27.4 found C, 47.3; H, 2.5 N, 27.7%. 6-Phenylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (15) 2
Figure imgf000039_0003
(15)
From 2-chloro-6-phenylnicotinonitrile in 48% yield; mp (DCM/ petroleum ether) 236-238 °C; LCMS [M + H] = 212; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.36 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 8.17- 8.14 (m, 2H), 7.97 (d, J=8.27 Hz, 1H); 7.56-7.48 9 (m, 3H), 6.65 (s, 2H, NH2); HPLC 100%; Anal, calcd. for Ci2H9N30 : C, 68.2; H, 4.3; N, 19.9; found C,68.3; H, 4.2; N , 19.8%. 5-Iodoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (16)
Figure imgf000040_0001
(16)
From 2-chloro-5-iodonicotinonitrile in 35% yield; mp (DCM/MeOH) 243- 246°C; LCMS [M + H] = 262; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.69 (2xd, J=2.1 Hz, 2H), 6.68 (bs, 2H, NH2); HPLC 99.9%; Anal, calcd. for C6H4IN30: C, 27.6; H, 1.5; N; 16.1; found C, 27.7; H, 1.6; N, 16.0%.
Isoxazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-3-amine (17)
Figure imgf000040_0002
(17)
From 4-chloronicotinonitrile in 11% yield; mp (DCM/MeOH) 189-192°C; LCMS [M + H] = 136; HPLC 99.7%. HRMS (ESI+) calcd. for C6H6N30 136.0505; found
136.0502.
6-Chloro-4-methylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (42)
Figure imgf000040_0003
(42)
From 2,6-dichloro-4-methylnicotinonitrile, mp 225-228 °C; *H NMR
[(CD3)2SO] δ 7.28 (s, 1H), 6.33 (br s, 2H, NH2), 2.63 (s, 3H, CH3); HPLC 99.3%; LCMS found : [M + H] = 184, 186.
Isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (43) ,
Figure imgf000041_0001
(43)
From 6-amino-2-chloronicotinonitrile, mp 205-208 °C; H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 7.71 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, I H), 6.70 (br s, 2H, NH2), 6.31 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, I H), 6.08 (br s, 2H, NH2); HPLC 99.0%; LCMS found : [M + H] = 151.
5-Methylisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (44) 2
Figure imgf000041_0002
(44)
From 5-methyl-2-chloronicotinate, mp 232-234 °C; γ \ NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.35 (d, J = 1.2 Hz, I H), 8.07 (d, J = 1.2 Hz, I H), 6.57 (br s, 2H, NH2), 2.39 (s, 3H, CH3) ; HPLC 96.4%. LCMS found : [M + H] = 150.
5,6-Dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (45)
Figure imgf000041_0003
(45) From 2-chloro-5,6-dimethylnicotinonitrile, mp 263-266 °C; W NMR
[(CD3)2SO] δ 7.95 (s, I H), 6.47 (br s, 2H, NH2), 2.49 (s, 3H, CH3), 2.31 (s, 3H, CH3); HPLC 99.1%; LCMS found : [M + H] = 164.
6-Methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (46)
Figure imgf000041_0004
(46) From 2-chloro-6-methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinonitrile, mp 112-114 °C; 1H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 7.70 (s, IH), 6.07 (br s, 2H, NH2), 2.68 (s, 3H, CH3); HPLC 97.7%. LCMS found : [M + H] = 218.
6-(Trifluoromethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (47)
Figure imgf000042_0001
(47)
From 2-chloro-6-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinonitrile in 31% yield, mp
(DCM/MeOH) 226-228 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO]5 8.60 (d, J = 7.90 Hz, IH), 7.90 (d, J = 7.90 Hz, IH), 6.93 (brs 2H); Anal, calcd. for C7H4F3N3O : C, 41.4, H, 2.0; N, 20.7; found C, 41.4, H, 1.8; N, 20.5%.
6-Isopropylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (48) 2
Figure imgf000042_0002
(48)
From 2-chloro-6-isopropylnicotinonitrile in 79% yield, mp (DCM/pet. ether) 165-168 °; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.18 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, IH), 7.26 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, IH), 6.53 (brs, 2H), 3.11 ( sp, J = 6.9 Hz, IH), 1.25 (d, J = 6.9 Hz, 6H); Anal, calcd. for C9H UN3O : C, 61.0; H, 6.3 N, 23.7; found C, 61.2; H, 6.4; N, 23.5%
5-Nitroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (49)
Figure imgf000042_0003
(49) From 5-nitro-2-chloronicotinonitrile, mp >290 °C; H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 9.37 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, IH), 9.27 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, IH), 7.06 (br s, 2H, NH2); HPLC 99.8%. LCMS found : [M + H] = 181.
Ethyl 3-amino-6-(trifluoromethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate (50)
Figure imgf000043_0001
(50)
From ethyl 6-chloro-5-cyano-2-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinate, mp 177-180 °C; NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.95 (s, IH), 7.08 (br s, 2H, NH2), 4.40 (q, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H, OCH2). 1.34 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 3H, CH3); HPLC 99.1%. LCMS found : [M + H] = 276.
4-Methoxyisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (51)
Figure imgf000043_0002
(51)
From 2-chloro-4-methoxynicotinonitrile, mp 241-243 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.35 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, IH), 6.91 (d, J = 5.9 Hz, IH), 6.17 (br s, 2H, NH2), 3.99 (s, 3H); HPLC 97.6%. LCMS found : [M + H] = 166.
5-(Difluoromethoxy)-4,6-dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyndin-3-amine (52)
Figure imgf000043_0003
(52)
From 2-chloro-5-(difluoromethoxy)-4,6-dimethylnicotinonitrile, mp 151- 153 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 7.05 (t, J = 74 Hz, IH), 6.23 (br s, 2H, NH2), 2.54 (s, 3H), 2.51 (s, 3H); HPLC 99.7%. LCMS found : [M + H] = 230.
Ethyl 3-amino-6-methylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate (53)
Figure imgf000044_0001
(53)
From ethyl 6-chloro-5-cyano-2-methylnicotinate, mp 178-180 °C; H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.86 (s, 1H), 6.81 (br s, 2H, NH2), 4.35 (q, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H, OCH2), 2.80 (s, 3H, CH3), 1.36 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H, CH3j; HPLC 99.6%. LCMS found : [M + H] = 222.
Ethyl 3-amino-6-(difluoromethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate (54)
Figure imgf000044_0002
(54)
From ethyl 6-chloro-5-cyano-2-(difluoromethyl)nicotinate, mp 158-160 °C; 1H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 9.05 (s, 1H), 7.59 (t, J = 53 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (br s, 2H, NH2), 4.39 (q, J = 6.8 Hz, 2H, OCH2), 1.37 (t, J = 6.8 Hz, 3H, CH3j; HPLC 99.1%. LCMS found :
[M + H] = 258.
5-Fluoro-6-morpholinoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (55)
Figure imgf000044_0003
(55)
From 2-chloro-5-fluoro-6-morpholinonicotinonitrile, mp 168-170 °C; 1H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 7.86 (d, J = 12.8 Hz, 1H), 6.33 (br s, 2H, NH2), 3.72 (br s, 4H, CH20), 3.51 (br s, 4H, CH2N); HPLC 98.0%. LCMS found : [M + H] = 239.
N6-Cyclopropyl-5-fluoroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (56)
Figure imgf000045_0001
(56)
From 2-chloro-6-(cyclopropylamino)-5-fluoronicotinonitrile, mp 182-184 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 7.66 (d, J = 12.9 Hz, 1H), 7.63 (br s, 1H, NH), 6.14 (br, 2H, NH2), 2.75 (m, 1H, CHN), 0.73 (m, 2H, CH2), 0.56 (m, 2H, CH2); HPLC 99.4%. LCMS found : [M + H] = 209.
5-Fluoro-N6,N6-di methyl isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (57)
Figure imgf000045_0002
(57)
From 2-chloro-6-(dimethylamino)-5-fluoronicotinonitrile, mp 186-189 °C; 1H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 7.74 (d, J = 13.2 Hz, 1H), 5.76 (br, 2H, NH2), 3.11 (s, 6H, NMe2); HPLC 96.2%. LCMS found : [M + H] = 197.
6-(Furan-2-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (58)
Figure imgf000045_0003
(58)
From 2-chloro-6-(furan-2-yl)nicotinonitrile, mp 269-272 °C; H NMR
[(CD3)2SO] δ 8.31 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.93 (d, J = 1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.72 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (d, J = 3.2 Hz, 1H), 6.72 (dd, J = 3.2, 1.2 Hz, 1H), 6.64 (br s, 2H, NH2). HPLC 98.7%. LCMS found : [M + H] = 202.
6,7-Dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[b]isoxazolo[4,5-e]pyridin-3-amine (59)
Figure imgf000046_0001
(59)
From 2-chloro-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta [b] pyridine-3-carbonitrile, mp 217- 220 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 7.99 (s, 1 H), 6.47 (br s, 2H, NH2), 2.94 (m, 4H), 2.13 (m, 2H) ; HPLC 99.4%. LCMS found : [M + H] = 176.
6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b] isoxazolo[4,5-e] pyridin-3-amine (60)
Figure imgf000046_0002
(60)
From 2-chloro-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b] pyridine-3-carbonitrile, mp 210-212 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 7.94 (s, 1 H), 6.47 (br s, 2H, NH2), 3.02 (d, J =4.0 Hz, 2H), 2.87 (d, J =4.1 Hz, 2H), 1.83 (m, 2H), 1.61 (m, 4H) ; H PLC 96.6%. LCMS found : [M + H] = 204.
6,6-Dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4-b]quinolin-3-amine (61)
Figure imgf000046_0003
(61)
From 2-chloro-6,6-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline-3-carbonitrile, mp 203-205 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 7.90 (s, 1 H), 6.49 (br s, 2H, NH2), 2.62 (s, 2H), 2.06 (t, J = 6.9 Hz, 2H), 1.65 (t, J = 6.9 Hz, 2H), 0.97 (s, 6H) ; HPLC 99.1%. LCMS found : [M + H] = 218.
7,8-Dihydro-5H-isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyrano[3,4-e] pyridin-3-amine (62)
Figure imgf000046_0004
(62)
From 2-chloro-7,8-dihydro-5H-pyrano[4,3-b]pyridine-3-carbonitrile, mp 248- 250 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 7.94 (s, 1H), 6.57 (br s, 2H, NH2), 4.81 (s, 2H), 4.00 (m, 2H), 2.97 (m, 2H); HPLC 97.8%. LCMS found : [M + H] = 192.
6-(Methylthio)isoxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidin-3-annine (63)
Figure imgf000047_0001
(63)
From 4-chloro-2-(methylthio)pyrinnidine-5-carbonitrile, mp >310 °C; 1H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 9.05 (s, 1H), 6.92 (br s, 2H, NH2), 2.56 (s, 3H, SCH3); HPLC 99.9%. LCMS found : [M + H] = 183.
6-Methylisoxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidin-3-amine (64)
Figure imgf000047_0002
(64)
From 4-chloro2-methylpyrimidine-5-carbonitrile, mp 180-182 °C; 1H NMR (CD3OD) δ 9.10 (s, 1H), 2.78 (s, 3H, CH3); HPLC 97.9%. LCMS found : [M + H] = 151.
4-(Methylthio)-6-phenylisoxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidin-3-amine (65)
Figure imgf000047_0003
(65)
From 4-chloro-6-(methylthio)-2-phenylpyrimidine-5-carbonitnle, mp 230- 233°C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.48 (m, 2H), 7.57 (m, 3H), 6.37 (br s, 2H, NH2), 2.84 (s, 3H, SCH3); HPLC 98.3%. LCMS found : [M + H] = 259. 6-Chloro-5-fluoroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (66)
Figure imgf000048_0001
(66)
To a solution of acetohydroxamic acid (589 mg, 7.85 mmol) in N- methylmorpholine (10 ml.) at 20°C was added dry K2C03 (1.08 g, 7.83 mmol) and the mixture was stirred for 1 hr at this temperature. This mixture was cooled in ice and 2,6-dichloro-5-fluoronicotinonitrile (1.00 g, 5.24 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was allowed to warm up slowly to 20°C and stirred at this temperature for 3 days. The reaction mixture was then diluted with H20 and basified with K2CO3 , extracted into EtOAc and dried (Na2S04 ). Evaporation of the solvents gave a semisolid, which was chromatographed (Si02/X4/EtOAc, 0-20%). The fractions with the correct mass were combined and the solvents were evaporated. The resulting residue was triturated with DCM and MeOH to give (66) (2.0 mg, 0.2% yield), mp 243-245 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.32 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 6.77 (brs, 2H); HPLC 99.4%; Anal, calcd. for C6H3CIFN3O.0.25 MeOH : C, 38.38, H, 2.06; N, 21.49; found C, 38.32; H, 1.85, N, 21.54%.
5,6-Dichloroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (67)
Figure imgf000048_0002
N-methylmorpholine
-10 °C-Rt (67)
From 2,5,6-trichloronicotinonitrile and acetohydroxamic acid in N- methylmorpholine at room temperature for 3 days to give 67 (3% yield). 1H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.58 (s, 1H), 6.82 (brs, 2H), HPLC 96.5%, LCMS [M + H] = 204/206.
6-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (68)
Figure imgf000048_0003
A neat mixture of 2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)nicotinonitrile (102 mg, 0.42 mmol) and acetohydroxamic acid (315 mg 4.2 mmol) was heated to 120 °C for 20 hr. The cooled reaction mixture was then diluted with H20, basified with K2C03, extracted into EtOAc, and the solution dried (Na2S04). Evaporation of the solvents and the chromatography of the residue (Si02/pet. ether/EtOAc 0-20%) gave 68 (4.0 mg, 4% yield), *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 7.95 (d, J = 0.6 Hz, 1H), 6.24 (brs, 2H), HPLC 99.5%, LCMS [M + H] = 238.
5-(3-Methoxyprop-l-yn-l-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (69)
Figure imgf000049_0001
2-Chloro-5-iodonicotinonitrile (277 mg, 1.05 mmol), Cul (19.8 mg, 0.104 mmol) and PdCI2(PPh3)2 (44 mg, 0.022 mmol) in DMF (6.0 ml) and Et3N (6.0 ml) was degassed with N2 in a sealed tube, then methylpropargyl ether (1.1 ml, 910 mg, 13 mmol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at 20°C for 2 hr. The reaction mixture was diluted with H20, extracted into EtOAc and dried (Na2S04). Evaporation of the solvents and chromatography of the residue on Si02/pet. ether/EtOAc (0-10%) gave 2-chloro-5-(3-methoxyprop-l-yn-l-yl)nicotinonitrile (103 mg, 47.4%); 1H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.80 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.67 (d, J = 2.3 Hz, 1H), 4.39 (s, 2H), 3.59 (s, 3H), LCMS [M + H] = 207. Further elution with 20% pet. ether/EtOAc gave the bis- addition product
2,5-bis((3-methoxyprop-l-yn-l-yl)oxy)nicotinonitrile (100 mg, 40%). H NMR
[(CD3)2SO] δ 8.90 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H), 8.56 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H), 4.49 (s, 2H), 4.40 (s,
2H), 3.39 (s, 3H), 3.35 (s, 3H), LCMS [M + H] = 241.
Similar ring closure of 2-chloro-5-(3-methoxyprop-l-yn-l-yl)nicotinonitrile in
DMF with acetohydroxamic acid and KO'Bu gave 69 in 24% yield, mp (DCM/pet. ether) 183-186 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.61 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H), 8.42 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H),
6.70 (brs, 2H), 4.37( s, 2H), 3.37 (s, 3H); HPLC 99.9%; LCMS [M + H] = 204, Anal. calcd for C9H9N302: C, 59.1, H, 4.5, N, 20.7; found C, 59.2, H, 4.3; N, 20.7%.
Method 2. Representative example
N6,N6-Dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (18)
Figure imgf000050_0001
(18)
To a solution of 6-chloroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine in THF ( 15 ml) was added a 40% aqueous solution of dimethylamine (2 ml_). The reaction mixture was stirred for 4 days at 20 °C. The excess solvent was removed under vacuum and the resulting precipitate was filtered and the solid was collected. Extraction of the filtrate with EtOAc (20 ml_ x 3) gave further material. The combined product was
chromatographed on Si02 eluting with a 0-75% gradient of petroleum ether/EtOAc to give N6,N6-dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (18) (81 mg; 77%) as a white solid; mp (DCM/petroleum ether) 238-241 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 7.85 (d, J=8.8 Hz, IH), 6.57 (d, J=8.8 Hz, IH), 1.13 (s, 2H, NH2); 3.09 [s, 6H, N(CH3)2]- LCMS [M + H] = 179; HPLC 99.7%; Anal, calcd. for C8Hi0N4O : C, 53.9; H, 5.7; N, 31.4; found C, 54.1; H, 5.6; N, 31.5%.
Similarly was prepared
N4,N4-Di methyl isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,4-diamine (19)
Figure imgf000050_0002
From 4-chloroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine in 74% yield, mp (DCM/MeOH) 218-220 °C; LCMS [M + H] = 179; HPLC 99.9%. HRMS (ESI+) calcd. for C7HuN40
179.0927; found 179.0926. Method 2. Further examples
General experimental procedure
Figure imgf000050_0003
To a solution of A ( 1.0 eq) in DMSO was added B (2.0 eq) and KF (3.0 eq) and the resulting mixture was heated in a microwave reactor at 150°C for 2 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with water and brine, dried over anhyd rous Na2S04, filtered and concentrated . The residue was purified by prep. TLC (CH2CI2 / MeOH = 20 / 1) to give the desired product.
The following compounds were prepared using the method described above :
Figure imgf000051_0002
Method 3. Representative example
5-Chloro-N3,4,6-trimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-ami ne (20)
Figure imgf000051_0001
A mixture of 5-chloro-4,6-dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (0.21 mg, 1.05 mmol) in trimethylorthoformate (3 mL) was refluxed for 20 hr. The excess trimethylorthoformate was removed under vacuum and the residue was dissolved in ethanol ( 10 mL) and treated with NaBH4 (284 mg, 7.7 mmol) and the mixture stirred at 20 °C for 3 hr, then at 50 °C for 20 hr. The reaction mixture was concentrated and the residue was stirred in H20 (50 mL) . The resulting precipitate was filtered and washed with more water. The collected solid was purified by column chromatography on Si02, eluting with a gradient of 0-40% of petroleum ether/EtOAc. Recrystallizations from DCM/petroleum ether, then petroleum ether/ EtOAc and finally MeOH/H20 gave the product, 5-chloro-N3,4,6-trimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (20) (50 mg, 22.5%) ; mp 167- 170 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 6.53 [(q, J=4.4 Hz 1 H, N - (CH3)], 2.82 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 3H, NCH3) ; 2.62 (s, 3H, CH3), 2.60 (s, 3H, CH3); LCMS [M + H] = 212.5; HPLC 97.5%; Anal , calcd . for C9H10CIN3O : C, 51.1 ; H, 4.8; N, 19.8; found C, 51.0; H, 4.5; N, 19.9%.
Method 4. Representative example
5-Chloro-N3,N3,4,6-tetramethylisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (21)
Figure imgf000052_0001
To a suspension of 5-chloro-4,6-dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (0.10 g, 0.506 mmol) in HOAc ( 5 mL) was added paraformaldehyde (0.65 g, 7.2 mmol) and NaBH3CN (0.45 g, 7.2 mmol) . The reaction mixture was heated to 100°C for 2 hr, cooled and . basified with aq K2C03. The resulting precipitate was filtered, washed with H20 and chromatographed on Si02 eluting with a gradient of 0-75% petroleum ether/DCM to give 5-chloro-N3,N3,4,6-tetramethylisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin- 3-amine (21) (45 mg ; 39%) ; mp (DCM/petroleum ether) 112- 113 °C; *H NMR
[(CD3)2SO] δ 2.90 [s, 6H, N(CH3)2], 2.65 (s, 3H, CH3), 2.63 (s, 3H, CH3) ; LCMS
[M + H] = 226.5; HPLC 98.3%; Anal , calcd . for Ci0H12CIN3O : C, 53.2; H, 5.4; N, 18.6; found C, 53.1 ; H, 5.3; N, 18.5%.
Method 5. Representative example
5-(3-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (22)
Figure imgf000053_0001
A mixture of 5-bromoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (0.16 g, 0.76 mmol), (3-methoxyphenyl)boronic acid (0.23 g, 152 mmol)and 2M K2HP04 (3 ml_), in 1,4- dioxane (6 mL) was degassed with N2. PdCI2(dppf) (50 mg, 9 %mol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred and heated at 70 °C overnight. Dioxane was evaporated under vacuum and the residue was partitioned between water and EtOAc. The combined organic extracts were dried (Na2S04) and the solvent evaporated. The residue was chromatographed on silica, eluting with a gradient of 0-30% of petroleum ether/EtOAc to give 5-(3-methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (22) (66 mg, 36%), mp (EtOAc/petroleum ether) 200-202 °C, *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.83 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 8.59 (d, J=2.3 Hz, 1H), 7.45 (t, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.28-7.26 (m, 2H), 7.02-7.03 (m, 1H), 7.00-6.99 (m, 1H), 6.68 (s, 2H, NH2), 3.85 (s, 3H, OCH3), LCMS [M + H] = 242, HPLC: 98.2%, Anal, calcd. for Ci3HuN302: C, 64.7; H, 4.6; N, 17.4; found C, 64.7; H, 4.6, N, 17.4%
Similarly were prepared :
5-(2-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (23)
Figure imgf000053_0002
(23)
From (2-methoxyphenyl)boronic acid in 19% yield; mp (DCM/petroleum ether) 191-193 °C; HPLC 98.6%: HRMS (ESI+) calcd. for Ci3Hi2N302 242.0924; found 242.0928.
5-Phenylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (24)
Figure imgf000054_0001
(24)
From 5-bromoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine and phenylboronic acid in 13% yield; mp (DCM/MeOH) 249-252 °C; LCMS [M + H] = 212; HPLC 99.3%. Anal, calcd. for C7H9N3O.I/4 H20; C, 67.5; H, 4.4; N, 19.7; found; C, 67.4; H, 4.2; N, 19.8%
5-(3-Fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (25)
Figure imgf000054_0002
(25)
From (3-fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)boronic acid in 18% yield; mp (DCM/MeOH) 258-261 °C; LCMS [M + H] = 260; HPLC 99.6%; Anal. calc. for Ci3H10FN3O: C, 60.2; H, 4.0; N, 16.2; found C, 60.1; H, 3.8; N, 16.2%.
5-(Pyridin-3-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (26)
Figure imgf000054_0003
(26) From 3-pyridylboronic acid in 6% yield; mp (MeOH) 239-242 °C; HPLC
98.8%; HRMS (ESI+) calcd. for C11H9N4O 213.0771; found 213.0779.
5-(Pyridin-4-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (27)
Figure imgf000054_0004
(27) From 4-pyridylboronic acid in 6% yield; mp (DCM/MeOH) 291-294 °C; HPLC 98.6%; HRMS (ESI+); calcd. for CuH9N40 213.0771 ; found 213.0774.
2-(3-Aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenol (28)
Figure imgf000055_0001
(28)
From (2-hydroxyphenyl)boronic acid in 4% yield; mp (MeOH/H20) 208-211 °C; HPLC 95.7%; HRMS (ESI+) calcd. for Ci2H10N3O2 228.0768; found 228.0771.
4-(3-Aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenol (29)
Figure imgf000055_0002
(29)
From (4-hydroxyphenyl)boronic acid in 4% yield; mp (MeOH) 272-275 °C; HPLC 99.6%. HRMS (ESI+) calcd. for Ci2H10N3O2 228.0768; found 228.0763.
5-(4-Fluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (30)
Figure imgf000055_0003
From (4-fluorophenyl)boronic acid in 16% yield; mp (MeOH) 235-238 °C; HPLC 99.6%; Anal, calcd. for Ci2H8FN30 : C, 62.9; H, 3.5; N, 18.3; found C, 62.3; H, 3.4; N, 18.3%.
5-(3-Fluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (31)
Figure imgf000056_0001
(31)
From (3-fluorophenyl)boronic acid in 38% yield; mp (MeOH) 233-236°C; HPLC 98.4%; Anal, calcd. for Ci2H8FN30: C, 62.9; H, 3.5; N, 18.3; found C, 62.5; H, 3.5; N, 18.1%.
5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine
Figure imgf000056_0002
(32)
From (2,4-difluorophenyl)boronic acid in 18% yield; mp (MeOH) 258-261 °C; HPLC 99.5%; Anal, calcd. for Ci2H7F2N30: C, 58.3; H, 2.8; N, 17.0; found C, 58.2; H, 2.7; N, 16.9%.
5-(3,5-Difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (33)
Figure imgf000056_0003
(33) From (3,5-difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)boronic acid in 5% yield; mp (MeOH)
210-211°C; HPLC 99%; HRMS (ESI+) calcd. for Ci3Hi0F2N3O2 278.0737; found 278.0736.
5-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (34)
Figure imgf000056_0004
(34)
From (2,4-dichlorophenyl)boronic acid in 5% yield; mp (petroleum
ether/EtOAc) 233-236 °C; HPLC 97%; Anal, calcd. for C12H7CI2N3O; C 51.4; H, 2.5; N, 15.0; found C, 51.3; H, 2.6; N, 14.8%.
5-(2,3,4-Trichlorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (35)
Figure imgf000057_0001
(35)
From (2,3,4-trichlorophenyl)boronic acid in 3% yield; mp (DCM/MeOH) 250- 153 °C; HPLC 97.5% LCMS [M + H] 314 and 316. HRMS (ESI+) calcd. for C12H7CI3N3O 313.9648; found 313.9649.
5-(4-(Trifluoromethylphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (36)
Figure imgf000057_0002
(36)
From (4-trifluoromethylphenyl)boronic acid in 17% yield; mp (MeOH) 267- 270 °C; HPLC 99.9%; LCMS (M + H) 281; Anal, calcd. for Ci3H8F3N30: C, 55.9; H, 3.0; N, 15.0; found C, 55.8; H, 2.8; N, 15.0%.
5-(3-Aminophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (37)
Figure imgf000057_0003
(37) From (3-aminophenyl)boronic acid in 83% yield; mp (MeOH/H20) 220-221 °C;
HPLC 96.0%; LCMS (M + H) 227; Anal, calcd. for Ci2H10N4O : C, 63.7; H, 4.5; N, 24.8; C, 64, H, 4.5; N, 24.5%. Methyl 3-(3-aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)benzoate (38)
Figure imgf000058_0001
(38)
From (3-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)boronic acid in 28% yield; mp (MeOH) 221-223 °C; HPLC 98.2%; LCMS (M + H) 270; Anal, calcd. for C14H11N3O3 : C, 62.4; H, 4.1; N, 15.6; found C, 62.1; H, 4.1 ; N, 15.6%.
5-(6-Fluoropyridin-3-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (39)
Figure imgf000058_0002
(39)
From (6-fluoropyridin-3-yl)boronic acid in 37% yield; mp (MeOH) 278-281 HPLC 99.4%; HRMS (ESI+) calcd. for CuH8FN40 231.0677; found 231.0680.
5-(2-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyndin-3-amine (40)
Figure imgf000058_0003
(40) From (2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)boronic acid in 8.2% yield; mp
(MeOH) 195-198 °C; LCMS [M + H] = 314; HPLC 98.5%; Anal, calcd. for C13H7CI F3N3O : C, 49.2; H, 2.2; N, 13.4; found C, 49.7; H, 2.1 ; N, 13.3%.
Method 6. Representative procedure and further examples
6-(4-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (70)
Figure imgf000059_0001
Figure imgf000059_0002
Figure imgf000059_0003
(70)
A mixture of 2,6-dichloronicotinic acid (1.0 g, 5.21 mmol), 4- methoxyphenylboronic acid (0.96 g, 1.15 mmol, 1.2 eq) K2C03 (2.5 g, 3.5 eq) in dimethoxyethane (6 ml), EtOH (6 ml) and H20 (6 ml) was degassed with N2, then
Pd(dppf)CI2 (180 mg) was added and the reaction mixture was refluxed 2 hr under N2. The mixture was evaporated to dryness and the resulting solid was stirred in EtOAc and filtered. The collected solid was dissolved in a small amount of water and the solution was carefully acidified with 2M HCI. The resulting precipitate was filtered and the mother liquor was further extracted with EtOAc and dried (Na2S04). Evaporation of the solvent gave further material . Both solids were combined and recrystallized from MeOH/DCM to give 2-chloro-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)nicotinic acid (196 mg, 16%); *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 13.62 (br , 1H, C02H), 8.25 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 8.09 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 8.03 (s, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.09 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 3.84 (s, 3H, OCH3). This was used directly without further purification.
A mixture of 2-chloro-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)nicotinic acid (196 mg, 0.74 mmol) and SOCI2 (10 ml) with a trace of DMF was refluxed for 2 h. The excess SOCI2 was removed under vacuum and the resulting residue was dissolved in dry 1,4- dioxane and cooled in ice . Aqueous NH3 (10 ml) was added and the solution was stirred for 20 h at room temperature. The solvent was removed under vacuum and the resulting precipitate was filtered, washed with water and dried to give 2-chloro-6-(4- methoxyphenyl)nicotinamide (153 mg 78%); *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.05 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 8.01 (brs, 1 H), 7.98-7.91 (m, 2H), 7.73 (brs, 1H), 7.07 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 3.83 (s, 3 H). This was used directly without further purification.
2-Chloro-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)nicotinamide (153 mg, 0.58 mmol) was refluxed in a mixture of toluene (3 ml_) and POCI3 (0.5 ml) for 1 hr. The reaction mixture was cooled to 20°C and carefully basified with aq. K2C03 and extracted with EtOAc, then dried (Na2S04). Evaporation of the solvent and chromatography of the residue (SiO2/0-20% pet. ether/EtOAc) gave 2-chloro-6-(4- methoxyphenyl)nicotinonitrile (120 mg, 84%); *H NMR (CDCI3) δ 8.03 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 2H), 7.96 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.70 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.01 (d, J = 9.0 Hz, 2H), 3.89 (s, 3H). This was used without further purification.
Ring closure of 2-chloro-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)nicotinonitrile using
acetohydroxamic acid and KO'Bu in DMF, according to general Method 1 gave (70) in 57% yield, mp (DCM/MeOH) 249-252 °C, *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.29 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 8.12 (brd, J = 9.0 Hz, 2H), 7.90 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.08 (brd, J = 9.0 Hz, 2H), 6.60 (s, 2H, NH2), 3.84 (s, 3H, OCH3); HPLC 96.4%; LCMS [M + H] = 242.5; Anal, calcd. for Ci3HuN302: C, 64.7; H, 4.6, N, 17.4; found C, 64.4; H, 4.4; N, 17.4%.
6-(4-Fluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (71)
Figure imgf000060_0001
Figure imgf000060_0002
(71) Similar Suzuki coupling of 2,6-dichloronicotinic acid with (4- fluorophenyl)boronic acid gave 2-chloro-6-(4-fluorofluorophenyl)nicotinic acid in 49% yield; NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 13.72 (br s,lH), 8.31 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 8.19 (br dd, J = 9.0, 5.5 Hz, 1H), 8.10 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (t, J = 8.9 Hz, 1H), This was used directly without further purification.
Reaction of 2-chloro-6-(4-fluorophenyl)nicotinic acid with thionyl chloride followed by reaction with aq. NH3 gave 2-chloro-6-(4-fluorophenyl)nicotinamide; 1H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.17-8.13 (m, 2H), 8.05-8.36 ( m, 2H), 7.98 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (br s, 1 H), 7.38-7.34 (m, 2H) . This was refluxed in POCI3/toluene to give 2- chloro-6-(4-fluorophenyl)nicotonitrile in 83% yield over two steps; H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.55 (d, J = 8. 2 Hz, 1H), 8.26-8.21 (m, 3H), 7.43-7.37 (m, 2H) .
Reaction of 2-chloro-6-(4-fluorophenyl)nicotonitrile with acetohydroxamic acid and KO'Bu in DMF gave (71) in 21% yield, MP (DCM/pet. ether) 265-268 °C; 1 H NMR [(CD3)2SO]5 8.35 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 8.22 (dd, J = 9.0, 5.5 Hz, 2H), 7.96 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1 H), 7.37 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 6.65 (s, 2H) ; HPLC 99.8%; Anal calc. for Ci2H8FN30; C, 61.7; H, 3.7; N, 18.0; found C, 61.8; H, 3.6; N, 18.1%.
6-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (72)
Figure imgf000061_0001
(72)
Similar Suzuki coupling of 2,6-dichloronicotinic acid and (2,4- dichlorophenyl)boronic acid followed by treatment with thionyl chloride and aqueous NH3 gave 2-chloro-6-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)nicotinamide. Reaction of this with
POCI3/toluene under reflux gave 2-chloro-6-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)nicotinonitrile in 15% overall yield ; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO δ 8.61 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.98 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1 H), 7.85 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.69 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 7.62 (dd, J = 8.4, 2.0 Hz, 1 H) ; LCMS [M + H] = 279.
Reaction of 2-chloro-6-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)nicotinonitrile with acetohydroxamic acid and KO'Bu in DMF gave (72) in 41% yield, mp (DCM/pet.
ether) 231-233 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO δ 8.40 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.80 (d, J = 2.0 Hz, 1 H), 7.66 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 1 H), 7.63 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (dd, J = 8.4, 2.1 Hz, 1 H), 6.73 (s, 2H) ; HPLC 99.3%; Anal , calcd . for Ci2H7CI2N30 : C, 51.5; H, 2.5; N, 15.0; found : C, 51.6; H, 2.4; N, 15.1%
6-(2,4-Difl uorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (73)
Figure imgf000062_0001
Similar Suzuki coupling of 2,6-dichloronicotinic acid and (2,4- difluorophenyl)boronic acid followed by thionyl chloride/aqueous NH3 gave 2-chloro- 6-(2,4-difluorophenyl)nicotinamide and treatment of this material with POCI3/toluene under reflux gave 2-chloro-6-(2,4-difluorophenyl)nicotinonitrile in 19% yield; 1H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.57 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 8.08-7.99 (m, 2H), 7.50 (ddd, J = 11.8, 9.2, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.34-7.29 (m, 1H).
Reaction of 2-chloro-6-(2,4-difluororophenyl)nicotinonitrile with
acetohydroxamic acid and KO'Bu in DMF gave (73) in 74% yield, mp (DCM/pet.
ether) 235-238 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO δ 8.39 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 8.04 (dt, J = 8.9, 6.7 Hz, 1H), 7.76 (dd, J = 8.1, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 7.45 (ddd, J = 11.7, 9.3, 2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.31-7.26 (m, 1H), 6.71 (s, 2H); HPLC 97.8%.
6-(2-Thienyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (74) 2
Figure imgf000062_0002
Similar Suzuki coupling of 2,6-dichloronicotinic acid and 2-thienylboronic acid, followed by elaboration of the product as described above, gave (74), mp 241-244 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.28 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.96 (dd, J = 3.7, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 7.90 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.76 (dd, J = 5.0, 1.1 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (dd, J = 5.0, 3.7 Hz, 1H), 6.6 (br s, 2H). HPLC 99.2%; LCMS [M + H] = 218.
6-(l -Methyl- l - -pyrazol-5-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (75)
Figure imgf000063_0001
Similar Suzuki coupling of 2,6-dichloronicotinic acid and ( 1-methyl- l H- pyrazol-5-yl)boronic acid, followed by elaboration of the product as described above gave (75); *H N MR [CD3OD] δ 8.29 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1 H), 7.72 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1 H), 7.54 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1H),
6.89 (d, J = 2.1 Hz, 1 H), 4.27 (s, 3H) ; H PLC 97%; ESI+ Found 216.0872, Ci0H9N5O requires 216.0880.
Method 7. Representative example
Figure imgf000063_0002
(41)
To a solution formed by adding sodium ( 129 mg, 5.6 mmol) to dry MeOH (3 ml_) at 20 °C was added 6-chloroisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine ( 16 mg, 0.09 mmol) and the solution was stirred at 20°C for 20 hr. The reaction mixture was then evaporated to dryness, and the resulting residue was stirred in H20 ( 10 ml_) to give a white precipitate, which was filtered, washed with H20 and dried at 100°C to give 6- methoxyisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (41) (7 mg, 46%), mp (H20), 213-215 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.10 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.75 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.42 (bs, 2H, NH2), 3.91, (s, 3H, OCH3), HPLC 99.8%; HRMS (ESI+) calcd . for C7H8N302 166.0611 ; found 166.0606.
Method 7 further examples
6-(3-(Dimethylamino)propoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (76)
Figure imgf000063_0003
(76) Similarly from 6-chloroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3-amine and N,N- dimethylaminopropanol in 33% yield, mp (DCM/pet. ether) 164-166 °C; H NMR
[(CD3)2SO] δ 8.09 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H), 6.73 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H), 6.41 (brs, 2H), 4.32 (t, J = 6.6 Hz, 2H), 2.35 (t, J = 7.1 Hz, 2H), 2.14 (s, 6H), 1.86 ( p, J = 6.8Hz, 1H); HPLC 99.7%; HRMS (ESI+) calcd. for CiiH17N402 [M + H] 237.1346, found 237.1346.
6-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine(77)
Figure imgf000064_0001
(77)
Similarly from 6-chloroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3-amine and N,N- dimethylaminoethanol in 43% yield, mp DCM/pet. ether) 168-170 °C; *H NMR
[(CD3)2SO] δ 8.09 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H), 6.73 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H), 6.42 (brs, 2H), 4.38 (t, J = 5.8 Hz, 2H), 2.63 (t, J = 5.8 Hz, 2H), 2.20 (s, 6H); HPLC 99.9%; HRMS (ESI+) calcd. for Ci0H15N4O2 [M + H] 223.1190, found 223.1197.
6-(2-Morpholinoethoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (78)
Figure imgf000064_0002
(78)
Similarly from 6-chloroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3-amine and 2- morpholinoethanol in 24% yield, mp (DCM/pet. ether) 151-153 °C; *H NMR [CD3)2SO] δ 8.10 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H), 6.75 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 1H), 6.42 (brs 2H), 4.42 (brm, 2H), 3.56 (brm, 4H), 2.70 (brm, 2H), 2.40 (brm, 4H); HPLC 99.9%; HRMS (ESI+) calcd. for 12H17N4O3 [M + H] 265.1295, found 265.1295.
General method:
Figure imgf000064_0003
To a solution of B (2.0 eq) in DMF at 0 °C was added NaH (60% dispersion in mineral oil, 1.9 eq) and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. Then A (1.0 eq) was added and the resulting mixture was stirred at 90 °C for 6- 16 h (monitored by TLC). The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water and brine. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2S04, filtered and concentrated to give the crude product, which was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (pet. ether/ethyl acetate = 3/1) to give the desired product.
The following compounds C were prepared by this general method:
Figure imgf000065_0001
Figure imgf000066_0001
Method 8. Representative procedure
6-(Methylthio)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (79) and 6- (methylsulfonyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (80)
Figure imgf000067_0001
(79)
(80)
Reaction of 6-chloroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3-amine and 3 equivalents of sodium thiomethoxide in DMF at room temperature for 18 h gave (79) in 68% yield, mp (DCM/MeOH) 230-233 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.07 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 7.24 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 1H), 6.53 (brs, 2H), 2.56 (s, CH3); HPLC 99.3%; HRMS (ESI+) calcd. for C7H8N3OS [M + H] 182.0383; found 182.0380.
To a solution of (79) (18 mg, 0.1 mmol) in THF (3.0 mL) was added peracetic acid (0.5 mL of a 32% solution in acetic acid) and the reaction mixture was stirred at 20°C for 30 hr. The solvents were evaporated at 20 °C and the residue was diluted with H20, basified with K2C03, extracted into EtOAc and dried over Na2S04.
Evaporation of the solvents and crystallization of the residue from DCM/pet. ether gave (80) (19 mg, 89% yield), mp (DCM/pet. ether) 231-234 °C; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.65 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1H), 8.04 (d, J = 7.94 Hz, 1H), 6.96 (brs, 2H), 3.35 (s, CH3); HPLC 98.5%; LCMS Found [M + H] = 214. 3-Aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid (81)
Figure imgf000067_0002
6-Methylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (48 mg, 0.32 mmol) was dissolved in concentrated H2S04 (5 mL) at 0°C, then Cr03 (160 mg, 1.6 mmol) was added and stirring was continued for 20 hr at 20°C. The mixture was then stirred in ice, and the resulting precipitate was filtered, washed with H20, and a 1 : 1 mixture of pet. ether/DCM, then dried in the oven to give 81 (8.0 mg, 14%) ; *H NMR [(CD3)2SO] δ 12.78 (br, lH), 8.45 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1 H), 8.02 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 1 H), 6.81 (brs, 2H) . H PLC 96%. LCMS found [M + H] = 178.
Methyl 3-aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridine-6-carboxylate (82)
6-Methylisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (248 mg, 1.66 mmol) was dissolved i n cooled concentrated H2S04 ( 10 ml) at 0°C then Cr03 (350 mg, 3.5 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred at 20°C for 3 days. After cooling to 0°C MeOH ( 1 ml) was added and stirring was continued at 20°C for 20 hr. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted into EtOAc. Combined extracts were d ried (Na2S04) and evaporation of the solvents followed by HPLC separation of the residue gave 82 (44 mg), *H N MR [(CD3)2SO] δ 8.48 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 8.05 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 6.84 (brs, 2 H), 3.92 (s, 3H) Anal , calcd for C8H7N303 : C, 49.7; H, 3.6; N, 21.7; found C, 49.8; H, 3.5; N, 21.8%. HPLC 99.6%.
Enzymatic Assay for IDOl activity
Recombinant human IDOl (rhIDO l) was expressed and purified from cultures of EC538 strain of E. coli transformed with pREP4 and pQE9-IDO plasmid . Reaction mixes were set up in 384-well microplates containing 50 mM phosphate buffer, 10 mM ascorbic, 10 μΜ methylene blue, 100 μg/mL catalase, 80 μΜ TRP, 0.01% Tween 20 (v/v) mixed with rhIDO l ( 15 μί) at a fi nal concentration of 9 nM in a total volume of 30 [ L assay medium . The plates were incubated at 37°C for 30 min, and the enzymatic reaction was terminated by adding piperidine (200 mM) and heated at 65°C for 20 min. Fluorescence intensity was read at Aex 400 nm and Aem 500 nm. Test compounds were dissolved in 100% DMSO and pre-diluted in assay medium prior to adding rhIDOl . IDO l inhibition (%) was calculated as
(\uninhibited enzyme assay signal\— \inhibited enzyme signal\)
x 100
(\uninhibited enzyme assay signal\— \assay medium signal\)
All experiments were carried out in triplicates, and statistical Analyses were conducted in Prism v5 (Graphpad Software, Inc. , La Jolla, CA, USA) .
Cell-based assay for IDOl inhibition
For the assay of inhibition of cellular IDO l activity, Lewis Lung carcinoma cells transfected to express human IDOl (LLTC-hlDO l) or murine (LLTC-mlDO l) were cultured with test compounds at 37°C, 5% C02 for 24 h. Culture supernatant from each well was then transferred into a fresh, flat-bottomed 96-well plate, mixed with trichloroacetic acid ( 10% final concentration) and incubated for 20 min at 60°C. Plates were then centrifuged ( 10 min at 2500 g) and the supernatants were then transferred and mixed 1 : 1 with 4-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde (20 mg/mL in acetic acid) in a new plate. The absorbance of each well was read at 480 nm, and the concentration that inhibited 50% cellular enzyme activity was calculated.
The viability of the cells in each well in the same experiment was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colourimetric assay. After the removal of the supernatant for determination of IDOl inhibition, the cells were incubated with MTT (500 μg/mL) until crystal formation was observed . Plates were centrifuged for 15 min at 2500 g, and then all the supernatant in then wells was discarded . DMSO ( 100 \ L/we\\) was added to dissolve the crystals and then the absorbance in each well was measured at 570 nm . Cell viability in each well was expressed as a percentage of untreated controls. Triplicate cultures were used for all experiments unless stated otherwise.
Results of the assays are shown in the table below.
Compound activity
Compound No Enzymatic Cellular Cell Viability ICso (MM) ICso (MM) ICso (MM)
1 B A D
2 D C D
3 B A D
4 C B D
5 C - -
6 C A D
7 D
8 C A D
9 C B D
10 D B D 11 B A D
12 D B D
13 D D D
14 D - -
15 D B D
16 B A D
17 D
18 D
19 D
20 D C D
28 D - -
30 D
33 D
42 A A D
43 D
44 D C D
45 D C D
46 D c D
47 A B D
48 D C D
49 B A D
50 C C D
51 D 52 D C D
53 D
54 D C D
55 D - -
56 D D D
57 D D D
58 D B D
59 D D D
60 D
61 D
62 D - -
63 D C D
64 D C D
65 D D D
66 A A D
67 A B D
68 D C D
69 D C D
70 D D D
71 D C D
72 D D D
73 D C D
74 D B D 75 D D D
76 D D D
77 D D D
78 D D D
79 C B D
80 D C D
81 D D D
82 D C D
83 D
84 C C D
85 D - -
86 D
87 D c D
88 D c D
89 D c D
90 D c D
91 D
92 D - -
93 D c D
94 D B D
95 D B D
96 D D D
Activity ICso ranges: A; < 1 μΜ, B; 1-10 μΜ, C; 10-100 μΜ, D; > 100 μΜ Cell-based assay for TDO inhibition
For the assay of inhibition of cellular TDO, GL261 cells transfected to over- express full length human TDO were cultured with test compounds at 37°C, 5% C02 for 24 h. Culture supernatant from each well was then transferred into a fresh, flat- bottomed 96-well plate, and kynurenine content was determined as described above for the IDOl assay, and the concentration that inhibited 50% cellular enzyme activity was calculated.
The viability of the cells in each well in the same experiment was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colourimetric assay.
Results of the assay are shown in the table below.
Compound activity
Figure imgf000073_0001
Activity ICso ranges: A; < 1 μΜ, B; 1-10 μΜ, C; 10-100 μΜ, D; > 100 μΜ
Determination of tumor growth inhibition
Tumours were implanted subcutaneously into syngeneic C57BI/6 mice and allocated into different treatment groups when tumours had reached approximately 3x3 mm in size. Compounds were dissolved in DMSO and the dose in a volume of 50 ml was administered by daily injection either ip or sc. Tumours were measured every second day and mice were monitored until humane ethical endpoint was reached.
The results of the study are shown in Figure 1 for Compound 3, using the Lewis Lung TC carcinoma line which has been transfected to produce human IDOl . Tumour volume is in mm3. N = 7 per group, indicates significance by repeated measures one-way Anova. Determination of changes in kynurenine to tryptophan ratios (K:T).
K:T ratios in plasma and tumours from mice with 16 day subcutaneous GL- 261-hIDOl tumours (tumour size 15-20 mm), were determined by analytical HPLC 0.25h, lh, 2h, 4h, 6h and 24h following treatment with 150 mg/kg Compound 3, n = 3 per time point. DMSO vehicle control group (n = 21) pooled from 3 mice, 0.25h, lh, 2h, 4h, 6h and 24h following treatment with DMSO. * and ** denotes significance (p <0.05, p <0.01, respectively) by one-way ANOVA and Sidak's multiple comparisons compared to DMSO controls.
Results of this study are shown in Figure 2. Determination of synergy in combination with immune checkpoint blockades.
Figure 3 shows survival to humane ethical end point of a study with mice with sc GL261-hID01 tumours treated with vehicle (A); Compound 3 at 75 mg/kg (B) IP daily, beginning 8 days after tumor implantation; anti-immune checkpoint antibodies (C) against anti-PDl (Top: 250 pg/mouse IP on days 8, 11 and 14 after tumor implantation) or anti-CTLA4 (Bottom : 1 mg/mouse IP 6 days after tumor
implantation); or a combination (D) of Compound 3 plus immune checkpoint antibody. P-values indicate significant difference by Log-rank analysis compared to vehicle survival curves. Coloured arrowheads indicate dosing schedule.
Results of this study are shown in Figure 3. As used herein, "comprising" is synonymous with "including," "containing," or
"characterized by," and is inclusive or open-ended and does not exclude additional, unrecited elements or method steps. As used herein, "consisting of" excludes any element, step, or ingredient not specified in the claim element. As used herein, "consisting essentially of" does not exclude materials or steps that do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristics of the claim. In each instance herein any of the terms "comprising", "consisting essentially of" and "consisting of" may be replaced with either of the other two terms.
When a group of materials, compositions, components or compounds is disclosed herein, it is understood that all individual members of those groups and all subgroups thereof are disclosed separately. When a Markush group or other grouping is used herein, all individual members of the group and all combinations and subcombinations possible of the group are intended to be individually included in the disclosure. Every formulation or combination of components described or exemplified herein can be used to practice the invention, unless otherwise stated . Whenever a range is given in the specification, for example, a temperature range, a time range, or a composition range, all intermediate ranges and subranges, as well as all individual values included in the ranges given are intended to be included in the disclosure. In the disclosure and the claims, "and/or" means additionally or alternatively. Moreover, any use of a term in the singular also encompasses plural forms.
All references cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety to the extent that there is no inconsistency with the disclosure of this specification. Some references provided herein are incorporated by reference to provide details concerning sources of starting materials, additional starting materials, additional reagents, additional methods of synthesis, additional methods of analysis, additional biological materials, additional cells, and additional uses of the invention. All headings used herein are for convenience only. All patents and publications mentioned in the specification are indicative of the levels of skill of those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, and are herein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference. References cited herein are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety to indicate the state of the art as of their publication or filing date and it is intended that this information can be employed herein, if needed, to exclude specific embodiments that are in the prior art.

Claims

1. A pharmaceutical composition comprising : a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein :
Figure imgf000076_0001
W is CR1, N or N-oxide; X is CR2, N or N-oxide; Y is CR3, N or N-oxide; Z is CR4, N or N-oxide; and where at least one of W, X, Y, and Z is N or N-oxide;
R1, R2, R3 and R4 are each independently selected from the following groups: H, halo, R, -OH, -OR, -OC(0)H, -OC(0)R, -OC(0)NH2, -OC(0)N HR, -OC(0)NRR,-OP(0)(OH)2, - OP(0)(OR)2, -N02, -N H2, -NHR, -NRR, -N HC(0) H, -N HC(0)R, -NRC(0)R, -NHC(0)N H2, -N HC(0) NRR, -NRC(0)N HR, -SH, -SR, -S(0)H, -S(0)R, -S02R, -S02NH2, -S02NHR, - S02NRR, -CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F -OCF3, -OCHF2, -CN, -C≡CH, -C≡CR, -CH = CHR, -CH = CRR, -CR=CHR, -CR=CRR, -C02H, -C02R, -CHO, -C(0)R, -C(0)N H2, -C(0)N HR, - C(0)NRR, -CONHS02H, -CON HS02R, -CONRS02R, cyclic C3-C7 alkylamino, imidazolyl, Ci"C6 alkylpiperazinyl, morpholi nyl and thiomorpholinyl ; or R1 and R2 taken together, or R2 and R3 taken together, or R3 and R4 taken together can form a saturated or a partially saturated or a fully unsaturated 5- or 6-membered ring of carbon atoms optionally including 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from O, N and S, and the ring is optionally substituted independently with 1 to 4 substituents selected from R; each R is independently selected from any of the groups defined in paragraphs (a) and (b) below: (a) an optionally substituted Ci-6 alkyi group, an optionally substituted C2-6 alkenyl group, an optionally substituted C2-6 alkynyl group and an optionally substituted C3-7 cyclic alkyi group; wherein the one or more optional substituents for each of said alkyi, alkenyl, alkynyl and cyclic alkyi groups are each independently selected from the following groups: halo, -OH, -OR5, -OC(0)R5, -OC(0)NH2, -OC(0)NHR5, -OC(0)NR5R5, -OP(0)(OH)2, -OP(0)(OR5)2, -NO2, -IMH2, -NHR5, -NR5R5, -N+(0~)R5R5, -NHC(0)H, - NHC(0)R5, -NR5C(0)R5, -NHC(0)NH2, -NHC(0)NR5R5, -NR5C(0)NHR5, -SH, -SR5, - S(0)H, -S(0)R5, -S02R5, -S02NH2, -S02NHR5, -S02NR5R5, -CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F,-OCF3, _ OCHF2, -CN, -C02H, -C02R5, -CHO, -C(0)R5, -C(0)NH2, -C(0)NHR5, -C(0)NR5R5, - CONHS02H, -C(0)NHS02R5, -C(0)NR5S02R5, cyclic C3-C7 alkylamino, imidazolyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, azepanyl, pyrrolidinyl and azetidinyl; wherein each of the groups imidazolyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, azepanyl, pyrrolidinyl and azetidinyl are optionally substituted by one or more of the following groups: Ci-6 alkyi, C2.6 alkenyl, C2.6 alkynyl, C3-7 cyclic alkyi, halo, -OH, -OR7, -OC(0)R7, -OC(0)NH2 -OC(0)NHR7, -
OC(0)NR7R7, -OP(0)(OH)2, -OP(0)(OR7)2, -N02, -NH2, -NHR7, -NR7R7, -N+(0") R7R7, - NHC(0)H, -NHC(0)R7, -NR7C(0)R7, -NHC(0)NH2, -NHC(0)NR7R7, -NR7C(0)NHR7, -SH, -SR7, -S(0)H, -S(0)R7, -S02R7, -S02NH2, -S02NHR7,-S02NR7R7, -CF3, -CHF2,-CH2F- OCF3, _OCHF2, -CN, -C02H, -C02R7, -CHO, -C(0)R7, -C(0)NH2, -C(0)NHR7, -C(0)NR7R7, -CONHS02H, -C(0)NHS02R7, -C(0)NR7S02R7, an optionally substituted aryl, and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms and having one or more heteroatoms in its ring system which are each independently selected from 0, N and S; and wherein the one or more optional substituents for each of said aryl and heteroaryl groups are each independently selected from the following groups: Ci-6 alkyi, C2-6 alkenyl, C2-6 alkynyl or C 7 cyclic alkyi, halo, -OH, -OR8, -OC(0)R8, -
OC(0)NH2, -OC(0)NHR8, -OC(0)NR8R8, -OP(0)(OH)2, -OP(0)(OR8)2, -N02, -NH2, - NHR8, -NR8R8, -N+(0 )R8R8, -NHC(0)H, -NHC(0)R8, -NR8C(0)R8, -NHC(0)NH2, - NHC(0)NR8R8, -NR8C(0)NHR8, -SH, -SR8, -S(0)H, -S(0)R8, -S02R8, -S02NH2, - S02NHR8,-S02NR8R8, -CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F, -OCF3, _OCHF2, -CN, -C02H, -C02R8, -CHO, - C(0)R8, -C(0)NH2, -C(0)NHR8, -C(0)NR8R8, -CONHS02H, -C(0)NHS02R8, and -
C(0)NR8S02R8; wherein each R5, R7 and R8 is independently selected from a Ci-e alkyi group, a C2-6 alkenyl group, a C2-6 alkynyl group and a C3-7 cyclic alkyi group; and
(b) an optionally substituted aryl, and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms and having one or more heteroatoms in its ring system which are each independently selected from 0, N and S; and wherein the one or more optional substituents are each independently selected from the same optional substituents as those defined in (a) above for R; R9 and R10 are each independently selected from any of the groups defined in paragraphs (a) and (b) below:
(a) H, an optionally substituted Ci-6 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C2.6 alkenyl group, an optionally substituted C2.6 alkynyl group, and an optionally substituted C3-7 cyclic alkyl group; wherein the one or more optional substituents for each of said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and cyclic alkyl are each independently selected from the following groups: halo, -OH, -OR11, -OC(0)Rn, -OC(0)NH2, -OC(0)NHRn, - OC(0)NRnRn, -OP(0)(OH)2, -OP(0)(ORn)2, -N02, -NH2, -NHR11, -NR11R11, -N+(0 " )RnRn, -NHC(0)H, -NHC(0)Rn, -NR11C(0)R11, -NHC(0)NH2, -NHC(0)NR11R11, - NR11C(0)NHR11, -SH, -SR11, -S(0)H, -S(0)Rn, -S02Rn, -S02NH2, -S02NHR11, -
S02NR11R11, -CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F,-OCF3, _OCHF2, -CN, -C02H, -C02Rn, -CHO, -C(0)Rn, - C(0)NH2, -C(0)NHRn, -C(0)NR11R11, -CONHS02H, -C(0)NHS02Rn, -C(0)NRnS02Rn, cyclic C3-C7 alkylamino, imidazolyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, azepanyl, pyrrolidinyl and azetidinyl; wherein each of the groups cyclic C3- C7 alkylamino, imidazolyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, azepanyl, pyrrolidinyl and azetidinyl are optionally substituted by one or more of the following groups: Ci-6 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, C2-6 alkynyl, C3-7 cyclic alkyl, halo, -OH, - OR13, -OC(0)R13, -OC(0)NH2, -OC(0)NHR13, -OC(0)NR13R13, -OP(0)(OH)2, - OP(0)(OR13)2, -N02, -NH2, -NHR13, -NR13R13 -N+(0 )R13R13, -NHC(0)H, -NHC(0)R13, - NR13C(0)R13, -NHC(0)NH2, -NHC(0)NR13R13, -NR13C(0)NHR13, -SH, -SR13, -S(0)H, -
S(0)R13, -S02R13, -S02NH2, -S02NHR13,-S02NR13R13, -CF3, -CHF2, -CH2F -OCF3, -OCHF2, -CN, -C02H, -C02R13, -CHO, -C(0)R13, -C(0)NH2, -C(0)NHR13, -C(0)NR13R13, - CONHS02H, -C(0)NHS02R13, and -C(0)NR13S02R13; wherein each Rn and R13 is independently selected from a Ci-6 alkyl group, a C2.6 alkenyl group, a C2.6 alkynyl group and a C3-7 cyclic alkyl group; and
(b) an optionally substituted aryl, and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms and having one or more heteroatoms in its ring system which are each independently selected from 0, N and S; and wherein the one or more optional substituents for each of said aryl and heteroaryl are each independently selected from the same optional substituents as those defined in (a) above for R9 and R10; or
(c) R9 and R10 taken together can form a partially saturated or a fully unsaturated 5- or 6-membered ring of carbon atoms optionally including 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from 0, N and S, and the ring can be optionally substituted independently with 1 to 5 substituents selected from the same optional substituents as those defined in (a) above for R9 and R10; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
2. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein Z is N or N-oxide, such as N, W is CR1, X is CR2 and Y is CR3.
3. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein X is N or N-oxide, such as N, W is CR1, Y is CR3 and Z is CR4.
4. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein X and Z are both N or N-oxide, such as N, W is CR1 and Y is CR3.
5. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4, where present, are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, optionally substituted Ci-C6 alkyl, -O-R wherein R is selected from optionally substituted Ci-C6 alkyl and optionally substituted aryl (such as phenyl), -NHR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, an optionally substituted aryl, and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms and having one or more heteroatoms in its ring system which are each independently selected from 0, N and S.
6. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 5, wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4, where present, are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, -CF3, -CHF2, -OCF3, -OCHF2, Ci-6 alkyl, such as methyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl, -OR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -NHR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
7. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 5, wherein one or two of R1, R2, R3 and R4, where present, is H, and the others of R1, R2, R3 and R4 that are not H are independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, -CF3, -CHF2, -OCF3, - OCHF2, Ci-6 alkyl, such as methyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl, -OR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -NHR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
8. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein R3 is present and selected from the group consisting of halogen, -OR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -NHR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
9. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 2, wherein Z is N or N-oxide, such as N, W is CR1, X is CR2 and Y is CR3, and R3 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, -O-R wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -NHR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
10. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 2, wherein Z is N or N-oxide, such as N, W is CR1, X is CR2 and Y is CR3, R1 is H, and one or both of R2 and R3 are other than H.
11. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 10, wherein each of R2 and R3 that is other than H is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, optionally substituted Ci-C6 alkyl, -OR wherein R is selected from optionally
substituted Ci-C6 alkyl and optionally substituted aryl, -NHR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl; an optionally substituted aryl, such as substituted phenyl, and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group.
12. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 10, wherein each of R2 and R3 that is other than H is each independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, -CF3, -CHF2, -OCF3, -OCHF2, Ci-6 alkyl such as methyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl, -OR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -NHR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
13. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein R1 and R2 taken together, or R2 and R3 taken together, or R3 and R4 taken together form a saturated or a partially saturated or a fully unsaturated 5- or 6-membered ring of carbon atoms optionally including 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from O, N or S and the ring is optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents independently selected from R, and those of R1, R2, R3 and R4 that are not part of the ring, are independently selected from : H, halo, optionally substituted Ci-C6 alkyl, O-R wherein R is optionally substituted Ci-C6 alkyl, an optionally substituted aryl and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms and having one or more heteroatoms in its ring system which are each independently selected from O, N and S.
14. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein R9 and R10 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, an optionally substituted Ci-6 alkyl group, an optionally substituted aryl, such as substituted phenyl, and an optionally substituted heteroaryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms and having one or more heteroatoms in its ring system which are each independently selected from 0, N and S.
15. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein R9 and R10 are both H .
16. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 2, wherein Z is N or N-oxide, such as N, W is CR1, X is CR2 and Y is CR3, and R9 and R10 are both H .
17. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 16, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, -CF3, -CHF2, -
OCF3, -OCH F2, Ci-6 alkyl, such as methyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl, -OR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -NHR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
18. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 16, wherein one or two of R1, R2 and R3 is H, and the others of R1, R2 and R3 that are not H are independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, -CF3, -CHF2, -OCF3, -OCHF2, Ci-6 alkyl, such as methyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl, -OR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -NHR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
19. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 16, wherein R1 is H, and one of both of R2 and R3 is other than H, wherein each of R2 and R3 that is not H is independently selected from the group consisting of halogen, -CF3, -CHF2, -OCF3, - OCHF2, Ci-6 alkyl, such as methyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaryl, -OR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -NHR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
20. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 16, wherein R3 is selected from the group consisting of halogen, -OR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl, and -NHR wherein R is optionally substituted aryl.
21. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 16, wherein R1 is H, and R2 and R3 form a saturated or a partially saturated or a fully unsaturated 5- or 6- membered ring of carbon atoms optionally including 1 to 3 heteroatoms selected from 0, N and S and the ring is optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents
independently selected from R.
22. A pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, wherein the compound of formula I is selected from the group consisting of:
5-Bromo-4,6-dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (1)
Isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (2)
5-Chloro-4,6-dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (3)
4,6-Dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (4)
4,5,6-Trimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (5)
5- Bromoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (6)
6- Methylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (7)
5- Chloroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (8)
Isoxazolo[5,4-b]quinolin-3-amine (9)
5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4-b]quinolin-3-amine (10)
6- Chloroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (11)
Isoxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidin-3-amine (12)
4- Phenylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (13)
5-Fluoroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (14)
6-Phenylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (15)
5- Iodoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (16)
Isoxazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-3-amine (17)
N6,N6-Dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (18)
N4,N4-Dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,4-diamine (19)
5-Chloro-N3, 4, 6-tri methyl isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (20)
5-Chloro-N3,N3,4,6-tetramethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (21)
5-(3-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (22)
5-(2-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (23)
5-Phenylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (24)
5-(3-Fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (25)
5-(Pyridin-3-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (26)
5-(Pyridin-4-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (27)
2-(3-Aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-5-yl) phenol (28)
4-(3-Aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)phenol (29)
5-(4-Fluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (30)
5-(3-Fluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (31) 5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (32)
5-(3,5-Difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (33)
5-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (34)
5-(2,3,4-Trichlorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (35)
5-(4-(Trifluoronnethyl phenyl) isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (36)
5-(3-Aminophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (37)
Methyl 3-(3-aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-5-yl)benzoate (38)
5-(6-Fluoropyridin-3-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (39)
5- (2-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl) isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (40) 6-Methoxyisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (41)
6- Chloro-4-methylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyndin-3-amine (42)
Isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (43)
5- Methylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (44)
5.6- Di methyl isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (45)
6-Methyl-4-(tnfluoromethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (46)
6- (Trifluoromethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (47)
6-Isopropylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (48)
5-Nitroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (49)
Ethyl 3-amino-6-(trifluoronnethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate (50) 4-Methoxyisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (51)
5-(Difluoromethoxy)-4,6-di methyl isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (52)
Ethyl 3-amino-6-methylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate (53)
Ethyl 3-amino-6-(difluoromethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate (54) 5-Fluoro-6-morpholinoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (55)
N6-Cyclopropyl-5-fluoroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyndine-3,6-diamine (56)
5- Fluoro-N6,N6-dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (57)
6- (Furan-2-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (58)
6.7- Dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[b]isoxazolo[4,5-e]pyndin-3-amine (59)
6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]isoxazolo[4,5-e]pyridin-3-amine (60) 6,6-Dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4-b]quinolin-3-amine (61)
7.8- Dihydro-5H-isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyrano[3,4-e]pyridin-3-amine (62)
6-(Methylthio)isoxazolo[5,4-d]pynmidin-3-amine (63)
6-Methylisoxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidin-3-amine (64)
4-(Methylthio)-6-phenylisoxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidin-3-amine (65)
6-Chloro-5-fluoroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (66)
5,6-Dichloroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (67)
6-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (68) 5- (3-Methoxyprop-l-yn-l-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (69)
6- (4-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (70)
6-(4-Fluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (71)
6-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (72)
6-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (73)
6-(2-Thienyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (74)
6-(l-Methyl-l - -pyrazol-5-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (75)
6-(3-(Dimethylamino)propoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (76)
6-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyndin-3-amine(77)
6-(2-Morpholinoethoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (78)
6-(Methylthio)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (79)
6-(Methylsulfonyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (80)
3-Aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid (81)
Methyl 3-aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-6-carboxylate (82)
6-Phenoxyisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (83)
6-(2-Chlorophenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (84)
6-(3-Chlorophenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (85)
6-(4-Chlorophenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (86)
6-(2-(Trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (87)
6-(3-(Trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (88)
6-(4-(Trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (89)
6-(2-Methoxyphenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (90)
6-(3-Methoxyphenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (91)
6-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (92)
6-(3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (93)
N6-Phenylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (94)
N6-(3-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (95) and
N6-(4-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (96),
and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
23. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the compound of Formula I is an IDOl inhibitor.
24. A pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein the compound of Formula I is a TDO inhibitor.
25. A pharmaceutical composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein the compound of Formula I is both an IDOl inhibitor and a TDO inhibitor.
26. A compound of Formula I as defined in claim 1, selected from the followi ng : 5-Bromo-4,6-dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine ( 1)
4,5,6-Trimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (5)
5-Chloroisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (8)
4- Phenylisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine ( 13)
5- Fluoroisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine ( 14)
6-Phenylisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine ( 15)
5-Iodoisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (16)
N6,N6-Dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridine-3,6-diami ne ( 18)
N4,N4-Dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridine-3,4-diami ne ( 19)
5-Chloro-N3, 4, 6-tri methyl isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (20)
5-Chloro-N3, N3,4,6-tetramethylisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (21)
5-(3-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (22)
5-(2-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (23)
5-(3-Fluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (25)
5-(Pyridin-3-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (26)
5-(Pyridin-4-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (27)
2-(3-Aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-5-yl) phenol (28)
4- (3-Aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-5-yl) phenol (29)
5- (4-Fluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (30)
5-(3-Fluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (31)
5-(2,4-difluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (32)
5-(3,5-Difluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (33)
5-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (34)
5-(2,3,4-Trichlorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (35)
5-(4-(Trifluoromethyl phenyl) isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (36)
5-(3-Aminophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (37)
Methyl 3-(3-aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridi n-5-yl)benzoate (38)
5-(6-Fluoropyridin-3-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridi n-3-amine (39)
5- (2-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl) isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (40)
6- Chloro-4-methylisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (42)
Isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridine-3,6-diamine (43)
5-Methylisoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (44)
5, 6-Di methyl isoxazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-3-amine (45) 6-Methyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (46)
6-Isopropylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (48)
5-Nitroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (49)
Ethyl 3-amino-6-(tnfluoronnethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyndine-5-carboxylate (50) 4-Methoxyisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (51)
5-(Difluoromethoxy)-4,6-di methyl isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (52)
Ethyl 3-amino-6-methylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate (53)
Ethyl 3-amino-6-(difluoronnethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-5-carboxylate (54) 5-Fluoro-6-morpholinoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (55)
N6-Cyclopropyl-5-fluoroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (56)
5- Fluoro-N6,N6-dimethylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diannine (57)
6- (Furan-2-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (58)
6,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-5H-cyclohepta[b]isoxazolo[4,5-e]pyridin-3-annine (60) 6,6-Dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoxazolo[5,4-b]quinolin-3-annine (61)
7,8-Dihydro-5H-isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyrano[3,4-e]pyridin-3-amine (62)
6-(Methylthio)isoxazolo[5,4-d]pyrinnidin-3-annine (63)
4- (Methylthio)-6-phenylisoxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidin-3-amine (65)
6-Chloro-5-fluoroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (66)
5,6-Dichloroisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (67)
6-Chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (68)
5- (3-Methoxyprop-l-yn-l-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyndin-3-amine (69)
6- (4-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (70)
6-(4-Fluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (71)
6-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (72)
6-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (73)
6-(2-Thienyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (74)
6-(l-Methyl-l/-/-pyrazol-5-yl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-annine (75)
6-(3-(Dimethylamino)propoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (76)
6-(2-(Dimethylamino)ethoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine(77)
6-(2-Morpholinoethoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (78)
6-(Methylthio)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyndin-3-amine (79)
6-(methylsulfonyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (80)
3-Aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid (81)
Methyl 3-aminoisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-6-carboxylate (82)
6-Phenoxyisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (83)
6-(2-Chlorophenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (84)
6-(3-Chlorophenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (85) 6-(4-Chlorophenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (86)
6-(2-(Trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (87)
6-(3-(Trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (88)
6-(4-(Trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (89)
6-(2-Methoxyphenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (90)
6-(3-Methoxyphenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (91)
6-(4-Methoxyphenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (92)
6-(3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenoxy)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridin-3-amine (93)
N6-Phenylisoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (94)
N6-(3-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (95)
N6-(4-Methoxyphenyl)isoxazolo[5,4-b]pyridine-3,6-diamine (96),
and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
27. The use of a compound of Formula I, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 26, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament.
28. The use of a compound of Formula I, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 26, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament for treating cancer in a warm blooded animal, including a human.
29. The use of a compound of Formula I, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 26, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament for treating cancer in a warm blooded animal, including a human, wherein the treatment comprises administration of the compound of Formula I and one or more additional agents selected from the group consisting of chemotherapeutic agents, immune- modulating agents such as anti-cancer vaccines, modulators of immune checkpoint proteins, adoptive T cell immunotherapies (for example chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART cells)), and radiotherapy, and wherein the additional agent is administered either before, during or after administration of the compound of Formula I.
30. The use according to claim 29, wherein the additional agent comprises an immune-modulating agent.
31. A method of treating cancer in a warm blooded animal, including a human, comprising administering to the animal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 26, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
32. A method of treating cancer in a warm blooded animal, including a human, wherein the method comprises administering to the animal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 26, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and wherein the method further includes the step of administering one or more additional agents selected from the group consisting of chemotherapeutic agents, immune-modulating agents such as anti-cancer vaccines, modulators of immune checkpoint proteins, adoptive T cell immunotherapies (for example chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART cells)), and radiotherapy, and wherein the additional agent is administered either before, during or after
administration of the compound of Formula I.
33. A method according to claim 32, wherein the additional agent comprises an immune-modulating agent.
34. A method of inhibiting indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDOl) in a warm blooded animal in need thereof, including a human, comprising administering to the animal a compound of Formula I, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 26, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the compound has IDOl inhibitory activity, in an amount effective to inhibit IDOl .
35. A method of inhibiting tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) in a warm blooded animal in need thereof, including a human, comprising administering to the animal a compound of Formula I, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 26, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the compound has TDO inhibitory activity, in an amount effective to inhibit TDO.
36. A method of inhibiting IDOl and TDO in a warm blooded animal in need thereof, including a human, comprising administering to the animal a compound of Formula I, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 26, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the compound has both IDOl and TDO inhibitory activity, in an amount effective to inhibit IDOl and TDO.
37. A pharmaceutical combination or kit, comprising
(a) a compound of Formula I, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 26, or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and
(b) one or more additional agents selected from the group consisting of
chemotherapeutic agents, and immune-modulating agents such as anti-cancer vaccines, modulators of immune checkpoint proteins and adoptive T cell
immunotherapies (for example chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CART cells)).
38. The use of a compound of Formula I, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 26, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a condition or disorder selected from the group consisting of: an
inflammatory condition, an infectious disease, a central nervous system disease or disorder, coronary heart disease, chronic renal failure, post anaesthesia cognitive dysfunction, a condition or disorder relating to female reproductive health, and cataracts.
39. A method of treating a condition or disorder selected from the group consisting of: an inflammatory condition, an infectious disease, a central nervous system disease or disorder, coronary heart disease, chronic renal failure, post anaesthesia cognitive dysfunction, a condition or disorder relating to female reproductive health, and cataracts, in a warm blooded animal, including a human, wherein the method comprises administering to the animal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula I, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 26, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
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WO2017034420A1 (en) * 2015-08-27 2017-03-02 Auckland Uniservices Limited Inhibitors of tryptophan dioxygenases (ido1 and tdo) and their use in therapy
RU2619120C1 (en) * 2016-06-06 2017-05-12 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Кубанский государственный аграрный университет" 5-chloro-3- (3-chlorophenyl carboxamide) -4,6-dimethyl isoxazole[5,4-b] pyridine as antidote 2,4-d of the sunflower
CN106905256A (en) * 2017-03-06 2017-06-30 中国药科大学 Benzo five-membered heterocyclic IDO1 inhibitor, its preparation method and application
EP3269714A1 (en) 2016-07-13 2018-01-17 Netherlands Translational Research Center B.V. Inhibitors of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase
WO2018054365A1 (en) 2016-09-24 2018-03-29 Beigene, Ltd. NOVEL 5 or 8-SUBSTITUTED IMIDAZO [1, 5-a] PYRIDINES AS SELECTIVE INHIBITORS OF INDOLEAMINE AND/OR TRYPTOPHANE 2, 3-DIOXYGENASES
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