WO2016016054A1 - Roller element of a roller bearing - Google Patents

Roller element of a roller bearing Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2016016054A1
WO2016016054A1 PCT/EP2015/066703 EP2015066703W WO2016016054A1 WO 2016016054 A1 WO2016016054 A1 WO 2016016054A1 EP 2015066703 W EP2015066703 W EP 2015066703W WO 2016016054 A1 WO2016016054 A1 WO 2016016054A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
roller
anchor
roller element
surface portion
bore
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2015/066703
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Sebastian Ziegler
Gerrit-Jan Dop
Armin Olschewski
Andreas Clemens Van Der Ham
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SKF AB
Original Assignee
SKF AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SKF AB filed Critical SKF AB
Publication of WO2016016054A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016016054A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/52—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions
    • F16C19/522—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions related to load on the bearing, e.g. bearings with load sensors or means to protect the bearing against overload
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/34—Rollers; Needles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0009—Force sensors associated with a bearing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0009—Force sensors associated with a bearing
    • G01L5/0019—Force sensors associated with a bearing by using strain gages, piezoelectric, piezo-resistive or other ohmic-resistance based sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/24—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/26—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for radial load mainly with a single row of rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2202/00—Solid materials defined by their properties
    • F16C2202/30—Electric properties; Magnetic properties
    • F16C2202/36—Piezoelectric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
    • F16C2300/10—Application independent of particular apparatuses related to size
    • F16C2300/14—Large applications, e.g. bearings having an inner diameter exceeding 500 mm
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/31—Wind motors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a roller element of a roller bearing, wherein the roller element is equipped with a device for detecting the load which is acting radially onto the roller element.
  • Roller elements of the generic kind are known for example from DE 10 2010 005 476 Al.
  • the measurement of a force which is exerted onto the roller bearing is detected by means which measure the change of the circumference of the body of the roller element.
  • roller bearings rolling element bearings
  • a s o l u t i o n according to the invention is characterized in that the device is arranged in a bore in the roller element and comprises: a first anchor element which is in contact with a first surface portion of the bore, a second anchor element which is in contact with a second surface portion of the bore, a Piezo element or a bending element which is equipped with at least one strain gauge which is arranged between the first anchor element and the second anchor element and means for measurement of a voltage or charge which is created by the Piezo element due to a deformation of the same or for measurement of a resistance of the at least one strain gauge due to the bending of the bending element.
  • the first surface portion and the second surface portion are preferably arranged diametrically in the bore.
  • the first anchor element and/or the second anchor element are preferably positive substance joint on the first and/or second surface portion.
  • a welding or soldering or glueing connection is preferred.
  • the first anchor element and/or the second anchor element can be frictionally engaged at the first and/or second surface portion.
  • the first anchor element and/or the second anchor element have preferably a supporting arm, wherein the Piezo element or the bending element with the at least one strain gauge is arranged at the supporting arm.
  • the Piezo element or the bending element with the at least one strain gauge is arranged at the end of the supporting arm.
  • the supporting arms can extend in a direction which is perpendicular to the direction which in turn is perpendicular onto the surface of the bore at the surface portion where the anchor elements are arranged.
  • Supporting arms are preferably arranged at both anchor elements, wherein the dimensions of the supporting arms are preferably different.
  • the different dimension relates specifically and preferably to the thickness of the supporting arms measured in a direction perpendicular onto the surface of the bore at the surface portion where the anchor elements are arranged.
  • the thickness of one of the supporting arms is preferably at least five times of the thickness of the other one of the supporting arms.
  • a further embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the transition zone between the smaller supporting arm and the anchor element has at least partially a concave, especially a semi-circular, shape seen in the axial direction of the roller element.
  • the Piezo element has preferably a rod-shaped design.
  • a longitudinal axis of the Piezo element can be directed into the direction perpendicu- lar onto the surface of the bore at the surface portion where the anchor elements are arranged.
  • the Piezo element has preferably a circular or rectangular cross section in a cut perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
  • the means for measurement are preferably designed for a wireless communication with a receiver which is located outside of the roller element.
  • the roller element is preferably a cylindrical roller or taper roller.
  • the concept according to the invention is basing on a Piezo bending load sensor for a sensorized bearing roller.
  • a Piezo bending load cell is used to measure deformation of the through hole in the roller element under load.
  • the dimorph Piezo bending sensor is preferably suspended between two points opposite to each other on the inner diameter of the through hole within the rolling element. During bending of the Piezo element a voltage or an electrical charge is generated which is measured to conclude to the load onto the bearing.
  • a bending arm can be employed which is equipped with at least one strain gauge.
  • the resistance of the strain gauge is measured by the means for measurement to conclude to the load which is acting onto the roller element and thus onto the roller bearing.
  • the sensor design is compensating for the "radial motion" which is exerted onto the roller element as this element is deformed from a circular shape into an elliptical shape, wherein the deforming forces run around the circumference of the roller element when regarded from a coordinate system which is connected with the roller element.
  • Another, less obvious motion of the first surface portion relative to the opposite second surface portion - when the forces run around the circumference of the roller element - is a motion in y direction (see below) further referred to as "chewing motion".
  • the "radial motion” component is eliminated from the total relative motion of the first and second surface portions using the thin supporting art (acting as a leaf spring).
  • This thin supporting arm prevents excessive longitudinal forces (in x direction, see below) onto the Piezo element.
  • the thin supporting arm (leaf spring) will transfer a up/down motion in y direction to one of the ends of the Piezo element, causing an alternating bending in this element.
  • the preferred applications of the proposed concept are large bearings like for example in the field of wind energy systems and industrial machines in the pulp and paper and steel industry.
  • the rotation of the rolling element will deform the bore within the rolling element.
  • the Piezo sensor will bend and generate a voltage or electrical charge which can be correlated with the load on the rolling element.
  • a calibration measurement allows the correlation of measured voltages / electrical charges of the Piezo element and the force which acts onto the bearing.
  • a maximum displacement with an amplitude of approximately 12.5 ⁇ can be expected.
  • the frequency of the movement is double the rolling element frequency. This corresponds for example to a rolling element frequency of 4.5 Hz at a large size bearing with an inner ring rotational speed of 15 rpm.
  • the Piezo sensor will deflect in S-shape which means that the maximum free deflection is the half of the cantilever motion and thus 12.5 ⁇ . So, a cost-effective load sensing is established which demands only modifications of existing bearing arrangements.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of a roller bearing
  • Fig. 2 shows a side view of a roller element of the roller bearing according to Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 shows an enlarged view of the side view according to Fig. 2 and
  • Fig. 4 shows the voltage detected by a Piezo element in the roller element, measured over the time.
  • a roller bearing 2 is shown.
  • the bearing 2 has an outer bearing ring 14 and an inner bearing ring 15. Between the bearing rings 14, 15 roller elements 1 are located.
  • the roller bearing is under a certain load F which is transferred via the roller elements 1 from the outer bearing ring 14 to the inner bearing ring 15 or vice versa.
  • At least one of the roller elements 1 - or only one of the roller elements 1 - is equipped with a device 3 for detecting the load which is transferred via the roller element 1.
  • a roller element 1 is shown in Fig. 2. More specifically, the device 3 for detecting the load is arranged in a central bore 4 which is machined in the roller element 1.
  • the bore 4 and the roller element 1 have the same axis, marked by the axial direction a in Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 3 an enlarged depiction is shown from which is becomes apparent how the device 3 for detecting the load is designed.
  • anchor elements 5 and 7 are fixed at two opposing surface portions 6 and 8 which are arranged diagonally in the bore 4.
  • the anchor elements 5, 7 are fixed by welding or soldering.
  • Each of the two anchor elements 5, 7 have a supporting arm 11 and 12 which extend from the anchor element 5, 7 in a direction y which is perpendicular on a direction x which in turn is arranged perpendicular on the surface of the bore 4 at the first and second surface 6 and 8. Between the ends of the supporting arms 11, 12 a Piezo element 9 is arranged.
  • the two supporting arms 11, 12 have different thicknesses and t 2 measured in the direction x.
  • the supporting arm 12 can transfer a movement of the second surface portion 8 onto the Piezo element 9 in the direction y, but not in direction x.
  • the supporting arm 12 acts like a spring element.
  • the intensity of the bending torque onto the Piezo element 9 can be measured by means 10 for measurement of a voltage U or of an electrical charge Q.
  • Piezo element 9 is acting basically as a pure beam in bending it has a longitudinal axial L which is directed in direction x. Its cross section is e. g. circular or rectangular.
  • the transition zone 13 between the supporting arm 12 and the second anchor element 7 is presently provided with a semi-circular shape.
  • Fig. 4 it is shown schematically which signals are received from the means 10 for measurement of a voltage U over the time t.
  • the voltage signal U has a periodic run over the time U.
  • a whole 360° rotation of the roller element 1 takes place during the time t 0 .
  • the through hole 4 in a roller element 1 is in certain applications deforming up to 25 ⁇ under a maximum load of 140 kN. That means a deflection of 12.5 ⁇ at nominal load of 70 kN.
  • the Piezo sensor 9 is integrated in the through hole 4 of the roller element 1 to transform the movement according to the deformation into voltage which can then be measured.
  • the expected voltage is in the range of +/- 290 mV at nominal load.
  • a Piezo sensor (type: T215-A4-103X) is employed with a free deflection of 12.5 ⁇ which corresponds to an open circuit voltage of +/- 290 mV which is a considerable signal amplitude suitable for load sensing.
  • a bending element with one or more strain gauges can be mounted between the supporting arms 11, 12. Then, the resistance is measured by the means 10.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a roller element (1) of a roller bearing (2), wherein the roller element (1) is equipped with a device (3) for detecting the load (F) which is acting radially (R) onto the roller element (1). To establish a cost-effective possibility for a load detection the roller element is characterized in that the device (3) is arranged in a bore (4) in the roller element (1) and comprises: a first anchor element (5) which is in contact with a first surface portion (6) of the bore (4), a second anchor element (7) which is in contact with a second surface portion (8) of the bore (4), a Piezo element (9) or a bending element which is equipped with at least one strain gauge which is arranged between the first anchor element (5) and the second anchor element (7) and means for measurement (10) of a voltage (U) or charge (Q) which is created by the Piezo element (9) due to a deformation of the same or for measurement of a resistance of the at least one strain gauge due to the bending of the bending element.

Description

Roller Element of a Roller Bearing
Technical Field
The invention relates to a roller element of a roller bearing, wherein the roller element is equipped with a device for detecting the load which is acting radially onto the roller element.
Background
Roller elements of the generic kind are known for example from DE 10 2010 005 476 Al. Here, the measurement of a force which is exerted onto the roller bearing is detected by means which measure the change of the circumference of the body of the roller element.
In general, the load sensing in roller bearings (rolling element bearings) is quite costly and labour intensive. As becomes apparent from the mentioned citation there is no easy way to measure the load; to the contrary, there are always extensive FEA simulations or modifications to the bearing required.
Thus, it is an o bj e c t of the present invention to propose a roller element which allows a cost-effective possibility for a load detection. Thus, it is aimed to develop a new solution which is cost-effective, easy to install and does not require extensive modifications to the surrounding.
Summary of the invention
A s o l u t i o n according to the invention is characterized in that the device is arranged in a bore in the roller element and comprises: a first anchor element which is in contact with a first surface portion of the bore, a second anchor element which is in contact with a second surface portion of the bore, a Piezo element or a bending element which is equipped with at least one strain gauge which is arranged between the first anchor element and the second anchor element and means for measurement of a voltage or charge which is created by the Piezo element due to a deformation of the same or for measurement of a resistance of the at least one strain gauge due to the bending of the bending element.
The first surface portion and the second surface portion are preferably arranged diametrically in the bore. The first anchor element and/or the second anchor element are preferably positive substance joint on the first and/or second surface portion. Here, a welding or soldering or glueing connection is preferred. Alternatively, the first anchor element and/or the second anchor element can be frictionally engaged at the first and/or second surface portion.
The first anchor element and/or the second anchor element have preferably a supporting arm, wherein the Piezo element or the bending element with the at least one strain gauge is arranged at the supporting arm. Preferably, the Piezo element or the bending element with the at least one strain gauge is arranged at the end of the supporting arm. The supporting arms can extend in a direction which is perpendicular to the direction which in turn is perpendicular onto the surface of the bore at the surface portion where the anchor elements are arranged. Supporting arms are preferably arranged at both anchor elements, wherein the dimensions of the supporting arms are preferably different. The different dimension relates specifically and preferably to the thickness of the supporting arms measured in a direction perpendicular onto the surface of the bore at the surface portion where the anchor elements are arranged. The thickness of one of the supporting arms is preferably at least five times of the thickness of the other one of the supporting arms.
A further embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the transition zone between the smaller supporting arm and the anchor element has at least partially a concave, especially a semi-circular, shape seen in the axial direction of the roller element.
The Piezo element has preferably a rod-shaped design. In this case a longitudinal axis of the Piezo element can be directed into the direction perpendicu- lar onto the surface of the bore at the surface portion where the anchor elements are arranged.
The Piezo element has preferably a circular or rectangular cross section in a cut perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
The means for measurement are preferably designed for a wireless communication with a receiver which is located outside of the roller element.
The roller element is preferably a cylindrical roller or taper roller.
Thus, the concept according to the invention is basing on a Piezo bending load sensor for a sensorized bearing roller. A Piezo bending load cell is used to measure deformation of the through hole in the roller element under load. The dimorph Piezo bending sensor is preferably suspended between two points opposite to each other on the inner diameter of the through hole within the rolling element. During bending of the Piezo element a voltage or an electrical charge is generated which is measured to conclude to the load onto the bearing.
Alternatively to the Piezo element, a bending arm can be employed which is equipped with at least one strain gauge. Here, the resistance of the strain gauge is measured by the means for measurement to conclude to the load which is acting onto the roller element and thus onto the roller bearing.
The sensor design is compensating for the "radial motion" which is exerted onto the roller element as this element is deformed from a circular shape into an elliptical shape, wherein the deforming forces run around the circumference of the roller element when regarded from a coordinate system which is connected with the roller element. Another, less obvious motion of the first surface portion relative to the opposite second surface portion - when the forces run around the circumference of the roller element - is a motion in y direction (see below) further referred to as "chewing motion".
The "radial motion" component is eliminated from the total relative motion of the first and second surface portions using the thin supporting art (acting as a leaf spring). This thin supporting arm prevents excessive longitudinal forces (in x direction, see below) onto the Piezo element. The thin supporting arm (leaf spring) will transfer a up/down motion in y direction to one of the ends of the Piezo element, causing an alternating bending in this element.
The preferred applications of the proposed concept are large bearings like for example in the field of wind energy systems and industrial machines in the pulp and paper and steel industry.
The rotation of the rolling element will deform the bore within the rolling element. The Piezo sensor will bend and generate a voltage or electrical charge which can be correlated with the load on the rolling element. A calibration measurement allows the correlation of measured voltages / electrical charges of the Piezo element and the force which acts onto the bearing.
A maximum displacement with an amplitude of approximately 12.5 μηι can be expected. The frequency of the movement is double the rolling element frequency. This corresponds for example to a rolling element frequency of 4.5 Hz at a large size bearing with an inner ring rotational speed of 15 rpm. The Piezo sensor will deflect in S-shape which means that the maximum free deflection is the half of the cantilever motion and thus 12.5 μιη. So, a cost-effective load sensing is established which demands only modifications of existing bearing arrangements.
Brief description of the drawings
The drawings show an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 1 shows a side view of a roller bearing,
Fig. 2 shows a side view of a roller element of the roller bearing according to Fig. 1,
Fig. 3 shows an enlarged view of the side view according to Fig. 2 and
Fig. 4 shows the voltage detected by a Piezo element in the roller element, measured over the time.
Detailed description of the invention
In Fig. 1 a roller bearing 2 is shown. The bearing 2 has an outer bearing ring 14 and an inner bearing ring 15. Between the bearing rings 14, 15 roller elements 1 are located. The roller bearing is under a certain load F which is transferred via the roller elements 1 from the outer bearing ring 14 to the inner bearing ring 15 or vice versa. At least one of the roller elements 1 - or only one of the roller elements 1 - is equipped with a device 3 for detecting the load which is transferred via the roller element 1. Such a roller element 1 is shown in Fig. 2. More specifically, the device 3 for detecting the load is arranged in a central bore 4 which is machined in the roller element 1. The bore 4 and the roller element 1 have the same axis, marked by the axial direction a in Fig. 2. When a load is transferred through the roller element 1 the force acts in radial direction R onto the element 1.
In Fig. 3 an enlarged depiction is shown from which is becomes apparent how the device 3 for detecting the load is designed.
In the bore 4 of the roller element 1 two anchor elements 5 and 7 are fixed at two opposing surface portions 6 and 8 which are arranged diagonally in the bore 4. In the present case the anchor elements 5, 7 are fixed by welding or soldering.
Each of the two anchor elements 5, 7 have a supporting arm 11 and 12 which extend from the anchor element 5, 7 in a direction y which is perpendicular on a direction x which in turn is arranged perpendicular on the surface of the bore 4 at the first and second surface 6 and 8. Between the ends of the supporting arms 11, 12 a Piezo element 9 is arranged.
The two supporting arms 11, 12 have different thicknesses and t2 measured in the direction x.
That is, the supporting arm 12 can transfer a movement of the second surface portion 8 onto the Piezo element 9 in the direction y, but not in direction x. In direction x the supporting arm 12 acts like a spring element. By doing so the "chewing effect" as mentioned above is eliminated as far as the charge of a force onto the Piezo element 9 is concerned which results from this effect. Thus, only forces due to the load onto the roller element 1 are forwarded to the Piezo element 9 which is subject to bending forces when the roller element 1 is charged with a load.
The intensity of the bending torque onto the Piezo element 9 can be measured by means 10 for measurement of a voltage U or of an electrical charge Q.
To make sure that the Piezo element 9 is acting basically as a pure beam in bending it has a longitudinal axial L which is directed in direction x. Its cross section is e. g. circular or rectangular.
The transition zone 13 between the supporting arm 12 and the second anchor element 7 is presently provided with a semi-circular shape.
In Fig. 4 it is shown schematically which signals are received from the means 10 for measurement of a voltage U over the time t. When the roller element 1 rotates and is charged with a load the voltage signal U has a periodic run over the time U. A whole 360° rotation of the roller element 1 takes place during the time t0.
By measurement the maximum voltage Umax and the minimum voltage Umin it is possible by means of a reference or calibration measurement to conclude to the load which is exerted onto the roller element 1 and thus onto the roller bearing 2. Thus, it is possible to detect the load situation onto the roller bearing in a quite easy way.
The following example and summary should be given:
The through hole 4 in a roller element 1 is in certain applications deforming up to 25 μηι under a maximum load of 140 kN. That means a deflection of 12.5 μηι at nominal load of 70 kN.
The Piezo sensor 9 is integrated in the through hole 4 of the roller element 1 to transform the movement according to the deformation into voltage which can then be measured. The expected voltage is in the range of +/- 290 mV at nominal load.
In an example a Piezo sensor (type: T215-A4-103X) is employed with a free deflection of 12.5 μηι which corresponds to an open circuit voltage of +/- 290 mV which is a considerable signal amplitude suitable for load sensing.
As already mentioned above, instead of a Piezo element a bending element with one or more strain gauges can be mounted between the supporting arms 11, 12. Then, the resistance is measured by the means 10.
Reference Numerals:
1 Roller element
2 Roller bearing
3 Device for detecting the load
4 Bore
5 First anchor element
6 First surface portion
7 Second anchor element
8 Second surface portion
9 Piezo element
10 Means for measurement of a voltage / charge / resistance
11 Supporting arm
12 Supporting arm
13 Transition zone
14 Outer bearing ring
15 Inner bearing ring
F Load
R Radial direction
a Axial direction of the roller element
ti Thickness
t2 Thickness
x Direction perpendicular onto the surface of the bore y Direction perpendicular to the direction x
L Longitudinal axis of the Piezo element
U Voltage
Q Electrical Charge

Claims

Patent Claims:
1. Roller element (1) of a roller bearing (2), wherein the roller element (1) is equipped with a device (3) for detecting the load (F) which is acting radially (R) onto the roller element (1), characterized in that the device (3) is arranged in a bore (4) in the roller element (1) and comprises: a first anchor element (5) which is in contact with a first surface portion (6) of the bore (4), a second anchor element (7) which is in contact with a second surface portion (8) of the bore (4), a Piezo element (9) or a bending element which is equipped with at least one strain gauge which is arranged between the first anchor element (5) and the second anchor element (7) and means for measurement (10) of a voltage (U) or charge (Q) which is created by the Piezo element (9) due to a deformation of the same or for measurement of a resistance of the at least one strain gauge due to the bending of the bending element.
2. Roller element according to claim 1, characterized in that the first surface portion (6) and the second surface portion (8) are arranged diametrically in the bore (4).
3. Roller element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first anchor element (5) and/or the second anchor element (7) are positive substance joint on the first and/or second surface portion (6, 8).
4. Roller element according to claim 3, characterized in that the positive substance joint is a welding or soldering or glueing connection.
5. Roller element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first anchor element (5) and/or the second anchor element (7) are frictionally engaged at the first and/or second surface portion (6, 8).
6. Roller element according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first anchor element (5) and/or the second anchor element (7) have a supporting arm (11, 12), wherein the Piezo element (9) or the bending element with the at least one strain gauge is arranged at the supporting arm (11, 12), preferably at the end of the supporting arm (11, 12).
7. Roller element according to claim 6, characterized in that the supporting arms (11, 12) extend in a direction (y) which is perpendicular to the direction (x) which in turn is perpendicular onto the surface of the bore (4) at the surface portion (6, 8) where the anchor elements (5, 7) are arranged.
8. Roller element according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that supporting arms (11, 12) are arranged at both anchor elements (5, 7), wherein the dimensions of the supporting arms (11, 12) are different.
9. Roller element according to claim 8, characterized in that the different dimension relates to the thickness (tl5 12) of the supporting arms (11, 12) measured in a direction (x) perpendicular onto the surface of the bore (4) at the surface portion (6, 8) where the anchor elements (5, 7) are arranged.
10. Roller element according to claim 9, characterized in that the thickness (ti) of one of the supporting arms (11) is at least five times of the thickness (t2) of the other one of the supporting arms (12).
11. Roller element according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the transition zone (13) between the smaller supporting arm (12) and the anchor element (7) has at least partially a concave, especially a semicircular, shape seen in the axial direction (a) of the roller element (1).
12. Roller element according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the Piezo element (9) has a rod-shaped design.
13. Roller element according to claim 12, characterized in that a longitudinal axis (L) of the Piezo element (9) is directed into the direction (x) perpendicular onto the surface of the bore (4) at the surface portion (6, 8) where the anchor elements (5, 7) are arranged.
14. Roller element according to claim 13, characterized in that the Piezo element (9) has a circular or rectangular cross section in a cut perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (L).
15. Roller element according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the means for measurement (10) are designed for a wireless communication with a receiver outside of the roller element (1).
PCT/EP2015/066703 2014-07-30 2015-07-22 Roller element of a roller bearing Ceased WO2016016054A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1413450.6A GB2528714B (en) 2014-07-30 2014-07-30 Roller element of a roller bearing
GB1413450.6 2014-07-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016016054A1 true WO2016016054A1 (en) 2016-02-04

Family

ID=51587429

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2015/066703 Ceased WO2016016054A1 (en) 2014-07-30 2015-07-22 Roller element of a roller bearing

Country Status (2)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2528714B (en)
WO (1) WO2016016054A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017210289A1 (en) 2016-06-29 2018-01-04 Aktiebolaget Skf Roller with integrated load cell
DE102018200048A1 (en) 2018-01-03 2019-07-04 Aktiebolaget Skf Roller with integrated load detection
DE102018200047A1 (en) 2018-01-03 2019-07-04 Aktiebolaget Skf sensor roller

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9422237U1 (en) * 1993-08-06 1999-05-20 Aktiebolaget SKF, Göteborg/Gotenburg Load-bearing roller bearing
DE69828236T2 (en) * 1997-10-10 2005-12-08 Rks S.A., Avallon bearing arrangement
DE102004026246A1 (en) * 2004-05-28 2005-12-15 Fag Kugelfischer Ag & Co. Ohg Roll body for ball bearing, has sensor integrated for detecting variables influencing on body, where body is formed from ceramic layers that are connected with each other and part of sensor is arranged between two ceramic layers
DE102010005476A1 (en) * 2010-01-23 2011-07-28 Schaeffler Technologies GmbH & Co. KG, 91074 Device for acquisition of load in roller bearing, has unit, which determines alteration of scope contour of body of roller body under load, where unit comprises sensing unit
EP2354578A2 (en) * 2010-01-25 2011-08-10 Jtekt Corporation Load detecting device for roller bearing and roller bearing apparatus
DE102011006907A1 (en) * 2011-04-07 2012-10-11 Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Roller element for use as sensor to detect e.g. rolling force in roller bearing, has electrical contact for connecting piezoelectric element with electronic evaluation unit, and electrically conductive covering comprising two electrodes

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4175430A (en) * 1977-04-04 1979-11-27 Utah Development Company Load measuring apparatus

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9422237U1 (en) * 1993-08-06 1999-05-20 Aktiebolaget SKF, Göteborg/Gotenburg Load-bearing roller bearing
DE69828236T2 (en) * 1997-10-10 2005-12-08 Rks S.A., Avallon bearing arrangement
DE102004026246A1 (en) * 2004-05-28 2005-12-15 Fag Kugelfischer Ag & Co. Ohg Roll body for ball bearing, has sensor integrated for detecting variables influencing on body, where body is formed from ceramic layers that are connected with each other and part of sensor is arranged between two ceramic layers
DE102010005476A1 (en) * 2010-01-23 2011-07-28 Schaeffler Technologies GmbH & Co. KG, 91074 Device for acquisition of load in roller bearing, has unit, which determines alteration of scope contour of body of roller body under load, where unit comprises sensing unit
EP2354578A2 (en) * 2010-01-25 2011-08-10 Jtekt Corporation Load detecting device for roller bearing and roller bearing apparatus
DE102011006907A1 (en) * 2011-04-07 2012-10-11 Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Roller element for use as sensor to detect e.g. rolling force in roller bearing, has electrical contact for connecting piezoelectric element with electronic evaluation unit, and electrically conductive covering comprising two electrodes

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017210289A1 (en) 2016-06-29 2018-01-04 Aktiebolaget Skf Roller with integrated load cell
DE102018200048A1 (en) 2018-01-03 2019-07-04 Aktiebolaget Skf Roller with integrated load detection
DE102018200047A1 (en) 2018-01-03 2019-07-04 Aktiebolaget Skf sensor roller
EP3508830A1 (en) 2018-01-03 2019-07-10 Aktiebolaget SKF Sensorized roller
EP3508831A1 (en) 2018-01-03 2019-07-10 Aktiebolaget SKF Roller with integrated load detection
US10570956B2 (en) 2018-01-03 2020-02-25 Aktiebolaget Skf Sensorized roller
US10767703B2 (en) 2018-01-03 2020-09-08 Aktiebolaget Skf Roller with integrated load detection

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2528714B (en) 2017-10-25
GB2528714A (en) 2016-02-03
GB201413450D0 (en) 2014-09-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN107542757B (en) Roller with integrated load sensing device
CN101156074B (en) Bearings with sensors mounted on the cage
US20210277954A1 (en) Rolling element for use in a rolling-element bearing
US10570956B2 (en) Sensorized roller
US20180274682A1 (en) Sealing device
US20180128697A1 (en) Machine element with a sensor device and method of manufacturing a machine element
CN116075705A (en) For a measuring device arranged in a cylindrical interior section of a hollow body
EP3379198B1 (en) Method and system for detecting bend in rotating shaft of magnetic bearing
EP3425225B1 (en) Detecting apparatus for detecting axial displacement of bearing unit
JP6907993B2 (en) Acting force detector for rotating body
CN112639317B (en) Sliding bearing assembly
JP5808548B2 (en) Rolling bearing and wind power generator
JP2017096445A (en) Rolling bearing with sensor
CN108138841A (en) Rolling bearing device with strain sensor device
CN104937365A (en) Moment or rolling bearing arrangement having sensor system
GB2528714A (en) Roller element of a roller bearing
US20200200223A1 (en) Anti-friction bearing
JP2008541091A (en) Wheel end with load sensing function
US10788381B2 (en) Load measurement device and method for determining load
JP5715342B2 (en) Thrust load detection mechanism
CN106768535B (en) Double-range detection torque sensor with overload protection and manufacturing method thereof
CN110691917A (en) Preload force measurement with force measuring screws
CN203856889U (en) Self-sensing tapered roller bearing of wind-driven generator
KR101245747B1 (en) Torsional vibration measuring apparatus
JP2009041704A (en) Rolling bearing device

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 15739594

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 15739594

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1