WO2016011645A1 - 超声成像方法和系统 - Google Patents

超声成像方法和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016011645A1
WO2016011645A1 PCT/CN2014/082941 CN2014082941W WO2016011645A1 WO 2016011645 A1 WO2016011645 A1 WO 2016011645A1 CN 2014082941 W CN2014082941 W CN 2014082941W WO 2016011645 A1 WO2016011645 A1 WO 2016011645A1
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signal
ultrasound imaging
ultrasound
threshold
sound
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李勇
刘硕
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Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2014/082941 priority Critical patent/WO2016011645A1/zh
Priority to CN201480080775.2A priority patent/CN106535771A/zh
Publication of WO2016011645A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016011645A1/zh
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to ultrasound technology, and more particularly to an ultrasound imaging method and system.
  • the traditional personal health information management system collects various physiological and pathological parameters (including heart) under various states (including sleep, rapid eye movement, waking, exercise, eating, mental excitement, lack of body, different body postures, etc.). Electrical, EEG, magnetic cardiogram, pulse oximetry, impedance, MRI, CT, ultrasound, fluoroscope, X-ray and other instruments and methods obtained by using various mathematical methods for analysis and processing The health information of the human body manages the health of the human body.
  • the physiological and pathological parameters monitored by conventional sleep monitoring devices and methods are parameters suitable for long-term detection, such as breathing, heart rate, etc., resulting in limited physiological and pathological parameters that can be obtained.
  • the present invention provides an ultrasound imaging method, comprising the steps of: collecting a sleep related signal; determining whether the sleep related signal satisfies a preset condition; if the sleep related signal satisfies a preset condition, starting the pair Ultrasound imaging of the region of interest.
  • the sleep related signal is an ultrasound Doppler signal of tracheal motion.
  • the method further comprises obtaining a velocity of the tracheal motion based on the ultrasound Doppler signal, and activating the ultrasound imaging when the velocity of the tracheal motion is greater than a first threshold.
  • the sleep related signal is a breath sound volume.
  • the ultrasound imaging is initiated when the breath sound volume is greater than a second threshold.
  • the ultrasound imaging is stopped when the breath sound volume is less than or equal to the second threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold exceeds a preset value.
  • the sleep related signal is a heart sound signal.
  • the splitting time of the first heart sound in the heart sound signal is greater than a third threshold and/or the time variability of the amplitude of the first heart sound in the heart sound signal is greater than a fourth threshold and the ultrasound imaging is initiated when the temporal variability of the amplitude of the second heart sound in the heart sound signal is greater than a fifth threshold.
  • the ultrasonic signal and/or the ultrasound image obtained by the ultrasound imaging are further analyzed, and the analysis result is displayed.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an ultrasound imaging system, comprising: a signal acquisition unit configured to collect a sleep related signal; a determination unit configured to determine whether the sleep related signal satisfies a preset condition; and an ultrasound And an imaging unit, configured to initiate ultrasound imaging of the region of interest when the determination result of the determining unit is that the sleep related signal satisfies a preset condition.
  • the signal acquisition unit is a monitoring probe for transmitting ultrasonic waves to the air tube and receiving ultrasonic echoes to obtain an ultrasound Doppler signal of the air tube movement.
  • the determining unit obtains the speed of the air tube movement according to the ultrasonic Doppler signal and determines whether the air tube movement speed is greater than a first threshold, and when the determining unit determines the air tube
  • the ultrasound imaging unit initiates ultrasound imaging of the region of interest when the motion velocity is greater than the first threshold.
  • the signal acquisition unit is a sound sensor, and the sound sensor is used to collect a breath sound volume.
  • the ultrasound imaging unit when the determining unit determines that the breath sound volume is greater than a second threshold, the ultrasound imaging unit initiates ultrasound imaging of the region of interest.
  • the signal acquisition unit is a sound sensor, and the sound sensor is used to collect a heart sound signal of a human body.
  • the determining unit determines that the splitting time of the first heart sound in the heart sound signal is greater than a third threshold and/or a time variability of the amplitude of the first heart sound in the heart sound signal.
  • the ultrasound imaging unit initiates ultrasound imaging of the region of interest when a time variability greater than a fourth threshold and/or a magnitude of a second heart sound in the heart sound signal is greater than a fifth threshold.
  • the signal processing unit and the display unit are further configured to analyze the ultrasonic signal and/or the ultrasound image obtained by the ultrasound imaging unit and display the analysis result.
  • the above-mentioned ultrasonic imaging method and system can realize the ultrasonic imaging which automatically triggers the human body during sleep by judging the collected sleep-related signals and triggering the ultrasound imaging, and increases the items that can be monitored during the sleep process.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of an ultrasound imaging method in one embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of an ultrasonic imaging system in one embodiment.
  • Embodiments of the invention may be implemented in hardware, firmware, software, or any combination thereof. Embodiments of the invention may also be implemented as instructions stored on a machine-readable medium, which may be read and executed by one or more processors.
  • a machine-readable medium can include any mechanism (eg, a computing device) for storing or transmitting information in a form readable by a machine.
  • a machine-readable medium can include read only memory (ROM); random access memory (RAM); magnetic disk storage media; optical storage media; flash memory devices; electrical, optical, acoustic, or other forms of propagated signals (eg, carrier waves, Infrared signals, digital signals, etc.) and others.
  • SDB sleep-disordered breathing
  • Sleep-disordered breathing is mainly for a variety of common sleep disorders such as snoring, sleep apnea, sleep hypopnea, insomnia, snooze, circadian rhythm, sleep-related dyskinesia, rapid eye movement sleep Comprehensive examination and treatment of disorders such as behavioral abnormalities and narcolepsy.
  • Whole-night sleep and respiratory monitoring has been classified by the American Association of Professional Physicians as a routine examination program for diseases such as hypertension and diabetes.
  • SAS Sleep apnea syndrome
  • OSA obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
  • OSA can lead to a reduction in total sleep time, progressive hypoxemia, and hypercapnia, all of which can cause changes in cardiovascular function.
  • test data may be excessive and is not conducive to subsequent analysis.
  • an ultrasound imaging method which uses a sensor to monitor physiological parameters of the human body, such as an ultrasound Doppler signal for monitoring tracheal motion or a sound emitted from a certain part (such as snoring, heart sound, etc.), when the physiological parameters of the human body obtained by the monitoring are satisfied.
  • physiological parameters of the human body such as an ultrasound Doppler signal for monitoring tracheal motion or a sound emitted from a certain part (such as snoring, heart sound, etc.
  • the medical ultrasound equipment automatically initiates ultrasound imaging, collects images and data of tissue and organ (such as the heart) of the research object, and performs automatic analysis for clinical research.
  • an ultrasound imaging method of an embodiment includes the following steps:
  • step S110 a sleep related signal is collected.
  • the sleep related signal can be an ultrasound Doppler signal for tracheal motion.
  • the speed of tracheal motion can be obtained by processing the ultrasound Doppler signal of the tracheal motion.
  • a state of a sleep disorder for example, snoring, etc.
  • the human body can be considered to be in a sleep disorder state.
  • the speed of motion in the trachea is measured to be 10-20 cm/s (cm/sec)
  • the human body can be considered to be in a sleep disorder state.
  • the method of obtaining the speed of motion based on the ultrasonic Doppler signal may be a method commonly used in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the sleep related signal can be a heart sound signal.
  • the heart sound is the sound produced when the heart contracts and relaxes. It can be heard on the chest wall with an ear or a stethoscope, or it can be recorded with an electronic device (for example, a heart sound map machine). Heart sounds can be divided into first heart sounds (S1, normally audible), second heart sounds (S2, normally audible), and third heart sounds (S3, usually only available to children and adolescents), The fourth heart sound (S4, rarely heard in normal situations).
  • the heart sounds produced from the heart are transmitted through the tissue to the chest wall surface, where bone conduction is best, blood and muscle are second, and lung and fat tissue are the worst.
  • Physiological murmurs can be produced by factors such as an increase in the speed of blood spurting of the heart.
  • the collected heart sound signal it can be determined whether the human body is currently in a sleep disorder. For example, when the splitting time of the first heart sound in the heart sound signal is greater than the third threshold and/or the time variability of the amplitude of the first heart sound in the heart sound signal is greater than the fourth threshold and/or the second heart sound in the heart sound signal When the time variability of the magnitude of the amplitude is greater than the fifth threshold, it can be considered that the human body is currently processing the state of the sleep disorder, and at this time, ultrasound imaging of the region of interest can be initiated.
  • the splitting time of the first heart sound may be, for example, the interval time between the first and second heart sounds.
  • the time variability of the amplitude of the first heart sound may, for example, refer to the amplitude of the first heart sound over the two periods before and after (eg, the mean or extreme value of the amplitude of the first heart sound during the two periods before and after, etc.
  • the rate of change of e.g., the ratio of the difference between the amplitudes of the first heart sounds in the two periods before and after and the amplitude of the first heart sound in the previous period or the latter period, etc.).
  • the time variability of the amplitude of the second heart sound can be, for example, the amplitude of the second heart sound over the two periods before and after (eg, the mean or extreme value of the amplitude of the second heart sound during the two periods before and after, etc.
  • the rate of change eg, the ratio of the difference between the amplitudes of the second heart sounds in the two periods before and after, and the amplitude of the second heart sound in the previous period or the latter period, etc.).
  • the sleep related signal may be a breath sound (eg, a beep, etc.). Breathing sound is generated in the trachea and lungs, and is transmitted to the body surface by tissues such as alveoli, trachea, and thoracic cavity. It is a sound signal. Breath sounds not only reflect the characteristics of the respiratory system, but also reflect the acoustic characteristics of the media such as lung tissue, trachea and chest wall. The frequency components and signal characteristics of these signals contain the pathological and physiological information of the human respiratory system. Combining advanced sensor technology and computer technology to carry out breath sound research will greatly improve the ability to analyze the respiratory diseases of the human body.
  • breath sound eg, a beep, etc.
  • the human body When the volume of the breath sound is greater than the second threshold, the human body is considered to be in a state of sleep disorder, and at this time, the corresponding region of interest (for example, an organ in the human body) is ultrasonically imaged to obtain an ultrasound image of the region of interest, Learn more about related sleep disorders.
  • the corresponding region of interest for example, an organ in the human body
  • step S120 it is determined whether the sleep related signal satisfies a preset condition.
  • the human body when the speed of the tracheal movement is greater than the first threshold, the human body is considered to be in a sleep disorder state, and at this time, the region of interest (for example, an organ in the human body) may be activated.
  • the region of interest for example, an organ in the human body
  • the human body when the breath sound volume is greater than the second threshold, the human body may be considered to be in a state of sleep disorder, and at this time, ultrasound imaging of the region of interest (eg, an organ in the human body) may be initiated.
  • region of interest eg, an organ in the human body
  • the splitting time of the first heart sound in the heart sound signal is greater than the third threshold and/or the time variability of the amplitude of the first heart sound in the heart sound signal is greater than the fourth threshold and/or the second heart sound in the heart sound signal
  • the time variability of the magnitude of the amplitude is greater than the fifth threshold, it can be considered that the human body is currently processing the state of the sleep disorder, and at this time, ultrasound imaging of the region of interest can be initiated.
  • the specific values of the foregoing first threshold, the second threshold, the third threshold, the fourth threshold, and the fifth threshold may be selected according to actual conditions.
  • the first threshold corresponding to the velocity of the tracheal motion may be 10-20 cm/s (eg, 20 cm/s); the second threshold corresponding to the volume of the breath sound (eg, click) may be 30-60 dB.
  • the third threshold corresponding to the splitting time of the first heart sound may be 0.04-0.07 seconds (for example, 0.06 seconds);
  • the fourth threshold value corresponding to the temporal variability of the amplitude of the first heart sound may be 15 %-25% (eg, 20%);
  • the time variability of the amplitude of the second heart sound corresponds to a fifth threshold of 15%-25% (eg, 20%);
  • the ultrasound Doppler signal, heart sound signal and breath sound volume of tracheal motion By studying the ultrasound Doppler signal, heart sound signal and breath sound volume of tracheal motion, it is possible to specifically and intuitively understand the changes of organs when there is a sleep disorder in the human body.
  • the tracheal movement speed, the heart sound signal, or the breath sound volume obtained by the ultrasonic Doppler signal satisfies the above-described preset condition, the human body can be considered to be in a state of sleep disorder.
  • the state of the organ at the time of the sleep disorder can be found and the corresponding cause can be found.
  • Step S130 if yes, initiate ultrasound imaging of the region of interest.
  • the human body when it is determined that the sleep related signal has met the preset condition, the human body may be considered to be in a sleep disorder state, and at this time, ultrasound imaging of the region of interest may be initiated to obtain ultrasound of the region of interest. Images are viewed and analyzed by doctors.
  • the volume of the breath sound for example, the click sound
  • the human body is considered to be in a state of sleep disorder
  • the ultrasound imaging is started, and the state of the organ at the time of snoring is studied, and the in-depth understanding can be obtained. Changes in organs during sleep disorders.
  • the ultrasound imaging is stopped when the breath sound (eg, click) volume is less than or equal to the second threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold exceeds a preset value.
  • the "ultrasound imaging" of the region of interest referred to herein may be a conventional ultrasound imaging process performed on a region of interest, such as B-mode imaging, C-mode imaging, D-mode imaging, M-mode imaging, etc. Wait. These conventional ultrasound imaging procedures are known in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
  • step S140 the scanned ultrasonic signal is analyzed.
  • Correlated ultrasound signals and/or ultrasound images can be obtained by ultrasound imaging a region of interest (eg, a particular organ, such as the heart).
  • the resulting ultrasound signals and/or ultrasound images are the basis for analysis of respiratory sleep disorders and corresponding organs. By analyzing relevant data, you can help identify the cause of respiratory sleep disorders and find ways to overcome respiratory sleep disorders.
  • step S150 the analysis result is displayed.
  • the above ultrasonic imaging method can automatically scan the human body during sleep by judging the collected sleep-related signals and triggering the ultrasound imaging process.
  • an ultrasound imaging system 100 comprising: a signal acquisition unit 110, a determination unit 120, an ultrasound imaging unit 130, a signal processing unit 140, and a display unit 150.
  • the signal acquisition unit 110 is configured to collect sleep related signals.
  • signal acquisition unit 110 can be a monitoring probe.
  • the monitoring probe herein may be an ultrasonic probe capable of transmitting ultrasonic waves to the monitoring target and receiving ultrasonic echoes, for example, an ultrasonic probe attached to the human body or the like.
  • the monitoring probe is used to transmit ultrasound waves to the trachea and receive ultrasound echoes to obtain an ultrasound Doppler signal for tracheal motion.
  • the speed of tracheal motion can be obtained by monitoring the probe's ultrasound Doppler signal for tracheal motion. According to the speed of the tracheal movement, it can be judged whether the human body is in a state of sleep disorder.
  • signal acquisition unit 110 may be a sound sensor (eg, a microphone) that is used to collect a volume of breath sounds (eg, clicks).
  • a sound sensor eg, a microphone
  • breath sounds eg, clicks
  • Breathing sound is generated in the trachea and lungs, and is transmitted to the body surface by tissues such as alveoli, trachea, and thoracic cavity. It is a sound signal. Breath sounds not only reflect the characteristics of the respiratory system, but also reflect the acoustic characteristics of the media such as lung tissue, trachea and chest wall. The frequency components and signal characteristics of these signals contain the pathological and physiological information of the human respiratory system. Combining advanced sensor technology and computer technology to carry out breath sound research will greatly improve the ability to analyze the respiratory diseases of the human body.
  • the sound signal includes a heart sound signal and a breath sound signal.
  • the signal acquisition unit 110 can be a sound sensor (eg, a heart sound map machine) for acquiring heart sound signals of the human body.
  • a sound sensor eg, a heart sound map machine
  • the heart sound is the sound produced when the heart contracts and relaxes. It can be heard on the chest wall with an ear or a stethoscope, or it can be recorded by electronic means.
  • the heart sound can be divided into a first heart sound (S1) second heart sound (S2). (Can be heard under normal circumstances).
  • the heart sounds produced from the heart are transmitted through the tissue to the chest wall surface, where bone conduction is best, blood and muscle are second, and lung and fat tissue are the worst. In the normal heart, factors such as the speed of the blood spurting of the heart can produce physiological murmurs.
  • the collected heart sound signal it can be determined whether the human body is currently in a sleep disorder. For example, when the splitting time of the first heart sound in the heart sound signal is greater than the third threshold and/or the time variability of the amplitude of the first heart sound in the heart sound signal is greater than the fourth threshold and/or the second heart sound in the heart sound signal When the time variability of the magnitude of the amplitude is greater than the fifth threshold, it can be considered that the human body is currently processing the state of the sleep disorder, and at this time, ultrasound imaging of the region of interest can be initiated.
  • the determining unit 120 is configured to determine whether the sleep related signal satisfies a preset condition.
  • the ultrasound imaging unit 130 may be activated to the region of interest (for example, in the human body). Organizer) for ultrasound imaging.
  • the human body when the breath sound volume is greater than the second threshold, the human body may be considered to be in a sleep disorder state, and at this time, the ultrasound imaging unit 130 may be activated to perform ultrasound imaging on the region of interest (eg, an organ in the human body).
  • the region of interest eg, an organ in the human body
  • the splitting time of the first heart sound in the heart sound signal is greater than the third threshold and/or the time variability of the amplitude of the first heart sound in the heart sound signal is greater than the fourth threshold and/or the second heart sound in the heart sound signal
  • the temporal variability of the magnitude of the amplitude is greater than the fifth threshold, it can be considered that the human body currently processes the sleep disorder, and at this time, the ultrasound imaging unit 130 can be activated to image the ultrasound of the region of interest.
  • the specific values of the foregoing first threshold, the second threshold, the third threshold, the fourth threshold, and the fifth threshold may be selected according to actual conditions.
  • the first threshold corresponding to the velocity of the tracheal motion may be 10-20 cm/s (eg, 20 cm/s); the second threshold corresponding to the volume of the breath sound (eg, click) may be 30-60 dB.
  • the third threshold corresponding to the splitting time of the first heart sound may be 0.04-0.07 seconds (for example, 0.06 seconds);
  • the fourth threshold value corresponding to the temporal variability of the amplitude of the first heart sound may be 15 %-25% (eg, 20%);
  • the time variability of the amplitude of the second heart sound corresponds to a fifth threshold of 15%-25% (eg, 20%);
  • the ultrasound Doppler signal By studying the ultrasound Doppler signal, heart sound or breath sound volume of tracheal motion, it is possible to specifically and intuitively understand the changes of organs when there is a sleep disorder in the human body.
  • the speed, heart sound, or breath sound volume of the tracheal motion obtained by the ultrasonic Doppler signal satisfies the above-described preset condition, the human body can be considered to be in a state of sleep disorder.
  • the ultrasonic Doppler signal satisfies the above-described preset condition
  • the human body can be considered to be in a state of sleep disorder.
  • the ultrasound imaging unit 130 is configured to initiate ultrasound imaging of the region of interest when the determination result of the determination unit is YES.
  • the ultrasound imaging unit 130 can include an ultrasound probe and a corresponding signal processing module and/or image processing module.
  • the ultrasound probe can transmit ultrasound waves to the region of interest and receive corresponding ultrasound echoes, and the signal processing module and/or image processing module processes the ultrasound echoes accordingly to obtain ultrasound images of the region of interest.
  • the ultrasound probe may be a hand-held ultrasound probe and/or an ultrasound probe affixed to a body surface.
  • the above-mentioned ultrasonic probe can be used to scan the organs of the human body more specifically.
  • a signal processing unit 140 for analyzing an ultrasonic signal and/or an ultrasound image obtained by ultrasound imaging may also be included.
  • Correlated ultrasound signals and/or ultrasound images can be obtained by ultrasound imaging of a particular organ, such as the heart.
  • the resulting ultrasound signals and/or ultrasound images are the basis for analysis of respiratory sleep disorders and corresponding organs.
  • the signal processing unit 140 can assist in finding out the cause of the respiratory sleep disorder by analyzing the relevant data, and find a method for overcoming the respiratory sleep disorder.
  • the display unit 150 is for displaying the analysis result.
  • the foregoing determining unit 120 and/or the signal processing unit 140 may be integrated in the signal processing module and/or the image processing module of the ultrasound imaging unit 130, or may be a signal processing module with the ultrasound imaging unit 130. And/or components separated by the image processing module.
  • the foregoing display unit 150 may be integrated in the ultrasound imaging unit 130 or may be a separate display unit.
  • the above-mentioned ultrasonic imaging system 100 determines the sleep-related signal collected by the signal acquisition unit 110 by the determining unit 120, triggers the ultrasonic imaging unit 130 to perform ultrasonic imaging, and can automatically scan the human body during sleep.

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Abstract

一种超声成像方法，包括如下步骤：采集睡眠相关的信号；判断所述睡眠相关的信号是否满足预设的条件；如果是，启动对感兴趣区域的超声成像。上述超声成像方法通过对采集的睡眠相关的信号进行判断，并触发超声成像，能够实现在睡眠中对人体进行自动触发的扫描。此外，还提供了一种超声成像系统。

Description

超声成像方法和系统
【技术领域】
本发明涉及超声技术，特别是涉及一种超声成像方法和系统。
【背景技术】
传统的个人健康信息管理系统，通过搜集整理各状态（包括睡眠、快速动眼期、清醒、运动、进食、精神亢奋、精神萎靡、不同身体姿势等）下的各类生理、病理参数（包括心电、脑电、磁心动图、脉搏血氧饱和度、阻抗，MRI，CT，超声、荧光镜、X光等仪器及方法得到的信号参数），使用各种数学方法进行分析及处理，从而获得人体的健康信息，管理人体的健康状况。
在人体健康管理方式中，睡眠时监测各种生理、病理参数具有特殊意义，特别是对于睡眠医学而言。然而，传统的睡眠监测设备和方法监测的生理、病理参数为适合长期进行检测的参数，例如呼吸、心率等等，导致能够获得的生理、病理参数有限。
【发明内容】
基于此，有必要针对传统的睡眠监测设备和方法监测的生理、病理参数有限的问题，提出一种超声成像方法和系统。
本发明提供了一种超声成像方法，包括如下步骤：采集睡眠相关的信号；判断所述睡眠相关的信号是否满足预设的条件；如果所述睡眠相关的信号满足预设的条件，则启动对感兴趣区域的超声成像。
本发明的一个实施例中，所述睡眠相关的信号为气管运动的超声多普勒信号。
本发明的一个实施例中，还包括根据所述超声多普勒信号获得所述气管运动的速度，并且当所述气管运动的速度大于第一阈值时，启动所述超声成像。
本发明的一个实施例中，所述睡眠相关的信号为呼吸音音量。
本发明的一个实施例中，当所述呼吸音音量大于第二阈值时，启动所述超声成像。
本发明的一个实施例中，当所述呼吸音音量小于或等于所述第二阈值且小于或等于所述第二阈值的时间超过预设值，停止所述超声成像。
本发明的一个实施例中，所述睡眠相关的信号为心音信号。
本发明的一个实施例中，当所述心音信号中的第一心音的分裂时间大于第三阈值和/或所述心音信号中的第一心音的幅度的时间变异率大于第四阈值和/或所述心音信号中的第二心音的幅度的时间变异率大于第五阈值时，启动所述超声成像。
本发明的一个实施例中，还包括对所述超声成像获得的超声信号和/或超声图像进行分析，并显示分析结果。
本发明的实施例中还提供了一种超声成像系统，包括：信号采集单元，用于采集睡眠相关的信号；判断单元，用于判断所述睡眠相关的信号是否满足预设的条件；及超声成像单元，用于在判断单元的判断结果为所述睡眠相关的信号满足预设的条件时，启动对感兴趣区域进行超声成像。
本发明的一个实施例中，所述信号采集单元为监测探头，所述监测探头用于向气管发射超声波并且接收超声回波，获得所述气管运动的超声多普勒信号。
本发明的一个实施例中，所述判断单元根据所述超声多普勒信号获得所述气管运动的速度并判断所述气管运动速度是否大于第一阈值，并且当所述判断单元判断所述气管运动速度大于所述第一阈值时，所述超声成像单元启动对所述感兴趣区域进行超声成像。
本发明的一个实施例中，所述信号采集单元为声音传感器，所述声音传感器用于采集呼吸音音量。
本发明的一个实施例中，当所述判断单元判断所述呼吸音音量大于第二阈值时，所述超声成像单元启动对所述感兴趣区域进行超声成像。
本发明的一个实施例中，所述信号采集单元为声音传感器，所述声音传感器用于采集人体的心音信号。
本发明的一个实施例中，当所述判断单元判断所述心音信号中的第一心音的分裂时间大于第三阈值和/或所述心音信号中的第一心音的幅度的时间变异率大于第四阈值和/或所述心音信号中的第二心音的幅度的时间变异率大于第五阈值时，所述超声成像单元启动对所述感兴趣区域进行超声成像。
本发明的一个实施例中，还包括信号处理单元和显示单元，用于对所述超声成像单元获得的超声信号和/或超声图像进行分析，并显示分析结果。
上述超声成像方法和系统通过对采集的睡眠相关的信号进行判断，并触发超声成像，能够实现在睡眠中对人体进行自动触发的超声成像，增加了在睡眠过程中可以监测的项目。
【附图说明】
图1为一个实施例中的超声成像方法的流程图；
图2为一个实施例中的超声成像系统的结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
本说明书中提及的“一个实施例”、“实施例”、“示例性实施例”等表明所描述的实施例可包括特定的特征、结构或特性，但是每个实施例不一定都包括特定的特征、结构或特性。而且，这些用语不一定指代相同的实施例。此外，当特定的特征、结构或特性与实施例结合描述时，无论是否明确地说明，都认为结合其它实施例来实施这样的特征、结构或特性是在本领域技术人员的知识范围内。
本发明的实施例可以硬件、固件、软件或其任意组合来实现。本发明的实施例还可实现为存储在机器可读介质上的指令，机器可读介质可由一个或多个处理器来读取和执行。机器可读介质可包括用于以机器能够读取的形式存储或传送信息的任何机构(例如，计算设备)。例如，机器可读介质可包括只读存储器(ROM)；随机存取存储器(RAM)；磁盘储存介质；光学储存介质；闪存设备；电、光、声音或其它形式的传播信号(例如，载波、红外信号、数字信号等)以及其它。
睡眠医学是一门新兴的边缘交叉学科，已成为临床医学领域一个独立的专业。睡眠呼吸障碍（SDB）诊疗及研究方面的巨大进展是推动睡眠医学成型及发展的最重要因素。主要原因有：1、SDB为多发病、常见病，但尚待认识；2、SDB是一严重疾患，可累及全身各个系统，显著增加患者并发症的发生率及死亡率；3、SDB可以治疗。
睡眠呼吸障碍（SDB）的诊疗主要是针对各类常见的睡眠障碍，如鼾症、睡眠呼吸暂停、睡眠低通气、失眠、贪睡、昼夜节律异常、睡眠有关的运动障碍、快速眼球运动睡眠期行为异常和发作性睡病等疾患进行综合检查和治疗。整夜睡眠呼吸监测已被美国相关职业医师学会列为与高血压和糖尿病等类似疾病的常规检查项目。
睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（SAS）已被公认为一种独立存在的常见的呼吸机能障碍性疾病，其中以阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）最多见。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）可导致总睡眠时间减少，进行性低氧血症和高碳酸血症等变化，而它们均可引起心血管功能的改变。
综上所述，针对存在睡眠障碍的病人，使用医用超声设备检测其身体机能的状态与改变，如进行超声心动图、血流多普勒等检测，具有重要的临床价值。而这些检测需要人体进入一定的状态后方能进行检测，如果在没有进入相应状态时就进行检测并一直持续到进入相应状态后，所获得的检测数据会过多而不利于后续的分析。
因此，提出一种超声成像方法，使用传感器监测人体的生理参数，例如监测气管运动的超声多普勒信号或某部位发出的声音（如鼾声、心音等），当监测获得的人体的生理参数满足某种条件时，医用超声设备自动启动超声成像，采集研究对象的组织器官（如心脏）图像及数据，进行自动分析，供临床研究。
如图1所示，一实施例的超声成像方法，包括如下步骤：
步骤S110，采集睡眠相关的信号。
在一个具体的实施例中，睡眠相关的信号可以为气管运动的超声多普勒信号。
通过对气管运动的超声多普勒信号进行处理，可以获得气管运动的速度。根据气管运动的速度，能够判断人体是否处于睡眠障碍（例如，打鼾等等）的状态中。例如，当气管运动的速度大于第一阈值时，可以认为人体处理睡眠障碍状态中。例如，一个实施例中，当测得气管中运动的速度达到10-20cm/s（厘米/秒）的时候，可以认为人体处于睡眠障碍状态。
根据超声多普勒信号获得运动速度的方法可以是本领域内常用的方法，在此不再详述。
在另一个实施例中，睡眠相关的信号可以为心音信号。
心音是心脏收缩舒张时产生的声音，可用耳或听诊器在胸壁听到，亦可用电子仪器（例如，心音图机）记录下来。心音可分为第一心音（S1，正常情况下可以听到）、第二心音（S2，正常情况下可以听到）、第三心音(S3，通常仅在儿童及青少年可听到)、第四心音（S4，正常情况很少听到）。从心脏产生的心音经过组织的介导传到胸壁表面，其中以骨传导最好，血液和肌肉次之，肺和脂肪组织最差。心脏喷血速度加快等因素可产生生理性杂音。在心脏与大血管病变时，心肌收缩力改变、心瓣膜口狭窄或关闭不全，或心内血流速度变化，均可使心脏舒缩活动中振动，幅度或频率发生明显变化，改变正常心音的强度、频率，还可产生异常的心音或心脏病理性杂音。
根据采集到的心音信号，能够判断人体当前是否处于睡眠障碍中。例如，当心音信号中的第一心音的分裂时间大于第三阈值时和/或心音信号中的第一心音的幅度的时间变异率大于第四阈值和/或心音信号中的第二心音的幅度的时间变异率大于第五阈值时，可以认为人体当前处理睡眠障碍的状态中，此时，可以启动对感兴趣区域的超声成像。
这里，第一心音的分裂时间例如可以是指前后两个第一心音之间的间隔时间。第一心音的幅度的时间变异率例如可以是指在前后两个时间段上第一心音的幅度（例如，该前后两个时间段内第一心音的幅度的均值或极值等等）的变化率（例如，前后两个时间段内第一心音的幅度之间的差与前一个时间段内或者后一个时间段内的第一心音的幅度的比，等等）。类似地，第二心音的幅度的时间变异率例如可以是指在前后两个时间段上第二心音的幅度（例如，该前后两个时间段内第二心音的幅度的均值或极值等等）的变化率（例如，前后两个时间段内第二心音的幅度之间的差与前一个时间段内或者后一个时间段内的第二心音的幅度的比，等等）。
本发明另一个实施例中，睡眠相关的信号可以是呼吸音（例如，鼾声等等）。呼吸音产生于气管和肺部内，以肺泡、气管、胸腔等组织为传导媒介传导至体表，是一种声音信号。呼吸音不仅能反映呼吸系统音源的特性，同时还能反映肺组织、气管及胸壁等传播介质的声学特征。这些信号所含频率成分及信号特征，蕴含着人类呼吸系统的病理学和生理学信息，结合先进的传感器技术和计算机技术开展呼吸音研究，将大大提高对人体的呼吸系统疾病的分析能力。
当呼吸音的音量大于第二阈值的时候，认为人体处于睡眠障碍的状态，此时对相应的感兴趣区域（例如，人体内的脏器）进行超声成像从而获得感兴趣区域的超声图像，能够深入的了解相关的睡眠障碍。
步骤S120，判断该睡眠相关的信号是否满足预设的条件。
如前文所述，本发明的实施例中，可以当气管运动的速度大于第一阈值时，认为人体处于睡眠障碍状态，此时，可以启动对感兴趣区域（例如，人体中的脏器）进行超声成像。
或者，当呼吸音音量大于第二阈值时，可以认为人体处于睡眠障碍的状态，此时，可以启动对感兴趣区域（例如，人体中的脏器）进行超声成像。
或者，当心音信号中的第一心音的分裂时间大于第三阈值时和/或心音信号中的第一心音的幅度的时间变异率大于第四阈值和/或心音信号中的第二心音的幅度的时间变异率大于第五阈值时，可以认为人体当前处理睡眠障碍的状态中，此时，可以启动对感兴趣区域的超声成像。
本发明的实施例中，前述的第一阈值、第二阈值、第三阈值、第四阈值和第五阈值的具体取值可以根据实际情况设置选取。例如，一个实施例中，气管运动的速度对应的第一阈值可以为10-20cm/s（例如，20cm/s）；呼吸音（例如，鼾声）音量对应的第二阈值可以为30-60分贝（例如，50分贝）；第一心音的分裂时间对应的第三阈值可以为0.04-0.07秒（例如，0.06秒）；第一心音的幅度的时间变异率对应的第四阈值可以为15%-25%（例如，20%）；第二心音的幅度的时间变异率对应的第五阈值可以为15%-25%（例如，20%）；等等
通过对气管运动的超声多普勒信号、心音信号和呼吸音音量等等进行研究，能够具体、直观的了解当人体存在睡眠障碍时脏器的改变。当通过超声多普勒信号获得的气管运动速度、心音信号或者呼吸音音量满足上述的预设条件时，可以认为人体处在睡眠障碍的状态。通过对睡眠状态时的脏器进行超声成像能够发现睡眠障碍时的脏器的状态及找出相应的原因。
步骤S130，如果是，启动对感兴趣区域的超声成像。
本发明的实施例中，当判断睡眠相关的信号已经满足预设的条件时，可以认为人体处于睡眠障碍状态中，此时，可以启动对感兴趣区域的超声成像，从而获得感兴趣区域的超声图像供医生进行查看和分析。
例如，一个实施例中，当呼吸音（例如，鼾声）音量大于第二阈值时，认为人体处于睡眠障碍的状态，启动超声成像，通过对打鼾时的脏器的状态进行研究，能够深入的了解睡眠障碍时脏器的变化。当呼吸音（例如，鼾声）音量小于或等于第二阈值且小于或等于第二阈值的时间超过预设值时，停止超声成像。
本发明的实施例中，这里所说的对感兴趣区域的“超声成像”可以是对感兴趣区域进行的常规超声成像过程，例如B模式成像、C模式成像、D模式成像、M模式成像等等。具体的这些常规超声成像过程可以是本领域已知的，在此不再详述。
步骤S140，对扫描得到的超声信号进行分析。
通过对感兴趣区域（例如，特定的脏器，如心脏）进行超声成像即可得到相关的超声信号和/或超声图像。得到的超声信号和/或超声图像是对呼吸睡眠障碍和相应的脏器进行分析的基础。通过对相关数据进行分析，可以协助找出呼吸睡眠障碍的原因，找到克服呼吸睡眠障碍的方法。
步骤S150，显示分析结果。
通过对分析的结果进行显示，能够更加直观的了解睡眠呼吸障碍时，相关的脏器的状态。
上述超声成像方法通过对采集的睡眠相关的信号进行判断，并触发超声成像过程，能够实现在睡眠中对人体进行自动触发的扫描。
本发明的一些实施例中，提供了一种超声成像系统100，包括：信号采集单元110、判断单元120、超声成像单元130、信号处理单元140和显示单元150。
信号采集单元110用于采集睡眠相关的信号。
在一个实施例中，信号采集单元110可以为监测探头。本发明的实施例中，这里的监测探头可以是能够向监测目标发射超声波并接收超声回波的超声探头，例如可以是贴在人体上的超声探头等等。监测探头用于向气管发射超声波并且接收超声回波，从而获得气管运动的超声多普勒信号。
通过监测探头对气管运动的超声多普勒信号进行处理，可以获得气管运动的速度。根据气管运动的速度，能够判断人体是否处于睡眠障碍的状态。
在一个实施例中，信号采集单元110可以为声音传感器（例如，麦克风），声音传感器用于采集呼吸音（例如，鼾声）音量。
呼吸音产生于气管和肺部内，以肺泡、气管、胸腔等组织为传导媒介传导至体表，是一种声音信号。呼吸音不仅能反映呼吸系统音源的特性，同时还能反映肺组织、气管及胸壁等传播介质的声学特征。这些信号所含频率成分及信号特征，蕴含着人类呼吸系统的病理学和生理学信息，结合先进的传感器技术和计算机技术开展呼吸音研究，将大大提高对人体的呼吸系统疾病的分析能力。
当呼吸音的音量超过第二阈值的时候，可以认为人体处于睡眠障碍的状态，此时对相应的感兴趣区域（例如，人体脏器）进行超声成像，能够深入的了解相关的睡眠障碍。声音信号包括心音信号和呼吸音信号等。
在一个实施例中，信号采集单元110可以为声音传感器（例如，心音图机），该声音传感器用于采集人体的心音信号。
心音是心脏收缩舒张时产生的声音，可用耳或听诊器在胸壁听到，亦可用电子仪器记录下来。心音可分为第一心音（S1）第二心音（S2）。（正常情况下均可听到）。第三心音(S3通常仅在儿童及青少年可听到)，第四心音（S4正常情况很少听到）。从心脏产生的心音经过组织的介导传到胸壁表面，其中以骨传导最好，血液和肌肉次之，肺和脂肪组织最差。在正常心脏，心脏喷血速度加快等因素可产生生理性杂音。在心脏与大血管病变时，心肌收缩力改变、心瓣膜口狭窄或关闭不全，或心内血流速度变化，均可使心脏舒缩活动中振动，幅度或频率发生明显变化，改变正常心音的强度、频率，还可产生异常的心音或心脏病理性杂音。
根据采集到的心音信号，能够判断人体当前是否处于睡眠障碍中。例如，当心音信号中的第一心音的分裂时间大于第三阈值时和/或心音信号中的第一心音的幅度的时间变异率大于第四阈值和/或心音信号中的第二心音的幅度的时间变异率大于第五阈值时，可以认为人体当前处理睡眠障碍的状态中，此时，可以启动对感兴趣区域的超声成像。
判断单元120用于判断该睡眠相关的信号是否满足预设的条件。
如前文所述，本发明的实施例中，可以当气管运动的速度大于第一阈值时，认为人体处于睡眠障碍状态，此时，可以启动超声成像单元130对感兴趣区域（例如，人体中的脏器）进行超声成像。
或者，当呼吸音音量大于第二阈值时，可以认为人体处于睡眠障碍的状态，此时，可以启动超声成像单元130对感兴趣区域（例如，人体中的脏器）进行超声成像。
或者，当心音信号中的第一心音的分裂时间大于第三阈值时和/或心音信号中的第一心音的幅度的时间变异率大于第四阈值和/或心音信号中的第二心音的幅度的时间变异率大于第五阈值时，可以认为人体当前处理睡眠障碍的状态中，此时，可以启动超声成像单元130对感兴趣区域的超声成像。
本发明的实施例中，前述的第一阈值、第二阈值、第三阈值、第四阈值和第五阈值的具体取值可以根据实际情况设置选取。例如，一个实施例中，气管运动的速度对应的第一阈值可以为10-20cm/s（例如，20cm/s）；呼吸音（例如，鼾声）音量对应的第二阈值可以为30-60分贝（例如，50分贝）；第一心音的分裂时间对应的第三阈值可以为0.04-0.07秒（例如，0.06秒）；第一心音的幅度的时间变异率对应的第四阈值可以为15%-25%（例如，20%）；第二心音的幅度的时间变异率对应的第五阈值可以为15%-25%（例如，20%）；等等。
通过对气管运动的超声多普勒信号、心音或者呼吸音音量进行研究，能够具体、直观的了解当人体存在睡眠障碍时脏器的改变。当通过超声多普勒信号获得的气管运动的速度、心音或者呼吸音音量满足上述的预设条件时，可以认为人体处在睡眠障碍的状态。此时，通过对睡眠障碍时的脏器进行超声成像能够协助发现睡眠障碍时的脏器的状态及找出相应的原因。
超声成像单元130用于在判断单元的判断结果为是时，启动对感兴趣区域的超声成像。
超声成像单元130可以包括超声探头和相应的信号处理模块和/或图像处理模块。超声探头可以向感兴趣区域发射超声波并接收相应的超声回波，信号处理模块和/或图像处理模块对超声回波进行相应的处理以获得感兴趣区域的超声图像。
本发明的实施例中，超声探头可以为手持式的超声探头和/或固定于人体体表的超声探头。使用上述超声探头能够更加有针对性的对人体的脏器进行扫描。
本发明的实施例中，还可以包括信号处理单元140，该信号处理单元140用于对超声成像得到的超声信号和/或超声图像进行分析。
通过对特定的脏器，如心脏，进行超声成像即可得到相关的超声信号和/或超声图像。得到的超声信号和/或超声图像是对呼吸睡眠障碍和相应的脏器进行分析的基础。信号处理单元140通过对相关数据进行分析，可以协助找出呼吸睡眠障碍的原因，找到克服呼吸睡眠障碍的方法。
显示单元150用于显示分析结果。
通过显示单元150对分析的结果进行显示，能够更加直观的了解睡眠呼吸障碍时，相关的脏器的状态。
本发明的实施例中，前述的判断单元120和/或信号处理单元140可以集成于超声成像单元130的信号处理模块和/或图像处理模块中，也可以是与超声成像单元130的信号处理模块和/或图像处理模块分离的元件。
本发明的实施例中，前述的显示单元150可以是集成于超声成像单元130中的，也可以是分离的显示单元。
上述超声成像系统100通过判断单元120对信号采集单元110采集的睡眠相关的信号进行判断，触发超声成像单元130进行超声成像，能够实现在睡眠中对人体进行自动触发的扫描。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种超声成像方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    采集睡眠相关的信号；
    判断所述睡眠相关的信号是否满足预设的条件；
    如果所述睡眠相关的信号满足预设的条件，则启动对感兴趣区域的超声成像。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的超声成像方法，其特征在于，所述睡眠相关的信号为气管运动的超声多普勒信号。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的超声成像方法，其特征在于，还包括根据所述超声多普勒信号获得所述气管运动的速度，并且
    当所述气管运动的速度大于第一阈值时，启动所述超声成像。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的超声成像方法，其特征在于，所述睡眠相关的信号为呼吸音音量。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的超声成像方法，其特征在于，当所述呼吸音音量大于第二阈值时，启动所述超声成像。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的超声成像方法，其特征在于，当所述呼吸音音量小于或等于所述第二阈值且小于或等于所述第二阈值的时间超过预设值，停止所述超声成像。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的超声成像方法，其特征在于，所述睡眠相关的信号为心音信号。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的超声成像方法，其特征在于，当所述心音信号中的第一心音的分裂时间大于第三阈值和/或所述心音信号中的第一心音的幅度的时间变异率大于第四阈值和/或所述心音信号中的第二心音的幅度的时间变异率大于第五阈值时，启动所述超声成像。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的超声成像方法，其特征在于，还包括对所述超声成像获得的超声信号和/或超声图像进行分析，并显示分析结果。
  10. 一种超声成像系统，其特征在于，包括：
    信号采集单元，用于采集睡眠相关的信号；
    判断单元，用于判断所述睡眠相关的信号是否满足预设的条件；及
    超声成像单元，用于在判断单元的判断结果为所述睡眠相关的信号满足预设的条件时，启动对感兴趣区域进行超声成像。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的超声成像系统，其特征在于，所述信号采集单元为监测探头，所述监测探头用于向气管发射超声波并且接收超声回波，获得所述气管运动的超声多普勒信号。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的超声成像系统，其特征在于，所述判断单元根据所述超声多普勒信号获得所述气管运动的速度并判断所述气管运动速度是否大于第一阈值，并且当所述判断单元判断所述气管运动速度大于所述第一阈值时，所述超声成像单元启动对所述感兴趣区域进行超声成像。
  13. 如权利要求10所述的超声成像系统，其特征在于，所述信号采集单元为声音传感器，所述声音传感器用于采集呼吸音音量。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的超声成像系统，其特征在于，当所述判断单元判断所述呼吸音音量大于第二阈值时，所述超声成像单元启动对所述感兴趣区域进行超声成像。
  15. 如权利要求10所述的超声成像系统，其特征在于，所述信号采集单元为声音传感器，所述声音传感器用于采集人体的心音信号。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的超声成像系统，其特征在于，当所述判断单元判断所述心音信号中的第一心音的分裂时间大于第三阈值和/或所述心音信号中的第一心音的幅度的时间变异率大于第四阈值和/或所述心音信号中的第二心音的幅度的时间变异率大于第五阈值时，所述超声成像单元启动对所述感兴趣区域进行超声成像。
  17. 如权利要求10所述的超声成像系统，其特征在于，还包括信号处理单元和显示单元，用于对所述超声成像单元获得的超声信号和/或超声图像进行分析，并显示分析结果。
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