WO2016008420A1 - 立体车库 - Google Patents

立体车库 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016008420A1
WO2016008420A1 PCT/CN2015/084187 CN2015084187W WO2016008420A1 WO 2016008420 A1 WO2016008420 A1 WO 2016008420A1 CN 2015084187 W CN2015084187 W CN 2015084187W WO 2016008420 A1 WO2016008420 A1 WO 2016008420A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pallet
garage
unit
dimensional garage
drive unit
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Application number
PCT/CN2015/084187
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨南征
Original Assignee
杨南征
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Publication date
Application filed by 杨南征 filed Critical 杨南征
Publication of WO2016008420A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016008420A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H6/00—Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
    • E04H6/08—Garages for many vehicles
    • E04H6/12—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles
    • E04H6/18—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H6/00—Buildings for parking cars, rolling-stock, aircraft, vessels or like vehicles, e.g. garages
    • E04H6/08—Garages for many vehicles
    • E04H6/12—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles
    • E04H6/18—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions
    • E04H6/28—Garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for shifting or lifting vehicles with means for transport in vertical direction only or independently in vertical and horizontal directions characterised by use of turntables or rotary rings for horizontal transport

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a three-dimensional garage, and more particularly to a three-dimensional garage for transporting and storing vehicles in a transportation network system. It belongs to the transportation field.
  • Stations and garages of traditional transportation systems are set horizontally, such as subways, straddle-station single-track transportation systems, air-track systems, public electric vehicle transportation systems, and cars. This type of setting takes up a lot of space, and it takes a long time for the vehicle to enter and leave the warehouse.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a conventional three-dimensional garage, showing an existing three-dimensional garage.
  • a stereo station library disclosed in the prior art is constructed by a truss constructed of steel bars, and a plurality of station library units connected to each other, such as building blocks, which are separated by trusses, are arranged inside the station library.
  • each station library unit Under the control of the station library dispatch control system, each station library unit relies on the combination of the longitudinal circulation rail 93, the translational suspension rail 94, and the motion mechanism to complete the three-dimensional scheduling of the vehicle up, down, left and right, and front and rear.
  • the three-dimensional station is directly connected to the original building 8 through the pedestrian bridge 96, and the passenger can enter and exit the three-dimensional station through the pedestrian bridge in the original building.
  • stereo station library solves the problem that the common station library occupies a large area, it is inconvenient to move in and out of the vehicle, and the structure of the garage has yet to be streamlined.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a three-dimensional garage with small footprint, easy production and processing, low cost, low energy consumption and safer in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.
  • a three-dimensional garage comprising: a single body, two or more pallets and a lifting mechanism, the single body is a three-dimensional columnar structure, and the pallet is installed in the single body by the lifting mechanism, and can be inside the single body Moving up and down, the pallet divides the cells into a plurality of garage units arranged one above the other.
  • the lifting mechanism includes a lead screw, a nut, a lifting drive unit, and a lifting drive unit, a plurality of lead screws, each of which is vertically fixed in the single body; a circumferential surface of the nut is provided with gear teeth, and is fixed on the pallet by a bracket, and the number of the nuts is the same as the number of the screw.
  • the nut is mounted in one-to-one correspondence with the lead screw; the lifting transmission unit is connected to the nut and the lifting drive unit; and the lifting driving unit drives the nut to rotate by the lifting and driving unit, and the nut drives the pallet to rise or fall.
  • the lift transmission unit includes a gear and a coupling, the gear meshes with a plurality of nuts, and the gear is coupled to the lift drive unit through a coupling.
  • the plurality of monomers are arranged in rows and/or columns in association with each other.
  • the four side walls and the top surface of the three-dimensional garage are sealed by a wall surface.
  • a plurality of lifting drive units in the unit are respectively connected to the control system of the garage.
  • a rotating mechanism is disposed on the pallet, the rotating mechanism includes a turntable, a core shaft, a transmission unit, and a driving unit, wherein the rotating table is rotatably fixed to the pallet by the mandrel; the transmission unit is connected The turntable and the driving unit transmit power of the driving unit to the turntable to drive the turntable to rotate relative to the pallet.
  • the transmission unit includes a rotating gear, a transmission gear, a turbine, a worm, the turntable and the rotating gear are coaxially fixed by the mandrel, the rotating gear meshes with the transmission gear, and the transmission gear is
  • the turbine is coaxially fixed, the turbine meshes with the worm, and the worm is coupled to the drive unit.
  • the pallet is provided with two sets of connecting rails perpendicular to each other, and the turntable is provided with a set of guiding rails, and the guiding rails are aligned with one of the connecting rails by rotating the turntable.
  • the "set of" tracks refers to two tracks that are parallel to each other and at a distance.
  • the three-dimensional garage of the present invention is provided with an interchange port, and the transfer port is directly connected with the platform, the elevator, or connected to the original building through a corridor, so that the three-dimensional garage has a station transfer function.
  • any of the layers of the stereo garage of the present invention can be configured as a platform from which passengers can enter and exit the vehicle.
  • the lifting system of the garage is vertically lifted to the circuit layer and driven into the horizontal line, so that the construction investment of the elevator and stairs of the station can be saved.
  • the three-dimensional garage of the invention is built according to the transportation line and the original building, and has a small occupied area; the multi-layer unit has a powerful storage function; the lifting mechanism and the rotation of the pallet
  • the structure is simple, easy to produce and process, and the cost is low; each pallet operates separately and consumes low energy; the lifting mechanism avoids the occurrence of a vicious accident of rapid fall, and is safer and more reliable.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a conventional three-dimensional garage
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an exception table of a three-dimensional garage of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a perspective schematic view of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a side elevational view of Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a top plan view of the three-dimensional garage pallet of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 8-1 to 8-4 are schematic views showing the positional relationship between the unit, the transportation pipeline and the original building of the present invention.
  • the invention discloses a three-dimensional garage which is used in a transportation network system for storing a vehicle.
  • the three-dimensional garage of the invention does not need to occupy a large area of land, and only a small area of land on the transportation line/side can be constructed to meet the storage requirements.
  • the three-dimensional garage provided by the invention comprises: a single body, a pallet and a lifting mechanism.
  • the single body is a three-dimensional column structure, and the pallet is movably mounted in a single body.
  • the plurality of pallets can divide the single body into a plurality of garage units arranged one above the other, and each garage unit is used for storing the vehicle.
  • the lifting mechanism is installed in the unit to drive the pallet to move up and down within the unit.
  • a rotating mechanism is further arranged on the pallet, and the rotating mechanism drives the rotation of the vehicle stored on the pallet so as to enable the stored vehicle to be horizontal and/or vertical between the units. mobile.
  • Two or more cells may form a group garage in two directions, such as in rows and/or columns connected to each other.
  • the pallet center can further be provided with a turntable, which can rotate 360 degrees around its center, so that the vehicle can be turned in place, convenient for passengers to get on/off/loading of goods, or the vehicle can be changed between the turntables of multiple single garages. position.
  • This embodiment illustrates the structure of the present invention by taking an example of a three-dimensional garage applied to a pipe network.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a three-dimensional garage of the present invention, which shows a three-dimensional garage and The positional connection between the original building and the running pipe of the pipe network.
  • the three-dimensional garage of the present embodiment includes three cells 100 which are connected to each other in a row.
  • the three-dimensional garage also has a station transfer function, and the single unit 100 is provided with a transfer port, and the transfer port is connected to the original building C through the corridor 500.
  • the piped network running pipe B passes through the cell 100. Passengers can enter/exit the garage through the original building or corridor.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective schematic view of Figure 2 showing the internal structure of each cell.
  • the monomer 100 is made of steel and has a columnar structure.
  • each of the cells 100 a plurality of pallets 200 are movably mounted, and the columnar spaces of each of the cells 100 are spaced into a plurality of garage units 110 arranged in a longitudinal direction.
  • Each garage unit 110 can store a railcar A.
  • Each of the pallets 200 may be a rectangular or square plate-shaped body, but other shapes are not excluded.
  • a wall 103 is disposed outside the skeleton of the four sides and the top surface of the three-dimensional garage, and the wall closes the garage to form a storage space, and shelters the vehicles stored in the garage from the rain.
  • Figure 4 is a side elevational view of Figure 2, and Figure 4 clearly shows the position and mounting relationship of the lifting mechanism in the unit.
  • the lifting mechanism 300 shown in FIG. 4 includes a lead screw 301, a nut 302 and a lifting transmission unit; the four lead screws 301 are vertically fixed at four corners of the single body 100, and each of the lead screws 301 can be continuous. One can also be used to facilitate the processing and installation, and connect a plurality of short lead screws into one that requires a length.
  • a nut 302 is fixed to each of the four corners of the pallet 200, and the nut 302 is screwed to the corresponding lead screw 301.
  • the pallet is assembled in the unit by a threaded connection between the nut and the lead screw.
  • the circumferential surface of the nut is provided with gear teeth, that is, the nut 302 is a nut having gear teeth on the outer circumference.
  • Each pallet 200 is provided with a lifting transmission unit, and each lifting transmission unit is connected with a fixed nut 302 and a lifting driving unit on the supporting plate, and the lifting driving unit can be a motor and connected to the control system. Under the control of the control system, the motor is rotated by the lift drive unit drive nut 302, and the nut 302 is raised or lowered along the lead screw 301 to move longitudinally with the pallet 200.
  • Each of the lift drive mechanisms within the unit is separately coupled to the control system telecommunications, enabling the control system to individually control its lift for each pallet.
  • the lift transmission mechanism includes a transmission gear and a coupling.
  • the transmission gear can be a large gear, also It can be a gear set, the transmission gear meshes with a plurality of nuts at the same time, and the transmission gear and the motor are connected through a coupling.
  • the motor drives the transmission gear to rotate through the coupling, and the nut rotates by the meshing action.
  • a worm can be used instead of the above-mentioned lead screw to realize the up and down movement of the pallet.
  • the nut is mounted on the pallet, and the motor driven by the transmission rotates to drive the nut to rotate. Since the nut is always threaded on the worm, even if the motor is stopped due to power failure, the pallet will not fall downward.
  • the above-described nut and worm structure may be replaced by a linear motor and a rack.
  • the lifting mechanism shown in FIG. 4 has the unique advantage that in the case of power failure, since the nut is sleeved on the screw, at this time, it cannot continue to move up and down, and can still be stably stopped at the current position, therefore, In the worst case, the lifting device can reliably stay in a certain position without causing a serious accident of the car falling rapidly, and the safety is high.
  • the inventor adds a rotating mechanism to the pallet of the three-dimensional garage.
  • Figure 5 is a top plan view of the pallet with the rotating mechanism.
  • the rotating mechanism 400 includes a turntable 401, a spindle 402, a rotary transmission unit 403, and a rotary drive unit 404.
  • the turntable 401 is rotatably mounted on the upper surface of the pallet 200 by a mandrel 402.
  • the rotary transmission unit 403 connects the turntable 401 and the rotary drive unit 404, transmits the power of the rotary drive unit 404 to the turntable 401, and drives the turntable 401 to rotate relative to the pallet 200.
  • the rotation transmission unit 403 includes a rotation gear 4031, a transmission gear 4032, a turbine 4033, and a worm 4034
  • the rotation drive unit 404 may be a motor.
  • the interaction relationship is that the turntable 401 and the rotating gear 4031 are coaxially fixed by the mandrel 402, the rotating gear 4031 is meshed with the transmission gear 403, the transmission gear 403 is coaxially fixed with the turbine 4033, the turbine 4033 is meshed with the worm 4044, and the worm 4044 and the motor Connected.
  • the motor is started, the worm gear and the transmission gear are operated, thereby driving the turntable 401 to rotate relative to the pallet 200.
  • the angle of rotation of the turntable depends on the working time of the motor; the direction of rotation of the turntable depends on the direction of rotation of the motor, which is controlled by the control system.
  • the pallets are provided with two sets of connecting rails 201 and 202 which are perpendicular to each other (please refer to Figure 6), the two sets of connecting tracks are perpendicular to each other.
  • a set of guide rails 4011 is provided on the turntable 401 (please refer to FIG. 6).
  • the guiding track 4011 on the carousel is aligned with a group of connecting tracks on the pallet, so that the railcar stored on the carousel is moved along the guiding track and the connecting track to another one of the other cells.
  • the rotation from one monomer to another is completed.
  • the embodiment shown in Figure 6 is intended to illustrate a schematic illustration of the movement of the vehicle between the individual compartments within the three-dimensional garage by means of a rotating mechanism.
  • the three-dimensional garage includes six cells 100, in the cross-section shown in Figure 6, assuming that each cell has a pallet stop in the garage unit of the floor, using the first position to the sixth position, respectively. Represents the position of the pallet in each unit.
  • the vehicle A can move into the adjacent unit by its own power or under the control of the control system.
  • Step S1 Vehicle A stops at the third position
  • Step S2 the turntable in the third position drives the vehicle A to rotate 90° clockwise, and the vehicle A advances to enter the fourth position;
  • Step S3 the turntable of the IV position drives the vehicle A to rotate 90° counterclockwise, and the vehicle A advances to enter the second position;
  • the turntable in the IV position causes the vehicle A to rotate 90° clockwise, and the vehicle A advances to enter the VI position.
  • the vehicle can move arbitrarily in the first to sixth positions.
  • the pallet 200 of the position can be controlled to rise or fall by the control system to stop the vehicle at a suitable floor height position of the unit.
  • the above is the description of the inbound and outbound lines of the running pipeline in the same layer of the three-dimensional garage.
  • the invention can also set the inbound and outbound lines of the running pipeline in different layers of the three-dimensional garage. Repeat The horizontal movement action.
  • the present invention relies on the up and down movement of the pallet to longitudinally transport the vehicles stored thereon.
  • the following is an example.
  • Figure 7 is a diagram for explaining the order in which the vehicle moves up and down in the body of the stereo garage unit.
  • the stereo garage includes a single unit 100, and the control system controls the railcar A to be either in the first step or the second in the single unit, and can enter the garage in the order of first going up and down, and pressing the upper and lower sides. Store in staggered order.
  • the lower garage floor will reserve the uppermost layer of the filled car to the upper pallet 200; when it is first up and down, the upper garage floor will be reserved for the lowermost layer of the car. Board 200.
  • the lowermost pallet can be defined as the first pallet, and the pallets on the first pallet are sequentially defined as the second pallet, ... the mth pallet; when the vehicle inventory is full
  • the location of the lowermost garage unit is the first floor, and the location of the garage unit above the first garage unit is the second layer, ... the mth layer; wherein the transport line is connected to the unit on the nth floor, That is to say, the three-dimensional garage has an entrance layer (that is, the transport pipe stays or is located), and the entrance layer is located on the nth floor, m and n are natural numbers, and m>n>1.
  • the first pallet in the unit descends to the entrance layer of the garage, and the other pallets stop in the space above the entrance layer of the garage, and the vehicle enters the unit and stops on the first pallet;
  • the first pallet carries the vehicle down to the n-1th layer of the unit and stops;
  • the second pallet descends to the entrance layer of the garage, the vehicle enters the unit, and the second and the first pallet carry the vehicle to a one-stop stop; thus, the n-1th and n-2th layers are loaded vehicle;
  • the first to n-2th pallets carry the above
  • the vehicle is all lowered by one layer, filling the first to n-2th layers, the mth pallet is lowered to the nth layer, and the remaining empty pallets are lowered to the n-1th floor to be parked;
  • the vehicle enters the station unit and stops at the mth pallet.
  • the mth pallet carries the vehicle to the n+1th floor of the unit and stops.
  • the m-1th pallet rises to the nth layer, the vehicle enters, and the mth block and the m+1th pallet carry the vehicle one layer and stop at the n+2 and m+1 layers;
  • the nth pallet When the garage unit above the entrance layer of the garage is full, the nth pallet is raised above the garage entrance level, the n-1th pallet is parked to the garage entrance level, the vehicle enters, and the pallet carries the vehicle. Drop to the n-1th layer to stop;
  • the moving step is opposite to the above-mentioned storage process, that is, the order of moving up and down in the same unit is step h to step a.
  • a plurality of cells can be filled according to the above storage order.
  • the method of horizontal movement and up and down movement can be performed crosswise, storing/extracting garage units/vehicles of any of any of the individual units.
  • the garage unit in the unit 100 of the present invention may also be disposed in whole or in part below the ground.
  • an equipment compartment can be constructed to store the supporting equipment of the three-dimensional garage, such as motors, transformers, spare materials, repair tools, and the like.
  • the three-dimensional garage of the invention can be used for storing rail cars in a pipe network, and can also be used for storing subway cars in a subway system, or for storing private cars in large public places.
  • the gallery 500 is disposed between the unit body 100 and the original building C, but the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the positional relationship between the unit body 100, the transportation pipe B, the corridor 500, and the original building C can also be as shown in FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 8 has four sub-pictures, and the arrows shown in the figure indicate the direction of the inbound and outbound directions. .
  • the stereo garage shown in Figure 8-1 includes three cells 100 arranged in a row.
  • the transportation pipe B is stationed and exited from one of the three-dimensional garages.
  • the corridor 500 is connected between the three-dimensional garage and the original building C. .
  • the stereo garage shown in Figure 8-2 comprises six cells 100 arranged in two rows, the transport pipe B is connected on one side of the three-dimensional garage, and the gallery 500 and the original building are connected on the other side of the transport pipe B. C. It is also possible not to provide a gallery 500, and the transport pipe B is directly connected to the original building C.
  • the stereo garage shown in Figure 8-3 includes six cells 100 arranged in two rows.
  • the transport ducts B enter from one of the rows of the three-dimensional garage, and one of the other rows away from the entry direction exits in a direction at 90° to the direction of entry.
  • the corridor B is connected, and the other side of the corridor is connected to the original building C.
  • the stereo garage shown in Fig. 8-4 comprises three cells 100 arranged in a row, and the original building C is connected to one side of the unit 100, and the inbound direction and the exit direction of the transport pipe B are 90°.
  • the entrance and exit ports of the three-dimensional garage are also two-layer, and the corridor 500 is also constructed into two layers.
  • the unit body 100 of the present invention can also be directly connected to a separate elevator to the ground. If the connected transport pipeline is on the ground, corridors and elevators can no longer be set up, and only the platform can be set up to meet passengers' requirements for getting on and off.
  • any of the layers of the unit body 100 of the present invention can be configured as a platform from which passengers can enter and exit the vehicle.
  • the lifting system of the garage is vertically lifted to the circuit layer and driven into the horizontal line, so that the construction investment of the elevator and stairs of the station can be saved.
  • the three-dimensional garage of the invention is built according to the transportation line and the original building, and has a small footprint;
  • the storage function is powerful; the lifting mechanism and rotating structure of the pallet are simple, easy to produce and process, and the cost is low; each pallet operates separately and consumes low energy; the lifting mechanism avoids the occurrence of a vicious accident of rapid fall, and is safer and more reliable.

Abstract

一种立体车库，包括：单体(100)、二个以上托板(200)和升降机构(300)，单体(100)为立体柱状结构，托板(200)通过升降机构(300)安装在单体(100)内，能够在单体(100)内上下移动，托板(200)将单体(100)间隔成多个上下排列的车库单元(110)。两个以上单体(100)可在两个方向上构成集团车库。托板(200)中心设有转盘，可绕中心做360度旋转，使车辆原地转向、进出站，或在多个单体车库的转盘之间变换位置。该立体车库占地面积小，造价低、耗能低，更安全。

Description

立体车库 技术领域
本发明涉及一种立体车库，特别涉及一种运输网络系统内用来停靠和存放车辆的立体车库。属于交通运输领域。
背景技术
如地铁、跨座单轨道交通系统、空中轨道系统、公共电汽车交通系统以及小汽车等，传统交通系统的车站和车库，是平面水平设置的。这种设置方式占地多，车辆进出库花费时间长。
图1为现有立体车库的立体结构示意图，显示了一种现有立体车库。如图1所示，现有技术公开的一种立体站库，以钢筋搭建的桁架为骨架，站库内部为桁架间隔成的多个如积木式堆砌的彼此相连接的站库单元。每个站库单元在站库调度控制系统的控制下，依靠纵循环轨93、平移吊轨94、运动机构的共同作用，完成对车辆31的上下、左右、前后6个方面的三维调度工作。立体车站通过步行桥96直接与原有建筑物8接通，乘客可在原有建筑物中通过步行桥进出立体车站。
上述立体站库虽然解决了普通车站库占地多的问题，但是不方便车辆的移入移出，车库的结构还有待于精简。
发明内容
发明的目的是针对上述现有技术的缺陷，提出一种占地面积小，易生产加工，造价低、耗能低，更安全的立体车库。
本发明是通过如下技术方案实现上述目的的：
一种立体车库，包括：单体、二个以上托板和升降机构，所述单体为立体柱状结构，所述托板通过所述升降机构安装在所述单体内，能够在所述单体内上下移动，所述托板将所述单体间隔成多个上下排列的车库单元。
所述升降机构包括丝杠、螺母、升降传动单元和升降驱动单元，所述 丝杠为多个，每个丝杠竖直固定在所述单体内；所述螺母的周面带有齿轮齿牙，通过支架固定在托板上，螺母的数量与丝杠数量相同，所述螺母与所述丝杠一一对应安装；升降传动单元连接螺母和升降驱动单元；升降驱动单元通过升降传动单元驱动所述螺母旋转，所述螺母带动所述托板上升或下降。
所述升降传动单元包括齿轮和联轴器，所述齿轮与多个螺母啮合，所述齿轮通过联轴器连接升降驱动单元。
所述单体为多个，彼此相连排成行和/或列。
在所述立体车库的四侧壁和顶面通过壁面密封。
所述单体内的多个升降驱动单元分别与车库的控制系统电讯相连。
在所述托板上设置旋转机构，所述旋转机构包括转盘、芯轴、传动单元以及驱动单元，所述转盘通过所述芯轴可旋转地固定于所述托板；所述传动单元连接所述转盘和所述驱动单元，将所述驱动单元的动力传递给所述转盘，驱动所述转盘相对于所述托板旋转。
所述传动单元包括旋转齿轮、传动齿轮、涡轮、蜗杆，所述转盘与所述旋转齿轮通过所述芯轴同轴固定，所述旋转齿轮与所述传动齿轮啮合，所述传动齿轮与所述涡轮同轴固定，所述涡轮与所述蜗杆啮合，所述蜗杆与所述驱动单元相连。
托板上设有相互垂直的两组接驳轨道，所述转盘上设有一组引导轨道，通过旋转所述转盘，所述引导轨道与接驳轨道中的一组对齐。所述“一组”轨道，是指相互平行的，并且相距一定距离的两根轨道。
本发明的立体车库设有换乘口，换乘口直接与站台、电梯相连，或通过廊道与原有建筑相连，使得所述立体车库具有车站换乘功能。
本发明的立体车库中的任何一层都可设置成站台，乘客可从站台进出车辆。利用车库的升降系统垂直升降至线路层，驶入驶出水平线路，因此可以省去车站电梯、楼梯的建造投资。本发明立体车库依运输线和原有建筑物而建，占地小；具有多层单元，存放功能强大；托板的升降机构和旋 转结构简单，易生产加工，造价低；每个托板单独运作，耗能低；升降机构避免急速坠落的恶性事故的发生，更安全可靠。
附图说明
图1为现有立体车库的立体结构示意图；
图2为本发明立体车库一实施例外表示意图；
图3为图2的透视示意图；
图4为图2的侧面视示意图；
图5为本发明立体车库托板俯视示意图；
图6为本发明一实施例的截面示意图；
图7为本发明一实施例的纵剖面示意图；
图8-1至图8-4为本发明单体、运输管道、原有建筑之间的位置关系示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明公开一种立体车库，应用于运输网络系统中，用来存放车辆。本发明立体车库不需要占用大片土地，仅在运输线上/旁的小面积土地建设，即可满足存储要求。
本发明提供的立体车库包括：单体、托板和升降机构。单体为立体柱状结构，托板活动安装在单体内，多个托板可将单体间隔成多个上下排列的车库单元，每个车库单元用来存放车辆。升降机构安装在单体内，带动托板在单体内上、下移动。当立体车库包含多个相连的单体时，在托板上还设有旋转机构，旋转机构带动存放在托板上的车辆旋转，以便能够使得存放的车辆在各单体间作水平和/或垂直移动。两个以上单体可在两个方向上构成集团车库，如彼此相连排成排和/或列。托板中心还可进一步设有转盘，转盘可绕其中心做360度旋转，使车辆能够原地转向，方便乘客上下车/货物的装卸，或者，车辆在多个单体车库的转盘之间变换位置。
本实施例以应用于管联网中的立体车库为例来说明本发明的结构。
图2为本发明立体车库一实施例外表示意图，图中显示了立体车库与 原有建筑和管联网的运行管道之间的位置连接关系。如图2所示，本实施例立体车库包括三个单体100，彼此相连排成一排。
在本实施例中，立体车库还附带车站换乘功能，单体100设有换乘口，该换乘口通过廊道500与原有建筑C相连。管联网的运行管道B穿过单体100。乘客可以通过原有建筑、廊道进/出入车库乘车/出站。
图3为图2的透视示意图，显示每个单体的内部结构。如图3所示，单体100以钢铁为骨架102，搭建成柱状结构。
每个单体100中，活动安装多个托板200，将每个单体100的柱状空间间隔成纵向排列的多个车库单元110。每一车库单元110可存放一辆轨道车A。每个托板200可为矩形或正方形的板状体，但并不排除其他形状。
在立体车库的四面和顶面的骨架外设置壁面103，壁面将车库封闭起来形成存放空间，并为车库内存放的车辆遮风避雨。
图4为图2的侧面视示意图，图4清晰的表示出升降机构在单体中的位置、安装关系。
图4中给出的升降机构300，包括丝杠301、螺母302和升降传动单元；四根丝杠301分别被竖直固定在单体100的四个角落，每根丝杠301可为连续的一根，也可为了方便加工、安装，将多根短丝杠连接成为需要长度的一根。在托板200的四角各固定一个螺母302，螺母302旋在对应的丝杠301。这样，通过螺母与丝杠之间的螺纹连接，将托板装配在单体中。螺母的周面带有齿轮齿牙，即螺母302为外周带有齿轮齿牙的螺母。每一托板200配置一升降传动单元，每一升降传动单元连接所在托板上固定的螺母302和升降驱动单元，升降驱动单元可为电机，与控制系统相连。在控制系统的控制下，电机通过升降传动单元驱动螺母302旋转，螺母302沿着丝杠301上升或下降，带着托板200纵向移动。
在单体内的每个升降驱动机构均分别与控制系统电讯相连，使得控制系统能够针对每个托板单独控制其升降。
升降传动机构包括传动齿轮和联轴器。传动齿轮可为一个大齿轮，也 可为齿轮组，传动齿轮同时与多个螺母啮合，传动齿轮与电机通过联轴器连接。电机通过联轴器带动传动齿轮旋转，通过啮合作用，带动螺母旋转。
或者，可用蜗杆代替上述丝杠，实现托板的上下运动。具体地，螺母安装在托板上，通过传动装置驱动的电机旋转，带动螺母旋转。由于螺母始终通过螺纹套在蜗杆上，即使断电导致电机停转，托板也不会向下坠落。
另外，也可以用直线电机和齿条来替换上述的螺母、蜗杆结构。
采用图4所示的升降机构，其具有独特的优点，在断电的情况下，由于螺母套在丝杠上，此时其不能继续上下移动，仍能够稳稳停止在当前位置，因此，在最坏的情况，此升降装置能够可靠地停留在某一位置上，而不会发生轿厢的急速坠落的恶劣事故，安全性高。
当立体车库采用多个单体组合在一起时，就产生了将车辆在不同的单体同层间做横向移动的需求，因此，发明人在立体车库的托板上增加旋转机构。
图5即为带有旋转机构的托板俯视示意图。如图5所示，旋转机构400包括转盘401、芯轴402、旋转传动单元403以及旋转驱动单元404。
转盘401通过芯轴402可旋转地安装在托板200的上表面。旋转传动单元403连接转盘401和旋转驱动单元404，将旋转驱动单元404的动力传递给转盘401，驱动转盘401相对于托板200旋转。
具体地说，旋转传动单元403包括旋转齿轮4031、传动齿轮4032、涡轮4033、蜗杆4034，旋转驱动单元404可为电机。其相互作用关系为：转盘401与旋转齿轮4031通过芯轴402同轴固定，旋转齿轮4031与传动齿轮403啮合，传动齿轮403与涡轮4033同轴固定，涡轮4033与蜗杆4044啮合，蜗杆4044与电机相连。在控制系统的控制下，电机启动，涡轮蜗杆以及传动齿轮工作，进而带动转盘401相对于托板200旋转。转盘旋转的角度，取决于电机的工作时间长短；转盘旋转的方向，取决于电机的旋转方向，二者由控制系统来控制。
在本发明中，托板上设有相互垂直的两组接驳轨道201、202(请参考 图6)，该两组接驳轨道相互垂直。转盘401上设有一组引导轨道4011(请参考图6)。
控制转盘相对于托板旋转后，转盘上的引导轨道4011与托板上的一组接驳轨道对齐，使转盘上存放的轨道车沿引导轨道和接驳轨道移到另一单体中的某个托板上，完成从一个单体到另一单体的转动。
图6给出的实施例，是用来说明车辆借助于旋转机构在立体车库内各单体之间移动的示意图。在该实施例中，立体车库包括了六个单体100，在图6中所示的截面，假设每个单体在该层车库单元都有托板停留，分别用第Ⅰ位置至第Ⅵ位置代表各单体中托板的位置。当相邻单体中的托板200处于与当前的托板同一水平高度时，车辆A可以依靠自身动力或在控制系统的控制下，移动到相邻的单体中。
现举例说明车辆由第Ⅲ位置移动到第Ⅱ位置或第Ⅵ位置的过程如下：
步骤S1：车辆A在第Ⅲ位置停止；
步骤S2：第Ⅲ位置的转盘带动车辆A顺时针旋转90°，车辆A前进，进入第Ⅳ位置；
步骤S3：第Ⅳ位置的转盘带动车辆A逆时针旋转90°，车辆A前进，进入第Ⅱ位置；
或者，第Ⅳ位置的转盘带动车辆A顺时针旋转90°，车辆A前进，进入第Ⅵ位置。
上述为车辆进库顺序的说明，当车辆出库时，其顺序相反，在此不再赘述。
同理，车辆能够在第一至第六位置中任意的移动。
当然，车辆A在处于第一至第六位置时，均可通过控制系统控制该位置的托板200上升或下降，使车辆停在所在单体的合适层高位置。
以上为运行管道的进库线和出库线处于立体车库的同一层的说明，本发明还可将运行管道的进库线和出库线设在立体车库的不同层。即重复上 述水平移动动作。
本发明依靠托板的上下移动来纵向运输其上存放的车辆。下面举例说明。
图7用来说明车辆在立体车库单元体内上下移动的顺序。图7所示的实施例中，立体车库包括一个单体100，控制系统控制轨道车A在单体中既可以按先下后上，可以按先上后下的顺序进入车库，还可以按上下交错顺序存放。当先下后上时，下部车库层将即将填满车的最上一层预留给上部托板200；当先上后下时，上部车库层将即将填满车的最下一层预留给下部托板200。
为方便说明，可以将最下面的托板定义为第一块托板，第一块托板上面的托板依次定义为第二块托板、……第m块托板；当车库存满后，称最下面车库单元所在位置为第一层，第一层车库单元上面的车库单元所在位置依次为第二层、……第m层；其中，运输线在第n层接入单体，也就是说，立体车库设有入口层(也就是运输管道停留或所在层)，入口层设在第n层，m、n为自然数，且m＞n＞1。在本实施例中，m＝7，n＝4。
当单体的上、下两端有能够储存所有托板的空间时，则m≥n≥1，并且m≠1。最经济的方案，是在用第m-1层和/或第m+1层储存没有载入车辆的托板。
下面以先下后上的排列顺序为例，来具体说明在控制单元的控制下，立体车库存放车辆的步骤：
a.该单体中的第一块托板下降到车库入口层，其他托板停在车库入口层上面的空间，车辆进入单体，停在第一块托板上；
b.第一块托板载着车辆下降到单体的第n-1层，停止；
c.第二块托板下降到车库入口层，车辆进入单体，第二块以及第一块托板载着车辆均下降一层停止；至此，第n-1层和第n-2层装载车辆；
以此类推……
d.当车库入口层下部的车库单元还差一个即将储存满时(即当除了第一层以外，其他车库单元全部存满时)，第一至第n-2块托板载着其上面的车辆全部下降一层，填满第一至第n-2层，第m块托板下降到第n层，其余空托板下降到第n-1层停放；
e.车辆进入车站单元，停靠于第m块托板上，第m块托板载着车辆上升到单体的第n+1层，停止；
f.第m-1块托板上升到第n层，车辆进入，第m块和第m+1块托板载着车辆均上升一层，停止在第n+2、m+1层；
以此类推……
g.当车库入口层上面的车库单元全部存满后，将第n块托板上升至车库入口层上面，将第n-1块托板停至车库入口层，车辆进入，托板载着车辆下降至第n-1层停止；
h.第n块托板下降致第n层，辆车驶入。
至此，整个立体车库存满。
当需要从车库单元调取存放的车辆时，移动的步骤与上述存放过程相反，即同单体中上下移动顺序为步骤h至步骤a。
当有多个并排的单体100时，可依据上述存放顺序，将多个单体存满。
当然，也可以先上后下的顺序在单元体中存车、取车。
在图6所示的实施例中，水平移动和上下移动的方法可交叉进行，存入到/提取任意单体中任意层的车库单元/车辆。
本发明单体100中的车库单元，也可全部或部分设置在地面以下。
在单体100的最下层，可建设设备舱，用来存放立体车库的配套设备，如电机，变压器，备用材料，修理工具等。
本发明立体车库可用于管联网中存放轨道车，也可用于地铁系统存放地铁车厢，或建于大型公共场合附件存放私家轿车。
在图2所示的实施例中，廊道500设置在单元体100和原有建筑C之间，但本发明并不以此为限。单元体100、运输管道B、廊道500、原有建筑C之间的位置关系也可如图8所示，图8有四个子图，图中所示的箭头表示进站、出站的方向。
图8-1显示的立体车库包括三个排成一排的单体100，运输管道B从立体车库其中的一层进站、出站，廊道500连接在立体车库和原有建筑C之间。
图8-2显示的立体车库包括六个单体100，排成相连的两排，运输管道B在立体车库的一侧衔接，在运输管道B的另一侧连接有廊道500和原有建筑C。也可不设置廊道500，运输管道B直接与原有建筑C相连。
图8-3显示的立体车库包括六个单体100，排成相连的两排。运输管道B从立体车库其中一排进入，在另一排的远离该进入方向的一单体以与进入方向成90°的方向穿出。在立体车站的运输管道B进入的一排单体的一侧连接廊道B，廊道另一侧连接原有建筑C。
图8-4显示的立体车库包括三个排成一排的单体100，在单体100的一侧连接有原有建筑C，运输管道B的进站方向和出站方向成90°。
以上仅为举例说明立体车站和运输管道、原有建筑之间的位置关系，本发明并不以此为限，还有很多其他的位置关系。
需要说明的是，当运输管道为双层时，则立体车库所开的进站口、出站口也为两层，廊道500也相应地建设成双层。
本发明单元体100还可直接与单独的电梯相连，直达地面。如连接的运输管道位于地面，则可不再设置廊道和电梯，仅设置站台即可满足乘客上下车的要求。
本发明单元体100中的任何一层都可设置成站台，乘客可从站台进出车辆。利用车库的升降系统垂直升降至线路层，驶入驶出水平线路，因此可以省去车站电梯、楼梯的建造投资。
本发明立体车库依运输线和原有建筑物而建，占地小；具有多层单元， 存放功能强大；托板的升降机构和旋转结构简单，易生产加工，造价低；每个托板单独运作，耗能低；升降机构避免急速坠落的恶性事故的发生，更安全可靠。
需要说明的是，以上参照附图所描述的各个实施例仅用以说明本发明而非限制本发明的范围，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的前提下对本发明进行的修改或者等同替换，均应涵盖在本发明的范围之内。此外，除上下文另有所指外，以单数形式出现的词包括复数形式，反之亦然。另外，除非特别说明，那么任何实施例的全部或一部分可结合任何其它实施例的全部或一部分来使用。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种立体车库，其特征在于，包括：单体、二个以上托板和升降机构，所述单体为立体柱状结构，所述托板通过所述升降机构安装在所述单体内，能够在所述单体内上下移动，所述托板将所述单体间隔成多个上下排列的车库单元。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的立体车库，其特征在于，所述升降机构包括丝杠、螺母、升降传动单元和升降驱动单元，
    所述丝杠为多个，每个丝杠竖直固定在所述单体内；
    所述螺母的周面带有齿轮齿牙，通过支架固定在托板上，螺母的数量与丝杠数量相同，所述螺母与所述丝杠一对一安装；
    升降传动单元连接螺母和升降驱动单元；
    升降驱动单元通过升降传动单元驱动所述螺母旋转，所述螺母带动所述托板上升或下降。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的立体车库，其特征在于，所述升降传动单元包括传动齿轮和联轴器，所述传动齿轮与每个所述螺母啮合，所述齿轮通过联轴器连接升降驱动单元。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的立体车库，其特征在于，所述单体为多个，彼此相连排成行和/或列。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的立体车库，其特征在于，在所述立体车库的四侧壁和顶面通过壁面密封。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的立体车库，其特征在于，所述单体内的多个升降驱动单元分别与车库的控制系统电讯相连。
  7. 如权利要求4所述的立体车库，其特征在于，在所述托板上设置旋 转机构，所述旋转机构包括转盘、芯轴、旋转传动单元以及旋转驱动单元，所述转盘通过所述芯轴可旋转地固定于所述托板；所述旋转传动单元连接所述转盘和所述旋转驱动单元，将所述旋转驱动单元的动力传递给所述转盘，驱动所述转盘相对于所述托板旋转。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的立体车库，其特征在于，所述旋转传动单元包括旋转齿轮、传动齿轮、涡轮、蜗杆，所述转盘与所述旋转齿轮通过所述芯轴同轴固定，所述旋转齿轮与所述传动齿轮啮合，所述传动齿轮与所述涡轮同轴固定，所述涡轮与所述蜗杆啮合，所述蜗杆与所述驱动单元相连。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的立体车库，其特征在于，所述托板上设有相互垂直的两组接驳轨道，所述转盘上设有一组引导轨道，通过旋转所述转盘，所述引导轨道与所述接驳轨道中的一组对齐。
  10. 如权利要求1-9任一项所述的立体车库，其特征在于，所述立体车库的设有换乘口，所述换乘口与站台、电梯相连，或通过廊道与原有建筑相连，使得所述立体车库具有换乘功能。
  11. 如权利要求1-9任一项所述的立体车库，其特征在于，所述立体车库中的任何一层设置成站台，乘客从该站台进出车辆。
PCT/CN2015/084187 2014-07-16 2015-07-16 立体车库 WO2016008420A1 (zh)

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CN108316710A (zh) * 2018-04-10 2018-07-24 胡伟 一种回转梳齿升降立体车库及其控制方法
CN110388097A (zh) * 2018-04-22 2019-10-29 湖北职业技术学院 一种可变的综合立体车库停车平台
CN110857597A (zh) * 2018-08-22 2020-03-03 武汉艾森威尔科技有限公司 一种立体车库的车辆升降装置
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TWI802525B (zh) * 2022-12-01 2023-05-11 兆竑智聯股份有限公司 車板暫存匣提升車板調度方法及倉儲式停車設備

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CN110388097A (zh) * 2018-04-22 2019-10-29 湖北职业技术学院 一种可变的综合立体车库停车平台
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CN113958165A (zh) * 2020-11-27 2022-01-21 丁宏毅 多出入口电动车立体智能车库及其存取方法

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