WO2016004869A1 - 用于冰箱系统的双压缩机制冷系统 - Google Patents

用于冰箱系统的双压缩机制冷系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016004869A1
WO2016004869A1 PCT/CN2015/083551 CN2015083551W WO2016004869A1 WO 2016004869 A1 WO2016004869 A1 WO 2016004869A1 CN 2015083551 W CN2015083551 W CN 2015083551W WO 2016004869 A1 WO2016004869 A1 WO 2016004869A1
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evaporator
capillary
compartment
control valve
electronic control
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PCT/CN2015/083551
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English (en)
French (fr)
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赵亚丽
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惠而浦股份有限公司
赵亚丽
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Publication of WO2016004869A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016004869A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F25D11/02—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators with cooling compartments at different temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D19/00—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors
    • F25D19/04—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors with more than one refrigeration unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/06—Several compression cycles arranged in parallel

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to a double compressor refrigeration system for a refrigerator system.
  • the preservation effect of the food is enhanced, and the structure of the system has various innovative designs.
  • the design of the dual-compressor refrigerator provides more room for innovation in terms of functionalization.
  • the design of the dual compressor system in the prior art generally comprises two structures, one is a simple parallel system disclosed in Fig. 1, and the other is a refrigeration system with partial interaction.
  • the more complicated system-assisted cooling disclosed in Figure 2 can meet the cooling demand of different compartments, and can achieve energy-saving design, but can not achieve anti-failure function.
  • the compressor oil is unevenly distributed.
  • the compressor of one system may fail due to lack of oil; in addition, excessive valves are used, resulting in increased losses.
  • the utility model avoids the uneven distribution of the lubricating oil of the compressor due to the interactive operation of the system and affects the reliability; the anti-fail function can be realized, that is, if one compressor fails, the other compressor can be in a period of time It satisfies the refrigeration requirements of the entire refrigerator and avoids loss of quality of stored food, medicine, nutrients, wine, etc.
  • the valve system is simple, easy to design and optimize control, and reduce local flow loss.
  • the utility model is composed of two groups of refrigeration systems, each of which has an independent condenser, and two evaporators respectively have two capillaries controlled by an electronic valve.
  • the two evaporators of each group are placed in two compartments, respectively, and cooling of the two compartments can be implemented.
  • the present invention provides a dual compressor refrigeration system for a refrigerator system, comprising: a first group of refrigeration systems including: a first compressor; a first condenser; a first electronic control valve capable of Switching between a first position and a second position; a first capillary connected to the first electronic control valve; a second capillary communicating in parallel with the first capillary to the first electronic control valve; a first evaporator Arranged in the first chamber and connected to the first capillary; a second evaporator disposed in the second chamber and in communication with the first evaporator and the second capillary; and a second group of refrigeration systems including: second a second condenser; a second electronically controlled valve capable of switching between a first position and a second position; a third capillary connected to the second electronically controlled valve; a fourth capillary, the third capillary Parallelly connected to the second electronic control valve; a third evaporator disposed in the second chamber and communicating to the third capillary; a fourth
  • the first capillary operates such that the first evaporator located in the first compartment and the second evaporator located in the second compartment operate simultaneously.
  • the second evaporator when the first electronically controlled valve is in the second position, the second evaporator operates such that the second evaporator located in the second compartment operates.
  • the third capillary operates such that the third evaporator located in the second compartment and the fourth evaporator located in the first compartment operate simultaneously.
  • the fourth capillary operates such that the third evaporator located in the second compartment operates.
  • the first evaporator can be arranged in the first compartment in combination with the fourth evaporator.
  • the second evaporator can be arranged in the first compartment in combination with the third evaporator Inside.
  • the present invention further provides a refrigerator system comprising the dual compressor refrigeration system according to the various aspects above.
  • the patent can obtain the functional benefits: the heat load of a certain room increases, the four evaporators can implement selective conduction, increase the cooling capacity, meet the additional heat load, and achieve the effect of rapid cooling. If one of the compressors fails, one of the systems fails to work properly, and another compressor-driven refrigeration system can simultaneously drive the cooling requirements of the two compartments in a certain period of time, ensuring that the indoor storage is before the faulty system is resolved. The food will not deteriorate rapidly; the two sets of refrigeration systems are designed independently. When an oil compressor is used, the compressor will not be ineffective due to uneven oil distribution caused by long-term operation, and the life of the compressor will be slowed down.
  • Figure 1 is a simple parallel system known in the prior art
  • 3 is a schematic view of the design structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 Reference numerals in Fig. 3: 1 first compressor, 2 first condenser, 3 first electronic control valve, 4 first circulation capillary, 5 second circulation capillary, 6 first evaporator, 7 chamber, 8 Second evaporator, 9 second chamber, 10 fourth evaporator, 11 third evaporator, 12 third circulation capillary, 13 fourth circulation capillary, 14 second electronic control valve, 15 second condenser, 16th Two compressors, 17 first filters, 18 second filters.
  • the dual compressor refrigeration system for a refrigerator system includes a first group of refrigeration systems, wherein the first group of refrigeration systems includes a first compressor 1; a first condenser 2; Control valve 3 capable of being in the first position and the second position Inter-switching; a first capillary 4 connected to the first electronic control valve 3; a second capillary 5 communicating in parallel with the first capillary 4 to the first electronic control valve 3; a first evaporator 8, arranged in the A chamber 9 is connected to the first capillary tube 4; a second evaporator 6 is disposed in the second chamber 7 and is in communication with the first evaporator 8 and the second capillary tube 5.
  • the first group of refrigeration systems includes a first compressor 1; a first condenser 2; Control valve 3 capable of being in the first position and the second position Inter-switching; a first capillary 4 connected to the first electronic control valve 3; a second capillary 5 communicating in parallel with the first capillary 4 to the first electronic control valve 3; a first
  • a dual compressor refrigeration system for a refrigerator system further includes a second group of refrigeration systems, wherein the second group of refrigeration systems includes a second compressor 16; a second condenser 15; and a second electronic control valve 14 Capable of switching between a first position and a second position; a third capillary 12 that communicates to the second electronically controlled valve 14; a fourth capillary 13 that communicates with the third capillary 12 in parallel to the second electronically controlled valve 14; a third evaporator 11 disposed in the second compartment 7 and communicating to the third capillary 12; a fourth evaporator 10 disposed in the first compartment 9 and with the third evaporator 11 and the fourth The capillary 14 is in communication.
  • the first group of refrigeration systems can perform two modes of operation, with the electronic control valve 3 performing a selective operation.
  • the circulation capillary 4 When the circulation capillary 4 is selected for operation, the evaporators of the two compartments of the first group of refrigeration systems operate simultaneously, and the two compartments are cooled; when the circulation capillary 5 is selected for operation, only the first compartment 7 evaporates.
  • the device 6 works.
  • the first group of refrigeration systems is driven by compressor 1.
  • the second group of refrigeration systems can also perform two modes of operation, with selective operation via electronically controlled valves 14.
  • the circulation capillary 12 When the circulation capillary 12 is selected for operation, the two compartments of the second group of refrigeration systems operate simultaneously, and the two compartments are cooled; when the circulation capillary 13 is operated, only the evaporator 10 of the second compartment 9 operates. .
  • the second group of refrigeration systems has compressor 16 drive operation.
  • the first group of refrigeration systems selects the circulating capillary 5 to operate, and the second group of refrigeration systems selects the circulating capillary 13 for operation, only the evaporator 6 and the evaporator 10 operate in the system, at which time the system is in the most energy-efficient operation; when there is a heat load
  • the first group of refrigeration systems will select the circulating capillary 4 to operate, that is, the evaporator 8 and the evaporator 6 operate simultaneously, and the cooling capacity of the chamber 9 is the largest.
  • the utility model can realize 1) anti-failure function, because each refrigeration cycle of the compressor can perform intelligent selective operation; 2) the double compressor simultaneously works for each compartment, so that the cooling capacity of each compartment is doubled, This achieves super fast cooling function; 3) selective operation can obtain maximum energy saving; 4) intelligent control; 5) avoid failure due to long-term oil shortage due to uneven oil distribution after compressor collusion.
  • the utility model can meet the basic functions of the existing design, and also has the innovative functions on the market, including the realization of super rapid cooling, and the compartments of the refrigerator are not forced to stop working due to the damage of one of the refrigeration cycles. There are risks affecting food storage.
  • any cycle in the oil-free variable-frequency dual-compressor circulation system can achieve cooling of each compartment and can be operated interactively, so that during stable operation, the heat load through the compartment is required. Energy efficiency optimization matching is performed for each cycle separately; when a new thermal load is placed, the cooling of the inverter compressor is adjusted to achieve rapid cooling; the dual-inverter compressor works at the same maximum cooling capacity, and can achieve super fast cooling function. Meet high quality customer needs.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

一种冰箱系统的双压缩机制冷系统，其包括两组制冷系统。其中，第一组制冷系统包括第一压缩机（1）、第一冷凝器（2）、在第一位置和第二位置之间转换的第一电子控制阀（3）、连通到第一电子控制阀（3）的第一毛细管（4）、与第一毛细管（4）并行地连通到第一电子控制阀（3）的第二毛细管（5）、布置在第一间室（9）内并连通到第一毛细管（4）的第一蒸发器（8）、以及布置在第二间室（7）内并与第一蒸发器（8）和第二毛细管（5）连通的第二蒸发器（6）；第二组制冷系统包括第二压缩机（16）、第二冷凝器（15）、在第一位置和第二位置之间转换的第二电子控制阀（14）、连通到第二电子控制阀（14）的第三毛细管（12）、与第三毛细管（12）并行地连通到第二电子控制阀（14）的第四毛细管（13）、布置在第二间室（7）内并连通到第三毛细管（12）的第三蒸发器（11）、以及布置在第一间室（9）内并与第三蒸发器（11）和第四毛细管（13）连通的第四蒸发器（10）。

Description

用于冰箱系统的双压缩机制冷系统 技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种用于冰箱系统的双压缩机制冷系统。
背景技术
目前中国市场上为了实现冰箱的更多功能和智能化控制，提升食品的保鲜效果，对系统的结构有多样化的创新设计。而双压缩机制冷冰箱的设计为实现功能化提供了更大的创新空间。
目前技术领域内的双压缩机系统的设计大体包括两种结构，图1中是一种中公开的简单的并联系统，图2是一种具有部分交互功能的制冷系统。
现有相似技术的双压缩机循环有两种，图1中公开的两台压缩机简单的设计为两个独立的制冷循环，每一个循环负责某些固定的间室，这种设计的优点是能够达到节能，根据不同的热负荷选择不同的压缩机运转。但基本设计就是两个独立的制冷系统分别对两个间室进行制冷，只具备节能设计功能，不能实现根据热负荷需要调节冷量以及防失效功能。
图2中公开的更复杂的对系统交互制冷能够满足不同间室的冷量需求，能够达到节能设计，但是不能实现防失效功能，经长时间的运转，压缩机油存在分配不均，存在某一个系统的压缩机由于缺油而失效的可能；另外采用过多的阀，导致损失增加。
本实用新型避免出现由于系统的交互运转导致压缩机润滑油分配不均，影响可靠性；能够实现防失效功能，即，如果某一台压缩机出现故障，另外一台压缩机能够在一段时间内满足整个冰箱的制冷需求，避免对储存的食品、药品、营养品、酒等品质造成损失；阀系统简单，便于设计优化控制，并减少局部流动损失。
实用新型内容
本实用新型由两组制冷系统组成，每一组制冷系统分别具有独立的冷凝器，两个蒸发器分别有两个毛细管由电子阀控制导通。每一组的两个蒸发器分别置于两个间室，可以实施对两个间室的制冷。
具体地，本实用新型提出一种用于冰箱系统的双压缩机制冷系统，其包括：第一组制冷系统，其包括：第一压缩机；第一冷凝器；第一电子控制阀，其能够在第一位置和第二位置之间转换；第一毛细管，其连通到第一电子控制阀；第二毛细管，其与第一毛细管并行地连通到第一电子控制阀；第一蒸发器，其布置在第一间室内，并连通到第一毛细管；第二蒸发器，其布置在第二间室内，并与第一蒸发器和第二毛细管连通；第二组制冷系统，其包括：第二压缩机；第二冷凝器；第二电子控制阀，其能够在第一位置和第二位置之间转换；第三毛细管，其连通到第二电子控制阀；第四毛细管，其与第三毛细管并行地连通到第二电子控制阀；第三蒸发器，其布置在第二间室内，并连通到第三毛细管；第四蒸发器，其布置在第一间室内，并与第三蒸发器和第四毛细管连通。
优选地，在第一电子控制阀位于第一位置时，第一毛细管工作，使得位于第一间室内的第一蒸发器和位于第二间室内的第二蒸发器同时工作。
优选地，在第一电子控制阀位于第二位置时，第二蒸发器工作，使得位于第二间室内的第二蒸发器工作。
优选地，在第二电子控制阀位于第一位置时，第三毛细管工作，使得位于第二间室内的第三蒸发器和位于第一间室内的第四蒸发器同时工作。
优选地，在第二电子控制阀位于第二位置时，第四毛细管工作，使得位于第二间室内的第三蒸发器工作。
优选地，第一蒸发器能够与第四蒸发器组合地布置在第一间室内。
优选地，第二蒸发器能够与第三蒸发器组合地布置在第一间室 内。
本实用新型另外提出一种冰箱系统，其包括根据以上各个方面所述的双压缩机制冷系统。
已有技术相比，本专利能够获得的功能收益：某一间室的热负荷增加，四个蒸发器可以实施选择性导通，增加冷量，满足额外增加的热负荷，达到快速制冷的效果；如果某一压缩机出现故障，导致其中一个系统无法正常工作，另外一个压缩机驱动的制冷系统能够在一定时间内同时带动两个间室的制冷需求，保证在故障系统解决之前，间室内储存的食物不会快速变质；两组制冷系统独立设计，采用有油压缩机时，不会因长时间运转带来的油分布不均而导致压缩机失效，减缓压缩机寿命的现象发生。
附图说明
图1是现有技术中已知的简单并联系统；
图2是另一现有技术中已知的具有部分交互功能的制冷系统；以及
图3是本实用新型的设计结构示意图。
图3中的附图标记：1第一压缩机、2第一冷凝器、3第一电子控制阀、4第一循环毛细管、5第二循环毛细管、6第一蒸发器、7间室、8第二蒸发器、9第二间室、10第四蒸发器、11第三蒸发器、12第三循环毛细管、13第四循环毛细管、14第二电子控制阀、15第二冷凝器、16第二压缩机、17第一过滤器、18第二过滤器。
具体实施方式
下面参考图3详细描述根据本实用新型的用于冰箱系统的双压缩机制冷系统。
如图3所示，根据本实用新型的用于冰箱系统的双压缩机制冷系统包括第一组制冷系统，其中第一组制冷系统包括第一压缩机1；第一冷凝器2；第一电子控制阀3，其能够在第一位置和第二位置之 间转换；第一毛细管4，其连通到第一电子控制阀3；第二毛细管5，其与第一毛细管4并行地连通到第一电子控制阀3；第一蒸发器8，其布置在第一间室9内，并连通到第一毛细管4；第二蒸发器6，其布置在第二间室7内，并与第一蒸发器8和第二毛细管5连通。
根据本实用新型的用于冰箱系统的双压缩机制冷系统还包括第二组制冷系统，其中第二组制冷系统包括第二压缩机16；第二冷凝器15；第二电子控制阀14，其能够在第一位置和第二位置之间转换；第三毛细管12，其连通到第二电子控制阀14；第四毛细管13，其与第三毛细管12并行地连通到第二电子控制阀14；第三蒸发器11，其布置在第二间室7内，并连通到第三毛细管12；第四蒸发器10，其布置在第一间室9内，并与第三蒸发器11和第四毛细管14连通。
第一组制冷系统可以执行两种运行方式，通过电子控制阀3进行选择运行。当选择循环毛细管4进行工作时，第一组制冷系统的两个间室的蒸发器同时工作，对两个间室实施制冷；当选择循环毛细管5进行工作时，只有第一间室7中蒸发器6进行工作。第一组制冷系统由压缩机1驱动运行。
第二组制冷系统同样可以执行两种运行方式，通过电子控制阀14进行选择运行。当选择循环毛细管12进行工作时，第二组制冷系统的两个间室同时工作，对两个间室实施制冷；当循环毛细管13进行工作时，只有第二间室9中蒸发器10进行工作。第二组制冷系统有压缩机16驱动运行。
当第一组制冷系统选择循环毛细管5进行工作，第二组制冷系统选择循环毛细管13进行工作时，系统中只有蒸发器6和蒸发器10工作，此时系统处于最节能运转；当有热负荷放入间室9中时，需要提高间室9的冷量，第一组制冷系统将选择循环毛细管4进行工作，即蒸发器8和蒸发器6同时工作，此时间室9中冷量最大，加速制冷；当有热负荷放入间室7中时，需要提高间室7的冷量，第二组制冷系统选择循环毛细管12进行工作，即蒸发器10和蒸发器11同时工作，此时间室7中冷量最大，加速制冷。
本实用新型能够实现1)防失效功能，因为每一个压缩机的制冷循环都可以进行智能化选择性工作；2)双压缩机同时为各个间室工作，使各个间室的冷量加倍，以此实现超级快速冷却功能；3)选择性工作能够获得最大的节能；4)智能化控制；5)避免由于压缩机串通后油分布不均导致其因长时间缺油而失效。
本实用新型的优点在于：
1、本实用新型能够满足现存设计的基本功能外，还具有目前市场上的创新功能，包括超级快速冷却的实现，以及冰箱各间室不会由于其中一个制冷循环的损坏而被迫停止工作，出现影响食品储存等风险.此外，无油变频双压缩机循环系统中的任何一个循环都能够实现各个间室的冷却，可以交互运转，从而，在稳定运转期间，通过间室热负荷的需要，分别对每一个循环进行能效优化匹配；当放入新的热负荷时，通过调节变频压缩机的冷量实现快速降温；双变频压缩机同时最大冷量状态下工作，能够实现超级快速冷却功能，满足高品质的客户需求。
2、双压缩机，带动可交互工作的双系统，与目前市场上一般双压缩机系统简单的设计不同，前者的创新点在于每一个压缩机都可以带动所有间室，可以根据需要选择性工作；而后者只是简单的独立两个制冷系统各负责一个间室的功能。所以，本专利对客户是一个全新的概念和体验，具有创新性。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种用于冰箱系统的双压缩机制冷系统，其包括：
    第一组制冷系统，其包括：
    第一压缩机(1)；
    第一冷凝器(2)；
    第一电子控制阀(3)，其能够在第一位置和第二位置之间转换；
    第一毛细管(4)，其连通到第一电子控制阀(3)；
    第二毛细管(5)，其与第一毛细管(4)并行地连通到第一电子控制阀(3)；
    第一蒸发器(8)，其布置在第一间室(9)内，并连通到第一毛细管(4)；
    第二蒸发器(6)，其布置在第二间室(7)内，并与第一蒸发器(8)和第二毛细管(5)连通；
    第二组制冷系统，其包括：
    第二压缩机(16)；
    第二冷凝器(15)；
    第二电子控制阀(14)，其能够在第一位置和第二位置之间转换；
    第三毛细管(12)，其连通到第二电子控制阀(14)；
    第四毛细管(13)，其与第三毛细管(12)并行地连通到第二电子控制阀(14)；
    第三蒸发器(11)，其布置在第二间室(7)内，并连通到第三毛细管(12)；
    第四蒸发器(10)，其布置在第一间室(9)内，并与第三蒸发器(11)和第四毛细管(14)连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于冰箱系统的双压缩机制冷系统，其中，在第一电子控制阀(3)位于第一位置时，第一毛细管(4) 工作，使得位于第一间室(9)内的第一蒸发器(8)和位于第二间室(7)内的第二蒸发器(6)同时工作。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的用于冰箱系统的双压缩机制冷系统，其中，在第一电子控制阀(3)位于第二位置时，第二蒸发器(6)工作，使得位于第二间室(7)内的第二蒸发器(6)工作。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的用于冰箱系统的双压缩机制冷系统，其中，在第二电子控制阀(14)位于第一位置时，第三毛细管(12)工作，使得位于第二间室(7)内的第三蒸发器(11)和位于第一间室(9)内的第四蒸发器(10)同时工作。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的用于冰箱系统的双压缩机制冷系统，其中，在第二电子控制阀(14)位于第二位置时，第四毛细管(13)工作，使得位于第二间室(7)内的第三蒸发器(11)工作。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的用于冰箱系统的双压缩机制冷系统，其中，第一蒸发器(8)能够与第四蒸发器(10)组合地布置在第一间室(9)内。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的用于冰箱系统的双压缩机制冷系统，其中，第二蒸发器(6)能够与第三蒸发器(11)组合地布置在第二间室(7)内。
  8. 一种冰箱系统，其包括根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的双压缩机制冷系统。
PCT/CN2015/083551 2014-07-09 2015-07-08 用于冰箱系统的双压缩机制冷系统 WO2016004869A1 (zh)

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KR20170067559A (ko) * 2015-12-08 2017-06-16 엘지전자 주식회사 냉장고 및 그 제어방법
CN106766298A (zh) * 2016-12-29 2017-05-31 宁波杭州湾新区祥源动力供应有限公司 一种生活空调系统与工艺空调系统联合冷却装置
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