WO2015174996A1 - Tagged paraffin inhibitors and asphaltene inhibitors for use in subterranean operations - Google Patents
Tagged paraffin inhibitors and asphaltene inhibitors for use in subterranean operations Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015174996A1 WO2015174996A1 PCT/US2014/038389 US2014038389W WO2015174996A1 WO 2015174996 A1 WO2015174996 A1 WO 2015174996A1 US 2014038389 W US2014038389 W US 2014038389W WO 2015174996 A1 WO2015174996 A1 WO 2015174996A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- inhibitor
- tagged
- subterranean formation
- tagged inhibitor
- fluid
- Prior art date
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- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 44
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 32
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 13
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 ethyl vinyl acetates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 0 *N(O)OCCOC(C=C)=O Chemical compound *N(O)OCCOC(C=C)=O 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940123973 Oxygen scavenger Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonate Chemical compound O=P(=O)OP(=O)=O YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical class O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentoxide Inorganic materials O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012857 radioactive material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002455 scale inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004457 water analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B37/00—Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells
- E21B37/06—Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells using chemical means for preventing or limiting, e.g. eliminating, the deposition of paraffins or like substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/52—Compositions for preventing, limiting or eliminating depositions, e.g. for cleaning
- C09K8/524—Compositions for preventing, limiting or eliminating depositions, e.g. for cleaning organic depositions, e.g. paraffins or asphaltenes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/10—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements
- E21B47/11—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements using tracers; using radioactivity
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/08—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/71—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
- G01N21/73—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited using plasma burners or torches
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
- G01V8/10—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to treatment fluids and methods for providing paraffin inhibition in subterranean operations, pipelines, and other related operations.
- Crude oil produced from subterranean formations typically contains many kinds of hydrocarbons, including paraffin wax.
- Paraffin wax is typically dissolved crude oil at higher temperatures and/or pressures.
- paraffin wax tends to precipitate from crude oil in waxy solid deposits when the pressure and temperature is lowered as the hydrocarbon is produced and as the crude oil cools down.
- Paraffin wax deposition in well bores, tubing, and/or pipelines may obstruct the flow of oil and/or other fluids, lowering oil production and interfering with transportation.
- Asphaltenes are also a problem in crude oil production in many areas around the world. Asphaltenes may precipitate as solids in the matrix of the formation, in a previously- created fracture in the formation, in the wellbore, or in production tubing. Asphaltenes that precipitate in the formation can result in plugging of the pores in the matrix subterranean formation.
- the main mechanical approach for helping to clean a pipeline is to run a mechanical device (e.g. , a "pig” or paraffin scratcher or scraper) through the pipeline that scrapes the inner wall of the pipeline and pushes the paraffin through.
- a mechanical device e.g. , a "pig” or paraffin scratcher or scraper
- the device is normally driven through the pipeline by a relatively high pumping pressure behind the device, which is used to force the pig through the pipeline.
- a relatively high pumping pressure behind the device which is used to force the pig through the pipeline.
- paraffin buildup on the inner walls of the pipeline is heavy, as the device moves forward it will collect so much paraffin in front of the moving device that it blocks any further movement of the device, plugging the pipeline.
- these techniques are typically unsuitable for use in a subterranean formation or well bore.
- heated oil and/or water also may be pumped through production tubulars to reduce paraffin deposition, but these methods also may not be suitable for subterranean tubulars.
- Certain pipelines where paraffin deposition occurs also may be heated.
- these techniques are often very costly, and may not be feasible for subsea pipelines that are in direct contact with the surrounding cold seawater.
- paraffin and asphaltene treatment additives have also been injected into tubulars, pipelines, and/or subterranean formations to remove paraffin wax and/or to reduce or substantially prevent deposition of paraffin wax in pipelines and tubulars, all with varying levels of success.
- paraffin treatment additives include solvents, surfactants, dispersants, crystal modifiers, and the like.
- these paraffin inhibitors are not always effective, for example, if they are not placed in the desired locations and/or are not delivered to the desired locations at sufficiently high concentrations.
- certain types of tracer materials such as radioactive materials, fluorescing materials, and iodine have been included in the same fluid as the paraffin or asphaltene inhibitor to monitor their location.
- the accuracy of these tracers is often uncertain, for example, since the tracers often have different solubilities from that of the paraffin or asphaltene inhibitor.
- Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating an injection system that may be used in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure.
- the present disclosure relates to compositions, treatment fluids and methods for providing paraffin inhibition in subterranean operations, pipelines, and other related operations.
- the methods and compositions of the present disclosure generally involve the synthesis and use of paraffin and/or asphaltene inhibiting additives that are tagged with one or more detectable moieties (i.e. , a detectable element or functional group) so that they may be traced for residual concentrations using various analytical methods when placed in those locations.
- the tagged inhibitors of the present disclosure generally comprise a base compound that is capable of inhibiting and/or preventing the precipitation of paraffins and/or asphaltenes bonded with a detectable element or functional group.
- a tagged inhibitor of the present disclosure may be placed in or near a subterranean formation, well bore, pipeline, or other location where paraffin and/or asphaltene inhibition is desired.
- the residual amount and/or concentration of the tagged inhibitor in a specific location then may be determined by analyzing fluid samples from that location (e.g. , the well bore or pipeline) and determining the concentration of the detectable element or functional group.
- the methods, compositions, and additives of the present disclosure may, among other benefits, provide a monitoring tool for establishing effective treatment rates for paraffin and/or asphaltene inhibitors where conventional monitoring methods cannot be used, and may do so more accurately, reliably, and efficiently even where such conventional methods are available.
- the enhanced monitoring techniques enabled by the methods, compositions, and additives of the present disclosure may lead to decreased failure rates due to inadequate treatment, and/or may reduce cost incurred by overtreatment to avoid failures.
- the methods, compositions, and additives of the present disclosure also may reduce operator cost by eliminating the need for time-consuming monitoring methods and lost time and resources due to inaccurate monitoring.
- the methods, compositions and additives of the present disclosure also may decrease the uncertainty of inhibitor transport in certain applications involving pipelines, liquid-producing wells, annulus drip applications, capillary strings, umbilical lines, batch treatments, gas lift applications, and the like.
- the base paraffin and/or asphaltene inhibiting compounds used in the methods and compositions of the present disclosure may comprise any compound that inhibits the precipitation of paraffin wax or asphaltenes.
- Examples of such base compounds that may be suitable for use include, but are not limited to polyacrylates, maleic anhydrides, ethyl vinyl acetates, olefin / maleic esters, olefin / maleic imides, alky phenol resins, and derivatives and copolymers thereof.
- Other examples of base paraffin and/or asphaltene inhibiting compounds may include certain surfactants, dispersants, and the like.
- the base compound may be provided as a reagent, or may be generated in the synthesis process.
- the detectable elements and functional groups used in the methods and compositions of the present disclosure may comprise any element or functional group that is not generally found in subterranean formations or produced water, or is only present in low concentrations.
- Examples of detectable elements that may be used include, but are not limited to, boron, phosphorus, bromine, iodine, selenium, and combinations thereof.
- the detectable element may be provided as a component of another compound or reagent to be reacted with the base compound or its precursors.
- boron may be provided in one or more borates, such as boric acid, borax, and the like.
- the tagged inhibitors of the present disclosure may be synthesized by any means known in the art.
- An example of a synthesis scheme that may be used to synthesize tagged inhibitors of the present disclosure is illustrated in Scheme 1 below.
- Scheme 1 reacts an alpha-olefin / maleic anhydride copolymer with phosphorus pentoxide to yield an alpha-olefin / maleic anhydride copolymer tagged with a phosphorus ester.
- Scheme 2 Another example of a synthesis scheme that may be used to synthesize a tagged inhibitor of the present disclosure is illustrated in Scheme 2 below.
- the tagged inhibitor IV is prepared by copolymerizing monomers I (or I'), II, and III in solution at certain ratios using an azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) radical initiator.
- AIBN azobisisobutyronitrile
- the ratios of the various reagents in the synthesis schemes shown above may be varied to produce tagged inhibitors having different structures and/or to produce a higher or lower yield of tagged inhibitor.
- the ratio of the monomers shown in Scheme 2 above may vary depending on, among other things, the desired concentration of tagged inhibitor, minimum detection limits of the detectable element or functional group, and other factors. A person of skill in the art, with the benefit of this disclosure, will recognize how to vary those amounts to produce the desired tagged compounds and structures.
- the molar concentration or amount of a tagged inhibitor used in the methods and compositions of the present disclosure may be similar to those used in conventional uses of the un-tagged base compounds as paraffin and/or asphaltene inhibitors, although the amount or concentration of the inhibitor by mass, once tagged with the detectable element or functional group, may be higher than the amounts of un-tagged base compound used conventionally.
- the tagged inhibitors of the present disclosure may be introduced into a solution or fluid (e.g. , a fluid in a pipeline) in a concentration of from about 50 parts per million ("ppm") to about 2000 ppm.
- a tagged inhibitor of the present disclosure may be used in combination with one or more additional paraffin and/or asphaltene inhibitors, including but not limited to inhibitors that are not tagged with a detectable element or functional group.
- the inhibitors of the present disclosure may be introduced in a subterranean formation and/or well bore in conjunction with one or more treatment fluids.
- Such treatment fluids may comprise any treatment fluid known in the art (e.g., treatment fluids suitable for use in subterranean formations).
- treatment fluid refers to any fluid that may be used in an application in conjunction with a desired function and/or for a desired purpose.
- treatment does not imply any particular action by the fluid or any component thereof.
- the treatment fluids of the present invention generally comprise a base fluid and, in certain embodiments, comprise one or more acids. Examples of common treatment fluids include, but are not limited to, drilling fluids, spacer fluids, completion fluids, and work-over fluids.
- Treatment fluids of the present disclosure optionally may comprise any number of additional additives in combination with the catechol component and amine component.
- additional additives include, but are not limited to, weighting agents, surfactants, emulsifiers, acids, fluorides, fluid loss control additives, gas, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, surface modifying agents, tackifying agents, foamers, corrosion inhibitors, scale inhibitors, catalysts, clay control agents, biocides, friction reducers, antifoam agents, bridging agents, dispersants, flocculants, additional H 2 S scavengers, C0 2 scavengers, oxygen scavengers, lubricants, viscosifiers, breakers, relative permeability modifiers, resins, particulate materials (e.g., proppant particulates), wetting agents, coating enhancement agents, filter cake removal agents, and the like.
- a person skilled in the art, with the benefit of this disclosure, will recognize the types of additives that may be included in the fluids of the
- Suitable subterranean operations may include, but are not limited to, preflush treatments, afterflush treatments, drilling operations, hydraulic fracturing treatments, sand control treatments (e.g., gravel packing), acidizing treatments (e.g., matrix acidizing or fracture acidizing), "frac-pack" treatments, well bore clean-out treatments, and other operations where a treatment fluid or inhibitor of the present disclosure may be useful.
- the methods and/or compositions of the present disclosure may be used in near well bore clean-out operations, wherein a treatment fluid of the present disclosure may be circulated in the subterranean formation, thereby suspending or solubilizing particulates residing in the formation. The treatment fluid then may be recovered out of the formation, carrying the suspended or solubilized particulates with it.
- a tagged inhibitor of the present disclosure may be pumped into a portion of a subterranean formation (e.g. , a fracture) where the fluid may leak off into the formation faces near the well bore, forming a reservoir of inhibitor near the well bore.
- the methods and/or compositions of the present disclosure may be used in construction and/or operation of pipelines (e.g. , transportation pipelines, distribution pipelines, etc.) or umbilical equipment that may be used, among other purposes, to transport various fluids (e.g. , treatment fluids and/or fluids produced from subterranean formations).
- the inhibitors of the present disclosure may be introduced into a subterranean formation, a well bore penetrating a subterranean formation, tubing, and/or pipeline using any method or equipment known in the art. Introduction of the inhibitors of the present disclosure may in such embodiments include delivery via any of a tube, umbilical, pump, gravity, and combinations thereof.
- An inhibitor of the present disclosure may, in various embodiments, be delivered downhole (e.g., into the wellbore) or into top-side flowlines / pipelines or surface treating equipment. For example, these inhibitors may be applied to a subterranean formation and/or well bore using batch treatments, squeeze treatments, continuous treatments, and/or combinations thereof.
- a batch treatment may be performed in a subterranean formation by stopping production from the well and pumping a specific amount or quantity of the tagged inhibitor into a well bore, which may be performed at one or more points in time during the life of a well.
- a squeeze treatment may be performed by dissolving the tagged inhibitor in a suitable solvent at a suitable concentration and squeezing that solvent carrying the inhibitor downhole into the formation, allowing production out of the formation to bring the tagged inhibitor to its desired location.
- a tagged inhibitor of the present disclosure may be injected into a portion of a subterranean formation using an annular space or capillary injection system to continuously introduce the inhibitor into the formation.
- a tagged inhibitor of the present disclosure may be used to continuously inject a tagged inhibitor of the present disclosure into a well bore.
- Such continuous injection equipment at a well site may be controlled from a remote location and/or may be partially or completely automated.
- a treatment fluid comprising a tagged inhibitor of the present disclosure may be circulated in the well bore using the same types of pumping systems and equipment at the surface that are used to introduce treatment fluids or additives into a well bore penetrating at least a portion of the subterranean formation.
- an inhibitor of the present disclosure could be dried and formed into a solid for delivery into rat holes, tanks, and/or a wellbore.
- a tagged inhibitor of the present disclosure may be introduced into a well bore using a capillary injection system as shown in Figure 1.
- well bore 105 has been drilled to penetrate a portion of a subterranean formation 100.
- a tubing 1 10 ⁇ e.g., production tubing
- a capillary injection tube 130 is disposed in the annular space between the outer surface of tubing 1 10 and the inner wall of well bore 105.
- the capillary injection tube 130 is connected to a side-pocket mandrel 140 at a lower section of the tubing 110.
- a tagged inhibitor may be injected into capillary injection tube 130 at the wellhead 108 at the surface ⁇ e.g.
- the system shown in Figure 1 also may include one or more valves (not shown) at one or more locations along the capillary injection tube 130, among other reasons, to prevent flowback of fluid or gas to the surface through the tube.
- the tagged inhibitor may inhibit the deposition of paraffin wax and/or asphaltenes on the inner surfaces of tubing 110.
- Other capillary injection systems and side pocket mandrel devices ⁇ e.g. , those used in gas lift production) may be used in a similar manner to the system shown in Figure 1.
- a tagged inhibitor of the present disclosure may be added to a pipeline where one or more fluids enter the pipeline and/or at one or more other locations along the length of the pipeline.
- the tagged inhibitor may be added in batches or injected substantially continuously while the pipeline is being used.
- the tagged inhibitors of the present disclosure may be detected or traced in fluid samples taken from any location where the tagged inhibitor is believed to be.
- fluid samples may be taken at the surface ⁇ e.g. , at a well head) and/or one or more downhole locations.
- fluid samples may be taken at one or more locations along the pipeline.
- the fluid samples may be analyzed using any technique known in the art for detecting the detectable element or functional group (e.g., standard water analysis techniques), which may be conducted at the site where the samples were taken or at an offsite location.
- analysis techniques include, but are not limited to, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) or inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), liquid or gas chromatography (e.g., HPLC), mass spectroscopy, or any combination thereof.
- ICP-OES inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry
- ICP-AES inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy
- HPLC gas chromatography
- mass spectroscopy or any combination thereof.
- the data generated in this analysis may be used determine the presence and/or concentration of a tagged inhibitor of the present disclosure. That data may be used to determine, among other things, whether an obstruction may be preventing fluid and inhibitor from flowing to the sampled location, and/or whether additional inhibitors should be added (e.g., if the concentration of the tagged inhibitor is less than a predetermined effective amount necessary to sufficiently inhibit paraffin and/or asphaltene precipitation). Where a tagged inhibitor of the present disclosure is applied in a batch treatment, the data generated in this analysis may be used to determine a residual concentration of the inhibitor after a certain period of time has passed since the last batch treatment. In certain embodiments, this data also may be used to infer the presence and/or location of additional additives (e.g.
- paraffin and/or asphaltene inhibitors that are not tagged with a detectable element or functional group that were mixed and/or injected with a tagged inhibitor of the present disclosure.
- an operator or technician may use some or all of this data to assess whether the inhibitors are being applied in a particular operation in sufficient concentrations and/or sufficiently frequently (e.g. , where batch treatments are used) to provide the desired level of paraffin and/or asphaltene inhibition. Based at least in part on this data, an operator or user may select or adjust the concentration of an inhibitor to use, for example, in an ongoing continuous treatment and/or in a subsequent batch treatment.
- an operator or user also may select and/or adjust the frequency and/or timing for a subsequent batch treatment of an inhibitor.
- such subsequent treatments may use a tagged inhibitor of the present disclosure and/or any other paraffin or asphaltene inhibitor known in the art.
- the data generated in this analysis may be stored electronically and/or loaded into a database (e.g., an online database accessible from remote locations) for access by operators and/or technicians who may use that data to assess various conditions and treatment plans.
- a database e.g., an online database accessible from remote locations
- One example of such a database where this data may be loaded and accessed is the MVP 2.0TM database available from Multi-Chem, a division of Halliburton Energy Services.
- An embodiment of the present disclosure is a method comprising: providing a tagged inhibitor that comprises a base compound capable of inhibiting precipitation of paraffins or asphaltenes bonded with a detectable moiety; and introducing the tagged inhibitor into at least a portion of a subterranean formation.
- Another embodiment of the present disclosure is a method comprising: providing a tagged inhibitor that comprises a base compound capable of inhibiting the precipitation of paraffins or asphaltenes bonded with a detectable moiety; and introducing the tagged inhibitor into at least a portion of a pipeline carrying one or more fluids from one location along the pipeline to another location along the pipeline.
- Another embodiment of the present disclosure is a method comprising: providing a tagged inhibitor that comprises a maleic anhydride copolymer bonded with a detectable moiety comprising phosphorous; introducing the tagged inhibitor into at least a portion of a subterranean formation; and using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry to determine a concentration of the tagged inhibitor in a sample of fluid from at least a portion of the subterranean formation.
- compositions and methods are described in terms of "comprising,” “containing,” or “including” various components or steps, the compositions and methods can also “consist essentially of or “consist of the various components and steps.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2014/038389 WO2015174996A1 (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2014-05-16 | Tagged paraffin inhibitors and asphaltene inhibitors for use in subterranean operations |
BR112016022191A BR112016022191B8 (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2014-05-16 | METHOD OF TREATMENT IN UNDERGROUND OPERATIONS |
EP14891637.2A EP3129444B1 (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2014-05-16 | Tagged paraffin inhibitors and asphaltene inhibitors for use in subterranean operations |
US14/908,440 US20160168952A1 (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2014-05-16 | Tagged paraffin inhibitors and asphaltene inhibitors for use in subterranean operations |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2014/038389 WO2015174996A1 (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2014-05-16 | Tagged paraffin inhibitors and asphaltene inhibitors for use in subterranean operations |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2015174996A1 true WO2015174996A1 (en) | 2015-11-19 |
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PCT/US2014/038389 WO2015174996A1 (en) | 2014-05-16 | 2014-05-16 | Tagged paraffin inhibitors and asphaltene inhibitors for use in subterranean operations |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20160168952A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3129444B1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112016022191B8 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015174996A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
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WO2017214393A1 (en) * | 2016-06-10 | 2017-12-14 | Ecolab USA, Inc. | Paraffin suppressant compositions, and methods of making and using |
US10914427B2 (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2021-02-09 | Oil and Gas Solutions, LLC | Automated pipeline chemical batch treatment |
US10954437B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2021-03-23 | Championx Usa Inc. | Compositions and methods for corrosion inhibitor monitoring |
US10961444B1 (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2021-03-30 | Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc | Method of using coated composites containing delayed release agent in a well treatment operation |
US11130685B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2021-09-28 | Championx Usa Inc. | Fluorescent water treatment compounds and method of use |
US11254850B2 (en) | 2017-11-03 | 2022-02-22 | Baker Hughes Holdings Llc | Treatment methods using aqueous fluids containing oil-soluble treatment agents |
US11254861B2 (en) | 2017-07-13 | 2022-02-22 | Baker Hughes Holdings Llc | Delivery system for oil-soluble well treatment agents and methods of using the same |
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US10337317B2 (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2019-07-02 | Institutt For Energiteknikk | Wax tracers |
FR3036403B1 (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2017-05-12 | Ifp Energies Now | PROCESS FOR OPERATING A SUBTERRANEAN FORMATION BY INJECTING A FLUID COMPRISING AN ADDITIVE MARKED BY A LUMINESCENT SEMICONDUCTOR NANO CRYSTAL |
US10837260B2 (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-11-17 | Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc | Chemical deployment modular system and method of use |
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- 2014-05-16 US US14/908,440 patent/US20160168952A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-05-16 WO PCT/US2014/038389 patent/WO2015174996A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-05-16 BR BR112016022191A patent/BR112016022191B8/en active IP Right Grant
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WO2017214393A1 (en) * | 2016-06-10 | 2017-12-14 | Ecolab USA, Inc. | Paraffin suppressant compositions, and methods of making and using |
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US10954437B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2021-03-23 | Championx Usa Inc. | Compositions and methods for corrosion inhibitor monitoring |
US11130685B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2021-09-28 | Championx Usa Inc. | Fluorescent water treatment compounds and method of use |
US11697604B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2023-07-11 | Championx Usa Inc. | Fluorescent water treatment compounds and method of use |
US11697761B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2023-07-11 | Championx Usa Inc. | Compositions and methods for corrosion inhibitor monitoring |
US11254861B2 (en) | 2017-07-13 | 2022-02-22 | Baker Hughes Holdings Llc | Delivery system for oil-soluble well treatment agents and methods of using the same |
US11254850B2 (en) | 2017-11-03 | 2022-02-22 | Baker Hughes Holdings Llc | Treatment methods using aqueous fluids containing oil-soluble treatment agents |
US10914427B2 (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2021-02-09 | Oil and Gas Solutions, LLC | Automated pipeline chemical batch treatment |
US10961444B1 (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2021-03-30 | Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc | Method of using coated composites containing delayed release agent in a well treatment operation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR112016022191B1 (en) | 2022-02-08 |
EP3129444A1 (en) | 2017-02-15 |
BR112016022191A2 (en) | 2017-08-15 |
EP3129444B1 (en) | 2020-04-08 |
BR112016022191B8 (en) | 2023-02-07 |
EP3129444A4 (en) | 2017-11-08 |
US20160168952A1 (en) | 2016-06-16 |
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