WO2015154135A1 - A system, apparatus and method for controlling water flow - Google Patents

A system, apparatus and method for controlling water flow Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015154135A1
WO2015154135A1 PCT/AU2015/000214 AU2015000214W WO2015154135A1 WO 2015154135 A1 WO2015154135 A1 WO 2015154135A1 AU 2015000214 W AU2015000214 W AU 2015000214W WO 2015154135 A1 WO2015154135 A1 WO 2015154135A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flow
water
control system
time
electrical control
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2015/000214
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Anthony Gorden COX
Haluk ERSOY
Original Assignee
Cox Anthony Gorden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2014901329A external-priority patent/AU2014901329A0/en
Priority claimed from NZ631835A external-priority patent/NZ631835A/en
Application filed by Cox Anthony Gorden filed Critical Cox Anthony Gorden
Publication of WO2015154135A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015154135A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/2803—Home automation networks
    • H04L12/2823—Reporting information sensed by appliance or service execution status of appliance services in a home automation network
    • H04L12/2827—Reporting to a device within the home network; wherein the reception of the information reported automatically triggers the execution of a home appliance functionality
    • H04L12/2829—Reporting to a device within the home network; wherein the reception of the information reported automatically triggers the execution of a home appliance functionality involving user profiles according to which the execution of a home appliance functionality is automatically triggered
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
    • E03B7/00—Water main or service pipe systems
    • E03B7/07—Arrangement of devices, e.g. filters, flow controls, measuring devices, siphons, valves, in the pipe systems
    • E03B7/071—Arrangement of safety devices in domestic pipe systems, e.g. devices for automatic shut-off
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/15—Leakage reduction or detection in water storage or distribution

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to digital technology for water flow and in particular a system and a method for controlling water flow.
  • Water is an important element in our daily lives. In general, water is supplied from a variety of locations, including groundwater (aquifers), surface water (lakes and rivers), conservation and the sea through desalination. The water is then, in most cases, purified, this disinfected through chlorination and sometimes fluoridated. Treated water then either flows by gravity or is pumped to reservoirs, which can be elevated such as water towers or on the ground (for indicators related to the efficiency of drinking water distribution see non-revenue water). Typically in municipalities and the like, water is distributed through a well-connected system of underground water pipes that are branches out into respective locations for subsequent redistribution. On a residential premises, a water meter typically forms the critical gateway for subsequent water distribution.
  • the water meter is used as a device in measuring the amount of water that is supplied.
  • industrial grade water valves are generally installed that forms that essential gateway to the distribution of water.
  • Existing plumbing facilities are however, prone to ruptures and long term degradations causing leaks and in some instances, catastrophic water bursts. As a result, significant costs are incurred, not to mention physical damages to properties, water wasted and the general inconveniences caused to parties involved.
  • a control system for controlling water flow comprising:
  • a receiver configured for operational coupling to at least one or more flow sensor for receiving a measurement signal
  • a transmitter configured for operational coupling to a flow valve to control the flow valve
  • c. a processor for processing information according to stored instructions
  • digital storage media configured for storing instructions
  • the digital instructions are configured for directing the processor for i. receiving measurement signals from the sensor;
  • the digital instructions are configured for directing the processor for:
  • the digital instructions are configured for directing the processor for:
  • the digital instructions are configured for directing the processor for:
  • the digital instructions are configured for directing the processor for
  • a method for controlling water flow comprising the steps of:
  • the method comprises the steps of:
  • the method comprises the steps of:
  • the step of determining the threshold values for one or more selected from a particular time of day and a range of time in a day comprises the steps of:
  • the method comprises the steps of:
  • a system for controlling water flow comprising
  • the system provides users with either automatic or manual mechanisms in shutting down water in the event of catastrophic burst water mains. Consequently, the system is able to save water, private properties and infrastructures.
  • the system offers users the capability to monitor water leakages, both minute and major, at respective premises.
  • the senor is configured to transmit a measurement signal indicative of the one or more selected from water flow rate and water pressure.
  • the system further comprises an electrical control system, wherein the electrical control system is operably coupled to the flow sensor and the flow valve.
  • the electrical control system comprises an receiver operably coupled to the flow sensor for receiving the measurement signal, a user interface configured for receiving user information and display information in accordance with the measured water flow, and a transmitter operably coupled to the flow valve to control the flow valve in accordance with the one or more selected from water flow rate and water pressure and the user information received from the user interface.
  • the electrical control system comprises digital storage media configured for storing software instructions.
  • the electrical control system comprises stored software instructions.
  • the softer instructions are configured for directing the controller to carry out control steps.
  • the softer instructions are configured for receiving an input from the user interface indicating a threshold for the measured water flow.
  • the electrical control system is adapted to automatically close the flow valve if measured water flow is greater or equal to the user information received via the user interface.
  • the electrical control system further comprises an indicator to display a water flow state in accordance with the measured water flow.
  • the electrical control system further comprises a display to display information in accordance with the one or more selected from the measured water flow and the measured water pressure.
  • the electrical control system further comprises a memory device configured for storing historical information in accordance with the measured water flow and/or water pressure.
  • the electrical control system comprises an indicator to display information associated with daily water usage.
  • the electrical control system further comprises an audio output.
  • the electrical control system further comprises an audio input.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for controlling the flow valve in accordance with user information via the user interface.
  • the electrical control system is further adapted to close or at least restrict the flow valve in accordance with user information.
  • the electrical control system is further adapted to open the flow valve in accordance with user information.
  • the flow sensor comprises a flow control valve.
  • the flow valve comprises an electromechanically operated valve.
  • the electromechanically operated valve comprises a solenoid valve.
  • the system further comprises a water supply connection.
  • the flow sensor and the flow valve form an integral unit.
  • the electrical control system is further adapted to detect water leakage based on the measured water flow and one or more selected from a threshold and the measured water pressure.
  • the measured water flow comprises flow rate.
  • the measured water flow comprises cumulative flow.
  • the threshold comprises user information.
  • the threshold comprises a time averaged historical flows. [46] In one embodiment, the threshold comprises a predetermined multiple of time averaged historical water flows.
  • the threshold comprises a time averaged maximum of historical flows.
  • the electrical control system is adapted to learn patterns from stored historical information to determine the threshold.
  • the electrical control system is adapted to determine the threshold based on user travel information.
  • the electrical control system is adapted to determine the threshold based on time information.
  • the electrical control system is adapted to calculate potential water savings from historical measured water flow and/or water pressure.
  • the electrical control system is adapted to provide water saving recommendation.
  • the electrical control system is adapted to detect information on a condition of the flow valve.
  • the electrical control system is adapted to provide information on a condition of the flow valve.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for displaying daily water consumption averages.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for providing a visual display of current water flow and/or water pressure.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for generating an audible signal indicative of current water flow and/or water pressure.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for storing water flow measurements and/or water pressure measurements, together with the times during the day that the water flow measurements and/or water pressure measurements were recorded.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for receiving inputs indicative of maximum limits of water flows and/or water pressure is for particular times of day. [60] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for comparing water flows to threshold limits set for particular times of day.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that the compared water flows and/or water pressures exceed threshold limits set for particular times of day.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for receiving time period limits setting time limits at which water flow rates and/or water pressures can be continuously measured at.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for comparing the time periods for which continuous water flow rates measured to the received time period limits.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for closing the flow valve in the event that water flows continuously at predetermined flow rates for a time period longer than the received time period limits.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that water flows continuously at predetermined flow rates for a time period longer than the received time period limits.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for closing the flow valve in the event that water flows and/or water pressures exceed predetermined threshold limits.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that water flows and/or water pressures exceed predetermined threshold limits.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for determining the rate of change of water pressure.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for closing the flow valve in the event that the rate of change of water pressure exceeds predetermined threshold limits.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that the rate of change of water pressure exceeds predetermined threshold limits.
  • the electrical control system is composed of low voltage electrical control components.
  • the electrical control system is configured for receiving an override input via the user interface, to thereby allow manual control of one or more flow valves.
  • the electrical control system is configured for being remotely controlled via a mobile electronic device.
  • the electrical control system is configured for controlling a plurality of flow valves simultaneously.
  • the electrical control system is configured for providing a schematic display of a residences piping systems and flow valves, together with an indication of one or more selected from flow rates and water pressure, via the display.
  • the electrical control system is configured for receiving as safety shutdown signal to stop all water flow through the flow valves it controls.
  • the invention may be said to consist in a system for controlling water flow, the system comprising:
  • an electrical control system wherein the electrical control system is configured for being operably coupled to:
  • At least one or more sensor configured for measuring one or more selected from water flow rate and water pressure and transmitting measurement signals to the electrical control system
  • At least one flow valve operably coupled to the flow sensor, wherein in use, the flow valve is adapted to control the water flow through the flow valve in accordance with the flow rates and/or water pressure measured by the sensor;
  • control system is configured for storing received measurement signals as historical data
  • control system is configured for
  • the invention may be said to consist in a method of controlling water flow comprising the steps of
  • the invention may be said to consist in a control system for controlling water flow, the system comprising:
  • an electrical control system wherein the electrical control system is configured for being operably coupled to:
  • At least one or more sensor configured for measuring one or more selected from water flow rate and water pressure and transmitting measurement signals to the electrical control system
  • at least one flow valve operably coupled to the flow sensor, wherein in use, the flow valve is adapted to control the water flow through the flow valve in accordance with the flow rates and/or water pressure measured by the sensor
  • control system is configured for:
  • control system is configured for storing received measurement signals as historical data.
  • control system is configured for determining threshold values from stored historical data. In one embodiment, the control system is configured for comparing received measurement signals with threshold value is determined from stored historical data.
  • the invention may be said to consist in a control system for controlling water flow, the system comprising:
  • a receiver configured for operational coupling to at least one or more flow sensor for receiving a measurement signal
  • a transmitter configured for operational coupling to a flow valve to control the flow valve
  • c. a processor for processing information according to stored instructions
  • digital storage media configured for storing instructions for directing the processor for
  • control system comprises a user interface configured for receiving user input information.
  • control system comprises a user interface configured for displaying information.
  • the invention may be said to consist in a control system for controlling water flow, the system comprising:
  • a receiver configured for operational coupling to at least one or more flow sensor for receiving a measurement signal
  • a transmitter configured for operational coupling to a flow valve to control the flow valve
  • c. a processor for processing information according to stored instructions
  • digital storage media configured for storing instructions
  • the digital instructions are configured for directing the processor for i. receiving measurement signals from the sensor; ii. determining one or more selected from the time of day or time range in a day in which the measurement signals were received;
  • the instructions are configured for directing the processor for a. storing received measurement signals as historical data.
  • the predetermined threshold values are determined from stored historical data received from the sensors.
  • the invention may be said to consist in a method for controlling water flow, the method comprising the steps of:
  • the method comprises the steps of providing a control system as described.
  • the invention may be said to consist in a method of controlling water flow comprising the steps of
  • controlling the water flow by controlling a flow valve, operably coupled to the flow sensor, in accordance with the measured water flow from the flow sensor.
  • the flow sensor and the flow valve are operably coupled to an electrical control system, and the electrical control system is adapted for controlling the water flow in accordance with the measured water flow and/or water pressure measured by the flow sensor.
  • the electrical control system comprises digital storage media with software instructions configured for directing the electrical control system to control the water flow in accordance with the measured water flow and/or water pressure measured by the flow sensor.
  • the method further comprises the steps of
  • the method further comprises the step of:
  • a. displaying information in accordance with the measured water flow via a user interface.
  • the method comprises the step of automatically closing the flow valve if measured water flow is greater or equal to the user information received via the user interface.
  • the electrical control system further comprises a display to display a water flow state in accordance with the measured water flow, and the method further comprises the step of
  • the electrical control system further comprises a memory device to store historical information in accordance with the measured water flow, and the method further comprises the step of
  • the electrical control system comprises an indicator to display information associated with daily water usage, and the method further comprises the step of
  • the electrical control system further comprises an audio output
  • the method further comprises the step of
  • the electrical control system further comprises an audio input
  • the method further comprises the step of
  • the method comprises the step of controlling the flow valve in accordance with user information received via the user interface.
  • the method comprises the step of closing the flow valve in accordance with received user information.
  • the method comprises the step of opening the flow valve in accordance with received user information.
  • the flow sensor comprises a flow control valve.
  • the flow valve comprises an electromechanically operated valve.
  • the electromechanically operated valve comprises a solenoid valve.
  • the flow sensor and the flow valve forms an integral unit.
  • the integral unit comprise a water supply connection.
  • the method comprises the step of determining a threshold.
  • the method comprises the step of detecting water leakage based on the measured water flow and a threshold.
  • the measured water flow comprises flow rate.
  • the measured water flow comprises cumulative flow.
  • the method comprises the step of determining the threshold from received user information.
  • the method comprises the step of determining the threshold from time averaged historical flows.
  • the method comprises the step of determining the threshold from time averaged maximum of historical flows.
  • the method comprises the step of determining the threshold from patterns detected in stored historical information on water flows and/or water pressures.
  • the method comprises the step of detecting patterns from stored historical information to determine the threshold.
  • the method comprises the step of determining the threshold based on user travel information.
  • the method comprises the step of displaying daily water consumption averages.
  • the method comprises the step of providing a visual display of current water flow and/or water pressure.
  • the method comprises the step of generating an audible signal indicative of current water flow and/or water pressure.
  • the method comprises the step of storing water flow measurements and/or water pressure measurements, together with the times during the day that the water flow measurements and/or water pressure measurements were recorded.
  • the method comprises the step of receiving inputs indicative of maximum limits of water flows and/or water pressure is for particular times of day.
  • the method comprises the step of comparing water flows to threshold limits set for particular times of day.
  • the method comprises the step of actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that the compared water flows and/or water pressures exceed threshold limits set for particular times of day.
  • the method comprises the step of receiving time period limits setting time limits at which water flow rates and/or water pressures can be continuously measured at.
  • the method comprises the step of comparing the time periods for which continuous water flow rates measured to the received time period limits.
  • the method comprises the step of closing the flow valve in the event that water flows continuously at predetermined flow rates for a time period longer than the received time period limits.
  • the method comprises the step of actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that water flows continuously at predetermined flow rates for a time period longer than the received time period limits.
  • the method comprises the step of closing the flow valve in the event that water flows and/or water pressures exceed predetermined threshold limits.
  • the method comprises the step of actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that water flows and/or water pressures exceed predetermined threshold limits.
  • the method comprises the step of determining the rate of change of water pressure.
  • the method comprises the step of closing the flow valve in the event that the rate of change of water pressure exceeds predetermined threshold limits.
  • the method comprises the step of actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that the rate of change of water pressure exceeds predetermined threshold limits.
  • the method comprises the step of receiving an override input via the user interface, to thereby allow manual control of one or more flow valves.
  • the method comprises the step of remotely controlling the electrical control system via a mobile electronic device.
  • the method comprises the step of controlling a plurality of flow valves simultaneously.
  • the method comprises the step of providing a schematic display of a residence's piping systems and flow valves, together with an indication of one or more selected from flow rates and water pressure, via the display.
  • the method comprises the step of receiving as safety shutdown signal to stop all water flow through the flow valves it controls.
  • the invention may be said to consist in a system for controlling water flow, the system comprising:
  • an electrical control system configured for being operably coupled to: i. at least one or more sensor configured for measuring one or more selected from water flow rate and water pressure and transmitting a measurement signals to the electrical control system; and
  • At least one or more flow valve operably coupled to the flow sensor, wherein in use, the flow valve is adapted to control the water flow through the flow valve in accordance with the flow rates and/or water pressure measured by the sensor.
  • system further comprises said at least one or more sensor and said at least one or more flow valve.
  • the senor is configured to transmit a measurement signal indicative of the one or more selected from water flow rate, cumulative water volume, water pressure and rate of change of water pressure.
  • the electrical control system comprises:
  • a receiver operably coupled to the flow sensor for receiving the measurement signal
  • a user interface configured for receiving user information and display information in accordance with the measured water flow
  • a transmitter operably coupled to the flow valve to control the flow valve in accordance with the one or more selected from water flow rate and water pressure and the user information received from the user interface.
  • control system includes a clock and/or date generation device, and is configured to receive a signal from the date generation device indicative of the current date and/or time.
  • the electrical control system comprises digital storage media configured for storing software instructions.
  • the electrical control system comprises stored software instructions.
  • the electrical control system is configured for being guided by the software instructions to carry out control steps.
  • control system is configured for obtaining a threshold value.
  • control system is configured for comparing the threshold value to one or more selected from a measurement signal and value determined from a measurement signal.
  • the control system is configured for receiving a threshold value for one or more selected from
  • control system is configured for storing measurement signals as historical data.
  • control system is configured for receiving the threshold value as an input.
  • the electrical control system further comprises a memory device configured for storing historical data.
  • control system is configured for analysing the historical data to determine the threshold value.
  • the electrical control system is configured to analyse the historical data to determine one or more selected from:
  • the threshold value is determined for a predetermined or input range of time.
  • control system is configured for comparing the received threshold value to the measurement signal from the sensor, or a manipulation thereof.
  • a system as claimed in claim 20), wherein the manipulation of the measurement signal is an integration of the measurement signal over time, or an averaging of the measurement signal over time.
  • the manipulation of the measurement signal is an integration of the measurement signal over current time, or an averaging of the measurement signal over current time.
  • the software instructions are configured for controlling at least one or more flow valve is in accordance with the comparison.
  • the electrical control system comprises a visual display device for displaying information about the system.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for controlling the flow valve in accordance with input information received from the user interface.
  • the flow sensor and the flow valve form an integral unit.
  • the electrical control system is further adapted to detect water leakage based on the measured water flow and one or more selected from the threshold value and the measurement signal.
  • the measurement signal comprises a flow rate.
  • the measured water flow comprises cumulative water flow volume.
  • the threshold value comprises a predetermined multiple of time averaged stored flow information.
  • the threshold value comprises a time averaged maximum of stored flow information.
  • the electrical control system is adapted to learn patterns from stored historical data to determine the threshold value.
  • the electrical control system is adapted to determine the threshold value based on user travel information. [174] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted to determine the threshold value based on time information.
  • the electrical control system is adapted to calculate potential water savings from the historical data.
  • the electrical control system is adapted to provide water saving recommendation.
  • the electrical control system is adapted to detect information on a condition of the flow valve.
  • the electrical control system is adapted to present information on a condition of the flow valve.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for receiving threshold value inputs indicative of maximum limits of water flows and/or water pressures for set time ranges.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for comparing water flows to threshold values for the time ranges.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal based on the result of the comparison of the threshold value and the measurement signal in the event that the compared water flows and/or water pressures exceed threshold limits set for particular time ranges.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for receiving a threshold value setting maximum time limits for the continuous flow of water.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for comparing the time periods over which water flows continuously to the threshold value.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for receiving and/or determining the rate of change of water pressure, and comparing the rate of change of water pressure to a threshold value.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for closing the flow valve in the event that the rate of change of water pressure exceeds the threshold value.
  • the electrical control system is configured for receiving an override input via the user interface, to thereby allow manual control of one or more flow valves.
  • the electrical control system is configured for being remotely controlled via a mobile electronic device via a wireless network.
  • the electrical control system is configured for controlling a plurality of flow valves simultaneously.
  • the electrical control system is configured for providing a schematic display of a piping system and flow valves, together with an indication of one or more selected from flow rates and water pressure, via the display.
  • the electrical control system is configured for receiving as safety shutdown signal to stop all water flow through the flow valves it controls.
  • the invention may be said to consist in a system for controlling water flow, the system comprising:
  • an electrical control system wherein the electrical control system is configured for being operably coupled to:
  • At least one or more sensor configured for measuring one or more selected from water flow rate and water pressure
  • At least one or more flow valve operably coupled to the flow sensor, wherein in use, the flow valve is adapted to control the water flow through the flow valve in accordance with the flow rates and/or water pressure measured by the sensor;
  • control system comprising
  • a receiver operably coupled to the flow sensor for receiving a measurement signal
  • a user interface configured for receiving user information and display information in accordance with the measured water flow
  • a transmitter operably coupled to the flow valve to control the flow valve
  • control system being configured to be guided by software instructions to carry out the steps of
  • control system is configured for controlling the flow valve in accordance with the comparison.
  • control system is configured for actuating one or more selected from an audible signal and a visual signal in accordance with the comparison.
  • control system comprises a user input device.
  • the threshold value is received as a user input into the control system.
  • control system is configured to store received measurement signals as historical data.
  • control system is configured to determine the threshold value from the stored historical data.
  • control system is configured to determine the threshold value from a statistical analysis of the stored historical data.
  • the invention may be said to consist in a method ot controlling water flow comprising the steps of
  • the method comprises the step of providing a control system is described.
  • the method comprises the step of determining the threshold value.
  • the method further comprises the step of storing the measurement signals as historical data.
  • the method further comprises the step of receiving the threshold value from a user interface.
  • the method further comprises the step of determining the threshold value from the input user information [205] In one embodiment, the method further comprises the step of determining the threshold value from the historical data.
  • the method further comprises the step of displaying information in accordance with the comparison on a display device.
  • the method comprises the step of automatically closing the flow valve based on the result of the comparison between the measurement signal and the threshold value.
  • the method further comprises the step of actuating one or more selected from an audible signal and a visual signal based on the result of the comparison.
  • the electrical control system further comprises an audio input
  • the method further comprises the step of receiving an audio signal and adapting it to an electrical signal.
  • the method comprises the step of controlling the at least one or more flow valves in accordance with user information received via the user interface.
  • the method comprises the step of determining the threshold value from the historical data by analysis of one or more selected from:
  • the method comprises the step of detecting water leakage based on the comparison.
  • the method comprises the step of detecting patterns from stored historical data to determine the threshold.
  • the method comprises the step of determining the threshold from patterns detected in the stored historical data.
  • the method comprises the step of determining the threshold based on user travel information.
  • the method comprises the step of displaying daily water consumption averages on a display device.
  • the method comprises the step of presenting a visual display of current water flow and/or water pressure.
  • the method comprises the step of storing one or more selected from water flow rates, cumulative water volumes and water pressure measurements, together with the times during the day that the water flow measurements and/or water pressure measurements were received.
  • the method comprises the step of determining and/or receiving threshold values indicative of maximum limits of water flows and/or water pressures for particular times ranges in a day.
  • the method comprises the step of comparing one or more selected from water flow rates, cumulative water volumes and water pressure measurements, to threshold limits for particular time ranges in a day.
  • the method comprises the step of receiving and/or determining threshold values as time period limits setting time limits for continuous flow rates and/or continuous water pressures at a sensor.
  • the method comprises the step of comparing the time periods for which continuous water flow rates measurement signals are received, to the received time period limits.
  • the method comprises the step of closing the flow valve in the event that water flows continuously at predetermined flow rates for a time period longer than the received time period limits.
  • the method comprises the step of actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that water flows continuously at predetermined flow rates for a time period longer than the received time period limits.
  • the method comprises the step of determining the rate of change of water pressure from the measurement signal.
  • the method comprises the step of comparing the determined rate of change of water pressure to a threshold value.
  • the method comprises the step of closing the flow valve in the event that the rate of change of water pressure meets or exceeds the threshold value.
  • the method comprises the step of actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that the rate of change of water pressure exceeds the threshold value.
  • the method comprises the step of receiving an override input via the user interface, to thereby allow manual control of one or more flow valves.
  • the method comprises the step of receiving remote control signals for the control of the electrical control system from a mobile electronic device.
  • the method comprises the step of independently controlling a plurality of flow valves simultaneously.
  • the method comprises the step of presenting a schematic display of a property's piping systems and flow valves, together with an indication of one or more selected from flow rates and water pressure, at the display device.
  • the method comprises the step of receiving a safety shutdown signal to stop all water flow through the flow valves it controls.
  • the method comprises the step of receiving a time signal from a time signal generating device, and using the time signal in the determination of the threshold value.
  • the invention may be said to consist in a flow control arrangement for monitoring and controlling the flow of fluid in the pipe, the flow control arrangement comprising
  • At least one sensor the sense of being configured for sensing at least one or more selected from
  • At least one flow control valves configured for at least partially restricting the flow of fluid through an aperture
  • c. a housing for housing the sensor and the flow control valve.
  • the flow control arrangement further comprises a transmitter for transmitting measurement signals from the sensor to a control system.
  • the flow control arrangement further comprises a receiver for receiving control signals from a control system to thereby control operation of the flow control valve.
  • the housing is configured for housing the sensor and flow control valve in a sealed fashion.
  • one or more selected from the receiver and the transmitter is operable wirelessly.
  • the housing comprises seating formations for seating the sensor and the flow control valve.
  • the flow control arrangement comprises a control system as described.
  • FIG. 1 shows a residential premises on which the various embodiments described herein may be implemented in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a system diagram in accordance with various embodiments described herein of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 shows the main panel of the control system user interface in accordance with an embodiment described herein of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 shows the statistics panel of the control system user interface in accordance with an embodiment described herein of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 shows the settings panel of the control system user interface in accordance with an embodiment described herein of the present invention
  • Fig. 6 shows a computing device on which the various embodiments described herein may be implemented in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 7 shows a top perspective view of a flow control unit
  • FIG. 8 shows a cutaway top perspective view of a flow control unit
  • FIG. 9 shows a flow chart of a first method of controlling fluid flow
  • Fig. 10 shows a flow chart of a second method of controlling fluid flow
  • Fig. 1 shows an example context 100 on which the various embodiments described herein may be used for controlling water flow.
  • the environmental context 100 comprises a premises 125 with which water is supplied and conveyed through underground piping 105.
  • the water from the main underground piping 105 is distributed to a premises 125 via a water meter device 1 10.
  • the water meter 1 10 may comprise a manually adjustable valve or tap 1 15 that control the amount of water flow entering the premises from the main underground piping 105 to the underground piping 120 feeding the premises 125.
  • Water pipes 105, 120 are pipes or tubes, commonly made of polyvinyl chloride, ductile iron, steel, cast iron, polypropylene, polyethylene, copper, or (formerly) lead, that carry pressurized and treated fresh water to premises 125 typically as part of a municipal water system as well as inside the premises 125.
  • water meters 110 are installed in most developed countries that are used to measure the volume of water used or supplied through a water supply system. While most of the water meters 1 10 measure water flow in cubic metres or litres in the, in the USA and some other countries, water meters 1 10 are calibrated in cubic feet or gallons on either mechanical or electronic register. Some electronic registers can additionally display the rate of flow in addition to total usage.
  • a manual stop tap 1 15 that is implemented as a valve in controlling the flow of water entering the premises.
  • the stop tap 1 15 is usually recommended when undertaking temporary maintenance or in an emergency situation, where misuse is likely to cause malfunction leading to potential water loss and damage.
  • valve actuation can, however, present logistic problems when valves are too large to be practically opened or closed by hand, or are in remote, inaccessible locations, or have to operate during periods when plants or installations are unmanned.
  • an integrated flow control unit 5000 is provided.
  • the integrated flow control unit 5000 for monitoring and controlling flow of fluid, such as water in a pipe.
  • the flow control unit 5000 comprises a flow sensor 5100 and a control valve 5200.
  • the flow control unit 5000 is provided with one of each of a flow sensor 5100 and a control valve 5200, although more than one of each may be provided.
  • the sensor 5100 is configured for sensing at least one or more selected from the fluid flow rate in a pipe, cumulative fluid flow volume through a pipe and/or fluid pressure.
  • the flow control valve 5200 is configured to move between an open and closed position, to thereby restrict flow of water through a pipe.
  • the flow control unit 5000 further includes pipe connection formations 5300 by which the flow control unit can be attached to an outlet of one pipe (not shown) and an inlet of another pipe (not shown).
  • the flow control valve 5200 and flow sensor 5100 are housed within a housing 5400.
  • the housing is preferably configured to preferably create a sealed environment around the flow sensor 5100 and control valve 5200. However, in alternative embodiments, the housing does not provide a sealed environment.
  • the flow sensor 5100 includes a sensor portion and a transmitter portion for transmitting signals indicative of water pressure in the pipe, flow rate through the pipe, or cumulative volume that has flowed through the pipe over a particular time period.
  • the flow control valve 5200 similarly includes a receiver portion for receiving signals from the control system, and a valve portion that is immovable between an open position in which fluid is allowed to flow through the valve and a closed position in which flow is restricted from flowing through the valve 5200.
  • the flow sensor 5100 and the flow control valve 5200 will be physically wired in communication with the control system via apertures 51 10 and 5210 in the housing 5400, although this need not be the case
  • the receiver and/or the transmitter is operable wirelessly. This would be advantageous in that sealing of the housing would be more easily accomplished.
  • the housing 5400 comprises seating formations 5410 for snugly seating the flow valve 5200 and the sensor 5100.
  • the housing also surrounds the flow control valve 5200 and sensor 5100.
  • a sealing gland (not shown) will seal between the housing 5400 and the ends of the pipes extending into apertures 5420 in the housing 5400.
  • the sealing gland could seal between the pipe connection formations 5300 and the housing 5400.
  • FIG. 2 shows the system diagram where various embodiments described herein can be implemented.
  • Water flow here is shown as dark lines 210 that are distributed by underground piping 105 that flows through the water meter 215.
  • the region marked out by dashed lines 205 denotes inside the premises 125.
  • the various embodiments are also applicable when the water meter 215 is inside the premises 125.
  • the integrated unit including housing at least partially surrounding a flow sensor and flow valve 220 that is adapted for connection to the water piping 120.
  • the integrated unit of flow sensor and flow valve 220 collectively acquire flow information and the related, and transmit the information as low voltage electrical signals through appropriate cabling 240 to an electrical control system 225 installed inside the premises 205.
  • the integrated unit is watertight or sealed .
  • the integrated unit includes a wireless transmitter and receiver unit with which it can communicate with the control system.
  • the integrated unit is connected or connectable to the control system by means of wiring via apertures and
  • the electrical control system 225 receives the electrical signals via a receiver (not shown), either in the form of a wired or wireless network card, or via cables extending through a steel cable gland in the housing.
  • the integrated unit of flow sensor and flow valve 220 comprises of a suitable connector to the water supply outlet.
  • the connector can be any form such that no water leakage is possible.
  • the electrical control system 225 is presented to the user via a user interface 230 and is connected to a storage device 235.
  • the electrical control system 225 transmits appropriate electrical signals using a transmitter (not shown), preferably in the form of a wired or wireless network card, to the electromechanically operated flow valve in the flow sensor flow valve unit 220, to control the extent of flow valve opening so as to control the water flow through a system of internal piping for water distribution 245 inside the premises 205.
  • a transmitter not shown
  • the electrical control system is similarly connected to a plurality of similar integrated units of flow sensor and flow valve 220 located strategically on water supply pipes 105 around the premises.
  • the flow sensor and flow valve unit 220 is a flow control valve with solenoid control installed in ground as a protective box formed out electrically insulating material.
  • the flow control valve with solenoid control is a hydraulically operated diaphragm actuator control valve that maintains a preset maximum flow, regardless of fluctuating in mind or varying system pressure.
  • the solenoid control operates at the nominal voltage of 12V DC at 0.3 - 0.5 A. The valve opens a shuts of in response to an electrical signal.
  • the flow control valve with solenoid control 220 has the features of line pressure driven (independent operation), hydraulic flow sensor (upstream installation), no moving parts, no electronic components, no need for flows straightening solenoid controlled shutdown and low power consumption.
  • valve system is able to respond to wide ranges of pressure and voltages that offers an uncompromising reliability in that it is obstacle free, full bore and is situated in a stainless steel raised seat therefore cavitation damage resistant. Additional features include a solenoid control check feature, pressure reducing electric override and the level and flow control valves. Even though these valves come in the following sizes, 1/2BSP up to 100 mm BSP, it is expected that similar valves will also be available for pipes with sizes outside the prescribed range.
  • the electrical control system 225 includes a clock and/or date generation device (not shown), that either receives the current time and date from an external source, or keeps t rack of the current time and date after being set initially.
  • the electrical control system 225 is configured to receive a signal from the date generation device indicative of the current date and/or time, and can utilise the received date or time in its determination of statistical information, or in any determination that requires a date or time input, as will be disclosed below.
  • the flow sensor and flow valve unit 220 can comprise other forms of flow sensors that drive a rotary potentiometer or ones that measures the transfer of heat caused by the moving water such as micro sensors.
  • Other sensing related approaches may also be applicable such as velocimeters, Doppler-based flow measurement methods, Hall effect sensors on flapper valve and even laser based interferometry.
  • the solenoid valve is an electrically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic valve. In the case of a two port valve, the flow is switched on or off. In the case of three port valve, the outflow is switched between two outlet ports.
  • pivoted- armature actuators and rocker actuators may also used.
  • the flow sensor can be adapted to detect the velocity of flow past the sensor, or to determine total volumes that have passed the sensor for a given pipe size.
  • pressure sensors may be provided in addition to, or in place of the flow sensor.
  • motorized ball valves in particular where working with low flow pressure, can be used where an electric motor is used for the opening or closing mechanism.
  • This type of valve functions in exactly the same fashion as a manual variety with the exception of being actuated by an electric motor.
  • This type of valve can be remotely opened or closed by an operator or by inputs from an automated system.
  • the independent components can be installed separately along the water flow path post water meter 215 with the flow valve preceding the flow sensor.
  • the advantage of such a modular independent arrangement may be flexibility and convenience for future parts maintenance, diagnosis and replacement at the cost of increased electrical cabling and prior installation.
  • the electrical control system 225 can be either a standard feedforward or feedback controller.
  • the controller can monitor the real-time flow rate, the total flow and control the quantitative flow based on user pre-sets received from the user interface 230.
  • the controller 225 connected to the flow sensor flow valve unit 220 via appropriate electrical cabling, in turn sends relevant electrical signals to the flow valve in the flow sensor flow valve unit 220 to adjust the water flow automatically.
  • the controller 225 can include a processor that follows and is guided by stored digital instructions to control the flow valves 220.
  • the controller can also include digital storage media 235, such as a hard drive, flash memory, or the like; which is configured for storing instructions for guiding the controller, preferably in the form of software.
  • the instructions could be stored offsite and guide the controller remotely, for example if the controller is connected to a cloud-based control network.
  • the controller 225 would transmit electrical signal to the flow valve to halt water flow automatically.
  • the controller 225 operates at a voltage specific to the geographic location and receives electrical power through appropriate electrical cabling from the premises 205 with necessary battery as a backup power supply.
  • the control system is connected to a memory device or a storage device 235 that stores and maintains a record of historical measured water flows or pressure data obtained from the flow sensor. This is stored as historical data, as illustrated in figure 9.
  • the storage media 235 can be optical media such as CD-ROM disks, magnetic media such as floppy disks and tape cassettes or flash media such as USB memory sticks.
  • the media 235 is the same media that the digital instructions are stored on, however this need not necessarily be the case, and two or more separate storage media can be provided.
  • the controller 225 is configured to analyse the historical data to determine one or more selected from peak water flow rates; water flow rates; peak low water pressures; rates of change of water pressure; periods of continuous water flow; average periods of continuous water flow; maximum periods of continuous water flow; peak continuous cumulative volumes; average continuous cumulative volumes; peak high water pressures; water pressures.
  • Any of this data can also be averaged over predetermined time ranges, or time ranges that have been input by a user.
  • a threshold value is received directly from a user input, or can be a predetermined or preset value that accords with industry best standards.
  • this threshold value is then compared to measurements signals that are received from the sensors, or compared to measurements signals that have been manipulated.
  • Manipulation of measurements signals can be for the purpose of integration or averaging over time, for example, the integration of a flow rate (in litres per second) over time to determine volume (in litres), or the storage of current or very recent flow rates over current time periods to determine current average flow rate for a particular time period.
  • the current electrical control system 225 is designed under software platforms such as Mathworks SimulinkTM and LabVIEWTM and implemented in standard embedded systems or computing device operated with microprocessors, microcontrollers, or digital signal processors.
  • the software on the electrical control system 225 used for carrying out operations for aspects of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C++ or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages.
  • the electrical control system 225 would additionally receive information pertaining to the instantaneous flow rate and adjust the control signals to the flow valve in the flow sensor flow valve unit 220 accordingly.
  • Water flow into a premises 205 is controlled and measured by a flow sensor flow valve unit 220 via an electrical control system 225 that can be operated by the user through the user interface 230.
  • the user interface 300 in Fig. 3 shows information pertaining to the incoming water flow to the premises 205, such as current flow rate 305 or daily total flow 310 at either instantaneous or time averaged intervals, or water pressure at one or more sensors.
  • the time average intervals may span from hourly, daily to monthly and yearly 320 depending on default or input user's preferences.
  • a schematic diagram of the premises will be displayed, together with sensors and flow valves, as well as a summary of information being received from the sensors, and control signals being sent to the flow valves.
  • a particular user may choose to display only the daily water usage 310 without displaying the real-time flow rate 305, or may display both.
  • a user may only be interested in monitoring the real-time total flow as opposed to the flow rate metric 305.
  • the display of information is in general configurable in accordance with user's setting.
  • An additional indicator 325 is present that illuminates, blinks, or generates an audible alert signal when the system of automatic monitoring has been manually overridden or bypassed, typically encountered when one needs an expected large volume of water such as filling a swimming pool and the like.
  • the user may be required to temporarily shut down the monitoring system via a password protected push button 330.
  • the password protected mechanism ensures that only parties with relevant authorities may be able to disrupt the automatic water flow safe guard.
  • the user interface 300 offers users with the discretion of manually closing the valve in cases of emergency also with a password protected push button 335.
  • the user interface 300 is fitted with suitable speakers/sirens 340 controlled via the user interface 230 that is activated in circumstances of prolonged system shutdown/override indicating possible large water flow and in unexpected circumstances.
  • the user interface 300 can also be programmed to receive voice instructions of commands for greater accessibility.
  • the user is able to retrieve water usage information stored in the storage device 235 by the electrical control system 225 via the user interface 230.
  • various statistical information can be displayed on the user interface 230.
  • the user is able to select the dates from a calendar 405 in which the data was acquired that is used as part of the statistical analysis shown in 400.
  • the main tab 450 the statistical information displayed.
  • Examples of the statistical information displayed on the main tab 450 include average monthly water usage 410 for particular months of the year, average yearly water usage 415, peak water usage 420, major leakages detected 425 and number of system shutdowns encountered 445.
  • the type, format of the statistical information to be displayed on the main tab 450 can be configured by the user under the settings menu.
  • the water statistic tool of the user interface 400 contains a graph of the trend 430 of the statistical information. Even though a line graph is shown in 430, other type of graphs may also be used depending on the user preference and the information available. Examples of graphs include pie charts, bar graphs, area graphs and histograms. In this particular line graph 430, the x-axis represents time in units of months while the y-axis represents the monthly water usage. Usages from other years as an example can be overlayed on top for visual comparisons. In other tabs, statistical information regarding to the flow sensor operating performance 435 in a manner similar to condition monitoring and water saving goals and behaviours 440 can also be displayed on the user interface 400.
  • Detecting water leakages during water usage monitoring by the electrical control system 225 in conjunction with measured water flow by the flow sensor and flow valve unit 220 can be configured by the user via the user interface 500.
  • the process of detecting water leakages is effectively based on comparing the measured water flow and a threshold value 540 that is obtained by one of four strategies that users can define. The strategies are classified into four groups: default, manual, learn and holiday.
  • the water flow refers to either the real-time/averaged flow rate 520, or the cumulative/total flow 545 as defined by the user.
  • the user is able to adjust the type of threshold to consider, such as peak or average value 525, or a multiple/proportion of averaged flow rates. Furthermore, this value can be taken to consider the effect of time by averaging monthly peaks or quarterly peak of previously measured water flow.
  • the threshold value may take the form of the maximum of water usage over the span of last quarter as a further example.
  • the advantage of using a time based option is to account for differences in water consumption throughout the seasons in the year. Under the default option, the electrical control system would also adapt the threshold value to particular time ranges throughout the day as the premises would generally require only limited incoming water flow at night time as opposed to day time.
  • threshold water flow above which the electrical control system would automatically stop the incoming water for by closing the valve in the flow valve flow sensor unit 220.
  • threshold limits can be set for various time or date ranges. Alternately, threshold limits can be set for rates of change of pressure measured by a sensor.
  • the electrical control system is able to learn the water usage pattern based on previous user settings and as well as the measured water flow stored in the storage device in order to determine the present threshold value.
  • Various artificial intelligence learning engines that are either heuristic or statistically based can be employed by the electrical control system. Examples of these include the artificial neural network, Bayesian learning and genetic algorithms for optimisation.
  • the electrical control system can also take into consideration the possibility of user travel or holidays that would leave the premises unoccupied for an extensive period of time. Under such a scenario, the user is able to select an option holiday 515 in which the electrical control system would adjust the threshold value based on user travel dates.
  • threshold values from historical data can also include the determination of threshold values, for example as averages or medians or any other suitable statistical, for particular date ranges as well as time ranges. For example, the system could be able to determine that water usage should decrease during periods normally associated with holidays.
  • stored historical information or input data can be used to determine time ranges as well as date ranges.
  • the electrical control system is adapted for receiving inputs or determining from historical data, indications of what threshold limits of water flows and/or water pressure should be for particular times ranges. For example, as illustrated in figure 10, the control system can determine that the flow rate occurring in specific parts of a house during a particular time range (say between 3 and 4 o'clock in the morning) falls outside of statistically normal parameters, and that the occurrence of such a flow rate is statistically significant, resulting in the generation of an audible warning signal, as well as the actuation of an alert signal.
  • Threshold limits can be independently input or determined for water flows and/or water pressures in separate piping systems corresponding to the flow control valve and sensors for those piping systems.
  • control system is configured to actuate an alert signal in the form of an e-mail or text message sent to a mobile phone.
  • time period limits maybe set or determined from historical barter at which water flow rates and/or water pressures can be continuously measured at. For example, if a particular water flow rate is detected that carries on continuously for more than an hour, the system can be set to shut the flow valve and actuate an alert signal.
  • one or more flow veils can be shut down, or an alert signal actuated, if water pressures, flow volumes or flow rates exceed threshold limits that have been input or determined from historical data in the event that water flows and/or water pressures exceed predetermined threshold limits.
  • the control system can also operate to determine a rate of change of pressure detected by a sensor. A sudden drop in the pressure in a pipe can indicate the bursting of the pipe. If the rate of change of pressure is above or below a particular threshold limit, this can indicate that a pipe has burst. The electrical control system can then trigger either the closure of a valve, or the actuation of a visual or an audible alarm signal.
  • the system will preferably present an option of overriding the control system to a user.
  • the control system On receiving a user input, for example an input on a touchscreen, the control system will preferably revert operation of the flow valve(s) to their previous state. It is also anticipated that the control system can present a complete shutdown option to a user, which if actuated by the user will result in a complete closure of all flow valves controlled by the control system.
  • the electrical control system will be configured for being controlled remotely.
  • operation of a mobile electronic device such as a smartphone may operate through a dedicated control application to manually override the control system, input threshold limits into the digital storage media, or carry out any other input described herein.
  • the electrical control system can detect information indicative of the condition of the flow valve. If example the condition of the flow valve indicates that the valve is leaking, then an alert signal can be actuated.
  • a computing device 600 on which the electrical control system and the user interface described may be implemented. It should be noted that the computing device 600 may take on differing configurations in the implementation of controlling water flow.
  • the steps of the method of controlling water flow described above may be implemented as computer program code instructions executable by one or more computing devices 600.
  • the computer program code instructions may be divided into one or more computer program code instruction libraries, such as dynamic link libraries (DLL), wherein each of the libraries performs a one or more steps of the method. Additionally, a subset of the one or more of the libraries may perform graphical user interface tasks relating to the steps of the method.
  • DLL dynamic link libraries
  • the device 600 comprises semiconductor memory 610 comprising volatile memory such as random access memory (RAM) or read only memory (ROM).
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read only memory
  • the memory 610 may comprise either RAM or ROM or a combination of RAM and ROM.
  • the device 600 comprises a computer program code storage medium reader 630 for reading the computer program code instructions from computer program code storage media 620.
  • the storage media 620 may be optical media such as CD-ROM disks, magnetic media such as floppy disks and tape cassettes or flash media such as USB memory sticks.
  • the device further comprises I/O interface 640 for communicating with one or more peripheral devices.
  • the I/O interface 640 may offer both serial and parallel interface connectivity.
  • the I/O interface 640 may comprise a Small Computer
  • the I/O interface 240 may also communicate with one or more human input devices (HID) 660 such as keyboards, touch screens, pointing devices, joysticks and the like.
  • HID human input devices
  • the I/O interface 640 may also comprise a computer to computer interface, such as a Recommended Standard
  • the I/O interface 640 may also comprise an audio interface for communicate audio signals to one or more audio devices 655, such as a speaker or a buzzer.
  • the device 600 also comprises a network interface 670 for communicating with one or more computer networks 680.
  • the network 680 may be a wired network, such as a wired EthernetTM network or a wireless network, such as a BluetoothTM network or IEEE 802.1 1 network.
  • the network 680 may be a local area network (LAN), such as a home or office computer network, or a wide area network (WAN), such as the Internet or private WAN.
  • LAN local area network
  • WAN wide area network
  • the device 600 comprises an arithmetic logic unit or processor 605 for performing the computer program code instructions.
  • the processor 605 may be a reduced instruction set computer (RISC) or complex instruction set computer (CISC) processor or the like.
  • the device 600 further comprises a storage device 645, such as a magnetic disk hard drive or a solid state disk drive.
  • Computer program code instructions may be loaded into the storage device 645 from the storage media 620 using the storage medium reader 630 or from the network 680 using network interface 670.
  • an operating system and one or more software applications are loaded from the storage device 645 into the memory 610.
  • the processor 605 fetches computer program code instructions from memory 610, decodes the instructions into machine code, executes the instructions and stores one or more intermediate results in memory 600.
  • the instructions stored in the memory 610 when retrieved and executed by the processor 605, may configure the computing device 600 as a special-purpose machine that may perform the functions described herein
  • the device 600 also comprises a video interface 615 for conveying video signals to a display device6, such as a liquid crystal display (LCD), cathode-ray tube (CRT), touchscreen device or similar display device.
  • a display device such as a liquid crystal display (LCD), cathode-ray tube (CRT), touchscreen device or similar display device.
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • CRT cathode-ray tube
  • touchscreen device or similar display device.
  • the device 600 also comprises a communication bus subsystem 650 for interconnecting the various devices described above.
  • the bus subsystem 650 may offer parallel connectivity such as Industry Standard Architecture (ISA), conventional Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) and the like or serial connectivity such as PCI Express (PCIe), Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (Serial ATA) and the like.
  • ISA Industry Standard Architecture
  • PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect
  • PCIe PCI Express
  • Serial Advanced Technology Attachment Serial ATA
  • database and its derivatives may be used to describe a single database, a set of databases, a system of databases or the like.
  • the system of databases may comprise a set of databases wherein the set of databases may be stored on a single implementation or span across multiple implementations.
  • database is also not limited to refer to a certain database format rather may refer to any database format.
  • database formats may include MySQL, MySQLi , XML or the like. Processes:
  • processor may refer to any device or portion of a device that processes electronic data, e.g., from registers and/or memory to transform that electronic data into other electronic data that, e.g., may be stored in registers and/or memory.
  • a "computer” or a “computing device” or a “computing machine” or a “computing platform” may include one or more processors.
  • the methodologies described herein are, in one embodiment, performable by one or more processors that accept computer-readable (also called machine-readable) code containing a set of instructions that when executed by one or more of the processors carry out at least one of the methods described herein.
  • Any processor capable of executing a set of instructions (sequential or otherwise) that specify actions to be taken are included.
  • a typical processing system that includes one or more processors.
  • the processing system further may include a memory subsystem including main RAM and/or a static RAM, and/or ROM.
  • a computer-readable carrier medium may form, or be included in a computer program product.
  • a computer program product can be stored on a computer usable carrier medium, the computer program product comprising a computer readable program means for causing a processor to perform a method as described herein.
  • each of the methods described herein is in the form of a computer-readable carrier medium carrying a set of instructions, e.g., a computer program that are for execution on one or more processors.
  • a computer-readable carrier medium carrying computer readable code including a set of instructions that when executed on one or more processors cause a processor or processors to implement a method.
  • aspects of the present invention may take the form of a method, an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects.
  • the present invention may take the form of carrier medium (e.g., a computer program product on a computer-readable storage medium) carrying computer-readable program code embodied in the medium.
  • the software may further be transmitted or received over a network via a network interface device.
  • the carrier medium is shown in an example embodiment to be a single medium, the term “carrier medium” should be taken to include a single medium or multiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and/or associated caches and servers) that store the one or more sets of instructions.
  • the term “carrier medium” shall also be taken to include any medium that is capable of storing, encoding or carrying a set of instructions for execution by one or more of the processors and that cause the one or more processors to perform any one or more of the methodologies of the present invention.
  • a carrier medium may take many forms, including but not limited to, non-volatile media, volatile media, and transmission media. Implementation:
  • a device A connected to a device B should not be limited to devices or systems wherein an output of device A is directly connected to an input of device B. It means that there exists a path between an output of A and an input of B which may be a path including other devices or means.
  • Connected may mean that two or more elements are either in direct physical or electrical contact, or that two or more elements are not in direct contact with each other but yet still co-operate or interact with each other.

Abstract

The invention relates to a flow control system for controlling the flow of water to a residential or commercial premises based on thresholds that have been input for particular times of day or dates, and/or which have been determined from stored historical data for that premises.

Description

A SYSTEM, APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING WATER FLOW
Field of the Invention
[1 ] The present invention relates to digital technology for water flow and in particular a system and a method for controlling water flow.
[2] The invention has been developed primarily for use in controlling water flow usage and will be described hereinafter with reference to this application. However, it will be appreciated that the invention is not limited to this particular field of use.
Background
[3] Water is an important element in our daily lives. In general, water is supplied from a variety of locations, including groundwater (aquifers), surface water (lakes and rivers), conservation and the sea through desalination. The water is then, in most cases, purified, this disinfected through chlorination and sometimes fluoridated. Treated water then either flows by gravity or is pumped to reservoirs, which can be elevated such as water towers or on the ground (for indicators related to the efficiency of drinking water distribution see non-revenue water). Typically in municipalities and the like, water is distributed through a well-connected system of underground water pipes that are branches out into respective locations for subsequent redistribution. On a residential premises, a water meter typically forms the critical gateway for subsequent water distribution. In that respect, the water meter is used as a device in measuring the amount of water that is supplied. In commercial premises such as office buildings and shopping centres, due to an increase in demand of water and hence an increase in the supplied water pressure, industrial grade water valves are generally installed that forms that essential gateway to the distribution of water. Existing plumbing facilities are however, prone to ruptures and long term degradations causing leaks and in some instances, catastrophic water bursts. As a result, significant costs are incurred, not to mention physical damages to properties, water wasted and the general inconveniences caused to parties involved.
[4] It is to be understood that, if any prior art information is referred to herein, such reference does not constitute an admission that the information forms part of the common general knowledge in the art, in Australia or any other country.
Summary of the Invention
[5] The invention seeks to provide a method for controlling water flow, which will overcome or substantially ameliorate at least some of the deficiencies of the prior art, or to at least provide an alternative. [6] A control system for controlling water flow, the system comprising:
a. a receiver configured for operational coupling to at least one or more flow sensor for receiving a measurement signal,
b. a transmitter configured for operational coupling to a flow valve to control the flow valve;
c. a processor for processing information according to stored instructions;
d. digital storage media configured for storing instructions;
e. wherein the digital instructions are configured for directing the processor for i. receiving measurement signals from the sensor;
ii. determining threshold values against which received measurement signals may be compared;
iii. comparing the measurement signals to the determined threshold values, and
iv. controlling the at least one flow valve in accordance with the result of the comparison.
[7] In one embodiment, the digital instructions are configured for directing the processor for:
a. storing the received measurement signals as historical data; and
b. determining the threshold values from the stored historical data.
[8] In one embodiment, the digital instructions are configured for directing the processor for:
a. determining the threshold values for one or more selected from a particular time of day, and a range of time in a day.
[9] In one embodiment, the digital instructions are configured for directing the processor for:
a. determining the threshold values for one or more selected from a particular time of day, and a range of time in a day by
i. determining the current time; and
ii. comparing the current time to predetermined time ranges to retrieve threshold values. 0] In one embodiment, the digital instructions are configured for directing the processor for
a. determining the threshold values from the stored historical data for one or more selected from a particular time of day, and a range of time in a day.
A method for controlling water flow, the method comprising the steps of:
a. receiving measurement signals from at least one or more sensor;
b. determining threshold values against which received measurement signals may be compared;
c. comparing the measurement signals to the determined threshold values, and d. controlling at least one flow valve in accordance with the result of the comparison.
[12] In one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of:
a. storing the received measurement signals as historical data; and
b. determining the threshold values from the stored historical data.
[13] In one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of:
a. determining the threshold values for one or more selected from a particular time of day, and a range of time in a day.
[14] In one embodiment, the step of determining the threshold values for one or more selected from a particular time of day and a range of time in a day comprises the steps of:
i. determining the current time; and
ii. comparing the current time to predetermined time ranges to retrieve threshold values.
5] In one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of:
a. determining the threshold values from the stored historical data for one or more selected from a particular time of day, and a range of time in a day.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for controlling water flow, the system comprising
a. a sensor configured for measuring one or more selected from water flow rate and water pressure; and b. a flow valve operably coupled to the flow sensor, wherein in use, the flow valve is adapted to control the water flow through the flow valve in accordance with the flow rates and/or water pressure measured by the sensor.
[17] Advantageously, the system provides users with either automatic or manual mechanisms in shutting down water in the event of catastrophic burst water mains. Consequently, the system is able to save water, private properties and infrastructures.
[18] Further, the system offers users the capability to monitor water leakages, both minute and major, at respective premises.
[19] In one embodiment, the sensor is configured to transmit a measurement signal indicative of the one or more selected from water flow rate and water pressure.
[20] In one embodiment, the system further comprises an electrical control system, wherein the electrical control system is operably coupled to the flow sensor and the flow valve.
[21 ] In one embodiment, the electrical control system comprises an receiver operably coupled to the flow sensor for receiving the measurement signal, a user interface configured for receiving user information and display information in accordance with the measured water flow, and a transmitter operably coupled to the flow valve to control the flow valve in accordance with the one or more selected from water flow rate and water pressure and the user information received from the user interface.
[22] In one embodiment, the electrical control system comprises digital storage media configured for storing software instructions.
[23] In one embodiment, the electrical control system comprises stored software instructions.
[24] In one embodiment, the softer instructions are configured for directing the controller to carry out control steps.
[25] In one embodiment, the softer instructions are configured for receiving an input from the user interface indicating a threshold for the measured water flow.
[26] Preferably, in use, the electrical control system is adapted to automatically close the flow valve if measured water flow is greater or equal to the user information received via the user interface. [27] In one embodiment, the electrical control system further comprises an indicator to display a water flow state in accordance with the measured water flow.
[28] In one embodiment, the electrical control system further comprises a display to display information in accordance with the one or more selected from the measured water flow and the measured water pressure.
[29] In one embodiment, the electrical control system further comprises a memory device configured for storing historical information in accordance with the measured water flow and/or water pressure.
[30] In one embodiment, the electrical control system comprises an indicator to display information associated with daily water usage.
[31 ] In one embodiment, the electrical control system further comprises an audio output.
[32] In one embodiment, the electrical control system further comprises an audio input.
[33] Preferably, in use, the electrical control system is adapted for controlling the flow valve in accordance with user information via the user interface.
[34] Preferably, in use, the electrical control system, is further adapted to close or at least restrict the flow valve in accordance with user information.
[35] Preferably, in use, the electrical control system, is further adapted to open the flow valve in accordance with user information.
[36] In one embodiment, the flow sensor comprises a flow control valve.
[37] In one embodiment, the flow valve comprises an electromechanically operated valve.
[38] In one embodiment, the electromechanically operated valve comprises a solenoid valve.
[39] In one embodiment, the system further comprises a water supply connection.
[40] In one embodiment, the flow sensor and the flow valve form an integral unit.
[41 ] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is further adapted to detect water leakage based on the measured water flow and one or more selected from a threshold and the measured water pressure.
[42] In one embodiment, the measured water flow comprises flow rate.
[43] In one embodiment, the measured water flow comprises cumulative flow.
[44] In one embodiment, the threshold comprises user information.
[45] In one embodiment, the threshold comprises a time averaged historical flows. [46] In one embodiment, the threshold comprises a predetermined multiple of time averaged historical water flows.
[47] In one embodiment, the threshold comprises a time averaged maximum of historical flows.
[48] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted to learn patterns from stored historical information to determine the threshold.
[49] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted to determine the threshold based on user travel information.
[50] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted to determine the threshold based on time information.
[51 ] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted to calculate potential water savings from historical measured water flow and/or water pressure.
[52] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted to provide water saving recommendation.
[53] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted to detect information on a condition of the flow valve.
[54] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted to provide information on a condition of the flow valve.
[55] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for displaying daily water consumption averages.
[56] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for providing a visual display of current water flow and/or water pressure.
[57] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for generating an audible signal indicative of current water flow and/or water pressure.
[58] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for storing water flow measurements and/or water pressure measurements, together with the times during the day that the water flow measurements and/or water pressure measurements were recorded.
[59] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for receiving inputs indicative of maximum limits of water flows and/or water pressure is for particular times of day. [60] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for comparing water flows to threshold limits set for particular times of day.
[61 ] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that the compared water flows and/or water pressures exceed threshold limits set for particular times of day.
[62] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for receiving time period limits setting time limits at which water flow rates and/or water pressures can be continuously measured at.
[63] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for comparing the time periods for which continuous water flow rates measured to the received time period limits.
[64] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for closing the flow valve in the event that water flows continuously at predetermined flow rates for a time period longer than the received time period limits.
[65] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that water flows continuously at predetermined flow rates for a time period longer than the received time period limits.
[66] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for closing the flow valve in the event that water flows and/or water pressures exceed predetermined threshold limits.
[67] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that water flows and/or water pressures exceed predetermined threshold limits.
[68] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for determining the rate of change of water pressure.
[69] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for closing the flow valve in the event that the rate of change of water pressure exceeds predetermined threshold limits.
[70] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that the rate of change of water pressure exceeds predetermined threshold limits. [71 ] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is composed of low voltage electrical control components.
[72] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is configured for receiving an override input via the user interface, to thereby allow manual control of one or more flow valves.
[73] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is configured for being remotely controlled via a mobile electronic device.
[74] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is configured for controlling a plurality of flow valves simultaneously.
[75] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is configured for providing a schematic display of a residences piping systems and flow valves, together with an indication of one or more selected from flow rates and water pressure, via the display.
[76] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is configured for receiving as safety shutdown signal to stop all water flow through the flow valves it controls.
[77] According to a further aspect, the invention may be said to consist in a system for controlling water flow, the system comprising:
a. an electrical control system, wherein the electrical control system is configured for being operably coupled to:
i. at least one or more sensor configured for measuring one or more selected from water flow rate and water pressure and transmitting measurement signals to the electrical control system; and
ii. at least one flow valve operably coupled to the flow sensor, wherein in use, the flow valve is adapted to control the water flow through the flow valve in accordance with the flow rates and/or water pressure measured by the sensor;
b. wherein the control system is configured for storing received measurement signals as historical data; and
c. wherein the control system is configured for
i. comparing current measurement signals to a threshold value obtained from historical data, and
ii. controlling the at least one flow valve in accordance with the result of the comparison. According to a further aspect, the invention may be said to consist in a method of controlling water flow comprising the steps of
a. receiving a measurement signal indicative of one or more selected from water flow and water pressure from a flow sensor;
b. storing received measurement signals as historical data; and
c. comparing currently received measurement signals to historical data, and d. controlling at least one flow valve in accordance with the result of the comparison.
According to a further aspect, the invention may be said to consist in a control system for controlling water flow, the system comprising:
a. an electrical control system, wherein the electrical control system is configured for being operably coupled to:
i. at least one or more sensor configured for measuring one or more selected from water flow rate and water pressure and transmitting measurement signals to the electrical control system; and ii. at least one flow valve operably coupled to the flow sensor, wherein in use, the flow valve is adapted to control the water flow through the flow valve in accordance with the flow rates and/or water pressure measured by the sensor;
b. wherein the control system is configured for:
i. receiving measurement signals from the sensors;
ii. determining one or more selected from the time of day or time range in a day in which the measurement signals were received; iii. comparing the measurement signals to pre-determined threshold values for one or more selected from the time of day and the time range in a day in which the measurement signals were received, and iv. controlling the at least one flow valve in accordance with the result of the comparison.
In one embodiment, the control system is configured for storing received measurement signals as historical data.
In one embodiment, the control system is configured for determining threshold values from stored historical data. In one embodiment, the control system is configured for comparing received measurement signals with threshold value is determined from stored historical data.
According to a further aspect, the invention may be said to consist in a control system for controlling water flow, the system comprising:
a. a receiver configured for operational coupling to at least one or more flow sensor for receiving a measurement signal,
b. a transmitter configured for operational coupling to a flow valve to control the flow valve;
c. a processor for processing information according to stored instructions;
d. digital storage media configured for storing instructions for directing the processor for
i. storing received measurement signals as historical data; ii. comparing current measurement signals to a threshold value obtained from historical data, and
iii. controlling the at least one flow valve in accordance with the result of the comparison.
In one embodiment, the control system comprises a user interface configured for receiving user input information.
In one embodiment, the control system comprises a user interface configured for displaying information.
According to a further aspect, the invention may be said to consist in a control system for controlling water flow, the system comprising:
a. a receiver configured for operational coupling to at least one or more flow sensor for receiving a measurement signal,
b. a transmitter configured for operational coupling to a flow valve to control the flow valve;
c. a processor for processing information according to stored instructions;
d. digital storage media configured for storing instructions;
e. wherein the digital instructions are configured for directing the processor for i. receiving measurement signals from the sensor; ii. determining one or more selected from the time of day or time range in a day in which the measurement signals were received;
iii. comparing the measurement signals to pre-determined threshold values for one or more selected from the time of day and the time range in a day in which the measurement signals were received, and iv. controlling the at least one flow valve in accordance with the result of the comparison.
[87] In one embodiment, the instructions are configured for directing the processor for a. storing received measurement signals as historical data.
[88] In one embodiment, the predetermined threshold values are determined from stored historical data received from the sensors.
[89] According to a further aspect, the invention may be said to consist in a method for controlling water flow, the method comprising the steps of:
i. receiving measurement signals from sensors relating to one or more selected from water flow rate and water pressure;
ii. determining one or more selected from the time of day or time range in a day in which the measurement signals were received;
iii. comparing the measurement signals to pre-determined threshold values for one or more selected from the time of day and the time range in a day in which the measurement signals were received, and iv. controlling the at least one flow valve in accordance with the result of the comparison.
[90] In one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of providing a control system as described.
[91] According to another aspect, the invention may be said to consist in a method of controlling water flow comprising the steps of
a. measuring one or more selected from water flow and water pressure by means of a flow sensor,
b. controlling the water flow by controlling a flow valve, operably coupled to the flow sensor, in accordance with the measured water flow from the flow sensor. [92] In one embodiment, the flow sensor and the flow valve are operably coupled to an electrical control system, and the electrical control system is adapted for controlling the water flow in accordance with the measured water flow and/or water pressure measured by the flow sensor.
[93] Preferably the electrical control system comprises digital storage media with software instructions configured for directing the electrical control system to control the water flow in accordance with the measured water flow and/or water pressure measured by the flow sensor.
[94] In one embodiment, the method further comprises the steps of
a. receiving the measured water flow, via an receiver, operably coupled to the flow sensor;
b. receiving user information;. And
c. controlling the flow valve in accordance with the measured water flow and the user information received from the user interface.
[95] In one embodiment, the method further comprises the step of:
a. displaying information in accordance with the measured water flow via a user interface.
[96] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of automatically closing the flow valve if measured water flow is greater or equal to the user information received via the user interface.
[97] In one embodiment, the electrical control system further comprises a display to display a water flow state in accordance with the measured water flow, and the method further comprises the step of
a. displaying a water flow state in accordance with the measured water flow.
[98] In one embodiment, the electrical control system further comprises a memory device to store historical information in accordance with the measured water flow, and the method further comprises the step of
[99] storing historical information of measured water flow and/or water pressure.
[100] In one embodiment, the electrical control system comprises an indicator to display information associated with daily water usage, and the method further comprises the step of
[101 ] displaying information associated with daily water usage. [102] In one embodiment, the electrical control system further comprises an audio output, and the method further comprises the step of
a. actuating the generation of an audio signal.
[103] In one embodiment, the electrical control system further comprises an audio input, and the method further comprises the step of
a. receiving an audio signal and adapting it to an electrical signal.
[104] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of controlling the flow valve in accordance with user information received via the user interface.
[105] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of closing the flow valve in accordance with received user information.
[106] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of opening the flow valve in accordance with received user information.
[107] In one embodiment, the flow sensor comprises a flow control valve.
[108] In one embodiment, the flow valve comprises an electromechanically operated valve.
[109] In one embodiment, the electromechanically operated valve comprises a solenoid valve.
[1 10] In one embodiment, the flow sensor and the flow valve forms an integral unit.
[1 1 1 ] In one embodiment, the integral unit comprise a water supply connection.
[1 12] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of determining a threshold.
[1 13] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of detecting water leakage based on the measured water flow and a threshold.
[1 14] In one embodiment, the measured water flow comprises flow rate.
[1 15] In one embodiment, the measured water flow comprises cumulative flow.
[1 16] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of determining the threshold from received user information.
[1 17] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of determining the threshold from time averaged historical flows.
[1 18] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of determining the threshold from time averaged maximum of historical flows. [1 19] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of determining the threshold from patterns detected in stored historical information on water flows and/or water pressures.
[120] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of detecting patterns from stored historical information to determine the threshold.
[121 ] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of determining the threshold based on user travel information.
[122] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of displaying daily water consumption averages.
[123] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of providing a visual display of current water flow and/or water pressure.
[124] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of generating an audible signal indicative of current water flow and/or water pressure.
[125] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of storing water flow measurements and/or water pressure measurements, together with the times during the day that the water flow measurements and/or water pressure measurements were recorded.
[126] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of receiving inputs indicative of maximum limits of water flows and/or water pressure is for particular times of day.
[127] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of comparing water flows to threshold limits set for particular times of day.
[128] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that the compared water flows and/or water pressures exceed threshold limits set for particular times of day.
[129] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of receiving time period limits setting time limits at which water flow rates and/or water pressures can be continuously measured at.
[130] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of comparing the time periods for which continuous water flow rates measured to the received time period limits.
[131 ] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of closing the flow valve in the event that water flows continuously at predetermined flow rates for a time period longer than the received time period limits. [132] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that water flows continuously at predetermined flow rates for a time period longer than the received time period limits.
[133] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of closing the flow valve in the event that water flows and/or water pressures exceed predetermined threshold limits.
[134] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that water flows and/or water pressures exceed predetermined threshold limits.
[135] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of determining the rate of change of water pressure.
[136] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of closing the flow valve in the event that the rate of change of water pressure exceeds predetermined threshold limits.
[137] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that the rate of change of water pressure exceeds predetermined threshold limits.
[138] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of receiving an override input via the user interface, to thereby allow manual control of one or more flow valves.
[139] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of remotely controlling the electrical control system via a mobile electronic device.
[140] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of controlling a plurality of flow valves simultaneously.
[141 ] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of providing a schematic display of a residence's piping systems and flow valves, together with an indication of one or more selected from flow rates and water pressure, via the display.
[142] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of receiving as safety shutdown signal to stop all water flow through the flow valves it controls.
[143] In another aspect, the invention may be said to consist in a system for controlling water flow, the system comprising:
a. an electrical control system, wherein the electrical control system is configured for being operably coupled to: i. at least one or more sensor configured for measuring one or more selected from water flow rate and water pressure and transmitting a measurement signals to the electrical control system; and
ii. at least one or more flow valve operably coupled to the flow sensor, wherein in use, the flow valve is adapted to control the water flow through the flow valve in accordance with the flow rates and/or water pressure measured by the sensor.
[144] In one embodiment, the system further comprises said at least one or more sensor and said at least one or more flow valve.
[145] In one embodiment, the sensor is configured to transmit a measurement signal indicative of the one or more selected from water flow rate, cumulative water volume, water pressure and rate of change of water pressure.
[146] In one embodiment, the electrical control system comprises:
a. a receiver operably coupled to the flow sensor for receiving the measurement signal,
b. a user interface configured for receiving user information and display information in accordance with the measured water flow, and
c. a transmitter operably coupled to the flow valve to control the flow valve in accordance with the one or more selected from water flow rate and water pressure and the user information received from the user interface.
[147] In one embodiment, the control system includes a clock and/or date generation device, and is configured to receive a signal from the date generation device indicative of the current date and/or time.
[148] In one embodiment, the electrical control system comprises digital storage media configured for storing software instructions.
[149] In one embodiment, the electrical control system comprises stored software instructions.
[150] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is configured for being guided by the software instructions to carry out control steps.
[151 ] In one embodiment, the control system is configured for obtaining a threshold value.
[152] In one embodiment, the control system is configured for comparing the threshold value to one or more selected from a measurement signal and value determined from a measurement signal. [153] In one embodiment, the control system is configured for receiving a threshold value for one or more selected from
a. the measured water flow;
b. water pressure; and
c. rate of change of water pressure;
d. measured cumulative water volume.
[154] In one embodiment, the control system is configured for storing measurement signals as historical data.
[155] In one embodiment, the control system is configured for receiving the threshold value as an input.
[156] In one embodiment, the electrical control system further comprises a memory device configured for storing historical data.
[157] In one embodiment, the control system is configured for analysing the historical data to determine the threshold value.
[158] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is configured to analyse the historical data to determine one or more selected from:
a. peak water flow rates;
b. water flow rates;
c. peak low water pressures;
d. rates of change of water pressure;
e. periods of continuous water flow;
f. average periods of continuous water flow;
g. maximum periods of continuous water flow;
h. peak continuous cumulative volumes
i. average continuous cumulative volumes;
j. peak high water pressures;
k. water pressures; and
I. any of the above averaged over one or more selected from a predetermined and input time ranges. [159] In one embodiment, the threshold value is determined for a predetermined or input range of time.
[160] In one embodiment, the control system is configured for comparing the received threshold value to the measurement signal from the sensor, or a manipulation thereof.
[161 ] A system as claimed in claim 20), wherein the manipulation of the measurement signal is an integration of the measurement signal over time, or an averaging of the measurement signal over time.
[162] In one embodiment, the manipulation of the measurement signal is an integration of the measurement signal over current time, or an averaging of the measurement signal over current time.
[163] In one embodiment, the software instructions are configured for controlling at least one or more flow valve is in accordance with the comparison.
[164] In one embodiment, the electrical control system comprises a visual display device for displaying information about the system.
[165] Preferably, in use, the electrical control system is adapted for controlling the flow valve in accordance with input information received from the user interface.
[166] In one embodiment, the flow sensor and the flow valve form an integral unit.
[167] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is further adapted to detect water leakage based on the measured water flow and one or more selected from the threshold value and the measurement signal.
[168] In one embodiment, the measurement signal comprises a flow rate.
[169] In one embodiment, the measured water flow comprises cumulative water flow volume.
[170] In one embodiment, the threshold value comprises a predetermined multiple of time averaged stored flow information.
[171 ] In one embodiment, the threshold value comprises a time averaged maximum of stored flow information.
[172] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted to learn patterns from stored historical data to determine the threshold value.
[173] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted to determine the threshold value based on user travel information. [174] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted to determine the threshold value based on time information.
[175] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted to calculate potential water savings from the historical data.
[176] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted to provide water saving recommendation.
[177] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted to detect information on a condition of the flow valve.
[178] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted to present information on a condition of the flow valve.
[179] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for receiving threshold value inputs indicative of maximum limits of water flows and/or water pressures for set time ranges.
[180] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for comparing water flows to threshold values for the time ranges.
[181 ] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal based on the result of the comparison of the threshold value and the measurement signal in the event that the compared water flows and/or water pressures exceed threshold limits set for particular time ranges.
[182] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for receiving a threshold value setting maximum time limits for the continuous flow of water.
[183] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for comparing the time periods over which water flows continuously to the threshold value.
[184] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for receiving and/or determining the rate of change of water pressure, and comparing the rate of change of water pressure to a threshold value.
[185] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is adapted for closing the flow valve in the event that the rate of change of water pressure exceeds the threshold value.
[186] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is configured for receiving an override input via the user interface, to thereby allow manual control of one or more flow valves. [187] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is configured for being remotely controlled via a mobile electronic device via a wireless network.
[188] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is configured for controlling a plurality of flow valves simultaneously.
[189] In one embodiment, the the electrical control system is configured for providing a schematic display of a piping system and flow valves, together with an indication of one or more selected from flow rates and water pressure, via the display.
[190] In one embodiment, the electrical control system is configured for receiving as safety shutdown signal to stop all water flow through the flow valves it controls.
[191] According to another aspect, the invention may be said to consist in a system for controlling water flow, the system comprising:
a. an electrical control system, wherein the electrical control system is configured for being operably coupled to:
i. at least one or more sensor configured for measuring one or more selected from water flow rate and water pressure; and
ii. at least one or more flow valve operably coupled to the flow sensor, wherein in use, the flow valve is adapted to control the water flow through the flow valve in accordance with the flow rates and/or water pressure measured by the sensor;
b. the control system comprising
i. a receiver operably coupled to the flow sensor for receiving a measurement signal,
ii. a user interface configured for receiving user information and display information in accordance with the measured water flow, and iii. a transmitter operably coupled to the flow valve to control the flow valve;
c. the control system being configured to be guided by software instructions to carry out the steps of
i. obtaining a threshold value; and
ii. comparing the threshold value to a comparison value determined from the measurement signal; [192] In one embodiment, the the control system is configured for controlling the flow valve in accordance with the comparison.
[193] In one embodiment, the control system is configured for actuating one or more selected from an audible signal and a visual signal in accordance with the comparison.
[194] In one embodiment, the control system comprises a user input device.
[195] In one embodiment, the threshold value is received as a user input into the control system.
[196] In one embodiment, the control system is configured to store received measurement signals as historical data.
[197] In one embodiment, the control system is configured to determine the threshold value from the stored historical data.
[198] In one embodiment, the control system is configured to determine the threshold value from a statistical analysis of the stored historical data.
[199] In another aspect, the invention may be said to consist in a method ot controlling water flow comprising the steps of
a. receiving a measurement signal indicative of one or more selected from water flow and water pressure from a flow sensor;
b. comparing the received measurement signal to a threshold value; and c. controlling the water flow by controlling at least one or more flow valves, operably coupled to the flow sensor.
[200] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of providing a control system is described.
[201 ] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of determining the threshold value.
[202] In one embodiment, the method further comprises the step of storing the measurement signals as historical data.
[203] In one embodiment, the method further comprises the step of receiving the threshold value from a user interface.
[204] In one embodiment, the method further comprises the step of determining the threshold value from the input user information [205] In one embodiment, the method further comprises the step of determining the threshold value from the historical data.
[206] In one embodiment, the method further comprises the step of displaying information in accordance with the comparison on a display device.
[207] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of automatically closing the flow valve based on the result of the comparison between the measurement signal and the threshold value.
[208] In one embodiment, the method further comprises the step of actuating one or more selected from an audible signal and a visual signal based on the result of the comparison.
[209] In one embodiment, the electrical control system further comprises an audio input, and the method further comprises the step of receiving an audio signal and adapting it to an electrical signal.
[210] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of controlling the at least one or more flow valves in accordance with user information received via the user interface.
[21 1 ] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of determining the threshold value from the historical data by analysis of one or more selected from:
a. peak water flow rates;
b. water flow rates;
c. peak low water pressures;
d. rates of change of water pressure;
e. periods of continuous water flow;
f. average periods of continuous water flow;
g. maximum periods of continuous water flow;
h. peak continuous cumulative volumes
i. average continuous cumulative volumes;
j. peak high water pressures;
k. water pressures; and
I. any of the above averaged over one or more selected from a predetermined and input time ranges. [212] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of detecting water leakage based on the comparison.
[213] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of detecting patterns from stored historical data to determine the threshold.
[21 ] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of determining the threshold from patterns detected in the stored historical data.
[215] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of determining the threshold based on user travel information.
[216] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of displaying daily water consumption averages on a display device.
[217] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of presenting a visual display of current water flow and/or water pressure.
[218] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of storing one or more selected from water flow rates, cumulative water volumes and water pressure measurements, together with the times during the day that the water flow measurements and/or water pressure measurements were received.
[219] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of determining and/or receiving threshold values indicative of maximum limits of water flows and/or water pressures for particular times ranges in a day.
[220] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of comparing one or more selected from water flow rates, cumulative water volumes and water pressure measurements, to threshold limits for particular time ranges in a day.
[221 ] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of receiving and/or determining threshold values as time period limits setting time limits for continuous flow rates and/or continuous water pressures at a sensor.
[222] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of comparing the time periods for which continuous water flow rates measurement signals are received, to the received time period limits.
[223] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of closing the flow valve in the event that water flows continuously at predetermined flow rates for a time period longer than the received time period limits.
[224] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that water flows continuously at predetermined flow rates for a time period longer than the received time period limits.
[225] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of determining the rate of change of water pressure from the measurement signal.
[226] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of comparing the determined rate of change of water pressure to a threshold value.
[227] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of closing the flow valve in the event that the rate of change of water pressure meets or exceeds the threshold value.
[228] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that the rate of change of water pressure exceeds the threshold value.
[229] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of receiving an override input via the user interface, to thereby allow manual control of one or more flow valves.
[230] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of receiving remote control signals for the control of the electrical control system from a mobile electronic device.
[231 ] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of independently controlling a plurality of flow valves simultaneously.
[232] In one embodiment, the the method comprises the step of presenting a schematic display of a property's piping systems and flow valves, together with an indication of one or more selected from flow rates and water pressure, at the display device.
[233] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of receiving a safety shutdown signal to stop all water flow through the flow valves it controls.
[234] In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of receiving a time signal from a time signal generating device, and using the time signal in the determination of the threshold value.
[235] In another aspect, the invention may be said to consist in a flow control arrangement for monitoring and controlling the flow of fluid in the pipe, the flow control arrangement comprising
a. at least one sensor, the sense of being configured for sensing at least one or more selected from
i. fluid flow rate, ii. cumulative fluid flow volume,
iii. fluid pressure; and
b. at least one flow control valves configured for at least partially restricting the flow of fluid through an aperture;
c. a housing for housing the sensor and the flow control valve.
[236] In one embodiment, the flow control arrangement further comprises a transmitter for transmitting measurement signals from the sensor to a control system.
[237] In one embodiment, the flow control arrangement further comprises a receiver for receiving control signals from a control system to thereby control operation of the flow control valve.
[238] In one embodiment, the housing is configured for housing the sensor and flow control valve in a sealed fashion.
[239] Preferably, one or more selected from the receiver and the transmitter is operable wirelessly.
[240] In one embodiment, the housing comprises seating formations for seating the sensor and the flow control valve.
[241 ] In one embodiment, the flow control arrangement comprises a control system as described.
Brief Description of the Drawings
[242] Notwithstanding any other forms which may fall within the scope of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
[243] Fig. 1 shows a residential premises on which the various embodiments described herein may be implemented in accordance with the present invention;
[244] Fig. 2 shows a system diagram in accordance with various embodiments described herein of the present invention;
[245] Fig. 3 shows the main panel of the control system user interface in accordance with an embodiment described herein of the present invention;
[246] Fig. 4 shows the statistics panel of the control system user interface in accordance with an embodiment described herein of the present invention;
[247] Fig. 5 shows the settings panel of the control system user interface in accordance with an embodiment described herein of the present invention; and [248] Fig. 6 shows a computing device on which the various embodiments described herein may be implemented in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
[249] Fig. 7 shows a top perspective view of a flow control unit;
[250] Fig. 8 shows a cutaway top perspective view of a flow control unit;
[251 ] Fig. 9 shows a flow chart of a first method of controlling fluid flow;
[252] Fig. 10 shows a flow chart of a second method of controlling fluid flow
Description of Embodiments
[253] It should be noted in the following description that like or the same reference numerals in different embodiments denote the same or similar features.
Environmental context
[254] Fig. 1 shows an example context 100 on which the various embodiments described herein may be used for controlling water flow.
[255] As will be described in further details below, the environmental context 100 comprises a premises 125 with which water is supplied and conveyed through underground piping 105. The water from the main underground piping 105 is distributed to a premises 125 via a water meter device 1 10. The water meter 1 10 may comprise a manually adjustable valve or tap 1 15 that control the amount of water flow entering the premises from the main underground piping 105 to the underground piping 120 feeding the premises 125.
[256] Even though residential premises 125 has been illustrated, other forms of premises such as townhouses, factories, retail premises, office buildings and shopping centres are also applicable, as long as water is supplied.
[257] Water pipes 105, 120 are pipes or tubes, commonly made of polyvinyl chloride, ductile iron, steel, cast iron, polypropylene, polyethylene, copper, or (formerly) lead, that carry pressurized and treated fresh water to premises 125 typically as part of a municipal water system as well as inside the premises 125. As a gateway to water distribution to a premises 125, water meters 110 are installed in most developed countries that are used to measure the volume of water used or supplied through a water supply system. While most of the water meters 1 10 measure water flow in cubic metres or litres in the, in the USA and some other countries, water meters 1 10 are calibrated in cubic feet or gallons on either mechanical or electronic register. Some electronic registers can additionally display the rate of flow in addition to total usage.
[258] While there are different forms of water meter devices 1 10 such as displacement and velocity based designs, either designs are applicable to the various embodiments described.
[259] Integral to water meters 1 10 found in residential premises whether installed external or internal to the premises 125, is a manual stop tap 1 15 that is implemented as a valve in controlling the flow of water entering the premises. The stop tap 1 15 is usually recommended when undertaking temporary maintenance or in an emergency situation, where misuse is likely to cause malfunction leading to potential water loss and damage. While the valves play an integral role in controlling fluid flow, valve actuation can, however, present logistic problems when valves are too large to be practically opened or closed by hand, or are in remote, inaccessible locations, or have to operate during periods when plants or installations are unmanned. Integrated flow control unit
[260] As shown in figures 7 and 8, an integrated flow control unit 5000 is provided. The integrated flow control unit 5000 for monitoring and controlling flow of fluid, such as water in a pipe. The flow control unit 5000 comprises a flow sensor 5100 and a control valve 5200.
[261 ] In the embodiment shown, the flow control unit 5000 is provided with one of each of a flow sensor 5100 and a control valve 5200, although more than one of each may be provided. The sensor 5100 is configured for sensing at least one or more selected from the fluid flow rate in a pipe, cumulative fluid flow volume through a pipe and/or fluid pressure.
[262] The flow control valve 5200 is configured to move between an open and closed position, to thereby restrict flow of water through a pipe.
[263] The flow control unit 5000 further includes pipe connection formations 5300 by which the flow control unit can be attached to an outlet of one pipe (not shown) and an inlet of another pipe (not shown).
[264] The flow control valve 5200 and flow sensor 5100 are housed within a housing 5400.
The housing is preferably configured to preferably create a sealed environment around the flow sensor 5100 and control valve 5200. However, in alternative embodiments, the housing does not provide a sealed environment. [265] The flow sensor 5100 includes a sensor portion and a transmitter portion for transmitting signals indicative of water pressure in the pipe, flow rate through the pipe, or cumulative volume that has flowed through the pipe over a particular time period.
[266] The flow control valve 5200 similarly includes a receiver portion for receiving signals from the control system, and a valve portion that is immovable between an open position in which fluid is allowed to flow through the valve and a closed position in which flow is restricted from flowing through the valve 5200.
[267] In the embodiment shown in the figures, the flow sensor 5100 and the flow control valve 5200 will be physically wired in communication with the control system via apertures 51 10 and 5210 in the housing 5400, although this need not be the case
[268] In an alternative embodiment (not shown) the receiver and/or the transmitter is operable wirelessly. This would be advantageous in that sealing of the housing would be more easily accomplished.
[269] The housing 5400 comprises seating formations 5410 for snugly seating the flow valve 5200 and the sensor 5100.
[270] The housing also surrounds the flow control valve 5200 and sensor 5100. In one embodiment as shown in the figures, a sealing gland (not shown) will seal between the housing 5400 and the ends of the pipes extending into apertures 5420 in the housing 5400. However in another embodiment, the sealing gland could seal between the pipe connection formations 5300 and the housing 5400.
System diagram
[271 ] To better illustrate the flow of water inside a premises 125, Fig. 2 shows the system diagram where various embodiments described herein can be implemented.
[272] Water flow here is shown as dark lines 210 that are distributed by underground piping 105 that flows through the water meter 215. The region marked out by dashed lines 205 denotes inside the premises 125. Even though, in this embodiment the water meter 215 is taken to be external to the premises 125, the various embodiments are also applicable when the water meter 215 is inside the premises 125.
[273]
[274] As water flows past a water meter 215, the water flows past and/or impinges on the integrated unit including housing at least partially surrounding a flow sensor and flow valve 220 that is adapted for connection to the water piping 120. The integrated unit of flow sensor and flow valve 220 collectively acquire flow information and the related, and transmit the information as low voltage electrical signals through appropriate cabling 240 to an electrical control system 225 installed inside the premises 205. In a preferred embodiment, the integrated unit is watertight or sealed .
[275] In one preferred embodiment (not shown), the integrated unit includes a wireless transmitter and receiver unit with which it can communicate with the control system.
[276] In another preferred embodiment, the integrated unit is connected or connectable to the control system by means of wiring via apertures and
[277] The electrical control system 225 receives the electrical signals via a receiver (not shown), either in the form of a wired or wireless network card, or via cables extending through a steel cable gland in the housing.
[278] In order to cater for installation to a water supply 105, the integrated unit of flow sensor and flow valve 220 comprises of a suitable connector to the water supply outlet. The connector can be any form such that no water leakage is possible. The electrical control system 225 is presented to the user via a user interface 230 and is connected to a storage device 235. Depending on the measured water flow acquired by the flow sensor in the flow sensor flow valve unit 220 and the control mechanism implemented in the electrical control system 225, the electrical control system 225 transmits appropriate electrical signals using a transmitter (not shown), preferably in the form of a wired or wireless network card, to the electromechanically operated flow valve in the flow sensor flow valve unit 220, to control the extent of flow valve opening so as to control the water flow through a system of internal piping for water distribution 245 inside the premises 205. In a preferred embodiment, the electrical control system is similarly connected to a plurality of similar integrated units of flow sensor and flow valve 220 located strategically on water supply pipes 105 around the premises.
[279] In a preferred embodiment, the flow sensor and flow valve unit 220 is a flow control valve with solenoid control installed in ground as a protective box formed out electrically insulating material. The flow control valve with solenoid control is a hydraulically operated diaphragm actuator control valve that maintains a preset maximum flow, regardless of fluctuating in mind or varying system pressure. The solenoid control operates at the nominal voltage of 12V DC at 0.3 - 0.5 A. The valve opens a shuts of in response to an electrical signal. The flow control valve with solenoid control 220 has the features of line pressure driven (independent operation), hydraulic flow sensor (upstream installation), no moving parts, no electronic components, no need for flows straightening solenoid controlled shutdown and low power consumption. Furthermore, the valve system is able to respond to wide ranges of pressure and voltages that offers an uncompromising reliability in that it is obstacle free, full bore and is situated in a stainless steel raised seat therefore cavitation damage resistant. Additional features include a solenoid control check feature, pressure reducing electric override and the level and flow control valves. Even though these valves come in the following sizes, 1/2BSP up to 100 mm BSP, it is expected that similar valves will also be available for pipes with sizes outside the prescribed range.
[280] In a preferred embodiment, the electrical control system 225 includes a clock and/or date generation device (not shown), that either receives the current time and date from an external source, or keeps t rack of the current time and date after being set initially. The electrical control system 225 is configured to receive a signal from the date generation device indicative of the current date and/or time, and can utilise the received date or time in its determination of statistical information, or in any determination that requires a date or time input, as will be disclosed below.
[281 ] In other embodiments, the flow sensor and flow valve unit 220 can comprise other forms of flow sensors that drive a rotary potentiometer or ones that measures the transfer of heat caused by the moving water such as micro sensors. Other sensing related approaches may also be applicable such as velocimeters, Doppler-based flow measurement methods, Hall effect sensors on flapper valve and even laser based interferometry. The solenoid valve is an electrically controlled hydraulic or pneumatic valve. In the case of a two port valve, the flow is switched on or off. In the case of three port valve, the outflow is switched between two outlet ports. In addition to the plunger-type actuator that is used most frequently in solenoid valves, pivoted- armature actuators and rocker actuators may also used.
[282] In the embodiment is described above, the flow sensor can be adapted to detect the velocity of flow past the sensor, or to determine total volumes that have passed the sensor for a given pipe size. However, it is also envisaged that in alternative embodiments, pressure sensors may be provided in addition to, or in place of the flow sensor.
[283] In other embodiments, in particular where working with low flow pressure, motorized ball valves can be used where an electric motor is used for the opening or closing mechanism. This type of valve functions in exactly the same fashion as a manual variety with the exception of being actuated by an electric motor. This type of valve can be remotely opened or closed by an operator or by inputs from an automated system.
[284] In yet another embodiment, even though the pressure sensor and/or flow sensor and the flow valve is an integral unit, the independent components can be installed separately along the water flow path post water meter 215 with the flow valve preceding the flow sensor. The advantage of such a modular independent arrangement may be flexibility and convenience for future parts maintenance, diagnosis and replacement at the cost of increased electrical cabling and prior installation.
[285] In a preferred embodiment, the electrical control system 225 can be either a standard feedforward or feedback controller. The controller can monitor the real-time flow rate, the total flow and control the quantitative flow based on user pre-sets received from the user interface 230. The controller 225, connected to the flow sensor flow valve unit 220 via appropriate electrical cabling, in turn sends relevant electrical signals to the flow valve in the flow sensor flow valve unit 220 to adjust the water flow automatically.
[286] The controller 225 can include a processor that follows and is guided by stored digital instructions to control the flow valves 220. The controller can also include digital storage media 235, such as a hard drive, flash memory, or the like; which is configured for storing instructions for guiding the controller, preferably in the form of software.
[287] In an alternative embodiment, it is envisaged that the instructions could be stored offsite and guide the controller remotely, for example if the controller is connected to a cloud-based control network.
[288] When discussing any methods carried out or control sequences applied below, it will be appreciated that the stored instructions will be configured for guiding the controller to carry out the method and/or control sequence as may be applicable.
[289] Where the real-time water flow readings the flow sensor exceeds or equals to the user pre-defined settings on the user interface 230, the controller 225 would transmit electrical signal to the flow valve to halt water flow automatically. The controller 225 operates at a voltage specific to the geographic location and receives electrical power through appropriate electrical cabling from the premises 205 with necessary battery as a backup power supply. Furthermore, the control system is connected to a memory device or a storage device 235 that stores and maintains a record of historical measured water flows or pressure data obtained from the flow sensor. This is stored as historical data, as illustrated in figure 9. The storage media 235 can be optical media such as CD-ROM disks, magnetic media such as floppy disks and tape cassettes or flash media such as USB memory sticks.
[290] Preferably the media 235 is the same media that the digital instructions are stored on, however this need not necessarily be the case, and two or more separate storage media can be provided.
[291 ] In one preferred embodiment, the controller 225 is configured to analyse the historical data to determine one or more selected from peak water flow rates; water flow rates; peak low water pressures; rates of change of water pressure; periods of continuous water flow; average periods of continuous water flow; maximum periods of continuous water flow; peak continuous cumulative volumes; average continuous cumulative volumes; peak high water pressures; water pressures.
[292] Any of this data can also be averaged over predetermined time ranges, or time ranges that have been input by a user.
[293] The analysis of the historical data is preferably used by the controller to determine a threshold value. In an alternative embodiment, a threshold value is received directly from a user input, or can be a predetermined or preset value that accords with industry best standards.
[294] Regardless of the source of the threshold value, this threshold value is then compared to measurements signals that are received from the sensors, or compared to measurements signals that have been manipulated.
[295] Manipulation of measurements signals can be for the purpose of integration or averaging over time, for example, the integration of a flow rate (in litres per second) over time to determine volume (in litres), or the storage of current or very recent flow rates over current time periods to determine current average flow rate for a particular time period.
[296] The current electrical control system 225 is designed under software platforms such as Mathworks Simulink™ and LabVIEW™ and implemented in standard embedded systems or computing device operated with microprocessors, microcontrollers, or digital signal processors. The software on the electrical control system 225 used for carrying out operations for aspects of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C++ or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages.
[297] In the case of a feedback controller, the electrical control system 225 would additionally receive information pertaining to the instantaneous flow rate and adjust the control signals to the flow valve in the flow sensor flow valve unit 220 accordingly.
Control mechanisms
[298] Water flow into a premises 205 is controlled and measured by a flow sensor flow valve unit 220 via an electrical control system 225 that can be operated by the user through the user interface 230. The user interface 300 in Fig. 3 shows information pertaining to the incoming water flow to the premises 205, such as current flow rate 305 or daily total flow 310 at either instantaneous or time averaged intervals, or water pressure at one or more sensors. The time average intervals may span from hourly, daily to monthly and yearly 320 depending on default or input user's preferences.
[299] Preferably, it is envisaged that a schematic diagram of the premises will be displayed, together with sensors and flow valves, as well as a summary of information being received from the sensors, and control signals being sent to the flow valves.
[300] As an example, a particular user may choose to display only the daily water usage 310 without displaying the real-time flow rate 305, or may display both. In another example, a user may only be interested in monitoring the real-time total flow as opposed to the flow rate metric 305. The display of information is in general configurable in accordance with user's setting. There is also an LED indicator 315 that blinks or illuminates whenever water leakage is detected either intentionally or unintentionally. An additional indicator 325 is present that illuminates, blinks, or generates an audible alert signal when the system of automatic monitoring has been manually overridden or bypassed, typically encountered when one needs an expected large volume of water such as filling a swimming pool and the like.
[301 ] In order to activate such functionality, the user may be required to temporarily shut down the monitoring system via a password protected push button 330. The password protected mechanism ensures that only parties with relevant authorities may be able to disrupt the automatic water flow safe guard. The user interface 300 offers users with the discretion of manually closing the valve in cases of emergency also with a password protected push button 335. [302] By incorporating automatic control with a touch of a button, there is no longer the need to physically adjust the stop tap. The user interface 300 is fitted with suitable speakers/sirens 340 controlled via the user interface 230 that is activated in circumstances of prolonged system shutdown/override indicating possible large water flow and in unexpected circumstances. The user interface 300 can also be programmed to receive voice instructions of commands for greater accessibility.
[303] In a preferred embodiment, the user is able to retrieve water usage information stored in the storage device 235 by the electrical control system 225 via the user interface 230. As can be seen from 400 of Fig. 4, various statistical information can be displayed on the user interface 230. The user is able to select the dates from a calendar 405 in which the data was acquired that is used as part of the statistical analysis shown in 400. In the main tab 450, the statistical information displayed.
[304] Examples of the statistical information displayed on the main tab 450 include average monthly water usage 410 for particular months of the year, average yearly water usage 415, peak water usage 420, major leakages detected 425 and number of system shutdowns encountered 445. In general, the type, format of the statistical information to be displayed on the main tab 450 can be configured by the user under the settings menu.
[305] After the user has chosen a set of dates to better understand their water consumption behaviour via the calendar tool 405, the water statistic tool of the user interface 400 contains a graph of the trend 430 of the statistical information. Even though a line graph is shown in 430, other type of graphs may also be used depending on the user preference and the information available. Examples of graphs include pie charts, bar graphs, area graphs and histograms. In this particular line graph 430, the x-axis represents time in units of months while the y-axis represents the monthly water usage. Usages from other years as an example can be overlayed on top for visual comparisons. In other tabs, statistical information regarding to the flow sensor operating performance 435 in a manner similar to condition monitoring and water saving goals and behaviours 440 can also be displayed on the user interface 400.
[306] Detecting water leakages during water usage monitoring by the electrical control system 225 in conjunction with measured water flow by the flow sensor and flow valve unit 220 can be configured by the user via the user interface 500. In one embodiment, the process of detecting water leakages is effectively based on comparing the measured water flow and a threshold value 540 that is obtained by one of four strategies that users can define. The strategies are classified into four groups: default, manual, learn and holiday.
[307] The water flow refers to either the real-time/averaged flow rate 520, or the cumulative/total flow 545 as defined by the user.
[308] In the default option, the user is able to adjust the type of threshold to consider, such as peak or average value 525, or a multiple/proportion of averaged flow rates. Furthermore, this value can be taken to consider the effect of time by averaging monthly peaks or quarterly peak of previously measured water flow. Alternatively, the threshold value may take the form of the maximum of water usage over the span of last quarter as a further example. The advantage of using a time based option is to account for differences in water consumption throughout the seasons in the year. Under the default option, the electrical control system would also adapt the threshold value to particular time ranges throughout the day as the premises would generally require only limited incoming water flow at night time as opposed to day time.
[309] Using the manual option 505, the user is given the opportunity to input into the electrical control system the threshold water flow, above which the electrical control system would automatically stop the incoming water for by closing the valve in the flow valve flow sensor unit 220. Separate threshold limits can be set for various time or date ranges. Alternately, threshold limits can be set for rates of change of pressure measured by a sensor.
[310] Using this manual option, if the threshold value inputted by the user is greater than the system expected value computed based on historical measured water flow, balloon like pop-ups would appear on the user interface 500 with an aim of providing the user with water saving advice 535.
[31 1 ] Using the learn option 510, the electrical control system is able to learn the water usage pattern based on previous user settings and as well as the measured water flow stored in the storage device in order to determine the present threshold value. Various artificial intelligence learning engines that are either heuristic or statistically based can be employed by the electrical control system. Examples of these include the artificial neural network, Bayesian learning and genetic algorithms for optimisation.
[312] The electrical control system can also take into consideration the possibility of user travel or holidays that would leave the premises unoccupied for an extensive period of time. Under such a scenario, the user is able to select an option holiday 515 in which the electrical control system would adjust the threshold value based on user travel dates.
[313] The different modes of operation of the control system presented here are merely just templates that can help the user to decide the most suitable threshold values such that the number of false alarms during system water flow monitoring is decreased while reducing unnecessary water consumption. Even though four templates have been described here, in reality many other strategies in setting the threshold value can be used and adapted into the electrical control system in order to achieve the best trade-off between false alarms and water usage specific to the user in the premises.
[314] It will be appreciated that where reference is made to particular times of day, as well as storage thereof, this will apply equally to dates. Similarly, the determination of threshold values from historical data can also include the determination of threshold values, for example as averages or medians or any other suitable statistical, for particular date ranges as well as time ranges. For example, the system could be able to determine that water usage should decrease during periods normally associated with holidays.
[315] Similarly, stored historical information or input data can be used to determine time ranges as well as date ranges.
[316] In this way, the electrical control system is adapted for receiving inputs or determining from historical data, indications of what threshold limits of water flows and/or water pressure should be for particular times ranges. For example, as illustrated in figure 10, the control system can determine that the flow rate occurring in specific parts of a house during a particular time range (say between 3 and 4 o'clock in the morning) falls outside of statistically normal parameters, and that the occurrence of such a flow rate is statistically significant, resulting in the generation of an audible warning signal, as well as the actuation of an alert signal.
[317] Threshold limits can be independently input or determined for water flows and/or water pressures in separate piping systems corresponding to the flow control valve and sensors for those piping systems.
[318] In one embodiment, the control system is configured to actuate an alert signal in the form of an e-mail or text message sent to a mobile phone.
[319] Using the modes described above, it is anticipated that time period limits maybe set or determined from historical barter at which water flow rates and/or water pressures can be continuously measured at. For example, if a particular water flow rate is detected that carries on continuously for more than an hour, the system can be set to shut the flow valve and actuate an alert signal.
[320] Similarly, one or more flow veils can be shut down, or an alert signal actuated, if water pressures, flow volumes or flow rates exceed threshold limits that have been input or determined from historical data in the event that water flows and/or water pressures exceed predetermined threshold limits.
[321 ] The control system can also operate to determine a rate of change of pressure detected by a sensor. A sudden drop in the pressure in a pipe can indicate the bursting of the pipe. If the rate of change of pressure is above or below a particular threshold limit, this can indicate that a pipe has burst. The electrical control system can then trigger either the closure of a valve, or the actuation of a visual or an audible alarm signal.
[322] It is anticipated that at any stage when the controls system has actuated an alert signal or actuated the restriction of a flow at a flow valve, the system will preferably present an option of overriding the control system to a user. On receiving a user input, for example an input on a touchscreen, the control system will preferably revert operation of the flow valve(s) to their previous state. It is also anticipated that the control system can present a complete shutdown option to a user, which if actuated by the user will result in a complete closure of all flow valves controlled by the control system.
[323] In a preferred embodiment, it is anticipated that the electrical control system will be configured for being controlled remotely. For example, operation of a mobile electronic device such as a smartphone may operate through a dedicated control application to manually override the control system, input threshold limits into the digital storage media, or carry out any other input described herein.
[324] In another preferred embodiment, it is envisaged that by using the comparison of historical data against measurement signals received from the sensors, the electrical control system can detect information indicative of the condition of the flow valve. If example the condition of the flow valve indicates that the valve is leaking, then an alert signal can be actuated. P
Computing device
[325] Referring also to Fig. 6, a computing device 600 on which the electrical control system and the user interface described may be implemented. It should be noted that the computing device 600 may take on differing configurations in the implementation of controlling water flow.
[326] Furthermore, the steps of the method of controlling water flow described above may be implemented as computer program code instructions executable by one or more computing devices 600. The computer program code instructions may be divided into one or more computer program code instruction libraries, such as dynamic link libraries (DLL), wherein each of the libraries performs a one or more steps of the method. Additionally, a subset of the one or more of the libraries may perform graphical user interface tasks relating to the steps of the method.
[327] The device 600 comprises semiconductor memory 610 comprising volatile memory such as random access memory (RAM) or read only memory (ROM). The memory 610 may comprise either RAM or ROM or a combination of RAM and ROM.
[328] The device 600 comprises a computer program code storage medium reader 630 for reading the computer program code instructions from computer program code storage media 620. The storage media 620 may be optical media such as CD-ROM disks, magnetic media such as floppy disks and tape cassettes or flash media such as USB memory sticks.
[329] The device further comprises I/O interface 640 for communicating with one or more peripheral devices. The I/O interface 640 may offer both serial and parallel interface connectivity. For example, the I/O interface 640 may comprise a Small Computer
System Interface (SCSI), Universal Serial Bus (USB) or similar I/O interface for interfacing with the storage medium reader 230. The I/O interface 240 may also communicate with one or more human input devices (HID) 660 such as keyboards, touch screens, pointing devices, joysticks and the like. The I/O interface 640 may also comprise a computer to computer interface, such as a Recommended Standard
232 (RS-232) interface, for interfacing the device 600 with one or more personal computer (PC) devices 690. The I/O interface 640 may also comprise an audio interface for communicate audio signals to one or more audio devices 655, such as a speaker or a buzzer.
[330] The device 600 also comprises a network interface 670 for communicating with one or more computer networks 680. The network 680 may be a wired network, such as a wired EthernetTM network or a wireless network, such as a BluetoothTM network or IEEE 802.1 1 network. The network 680 may be a local area network (LAN), such as a home or office computer network, or a wide area network (WAN), such as the Internet or private WAN. [331 ] The device 600 comprises an arithmetic logic unit or processor 605 for performing the computer program code instructions. The processor 605 may be a reduced instruction set computer (RISC) or complex instruction set computer (CISC) processor or the like. The device 600 further comprises a storage device 645, such as a magnetic disk hard drive or a solid state disk drive.
[332] Computer program code instructions may be loaded into the storage device 645 from the storage media 620 using the storage medium reader 630 or from the network 680 using network interface 670. During the bootstrap phase, an operating system and one or more software applications are loaded from the storage device 645 into the memory 610. During the fetch-decode-execute cycle, the processor 605 fetches computer program code instructions from memory 610, decodes the instructions into machine code, executes the instructions and stores one or more intermediate results in memory 600.
[333] In this manner, the instructions stored in the memory 610, when retrieved and executed by the processor 605, may configure the computing device 600 as a special-purpose machine that may perform the functions described herein
[334] The device 600 also comprises a video interface 615 for conveying video signals to a display device6, such as a liquid crystal display (LCD), cathode-ray tube (CRT), touchscreen device or similar display device.
[335] The device 600 also comprises a communication bus subsystem 650 for interconnecting the various devices described above. The bus subsystem 650 may offer parallel connectivity such as Industry Standard Architecture (ISA), conventional Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) and the like or serial connectivity such as PCI Express (PCIe), Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (Serial ATA) and the like.
Interpretation
In accordance with:
[336] As described herein, 'in accordance with' may also mean 'as a function of and is not necessarily limited to the integers specified in relation thereto.
Database:
[337] [01 16] In the context of this document, the term "database" and its derivatives may be used to describe a single database, a set of databases, a system of databases or the like. The system of databases may comprise a set of databases wherein the set of databases may be stored on a single implementation or span across multiple implementations. The term "database" is also not limited to refer to a certain database format rather may refer to any database format. For example, database formats may include MySQL, MySQLi , XML or the like. Processes:
[338] Unless specifically stated otherwise, as apparent from the following discussions, it is appreciated that throughout the specification discussions utilizing terms such as "processing", "computing", "calculating", "determining", "analysing" or the like, refer to the action and/or processes of a computer or computing system, or similar electronic computing device, that manipulate and/or transform data represented as physical, such as electronic, quantities into other data similarly represented as physical quantities.
Processor:
[339] In a similar manner, the term "processor" may refer to any device or portion of a device that processes electronic data, e.g., from registers and/or memory to transform that electronic data into other electronic data that, e.g., may be stored in registers and/or memory. A "computer" or a "computing device" or a "computing machine" or a "computing platform" may include one or more processors.
[340] The methodologies described herein are, in one embodiment, performable by one or more processors that accept computer-readable (also called machine-readable) code containing a set of instructions that when executed by one or more of the processors carry out at least one of the methods described herein. Any processor capable of executing a set of instructions (sequential or otherwise) that specify actions to be taken are included. Thus, one example is a typical processing system that includes one or more processors. The processing system further may include a memory subsystem including main RAM and/or a static RAM, and/or ROM.
Computer-Readable Medium:
[341 ] Furthermore, a computer-readable carrier medium may form, or be included in a computer program product. A computer program product can be stored on a computer usable carrier medium, the computer program product comprising a computer readable program means for causing a processor to perform a method as described herein.
Additional Embodiments:
[342] Thus, one embodiment of each of the methods described herein is in the form of a computer-readable carrier medium carrying a set of instructions, e.g., a computer program that are for execution on one or more processors. Thus, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be embodied as a method, an apparatus such as a special purpose apparatus, an apparatus such as a data processing system, or a computer-readable carrier medium. The computer-readable carrier medium carries computer readable code including a set of instructions that when executed on one or more processors cause a processor or processors to implement a method. Accordingly, aspects of the present invention may take the form of a method, an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of carrier medium (e.g., a computer program product on a computer-readable storage medium) carrying computer-readable program code embodied in the medium.
Carrier Medium:
[343] The software may further be transmitted or received over a network via a network interface device. While the carrier medium is shown in an example embodiment to be a single medium, the term "carrier medium" should be taken to include a single medium or multiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and/or associated caches and servers) that store the one or more sets of instructions. The term "carrier medium" shall also be taken to include any medium that is capable of storing, encoding or carrying a set of instructions for execution by one or more of the processors and that cause the one or more processors to perform any one or more of the methodologies of the present invention. A carrier medium may take many forms, including but not limited to, non-volatile media, volatile media, and transmission media. Implementation:
[344] It will be understood that the steps of methods discussed are performed in one embodiment by an appropriate processor (or processors) of a processing (i.e., computer) system executing instructions (computer-readable code) stored in storage.
It will also be understood that the invention is not limited to any particular implementation or programming technique and that the invention may be implemented using any appropriate techniques for implementing the functionality described herein. The invention is not limited to any particular programming language or operating system.
Means For Carrying out a Method or Function
[345] Furthermore, some of the embodiments are described herein as a method or combination of elements of a method that can be implemented by a processor of a processor device, computer system, or by other means of carrying out the function. Thus, a processor with the necessary instructions for carrying out such a method or element of a method forms a means for carrying out the method or element of a method. Furthermore, an element described herein of an apparatus embodiment is an example of a means for carrying out the function performed by the element for the purpose of carrying out the invention.
Connected
[346] Similarly, it is to be noticed that the term connected, when used in the claims, should not be interpreted as being limitative to direct connections only. Thus, the scope of the expression a device A connected to a device B should not be limited to devices or systems wherein an output of device A is directly connected to an input of device B. It means that there exists a path between an output of A and an input of B which may be a path including other devices or means. "Connected" may mean that two or more elements are either in direct physical or electrical contact, or that two or more elements are not in direct contact with each other but yet still co-operate or interact with each other.
Embodiments:
[347] Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention.
Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but may. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art from this disclosure, in one or more embodiments.
[348] Similarly it should be appreciated that in the above description of example embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects. This method of disclosure, however, is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed invention requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the Detailed Description of Specific Embodiments are hereby expressly incorporated into this Detailed Description of Specific Embodiments, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this invention.
[349] Furthermore, while some embodiments described herein include some but not other features included in other embodiments, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention, and form different embodiments, as would be understood by those in the art. For example, in the following claims, any of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.
Different Instances of Objects
[350] As used herein, unless otherwise specified the use of the ordinal adjectives "first", "second", "third", etc., to describe a common object, merely indicate that different instances of like objects are being referred to, and are not intended to imply that the objects so described must be in a given sequence, either temporally, spatially, in ranking, or in any other manner.
Specific Details
[351 ] In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. However, it is understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Terminology
[352] In describing the preferred embodiment of the invention illustrated in the drawings, specific terminology will be resorted to for the sake of clarity. However, the invention is not intended to be limited to the specific terms so selected, and it is to be understood that each specific term includes all technical equivalents which operate in a similar manner to accomplish a similar technical purpose. Terms such as "forward", "rearward", "radially", "peripherally", "upwardly", "downwardly", and the like are used as words of convenience to provide reference points and are not to be construed as limiting terms.
Comprising and Including
[353] In the claims which follow and in the preceding description of the invention, except where the context requires otherwise due to express language or necessary implication, the word "comprise" or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising" are used in an inclusive sense, i.e. to specify the presence of the stated features but not to preclude the presence or addition of further features in various embodiments of the invention. [354] Any one of the terms: including or which includes or that includes as used herein is also an open term that also means including at least the elements/features that follow the term, but not excluding others. Thus, including is synonymous with and means comprising. Scope of Invention
[355] Thus, while there has been described what are believed to be the preferred embodiments of the invention, those skilled in the art will recognize that other and further modifications may be made thereto without departing from the spirit of the invention, and it is intended to claim all such changes and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention. For example, any formulas given above are merely representative of procedures that may be used. Functionality may be added or deleted from the block diagrams and operations may be interchanged among functional blocks. Steps may be added or deleted to methods described within the scope of the present invention.
[356] Although the invention has been described with reference to specific examples, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in many other forms.
Industrial Applicability
[357] It is apparent from the above, that the arrangements described are applicable to the water industries.

Claims

Claims
The claims defining the invention are as follows:
1) A control system for controlling water flow, the system comprising:
a) a receiver configured for operational coupling to at least one or more flow sensor for receiving a measurement signal,
b) a transmitter configured for operational coupling to a flow valve to control the flow valve;
c) a processor for processing information according to stored instructions;
d) digital storage media configured for storing instructions;
e) and wherein the digital instructions are configured for directing the processor for i) receiving measurement signals from the sensor;
ii) determining threshold values against which received measurement signals may be compared;
iii) comparing the measurement signals to the determined threshold values, and iv) controlling the at least one flow valve in accordance with the result of the comparison.
2) A control system as claimed in claim 1 ), wherein the digital instructions are configured for directing the processor for:
a) storing the received measurement signals as historical data; and
b) determining the threshold values from the stored historical data.
3) A control system as claimed in any of claims 1 ) to 2), wherein the digital instructions are configured for directing the processor for:
a) determining the threshold values for one or more selected from a particular time of day, and a range of time in a day.
4) A control system as claimed in any of claims 1 ) to 3), wherein the digital instructions are configured for directing the processor for:
a) determining the threshold values for one or more selected from a particular time of day, and a range of time in a day by
i) determining the current time; and ii) comparing the current time to predetermined time ranges to retrieve threshold values.
A control system as claimed in any of claims 1 ) to 2), wherein the digital instructions are configured for directing the processor for
a) determining the threshold values from the stored historical data for one or more selected from a particular time of day, and a range of time in a day.
A control system as claimed in claim 1), wherein:
a) the control system is configured for being operably coupled to:
i) at least one or more sensor configured for measuring one or more selected from water flow rate and water pressure and transmitting measurement signals to the electrical control system; and
ii) at least one or more flow valve operably coupled to the flow sensor, wherein in use, the flow valve is adapted to control the water flow through the flow valve in accordance with the flow rates and/or water pressure measured by the sensor; b) the control system is configured for storing received measurement signals as historical data; and
c) the the digital instructions are configured for directing the processor for
i) comparing current measurement signals to a threshold value obtained from historical data, and
ii) controlling the at least one flow valve in accordance with the result of the comparison.
A system as claimed in claim 6), wherein the system further comprises said at least one or more sensor and said at least one or more flow valve.
A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 7), wherein the sensor is configured to transmit a measurement signal indicative of the one or more selected from water flow rate, cumulative water volume, water pressure and rate of change of water pressure.
A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 8), wherein the electrical control system comprises any one or more selected from:
a) a receiver operably coupled to the flow sensor for receiving the measurement signal, b) a user interface configured for receiving user information; c) a display unit for displaying information in accordance with the measured water flow and/or threshold values, and
d) a transmitter operably coupled to the flow valve to control the flow valve.
10) A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 9), wherein the control system includes a clock and/or date generation device, and/or is configured to receive a signal from a date generation device indicative of the current date and/or time.
1 1 ) A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 10), wherein the electrical control system comprises digital storage media configured for storing software instructions.
12) A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 1 1 ), wherein the electrical control system comprises stored software instructions.
13) A system as claimed in claim 12), wherein the electrical control system is configured for being guided by the software instructions to carry out control steps.
14) A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 13), wherein the control system is configured for receiving a threshold value for one or more selected from
a) the measured water flow;
b) water pressure; and
c) rate of change of water pressure;
d) measured cumulative water volume.
15) A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 14), wherein the control system is configured for receiving an input threshold value as an input.
16) A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 15), wherein the electrical control system further comprises a memory device configured for storing historical data.
17) A system as claimed in any of claims 6) to16), wherein the control system is configured for analysing the historical data to determine the threshold value.
18) A system as claimed in claim 17), wherein the electrical control system is configured to analyse the historical data to determine a threshold value from one or more selected from:
a) peak water flow rates;
b) water flow rates;
c) peak low water pressures;
d) rates of change of water pressure; e) periods of continuous water flow;
f) average periods of continuous water flow;
g) maximum periods of continuous water flow;
h) peak continuous cumulative volumes
i) average continuous cumulative volumes;
j) peak high water pressures;
k) water pressures; and
I) any of the above averaged over one or more selected from a predetermined and input time ranges.
A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 18), wherein the threshold value is determined for a predetermined or input range of time.
A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 18), wherein the control system is configured for comparing the received threshold value to the measurement signal from the sensor, or a manipulation thereof.
A system as claimed in claim 20), wherein the manipulation of the measurement signal is an integration of the measurement signal over time, or an averaging of the measurement signal over time.
A system as claimed in claim 20), wherein the manipulation of the measurement signal is an integration of the measurement signal over current time, or an averaging of the measurement signal over current time.
A system as claimed in any one of claims 20) to 22), wherein the software instructions are configured for controlling at least one or more flow valve is in accordance with the comparison.
A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 23), wherein the electrical control system comprises a visual display device for displaying information about the system.
A system as claimed in any one of claims 9) to 24), wherein, in use, the electrical control system is adapted for controlling the flow valve in accordance with input information received from the user interface.
A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 25), wherein the flow sensor and the flow valve form an integral unit. A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 26), wherein the electrical control system is further adapted to detect water leakage based on the measured water flow and one or more selected from the threshold value and the measurement signal.
A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 27), wherein the measurement signal comprises a flow rate.
A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 28), wherein the measured water flow comprises cumulative water flow volume.
A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 29), wherein the threshold value comprises a predetermined multiple of time averaged stored flow information.
A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 30), wherein the threshold value comprises a time averaged maximum of stored flow information.
A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 31 ), wherein the electrical control system is adapted to learn patterns from stored historical data to determine the threshold value.
A system as claimed in any one of claims 6)to 32), wherein the electrical control system is adapted to determine the threshold value based on user travel information.
A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 33), wherein the electrical control system is adapted to determine the threshold value based on time information.
A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 34), wherein the electrical control system is adapted to calculate potential water savings from the historical data.
A system as claimed in claim 35), wherein the electrical control system is adapted to provide water saving recommendation.
A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 36), wherein the electrical control system is adapted to detect information on a condition of the flow valve.
A system as claimed in claim 37), wherein the electrical control system is adapted to present information on a condition of the flow valve.
A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 38), wherein the electrical control system is adapted for receiving threshold value inputs indicative of maximum limits of water flows and/or water pressures for set time ranges.
A system as claimed in claim 39), wherein the electrical control system is adapted for comparing water flows to threshold values for the time ranges. 41 ) A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 40), wherein the electrical control system is adapted for actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal based on the result of the comparison of the threshold value and the measurement signal in the event that the compared water flows and/or water pressures exceed threshold limits set for particular time ranges.
42) A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 41 ), wherein the electrical control system is adapted for receiving a threshold value setting maximum time limits for the continuous flow of water.
43) A system as claimed in claim 42), wherein the electrical control system is adapted for comparing the time periods over which water flows continuously to the threshold value.
44) A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 43), wherein the electrical control system is adapted for receiving and/or determining the rate of change of water pressure, and comparing the rate of change of water pressure to a threshold value. 45) A system as claimed in claim 44), wherein the electrical control system is adapted for closing the flow valve in the event that the rate of change of water pressure exceeds the threshold value.
46) A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 45), wherein the electrical control system is configured for receiving an override input via the user interface, to thereby allow manual control of one or more flow valves.
47) A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 46), wherein the electrical control system is configured for being remotely controlled via a mobile electronic device via a wireless network.
48) A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 47), wherein the electrical control system is configured for controlling a plurality of flow valves simultaneously.
49) A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 48), wherein the electrical control system is configured for providing a schematic display of a piping system and flow valves, together with an indication of one or more selected from flow rates and water pressure, via the display.
50) A system as claimed in any one of claims 6) to 49), wherein the electrical control system is configured for receiving as safety shutdown signal to stop all water flow through the flow valves it controls.
51) A method for controlling water flow, the method comprising the steps of: a) receiving measurement signals from at least one or more sensor;
b) determining threshold values against which received measurement signals can be compared;
c) comparing the measurement signals to the determined threshold values, and d) controlling at least one flow valve in accordance with the result of the comparison.
52) A method as claimed in claim 51 ), wherein the method comprises the steps of:
a) storing the received measurement signals as historical data; and
b) determining the threshold values from the stored historical data.
53) A method as claimed in claim 51 ), wherein the method comprises the steps of:
a) determining the threshold values for one or more selected from a particular time of day, and a range of time in a day.
54) A method as claimed in claim 53), wherein the step of determining the threshold values for one or more selected from a particular time of day and a range of time in a day comprises the steps of:
i) determining the current time; and
ii) comparing the current time to predetermined time ranges to retrieve threshold values.
55) A method as claimed in claim 53), wherein the method comprises the steps of:
a) determining the threshold values from the stored historical data for one or more selected from a particular time of day, and a range of time in a day.
56) A method as claimed in claim 51), comprising the steps of
a) receiving a measurement signal indicative of one or more selected from water flow and water pressure from a flow sensor;
b) storing received measurement signals as historical data; and
c) comparing currently received measurement signals to historical data, and
d) controlling at least one flow valve in accordance with the result of the comparison.
57) A method as claimed in claim 56), wherein the method comprises the steps of determining a threshold value from the stored historical data.
58) A method as claimed in claim 57), wherein the method comprises the step of comparing the received measurement signal to the threshold value. 59) A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 58), wherein the method further comprises the step of receiving input user information from a user interface to determine a threshold value .
60) A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 59), wherein the method further comprises the step of displaying information in accordance with the comparison on a display device.
61 ) A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 60), wherein the method comprises the step of automatically closing the flow valve based on the result of the comparison between the measurement signal and the threshold value.
62) A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 61 ), wherein the method further comprises the step of actuating one or more selected from an audible signal and a visual signal based on the result of the comparison.
63) A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 62), wherein the electrical control system further comprises an audio input, and the method further comprises the step of receiving an audio signal and adapting it to an electrical signal.
64) A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 63), wherein the method comprises the step of controlling the at least one or more flow valves in accordance with user information received via the user interface.
65) A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 64), wherein the method comprises the step of determining a threshold value from the historical data by analysis of one or more selected from:
a) peak water flow rates;
b) water flow rates;
c) peak low water pressures;
d) rates of change of water pressure;
e) periods of continuous water flow;
f) average periods of continuous water flow;
g) maximum periods of continuous water flow;
h) peak continuous cumulative volumes
i) average continuous cumulative volumes;
j) peak high water pressures; k) water pressures; and
I) any of the above averaged over one or more selected from a predetermined and input time ranges.
66) A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 65), wherein the method comprises the step of detecting water leakage based on the comparison.
67) A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 66), wherein the method comprises the step of detecting patterns from stored historical data to determine the threshold.
68) A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 66), wherein the method comprises the step of determining the threshold from patterns detected in the stored historical data.
69) A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 68), wherein the method comprises the step of determining the threshold based on user travel information.
70) A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to69), wherein the method comprises the step of displaying daily water consumption averages on a display device.
71 ) A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 70), wherein the method comprises the step of presenting a visual display of current water flow and/or water pressure.
72) A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 71 ), wherein, wherein the method comprises the step of storing one or more selected from water flow rates, cumulative water volumes and water pressure measurements, together with the times during the day that the water flow measurements and/or water pressure measurements were received.
73) A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 72), wherein the method comprises the step of determining and/or receiving threshold values indicative of maximum limits of water flows and/or water pressures for particular times ranges in a day. 74) A method as claimed in claim 73), wherein the method comprises the step of comparing one or more selected from water flow rates, cumulative water volumes and water pressure measurements, to threshold limits for particular time ranges in a day.
75) A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 74), wherein the method comprises the step of receiving and/or determining threshold values as time period limits setting time limits for continuous flow rates and/or continuous water pressures at a sensor. A method as claimed in claim 75), wherein the method comprises the step of comparing the time periods for which continuous water flow rates measurement signals are received, to the received time period limits.
A method as claimed in claim 76), wherein the method comprises the step of closing the flow valve in the event that water flows continuously at predetermined flow rates for a time period longer than the received time period limits.
A method as claimed in claim 76), wherein the method comprises the step of actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that water flows continuously at predetermined flow rates for a time period longer than the received time period limits.
A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 78), wherein the method comprises the step of determining the rate of change of water pressure from the measurement signal.
A method as claimed in claim 79), wherein the method comprises the step of comparing the determined rate of change of water pressure to a threshold value.
A method as claimed in claim 80), wherein the method comprises the step of closing the flow valve in the event that the rate of change of water pressure meets or exceeds the threshold value.
A method as claimed in claim 80), wherein the method comprises the step of actuating one or more selected from a visual and an audible alert signal in the event that the rate of change of water pressure exceeds the threshold value.
A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 82), wherein the method comprises the step of receiving an override input via the user interface, to thereby allow manual control of one or more flow valves.
A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 83), wherein the method comprises the step of receiving remote control signals for the control of the electrical control system from a mobile electronic device.
A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 84), wherein the method comprises the step of independently controlling a plurality of flow valves simultaneously.
A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 85), wherein the method comprises the step of presenting a schematic display of a property's piping systems and flow valves, together with an indication of one or more selected from flow rates and water pressure, at the display device. 87) A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 86), wherein the method comprises the step of receiving a safety shutdown signal to stop all water flow through the flow valves it controls.
88) A method as claimed in any one of claims 56) to 86), wherein the method comprises the step of receiving a time signal from a time signal generating device, and using the time signal in the determination of the threshold value.
89) A method as claimed in claim 51), comprising the steps of:
i) receiving measurement signals from sensors relating to one or more selected from water flow rate and water pressure;
ii) determining one or more selected from the time of day or time range in a day in which the measurement signals were received;
iii) comparing the measurement signals to pre-determined threshold values for one or more selected from the time of day and the time range in a day in which the measurement signals were received, and
iv) controlling the at least one flow valve in accordance with the result of the comparison.
90) A method as claimed in claim 89), wherein the method comprises the step of:
a) storing received measurement signals as historical data.
91 ) A method as claimed in claim 90), wherein the method comprises the step of:
a) determining threshold values for particular times of day and/or time ranges in a day from the stored historical data.
92) A method as claimed in claim 89), wherein the method comprises the step of:
a) determining the threshold values for one or more selected from a particular time of day, and a range of time in a day by
i) determining the current time; and
ii) comparing the current time to predetermined time ranges to retrieve threshold values.
93) A method as claimed in claim 89), wherein the method comprises the steps of
a) providing a control system as claimed in any of claims 98) to 100).
94) A control system as claimed in claim 1), wherein the system comprises: a) a receiver configured for operational coupling to at least one or more flow sensor for receiving a measurement signal,
b) a transmitter configured for operational coupling to a flow valve to control the flow valve;
c) a processor for processing information according to stored instructions;
d) digital storage media configured for storing instructions;
e) wherein the instructions are configured for directing the processor for:
i) storing received measurement signals as historical data;
ii) comparing current measurement signals to a threshold value obtained from historical data, and
iii) controlling the at least one flow valve in accordance with the result of the comparison.
95) A control system as claimed in claim 94), wherein the instructions are configured for determining a threshold value from the stored historical data.
96) A control system as claimed in any one of claims 94) to 95), wherein the control system comprises a user interface configured for receiving user input information.
97) A control system as claimed in any one of claims 94) to 96), wherein the control system comprises a user interface configured for displaying information.
98) A control system as claimed in claim 1), wherein the system comprises:
a) a receiver configured for operational coupling to at least one or more flow sensor for receiving a measurement signal,
b) a transmitter configured for operational coupling to a flow valve to control the flow valve;
c) a processor for processing information according to stored instructions;
d) digital storage media configured for storing instructions;
e) wherein the digital instructions are configured for directing the processor for
i) receiving measurement signals from the sensor;
ii) determining one or more selected from the time of day or time range in a day in which the measurement signals were received; iii) comparing the measurement signals to pre-determined threshold values for one or more selected from the time of day and the time range in a day in which the measurement signals were received, and
iv) controlling the at least one flow valve in accordance with the result of the comparison.
99) A control system as claimed in claim 98), wherein the instructions are configured for directing the processor for
a) storing received measurement signals as historical data.
100) A control system as claimed in any one of claims 98) to 99), wherein the predetermined threshold values are determined from stored historical data received from the sensors.
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