WO2015137151A1 - 支援用具、および生体情報取得システム - Google Patents
支援用具、および生体情報取得システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015137151A1 WO2015137151A1 PCT/JP2015/055765 JP2015055765W WO2015137151A1 WO 2015137151 A1 WO2015137151 A1 WO 2015137151A1 JP 2015055765 W JP2015055765 W JP 2015055765W WO 2015137151 A1 WO2015137151 A1 WO 2015137151A1
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- finger
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- light
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Images
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a tool that supports the acquisition of biological information to which a sensor is attached.
- the present invention also relates to a system for acquiring biological information of a subject using the tool.
- Capillary refill time is a simple index for assessing the presence or absence of shock, and is widely used in the emergency medical field, such as judgment of the necessity of infusion and triage (priority assessment when many patients are injured) It is a technique. Specifically, a medical worker presses a living tissue such as a fingernail of a subject and visually confirms a change in the color of the nail or skin after releasing the pressure. If it returns to the original color within approximately 2 seconds, it is judged as normal. However, it is a technique in which a living tissue is pressed by hand and a change in skin color is visually confirmed, so that it lacks quantitativeness and an error by a measurer tends to occur.
- a pulse oximeter for measuring the refill time of capillaries.
- a support tool including an optical sensor and an actuator (solenoid or the like) is attached to the subject's fingertip (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- Light having a wavelength absorbed by blood is incident on a living tissue such as a fingertip, and the intensity of the light transmitted through the living tissue is measured by an optical sensor.
- the living tissue is pressed by the actuator, blood is excluded from the living tissue at the location, so that the intensity of transmitted light increases.
- the compression is released, blood is filled in the living tissue at the location, so that the intensity of transmitted light decreases.
- the capillary refill time is specified based on the time from when the pressure is released until the transmitted light intensity returns to the original level.
- an object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily reproduce a certain compression state when acquiring biological information accompanied by compression of biological tissue.
- a first aspect that the present invention can take is a tool that is attached to a finger of a subject to whom a sensor is attached and supports acquisition of biological information of the subject.
- a first support disposed on the first side of the subject's finger at the time of wearing and having an inner peripheral surface;
- a second support that is disposed on the second side of the subject's finger that is opposite to the first side at the time of wearing, and whose relative position with the first support is unchanged;
- a bag body made of a material more flexible than the first support body and the second support body, and at least a part of which is disposed along the inner peripheral surface;
- a passage forming portion for forming a fluid passage communicating with the inside of the bag body;
- the sensor is arranged between at least one of the subject's finger and the bag and between the subject's finger and the second support.
- the senor since the sensor is attached to the subject's finger outside the bag body, the relative position with the subject's finger does not change as the bag body expands and contracts. Therefore, even if the relative position of the support tool and the subject's finger changes every time the device is worn, it is possible to suppress the influence on the detection result by the sensor.
- the support tool can be reduced in size and weight, and the burden on the subject wearing the support tool can be suppressed. Furthermore, such a support tool can be provided at low cost.
- the biological information may include at least one of capillary refill time and blood substance concentration.
- the inner peripheral surface may extend in an arc shape.
- a pressurized state can be formed with a smaller volume change of the bag body as compared with a configuration in which the bag body is mounted on a flat inner peripheral surface.
- a pressurized state can be formed using a bag body having a smaller volume. That is, it is possible to quickly form a pressurized state while using a smaller air supply mechanism. The same effect can be obtained when the pressurized state is released due to the shrinkage of the bag. Therefore, the device can be reduced in size and cost can be reduced while making it possible to easily reproduce a certain compression state on the subject's finger.
- assistance part which assists fixation to a subject's finger
- the user can wear the support tool on the subject's finger using the fixed auxiliary portion as a guide.
- the fixing auxiliary part to the finger with a tape or the like as necessary, it is possible to prevent the displacement of the assisting tool relative to the finger during the measurement. Therefore, it is possible to more easily reproduce a certain pressure state on the finger. Thereby, the biometric information of the subject can be acquired with higher reproducibility.
- the fixing auxiliary part may have an elastic member surrounding a part of the subject's finger.
- the support tool can be fixed to the subject's finger without the need for an auxiliary fixing tool such as a tape.
- an auxiliary fixing tool such as a tape.
- the passage forming portion may be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the first support and may have a connection portion with a tube communicating with the fluid passage.
- the support tool can be attached to and detached from the tube. Thereby, it is not necessary to form the tube integrally with the bag body, and the manufacturing cost of the support tool is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to respond to a request to make only the support tool disposable while easily reproducing a certain compression state on the subject's finger.
- At least one of the passage forming portion and the connecting portion may be configured to be movable with respect to the first support.
- the passage forming portion is displaced following the movement, so that the displacement of the support tool due to body movement is prevented. Can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to more easily reproduce a certain pressure state on the subject's finger. Thereby, the biometric information of the subject can be acquired with higher reproducibility.
- a second aspect that the present invention can take is a tool that is attached to the subject's finger and assists in obtaining the biological information of the subject,
- a first support disposed on the first side of the subject's finger at the time of wearing and having an inner peripheral surface;
- a second support that is disposed on the second side of the subject's finger that is opposite to the first side at the time of wearing, and whose relative position with the first support is unchanged;
- a bag body made of a material more flexible than the first support body and the second support body, and at least a part of which is disposed along the inner peripheral surface;
- a passage forming portion for forming a fluid passage communicating with the inside of the bag body; At the time of wearing, it is disposed between at least one of the subject's finger and the bag and between the subject's finger and the second support, and outputs a signal corresponding to the subject's biological information.
- a sensor It has.
- the biological information may include at least one of capillary refill time and blood substance concentration.
- a tube connected to the passage forming portion and having higher flexibility than the first support and the second support;
- the tube An air passage that communicates with the passage forming portion and forms a part of the fluid passage;
- a signal line accommodating portion for accommodating a signal line electrically connected to the sensor; It is good also as a structure provided with.
- a tube connected to the passage forming portion and having higher flexibility than the first support and the second support is provided.
- the tube An air passage that communicates with the passage forming portion and forms a part of the fluid passage;
- a signal line holding unit that detachably holds a signal line electrically connected to the sensor; It is good also as a structure provided with.
- the electric cable and the ventilation hose can be combined into a single line.
- the position shift of the assistance tool by body movement etc. can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to more easily reproduce a certain pressure state on the subject's finger. Thereby, the biometric information of the subject can be acquired with higher reproducibility.
- a third aspect of the present invention is a biological information acquisition system, A support device worn on the subject's finger; A sensor that is attached to the subject's finger and outputs a signal corresponding to the biological information of the subject; An information acquisition unit for acquiring the biological information based on a signal output from the sensor; An information output unit for outputting the information acquired by the information acquisition unit;
- the support tool is: A first support disposed on the first side of the subject's finger at the time of wearing and having an inner peripheral surface; A second support that is disposed on the second side of the subject's finger that is opposite to the first side at the time of wearing, and whose relative position with the first support is unchanged; A bag body made of a material more flexible than the first support body and the second support body, and at least a part of which is disposed along the inner peripheral surface; A passage forming portion for forming a fluid passage communicating with the inside of the bag body; With At the time of wearing the support tool, the sensor is disposed between at least one of the subject
- the pressure adjusting unit may include an electric pump.
- the support device may include a switch that is activated when the subject's finger is worn.
- the biological information acquisition system includes a control unit that drives the electric pump in accordance with the operation of the switch.
- the pressurization operation by the electric pump can be automatically started by attaching the support tool to the subject's finger. Further, when the support tool is not mounted at an appropriate position with respect to the subject's finger, the pressurizing operation by the electric pump can be prevented from starting. Alternatively, when the support tool is displaced from an appropriate position with respect to the subject's finger during measurement, the pressurizing operation by the electric pump can be stopped. Therefore, it is possible to more easily reproduce a certain pressure state on the subject's finger. Thereby, acquisition of a subject's living body information can be performed more correctly and reproducibly.
- the biological information acquisition system may include a power supply monitoring unit that monitors power supply capability from a power supply to the electric pump.
- the power monitoring unit causes the pressure adjusting unit to stop driving the electric pump when the power supply capability falls below a predetermined value.
- the desired compression state on the subject's finger may not be obtained. According to said structure, it can avoid the situation where a measurement is performed in such a state and inaccurate biometric information of a subject is acquired. Therefore, it is possible to acquire the subject's biological information more accurately and with good reproducibility while easily reproducing a certain compression state on the subject's finger.
- the pressure adjusting unit may include a mechanism for manually adjusting the volume of the fluid.
- the configuration of the pressure adjustment unit can be simplified, and the device can be reduced in size and weight.
- manual biometric information can be acquired even when the power supply capability of the power source to the electric pump becomes insufficient.
- the power source is a battery, it is possible to save power by executing manual biometric information acquisition as necessary. Accordingly, it is possible to measure the biological information of the subject according to the situation while easily reproducing a certain compression state on the subject's finger.
- the biological information acquisition system includes: A pressure sensor for detecting the pressure applied to the subject's finger; A sound output unit that outputs sound according to the pressure; It is good also as a structure provided with.
- the user can easily grasp whether the subject's finger is in a compressed state.
- the user when pressurizing the bag manually, the user can use the sound output from the sound output unit as a guideline for forming a desired compressed state. Therefore, it is possible to acquire the subject's biological information accurately and with good reproducibility while more easily reproducing a certain pressure state on the subject's finger.
- the sensor is A light emitting unit that emits first light having a first wavelength and second light having a second wavelength; A light receiving unit that outputs a first signal and a second signal, respectively, according to the intensity of the first light and the second light that have passed or reflected through the subject's finger; With The information acquisition unit A first dimming degree obtaining unit for obtaining a dimming degree of the first light based on the first signal and obtaining a dimming degree of the second light based on the second signal; A second dimming degree acquisition unit for acquiring a dimming degree derived from blood based on the dimming degree of the first light and the dimming degree of the second light; Capillary refill time specifying unit for specifying the capillary refill time to the biological tissue of the finger based on the change over time of the blood-derived attenuation due to the compression of the subject's finger by the bag, It is good also as a structure provided with.
- the measurement of the subject's capillary refill time can be performed quantitatively and It can be performed with good reproducibility.
- the light emitting unit emits third light having a third wavelength;
- the light receiving unit outputs a third signal according to the intensity of the third light that has passed or reflected through the subject's finger,
- the first wavelength and the second wavelength are wavelengths absorbed by hemoglobin,
- the third wavelength is a wavelength having a larger absorption by water than absorption by hemoglobin,
- the information acquisition unit It is good also as a structure which acquires the information which concerns on the test subject's biological tissues other than the blood based on the time-dependent change of the said 3rd signal accompanying at least compression of the test subject's finger
- the sensor is A light emitting unit that emits light having different wavelengths of N (N is an integer of 3 or more); A light receiving unit that outputs N types of signals according to the intensity of the N types of light that has passed or reflected through the finger of the subject; With The information acquisition unit A first dimming degree acquisition unit for acquiring N dimming levels based on the N types of signals; A second attenuation that obtains a maximum (N-1) blood-derived attenuation based on the two (N-1) combinations related to the maximum (N-1) combinations selected from the N types of attenuation.
- a constant compression state on the subject's finger can be easily reproduced by inflating the bag, so that the measurement of the substance concentration in the subject's blood can be quantitatively and reproduced. It can be done with good quality.
- the blood substance concentration output by the information output unit may be performed in a state where the finger of the subject is not pressed by the bag. In this case, while the subject's finger is pressed by the bag, the information output unit stops outputting the substance concentration in blood or maintains the output value before pressurization.
- the biological information acquisition system may include a control unit that operates the pressure adjusting unit at a predetermined interval.
- the bag body can be automatically inflated every time a predetermined time elapses to press the subject's finger. At that time, since a certain compressed state can be easily reproduced, for example, the patient's therapeutic effect and the tendency of deterioration of the patient in an operation or in an intensive care unit (ICU) can be automatically and accurately confirmed.
- ICU intensive care unit
- the biological information acquisition system includes: A switch for starting the operation of the pressure adjusting unit; A prohibition control unit that disables the operation of the switch until a predetermined time elapses after the compression of the finger of the subject by the bag is released; It is good also as a structure provided with.
- the biological information of the subject obtained through the compression performed by the operation may lack accuracy. According to the above configuration, it is possible to prevent the next measurement from being performed before the finger of the subject whose pressure has been released is restored to the original state. Therefore, it is possible to acquire the subject's biological information more accurately and with good reproducibility while easily reproducing a certain compression state on the subject's finger.
- the predetermined time may be variable based on an operating state of the pressure adjusting unit.
- the biological information acquisition system may include a pressure sensor that detects an internal pressure of the bag.
- the pressure adjusting unit adjusts the volume of the fluid in the bag so that the internal pressure becomes a target value based on the detection result of the pressure sensor.
- the pressure applied to the subject's finger may differ depending on the shape of the subject's finger and the mounting position of the sensor and the support tool. According to the above configuration, it is possible to grasp how much pressure is actually applied to the subject's finger. Therefore, a constant compression state can be easily reproduced regardless of the shape of the subject's finger and the mounting position of the sensor and the support tool. Thereby, acquisition of a subject's living body information can be performed more correctly and reproducibly.
- FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along line XIV-XIV in FIG. 13. It is a perspective view which shows 6th Embodiment of the said assistance tool. It is a perspective view which shows 7th Embodiment of the said assistance tool.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a biological information acquisition system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the biological information acquisition system 1 includes a sensor 2, a support tool 3, and a biological information acquisition device 4.
- the sensor 2 is mounted on the subject's finger 5 and configured to output a signal corresponding to the subject's biological information.
- the support tool 3 is a tool that is attached to the finger 5 of the subject to which the sensor 2 is attached and supports the acquisition of biological information.
- the biological information acquisition device 4 includes an information acquisition unit 41.
- the information acquisition unit 41 is configured to acquire the biological information of the subject based on the signal output from the sensor 2.
- the biological information acquisition device 4 includes an information output unit 42.
- the information output unit 42 is configured to output the information acquired by the information acquisition unit 41.
- the support tool 3 includes a first support 31.
- the first support 31 is disposed on the nail side 5 a (an example of the first side) of the finger 5 when the support tool 3 is attached to the subject's finger 5.
- the support tool 3 includes a second support 32.
- the second support 32 is arranged on the ventral side 5b (an example of the second side) of the finger 5 when the support tool 3 is attached to the subject's finger 5. That is, the second support 32 is disposed on the opposite side of the first support 31 with the finger 5 interposed therebetween.
- the first support 31 and the second support 32 are formed of, for example, a hard resin. Thereby, the relative position of the first support 31 and the second support 32 is unchanged.
- the support tool 3 includes a bag 33.
- the bag 33 is formed of a material that is more flexible than the first support 31 and the second support 32. Examples of the material include soft resin and rubber.
- the bag 33 is disposed along the inner peripheral surface 31 a of the first support 31.
- the sensor 2 is disposed between the subject's finger 5, the second support 32 and the bag 33.
- the support tool 3 includes a ventilation tube 34 (an example of a passage forming portion).
- the ventilation tube 34 forms an air passage (an example of a fluid passage) that communicates with the inside of the bag body 33.
- the biological information acquisition device 4 includes a pressure adjustment unit 43.
- the pressure adjusting unit 43 is configured to adjust the pressure applied to the subject's finger 5 by adjusting the volume of air in the bag 33 through the ventilation tube 34.
- the volume of air in the bag 33 is increased by the pressure adjusting unit 43 sending air into the bag 33 through the ventilation tube 34.
- the bag 33 formed of a flexible material is expanded, and the finger 5 of the subject is pressed together with the sensor 2.
- the pressure applied to the finger 5 is not less than the maximum arterial blood pressure (about 200 mmHg) of the subject in order to exclude blood.
- the volume of the air in the bag 33 decreases as the pressure adjusting unit 43 draws out the air in the bag 33 through the ventilation tube 34. Thereby, the bag 33 is contracted to the original state shown in FIG. 1, and the compressed state of the subject's finger 5 is released.
- the output signal from the sensor 2 changes between the compression state and the compression release state.
- the information acquisition unit 41 of the biological information acquisition device 4 acquires the biological information of the subject based on the change in the output signal.
- the acquired information is provided to a user such as a medical worker through the information output unit 42.
- the pressure on the subject's finger 5 is compressed by the expansion of the bag 33 formed of a flexible material, so that a uniform compression force can be applied non-locally. Therefore, even if the relative position of the support tool 3 and the subject's finger 5 changes every time the device is worn, it is possible to prevent the influence from reaching the compressed state.
- the relative position of the sensor 2 with the subject's finger 5 does not change as the bag 33 expands and contracts. Therefore, even if the relative position of the support tool 3 and the subject's finger 5 changes each time it is worn, it is possible to suppress the influence on the detection result by the sensor 2.
- the support tool 3 can be reduced in size and weight, and the burden on the subject wearing the support tool 3 can be suppressed. Furthermore, such a support tool 3 can be provided at low cost.
- the sensor 2 includes a light emitting unit 21.
- the light emitting unit 21 is attached to the nail side 5a of the finger 5 of the subject.
- the light emitting unit 21 is configured to emit first light having a first wavelength ⁇ 1 and second light having a second wavelength ⁇ 2.
- the light emitting unit 21 includes a light emitting element that emits red light of 660 nm as an example of the first wavelength ⁇ 1, and a light emitting element that emits infrared light of 940 nm as an example of the second wavelength ⁇ 2.
- Each light emitting element emits light at a predetermined timing in accordance with a control signal from the information acquisition unit 41 of the biological information acquisition device 4. Examples of the light emitting element include a light emitting diode (LED) and a laser diode. The emitted first light and second light are incident on the finger 5 of the subject.
- LED light emitting diode
- the sensor 2 includes a light receiving unit 22.
- the light receiving unit 22 is attached to the ventral side 5b of the finger 5 of the subject.
- the light receiving unit 22 is disposed at a position where the first light and the second light that have passed through the finger 5 can be received.
- the light receiving unit 22 is configured to output a first signal S1 corresponding to the intensity I1 of the received first light and a second signal S2 corresponding to the intensity I2 of the received second light.
- An example of an element that functions as the light receiving unit 22 is a photodiode.
- Signals S ⁇ b> 1 and S ⁇ b> 2 output from the light receiving unit 22 are input to the information acquisition unit 41 of the biological information acquisition device 4.
- the information acquisition unit 41 can include a first dimming level acquisition unit 411.
- the first dimming level acquisition unit 411 is configured to acquire the dimming level A1 of the first light based on the first signal S1, and to acquire the dimming level A2 of the second light based on the second signal S2. ing.
- the dimming levels A1 and A2 are the ratios of the received light amount at a certain time (for example, before compression of the biological tissue) and the received light amount at another time (for example, during compression of the biological tissue) of the first signal S1 and the second signal S2, respectively.
- Io1 and Io2 indicate the amount of received light at a reference time (for example, before compression of a living tissue), and I1 and I2 indicate the amount of received light during measurement.
- Subscript 1 represents the first light
- subscript 2 represents the second light.
- the information acquisition unit 41 may include a second dimming level acquisition unit 412.
- the second dimming degree acquisition unit 412 is configured to acquire the blood-derived dimming degree Ab based on the first light and the second light dimming levels A1 and A2 acquired by the first dimming level acquisition unit 411. Has been. Specifically, the blood-derived dimming degree Ab is acquired based on the difference between the dimming degree A1 and the dimming degree A2. The principle of this processing will be described in detail below.
- E is the extinction coefficient (dl g -1 cm -1 )
- Hb is the hemoglobin concentration (g dl -1 )
- Z is the extinction rate (cm -1 ) of tissues other than blood
- D is the changed thickness ( cm).
- Subscript b represents blood
- subscript t represents tissue other than blood
- subscript 1 represents first light
- subscript 2 represents second light.
- the values of the light attenuation levels A1 and A2 do not return to the levels before the start of the compression, and it can be seen that the deformation of tissues other than blood has an effect.
- the difference value (A2-A1) of light attenuation that is, the blood-derived light attenuation Ab, converges to the level before the start of compression after the pressure is released. That is, the influence of deformation of tissues other than blood can be removed only by a simple calculation operation of obtaining the difference between the dimming degrees obtained by irradiating the tissues with light of different wavelengths.
- the information acquisition unit 41 can include a capillary refill time specifying unit 413.
- the information acquisition unit 41 inputs a signal ST indicating the capillary refill time T specified by the capillary refill time specifying unit 413 to the information output unit 42.
- the information output unit 42 outputs the capillary refill time T in an appropriate manner according to the signal ST. Examples of the output mode include display by at least one of a numerical value, a color, and a symbol corresponding to the capillary refill time T, and output of sound corresponding to the capillary refill time T.
- the light emitting unit 21 of the sensor 2 is configured to emit the third light having the third wavelength ⁇ 3 in addition to the first light having the first wavelength ⁇ 1 and the second light having the second wavelength ⁇ 2. May be.
- the first wavelength ⁇ 1 and the second wavelength ⁇ 2 are wavelengths that are absorbed by hemoglobin
- the third wavelength ⁇ 3 is a wavelength that is more absorbed by water than by hemoglobin.
- An example of the third wavelength ⁇ 3 is 1300 nm.
- the light receiving unit 22 of the sensor 2 is configured to output the third signal S3 according to the intensity of the third light that has passed through the finger 5 of the subject.
- the information acquisition unit 41 of the biological information acquisition device 4 is configured to acquire information related to the biological tissue of the subject other than blood based on the third signal S3 output from the light receiving unit 22.
- the first attenuation level acquisition unit 411 acquires the attenuation level A3 of the third light based on the third signal S3.
- the light attenuation A3 indicates information on light absorption due to moisture in the blood and biological tissue other than blood. Therefore, even if the finger 5 of the subject due to the expansion of the bag 33 is released, the value of the light attenuation A3 is If the level does not return to the level before the start of compression, edema is suspected.
- the diagnosis of edema can be performed with high reproducibility.
- the degree of edema can be performed quantitatively and with good reproducibility. it can.
- the light emitting unit 21 of the sensor 2 may be configured to emit light having N different wavelengths (N is an integer of 3 or more).
- the light emitting unit 21 includes a first light having a first wavelength ⁇ 1, a second light having a second wavelength ⁇ 2, a third light having a third wavelength ⁇ 3, and a fourth light having a fourth wavelength ⁇ 4. It can be configured to emit light.
- the light emitting unit 21 is a light emitting element that emits red light of 660 nm as an example of the first wavelength ⁇ 1, a light emitting element that emits infrared light of 940 nm as an example of the second wavelength ⁇ 2, and an example of the third wavelength ⁇ 3.
- a light emitting element that emits infrared light of 810 nm and a light emitting element that emits red light of 620 nm or 635 nm are provided as an example of the fourth wavelength ⁇ 4.
- Each light emitting element emits light at a predetermined timing in accordance with a control signal from the information acquisition unit 41 of the biological information acquisition device 4.
- Examples of the light emitting element include a light emitting diode (LED) and a laser diode. The emitted first light, second light, third light, and fourth light are incident on the finger 5 of the subject.
- the light receiving unit 22 is configured to output N types of signals according to the intensity of the N types of light that has passed through the subject's finger 5. Specifically, the light receiving unit 22 is disposed at a position where the first light, the second light, the third light, and the fourth light that have passed through the finger 5 can be received.
- the light receiving unit 22 corresponds to the first signal S1 corresponding to the intensity I1 of the received first light, the second signal S2 corresponding to the intensity I2 of the received second light, and the intensity I3 of the received third light.
- the third signal S3 and the fourth signal S4 corresponding to the intensity I4 of the received fourth light are output.
- An example of an element that functions as the light receiving unit 22 is a photodiode.
- the signals S1, S2, S3, S4 output from the light receiving unit 22 are input to the information acquisition unit 41 of the biological information acquisition device 4.
- the first dimming level acquisition unit 411 is configured to acquire N types of dimming levels based on the N types of signals output from the light receiving unit 22. Specifically, the first attenuation level acquisition unit 411 acquires the attenuation level A1 of the first light based on the first signal S1, and acquires the attenuation level A2 of the second light based on the second signal S2. The third light attenuation A3 is acquired based on the third signal S3, and the fourth light attenuation A4 is acquired based on the fourth signal S4.
- the dimming levels A1, A2, A3, and A4 are different from the received light amount of the first signal S1, the second signal S2, the third signal S3, and the fourth signal S4, respectively, at a certain time (for example, before compression of the living tissue). It is calculated as a ratio of the amount of received light at a time (for example, during compression of a living tissue) and is expressed by the following equation.
- Io1, Io2, Io3, and Io4 indicate received light amounts at a reference time (for example, before compression of a living tissue), and I1, I2, I3, and I4 indicate received light amounts at the time of measurement.
- Subscript 1 represents the first light
- subscript 2 represents the second light
- subscript 3 represents the third light
- subscript 4 represents the fourth light.
- the second dimming level acquisition unit 412 is based on the two dimming levels relating to the maximum (N ⁇ 1) types of combinations selected from the N types of dimming levels acquired by the first dimming level acquiring unit 411. , And a maximum of (N-1) blood-derived dimming levels are obtained.
- the second dimming level acquisition unit 412 is based on the first light and the second light dimming levels A1 and A2 acquired by the first dimming level acquisition unit 411, and the second light and the second light level. Based on the light attenuation A2 and A3 of the third light and further based on the light attenuation A2 and A4 of the second light and the fourth light, the blood-derived light attenuation is obtained.
- the second attenuation level acquisition unit 412 acquires the blood-derived attenuation level Ab21 based on the difference between the attenuation level A2 and the attenuation level A1, and based on the difference between the attenuation level A2 and the attenuation level A3.
- the blood-derived dimming degree Ab23 is obtained, and the blood-derived dimming degree Ab24 is obtained based on the difference between the dimming degree A2 and the dimming degree A4. The principle of this processing will be described in detail below.
- the thickness of the living tissue changes.
- the change A in the light attenuation that occurs is caused by the change in the thickness of the blood and the change in the thickness of the tissue other than the blood. This fact is expressed by the following equation.
- E is the extinction coefficient (dl g -1 cm -1 )
- Hb the hemoglobin concentration (g dl -1 )
- Z the extinction rate (cm -1 ) of tissues other than blood
- D the thickness (cm).
- the blood-derived light attenuation Ab21, Ab23, Ab24 is obtained. Can do.
- E1 Eo1 ⁇ O2Hb + Er1 ⁇ RHb + Ec1 ⁇ COHb (18)
- E2 Eo2 ⁇ O2Hb + Er2 ⁇ RHb + Ec2 ⁇ COHb (19)
- E3 Eo3 ⁇ O2Hb + Er3 ⁇ RHb + Ec3 ⁇ COHb (20)
- Eo represents the extinction coefficient of oxygenated hemoglobin
- Er represents the extinction coefficient of reduced hemoglobin
- Ec represents the extinction coefficient of carbon monoxide hemoglobin.
- Subscript 1 represents the first light
- subscript 2 represents the second light
- subscript 3 represents the third light
- subscript 4 represents the fourth light.
- the reason for taking the difference in light attenuation is as described above with reference to FIG.
- the information acquisition unit 41 of the biological information acquisition device 4 may include a blood substance concentration specifying unit 414.
- the blood substance concentration specifying unit 414 determines the maximum (N-1) blood substance concentrations based on the maximum (N-1) blood-derived attenuation obtained by the second dimming degree acquisition unit 412. Is configured to identify. That is, the blood substance concentration specifying unit 414 is configured to specify the O2Hb concentration, the RHb concentration, and the COHb concentration based on the above principle. The same measurement can be performed using MetHb instead of COHb.
- the information acquisition unit 41 inputs a signal SC indicating the blood substance concentration (O 2 Hb concentration, RHb concentration, COHb concentration or MetHb concentration) specified by the blood substance concentration specifying unit 414 to the information output unit 42.
- the information output unit 42 outputs the blood substance concentration in an appropriate manner according to the signal SC. Examples of the output mode include display by at least one of a numerical value, a color, and a symbol corresponding to the substance concentration in blood, and output of sound corresponding to the substance concentration in blood.
- the number of wavelengths used is five, four types of hemoglobin concentrations can be obtained. For example, O2Hb concentration, RHb concentration, COHb concentration, and MetHb concentration can be obtained simultaneously.
- An example of the fifth wavelength ⁇ 5 is the other when the fourth wavelength ⁇ 4 is one of 620 nm and 635 nm.
- the blood substance concentration specifying unit 414 can specify the blood oxygen saturation as an example of the blood substance concentration. The principle will be specifically described.
- E2-E1 and (E2-E3) appearing in equation (16) above are functions of blood oxygen saturation S.
- Each extinction coefficient E1, E2, E3 is represented by the following equation.
- E1 Eo1S + Er1 (1-S) (23)
- E2 Eo2S + Er2 (1-S) (24)
- E3 Eo3S + Er3 (1-S) (25)
- Eo represents the extinction coefficient of oxygen hemoglobin
- Er represents the extinction coefficient of reduced hemoglobin
- S blood oxygen saturation.
- the subscript 1 represents the first light
- the subscript 2 represents the second light
- the subscript 3 represents the third light. Therefore, the ratio of (E2-E1) to (E2-E3) is also a function of blood oxygen saturation S.
- the blood oxygen saturation S is quantified through the equations (16) and (23) to (25). Can be identified.
- the blood substance concentration specifying unit 414 can be configured to specify the blood oxygen saturation S based on this principle.
- maximum (N ⁇ 1) types used in the above description is intended to include the following cases.
- the light emitting unit 21 is configured to emit light having five different wavelengths, it is not always necessary to obtain four blood substance concentrations. It is good also as a structure which calculates
- the constant compression state on the subject's finger 5 can be easily reproduced by inflating the bag 33, the measurement of the concentration of the substance in the blood of the subject is quantitative. And can be performed with good reproducibility.
- the information output unit 42 may be configured to output the blood substance concentration in a state where the subject's finger 5 is not pressed by the bag 33. Specifically, the information acquisition unit 41 monitors whether the pressure adjustment unit 43 inflates or contracts the bag 33 to determine whether the subject's finger 5 is in a pressed state. In the compressed state, the value of the blood substance concentration derived from pulsation cannot be specified, and since the value is specified after the compressed state is released, the value of the blood substance concentration in the compressed state is determined in real time by the user. It is not preferable to present it. Therefore, the information output unit 42 may be configured to stop outputting the blood substance concentration while the information acquisition unit 41 determines that the subject's finger 5 is being pressed by the bag 33. For example, the biological information acquisition device 4 is configured not to display the measurement value of the blood substance concentration.
- the information output unit 42 outputs before the pressurizing operation of the bag 33 by the pressure adjusting unit 43 while the information acquisition unit 41 determines that the finger 5 of the subject is pressed by the bag 33. It can be configured to maintain the value.
- the biological information acquisition apparatus 4 can include a power supply 44.
- the power supply 44 is a battery, for example.
- the power supply 44 supplies power to each part of the biological information acquisition apparatus 4 that requires power for operation.
- the power supply 44 can be configured to be able to supply power supplied from an external commercial power supply to each unit of the biological information acquisition apparatus 4.
- the pressure adjusting unit 43 can include an electric pump 431.
- the electric pump 431 operates with electric power supplied from the power supply 44.
- the electric pump 431 can perform a pressurizing operation for sending air into the bag body 33 through the ventilation tube 34 and a decompression operation for extracting the air in the bag body 33 through the ventilation tube 34.
- the pressure adjusting unit 43 causes the electric pump 431 to perform a pressurizing operation so as to inflate the bag 33 and press the finger 5 of the subject.
- the pressing state of the finger 5 by the bag 33 can be formed by performing the pressing operation for a certain time.
- the pressure adjusting unit 43 can release the compressed state by causing the electric pump 431 to perform a pressure reducing operation to contract the bag 33.
- the compression of the subject's finger 5 due to the expansion of the bag 33 can be automated, and a certain compression state can be easily reproduced.
- the biological information of the subject can be obtained quantitatively and with good reproducibility.
- the biological information acquisition device 4 can include a pressure sensor 45.
- the pressure sensor 45 is configured to detect the internal pressure of the bag body 33.
- the pressure sensor 45 may directly detect the internal pressure of the bag 33, or by detecting the pressure in the ventilation path (for example, the inside of the ventilation tube 34) that communicates the bag 33 and the pressure adjusting unit 43.
- the internal pressure of the bag 33 may be detected indirectly.
- the pressure adjusting unit 43 may be configured to adjust the volume of air in the bag body based on the detection result of the pressure sensor 45 so that the internal pressure of the bag body 33 becomes a target value.
- the pressure adjusting unit 43 controls the electric pump 431 so as to continue the pressurizing operation until the internal pressure of the bag 33 reaches the target value.
- the pressure applied to the subject's finger 5 may differ depending on the shape of the subject's finger 5 and the mounting position of the sensor 2 and the support tool 3. . According to the above configuration, it is possible to grasp how much pressure is actually applied to the subject's finger 5. Therefore, a constant compression state can be easily reproduced regardless of the shape of the subject's finger 5 and the mounting position of the sensor 2 and the support tool 3. Thereby, acquisition of a subject's living body information can be performed more correctly and reproducibly.
- the support tool 3 can include a switch 35.
- the switch 35 is configured to operate when the subject's finger 5 is worn.
- the switch 35 is provided in a space defined by the first support body 31 and the second support body 32, and is activated by placing the subject's finger 5 at a predetermined position in the space. Configured. Examples of the switch 35 include a mechanical switch, an optical sensor, a temperature sensor, and the like.
- the biological information acquisition apparatus 4 may include a control unit 46.
- the control unit 46 is configured to drive the electric pump 431 according to the operation of the switch 35.
- the pressurization operation by the electric pump 431 can be automatically started by attaching the support tool 3 to the subject's finger 5. Further, when the support tool 3 is not attached to the subject's finger 5 at an appropriate position, the pressurizing operation by the electric pump 431 can be prevented from starting. Alternatively, when the support tool 3 is displaced from an appropriate position with respect to the subject's finger 5 during measurement, the pressurizing operation by the electric pump 431 can be stopped.
- the pressure adjustment unit 43 may include a valve 432.
- the valve 432 is provided between the electric pump 431 and the ventilation tube 34.
- a state in which air is compressed can be formed on the upstream side of the valve 432.
- a negative pressure state can be formed on the upstream side of the valve 432 by causing the electric pump 431 to perform a pressure reducing operation with the valve 432 closed.
- opening the valve 432 in this state the air in the bag 33 can be quickly extracted. Thereby, it can suppress that the refilling of the blood is delayed by the residual pressure of the bag 33.
- Such a configuration is particularly useful when a small electric pump 431 having a relatively low air supply capacity is used.
- the control unit 46 may be configured to operate the pressure adjusting unit 43 at a predetermined interval. The interval can be changed as appropriate according to the usage mode of the biological information acquisition device 4.
- the biological information acquisition apparatus 4 can include a switch 47.
- the switch 47 is configured to start the operation of the pressure adjustment unit 43.
- the switch 47 is, for example, a measurement start switch provided on the operation panel of the biological information acquisition apparatus 4.
- control unit 46 (an example of a prohibition control unit) is configured to invalidate the operation of the switch 47 until a predetermined time elapses after the compression of the subject's finger 5 by the bag 33 is released. Can be done.
- the predetermined time is, for example, a time until the blood removed from the living tissue of the finger 5 by the compression of the bag 33 sufficiently returns to the living tissue by releasing the compression.
- the control unit 46 can be configured to change the predetermined time according to the operating state of the pressure adjusting unit 43. For example, even if the predetermined time is normally set to 30 seconds, if the compression is performed 5 times within 3 minutes, the operation of the switch 47 can be disabled for 5 minutes thereafter. It is.
- the biological information acquisition apparatus 4 can include a power supply monitoring unit 48.
- the power supply monitoring unit 48 is configured to monitor the power supply capability from the power supply 44 to the electric pump 431.
- the power monitoring unit 48 is configured to cause the pressure adjusting unit 43 to stop driving the electric pump 431 when the power supply capacity falls below a predetermined value. Examples of situations where the power supply capacity falls below a predetermined value include a case where the remaining battery level falls below a predetermined value, and a case where a power failure occurs while using a commercial power source.
- the electric pump 431 is driven in a situation where sufficient power is not supplied, a desired compressed state on the subject's finger 5 may not be obtained. According to said structure, it can avoid the situation where a measurement is performed in such a state and inaccurate biometric information of a subject is acquired. Therefore, it is possible to acquire the subject's biological information more accurately and with good reproducibility while easily reproducing a certain compression state on the subject's finger 5.
- the pressure adjustment unit 43 of the biological information acquisition apparatus 4 may include a manual adjustment mechanism 433 in addition to or instead of the electric pump 431 described above.
- the manual adjustment mechanism 433 is a mechanism configured to be able to manually adjust the volume of air in the bag 33.
- the manual adjustment mechanism 433 includes, for example, a check valve and an air supply tool.
- the check valve can be provided in the middle of the ventilation tube 34.
- Examples of the air supply device include rubber balls and syringes.
- the configuration of the pressure adjustment unit 43 can be simplified, and the biological information acquisition device 4 can be reduced in size and weight.
- the configuration including the manual adjustment mechanism 433 in addition to the electric pump 431 it is possible to manually acquire biological information even when the power supply capacity of the power supply 44 to the electric pump 431 becomes insufficient.
- the power supply 44 is a battery, power can be saved by performing manual biometric information acquisition as necessary. Accordingly, it is possible to measure the biological information of the subject according to the situation while easily reproducing a certain compression state on the subject's finger 5.
- the biological information acquisition apparatus 4 can include an audio output unit 49.
- the voice output unit 49 is configured to output a voice corresponding to the pressure applied to the subject's finger 5. Since the pressure corresponds to the internal pressure of the bag 33, the sound output unit 49 can use the detection result of the pressure sensor 45. Alternatively, a pressure sensor that can more directly detect the pressure applied to the finger 5 of the subject may be separately provided in the support tool 3, and the audio output unit 49 may use the detection result of the pressure sensor.
- the sound output unit 49 can output a predetermined sound when the pressure applied to the finger 5 reaches a predetermined value.
- voice output part 49 may output an audio
- the user can easily grasp whether the subject's finger 5 is in a compressed state.
- the bag 33 is manually pressurized, the user can use the sound output from the sound output unit 49 as a guideline for forming a desired compressed state. Therefore, it is possible to acquire the subject's biological information accurately and with good reproducibility while more easily reproducing the constant compression state on the subject's finger 5.
- the light emitting portion 21 of the sensor 2 is attached to the nail side 5a of the subject's finger 5, and the light receiving portion 22 of the sensor 2 is attached to the ventral side 5b of the finger 5.
- the light emitting unit 21 may be mounted on the belly side 5b of the finger 5 and the light receiving unit 22 may be mounted on the nail side 5a of the finger 5.
- the light emitted from the light emitting unit 21 and passing through the subject's finger 5 is incident on the light receiving unit 22.
- both the light emitting unit 21 and the light receiving unit 22 are mounted on the same side of the subject's finger 5, and are emitted from the light emitting unit 21 and reflected by the subject's finger 5.
- the optical sensor 2 ⁇ / b> A that enters the light receiving unit 22 may be used.
- the optical sensor 2 ⁇ / b> A is attached to the ventral side 5 b of the finger 5.
- the optical sensor 2A may be mounted on the nail side 5a of the finger 5.
- the support tool 3 is attached to the finger 5 of the subject to whom the sensor 2 is attached.
- the sensor 2 may be preliminarily attached to the support tool 3.
- the light emitting unit 21 and the light receiving unit 22 of the sensor 2 are disposed between at least one of the subject's finger 5 and the bag 33 and between the subject's finger 5 and the second support 32.
- the light emitting unit 21 is disposed on the outer surface of the bag body 33
- the light receiving unit 22 is disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the second support body 32.
- the light emitting unit 21 of the sensor 2 is connected to the information acquisition unit 41 of the biological information acquisition device 4 via a signal line 51.
- the light emitting unit 21 of the sensor 2 is connected to the information acquisition unit 41 of the biological information acquisition device 4 via a signal line 52.
- the switch 35 is connected to the control unit 46 of the biological signal acquisition device 4 through the signal line 53.
- the support device 3 and the biological information acquisition device 4 can be connected by a tube 60 having higher flexibility than the first support 31 and the second support 32 of the support tool 3.
- FIG. 7 shows a configuration example of such a tube 60.
- FIG. 7 shows a cross section cut in a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the tube 60 extends.
- the tube 60 includes an air passage 61 and a signal line housing portion 62.
- the ventilation path 61 is a part that can function as the ventilation tube 34, and communicates the pressure adjustment unit 43 of the biological signal acquisition device 4 and the bag 33 of the support tool 3.
- the signal line accommodating portion 62 is a portion that accommodates the signal lines 51, 52, and 53.
- the support device 3 and the biological information acquisition device 4 may be connected by a tube 60A shown in FIG. FIG. 8 shows a cross section cut in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the tube 60A.
- the tube 60 ⁇ / b> A includes a pair of ventilation paths 61 and a signal line holding unit 63.
- the ventilation path 61 is a part that can function as the ventilation tube 34, and communicates the pressure adjustment unit 43 of the biological signal acquisition device 4 and the bag 33 of the support tool 3. Only one ventilation path 61 may be provided.
- the signal line holding unit 63 is a part that holds the signal lines 51, 52, and 53 in a detachable manner.
- the electric cable and the ventilation hose can be combined into a single line.
- the position shift of the support tool 3 by a body movement etc. can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to more easily reproduce a certain pressure state on the subject's finger 5. Thereby, the biometric information of the subject can be acquired with higher reproducibility.
- the pressure adjustment unit 43 of the biological information acquisition apparatus 4 adjusts the volume of air in the bag 33 via the ventilation tube 34.
- an appropriate fluid may be used as long as the bag 33 can be expanded and contracted.
- the ventilation tube 34 has a configuration capable of circulating the fluid.
- FIG. 9 shows the support tool 3 according to the first embodiment.
- the left end of the first support 31 and the left end of the second support 32 are connected by a connection wall 36a, and the right end of the first support 31 and the right end of the second support 32 are connected. They are connected by a wall 36b.
- the support tool 3 is attached to the subject's finger 5, the finger 5 is surrounded by the first support 31, the second support 32, and the connection walls 36a and 36b.
- the inner peripheral surface 31a of the first support 31 extends in an arc shape (arch shape).
- the bag body 33 is disposed along the inner peripheral surface 31a.
- One end of the ventilation tube 34 (only part of which is shown) is formed integrally with the bag body 33.
- the bag body 33 inflated by the air sent from the pressure adjustment unit 43 of the biological information acquisition device 4 through the ventilation tube 34 comes into contact with a part of the subject's finger 5 in the circumferential direction to perform compression.
- a pressurized state can be formed with a smaller volume change of the bag 33 as compared with a configuration in which the bag is mounted on a flat inner peripheral surface.
- the pressurized state can be formed using the bag 33 having a smaller volume. That is, it is possible to quickly form a pressurized state while using a smaller air supply mechanism. The same effect can be obtained even when the pressurized state is released due to the shrinkage of the bag 33. Therefore, it is possible to easily reduce the size and cost of the apparatus while making it possible to easily reproduce a certain compression state on the finger 5 of the subject.
- the support tool 3 includes a fixing auxiliary portion 37.
- the fixing auxiliary portion 37 extends rearward from the rear end portion of the first support 31.
- the fixation assisting portion 37 is provided so as to extend along the finger 5 in order to assist the fixation of the support tool 3 to the subject's finger 5.
- the user can wear the support tool 3 on the subject's finger 5 with the fixing auxiliary portion 37 as a guide.
- the fixing auxiliary portion 37 By fixing the fixing auxiliary portion 37 to the finger 5 with a tape or the like as necessary, it is possible to prevent the displacement of the support tool 3 relative to the finger 5 during measurement. Therefore, it is possible to more easily reproduce the constant pressure state on the finger 5. Thereby, the biometric information of the subject can be acquired with higher reproducibility.
- FIG. 10 shows a support tool 3A according to the second embodiment. Elements having the same or equivalent configuration or function as the support tool 3 according to the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and repeated descriptions are omitted. In addition, in FIG. 10, illustration of the bag body 33 and the ventilation tube 34 is abbreviate
- a pair of elastic pieces 37 a (an example of an elastic member) is provided at the rear end portion of the fixing auxiliary portion 37.
- the elastic piece 37a is sandwiched so as to surround a part of the finger 5 when the support tool 3A is attached to the finger 5 of the subject.
- the support tool 3A can be fixed to the subject's finger 5 without requiring an auxiliary fixing tool such as a tape.
- an auxiliary fixing tool such as a tape.
- FIG. 11 shows a support tool 3B according to the third embodiment. Elements having the same or equivalent configuration or function as the support tool 3 according to the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and repeated descriptions are omitted.
- the front end of the first support 31 and the front end of the second support 32 are connected by a connection wall 36c.
- the finger 5 is disposed in a space defined by the first support 31, the second support 32, and the connection wall 36c.
- the space is open in the left-right direction.
- the subject's finger 5 does not need to be surrounded all around when acquiring biological information.
- the relatively high rigidity portion it is possible to suppress an increase in the weight of the support tool 3B. Therefore, the burden given to the subject wearing the support tool 3B can be suppressed.
- FIG. 12 shows a support tool 3C according to the fourth embodiment. Elements having the same or equivalent configuration or function as the support tool 3 according to the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and repeated descriptions are omitted.
- the support tool 3C includes a pressing member 38.
- the pressing member 38 is a member simulating a biological finger. Specifically, the pressing member 38 is made of a material having flexibility that imitates a living body finger, and has a shape imitating a finger when pressure is applied by a medical worker's hand.
- the pressing member 38 is provided on the outer surface of the bag body 33. When the bag 33 is inflated by the air sent through the ventilation tube 34 from the pressure adjustment unit 43 of the biological information acquisition device 4, the pressing member 38 comes into contact with the finger 5 of the subject.
- FIG. 13 and 14 show a support tool 3D according to the fifth embodiment.
- 14 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line XIV-XIV in FIG.
- Elements having the same or equivalent configuration or function as the support tool 3 according to the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and repeated descriptions are omitted.
- a fixing auxiliary portion 37 is provided at the rear end portion of the second support body 32 and extends rearward.
- the support tool 3 ⁇ / b> D includes a passage forming part 39.
- the passage forming part 39 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the first support 31.
- the passage forming part 39 has a connecting part 39a.
- an air passage 39 b is formed inside the passage forming portion 39.
- One end of the air passage 39b is open at the connecting portion 39a.
- the other end of the air passage 39 b communicates with the inside of the bag body 33 attached to the inner peripheral surface 31 a of the first support 31.
- the support tool 3D can be attached to and detached from the ventilation tube 34. Thereby, it is not necessary to form the ventilation tube 34 integrally with the bag body 33, and the manufacturing cost of the support tool 3D is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to meet the request to dispose only the support tool 3D while easily reproducing a certain compression state on the finger 5 of the subject.
- FIG. 15 shows a support tool 3E according to the sixth embodiment. Elements having the same or equivalent configuration or function as the support tool 3D according to the fifth embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and repeated descriptions are omitted.
- the passage forming portion 39 is rotatable around a central axis X extending in the vertical direction of the support tool 3E in a plane perpendicular to the central axis X.
- the central axis X extends along a portion where the air passage 39b extends in the vertical direction of the support tool 3E (see FIG. 14).
- the passage forming part 39 is movable with respect to the first support 31.
- the connecting portion 39a is rotatable around a central axis Y extending in the front-rear direction of the support tool 3E in a plane orthogonal to the central axis Y.
- the central axis Y extends along a portion where the air passage 39b extends in the front-rear direction of the support tool 3E (see FIG. 14).
- the connection part 39 a is movable with respect to the first support 31.
- FIG. 16 shows a support tool 3F according to the seventh embodiment. Elements having the same or equivalent configuration or function as the support tool 3D according to the fifth embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and repeated descriptions are omitted.
- the support tool 3F includes an elastic member 37b at the rear end portion of the fixing auxiliary portion 37.
- a through hole 37c extending in the front-rear direction of the support tool 3F is formed in the elastic member 37b.
- the elastic member 37 b is made of a material having elasticity and higher flexibility than the fixing auxiliary portion 37.
- the finger 5 When mounting the support tool 3F on the subject's finger 5, the finger 5 is first inserted into the through hole 37c of the elastic member 37b.
- the finger 5 is disposed at a predetermined position facing the bag 33 through the elastic member 37b while expanding the through hole 37c.
- the elastic member 37b holds and surrounds a part of the finger 5 by its own elasticity.
- the support tool 3F can be fixed to the subject's finger 5 without requiring an auxiliary fixing tool such as a tape.
- an auxiliary fixing tool such as a tape.
- a through hole 32a is formed in the second support 32.
- the through hole 32a communicates with a space in which the subject's finger 5 is disposed.
- the position, shape, and size of the through hole 32a are determined so as to allow access to the finger 5 of the subject wearing the support tool 3F. Access may be made possible by a rod-shaped jig or a user's finger.
- the through hole 32 a may be formed in the first support 31.
- the bag 33 is pressed against the subject's finger 5 by a rod-shaped jig or a user's finger.
- the biological information acquisition apparatus 4 acquires the subject's capillary refill time and blood substance concentration as biological information.
- the support device 3 (3A to 3F) according to each of the above embodiments is attached to the subject's finger 5, and the capillary refill time and blood substance concentration of the subject's subject 5 are attached.
- the support tool 3 (3A to 3F) according to the present invention can be applied to support for acquiring any biological information that can be acquired using a sensor of a type that is worn on the finger 5 of the subject. Examples of such biological information include heart rate and body temperature.
- the bag 33 is disposed along the inner peripheral surface 31a of the first support 31 disposed on the fingernail side 5a.
- the support tool 3 (3A to 3F) according to each of the above embodiments can be configured such that the first support 31 is disposed on the ventral side 5b of the finger 5.
- the bag 33 is disposed on the belly side 5 b of the finger 5, and the second support 32 is disposed on the nail side 5 a of the finger 5.
- the support tool 3 (3A to 3F) according to each of the above embodiments may be configured such that the first support 31 is disposed on either the left or right side of the finger 5.
- the bag body 33 is disposed on the left or right side of the finger 5, and the second support body 32 is disposed on the opposite side of the first support body 31 with the finger 5 interposed therebetween.
- the entire bag 33 is disposed along the inner peripheral surface 31a of the first support 31.
- the support tool 3 (3A to 3F) according to each of the above embodiments can be configured such that at least a part of the bag 33 is disposed along the inner peripheral surface 31a of the first support 31.
- the 1st support body 31 is arrange
- the function of the substance concentration specifying unit 414 is realized by software executed in cooperation with a processor and a memory that are communicably connected.
- the processor include a CPU and an MPU.
- the memory include RAM and ROM.
- the information acquisition unit 41, the control unit 46, the power supply monitoring unit 48, the first dimming degree acquisition unit 411, the second dimming degree acquisition unit 412, the capillary refill time specifying unit 413, and the blood substance concentration specifying unit 414 At least one function can be realized by hardware such as a circuit element or a combination of hardware and software.
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Abstract
Description
装着時において被検者の指の第1の側に配置され、内周面を有する第1支持体と、
装着時において前記第1の側と反対側である被検者の指の第2の側に配置され、前記第1支持体との相対位置が不変である第2支持体と、
前記第1支持体および前記第2支持体よりも柔軟な材料で形成され、少なくとも一部が前記内周面に沿って配置された袋体と、
前記袋体の内部と連通する流体通路を形成する通路形成部と、
を備えており、
装着時において、被検者の指と前記袋体の間、および被検者の指と前記第2支持体の間の少なくとも一方に前記センサが配置されるように構成されている。
装着時において被検者の指の第1の側に配置され、内周面を有する第1支持体と、
装着時において前記第1の側と反対側である被検者の指の第2の側に配置され、前記第1支持体との相対位置が不変である第2支持体と、
前記第1支持体および前記第2支持体よりも柔軟な材料で形成され、少なくとも一部が前記内周面に沿って配置された袋体と、
前記袋体の内部と連通する流体通路を形成する通路形成部と、
装着時において、被検者の指と前記袋体の間、および被検者の指と前記第2支持体の間の少なくとも一方に配置され、被検者の生体情報に対応する信号を出力するセンサと、
を備えている。
前記チューブは、
前記通路形成部と連通して前記流体通路の一部を形成する通気路と、
前記センサと電気的に接続された信号線を収容する信号線収容部と、
を備えている構成としてもよい。
前記チューブは、
前記通路形成部と連通して前記流体通路の一部を形成する通気路と、
前記センサと電気的に接続された信号線を着脱可能に保持する信号線保持部と、
を備えている構成としてもよい。
被検者の指に装着される支援用具と、
被検者の指に装着され、当該被検者の生体情報に応じた信号を出力するセンサと、
前記センサから出力される信号に基づいて前記生体情報を取得する情報取得部と、
前記情報取得部が取得した情報を出力する情報出力部と、
を備えており、
前記支援用具は、
装着時において被検者の指の第1の側に配置され、内周面を有する第1支持体と、
装着時において前記第1の側と反対側である被検者の指の第2の側に配置され、前記第1支持体との相対位置が不変である第2支持体と、
前記第1支持体および前記第2支持体よりも柔軟な材料で形成され、少なくとも一部が前記内周面に沿って配置された袋体と、
前記袋体の内部と連通する流体通路を形成する通路形成部と、
を備えており、
前記支援用具の装着時において、前記センサは、被検者の指と前記袋体の間、および被検者の指と前記第2支持体の間の少なくとも一方に配置され、
前記通路形成部を通じて前記袋体内の流体の体積を調節し、被検者の指に加わる圧力を調節する圧力調節部をさらに備えている。
被検者の指に加わる圧力を検出する圧力センサと、
前記圧力に応じた音声を出力する音声出力部と、
を備えている、構成としてもよい。
第1波長を有する第1の光、および第2波長を有する第2の光を出射する発光部と、
被検者の指を通過または反射した前記第1の光と前記第2の光の強度に応じて、それぞれ第1信号および第2信号を出力する受光部と、
を備えており、
前記情報取得部は、
前記第1信号に基づいて前記第1の光の減光度を取得し、前記第2信号に基づいて前記第2の光の減光度を取得する第1減光度取得部と、
前記第1の光の減光度および前記第2の光の減光度に基づいて、血液由来の減光度を取得する第2減光度取得部と、
前記袋体による被検者の指の圧迫に伴う前記血液由来の減光度の経時変化に基づいて、指の生体組織への毛細血管再充満時間を特定する毛細血管再充満時間特定部と、
を備えている構成としてもよい。
前記受光部は、被検者の指を通過または反射した前記第3の光の強度に応じて、第3信号を出力し、
前記第1波長と前記第2波長は、ヘモグロビンにより吸収される波長であり、
前記第3波長は、ヘモグロビンによる吸収よりも水による吸収が大きい波長であり、
前記情報取得部は、
前記袋体による被検者の指の圧迫に伴う少なくとも前記第3信号の経時変化に基づいて、血液以外の被検者の生体組織に係る情報を取得する構成としてもよい。
互いに異なるN種(Nは3以上の整数)の波長を有する光を出射する発光部と、
被検者の指を通過または反射した前記N種の光の強度に応じて、N種の信号を出力する受光部と、
を備えており、
前記情報取得部は、
前記N種の信号に基づいて、N種の減光度を取得する第1減光度取得部と、
前記N種の減光度から選ばれた最大で(N-1)種の組合せに係る2つの減光度に基づいて、最大で(N-1)種の血液由来の減光度を取得する第2減光度取得部と、
前記最大で(N-1)種の血液由来の減光度に基づいて、最大で(N-1)種の血液中物質濃度を特定する血液中物質濃度特定部と、
を備えている構成としてもよい。
前記圧力調節部の動作を開始させるスイッチと、
前記袋体による被検者の指の圧迫が解除されてから所定時間が経過するまで、前記スイッチの動作を無効にする禁止制御部と、
を備えている構成としてもよい。
A1=log(I1/Io1) (1)
A2=log(I2/Io2) (2)
ここでIo1、Io2が基準時刻(例えば生体組織の圧迫前)における受光光量を示し、I1、I2が測定時における受光光量を示している。添え字1は第1の光を、添え字2は第2の光を表している。
A1=Ab1+At1=E1HbDb+Z1Dt (3)
A2=Ab2+At2=E2HbDb+Z2Dt (4)
ここで、Eは吸光係数(dl g-1cm-1)、Hbは血色素濃度(g dl-1)、Zは血液以外の組織の減光率(cm-1)、Dは変化した厚み(cm)を表している。添え字bは血液を、添え字tは血液以外の組織を、添え字1は第1の光を、添え字2は第2の光を表している。
A2-A1=(E2-E1)HbDb
右辺には血液の情報のみが含まれている。したがって、減光度A1と減光度A2の差分をとることにより、血液由来の減光度Abを得ることができる。
A1=log(I1/Io1) (5)
A2=log(I2/Io2) (6)
A3=log(I3/Io3) (7)
A4=log(I4/Io4) (8)
ここでIo1、Io2、Io3、Io4が基準時刻(例えば生体組織の圧迫前)における受光光量を示し、I1、I2、I3、I4が測定時における受光光量を示している。添え字1は第1の光を、添え字2は第2の光を、添え字3は第3の光を、添え字4は第4の光を表している。
A1=Ab1+At1=E1HbDb+Z1Dt (9)
A2=Ab2+At2=E2HbDb+Z2Dt (10)
A3=Ab3+At3=E3HbDb+Z3Dt (11)
A4=Ab4+At4=E4HbDb+Z4Dt (12)
ここで、Eは吸光係数(dl g-1cm-1)、Hbは血色素濃度(g dl-1)、Zは血液以外の組織の減光率(cm-1)、Dは厚み(cm)を表している。添え字bは血液を、添え字tは血液以外の組織を、添え字1は第1の光を、添え字2は第2の光を、添え字3は第3の光を、添え字4は第4の光を表している。
Ab21=A2-A1=(E2-E1)HbDb (13)
Ab23=A2-A3=(E2-E3)HbDb (14)
Ab24=A2-A4=(E2-E4)HbDb (15)
右辺には血液の情報のみが含まれている。したがって、減光度A2と減光度A1の差分、減光度A2と減光度A3の差分、および減光度A2と減光度A4の差分をとることにより、血液由来の減光度Ab21、Ab23、Ab24を得ることができる。
Ab21/Ab23=(A2-A1)/(A2-A3)
=(E2-E1)/(E2-E3) (16)
Ab21/Ab24=(A2-A1)/(A2-A4)
=(E2-E1)/(E2-E4) (17)
ここで式(16)と式(17)における(E2-E1)、(E2-E3)、(E2-E4)は、酸素化ヘモグロビン濃度O2Hb(%)、還元ヘモグロビン濃度RHb(%)、一酸化炭素ヘモグロビン濃度COHb(%)の関数である。各吸光係数E1、E2、E3、E4は、次式で表わされる。
E1=Eo1・O2Hb+Er1・RHb+Ec1・COHb (18)
E2=Eo2・O2Hb+Er2・RHb+Ec2・COHb (19)
E3=Eo3・O2Hb+Er3・RHb+Ec3・COHb (20)
E4=Eo4・O2Hb+Er4・RHb+Ec4・COHb (21)
O2Hb+RHb+COHb=1 (22)
ここで、Eoは酸素化ヘモグロビンの吸光係数を、Erは還元ヘモグロビンの吸光係数を、Ecは一酸化炭素ヘモグロビンの吸光係数を表している。添え字1は第1の光を、添え字2は第2の光を、添え字3は第3の光を、添え字4は第4の光を表している。減光度の差分をとる理由は、先に図4を参照して説明した通りである。
E1=Eo1S+Er1(1-S) (23)
E2=Eo2S+Er2(1-S) (24)
E3=Eo3S+Er3(1-S) (25)
ここで、Eoは酸素ヘモグロビンの吸光係数を、Erは還元ヘモグロビンの吸光係数を、Sは血液酸素飽和度を表している。上記と同様に、添え字1は第1の光を、添え字2は第2の光を、添え字3は第3の光を表している。したがって、(E2-E1)と(E2-E3)の比もまた血液酸素飽和度Sの関数となる。
Claims (27)
- センサが装着された被検者の指に装着されて当該被検者の生体情報の取得を支援する用具であって、
装着時において被検者の指の第1の側に配置され、内周面を有する第1支持体と、
装着時において前記第1の側と反対側である被検者の指の第2の側に配置され、前記第1支持体との相対位置が不変である第2支持体と、
前記第1支持体および前記第2支持体よりも柔軟な材料で形成され、少なくとも一部が前記内周面に沿って配置された袋体と、
前記袋体の内部と連通する流体通路を形成する通路形成部と、
を備えており、
装着時において、被検者の指と前記袋体の間、および被検者の指と前記第2支持体の間の少なくとも一方に前記センサが配置されるように構成されている、支援用具。 - 前記内周面は、円弧状に延びている、請求項1に記載の支援用具。
- 生体の指を模した押圧部材が前記袋体の外面に設けられている、請求項1または2に記載の支援用具。
- 前記第1支持体と前記第2支持体の少なくとも一方に、被検者の指への固定を補助する固定補助部が設けられている、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の支援用具。
- 前記固定補助部は、被検者の指の一部を包囲する弾性部材を有している、請求項4に記載の支援用具。
- 前記通路形成部は、前記第1支持体の外周面に設けられるとともに、前記流体通路と連通するチューブとの接続部を有している、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の支援用具。
- 前記通路形成部と前記接続部の少なくとも一方は、前記第1支持体に対して可動とされている、請求項6に記載の支援用具。
- 被検者の指へのアクセスを許容する貫通穴が、前記第1支持体または前記第2支持体に形成されている、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の支援用具。
- 前記生体情報は、毛細血管再充満時間と血液中物質濃度の少なくとも一方を含んでいる、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の支援用具。
- 被検者の指に装着されて当該被検者の生体情報の取得を支援する用具であって、
装着時において被検者の指の第1の側に配置され、内周面を有する第1支持体と、
装着時において前記第1の側と反対側である被検者の指の第2の側に配置され、前記第1支持体との相対位置が不変である第2支持体と、
前記第1支持体および前記第2支持体よりも柔軟な材料で形成され、少なくとも一部が前記内周面に沿って配置された袋体と、
前記袋体の内部と連通する流体通路を形成する通路形成部と、
装着時において、被検者の指と前記袋体の間、および被検者の指と前記第2支持体の間の少なくとも一方に配置され、被検者の生体情報に対応する信号を出力するセンサと、
を備えている、支援用具。 - 前記通路形成部に接続され、前記第1支持体および前記第2支持体よりも高い柔軟性を有するチューブを備えており、
前記チューブは、
前記通路形成部と連通して前記流体通路の一部を形成する通気路と、
前記センサと電気的に接続された信号線を収容する信号線収容部と、
を備えている、請求項10に記載の支援用具。 - 前記通路形成部に接続され、前記第1支持体および前記第2支持体よりも高い柔軟性を有するチューブを備えており、
前記チューブは、
前記通路形成部と連通して前記流体通路の一部を形成する通気路と、
前記センサと電気的に接続された信号線を着脱可能に保持する信号線保持部と、
を備えている、請求項10に記載の支援用具。 - 前記生体情報は、毛細血管再充満時間と血液中物質濃度の少なくとも一方を含んでいる、請求項10から12のいずれか一項に記載の支援用具。
- 被検者の指に装着される支援用具と、
被検者の指に装着され、当該被検者の生体情報に応じた信号を出力するセンサと、
前記センサから出力される信号に基づいて前記生体情報を取得する情報取得部と、
前記情報取得部が取得した情報を出力する情報出力部と、
を備えており、
前記支援用具は、
装着時において被検者の指の第1の側に配置され、内周面を有する第1支持体と、
装着時において前記第1の側と反対側である被検者の指の第2の側に配置され、前記第1支持体との相対位置が不変である第2支持体と、
前記第1支持体および前記第2支持体よりも柔軟な材料で形成され、少なくとも一部が前記内周面に沿って配置された袋体と、
前記袋体の内部と連通する流体通路を形成する通路形成部と、
を備えており、
前記支援用具の装着時において、前記センサは、被検者の指と前記袋体の間、および被検者の指と前記第2支持体の間の少なくとも一方に配置され、
前記通路形成部を通じて前記袋体内の流体の体積を調節し、被検者の指に加わる圧力を調節する圧力調節部をさらに備えている、生体情報取得システム。 - 前記圧力調節部は、電動ポンプを含んでいる、請求項14に記載の生体情報取得システム。
- 前記支援用具は、被検者の指が装着されると作動するスイッチを備えており、
前記スイッチの作動に応じて、前記電動ポンプを駆動する制御部をさらに備えている、請求項15に記載の生体情報取得システム。 - 電源から前記電動ポンプへの電力供給能力を監視する電源監視部を備えており、
電源監視部は、前記電力供給能力が所定値を下回ると、前記圧力調節部に電動ポンプの駆動を停止させる、請求項15または16に記載の生体情報取得システム。 - 前記圧力調節部は、手動で前記流体の体積を調節する機構を含んでいる、請求項14から17のいずれか一項に記載の生体情報取得システム。
- 被検者の指に加わる圧力を検出する圧力センサと、
前記圧力に応じた音声を出力する音声出力部と、
を備えている、請求項14から18のいずれか一項に記載の生体情報取得システム。 - 前記センサは、
第1波長を有する第1の光、および第2波長を有する第2の光を出射する発光部と、
被検者の指を通過または反射した前記第1の光と前記第2の光の強度に応じて、それぞれ第1信号および第2信号を出力する受光部と、
を備えており、
前記情報取得部は、
前記第1信号に基づいて前記第1の光の減光度を取得し、前記第2信号に基づいて前記第2の光の減光度を取得する第1減光度取得部と、
前記第1の光の減光度および前記第2の光の減光度に基づいて、血液由来の減光度を取得する第2減光度取得部と、
前記袋体による被検者の指の圧迫に伴う前記血液由来の減光度の経時変化に基づいて、指の生体組織への毛細血管再充満時間を特定する毛細血管再充満時間特定部と、
を備えている、請求項14から19のいずれか一項に記載の生体情報取得システム。 - 前記発光部は、第3波長を有する第3の光を出射し、
前記受光部は、被検者の指を通過または反射した前記第3の光の強度に応じて、第3信号を出力し、
前記第1波長と前記第2波長は、ヘモグロビンにより吸収される波長であり、
前記第3波長は、ヘモグロビンによる吸収よりも水による吸収が大きい波長であり、
前記情報取得部は、
前記袋体による被検者の指の圧迫に伴う少なくとも前記第3信号の経時変化に基づいて、血液以外の被検者の生体組織に係る情報を取得する、請求項20に記載の生体情報取得システム。 - 前記センサは、
互いに異なるN種(Nは3以上の整数)の波長を有する光を出射する発光部と、
被検者の指を通過または反射した前記N種の光の強度に応じて、N種の信号を出力する受光部と、
を備えており、
前記情報取得部は、
前記N種の信号に基づいて、N種の減光度を取得する第1減光度取得部と、
前記N種の減光度から選ばれた最大で(N-1)種の組合せに係る2つの減光度に基づいて、最大で(N-1)種の血液由来の減光度を取得する第2減光度取得部と、
前記最大で(N-1)種の血液由来の減光度に基づいて、最大で(N-1)種の血液中物質濃度を特定する血液中物質濃度特定部と、
を備えている、請求項14から19のいずれか一項に記載の生体情報取得システム。 - 前記情報出力部による前記血液中物質濃度の出力は、前記袋体により被検者の指が圧迫されていない状態において行なわれ、
前記袋体により被検者の指が圧迫されている間、前記情報出力部は、前記血液中物質濃度の出力を中止、あるいは加圧前の出力値を維持する、請求項22に記載の生体情報取得システム。 - 前記圧力調節部を所定のインターバルで動作させる制御部を備えている、請求項14から23のいずれか一項に記載の生体情報取得システム。
- 前記圧力調節部の動作を開始させるスイッチと、
前記袋体による被検者の指の圧迫が解除されてから所定時間が経過するまで、前記スイッチの動作を無効にする禁止制御部と、
を備えている、請求項14から24のいずれか一項に記載の生体情報取得システム。 - 前記所定時間は、前記圧力調節部の動作状態に基づいて可変とされている、請求項25に記載の生体情報取得システム。
- 前記袋体の内部圧力を検出する圧力センサと、
前記圧力調節部は、前記圧力センサの検出結果に基づいて、前記内部圧力が目標値となるように前記袋体内の流体の体積を調節する、請求項14から26のいずれか一項に記載の生体情報取得システム。
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